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WO2014178330A1 - Méthode de pilotage de dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique et dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique - Google Patents

Méthode de pilotage de dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique et dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014178330A1
WO2014178330A1 PCT/JP2014/061604 JP2014061604W WO2014178330A1 WO 2014178330 A1 WO2014178330 A1 WO 2014178330A1 JP 2014061604 W JP2014061604 W JP 2014061604W WO 2014178330 A1 WO2014178330 A1 WO 2014178330A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
driving
gradation
display
pixels
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2014/061604
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
正史 阪上
藤沢　清志
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Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2013095224A external-priority patent/JP2014215584A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2013095223A external-priority patent/JP2014215583A/ja
Application filed by Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd
Publication of WO2014178330A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014178330A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0202—Addressing of scan or signal lines
    • G09G2310/0205—Simultaneous scanning of several lines in flat panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/06—Details of flat display driving waveforms
    • G09G2310/061—Details of flat display driving waveforms for resetting or blanking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrophoretic display device driving method and an electrophoretic display device that reversibly change a visual state by the action of an electric field or the like.
  • An electrophoretic display device that forms an image with electrophoretic display ink is known as a display device suitable for electronic paper.
  • display pixels are arranged in a matrix, and electrophoretic display ink is sealed in each display pixel and a pair of electrodes is provided.
  • a pixel signal is supplied from the data line driving circuit to one electrode (pixel electrode) of each display pixel via the data line and the TFT, and the pixel signal (driving voltage) is applied to the electrophoretic display ink of each display pixel.
  • a scanning signal is supplied from the scanning line driving circuit to the TFT of each display pixel (pixel electrode) through the scanning line.
  • the scanning signal is a signal (pulse signal) composed of a rectangular wave voltage, and each scanning line turns on the TFT for a period of the pulse width and applies the pixel signal to the pixel electrode. Only while the scanning line is selected (TFT on period), the potential difference between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is applied to each display pixel as a driving voltage.
  • the electrophoretic display device it is possible to improve the image quality (contrast and the like) by driving the electrophoretic display ink of each pixel at a higher voltage. For this reason, in a panel using switching elements, a method of applying a larger driving voltage by changing the common electrode potential is adopted (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • the present invention has been made in view of such problems, and drives an electrophoretic display device capable of simultaneously improving display performance such as contrast and reflectance and improving precision gradation display performance. It is an object to provide a method and an electrophoretic display device.
  • An electrophoretic display device driving method includes a pair of substrates, at least one of which is light transmissive, a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix on the substrate surface of one of the substrates, and the other substrate.
  • a common electrode disposed on the substrate surface so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes, an electrophoretic display ink enclosed between the substrates and made of at least one or two or more types of electrophoretic particles, and the pixel electrodes arranged for each row
  • a first driving circuit that individually supplies pixel signals to a plurality of data lines connected to the plurality of data lines, and a pixel circuit that is provided on each of the plurality of data lines and that is supplied to the data lines in an on state.
  • a driving method of an electrophoretic display device comprising a plurality of storage capacitors connected in parallel between each pixel electrode and the common electrode, wherein all the electrodes are driven by a common swing that changes the potential of the common electrode.
  • the same display driving step for setting all pixels to the same display state, and the potential of the common electrode is fixed to an intermediate potential of the potential applied to the common electrode by common swing, and a plurality of data lines corresponding to the target pixel are provided.
  • a first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode, and a second voltage V2 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal.
  • a common swing is applied, which includes applying a driving voltage to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines and changing all the pixels to the first display state to bring all the pixels into the same display state. May be.
  • a first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode, and a second voltage V2 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal.
  • a common swing may be applied that includes driving the plurality of scanning lines sequentially to repeat one or a plurality of frames to bring all pixels into the same display state.
  • the same display driving step for all pixels is performed in a state where a first voltage V1 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal and a second voltage V2 is applied to the common electrode.
  • a first application operation for applying a driving voltage to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines to change all the pixels to the first display state, and each data using the second voltage V2 as a pixel signal.
  • a driving voltage is applied to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines in a state where the first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode while applying the first voltage V1 to the common electrode.
  • a common swing may be applied including a series of operations in which a second application operation for changing to a different second display state is continuously performed as one set, and repeating this series of operations one or more sets. .
  • the same display driving step for all pixels is performed in a state where a first voltage V1 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal and a second voltage V2 is applied to the common electrode.
  • a first application operation for sequentially scanning the plurality of scanning lines to change all pixels to a first display state; and applying the second voltage V2 to the data lines as a pixel signal;
  • the plurality of scanning lines are sequentially scanned to continuously perform a second application operation for changing all pixels to a second display state different from the first display state.
  • a common swing including repeating a series of operations as one set or a plurality of sets may be applied.
  • the gray scale display driving step includes a step of driving the target pixel repeatedly with a driving voltage of the first polarity and changing the target pixel to a desired gray scale while the first target pixel is applied to the target pixel.
  • a driving voltage having a second polarity opposite to the polarity may be applied.
  • the gradation display driving step includes dividing the number of scans necessary for expressing the gradation into several blocks separated by a pause period corresponding to one frame or a plurality of frames.
  • the target pixel may be scanned in units of blocks.
  • the pixel electrode of the target pixel and the common electrode may be sequentially short-circuited in the pause period between the blocks.
  • the pixel electrodes of the target pixel may be sequentially opened in the pause period between the blocks.
  • the target pixel has the first polarity in the middle of changing the gradation by repeatedly driving the target pixel with the driving voltage having the first polarity in one of the blocks.
  • a drive voltage having the second polarity in the reverse direction may be applied.
  • the stop step may be short-circuited to the target pixel electrode with the same potential as the common electrode after the target pixel reaches a desired gradation.
  • the stop step may sequentially short-circuit between the pixel electrode and the common electrode of all the pixels after all the pixels reach a desired gradation.
  • the stop step may simultaneously short-circuit between the pixel electrode and the common electrode of all the pixels after all the pixels reach a desired gradation.
  • a pause period may be provided between the gradation display drive step and the stop step.
  • An electrophoretic display device driving method includes a pair of substrates, at least one of which is light transmissive, a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix on the substrate surface of one of the substrates, and the other substrate.
  • a common electrode disposed on the substrate surface so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes, an electrophoretic display ink enclosed between the substrates and made of at least one or two or more types of electrophoretic particles, and the pixel electrodes arranged for each row
  • a first driving circuit that individually supplies pixel signals to a plurality of data lines connected to the plurality of data lines, and a pixel circuit that is provided on each of the plurality of data lines and that is supplied to the data lines in an on state.
  • a driving method of an electrophoretic display device comprising a plurality of storage capacitors connected in parallel between each pixel electrode and the common electrode, wherein all the electrodes are driven by a common swing that changes the potential of the common electrode.
  • the same display driving step for setting all pixels to the same display state, and the potential of the common electrode is fixed to an intermediate potential of the potential applied to the common electrode by common swing, and a plurality of data lines corresponding to the target pixel are provided.
  • a gradation display driving step for controlling the number of scans so that the target pixel has a desired gradation in a state where the pixel signal is applied, and after the target pixel reaches the desired gradation, the pixel of the target pixel And a stop step of opening the electrode.
  • a first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode, and a second voltage V2 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal.
  • a common swing is applied, which includes applying a driving voltage to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines and changing all the pixels to the first display state to bring all the pixels into the same display state. May be.
  • a first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode, and a second voltage V2 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal.
  • a common swing may be applied that includes driving the plurality of scanning lines sequentially to repeat one or a plurality of frames to bring all pixels into the same display state.
  • the same display driving step for all pixels is performed in a state where a first voltage V1 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal and a second voltage V2 is applied to the common electrode.
  • a first application operation for applying a driving voltage to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines to change all the pixels to the first display state, and each data using the second voltage V2 as a pixel signal.
  • a driving voltage is applied to all the pixels at once using the plurality of scanning lines in a state where the first voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode while applying the first voltage V1 to the common electrode.
  • a common swing may be applied including a series of operations in which a second application operation for changing to a different second display state is continuously performed as one set, and repeating this series of operations one or more sets. .
  • the same display driving step for all pixels is performed in a state where a first voltage V1 is applied to each data line as a pixel signal and a second voltage V2 is applied to the common electrode.
  • a first application operation for sequentially scanning the plurality of scanning lines to change all pixels to a first display state; and applying the second voltage V2 to the data lines as a pixel signal;
  • the plurality of scanning lines are sequentially scanned to continuously perform a second application operation for changing all pixels to a second display state different from the first display state.
  • a common swing including repeating a series of operations as one set or a plurality of sets may be applied.
  • the gray scale display driving step includes a step of driving the target pixel repeatedly with a driving voltage of the first polarity and changing the target pixel to a desired gray scale while the first target pixel is applied to the target pixel.
  • a driving voltage having a second polarity opposite to the polarity may be applied.
  • the gradation display driving step includes dividing the number of scans necessary for expressing the gradation into several blocks separated by a pause period corresponding to one frame or a plurality of frames.
  • the target pixel may be scanned in units of blocks.
  • the pixel electrode of the target pixel and the common electrode may be sequentially short-circuited in the pause period between the blocks.
  • the pixel electrodes of the target pixel may be sequentially opened in the pause period between the blocks.
  • the target pixel has the first polarity in the middle of changing the gradation by repeatedly driving the target pixel with the driving voltage having the first polarity in one of the blocks.
  • a drive voltage having the second polarity in the reverse direction may be applied.
  • an erasure drive may be performed to prevent an afterimage phenomenon in which the currently displayed image appears blurry after the next image is written.
  • This afterimage erasing drive may be performed by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines using the above-mentioned common swing, or may be performed by sequential selection of scanning lines. Further, it may be realized by such driving without using the common swing. In addition, any means other than these may be used as long as the driving can prevent the afterimage phenomenon.
  • An electrophoretic display device includes a pair of substrates, at least one of which is light transmissive, a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix on the substrate surface of one of the substrates, and a substrate surface of the other substrate.
  • a common electrode disposed opposite to the plurality of pixel electrodes, an electrophoretic display ink sealed between the substrates, in which one or more types of electrophoretic particles are dispersed, and the pixel electrodes are connected for each row.
  • a first driving circuit for individually supplying pixel signals to the plurality of data lines; and the pixels corresponding to the pixel signals provided on the plurality of data lines and supplied to the data lines in the ON state, respectively.
  • an electrophoretic display device capable of simultaneously improving display performance such as contrast and reflectance and improving precision gradation display performance and further extending the life of the display device.
  • a driving method and an electrophoretic display device can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display device according to a first embodiment. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electrical structure of the pixel in the said electrophoretic display device. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the display part in the above-mentioned electrophoretic display device. It is explanatory drawing of the all pixel same display drive step using the common swing by the pulse system by all the scanning line simultaneous selection in the said electrophoretic display device. It is explanatory drawing of the all pixel same display drive step using the common swing by the pulse system by the scanning line sequential selection in the said electrophoretic display device. It is explanatory drawing of the all pixel same display drive step using the common swing by the swing pulse system by all the scanning line sequential selection in the said electrophoretic display device.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an electrophoretic display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electrophoretic display device 1 includes a display unit 2 in which display pixels are arranged in a matrix, a data line driving circuit 3 that supplies pixel signals to the display unit 2, and a rectangular shape on the display unit 2.
  • a scanning line driving circuit 4 for supplying a scanning signal composed of a pulse signal of a wave, a common potential supply circuit 5 for applying a common potential to each display pixel of the display unit 2, and a controller 6 for controlling the operation of the entire apparatus. Configured.
  • the controller 6 controls the data line driving circuit 3, the scanning line driving circuit 4, and the common potential supply circuit 5 to erase the current image and set all pixels to the same display state (all white or all black).
  • the discharging stop step is executed every time one image is displayed.
  • the same display drive step, gradation display drive step, and stop step for all pixels are performed by the pixel signal supplied from the data line drive circuit 3, the scan signal supplied from the scan line drive circuit 4, and the common potential supply circuit. This is realized by a combination of voltages supplied from 5.
  • n data lines X 1 to Xn extending in parallel in the column direction (Y direction) extend from the data line driving circuit 3, and intersect with these data lines from the scanning line driving circuit 4.
  • the m scanning lines Y1 to Ym extend in parallel in the row direction (X direction).
  • display pixels 20 are formed at each intersection where the data lines (X1, X2,... Xn) and the scanning lines (Y1, Y2,... Ym) intersect.
  • the display unit 2 has a plurality of display pixels 20 arranged in a matrix of n rows and m columns.
  • the data line driving circuit 3 supplies pixel signals to the data lines (X1, X2,... Xn) based on the timing signal supplied from the controller 6.
  • the data line driving circuit 3 has a high potential V1 (for example, 15 V), a low potential V2 (for example, ⁇ 15 V), three potentials Vmid (for example, 0 V) that is an intermediate voltage between V1 and V2, and a high impedance state. It is configured to be selectable.
  • the scanning line driving circuit 4 supplies a scanning signal having an arbitrary pulse width simultaneously or sequentially to each scanning line (Y1, Y2,... Ym) based on the timing signal supplied from the controller 6. Thereby, a scanning signal is supplied to the display pixel 20 to be driven. Since a pixel to be subjected to gradation control is selected by the scanning signal, the scanning signal can also be called a selection signal.
  • the common potential Vcom is applied from the common potential supply circuit 5 via the common potential line 11 to each display pixel 20 constituting the display unit 2.
  • the common potential supply circuit 5 includes, as the common potential Vcom, three potentials of a high potential V1 (for example, 15V), a low potential V2 (for example, ⁇ 15V), and Vmid (for example, 0V) that is an intermediate voltage between V1 and V2.
  • the high impedance state can be selected. That is, the common potential supply circuit 5 is configured to be able to select the same voltage as the three voltages V1, V2, and Vmin that the data line driving circuit 3 can select as pixel signals.
  • the controller 6 supplies timing signals such as a clock signal and a start pulse to the data line driving circuit 3, the scanning line driving circuit 4, and the common potential supply circuit 5 to control each circuit.
  • the controller 6 supplies the gradation data of the display target pixel to the data line driving circuit 3 or the common potential supply circuit 5.
  • the data line driving circuit 3 or the common potential supply circuit 5 determines the number of application times of the write pulse and the voltage value according to the gradation data, and synchronizes with the frame scanning (pixel row selection) operation of the scanning line driving circuit 4.
  • a pixel signal or a common potential is supplied to the pixel.
  • FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an electrical configuration of the display pixel 20.
  • positioned at the display part 2 at the matrix form is the same structure, each part which comprises the display pixel 20 attaches
  • the display pixel 20 includes a pixel electrode 21, a common electrode 22, an electrophoretic display ink 23, a pixel switching transistor 24, and a storage capacitor 25.
  • the pixel switching transistor 24 can be configured by, for example, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor).
  • the gate of the pixel switching transistor 24 is electrically connected to the scanning line (Y1, Y2,... Ym) of the corresponding row.
  • the source of the pixel switching transistor 24 is electrically connected to the data line (X1, X2,... Xn) of the corresponding column.
  • the drain of the pixel switching transistor 24 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 21 and the storage capacitor 25.
  • the pixel switching transistor 24 receives the pixel signal supplied from the data line driving circuit 3 via the data lines (X1, X2,... Xn) and the scanning line (Y1, Y2, Y2) of the corresponding row from the scanning line driving circuit 4. ..., Ym), and output to the pixel electrode 21 and the storage capacitor 25 at a timing corresponding
  • a pixel signal is supplied to the pixel electrode 21 from the data line driving circuit 3 through the data lines (X1, X2,... Xn) and the pixel switching transistor 24.
  • the pixel electrode 21 is disposed opposite to the common electrode 22 with the electrophoretic display ink 23 interposed therebetween.
  • the common electrode 22 is electrically connected to the common potential line 11 to which the common potential Vcom is supplied.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 is a liquid material in which at least one type of electrophoretic particles is dispersed, and is held between the electrodes so as not to leak with a sealing material (not shown).
  • the storage capacitor 25 is made up of a pair of electrodes arranged opposite to each other with a dielectric film therebetween, one electrode is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 21 and the pixel switching transistor 24, and the other electrode is connected to the common potential line 11. Electrically connected.
  • the storage capacitor 25 continues to move the electrophoretic particles in a direction corresponding to the drive voltage for a longer time than a predetermined period even after the drive voltage generated between the electrodes of the display pixel 20 is turned off by one selection. It has a capacity size that can be stored.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the display unit 2 in the electrophoretic display device 1.
  • the display unit 2 has a configuration in which an element substrate 28 and a counter substrate 29 are arranged to face each other via a spacer (not shown), and an electrophoretic display ink 23 is sealed between the substrates. .
  • description will be made on the assumption that an image is displayed on the counter substrate 29 side.
  • the element substrate 28 is a substrate made of, for example, glass or plastic. Although not shown here on the element substrate 28, the pixel switching transistor 24, the storage capacitor 25, the scanning lines (Y1, Y2,... Ym), and the data lines (X1, X2) described above with reference to FIG. ,... Xn), and a laminated structure in which the common potential line 11 is formed. A plurality of pixel electrodes 21 are provided in a matrix on the upper layer side of the stacked structure.
  • the counter substrate 29 is a light-transmitting substrate made of, for example, glass or plastic.
  • the common electrode 22 is formed so as to face the plurality of pixel electrodes 21.
  • the common electrode 22 is formed of a transparent conductive material such as magnesium silver (MgAg), indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), for example.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 includes at least a positively or negatively charged electrophoretic particle having a first color and a dispersion medium colored in a second color so that contrast display is possible.
  • the first electrophoretic particles having a negatively charged first color and the second color having a charging characteristic different from that of the first electrophoretic particles and capable of displaying contrast with the first color.
  • a description will be given by taking as an example a configuration including positively charged black particles 83, negatively charged white particles 82, and a dispersion medium 81 in which the black particles 83 and the white particles 82 are dispersed.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, by arbitrarily selecting white and black particles within a range in which contrast display is possible, for example, by changing the particles to red, green, blue, or the like, the display surface of the display unit 2 is displayed in red, green, blue It can be displayed.
  • the positively charged black particles 83 are attracted to the common electrode 22 side by the Coulomb force, and the negatively charged white particles 82 are attracted to the pixel electrode 21 side by the Coulomb force. As a result, the black particles 83 gather on the display surface side (common electrode 22 side), and the display surface of the display unit 2 is displayed in black.
  • the drive operation for displaying the gradation image on the electrophoretic display device 1 is divided into the above-described all-pixel identical display drive step, gradation display drive step, and stop step.
  • the same display drive, gradation display drive step, and stop step for all the pixels will be described in order.
  • the driving method is not particularly limited as long as it is a driving method that can perform common swinging so that all the pixels of the electrophoretic display device are once in the same display state.
  • the driving method is not particularly limited as long as it is a driving method that can perform common swinging so that all the pixels of the electrophoretic display device are once in the same display state.
  • the effect of the present invention can be effectively achieved.
  • a common swing that changes the common potential Vcom applied to the common electrode 22 is applied, and all the display pixels 20 are set to the same display state.
  • the common electrode 22 is set to a high potential with respect to the pixel electrode 21 to change all the display pixels 20 to the first display state (for example, all white state).
  • a second application operation for setting all the display pixels 20 to a second display state (for example, an all black state) by setting the common electrode 22 to a low potential with respect to the pixel electrode 21 hereinafter, referred to as “the second application operation”.
  • the above driving method is referred to as “pulse method”.) All the pixels are brought into the same display state by at least one of the operations.
  • each display pixel 20 (more specifically, the pixel electrode 21) can be secured.
  • a large driving voltage can be applied between the electrode and the common electrode 22.
  • larger kinetic energy can be given to the electrophoretic particles (white particles 82, black particles 83) in the electrophoretic display ink 23.
  • the electrophoretic particles can be efficiently moved to the display surface side and the back surface side, and the white and black electrophoretic particles can be separated cleanly, and display performance such as black-and-white contrast and reflectance. Is improved.
  • the pulse-type application operation is not limited to once, but the first application operation may be repeated a plurality of times.
  • the second application operation may be repeated a plurality of times.
  • a method of repeating the set once or a plurality of times hereinafter referred to as “swing pulse method”. It may be used. Note that the number of times of the first application operation and the second application operation performed by the swing pulse method may be different.
  • all scanning lines Y1 to Ym are simultaneously supplied with scanning signals to perform all display.
  • a method of simultaneously applying a driving voltage to the pixels 20 (a pulse method by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines and a swing pulse method by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines) and a scanning signal are sequentially supplied to each of the scanning lines Y1 to Ym.
  • a method of sequentially applying a driving voltage to all the display pixels 20 (a pulse method by scanning line sequential selection and a swing pulse method by scanning line order selection) can be selected.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the all pixel identical display driving step using the common swing by the pulse method by the simultaneous selection of all the scanning lines in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the all pixel identical display driving step using the common swing by the pulse method by the scanning line sequential selection in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the all pixel identical display driving step using the common swing by the swing pulse method by the simultaneous selection of all the scanning lines in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the all pixel identical display driving step using the common swing by the swing pulse method by the scanning line sequential selection in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • 15V is used as the high potential voltage V1 applied to the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22, while ⁇ 15V is used as the low potential voltage V2.
  • 0V is used as the intermediate voltage Vmid.
  • a voltage V1 of 15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and a voltage V2 of ⁇ 15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • a scanning signal (ON potential) is simultaneously supplied to all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym.
  • a drive voltage of V1-V2 that is, 30V is applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 of each display pixel 20.
  • a scanning signal (ON potential) is sequentially supplied to each scanning line Y1 to Ym, and this scanning signal is supplied.
  • the voltage V2 is applied to the corresponding pixel electrode 21 and the voltage V1 is applied to the common electrode 22 at the timing, which is different from the common swing using the swing pulse method by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines shown in FIG. 5A shows the case where the scanning signal is supplied to the scanning line Y1 at the beginning of the frame, and FIG. 5B shows the case where the scanning signal is supplied to the scanning line Ym at the end of the frame.
  • the scanning signal is supplied at a timing that is sequentially shifted between the scanning signal supply timing for the scanning line Y1 and the scanning signal supply timing for Ym.
  • a voltage V2 of ⁇ 15 V is applied to the common electrode 22, and a voltage V1 of 15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • the second application operation in which the scanning signal (ON potential) is simultaneously supplied to all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym is performed.
  • a voltage of V2-V1 that is, ⁇ 30 V is applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 of each display pixel 20.
  • the scanning electrode (on potential) is simultaneously applied to all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym with the potential of the common electrode 22 changed to the voltage V1 of 15V and the potential of the pixel electrode 21 changed to the voltage V2 of -15V.
  • the first application operation is performed.
  • a drive voltage of V1-V2 (that is, 30V) is applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 of each display pixel 20.
  • FIG. 6 shows a case where two sets are applied with this series of application operations as one set. The number of times of repeating these application operations can be arbitrarily selected, and can be set to three times or more.
  • a voltage V2 of ⁇ 15 V is applied to the common electrode 22, and a voltage V1 of 15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • a second application operation in which a scanning signal (ON potential) is sequentially supplied to all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym is performed.
  • a voltage of V2-V1 that is, ⁇ 30 V is sequentially applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 of each display pixel 20.
  • the scanning electrode (on potential) is sequentially applied to all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym in a state where the potential of the common electrode 22 is changed to the voltage V1 of 15V and the potential of the pixel electrode 21 is changed to the voltage V2 of -15V.
  • the first application operation is performed.
  • the drive voltage of V1-V2 (that is, 30V) is sequentially applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 of each display pixel 20.
  • FIG. 7 shows a case where two sets are applied with one set of the application operation in which the second application operation is repeated twice after the first application operation is repeated twice.
  • the number of times of repeating these application operations can be arbitrarily selected, and can be set to three or more. It is also possible to set a different number of times.
  • the dotted line portion of the voltage applied to the ink shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 shows the voltage waveform after the all-pixels identical display drive step, but in the present invention, all the pixels are the same to which the above common swing is applied.
  • the process proceeds to a gradation display operation in which a gradation image is displayed using each display pixel 20. This gradation display operation step will be described later.
  • This afterimage erasing drive may be performed by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines using the above-mentioned common swing, or may be performed by sequential selection of scanning lines. Further, it may be realized by such driving without using the common swing. In addition, any means other than these may be used as long as it can drive the afterimage phenomenon.
  • the supply of the scanning signal to a specific scanning line takes time required to scan all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym once (select all scanning lines continuously). Assuming one frame period, the period is one frame. That is, when the scanning signal is continuously supplied to the scanning line Y1, after the scanning signal is supplied at a certain timing, the next scanning signal is supplied after one frame has elapsed from the supply timing (see FIG. 5). Therefore, the period in which the driving voltage is continuously applied to the display pixels 20 selected by the scanning line Y1 is also one frame period.
  • the electrophoretic display of each display pixel 20 connected to the scanning line Y1 to which the scanning signal is supplied in the first application operation A voltage V1-V2 (ie, 30V) is instantaneously applied to the ink 23.
  • the applied drive voltage charges the storage capacitor 25, and the charge accumulated in the storage capacitor 25 is gradually discharged thereafter.
  • a voltage of V2-V1 that is, ⁇ 30 V
  • the applied drive voltage charges the storage capacitor 25 with a reverse voltage, and the charge accumulated in the storage capacitor 25 is then gradually discharged.
  • the gradation display driving step in the electrophoretic display device 1 will be described.
  • the gradation display driving step pixels corresponding to the display image are displayed on the plurality of data lines X1 to Xn in a state in which the potential of the common electrode 22 is fixed to the intermediate potential Vmid of the voltages V1 and V2 applied by the common swing.
  • the target display pixel 20 is adjusted to a desired gradation according to the number of times of application.
  • the pixel electrode is brought into a high impedance state after at least the last scan, and each pixel shifts from the gradation display driving step to the stop step when a desired gradation is obtained.
  • the gradation display driving step in the electrophoretic display device 1 unlike the same display driving step for all the pixels, driving for each pixel electrode 21 is performed with the potential applied to the common electrode 22 being fixed to the intermediate potential Vmid without switching. Is controlled.
  • the gradation level (color tone) that changes with one drive control increases as the potential difference applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 increases. For this reason, when common swing is performed as in the above-described all-pixel same display driving step, the potential difference applied to the electrophoretic display ink 23 becomes large and is not necessarily suitable for gradation display control.
  • the driving of each pixel electrode 21 is controlled in a state of being fixed at the intermediate potential Vmid.
  • gradation display can be adjusted with a relatively small potential difference, and the precision gradation display performance in the electrophoretic display device 1 can be improved.
  • the display pixel 20 corresponding to the gradation display control object corresponds to the display pixel 20 until reaching a desired gradation.
  • a sequential grayscale driving method for sequentially driving the display pixels 20 by sequentially supplying scanning signals to the scanning lines in one frame period, and the number of times the display pixels 20 are driven (the number of scans) required to express a desired grayscale Apply one of the block scan gradation driving method that divides the block into several blocks separated by a pause period corresponding to one frame or a plurality of frames and drives the display pixels 20 to be subjected to gradation display control on a block basis. To do.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the gradation display driving step using the sequential gradation driving method.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a gradation display driving step using the block scan gradation driving method.
  • the potential applied to the common electrode 22 is fixed to the intermediate potential Vmid, and the pixel signal applied to the pixel electrode 21 and the scanning supplied to the scanning line are used.
  • the gray scale display in the display pixel 20 is adjusted by the number of times of signal supply (the number of scans or the number of driving).
  • a voltage is applied to the display pixel 20.
  • gradation driving can be performed with a driving voltage that is half of the driving voltage in the same display driving step for all pixels. it can.
  • precise gradation display performance can be improved. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, when the supply of the pixel signal and the scanning signal to the display pixel 20 that is the target of gradation control is stopped twice, the gradation of the display pixel 20 is changed to the gradation C. Is set.
  • the gradation of the display pixel 20 is set to the gradation B. Furthermore, when the supply of the pixel signal and the scanning signal to the display pixel 20 that is the target of gradation control is stopped at seven times, the gradation of the display pixel 20 is set to the gradation A. Note that when the gradation of the display pixel 20 is set to gradations C and B, the pixel signal potentials at the third time and the sixth time are Vmid or a high impedance state, respectively, but in FIG. The case where the pixel signal and the scanning signal are supplied seven times is shown. The high impedance state will be described later.
  • the display pixel 20 is adjusted by adjusting the number of scans (also referred to as the number of simultaneous application of the pixel signal and the scan signal or the number of gradation drives) for the display pixel 20 to be subjected to gradation control.
  • the gradation display at is adjusted.
  • the case where all the pixels are set to white in the same display driving step for all the pixels has been described, so that the density in the display pixel 20 can be expressed deeply as the number of scans increases, and the density in the display pixel 20 decreases as the number of scans decreases. Can express thinly. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the density of gradation C set by the number of times of scanning twice is the smallest, and the number of times of scanning five times (simultaneous application of pixel signal and scanning signal).
  • the density of gradation A set by is the highest.
  • pixel signals and scanning signals are continuously supplied to the display pixels 20 to be subjected to gradation control, and the number of times of supply is adjusted to adjust the level of the display pixels 20. Adjust the key display.
  • the number of times of driving (scanning number of times) of the display pixel 20 necessary for expressing a desired gradation is separated in a pause period corresponding to one frame or a plurality of frames. Dividing into several blocks, the display pixels 20 are driven in units of blocks.
  • gradation B shown in FIG. 8 when gradation B shown in FIG. 8 is expressed by gradation, as shown in FIG. 9, for example, a pause period of one frame or a plurality of frames (regions A1, A2 shown in FIG. 8). , A3 to A6) are divided into a plurality of blocks (B1 to B3, B4 to B8 shown in the figure), and the display pixels 20 are driven in units of blocks.
  • the display pixel 20 is driven by three blocks B1 to B3 separated by a one-frame pause period A1 and a three-frame pause period A2.
  • the display pixel 20 is driven by five blocks B4 to B8 separated by four one-frame pause periods A3 to A6.
  • the display pixels 20 are driven in units of blocks as described above, a pause period of at least one frame is inserted between the blocks. Therefore, like the sequential gradation driving method shown in FIG. Compared to the case where the same display pixel 20 is continuously driven, the total movement amount of the electrophoretic particles (white particles 82 and black particles 83) in the electrophoretic display ink 23 changes.
  • the gradation of the display pixel 20 can be finely adjusted in the block scan gradation driving method. For example, in the block scan gradation driving method shown in the middle part of FIG. 9, gradation B ′ having a gradation slightly thinner than gradation B shown in the upper part of FIG. In the scan gradation driving method, a gradation B ′′ having a gradation slightly thinner than the gradation B ′ is expressed.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of drive energy when the block scan gradation driving method and the sequential gradation driving method are used in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 10A shows an enlarged view of a region surrounded by a broken line C shown in FIG.
  • the waveform on the left side shown in FIG. 10A shows a waveform (hereinafter referred to as “primary waveform” for convenience) when the drive voltage is first applied to the display pixel 20 from the initial state where the drive voltage is not applied.
  • the waveform on the right side shown in FIG. 10B is a waveform when the subsequent drive voltage is applied after the charge due to the drive voltage applied in advance is accumulated in the storage capacitor 25 and all the charges are not discharged (hereinafter referred to as the waveform). For convenience, it is referred to as a “secondary waveform”.
  • the drive voltage application time t in the primary waveform and the secondary waveform is the same time.
  • the drive voltage in the primary waveform rises from the intermediate voltage Vmid
  • the drive voltage in the secondary waveform rises from a voltage value between the intermediate voltage Vmid and the high potential voltage V2. For this reason, the rise of the secondary waveform rises more rapidly than the primary waveform.
  • FIG. 10B shows drive voltages S V1 and S V2 corresponding to the application time t of the primary waveform and the secondary waveform.
  • FIG. 10C shows a comparison result of these drive voltages S V1 and S V2 .
  • the vertical axis represents voltage and the horizontal axis represents time.
  • the drive voltage S V2 of the secondary waveform with a voltage higher than the driving voltage S V1 of the primary wave at the beginning time portion. For this reason, it can be seen that the drive energy based on the drive voltage S V2 of the secondary waveform is larger by ⁇ S than the drive energy based on the drive voltage S V1 of the primary waveform.
  • the total amount of drive energy when the display pixel 20 is driven by the sequential gradation drive method shown in the upper part of FIG. 9 is a value obtained by adding four ⁇ S to the drive voltage S V1 for five times (that is, 5 ⁇ S V1 + 4 ⁇ It can be seen that ⁇ S).
  • the total amount of driving energy when the display pixel 20 is driven by the block scan gradation driving method shown in the lower part of FIG. 9 is a value obtained by summing the five driving voltages S V1 (that is, 5 ⁇ S V1 ). I understand that. That is, the driving energy is smaller by two ⁇ S than the total amount of driving energy when the display pixel 20 is driven by the block scan gradation driving method shown in the middle stage of FIG. For this reason, the gradation B ′′ is a gradation slightly thinner than the gradation B ′.
  • the pixel electrode 21 may be short-circuited by applying a voltage equal to that of the common electrode 22, and the common electrode 22 is opened in a high impedance state.
  • the pixel electrode can be appropriately selected within a range in which the pixel electrode can be brought into a high impedance state after the last scan.
  • each pixel shifts from the gradation display drive step to the stop step when a desired gradation is obtained.
  • a gradation is obtained by applying a reverse voltage to the display pixel 20 to be controlled in the middle of changing to a desired gradation. It is preferable as an embodiment to adjust the value.
  • Such a method of applying a reverse voltage to the display pixel 20 in the middle of changing to a desired gradation is hereinafter referred to as a “reverse scan insertion drive method”.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are explanatory diagrams of gradation drive control using the reverse scan insertion drive method in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • the case where the drive voltage is applied only five times (FIG. 11) or twice to the display pixel 20 that is the target of gradation control is illustrated. Note that, in the gradations G1 to G5 shown in FIG. 11, the gradation G1 has the lowest density and the density gradually increases toward the gradation G5.
  • FIG. 11 shows the gradation change of two types of ink (electrophoretic particles 82 and 83) A and B whose gradation display is controlled.
  • the gradation G5 shown in FIG. 11 is a desired gradation.
  • Ink A has an electrical characteristic that a gradation G5 can be obtained by driving five times (application of a driving voltage) from a white (or black) state.
  • the ink B has an electrical characteristic that a gradation G5 can be obtained by driving twice (applying a driving voltage) from a white (or black) state.
  • the gradation changes by 4 gradations by applying the driving voltage in the direction of increasing the gradation, whereas only 3 gradations are applied by applying the driving voltage in the direction of decreasing the gradation. It is assumed that it has electrical characteristics in which gradation changes.
  • the sequential gradation driving method when the sequential gradation driving method is applied, in the ink A, the three gradations G2 to G4 can be sequentially obtained as intermediate gradations between the gradations G1 to G5.
  • the ink B the gradation of the display pixel 20 reaches the gradation G5 only by applying the driving voltage once from the state of the gradation G1. That is, in the ink B, the intermediate gradations G2 to G4 cannot be obtained. Therefore, the gradation expression performance of the ink B having such electrical characteristics is improved by controlling the gradation drive by applying the reverse scan insertion drive method.
  • the preceding drive voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 21 of the display pixel 20 that has reached the gradation G5 by the second drive voltage application.
  • a drive voltage (pixel signal in the direction of decreasing gradation) having a voltage opposite to that of the pixel signal in the direction of increasing darkness is applied (third drive).
  • the gradation G2 can be obtained.
  • a pixel signal in the direction of increasing the gradation is applied to the pixel electrode 21 of the display pixel 20 (fourth driving). Thereby, in this display pixel 20, the gradation G6 can be obtained.
  • the gradation G6 indicates a darker gradation than the gradation G5. Further, a pixel signal in a direction of decreasing the gradation is applied to the pixel electrode 21 of the display pixel 20 (fifth drive). Thereby, in the display pixel 20, the gradation G3 can be obtained.
  • a drive voltage having a reverse voltage is applied in the middle of changing the display pixel 20 to be a gradation control target to a desired gradation.
  • Use to adjust the gradation As a result, even when ink (electrophoretic particles 82 and 83) having electrical characteristics with a large gradation change is used, intermediate gradations such as the gradations G2 to G4 described above can be obtained. Tonal expression can be realized.
  • the stop step in the electrophoretic display device 1 will be described.
  • the stopping step after each display pixel 20 reaches a desired gradation, the potential of the pixel electrode 21 for each pixel is set to the same potential as the common electrode 22.
  • each scanning line there is a sequential short-circuit method for each scanning line in which the pixel electrodes 21 and the common electrodes 22 of all the display pixels 20 are sequentially short-circuited.
  • Each short-circuiting method may be performed after a certain period of time has elapsed from the end of the gradation display driving step (sequential short-circuiting after every pause, simultaneous short-circuiting after each pause, and sequential short-circuiting after every scanning line).
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a short-circuit operation and an open operation when the gradation drive control is finished in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • 13A shows a short-circuit operation at the stop step
  • FIG. 13B shows an open operation during the gradation display driving step
  • FIG. 13C shows an open operation at the stop step.
  • the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is turned on, and the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 21 via the data line X is the same as the voltage applied to the common electrode 22. Set to potential.
  • the data line X is set to a high impedance state by some method as shown in FIG. 13B, or the scanning line Y is set to an off potential as shown in FIG. Set to state.
  • the former is different in that the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is on-potential, while the latter is the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is off-potential.
  • the pixel-by-pixel sequential short-circuit method is a method of short-circuiting pixels that have finished the gradation display driving step at the next operation timing. For example, as shown in FIG. 14A, a fifth scanning signal is supplied to the display pixel 20.
  • the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are set to the same voltage (here, Vmid (0 V)) at the timing corresponding to this scanning signal, the electrophoretic display is performed at the timing when the fifth scanning signal is supplied. In this method, charges accumulated in the ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are removed.
  • the pixel-by-pixel sequential short-circuit method after the pause is a method in which the short-circuit operation is performed after inserting the open operation for supplying the scanning signal one or more times with the pixel electrode 21 in the high impedance state between the fourth and fifth times in FIG. 14A. is there.
  • the sequential short-circuit method for each pixel after the pause since the timing until the stop can be set for each pixel, it is possible to obtain richer gradation display performance.
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a stop step using the simultaneous short-circuit method.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the stop step using the sequential short-circuit method for each scanning line. 15 and 16 show lines L1 to Lm controlled in accordance with the scanning signals for the scanning lines Y1 to Ym.
  • the simultaneous short-circuit method as shown in FIG. 15, immediately after all the pixels of the display unit 2 including the display pixels 20 have finished the gradation display driving step, the potential applied to the pixel electrodes 21 all at once. By making the potential applied to the common electrode 22 the same potential, all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym are short-circuited simultaneously. According to the stop step using the simultaneous short-circuit method, since the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are forcibly removed, the amount of charge consumed in the electrophoretic display ink 23 is reduced. Can be reduced. Thereby, since the damage which the electrophoretic display ink 23 receives can be reduced, it becomes possible to realize the lifetime improvement of the display part 2. In particular, in the simultaneous short-circuit method, since all the scanning lines Y1 to Ym can be short-circuited at a time, it is possible to shorten the processing time required for the stop step without requiring complicated control.
  • the scanning lines Y1 to Ym are sequentially formed immediately after all the pixels of the display unit composed of the display pixels 20 have finished the gradation display driving step. Is supplied with a scanning signal, and the potential applied to the pixel electrode 21 and the potential applied to the common electrode 22 in each pixel are set to the same potential.
  • the stop step using the sequential short-circuit method for each scanning line as in the simultaneous short-circuit method, the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are forcibly removed. The amount of charge consumed in the ink 23 can be reduced.
  • the short-circuit operation is performed immediately after all the pixels of the display unit 2 have finished the gradation display drive step.
  • these short-circuiting operations may be performed after a fixed period of time has elapsed after the image has been written (post-stop short-circuiting method).
  • the rest period can be set to a period in which the movement of the particles (white particles 82, black particles 83) in the electrophoretic display ink 23 ends.
  • the short-circuit operation is performed with the pause period interposed therebetween, it is possible to ensure the long life of the display unit 2 while maintaining the gradation expression performance.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a stop step in a pixel for which the gradation driving step has been completed in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 14A shows a waveform when a pixel for which the gradation display driving step has been completed by the sequential short circuit method for each pixel is short-circuited at the next scanning timing, and in FIG. 14B, the gradation display is performed by the sequential opening method for each pixel.
  • the waveform in the case where the pixel for which the driving step has been completed is opened at the timing of the next search is shown.
  • the fifth scanning signal is supplied to the display pixel 20 as shown in FIG. 14A.
  • the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are set to the same voltage (here, Vmid (0 V)). In this case, the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are removed at the timing when the fifth scanning signal is supplied.
  • the pixel electrode 21 is placed in a high impedance state at the timing when the fifth and subsequent scanning signals are supplied to the display pixel 20. As driven. As a result, the charge accumulated in the storage capacitor 25 in the fourth scan is gradually discharged.
  • the drive voltage is held until the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are naturally discharged. Therefore, the memory performance in the display unit 2 can be improved.
  • an image is displayed on the display unit 2 by sequentially executing the same pixel display driving step, gradation display driving step, and stop step.
  • a gradation display driving step is performed across the same display driving step for all pixels, and a stop step is performed.
  • the common swing is applied in the same display driving step for all pixels, a high contrast white or black display can be realized.
  • the gradation display driving step since the driving of each pixel electrode 21 is controlled in a state where it is fixed to the intermediate potential Vmid without applying the common swing, a fine gradation change can be realized. As a result, it is possible to improve the black and white binary display performance and improve the gradation expression performance.
  • a substrate (hereinafter referred to as ITO-PET) on which a transparent electrode having a surface resistance of 250 ⁇ / ⁇ is formed on indium tin oxide (tin-doped indium oxide) on a PET film. Used).
  • the common electrode 22 is formed with microcells having a height of 20 ⁇ m and a pitch of 300 ⁇ m for partitioning ink.
  • the periphery of the electrophoretic display ink 23 was sealed with a UV curable adhesive so that the distance between the electrodes (between the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22) was 20 ⁇ m and the display area was 50 mm ⁇ 40 mm.
  • One panel configured as described above is hereinafter referred to as a single cell.
  • the electrical characteristics of the ink are a volume resistivity of 10 10 ( ⁇ cm) and a relative dielectric constant of 3.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 includes white particles 82 and black particles 83.
  • the white particles 82 are negatively charged.
  • the common electrode 22 has a higher voltage than the pixel electrode 21, the white particles 82 gather on the common electrode 22 side, and the display surface side (the common electrode 22 side) displays white.
  • the black particles 83 are positively charged.
  • the common electrode 22 has a lower voltage than the pixel electrode 21, the black particles 83 gather on the common electrode 22 side, and the display surface side (common electrode 22 side) is black. Become.
  • a holding experiment 25 having a capacitance of 14.7 ⁇ F was connected in parallel to one single cell, and this was regarded as one pixel, and a verification experiment was conducted.
  • the scanning line selection time was set to 20 ⁇ s.
  • the time required to supply the scanning signal for one frame is 4.8 ms. Accordingly, a voltage of 20 ⁇ s is applied to the single cell within one frame of 4.8 ms.
  • the number of frames was changed in accordance with the gradation.
  • one frame is set to 100 ms, and the voltage is applied to all the pixels for 100 ms.
  • the common electrode 22 is set to 0 V, and +15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21, so that the common electrode 22 side (display surface side) is white.
  • a potential difference of 15 V was obtained as a voltage for moving the particles 82.
  • a potential difference of 15V was obtained as a voltage for moving the black particles 83 to the common electrode 22 side (display surface side).
  • Example 1 In the same display driving step for all the pixels, the scanning operation for sequentially selecting the scanning lines in a state where +15 V is applied to the common electrode 22 and ⁇ 15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 is repeated 20 times to change the display state of all pixels to white. Later, 0V is applied to the common electrode 22, + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 according to the next display image data, + 15V is applied to the pixel whose display state is to be changed, and 0V is applied to the pixel whose display state is not changed.
  • a gradation display driving step for repeating a scanning operation for sequentially selecting lines 60 times is performed, and a stop step for applying the same potential as the common electrode by applying 0 V to the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that has reached the gradation to be displayed is performed. It was.
  • Example 2 After repeating the scanning operation of sequentially selecting scanning lines with -15V applied to the common electrode 22 and + 15V applied to the pixel electrode, + 15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and -15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • a scan operation for sequentially selecting scanning lines in a state where voltage is applied is repeated 20 times to change the display state of all pixels to white. After all pixels are in the same display driving step, 0 V is applied to the common electrode 22 and applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • Example 3 In the same display driving step for all pixels, the display state of all pixels is changed to white by the operation of selecting all scanning lines simultaneously for 100 ms with +15 V applied to the common electrode 22 and ⁇ 15 V applied to the pixel electrode 21. Later, 0V is applied to the common electrode 22, + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 according to the next display image data, + 15V is applied to the pixel whose display state is to be changed, and 0V is applied to the pixel whose display state is not changed.
  • a gradation display driving step for repeating a scanning operation for sequentially selecting lines 60 times is performed, and a stop step for applying the same potential as the common electrode by applying 0 V to the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that has reached the gradation to be displayed is performed. It was.
  • Example 4 After -15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode, all scanning lines are simultaneously selected for 100 ms, and then + 15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and -15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21. In the state where all the scanning lines are simultaneously applied for 100 ms in a state where voltage is applied, 0 V is applied to the common electrode 22 after the same pixel display driving step for changing the display state of all pixels to white by the operation of selecting all the scanning lines.
  • Example 5 In the gradation display driving step of Example 2, the scanning operation was repeated 31 times so that all the pixels were displayed in the intermediate gradation 1 display state.
  • Example 6 In the gradation display driving step of Example 2, the scanning operation was repeated 30 times so that all the pixels were in the display state of intermediate gradation 2.
  • Example 7 In the gradation display driving step of Example 2, the scanning operation was repeated 29 times to bring all pixels into the display state of intermediate gradation 3.
  • Example 8 Reverse scan insertion drive
  • the scan operation is repeated 15 times, then the scan operation is performed once with + 15V applied to the pixel electrode, and then the scan operation is performed with ⁇ 15V applied to the pixel electrode again.
  • the scan operation is performed with + 15V applied to the pixel electrode again.
  • Example 9 Block scan driving
  • a pause period of 10 scan operations is provided, and then the scan operation is repeated 15 times so that all pixels are in a display state of intermediate grayscale 5.
  • Example 10 Combination of reverse scan insertion drive and block scan drive
  • a scan operation is performed once in a state where +15 V is applied to the pixel electrode after providing a pause period of 10 scan operations. After a pause period of 10 operations, the scan operation was repeated 15 times with -15 V applied to the pixel electrode, so that all the pixels were set to the display state of the intermediate gradation 5.
  • Example 3 In the stop step, display was performed by driving different from that in Example 2 only that the pixel electrode was in a high impedance state.
  • the reflectance (Y value) was measured using a spectrocolorimeter “SC-P” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
  • the light source used for the measurement was D65, a 10 ° field of view, the measurement hole was ⁇ 15, and the specular reflection was excluded.
  • evaluation item C gradation display performance
  • the number of scans required to shift from the reflectance obtained in evaluation A to the reflectance obtained in evaluation B is the maximum value of the intermediate gradation that can be expressed.
  • the number of scans required was defined as gradation display performance.
  • the scanning was changed from 1 to 60 times in the gradation display driving step and stopped, and the reflectance after the application of each scanning number was measured and evaluated.
  • scanning number is 64 times or more: A” “scanning number is 32 times or more and less than 64 times: ⁇ ” “scanning number is 16 times or more and less than 32 times: ⁇ ” “scanning number is 15 times or less: x” did.
  • the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment differs from the electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment in the stopping step.
  • the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment has the same configuration as the electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment.
  • the electrophoretic display device according to the second embodiment is the same as the electrophoretic display device according to the first embodiment except for the stop step (all pixel identical display drive step and gradation display drive step). ).
  • stop step all pixel identical display drive step and gradation display drive step.
  • the potential of the pixel electrode 21 for each pixel is set to a high impedance state to scan a signal.
  • An opening operation is performed to supply (see FIG. 13B). Since the pixel electrode of the target pixel is opened in the stop step after the gradation display driving step is completed, the driving voltage is held until the charge accumulated in the target pixel is spontaneously discharged. Memory performance can be improved.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a short-circuit operation and an open operation when the gradation drive control is finished in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • 13A shows a short-circuit operation at the stop step
  • FIG. 13B shows an open operation during the gradation display driving step
  • FIG. 13C shows an open operation at the stop step.
  • the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is turned on, and the voltage applied to the pixel electrode 21 via the data line X is the same as the voltage applied to the common electrode 22. Set to potential.
  • the data line X is set to a high impedance state by some method as shown in FIG. 13B, or the scanning line Y is set to an off potential as shown in FIG. Set to state.
  • the former is different in that the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is on-potential, while the latter is the scanning signal for the scanning line Y is off-potential.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a stop step in a pixel for which the gradation driving step has been completed in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 14A shows a waveform when a pixel for which the gradation display driving step has been completed by the sequential short circuit method for each pixel is short-circuited at the next scanning timing, and in FIG. 14B, the gradation display is performed by the sequential opening method for each pixel.
  • the waveform in the case where the pixel for which the driving step has been completed is opened at the timing of the next search is shown.
  • the fifth scanning signal is supplied to the display pixel 20 as shown in FIG. 14A.
  • the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22 are set to the same voltage (here, Vmid (0 V)). In this case, the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are removed at the timing when the fifth scanning signal is supplied.
  • the pixel electrode 21 is placed in a high impedance state at the timing when the fifth and subsequent scanning signals are supplied to the display pixel 20. As driven. As a result, the charge accumulated in the storage capacitor 25 in the fourth scan is gradually discharged.
  • the drive voltage is held until the charges accumulated in the electrophoretic display ink 23 and the holding capacitor 25 are naturally discharged. Therefore, the memory performance in the display unit 2 can be improved.
  • an image is displayed on the display unit 2 by sequentially executing the same pixel display driving step, gradation display driving step, and stop step.
  • a gradation display driving step is once performed across the same display driving step for all pixels, and a stop step is performed.
  • the common swing is applied in the same display driving step for all pixels, a high contrast white or black display can be realized.
  • the gradation display driving step since the driving of each pixel electrode 21 is controlled in a state where it is fixed to the intermediate potential Vmid without applying the common swing, a fine gradation change can be realized.
  • the memory performance in the display device can be improved. It becomes. As a result, it is possible to improve the black and white binary display performance and improve the gradation expression performance.
  • an erasing driving may be performed to prevent an afterimage phenomenon in which the currently displayed image appears to remain dull after the next image is written.
  • This afterimage erasing drive may be performed by simultaneous selection of all scanning lines using the above-mentioned common swing, or may be performed by sequential selection of scanning lines. Further, it may be realized by such driving without using the common swing. In addition, any means other than these may be used as long as the driving can prevent the afterimage phenomenon.
  • a substrate (hereinafter referred to as ITO-PET) on which a transparent electrode having a surface resistance of 250 ⁇ / ⁇ is formed on indium tin oxide (tin-doped indium oxide) on a PET film. Used).
  • the common electrode 22 is formed with microcells having a height of 20 ⁇ m and a pitch of 300 ⁇ m for partitioning ink.
  • the periphery of the electrophoretic display ink 23 was sealed with a UV curable adhesive so that the distance between the electrodes (between the pixel electrode 21 and the common electrode 22) was 20 ⁇ m and the display area was 50 mm ⁇ 40 mm.
  • One panel configured as described above is hereinafter referred to as a single cell.
  • the electrical characteristics of the ink are a volume resistivity of 10 10 ( ⁇ cm) and a relative dielectric constant of 3.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 includes white particles 82 and black particles 83.
  • the white particles 82 are negatively charged.
  • the common electrode 22 has a higher voltage than the pixel electrode 21, the white particles 82 gather on the common electrode 22 side, and the display surface side (the common electrode 22 side) displays white.
  • the black particles 83 are positively charged.
  • the common electrode 22 has a lower voltage than the pixel electrode 21, the black particles 83 gather on the common electrode 22 side, and the display surface side (common electrode 22 side) is black.
  • the single cell was connected to a holding capacitor 25 having a capacitance of 14.7 ⁇ F in parallel, and this was regarded as one pixel, and a verification experiment was performed.
  • the scanning line selection time was set to 20 ⁇ s.
  • the time required to supply the scanning signal for one frame is 4.8 ms. Accordingly, a voltage of 20 ⁇ s is applied to the single cell within one frame of 4.8 ms.
  • the number of frames was changed in accordance with the gradation.
  • one frame is set to 100 ms, and the voltage is applied to all the pixels for 100 ms.
  • the common electrode 22 is set to 0 V, and +15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21, so that the common electrode 22 side (display surface side) is white.
  • a potential difference of 15 V was obtained as a voltage for moving the particles 82.
  • a potential difference of 15V was obtained as a voltage for moving the black particles 83 to the common electrode 22 side (display surface side).
  • Example 11 In the same display driving step for all the pixels, the scanning operation for sequentially selecting the scanning lines in a state where +15 V is applied to the common electrode 22 and ⁇ 15 V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 is repeated 20 times to change the display state of all pixels to white. Later, 0V is applied to the common electrode 22, + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 according to the next display image data, + 15V is applied to the pixel whose display state is to be changed, and 0V is applied to the pixel whose display state is not changed.
  • a gradation display driving step in which the scanning operation for sequentially selecting lines is repeated 60 times is performed, and a stop step is performed in which the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that has reached the gradation to be displayed is brought into a high impedance state.
  • Example 12 After repeating the scanning operation of sequentially selecting scanning lines with -15V applied to the common electrode 22 and + 15V applied to the pixel electrode, + 15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and -15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • a scan operation for sequentially selecting scanning lines in a state where voltage is applied is repeated 20 times to change the display state of all pixels to white.
  • 0 V is applied to the common electrode 22 and applied to the pixel electrode 21.
  • Is a gradation display drive in which + 15V is applied to a pixel whose display state is to be changed in accordance with the next display image data, and 0V is applied to a pixel whose display state is not to be changed to sequentially select a scanning line 60 times.
  • a step was performed to stop the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that reached the gradation to be displayed in a high impedance state.
  • Example 13 In the same display driving step for all pixels, the display state of all pixels is changed to white by the operation of selecting all scanning lines simultaneously for 100 ms with +15 V applied to the common electrode 22 and ⁇ 15 V applied to the pixel electrode 21. Later, 0V is applied to the common electrode 22, + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21 according to the next display image data, + 15V is applied to the pixel whose display state is to be changed, and 0V is applied to the pixel whose display state is not changed.
  • a gradation display driving step in which the scanning operation for sequentially selecting lines is repeated 60 times is performed, and a stop step is performed in which the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that has reached the gradation to be displayed is brought into a high impedance state.
  • Example 14 After -15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and + 15V is applied to the pixel electrode, all scanning lines are simultaneously selected for 100 ms, and then + 15V is applied to the common electrode 22 and -15V is applied to the pixel electrode 21. In the state where all the scanning lines are simultaneously applied for 100 ms in a state where voltage is applied, 0 V is applied to the common electrode 22 after the same pixel display driving step for changing the display state of all pixels to white by the operation of selecting all the scanning lines.
  • a step was performed to stop the pixel electrode 21 of the pixel that reached the gradation to be displayed in a high impedance state.
  • Example 15 In the gradation display driving step of Example 12, the scanning operation was repeated 31 times so that all the pixels were displayed in the intermediate gradation 1 display state.
  • Example 16 In the gradation display driving step of Example 12, the scanning operation was repeated 30 times to bring all pixels into the display state of intermediate gradation 2.
  • Example 17 In the gradation display driving step of Example 12, the scanning operation was repeated 29 times to bring all the pixels into the display state of the intermediate gradation 3.
  • Example 18 Reverse scan insertion drive
  • the scan operation was performed once with + 15V applied to the pixel electrode, and then the scan operation was performed with ⁇ 15V applied again to the pixel electrode. was repeated 15 times to bring all the pixels into the display state of the intermediate gradation 4.
  • Example 19 Block scan drive
  • a scanning operation is repeated 15 times, and then a pause period for 10 scanning operations is provided, and then the scanning operation is repeated 15 times to bring all pixels into the display state of intermediate gradation 5.
  • Example 20 Combination of reverse scan insertion drive and block scan drive
  • a scan operation is performed once in a state in which +15 V is applied to the pixel electrode after providing a pause period for 10 scan operations. After a pause period of 10 operations, the scan operation was repeated 15 times with -15 V applied to the pixel electrode, so that all the pixels were set to the display state of the intermediate gradation 5.
  • the reflectance (Y value) was measured using a spectrocolorimeter “SC-P” manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.
  • the light source used for the measurement was D65, a 10 ° field of view, the measurement hole was ⁇ 15, and the specular reflection was excluded.
  • the scanning was changed from 1 to 60 times in the gradation display driving step and stopped, and the reflectance after the application of each scanning number was measured and evaluated.
  • scanning number is 64 times or more: A” “scanning number is 32 times or more and less than 64 times: ⁇ ” “scanning number is 16 times or more and less than 32 times: ⁇ ” “scanning number is 15 times or less: x” did.
  • a display device using electrophoretic ink can maintain the display without giving energy after displaying the image, but the position of the particles slightly changes due to the discharge of electric charges stored in the particles and the influence of gravity, etc. There is a phenomenon that decreases. Specifically, the reflectance of the white display portion is reduced, and the reflectance of the black display portion is increased. In order to evaluate the degree of deterioration in display quality, the deterioration state was judged by looking at the display after being left for 3 days after the display rewriting. In the table, “change in display performance cannot be realized: ⁇ ”, “display deterioration can be realized: ⁇ ”, “display performance is significantly reduced: ⁇ ”.
  • FIG. 19 shows the reflectance after the gradation display driving step of evaluation in Examples 15 to 20.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 is composed of an electrophoretic display liquid composed of white particles 82, black particles 83, and a dispersion medium 81, and this is used as electronic ink has been described.
  • the electrophoretic display ink 23 used in the electrophoretic display device 1 according to the present invention is not limited to this and can be appropriately changed.
  • a configuration in which electronic ink is filled in a microcapsule can be employed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

Afin d'obtenir simultanément une amélioration des performances d'affichage telles que le contraste et la réflectance, et une amélioration de la performance d'affichage de gradation de précision, l'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique et une méthode de pilotage du dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique, ledit dispositif et ladite méthode étant caractérisés en ce qu'ils comprennent : une étape de pilotage identique de tous les pixels, dans laquelle toutes les électrodes de pixel (21) sont placées dans un état d'affichage identique par une commutation commune qui modifie le potentiel des électrodes communes (22) ; une étape de pilotage d'affichage de gradation, dans laquelle le potentiel des électrodes communes (22) est fixé à un potentiel intermédiaire par rapport au potentiel appliqué par la commutation commune aux électrodes communes (22), un certain nombre de balayages est commandé de façon que des pixels cibles atteignent une gradation souhaitée, pendant que des signaux de pixel sont appliqués à une pluralité de lignes de données (X) correspondant aux pixels cibles, et les électrodes de pixel susmentionnées sont placées dans un état de haute impédance après le balayage final ; et une étape d'arrêt, dans laquelle un court-circuit est créé entre les électrodes de pixel (21) et les électrodes communes (22) des pixels cibles une fois que les pixels cibles ont atteint la gradation souhaitée.
PCT/JP2014/061604 2013-04-30 2014-04-24 Méthode de pilotage de dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique et dispositif d'affichage électrophorétique Ceased WO2014178330A1 (fr)

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JP2013095224A JP2014215584A (ja) 2013-04-30 2013-04-30 電気泳動表示装置の駆動方法及び電気泳動表示装置
JP2013095223A JP2014215583A (ja) 2013-04-30 2013-04-30 電気泳動表示装置の駆動方法及び電気泳動表示装置
JP2013-095224 2013-04-30
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006227053A (ja) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-31 Seiko Epson Corp 電気光学装置、電子機器
JP2008242383A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Seiko Epson Corp 電気泳動表示装置、電気泳動表示装置の駆動方法及び電子機器
JP2011085921A (ja) * 2009-09-16 2011-04-28 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 表示装置およびその駆動方法
WO2011111594A1 (fr) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-15 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Dispositif de pilotage et dispositif d'affichage l'employant
JP2011180409A (ja) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 電気泳動表示装置及び表示パネルの駆動方法
WO2012008355A1 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage à électromigration et son procédé de commande
JP2012168209A (ja) * 2011-02-09 2012-09-06 Seiko Epson Corp 制御装置、表示装置、表示装置の制御方法および電子機器

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006227053A (ja) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-31 Seiko Epson Corp 電気光学装置、電子機器
JP2008242383A (ja) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Seiko Epson Corp 電気泳動表示装置、電気泳動表示装置の駆動方法及び電子機器
JP2011085921A (ja) * 2009-09-16 2011-04-28 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 表示装置およびその駆動方法
JP2011180409A (ja) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-15 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 電気泳動表示装置及び表示パネルの駆動方法
WO2011111594A1 (fr) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-15 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 Dispositif de pilotage et dispositif d'affichage l'employant
WO2012008355A1 (fr) * 2010-07-14 2012-01-19 三菱鉛筆株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage à électromigration et son procédé de commande
JP2012168209A (ja) * 2011-02-09 2012-09-06 Seiko Epson Corp 制御装置、表示装置、表示装置の制御方法および電子機器

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