WO2014187706A1 - Sealing of a connection of two components established by means of a pin-like connecting element - Google Patents
Sealing of a connection of two components established by means of a pin-like connecting element Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014187706A1 WO2014187706A1 PCT/EP2014/059818 EP2014059818W WO2014187706A1 WO 2014187706 A1 WO2014187706 A1 WO 2014187706A1 EP 2014059818 W EP2014059818 W EP 2014059818W WO 2014187706 A1 WO2014187706 A1 WO 2014187706A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- connecting element
- adhesive tape
- use according
- connection
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B43/00—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts
- F16B43/001—Washers or equivalent devices; Other devices for supporting bolt-heads or nuts for sealing or insulation
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of connection of components, in particular the field of sealing of connections, which are effected by means of pin-like connecting elements.
- the invention proposes an easy-to-use way of sealing such compounds.
- Rubber-based sealing elements are also common, but are affected by the effects of weathering in their function and must be adapted to the intended use with relatively high cost.
- the object of the invention is an easy-to-use and efficient method for sealing connections obtained with pin-like connecting elements of To provide components.
- the solution of the problem is based on the idea of using a double-sided adhesive tape for this purpose.
- a first object of the invention is the use of a double-sided adhesive tape for sealing a connection of two components caused by a pin-type connecting element, wherein the pin-like connecting element has a head located on one side of the connection and a counterpart with the pin-like on the opposite side of the connection Connecting element is connected.
- a “pin-like connecting element” is understood to mean a conventional pin-type aid which can be used for the fixed connection of components
- the material and shape of the pin-like connecting element are in principle arbitrary. By this is meant that one end of the pin-like connecting element is widened with respect to each other portion of the exposed shaft of the pin-like connecting element.
- the pin-like connecting element can be designed in one piece so that the shaft and head merge directly into one another.
- “Integral” means that the overall structure of the head and shaft of the pin-like connecting element consists of a single piece, but the head may also be a part other than the shaft of the pin-like connecting element which is fixedly connected to the shaft.
- the head of the pin-like connecting element preferably has on its underside (ie on its side facing the component) a macroscopically flat surface surrounding the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjacent to its edge, the plane defined by this surface being substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element is arranged.
- the flatness of the surface allows a particularly efficient handling of the sealing adhesive tape in the production of the connection between two components.
- the shortest distance from the outer edge of the head to the shaft is at least 1 mm. Such a distance has proven to be particularly advantageous to effect an excellent sealing of the connection.
- the "counterpart” is understood to mean a component of the connection according to the invention between two components which is complementary to the pin-like one Connecting element is and this fixed on the head opposite side of the connection. It is inventively possible that the overall structure of the head and shaft of the pin-shaped connecting element and the counterpart consists of a single piece, that is in one piece. This is the case, for example, when the pin-type connecting element is a rivet. It is also possible according to the invention that the pin-like connecting element and the counterpart are complementary to each other, but nevertheless different and separable components.
- the counterpart causes a broadening provided with him portion of the pin-like connecting element with respect to each other portion of the exposed shaft of the pin-like connecting element.
- the counterpart preferably has, on its side facing the component, a macroscopically flat surface which surrounds the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjoins its edge, the plane defined by this surface being arranged essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element. Also preferably within this area, the shortest distance from the outer edge of the counterpart to the shaft of the pin-like connecting element is at least 1 mm.
- the pin-type connecting element is particularly preferably a screw with a screw head and the counterpart is a nut complementary to the screw.
- Screw and nut can basically be made of any material and of any shape, provided that the purpose of the connection of two components can be met.
- the mother is preferably a cap nut.
- the screw is preferably in one piece. Also preferably, the width of the screw head around the shaft of the screw around, so the distance of the outer edge of the screw head from the shaft of the screw, at least 1 mm.
- the underside of the screw head is preferably a macroscopically flat surface which, moreover, is preferably arranged essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the screw shaft.
- the width of the edge surfaces of the nut ie the distance between a point located on the inner edge of the nut and a point located on the outer edge of the nut, wherein the two points lie on an imaginary line leading from the center of the nut to the outside, is preferably at least 1 mm.
- At least the substrate-side surface of the nut during application is preferably macroscopic. It is preferably arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the screw shaft.
- connection between two components is effected according to the invention by a double-sided adhesive tape.
- sealing the connection between two components is meant the sealing of each joint resulting from such a construction, that is to say both the sealing of the joint between the two components themselves and the sealing of one of the joints between the components and the components of the pin-like connection element or its counterpart.
- At least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the pin-like connecting element and / or the counterpart.
- "Immediately in contact” means that the double-sided adhesive tape and the connecting element or the counterpart immediately, ie without another intervening layer of another material, adjacent to each other.
- At least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the shaft and the head of the pin-like connecting element or with at least part of the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and at least part of the counterpart.
- the adhesive tape is preferably arranged at least partially in the gap between one of the components to be connected and the head of the pin-like connecting element or in the gap between the other component and the counterpart; In particular, the adhesive tape substantially completely fills the respective gap.
- “Completely filling in” means that application-related inclusion of bubbles in the bond interface or application-related inclusions of other materials are negligible in terms of application of negligible amount.
- the adhesive tape in the relevant section of the shaft surrounds it completely and immediately adjacent to it.
- a "double-sided adhesive tape” is understood as meaning an adhesive tape provided on both sides with a pressure-sensitive adhesive as outer layer, in which case it can be natural rubber, synthetic rubber or poly (meth) acrylate-based or have a different base;
- the weight-related main constituent of the PSA ie the constituent with the highest proportion by weight, is poly (meth) acrylate.
- poly (meth) acrylate here describes a polymer, its underlying monomers to a substantial proportion, preferably more than 50%, of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters are formed.
- acrylic acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters are compulsory constituents of the monomer base of the poly (meth) acrylate.
- the adhesive tape preferably contains a foamed layer.
- This foamed layer may itself be a pressure-sensitive adhesive and thus already form the double-sided adhesive tape.
- the foamed layer can, however, also act as a carrier material, a so-called "backing", and each have a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive on its top and bottom
- the foamed layer can be, for example, polyurethane, polyethylene or poly (meth) acrylate-based
- the foamed layer is poly (meth) acrylate-based within the meaning of the preceding paragraph:
- the main component by weight of the foamed layer is poly (meth) acrylate.
- Poly (meth) acrylate as the main component of both the foamed layer and the PSAs has been found to be particularly advantageous in terms of longevity, weatherability and strength. In the foamed layer, it also gives excellent shear strength and very good compressibility.
- the thickness of the double-sided adhesive tape is preferably 0.1 mm to 5 mm. This thickness range has proven to be particularly suitable, on the one hand to optimally fill the distance between the component and the head or counterpart of the connecting element and thereby compensate for unevenness in the surfaces of these components and on the other hand to ensure high bond strengths. In addition, results in this thickness range only a small deformation in torsions or displacements between the components and the connecting element or the counterpart.
- the mother can be fixed with the adhesive tape on a provided with a hole for the screw component, and the screw can then be tightened with a certain torque without additional fixation become. The application is also conceivable vice versa; Accordingly, the screw would be fixed and raised the mother.
- the adhesive tape can be attached first to the screw and / or to the nut as well as first to the substrate.
- the double-sided adhesive tape is applied between the screw head and the substrate.
- the adhesive tape is first applied to the substrate; then the screw is inserted and pressed under pressure against the tape.
- the screw head should be held in position, preferably by using a wrench, in order to avoid twisting or overstretching of the adhesive tape.
- the contact surface of the adhesive tape on the screw head or on the nut is preferably at least 2 cm 2 .
- the double-sided adhesive tape preferably has a hole with a diameter of 100 to 80%, particularly preferably ⁇ 100 to 80% of the shaft diameter of the pin-like connecting element. With hole diameters of less than 100% of the shaft diameter, the elastic properties of the adhesive tape are advantageously utilized to enhance the sealing effect.
- a further subject of the invention is a device which comprises two components connected by means of a pin-like connecting element, wherein the pin-like connecting element has a head located on one side of the connection and on the side opposite the head of the connection a counterpart is connected to the pin-like connecting element and wherein the connection of the two components caused by the pin-like connecting element is sealed with a double-sided adhesive tape.
- the adhesive tape of the device according to the invention preferably contains a foamed layer. Also preferably, the adhesive tape has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm.
- the weight-related main component of the adhesive tape of the device according to the invention is preferably poly (meth) acrylate.
- At least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the pin-like connecting element and / or the counterpart.
- the adhesive tape is preferably arranged at least partially in the gap between one of the components to be connected and the head of the pin-like connecting element or in the gap between the other component and the counterpart.
- the pin-like connecting element is preferably in one piece.
- the head of the pin-like connecting element preferably has on its underside a macroscopically flat surface surrounding the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjoining its edge, the plane defined by this surface being arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element.
- the shortest distance from the outer edge of the head to the shaft is particularly preferably at least 1 mm.
- the counterpart on its side facing the component on the shaft of the pin-like connecting element surrounding and adjacent to the edge macroscopically flat surface, wherein the plane spanned by this surface is arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element.
- the shortest distance from the outer edge of the counterpart to the shaft of the pin-like connecting element is particularly preferably at least 1 mm.
- the pin-like connecting element is a screw with screw head and the counterpart is complementary to the screw nut.
- the double-sided adhesive tape has a hole with a diameter of 100 to 80% of the shaft diameter of the pin-like connecting element.
- Figure 1 shows a water tank 1 made of plastic, in the bottom of a recess 2 was produced by sawing.
- the substrates to be joined were two aluminum plates each having four 8 mm diameter holes.
- the larger aluminum plate 3 was provided with square double-sided adhesive tapes 4 (16 mm x 16 mm) having a hole with a diameter of 7 mm in its center.
- the adhesive tapes 4 were applied to the aluminum plate 3 so that their holes were centered over the holes of the aluminum plate 3, respectively.
- the aluminum plate 3 was then placed over the recess 2 of the water tank so that the adhesive tapes faced down.
- the interface between the aluminum plate and the water container was sealed with a similar adhesive tape as that applied to the aluminum plate. This seal was waterproof, but is not considered in the figure 1.
- the plate was loaded for 72 h with a weight corresponding to 10 N / cm 2 .
- the smaller aluminum plate 5 was joined to the larger aluminum plate 3 by making the holes of the plate 5 coincide with those of the plate 3 and inserting from below the screws 6 whose heads 7 were pressed against the adhesive tapes for a few minutes.
- the connection was then fixed by applying washers 8 and cap nuts 9 to the exposed ends of the screws.
- the container 1 was filled with water up to a height of 22.5 cm. Under the container paper layers were applied to detect a passage of water can.
- the adhesive tapes used were the products tesa ® 7063 and tesa ® ACXplus ACXplus 7074. In both cases, no passage of water was observed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Adhesive Tapes (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Abdichtung einer mit einem stiftartigen Verbindungselement bewirkten Verbindung zweier Bauteile Sealing a caused by a pin-like connection element connection of two components
Die Erfindung betrifft das technische Gebiet der Verbindung von Bauteilen, insbesondere das Gebiet der Abdichtung von Verbindungen, die mittels stiftartiger Verbindungselemente bewirkt werden. Die Erfindung schlägt eine einfach anzuwendende Möglichkeit zur Abdichtung derartiger Verbindungen vor. The invention relates to the technical field of connection of components, in particular the field of sealing of connections, which are effected by means of pin-like connecting elements. The invention proposes an easy-to-use way of sealing such compounds.
In vielen industriellen Bereichen, insbesondere in der Bauindustrie oder auch in der Automobilindustrie, ist es häufig notwendig, bestimmte Bauteile mit gleichartigen oder anderen Substraten zu verbinden. Ein bekanntes Beispiel dafür sind Wandplatten beim Hausbau. In derartigen Fällen müssen hergestellte Verbindungen zweier Bauteile häufig abgedichtet werden, um beispielsweise das Eindringen von Wasser oder kalter Luft von außen zu verhindern. In many industrial areas, especially in the construction industry or in the automotive industry, it is often necessary to connect certain components with similar or other substrates. A well-known example of this are wall panels in house construction. In such cases, fabricated joints of two components must often be sealed to prevent, for example, the ingress of water or cold air from the outside.
Stiftartige Verbindungselemente allein können in aller Regel die erforderliche Abdichtung nicht gewährleisten. Daher werden üblicherweise Silikon-Dichtmassen verwendet, um eine entsprechende Versiegelung der hergestellten Verbindungen zu erreichen. Derartige Dichtmassen benötigen jedoch eine bestimmte Zeit zum Aushärten und beeinträchtigen darüber hinaus den ästhetischen Eindruck, so dass häufig eine Abdichtung im Wandinneren angestrebt wird. Pin-type fasteners alone can not guarantee the required seal as a rule. Therefore, silicone sealants are commonly used to achieve a proper seal of the compounds produced. However, such sealing compounds require a certain time for curing and also affect the aesthetic impression, so that often a seal in the wall interior is sought.
Kautschuk-basierende Dichtelemente sind ebenfalls gebräuchlich, werden jedoch durch Witterungseinflüsse in ihrer Funktion beeinträchtigt und müssen mit relativ hohem Aufwand an die beabsichtigte Verwendung angepasst werden. Rubber-based sealing elements are also common, but are affected by the effects of weathering in their function and must be adapted to the intended use with relatively high cost.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine leicht anzuwendende und effiziente Methode zum Abdichten von mit stiftartigen Verbindungselementen erzielten Verbindungen von Bauteilen zur Verfügung zu stellen. Der Lösung der Aufgabe liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, zu diesem Zweck ein doppelseitiges Klebeband einzusetzen. The object of the invention is an easy-to-use and efficient method for sealing connections obtained with pin-like connecting elements of To provide components. The solution of the problem is based on the idea of using a double-sided adhesive tape for this purpose.
Ein erster Gegenstand der Erfindung ist die Verwendung eines doppelseitigen Klebebandes zur Versiegelung einer mit einem stiftartigen Verbindungselement bewirkten Verbindung zweier Bauteile, wobei das stiftartige Verbindungselement einen auf einer Seite der Verbindung befindlichen Kopf aufweist und auf der dem Kopf gegenüberliegenden Seite der Verbindung ein Gegenstück mit dem stiftartigen Verbindungselement verbunden ist. A first object of the invention is the use of a double-sided adhesive tape for sealing a connection of two components caused by a pin-type connecting element, wherein the pin-like connecting element has a head located on one side of the connection and a counterpart with the pin-like on the opposite side of the connection Connecting element is connected.
Unter einem„stiftartigen Verbindungselement" wird ein übliches, zur festen Verbindung von Bauteilen einsetzbares Hilfsmittel mit stiftartiger Gestalt verstanden. Material und Gestalt des stiftartigen Verbindungselements sind grundsätzlich beliebig. Das stiftartige Verbindungselement weist erfindungsgemäß einen„Kopf" auf. Darunter wird verstanden, dass ein Ende des stiftartigen Verbindungselements gegenüber jedem anderen Abschnitt des freiliegenden Schafts des stiftartigen Verbindungselements verbreitert ist. Das stiftartige Verbindungselement kann einstückig gestaltet sein, so dass Schaft und Kopf unmittelbar ineinander übergehen. „Einstückig" bedeutet, dass das Gesamtgebilde aus Kopf und Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements aus einem einzigen Stück besteht. Der Kopf kann jedoch auch ein vom Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements verschiedenes Teil sein, das mit dem Schaft fest verbunden ist. A "pin-like connecting element" is understood to mean a conventional pin-type aid which can be used for the fixed connection of components The material and shape of the pin-like connecting element are in principle arbitrary. By this is meant that one end of the pin-like connecting element is widened with respect to each other portion of the exposed shaft of the pin-like connecting element. The pin-like connecting element can be designed in one piece so that the shaft and head merge directly into one another. "Integral" means that the overall structure of the head and shaft of the pin-like connecting element consists of a single piece, but the head may also be a part other than the shaft of the pin-like connecting element which is fixedly connected to the shaft.
Bevorzugt weist der Kopf des stiftartigen Verbindungselements an seiner Unterseite (also an seiner dem Bauteil zugewandten Seite) eine den Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements umgebende und an dessen Rand angrenzende, makroskopisch ebene Fläche auf, wobei die von dieser Fläche aufgespannte Ebene im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des stiftartigen Verbindungselements angeordnet ist. Die Ebenheit der Fläche ermöglicht eine besonders effiziente Handhabung des abdichtenden Klebebandes bei der Herstellung der Verbindung zweier Bauteile. Ebenfalls bevorzugt beträgt innerhalb dieser Fläche der kürzeste Abstand vom äußeren Rand des Kopfes bis zum Schaft mindestens 1 mm. Ein derartiger Abstand hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, um eine ausgezeichnete Abdichtung der Verbindung zu bewirken. The head of the pin-like connecting element preferably has on its underside (ie on its side facing the component) a macroscopically flat surface surrounding the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjacent to its edge, the plane defined by this surface being substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element is arranged. The flatness of the surface allows a particularly efficient handling of the sealing adhesive tape in the production of the connection between two components. Also preferably within this area the shortest distance from the outer edge of the head to the shaft is at least 1 mm. Such a distance has proven to be particularly advantageous to effect an excellent sealing of the connection.
Unter dem „Gegenstück" wird eine Komponente der erfindungsgemäß bewirkten Verbindung zweier Bauteile verstanden, die komplementär zum stiftartigen Verbindungselement ist und dieses auf der dem Kopf gegenüber liegenden Seite der Verbindung fixiert. Es ist erfindungsgemäß möglich, dass das Gesamtgebilde aus Kopf und Schaft des stiftförmigen Verbindungselements sowie dem Gegenstück aus einem einzigen Stück besteht, also einstückig ist. Dies ist zum Beispiel dann gegeben, wenn es sich bei dem stiftartigen Verbindungselement um einen Niet handelt. Es ist erfindungsgemäß ebenso möglich, dass das stiftartige Verbindungselement und das Gegenstück zueinander komplementäre, gleichwohl aber verschiedene und vereinzelbare Komponenten sind. The "counterpart" is understood to mean a component of the connection according to the invention between two components which is complementary to the pin-like one Connecting element is and this fixed on the head opposite side of the connection. It is inventively possible that the overall structure of the head and shaft of the pin-shaped connecting element and the counterpart consists of a single piece, that is in one piece. This is the case, for example, when the pin-type connecting element is a rivet. It is also possible according to the invention that the pin-like connecting element and the counterpart are complementary to each other, but nevertheless different and separable components.
Auch das Gegenstück bewirkt eine Verbreiterung des mit ihm versehenen Abschnitts des stiftartigen Verbindungselements gegenüber jedem anderen Abschnitt des freiliegenden Schafts des stiftartigen Verbindungselements. Also, the counterpart causes a broadening provided with him portion of the pin-like connecting element with respect to each other portion of the exposed shaft of the pin-like connecting element.
Bevorzugt weist das Gegenstück an seiner dem Bauteil zugewandten Seite eine den Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements umgebende und an dessen Rand angrenzende, makroskopisch ebene Fläche auf, wobei die von dieser Fläche aufgespannte Ebene im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des stiftartigen Verbindungselements angeordnet ist. Ebenfalls bevorzugt beträgt innerhalb dieser Fläche der kürzeste Abstand vom äußeren Rand des Gegenstücks bis zum Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements mindestens 1 mm. The counterpart preferably has, on its side facing the component, a macroscopically flat surface which surrounds the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjoins its edge, the plane defined by this surface being arranged essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element. Also preferably within this area, the shortest distance from the outer edge of the counterpart to the shaft of the pin-like connecting element is at least 1 mm.
Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dem stiftartigen Verbindungselement um eine Schraube mit Schraubenkopf und bei dem Gegenstück um eine zu der Schraube komplementäre Mutter. Schraube und Mutter können grundsätzlich aus einem beliebigen Material und von beliebiger Gestalt sein, sofern der Zweck der Verbindung zweier Bauteile damit erfüllt werden kann. Bei der Mutter handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine Hutmutter. The pin-type connecting element is particularly preferably a screw with a screw head and the counterpart is a nut complementary to the screw. Screw and nut can basically be made of any material and of any shape, provided that the purpose of the connection of two components can be met. The mother is preferably a cap nut.
Die Schraube ist bevorzugt einstückig. Ebenfalls bevorzugt beträgt die Breite des Schraubenkopfes um den Schaft der Schraube herum, also der Abstand des äußeren Randes des Schraubenkopfes vom Schaft der Schraube, mindestens 1 mm. Die Unterseite des Schraubenkopfes ist vorzugsweise eine makroskopisch ebene Fläche, die darüber hinaus vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des Schraubenschafts angeordnet ist. The screw is preferably in one piece. Also preferably, the width of the screw head around the shaft of the screw around, so the distance of the outer edge of the screw head from the shaft of the screw, at least 1 mm. The underside of the screw head is preferably a macroscopically flat surface which, moreover, is preferably arranged essentially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the screw shaft.
Die Breite der Randflächen der Mutter, also der Abstand eines auf dem inneren Rand der Mutter gelegenen Punktes zu einem auf dem äußeren Rand der Mutter gelegenen Punkt, wobei die beiden Punkte auf einer gedachten Linie liegen, die vom Mittelpunkt der Mutter nach außen führt, beträgt bevorzugt mindestens 1 mm. Mindestens die bei der Anwendung substratseitige Fläche der Mutter ist bevorzugt makroskopisch eben. Sie ist vorzugsweise im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des Schraubenschafts angeordnet. The width of the edge surfaces of the nut, ie the distance between a point located on the inner edge of the nut and a point located on the outer edge of the nut, wherein the two points lie on an imaginary line leading from the center of the nut to the outside, is preferably at least 1 mm. At least the substrate-side surface of the nut during application is preferably macroscopic. It is preferably arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the screw shaft.
Die Abdichtung der herzustellenden Verbindung zweier Bauteile wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein doppelseitiges Klebeband bewirkt. Unter der„Abdichtung der Verbindung zweier Bauteile" wird die Abdichtung jeder sich aus einer derartigen Konstruktion ergebenden Fuge verstanden, das heißt sowohl die Abdichtung der Fuge zwischen den beiden Bauteilen selbst als auch die Abdichtung einer der Fugen zwischen den Bauteilen und den Bestandteilen des stiftartigen Verbindungselements oder des Gegenstücks. The sealing of the connection of two components to be produced is effected according to the invention by a double-sided adhesive tape. By "sealing the connection between two components" is meant the sealing of each joint resulting from such a construction, that is to say both the sealing of the joint between the two components themselves and the sealing of one of the joints between the components and the components of the pin-like connection element or its counterpart.
Bevorzugt steht dabei zumindest ein Teil des Klebebands mit zumindest einem Teil des stiftartigen Verbindungselements und/oder des Gegenstücks unmittelbar in Kontakt. „Unmittelbar in Kontakt stehen" bedeutet, dass das doppelseitige Klebeband und das Verbindungselement beziehungsweise das Gegenstück unmittelbar, also ohne eine weitere dazwischen befindliche Schicht eines anderen Materials, aneinander grenzen. Preferably, at least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the pin-like connecting element and / or the counterpart. "Immediately in contact" means that the double-sided adhesive tape and the connecting element or the counterpart immediately, ie without another intervening layer of another material, adjacent to each other.
Besonders bevorzugt steht zumindest ein Teil des Klebebands mit zumindest einem Teil des Schafts und des Kopfes des stiftartigen Verbindungselements oder mit zumindest einem Teil des Schafts des stiftartigen Verbindungselements und zumindest einem Teil des Gegenstücks unmittelbar in Kontakt. Particularly preferably, at least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the shaft and the head of the pin-like connecting element or with at least part of the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and at least part of the counterpart.
Das Klebeband ist bevorzugt zumindest zum Teil in dem Spalt zwischen einem der zu verbindenden Bauteile und dem Kopf des stiftartigen Verbindungselements oder in dem Spalt zwischen dem anderen Bauteil und dem Gegenstück angeordnet; insbesondere füllt das Klebeband den jeweiligen Spalt im Wesentlichen vollständig aus.„Im Wesentlichen ausfüllen" bedeutet dabei, dass anwendungsbedingte Luftblaseneinschlüsse in der Verklebungsgrenzfläche oder anwendungsbedingte Einschlüsse anderer Materialien in im Sinne der Anwendung vernachlässigbarer Menge unbeachtlich sind. The adhesive tape is preferably arranged at least partially in the gap between one of the components to be connected and the head of the pin-like connecting element or in the gap between the other component and the counterpart; In particular, the adhesive tape substantially completely fills the respective gap. "Completely filling in" means that application-related inclusion of bubbles in the bond interface or application-related inclusions of other materials are negligible in terms of application of negligible amount.
Ebenfalls bevorzugt ist zumindest ein Abschnitt entlang der Längsachse des Schafts des stiftartigen Verbindungselements vollständig und unmittelbar von dem Klebeband umgeben. Dies bedeutet, dass das Klebeband im betreffenden Abschnitt des Schafts diesen vollumfänglich und unmittelbar an ihn angrenzend umgibt. Unter einem„doppelseitigen Klebeband" wird ein beidseitig selbstklebend, also mit einer Haftklebemasse als jeweils äußerer Schicht, ausgerüstetes Klebeband verstanden. Diese Haftklebemasse kann dabei Naturkautschuk-, Synthesekautschuk- oder Poly(meth)acrylat-basiert sein oder eine andere Basis aufweisen; bevorzugt ist die Haftklebemasse Poly(meth)acrylat-basiert. Insbesondere ist der gewichtsbezogene Hauptbestandteil der Haftklebemasse, also der Bestandteil mit dem höchsten Gewichtsanteil, Poly(meth)acrylat. Der Begriff „Poly(meth)acrylat" beschreibt hierbei ein Polymer, dessen zugrunde liegenden Monomere zu einem wesentlichen Anteil, bevorzugt zu mehr als 50 %, von Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure, Acrylsäureestern und/oder Methacrylsäureestern gebildet werden. Insbesondere sind Acrylsäureester und/oder Methacrylsäureester zwingende Bestandteile der Monomerbasis des Poly(meth)acrylats. Also preferably, at least a portion along the longitudinal axis of the shaft of the pin-like connecting element is completely and directly surrounded by the adhesive tape. This means that the adhesive tape in the relevant section of the shaft surrounds it completely and immediately adjacent to it. A "double-sided adhesive tape" is understood as meaning an adhesive tape provided on both sides with a pressure-sensitive adhesive as outer layer, in which case it can be natural rubber, synthetic rubber or poly (meth) acrylate-based or have a different base; In particular, the weight-related main constituent of the PSA, ie the constituent with the highest proportion by weight, is poly (meth) acrylate. The term "poly (meth) acrylate" here describes a polymer, its underlying monomers to a substantial proportion, preferably more than 50%, of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters are formed. In particular, acrylic acid esters and / or methacrylic acid esters are compulsory constituents of the monomer base of the poly (meth) acrylate.
Das Klebeband enthält bevorzugt eine geschäumte Schicht. Diese geschäumte Schicht kann selbst eine Haftklebemasse sein und somit bereits das doppelseitige Klebeband bilden. Die geschäumte Schicht kann aber auch als Trägermaterial, als sogenanntes „Backing", fungieren, und an ihrer Ober- und Unterseite jeweils eine Schicht einer Haftklebemasse aufweisen. Die geschäumte Schicht kann beispielsweise Polyurethan-, Polyethylen- oder Poly(meth)acrylat-basiert sein. Bevorzugt ist die geschäumte Schicht Poly(meth)acrylat-basiert im Sinne des vorstehenden Absatzes. Insbesondere ist der gewichtsbezogene Hauptbestandteil der geschäumten Schicht (Poly(meth)acrylat. The adhesive tape preferably contains a foamed layer. This foamed layer may itself be a pressure-sensitive adhesive and thus already form the double-sided adhesive tape. The foamed layer can, however, also act as a carrier material, a so-called "backing", and each have a layer of a pressure-sensitive adhesive on its top and bottom The foamed layer can be, for example, polyurethane, polyethylene or poly (meth) acrylate-based Preferably, the foamed layer is poly (meth) acrylate-based within the meaning of the preceding paragraph: In particular, the main component by weight of the foamed layer is poly (meth) acrylate.
Poly(meth)acrylat als Hauptbestandteil sowohl der geschäumten Schicht als auch der Haftklebemassen hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft hinsichtlich seiner Langlebigkeit, seiner Wetterbeständigkeit und seiner Festigkeit erwiesen. In der geschäumten Schicht ergibt es zudem hervorragende Scherfestigkeiten und sehr gute Kompressibilität. Poly (meth) acrylate as the main component of both the foamed layer and the PSAs has been found to be particularly advantageous in terms of longevity, weatherability and strength. In the foamed layer, it also gives excellent shear strength and very good compressibility.
Die Dicke des doppelseitigen Klebebandes beträgt bevorzugt 0,1 mm bis 5 mm. Dieser Dickenbereich hat sich als besonders geeignet erwiesen, um einerseits den Abstand zwischen Bauteil und Kopf beziehungsweise Gegenstück des Verbindungselements optimal auszufüllen und dabei Unebenheiten in den Oberflächen dieser Komponenten auszugleichen und andererseits hohe Klebkräfte zu gewährleisten. Darüber hinaus ergibt sich in diesem Dickenbereich eine nur geringe Deformation bei Verdrehungen oder Verschiebungen zwischen den Bauteilen und dem Verbindungselement beziehungsweise dem Gegenstück. Bei der bevorzugten Verwendung zur Abdichtung einer mit einem Schraube-Mutter-System bewirkten Verbindung zweier Bauteile kann die Mutter mit dem Klebeband auf einem mit einem Loch für die Schraube versehenen Bauteil fixiert werden, und die Schraube kann dann mit einem bestimmten Drehmoment ohne zusätzliche Fixierung angezogen werden. Die Anwendung ist auch umgekehrt denkbar; dementsprechend würde die Schraube fixiert und die Mutter aufgezogen. Das Klebeband kann sowohl zunächst an der Schraube und/oder an der Mutter befestigt werden als auch zunächst am Substrat. The thickness of the double-sided adhesive tape is preferably 0.1 mm to 5 mm. This thickness range has proven to be particularly suitable, on the one hand to optimally fill the distance between the component and the head or counterpart of the connecting element and thereby compensate for unevenness in the surfaces of these components and on the other hand to ensure high bond strengths. In addition, results in this thickness range only a small deformation in torsions or displacements between the components and the connecting element or the counterpart. In the preferred use for sealing a screw-nut system caused connection of two components, the mother can be fixed with the adhesive tape on a provided with a hole for the screw component, and the screw can then be tightened with a certain torque without additional fixation become. The application is also conceivable vice versa; Accordingly, the screw would be fixed and raised the mother. The adhesive tape can be attached first to the screw and / or to the nut as well as first to the substrate.
Besonders bevorzugt wird das doppelseitige Klebeband zwischen Schraubenkopf und Substrat angebracht. Vorzugsweise wird das Klebeband zunächst auf dem Substrat ausgebracht; anschließend wird die Schraube eingesetzt und unter Druckanwendung gegen das Klebeband gepresst. Beim nachfolgenden Befestigen der Mutter sollte der Schraubenkopf, vorzugsweise durch Verwendung eines Schraubenschlüssels, in Position gehalten werden, um ein Verdrehen bzw. Überdehnen des Klebebandes zu vermeiden. Particularly preferably, the double-sided adhesive tape is applied between the screw head and the substrate. Preferably, the adhesive tape is first applied to the substrate; then the screw is inserted and pressed under pressure against the tape. During the subsequent fastening of the nut, the screw head should be held in position, preferably by using a wrench, in order to avoid twisting or overstretching of the adhesive tape.
Die Auflagefläche des Klebebandes am Schraubenkopf bzw. an der Mutter beträgt bevorzugt mindestens 2 cm2. The contact surface of the adhesive tape on the screw head or on the nut is preferably at least 2 cm 2 .
Zum Zwecke der Verbindung der Bauteile mittels eines stiftartigen Verbindungselements weist das doppelseitige Klebeband vorzugsweise ein Loch mit einem Durchmesser von 100 bis 80 %, besonders bevorzugt von < 100 bis 80 % des Schaftdurchmessers des stiftartigen Verbindungselements auf. Mit Lochdurchmessern von weniger als 100 % des Schaftdurchmessers werden die elastischen Eigenschaftsanteile des Klebebandes vorteilhaft ausgenutzt, um die Dichtungswirkung zu verstärken. For the purpose of connecting the components by means of a pin-like connecting element, the double-sided adhesive tape preferably has a hole with a diameter of 100 to 80%, particularly preferably <100 to 80% of the shaft diameter of the pin-like connecting element. With hole diameters of less than 100% of the shaft diameter, the elastic properties of the adhesive tape are advantageously utilized to enhance the sealing effect.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung, welche zwei mittels eines stiftartigen Verbindungselements verbundene Bauteile umfasst, wobei das stiftartige Verbindungselement einen auf einer Seite der Verbindung befindlichen Kopf aufweist und auf der dem Kopf gegenüberliegenden Seite der Verbindung ein Gegenstück mit dem stiftartigen Verbindungselement verbunden ist und wobei die durch das stiftartige Verbindungselement bewirkte Verbindung der beiden Bauteile mit einem doppelseitigen Klebeband abgedichtet ist. A further subject of the invention is a device which comprises two components connected by means of a pin-like connecting element, wherein the pin-like connecting element has a head located on one side of the connection and on the side opposite the head of the connection a counterpart is connected to the pin-like connecting element and wherein the connection of the two components caused by the pin-like connecting element is sealed with a double-sided adhesive tape.
Bevorzugt enthält das Klebeband der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung eine geschäumte Schicht. Ebenfalls bevorzugt weist das Klebeband eine Dicke von 0,1 bis 5 mm auf. The adhesive tape of the device according to the invention preferably contains a foamed layer. Also preferably, the adhesive tape has a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm.
Der gewichtsbezogene Hauptbestandteil des Klebebandes der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist bevorzugt Poly(meth)acrylat. The weight-related main component of the adhesive tape of the device according to the invention is preferably poly (meth) acrylate.
Bevorzugt steht zumindest ein Teil des Klebebands mit zumindest einem Teil des stiftartigen Verbindungselements und/oder des Gegenstücks unmittelbar in Kontakt. Preferably, at least part of the adhesive tape is in direct contact with at least part of the pin-like connecting element and / or the counterpart.
Ferner ist bevorzugt das Klebeband zumindest zum Teil in dem Spalt zwischen einem der zu verbindenden Bauteile und dem Kopf des stiftartigen Verbindungselements oder in dem Spalt zwischen dem anderen Bauteil und dem Gegenstück angeordnet. Furthermore, the adhesive tape is preferably arranged at least partially in the gap between one of the components to be connected and the head of the pin-like connecting element or in the gap between the other component and the counterpart.
Das stiftartige Verbindungselement ist bevorzugt einstückig. The pin-like connecting element is preferably in one piece.
Bevorzugt weist der Kopf des stiftartigen Verbindungselements an seiner Unterseite eine den Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements umgebende und an dessen Rand angrenzende, makroskopisch ebene Fläche auf, wobei die von dieser Fläche aufgespannte Ebene im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des stiftartigen Verbindungselements angeordnet ist. Besonders bevorzugt beträgt innerhalb dieser Fläche der kürzeste Abstand vom äußeren Rand des Kopfes bis zum Schaft mindestens 1 mm. The head of the pin-like connecting element preferably has on its underside a macroscopically flat surface surrounding the shaft of the pin-like connecting element and adjoining its edge, the plane defined by this surface being arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element. Within this area, the shortest distance from the outer edge of the head to the shaft is particularly preferably at least 1 mm.
Ebenfalls bevorzugt weist das Gegenstück an seiner dem Bauteil zugewandten Seite eine den Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements umgebende und an dessen Rand angrenzende, makroskopisch ebene Fläche auf, wobei die von dieser Fläche aufgespannte Ebene im Wesentlichen orthogonal zur Längsachse des stiftartigen Verbindungselements angeordnet ist. Besonders bevorzugt beträgt innerhalb dieser Fläche der kürzeste Abstand vom äußeren Rand des Gegenstücks bis zum Schaft des stiftartigen Verbindungselements mindestens 1 mm. Also preferably, the counterpart on its side facing the component on the shaft of the pin-like connecting element surrounding and adjacent to the edge, macroscopically flat surface, wherein the plane spanned by this surface is arranged substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the pin-like connecting element. Within this area, the shortest distance from the outer edge of the counterpart to the shaft of the pin-like connecting element is particularly preferably at least 1 mm.
Bevorzugt ist das stiftartige Verbindungselement eine Schraube mit Schraubenkopf und das Gegenstück eine zu der Schraube komplementäre Mutter. Preferably, the pin-like connecting element is a screw with screw head and the counterpart is complementary to the screw nut.
Das doppelseitige Klebeband weist ein Loch mit einem Durchmesser von 100 bis 80 % des Schaftdurchmessers des stiftartigen Verbindungselements auf. Ausführungsbeispiel: The double-sided adhesive tape has a hole with a diameter of 100 to 80% of the shaft diameter of the pin-like connecting element. Embodiment:
Zum Nachweis der Abdichtung einer mittels eines Schraube-Mutter-Systems bewirkten Verbindung zweier Bauteile wurden die miteinander verbundenen Bauteile in einem Wasserbad gelagert und die Anordnung auf einen Austritt von Wasser hin untersucht. Die Versuche fanden bei Raumtemperatur statt. To prove the sealing of a connection between two components effected by means of a screw-nut system, the interconnected components were stored in a water bath and the arrangement was examined for leakage of water. The experiments took place at room temperature.
Die Ausführungsbeispiele werden nachstehend anhand der Figur 1 erläutert. The embodiments will be explained below with reference to FIG.
Figur 1 zeigt einen Wasserbehälter 1 aus Kunststoff, in dessen Boden eine Aussparung 2 durch Aussägen erzeugt wurde. Figure 1 shows a water tank 1 made of plastic, in the bottom of a recess 2 was produced by sawing.
Die zu verbindenden Substrate waren zwei Aluminiumplatten, die je vier Löcher mit einem Durchmesser von 8 mm aufwiesen. Die größere Aluminiumplatte 3 wurde mit quadratischen doppelseitigen Klebebändern 4 (16 mm x 16 mm) versehen, die in ihrem Zentrum ein Loch mit einem Durchmesser von 7 mm aufwiesen. Die Klebebänder 4 wurden so auf die Aluminiumplatte 3 aufgebracht, dass ihre Löcher sich jeweils zentriert über den Löchern der Aluminiumplatte 3 befanden. The substrates to be joined were two aluminum plates each having four 8 mm diameter holes. The larger aluminum plate 3 was provided with square double-sided adhesive tapes 4 (16 mm x 16 mm) having a hole with a diameter of 7 mm in its center. The adhesive tapes 4 were applied to the aluminum plate 3 so that their holes were centered over the holes of the aluminum plate 3, respectively.
Die Aluminiumplatte 3 wurde dann so über die Aussparung 2 des Wasserbehälters gelegt, dass die Klebebänder nach unten wiesen. Die Grenzfläche zwischen Aluminiumplatte und Wasserbehälter wurde mit einem gleichartigen Klebeband wie dem auf die Aluminiumplatte aufgebrachten abgedichtet. Diese Abdichtung war wasserdicht, ist aber in der Figur 1 nicht berücksichtigt. Die Platte wurde über 72 h mit einem Gewicht entsprechend 10 N/cm2 belastet. The aluminum plate 3 was then placed over the recess 2 of the water tank so that the adhesive tapes faced down. The interface between the aluminum plate and the water container was sealed with a similar adhesive tape as that applied to the aluminum plate. This seal was waterproof, but is not considered in the figure 1. The plate was loaded for 72 h with a weight corresponding to 10 N / cm 2 .
Anschließend wurde die kleinere Aluminiumplatte 5 mit der größeren Aluminiumplatte 3 verbunden, indem die Löcher der Platte 5 mit denen der Platte 3 zur Deckung gebracht wurden und von unten die Schrauben 6 eingebracht wurden, deren Köpfe 7 für einige Minuten gegen die Klebebänder gepresst wurden. Die Verbindung wurde dann durch Aufbringen von Unterlegscheiben 8 und Hutmuttern 9 auf die freiliegenden Enden der Schrauben fixiert. Subsequently, the smaller aluminum plate 5 was joined to the larger aluminum plate 3 by making the holes of the plate 5 coincide with those of the plate 3 and inserting from below the screws 6 whose heads 7 were pressed against the adhesive tapes for a few minutes. The connection was then fixed by applying washers 8 and cap nuts 9 to the exposed ends of the screws.
Der Behälter 1 wurde bis zu einer Höhe von 22,5 cm mit Wasser gefüllt. Unter dem Container wurden Papierlagen ausgebracht, um einen Durchtritt von Wasser detektieren zu können. Die verwendeten Klebebänder waren die Produkte tesa® ACXplus 7063 und tesa® ACXplus 7074. In beiden Fällen wurde kein Durchtritt von Wasser beobachtet. The container 1 was filled with water up to a height of 22.5 cm. Under the container paper layers were applied to detect a passage of water can. The adhesive tapes used were the products tesa ® 7063 and tesa ® ACXplus ACXplus 7074. In both cases, no passage of water was observed.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14724418.0A EP3004667A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-14 | Sealing of a connection of two components established by means of a pin-like connecting element |
| JP2016514329A JP2016518574A (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-14 | Sealing mechanism of the connecting part of two members obtained by a pin-like connecting element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE201310209671 DE102013209671A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Sealing a caused by a pin-like connection element connection of two components |
| DE102013209671.2 | 2013-05-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2014187706A1 true WO2014187706A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
Family
ID=50732164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2014/059818 Ceased WO2014187706A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2014-05-14 | Sealing of a connection of two components established by means of a pin-like connecting element |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3004667A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2016518574A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102013209671A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014187706A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6233889B1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-05-22 | Construction Fasteners, Inc. | Ventilated roof membrane plate and method of installing membrane roof utilizing same |
| US20010022926A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-20 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Bolting structure for magnesium alloy member |
| US20060239797A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Evanbar Michael S | Pre-formed elastomeric fastener adhesive device and method of installation |
| WO2007145833A2 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-21 | Nd Industries, Inc. | Fibrous microencapsulated washer for fasteners |
| CA2608169A1 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-06 | Jeffery K. Johnson | Method and apparatus for attaching a supported addition to a finished building |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52106763U (en) * | 1976-02-12 | 1977-08-13 | ||
| JPS57137710A (en) * | 1981-08-27 | 1982-08-25 | Nakamatsu Yoshiro | Pressure sensitive free film washer |
| JPH11257326A (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-21 | Owari Precise Products Co Ltd | Bolts and nuts |
| JP2002242199A (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-28 | Sekisui House Ltd | Foundation anchor bolt |
| DE20306687U1 (en) * | 2003-04-29 | 2004-09-02 | Iso-Chemie Gmbh | sealing tape |
| JP5763009B2 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2015-08-12 | 日東電工株式会社 | gasket |
| DE102010038429A1 (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-01-26 | Tesa Se | Adhesive seal |
| JP5688263B2 (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2015-03-25 | 日本ドライブイット株式会社 | Metal waterproof washer |
-
2013
- 2013-05-24 DE DE201310209671 patent/DE102013209671A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2014
- 2014-05-14 WO PCT/EP2014/059818 patent/WO2014187706A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-14 EP EP14724418.0A patent/EP3004667A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-14 JP JP2016514329A patent/JP2016518574A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010022926A1 (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-20 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Bolting structure for magnesium alloy member |
| US6233889B1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-05-22 | Construction Fasteners, Inc. | Ventilated roof membrane plate and method of installing membrane roof utilizing same |
| US20060239797A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Evanbar Michael S | Pre-formed elastomeric fastener adhesive device and method of installation |
| WO2007145833A2 (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2007-12-21 | Nd Industries, Inc. | Fibrous microencapsulated washer for fasteners |
| CA2608169A1 (en) * | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-06 | Jeffery K. Johnson | Method and apparatus for attaching a supported addition to a finished building |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2016518574A (en) | 2016-06-23 |
| EP3004667A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
| DE102013209671A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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