[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2014168383A1 - Four industriel à combustion sans flamme utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, système de remise en circulation d'air inverse et système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse - Google Patents

Four industriel à combustion sans flamme utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, système de remise en circulation d'air inverse et système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014168383A1
WO2014168383A1 PCT/KR2014/002924 KR2014002924W WO2014168383A1 WO 2014168383 A1 WO2014168383 A1 WO 2014168383A1 KR 2014002924 W KR2014002924 W KR 2014002924W WO 2014168383 A1 WO2014168383 A1 WO 2014168383A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion
air
fuel
reverse
catalyst
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2014/002924
Other languages
English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
신동훈
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kookmin University
Original Assignee
Kookmin University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from KR1020130037904A external-priority patent/KR101446915B1/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020140028521A external-priority patent/KR101634793B1/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020140028503A external-priority patent/KR101599231B1/ko
Application filed by Kookmin University filed Critical Kookmin University
Publication of WO2014168383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014168383A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03006—Reverse flow combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/99001—Cold flame combustion or flameless oxidation processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an industrial reactive furnace, and more particularly, due to the presence of a high temperature flame zone, generation of nitrogen oxide (NOx), an environmental pollutant, and problems of pollution and durability when heat transfer occurs.
  • Conventional flameless combustion-type industrial furnaces that have had problems of fouling and slag due to local heating of the heat transfer surface and melting of ash by injecting fuel and air in the same direction using high temperature preheating air.
  • the present invention relates to a flameless combustion industrial furnace using a reverse air injection method that simultaneously solves combustion efficiency and acid gas problems by forming a combustion reaction by injecting air in a reverse direction of fuel and combustion gas flows. .
  • the present invention relates to a technical content of applying the above-described reverse air injection method to a general combustion furnace, such as a Flue Gas Recirculation system (hereinafter, also referred to as a 'FGR system'), and more specifically,
  • a general combustion furnace such as a Flue Gas Recirculation system (hereinafter, also referred to as a 'FGR system')
  • a 'FGR system' Flue Gas Recirculation system
  • the present invention relates to a reverse gas recirculation system having high efficiency reactivity by internally induced flow recirculation configured to reduce pollutants such as NOx and NOx.
  • the present invention relates to the technical contents of applying the reverse air injection method as described above to the fuel cell system, and more specifically, the use of expensive catalysts such as reforming catalysts and combustion catalysts increases manufacturing costs.
  • a catalyst-free reformer using a fast reverse air injection method without a catalyst is used. This maximizes the gas recirculation in the reactor to achieve uniform temperature and chemical reactions, while eliminating the need for additional components such as burners and heat exchangers to increase the catalyst temperature and the time required to reach the normal operating conditions of the system. Reduced resources, fuel cell system with faster heating and lower manufacturing and operating costs Relate to.
  • FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional mixed combustion industrial furnace 10.
  • the mixed combustion method industrial furnace 10 as shown in Fig. 1, the combustion furnace (11) for combustion, the fuel (Fuel) and air (Air) by mixing the combustion A mixer 12 for supplying the furnace 11, a burner 13 for combusting fuel supplied through the mixer 12, and a heat exchanger for circulating heat in the combustion furnace 11. And a heat exchanger 14.
  • the mixed combustion industrial furnace 10 described above is mixed and supplied by the mixer 12 before the fuel and air are introduced into the combustion furnace 11, whereby the mixed fuel and air are mixed. It is possible to generate high energy in a small space due to the rapid combustion reaction of, and is generally used mainly for pulverized coal, gas fuel, gasoline engine combustion and coal power plants, cogeneration plants, automobiles and domestic combustion devices.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional multi-stage combustion type industrial furnace 20.
  • the multi-stage combustion type industrial furnace 20 is composed of a combustion furnace 21, a mixer 22, a burner 23 and a heat exchanger 24, Similar to the mixed combustion industrial furnace 10 described above, in order to reduce the problems caused by the high flame temperature of the conventional mixed combustion method, air or fuel is divided into several stages and supplied to the combustion furnace 11 so that combustion is carried out in multiple stages. It is different in that it is configured to be made.
  • combustion can be performed in the absence of flame, such as FLOX (Flameless Oxidation) and MILD (Moderate and Intense Low oxygen Dilution). Flame-free industrial furnaces have been proposed.
  • FLOX Flumeless Oxidation
  • MILD Mode and Intense Low oxygen Dilution
  • the flameless combustion method described above is, for example, a high temperature air combustion (HiTAC) method using high temperature preheated air.
  • HiTAC high temperature air combustion
  • a heat storage regenerative heat exchanger having a complicated structure is generally required to preheat the air to about 1000 ° C., which increases the cost of the burner and causes the durability. .
  • the MILD method is designed to realize ultra-low NOx without complicated heat exchanger.
  • furnaces widely used in various fields such as thermal power plants, waste treatment combustion furnaces, gasification furnaces, domestic boilers, reformers and heaters for fuel cells, for example, grate combustion furnaces, fluidized bed reactions Furnaces and pyrolysis melt gasification furnaces.
  • the grate-type incineration device disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Publication No. 10-1144236 is a high-heating combustible waste solid fuel (Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) or waste plastic solid fuel (Refuse Plastic Fuel; RPF), etc.
  • RPF waste plastic Solid fuel
  • a movable grate and a fixed grate are arranged in a stairway form alternately, and a grate type incinerator in which the injected waste is incinerated while being moved to the discharge port by the operation of the movable grate, wherein a flow path is formed inside the fixed grate so that the coolant flows along the flow path. Cooling the stationary grate, and the air introduced into the movable grate After the warm-up through the exhaust holes formed in the movable grate relates to a child hwagyeok incinerator, characterized in that to be supplied into the incinerator.
  • an example of the related art for the fluidized bed reactor is, for example, a "circulating fluidized bed combustion apparatus and its combustion method" as shown in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0077657.
  • the present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed combustor capable of appropriately adjusting the temperature of a recovery section and a combustion method thereof.
  • an example of the prior art for the above-mentioned pyrolysis melt gasifier is, for example, "gasification furnace and a method for treating combustible materials using the same" as presented in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1323636.
  • Patent No. 10-1323636 discloses a gasification furnace and a method for treating combustible materials using the same, in communication with the gasification unit into which the combustible material is injected, the deposition unit communicating with the lower part of the gasification unit, and the side of the deposition unit.
  • the present invention relates to a gasification furnace and a method of treating combustible materials using the same, which can provide a synthesis gas having a low amount of harmful substances.
  • the high concentration of NOx is generated by the high temperature in the flame zone, high temperature resistant industrial furnace material is required, and the operating range is limited, the heat transfer design is difficult, and occurs at high temperature
  • the problem of the conventional mixed combustion and multistage combustion industrial furnaces which had the problem of contamination of heat transfer surface due to melting of the ash component, and the uniform temperature over the entire combustion chamber space due to the injection of hot preheated air in the same direction as the fuel
  • a uniform temperature distribution in the combustion chamber so that a uniform combustion reaction occurs in the entire combustion chamber space. Formation of NOx and incomplete combustion materials reduces the combustion efficiency and acid gas problems
  • One desirable to provide a new method of industrial combustion that can solve at the same time, yet the device or to a method of satisfying all these demands is the actual circumstances that does not provide.
  • FGR gas recirculation
  • the waste incineration method and apparatus for recycling the incinerator exhaust gas disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Publication No. 10-0689788 and mixing with oxygen recycle the exhaust gas generated in the waste incineration process and mix with oxygen
  • the waste incineration combustion process By reusing waste in the incineration combustion process, not only the emission of exhaust gas is greatly reduced, but also the heat conversion efficiency of the exhaust gas is recovered to increase the amount of heat generated, and the oxygen enrichment rate is increased. It relates to an incineration method and apparatus for improving the.
  • the existing FGR system is to add some exhaust gas to the existing combustion air
  • the degree of pollution is limited in reducing pollutants, and the cost of equipment increases by increasing the flow rate by circulating the flue gas flowing out of the chimney.
  • the clinker caused by local overheating of the furnace wall, which is a problem in the existing combustion furnace. Problems such as generation, boiler pipe corrosion, furnace wall damage, etc. are not completely solved, and there are problems such as corrosion of the FGR nozzle pipe by acid gas contained in the exhaust gas.
  • the conventional FGR technology as described above has a slight effect on reducing NOx by introducing exhaust gas in a combustion chamber in a manner similar to air input, but has a disadvantage in that the gas residence time in the combustion chamber is shortened due to an increase in the amount of exhaust gas.
  • the reaction efficiency due to turbulence is low due to the limitation of low-speed gas injection.
  • a fuel cell is an environmentally friendly energy source utilizing the reverse electrolysis of water, and a fuel cell for a relatively large scale power generation is conventionally known as a first generation fuel cell.
  • PAFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
  • MCFC Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
  • MCFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
  • SOFC Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
  • a phosphoric acid fuel cell is a fuel cell using liquid phosphoric acid as an electrolyte, and is expensive to manufacture due to the use of an electrode made of carbon paper and a platinum catalyst, which is an impurity in hydrogen gas supplied as a fuel. Carbon monoxide tends to be damaged by carbon monoxide, and liquid phosphoric acid is solidified at 40 ° C., so it is difficult to start and continuous operation is also limited.
  • molten carbonate fuel cells operate at a high temperature of 650 ° C., thus enabling the use of inexpensive nickel instead of platinum as a catalyst for electrode materials.
  • various fuels such as coal gas, natural gas, methanol, biomass, etc., which are difficult to use in low temperature fuel cells using platinum, the development of a corrosion resistant material for using molten carbonate that is highly corrosive at high temperature. There is a problem that requires technical verification, such as economic problems and securing life, reliability.
  • a solid oxide fuel cell is a fuel cell that uses a solid oxide capable of permeating oxygen or hydrogen ions as an electrolyte, and operates at the highest temperature (700 to 1000 ° C.) of all fuel cells. Due to the solid components, the structure is simpler than other fuel cells, and there is no problem of loss, replenishment, and corrosion of electrolyte.In addition, since it operates at high temperature, no precious metal catalyst is required, and fuel supply through direct internal reforming is possible. Since it is easy to discharge high-temperature gas, heat-combined power generation using waste heat is possible, and research and development is being actively conducted in developed countries such as the United States and Japan.
  • Examples of the prior art for such a fuel cell system include, for example, "fuel cell power generation system” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-051793, and WO 2003/041201. "Fuel cell system and its starting method” presented in Korean Patent Application Publication No. "Fuel cell power generation system and fuel cell power generation stopping method” presented in WO 2001/97312, and “Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0405142" Fuel cell power generation system "and the like, conventionally, the research and development has been made for a power generation system using a fuel cell, these conventional fuel cell systems had the following problems.
  • the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention, high concentration of NOx is generated by the high temperature of the flame zone, high thermal resistance industrial furnace material is required, operating range
  • problems of the conventional mixed combustion and multistage combustion industrial furnaces which have difficulty in heat transfer design, contamination of heat transfer due to melting of ash components generated at high temperature, and high temperature preheating air
  • the purpose of this invention is to provide a flameless combustion industrial furnace using a reverse air injection system that can reduce both NOx and incomplete combustion materials by forming a temperature distribution and solve both combustion efficiency and acid gas problems.
  • another object of the present invention is to apply a reverse air injection system as described above to a general combustion furnace, such as a gas recirculation (FGR) system, so that a small number of high-speed nozzles, rather than a number of low-speed nozzle arrangements, such as conventional FGR systems 2 to 3 times of the total flue gas flow rate by injecting the vertical flue gas jet from the combustion furnace or boiler ceiling near the flue gas outlet to induce the recirculation of the flue gas to draw up and circulate downward.
  • FGR gas recirculation
  • another object of the present invention is to apply the reverse air injection method as described above to the fuel cell system, that is, when the flow rate of the reaction oxidant is reduced to less than the equivalent air to operate the normal fuel is reformed to hydrogen and carbon monoxide
  • expensive catalysts such as fuel reforming and reforming catalysts and combustion catalysts generated in various industrial processes such as fuel cell systems and steelmaking process systems are used, and a burner for heating a catalytic reformer is necessary.
  • the operating cost increases, and it takes a long time to increase the temperature to the operating temperature due to the thermogravimetric effect of the catalyst, and if the input of moisture or air, which acts as an oxidant in the catalytic reaction, is inappropriate, local carbon is generated on the catalyst surface.
  • the catalystless reformer using a high-speed reverse air nozzle injection method without a catalyst is used.
  • the catalystless reformer using a high-speed reverse air nozzle injection method without a catalyst is used.
  • By maximizing the gas recirculation in the reactor to achieve uniformity of temperature and chemical reaction it eliminates the need for additional parts such as burners and heat exchangers to increase the catalyst temperature, and the time required to reach the normal operating conditions of the system. It is to provide a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a high speed reverse air nozzle having a low production cost and a low manufacturing cost due to reduced resources, and a fuel cell system using the same.
  • the combustion furnace is a combustion operation; A burner installed at one end of the combustion furnace for burning fuel in the combustion furnace; A heat exchanger for transferring heat in the combustion furnace; A fuel inlet connected to the burner to supply fuel into the combustion furnace; And at least one air inlet formed at the other end of the combustion furnace on the opposite side of the fuel inlet to supply air into the combustion furnace, the air being supplied in a direction opposite to the fuel injection direction.
  • a flameless combustion industrial furnace using a reverse air injection method is provided.
  • the industrial furnace is characterized in that it further comprises an air supply means for supplying air through the air inlet.
  • the air supply means is characterized in that it comprises an air pump for injecting air at high speed through the air inlet.
  • the industrial furnace is configured to further include a nozzle for injecting air through the air inlet, characterized in that configured to be able to control the flow rate of the injected air by changing the number of the nozzle.
  • the industrial furnace is characterized in that it is configured to distribute a part of the air injected through the air inlet to the fuel inlet side to control the temperature of the burner portion.
  • the industrial furnace is characterized in that it is configured to be used as combustion air for combustion by injecting preheated air heated at room temperature or a predetermined constant temperature into the combustion furnace through the air inlet.
  • the industrial furnace is characterized in that it is configured to prevent the occurrence of fouling and slag due to local heating and melting of the ash on the heat transfer surface by a uniform temperature distribution in the combustion chamber.
  • the industrial furnace is characterized by being configured to be applicable not only to gas combustion but also to combustion and gasification of liquid or solid fuel.
  • a combustion method characterized in that the combustion method is configured to perform a combustion or gasification reaction of gas, liquid or solid fuel using the flameless combustion industrial furnace using the reverse air injection method described above Is provided.
  • the existing Flue Gas Recirculation (FGR) system which is configured to circulate the exhaust gas at the rear end at the same or similar position as the combustion air, has a limitation in reducing the pollutants, and the equipment design and manufacturing cost are high.
  • IIFGR Internally Induced Flue Gas Recirculation
  • a system comprising: a combustion furnace in which a combustion operation takes place; A burner installed at one end of the combustion furnace; A fuel inlet connected to the burner to supply fuel into the combustion furnace; And a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) nozzle configured to create a flue gas internal recirculation zone that draws and circulates a rising flue gas by injecting a high velocity air jet vertically downward near the flue gas outlet of the upper portion of the furnace.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • the combustion furnace is characterized by using a grate type combustion furnace.
  • the combustion furnace is characterized by using a fluidized bed reactor.
  • the combustion furnace is characterized by using a pyrolysis melt gasification furnace.
  • the said IIFGR nozzle is characterized by using the high speed nozzle of 60 m / s or more.
  • the reverse gas recirculation system by using a plurality of low-speed nozzles, instead of the conventional gas recirculation (FGR) system configured to achieve the recirculation of the exhaust gas, the high-speed air jet in the vertical downward near the exhaust gas outlet to rise
  • the reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) nozzle consisting of the high-speed nozzle at the upper end of the combustion furnace to create an exhaust gas internal recirculation zone for drawing and circulating the flue gas, thereby providing a total exhaust gas flow rate by the exhaust gas internal recirculation zone.
  • a catalyst including a reforming catalyst and a combustion catalyst and a burner for reforming the heating are required, thereby increasing the complexity and operating cost, and it takes a long time to increase the operating temperature due to the thermogravimetric effect of the catalyst.
  • carbon is generated on the surface of the catalyst.
  • the fuel cell stack comprises; A catalystless reformer for injecting and mixing fuel and air in opposite directions to supply the fuel cell stack; And a heat exchanger for circulating heat generated in the fuel cell stack, and a fuel cell system to which a catalyst-free reformer using a high-speed reverse air injection is applied.
  • the non-catalyst fuel reformer may include a reaction furnace in which fuel and air are mixed; A fuel inlet formed on one side of the reactor; An exhaust port formed at an opposite side of the fuel injection port; And at least one high speed reverse air nozzle for injecting high speed air in a direction opposite to the fuel injection direction in the vicinity of the exhaust port.
  • non-catalyst fuel reformer is configured to inject air in a direction opposite to the injection direction of the fuel through the high-speed reverse air nozzle with an air input amount equal to or less than the equivalent air amount.
  • the high-speed reverse air nozzle is characterized in that it is configured by using a high-speed nozzle of 60 m / s or more.
  • the non-catalyst fuel reformer creates a strong turbulent recirculation zone in the reactor by injecting high velocity air from the high speed reverse air nozzle to maximize gas recirculation throughout the reactor.
  • a uniform chemical reaction and rapid temperature increase are possible without a separate catalyst, and It is characterized in that it is configured to convert the hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms contained in the fuel to hydrogen and CO required for the fuel cell reaction without using water.
  • non-catalyst fuel reformer is characterized in that the combustion reaction heat is generated by the amount of the injected air, characterized in that configured to be able to control the operating temperature by controlling the amount of air.
  • non-catalyst fuel reformer is characterized in that it is configured to be able to control the pressure in the reactor to a high pressure by the simplicity of the structure that the burner and the heat exchanger for raising the catalyst is unnecessary.
  • non-catalyst fuel reformer is configured to control the pressure in the reactor to a high pressure and to recycle the anode outlet gas using an ejector to recycle as fuel, thereby lowering the fuel flow rate and exhaust gas outlet temperature. It is characterized by being configured to increase the overall efficiency by increasing.
  • the production of NOx and incomplete combustion materials is reduced by injecting air in the opposite direction of the fuel and combustion gas flow to form a combustion reaction, thereby forming a uniform temperature distribution in the entire combustion chamber.
  • flameless combustion industrial furnace is provided by using reverse air injection method, high concentration NOx is generated by high temperature in flame zone, and high temperature resistant industrial furnace material is needed.
  • the combustion gas rising by the vertical downward high-speed air jet in the combustion furnace or boiler ceiling near the exhaust gas outlet By inducing a recirculation area inside the flue gas which draws down and circulates down, it generates a strong recirculation of 2 ⁇ 3 times of the total flue gas flow rate, and creates a strong turbulent flow by a high speed air jet nozzle, By inducing temperature and reaction field, it provides reverse gas recirculation system with high efficiency reactivity by internal induction flow recirculation which is configured to reduce the emission of NOx and CO simultaneously and improve the operation performance by stabilizing reaction of exhaust gas circulation zone.
  • a non-catalyst fuel reformer of a high-speed reverse air nozzle injection method without using a catalyst, it is possible to reduce the operating cost due to the periodic replacement of the catalyst, to maximize the gas recirculation in the reactor to uniform temperature And uniformity of chemical reactions, and additional parts such as burners and heat exchangers for raising the temperature of catalysts are eliminated, and the time and resources required to reach the normal operating conditions of the system are reduced.
  • a fuel cell system employing a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a high-speed reverse air injection method having high cost it is possible to use expensive catalysts such as reforming catalysts and combustion catalysts, and to require a burner for heating the catalytic reformer.
  • 1 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional mixed combustion industrial furnace.
  • FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional multi-stage combustion type industrial furnace.
  • FIG 3 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a flameless combustion industrial furnace using a reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of an experimental apparatus for verifying the performance of the flameless combustion industrial furnace using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration and experimental results of the experimental apparatus for performing a combustion experiment using the conventional mixed combustion method industrial furnace shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration and experimental results of the experimental apparatus for performing a combustion experiment using the flameless combustion industrial furnace using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional FGR system.
  • FIG. 8 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of the reverse gas recirculation system having a high efficiency reactive capacity by the internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a view schematically illustrating a specific configuration of an IIFGR nozzle installed in a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system having high efficiency reactivity by internal induction fluid recirculation according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • FIG. 10 is a view schematically showing a configuration in the case of applying a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system having a high efficiency reactive capacity by the internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention to a conventional grate type combustion furnace.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • FIG. 11 is a view schematically illustrating a configuration of a case where a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system having high efficiency reactivity by internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a conventional fluidized bed reactor.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • FIG. 12 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a conventional fuel cell system.
  • FIG. 13 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a fuel cell system using a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a fast reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a view schematically illustrating a specific configuration of a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a high speed reverse air injection method applied to a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 13.
  • 15 is a table showing the results of a fuel cell fuel gas manufacturing experiment using a fuel cell system to which a non-catalytic fuel reformer using a high speed reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a view showing a result of verifying the performance of the conventional fuel cell system using a process analysis program.
  • 17 is a view showing a result of verifying the performance of a fuel cell system to which a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a fast reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention using a process analysis program.
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a result of verifying the performance of a fuel cell system using a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a high speed reverse air nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention using an ejector.
  • FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a combustion furnace 31 in which combustion occurs, a burner 32 for burning fuel, and combustion It is similar to the conventional industrial furnaces in that the heat exchanger 33 for heat transfer in the furnace 31 is similar, but the conventional industrial furnaces in that there is no mixer for mixing fuel and air to supply the combustion furnace. Is different.
  • the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, the fuel inlet 34 for supplying fuel and the air for supplying air It is characterized in that the injection holes 35 are formed in opposite directions, respectively.
  • the fuel inlet 34 is disposed at one end of the combustion furnace 31. Only fuel is supplied by being connected to the burner 32 installed, and at least one air inlet 35 is formed at the other end of the combustion furnace 31 on the opposite side, so that air is supplied in a direction opposite to the fuel injection direction. It is configured to be.
  • the configuration of forming a combustion reaction by injecting air in the opposite direction of the combustion gas flow is a method that has not been attempted in a conventional general industrial furnace, that is, a conventional flameless combustion method (FLOXTM, MILD) and fuel and
  • FLOXTM flameless combustion method
  • MILD magnetic resonance melting method
  • the configuration for injecting air in the same direction has been proposed, but the configuration for injecting fuel and air in opposite directions as in the present invention has not been proposed.
  • the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention described above although not shown, as a means for supplying air through the air inlet 35, for example It may further comprise an air supply means, such as an air pump, it can be configured to enable air injection at high speed.
  • an air supply means such as an air pump
  • the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention can control the input air flow rate by changing the number of nozzles for injecting air through the air injection hole 35.
  • a portion of the injected air may be distributed to the fuel inlet 34 to control the temperature of the burner portion.
  • the configuration of the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention by the high-speed air injection by the air supply means such as an air pump Strong turbulent mixing takes place in the furnace, and as fuel and air are introduced from a distance, uniform combustion reactions occur in the entire combustion chamber space, thereby generating flameless combustion and uniform temperature distribution in the combustion chamber. It becomes possible.
  • the air supply means such as an air pump
  • the conventional flameless combustion method generally used high-temperature preheated air, according to the configuration of the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, It can be used as combustion air for combustion, from room temperature air to high temperature preheated air.
  • the reaction occurs in a uniform temperature field of about 1000 degrees Celsius in the entire combustion chamber space Accordingly, low NOx is generated, and incomplete combustion materials such as CO are emitted low by promoting combustion reaction by high turbulent mixing, thereby simultaneously solving combustion efficiency and acid gas problems.
  • the gasification reaction has a high efficiency reaction efficiency, which requires high heat transfer performance and uniform reaction performance, such as thermal power plants, various industrial furnaces, waste treatment combustion furnaces, gasification furnaces, domestic boilers, fuel cell reformers, and heaters. It is widely applicable to facilities.
  • Figure 4 shows the overall configuration of the experimental apparatus for verifying the performance of the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above It is a figure which shows schematically.
  • the experimental apparatus for the combustion experiment of the present embodiment by installing a plurality of temperature sensors 41 in a row from the burner side where the fuel is burned to the discharge port through which the combustion gas is discharged, The temperature distribution can be measured, and a gas sensor 42 is attached to the gas outlet side to analyze the components of the exhaust gas.
  • the plurality of temperature sensors 41 may be configured using, for example, K-type thermo couples, and the gas sensor 42 may be, for example, TESTO-.
  • 330 can be configured using a 2LL Gas Analyzer.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration and experimental results of an experimental apparatus for performing a combustion experiment using a conventional combined combustion type industrial furnace.
  • the temperature deviation from the burner portion of the combustion furnace to the gas outlet portion is the temperature 1135 near the burner which is the highest temperature. It can be seen that a temperature deviation of about 400 ° C. occurred from the gas discharge temperature of 748 ° C. at the lowest temperature.
  • FIG. 6 is a general configuration and experimental results of an experimental apparatus for performing a combustion experiment using the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows schematically.
  • the results of the combustion experiment using the flameless combustion industrial furnace 30 using the reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention first, the cold fuel in the temperature distribution
  • the burner and the air inlet portion where the and air are injected are 801 °C and 888 °C with the lowest temperature, the maximum temperature is 939 °C between the fuel and air, and the temperature deviation between the highest and the lowest temperature is about 130 As a degree C, the temperature distribution is relatively uniform compared to 400 ° C. of the conventional mixed combustion industrial furnace shown in FIG. 5, which indicates that a uniform reaction occurs in the entire space of the combustion furnace.
  • the flameless combustion industrial furnace using the reverse air injection method according to the present invention can be implemented.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating the overall configuration of a conventional FGR system.
  • FIG. 7 shows a case where the FGR system is applied to a grate type combustion furnace as an example of the conventional FGR system.
  • the grate type combustion furnace 70 provided with the conventional FGR system shown in FIG. 7 is divided roughly into the combustion furnace 73 provided with the primary combustion chamber 71 and the secondary combustion chamber 72; And a grate 74 disposed below the combustion furnace 73 and a plurality of air injection nozzles for supplying the exhaust gas recycled to the secondary combustion chamber 72 and the grate 74, respectively. 75), a fuel injection unit 76 for supplying fuel to the combustion furnace, and an exhaust gas discharge unit 77 for discharging the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas at the rear end is circulated at the same or similar position as the combustion air to increase the flow rate of the combustion gas, thereby lowering the combustion chamber temperature to reduce NOx or the like. It is configured to reduce pollutants, and generally, flue gas is injected near primary air or secondary air, and low temperature flue gas from chimney or IDF (Induced Draft Fan) outlet is injected into the hot combustion zone to reduce the local superheat temperature. It is configured to lower and reduce NOx.
  • the conventional FGR system as described above has a limitation in reducing pollutants such as CO at the level of adding some exhaust gas to the existing combustion air, and also increases the flow rate by circulating the exhaust gas exiting the chimney. As a result, the design reference capacity is increased, increasing the burden on facility design and manufacturing costs.
  • the conventional FGR system also has a problem that corrosion occurs in the FGR nozzle pipe due to the acid gas contained in the exhaust gas when the capacity of the acid gas removing facility is insufficient.
  • the conventional FGR technology has a somewhat effective effect of reducing NOx by introducing exhaust gas into the combustion chamber in a similar manner as injecting air into the combustion chamber, but there is a disadvantage in that the gas residence time in the combustion chamber is shortened due to the increased amount of exhaust gas. There is also a problem that the reaction efficiency due to turbulence is low due to the limitation of low-speed gas injection.
  • the present inventors use a reverse high-speed air injection method as described above, rather than a low-speed nozzle arrangement like the conventional FGR system, and the combustion furnace or boiler near the exhaust gas outlet.
  • a reverse high-speed air injection method as described above, rather than a low-speed nozzle arrangement like the conventional FGR system, and the combustion furnace or boiler near the exhaust gas outlet.
  • the new configuration can reverse gas recirculation system is configured to increase the; a (Internally Induced Flue Gas Recirculation system hereinafter referred to as "IIFGR system") was proposed.
  • IIFGR system Internally Induced Flue Gas Recirculation system
  • FIG. 8 is a view schematically showing the overall configuration of a reverse gas recirculation system having high efficiency reactivity by internally induced flow recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system 80 having high efficiency reactivity by internally induced flow recirculation includes a combustion furnace 81 in which a combustion operation is performed, and a combustion furnace.
  • a burner 82 provided at one end of the 81, a fuel injection port 83 connected to the burner 82 for supplying fuel into the combustion furnace 81, and supplying air into the combustion furnace 81;
  • a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) nozzle 84 formed on the opposite side of the fuel injection port 83, so that air is supplied in a direction opposite to the fuel injection direction.
  • the above-described combustion furnace 81 may be configured by using various industrial furnaces such as, for example, a grate combustion furnace, a fluidized bed reactor, a pyrolysis melt gasification furnace, and the like. Although a description of the specific configuration or operation thereof is omitted, it should be noted that the IIFGR system 80 according to the embodiment of the present invention has an advantage that can be widely applied to various conventional combustion furnaces and reactors.
  • IIFGR nozzle 84 may be configured using, for example, a high speed nozzle of 60 m / s or more.
  • FIG. 9 is an IIFGR installed in a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system 20 having high efficiency reactivity by internally induced flow recirculation according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the specific structure of the nozzle 24 schematically.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • the exhaust gas is recycled using a plurality of low-speed nozzles, but the IIFGR system 80 according to the embodiment of the present invention applies a small number of high-speed nozzles as shown in FIG. 9.
  • a flue gas internal recirculation zone 91 which draws up and circulates the rising flue gas by injecting a vertical downward high speed air jet from a combustion furnace or boiler ceiling near the flue gas outlet.
  • the exhaust gas internal recirculation region 91 as described above achieves a strong recirculation of 2 to 3 times the total flue gas flow rate, and a strong turbulent flow is formed by the high-speed air jet nozzle of 60 m / s or more level.
  • uniform temperature and reaction field are induced in the combustion chamber internal space.
  • the local overheating area of the combustion chamber or boiler can be drastically reduced, thereby reducing the damage of the refractory material or the boiler water pipe. Therefore, the durability of the whole facility can be increased.
  • FIG. 10 is a case where a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system 80 having high efficiency reactivity by internal induction flow recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a conventional grate type combustion furnace. It is a figure which shows schematically the structure of this.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system 80 having high efficiency reactivity by internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied to an existing grate type combustion furnace.
  • the exhaust gas recirculation zone as described above is maximized in the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber to maximize the mixing effect, thereby inducing not only combustion of unburned fuel but also uniform temperature distribution to reduce local overheating zone, thereby improving durability of the facility.
  • Figure 11 is a case of applying a reverse gas recirculation (IIFGR) system 80 having a high efficiency reactivity by the internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention to a conventional fluidized bed reactor It is a figure which shows a structure schematically.
  • IIFGR reverse gas recirculation
  • the conventional fluidized-bed reactors induce uniform mixing and reaction in the fluidized bed (primary combustion chamber) due to the nature of the fluidized bed, but incomplete combustion occurs when operating at low oxygen concentrations due to insufficient air input. In this case, there is a problem that complete mixing does not occur depending on the fuel injection position. In this case, as in the above-described grate type combustion furnace, there is a limit to only the secondary air in the freeboard (secondary combustion chamber). .
  • the conventional pyrolysis melt gasification furnace but the damage of the refractory material can easily occur due to the local superheat due to the nature of the high-temperature melting furnace, but the reverse gas recirculation having high efficiency reactivity by the internal induction fluid recirculation according to an embodiment of the present invention ( The application of the IIFGR) system 80 can easily solve this problem.
  • the simulation results showed that CO was 305ppm and NO was 234ppm without IIFGR, but when IIFGR was applied, it was confirmed that CO was 4.3ppm and NO was 222ppm. From these results, according to the present invention, IIFGR When applied, it can be seen that a small amount of NOx is reduced but CO can be abruptly reduced to a level of 1/100, that is, it indicates that complete combustion of incomplete combustion materials is possible.
  • the present inventors also conducted a performance test on the Nonsan sewage sludge fluidized bed incinerator.
  • the fluidized bed specifications are 70cm in height, 1m in inner diameter, freeboard specifications are 2m in height, 1.2m in inner diameter, combustion gas oxygen concentration is 6%, CO concentration is 5000ppm, total air
  • the input was 1500 Nm / hr and the IIFGR input was 10% of the total air volume.
  • the combustion experiment was carried out in a fluidized bed incinerator of sewage sludge + coal.
  • the IIFGR nozzle effect was not shown at the fluidized bed temperature of 600 °C and the freeboard temperature of 400 °C, but at the fluidized bed temperature of 800 °C and the freeboard temperature of 650 °C, CO 5000 ppm and 1800ppm were applied when IIFGR was not applied. It confirmed that it became.
  • the application of IIFGR according to the present invention has a greater effect at a higher temperature, that is, considering that the temperature of a generally operated incinerator is about 800 °C, by the application of IIFGR according to the present invention It is expected that a higher CO reduction effect can be obtained.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram schematically illustrating an overall configuration of a conventional fuel cell system 120.
  • the conventional fuel cell system 120 is roughly divided into a fuel cell stack 121 including a plurality of fuel cells, a catalyst reformer 122 for reforming a catalyst, and a catalyst reformer ( Burner 123, water evaporator 124, and heat exchanger 125 for heating 122.
  • the fuel cell system 120 of the fuel cell system 120 requires a burner 123 for heating the catalyst reformer 122, and generates heat loss due to water supply for smooth catalyst reforming without carbon generation. Due to the difficulty in controlling, it takes a long time due to the complexity of the system and the thermogravimetric effect of the catalyst at the start and stop, and difficult to control for stable operation.
  • FIG. 13 schematically illustrates the overall configuration of a fuel cell system 130 to which a non-catalyst fuel reformer using a high speed reverse air injection method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is applied.
  • the fuel cell system 130 includes a fuel cell stack 131 including a plurality of fuel cells. Circulating heat generated by the non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 and the fuel cell stack 131 including a high speed reverse air nozzle to supply the fuel cell and the air to the fuel cell stack 131. It is possible to configure the fuel cell system only by a simple configuration of the heat exchanger 133 for the purpose of, it is different in that it is configured to achieve a reduction in the production cost and ease of operation by simplifying the system.
  • FIG. 14 is a detailed view of the non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using the fast reverse air injection method applied to the fuel cell system 130 according to the embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 13. It is a figure which shows a structure schematically.
  • the non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using the fast reverse air injection method applied to the fuel cell system 130 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a reactor 141 in which fuel and air are mixed. ), A fuel inlet 142 formed on one side of the reactor 141, an exhaust port 143 formed on the opposite side of the fuel inlet 142, and an outlet of the reactor 141 in which the exhaust port 143 is located. At least one high-speed reverse air nozzle 144 for injecting high-speed air in the made.
  • the high speed reverse air nozzle 144 may be configured using a high speed nozzle of 60 m / s or more.
  • the air is injected at a high speed in the direction opposite to the injection of fuel through the high speed reverse air nozzle 144, where
  • the inside of the reactor 141 is made into the flameless area, and the gas recirculation in the reactor is maximized to achieve uniformity of temperature and chemical reaction, while CO and hydrogen required for the fuel cell reaction are achieved.
  • the conventional fuel cell systems have a problem in that a soot is formed by the presence of a fuel excess region in a high temperature local region in an incomplete mixture state of a fuel and an oxidant, but a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 130 includes a non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using a high-speed reverse air injection method configured as described above, whereby a flame-free region is formed in the reactor 141, so that the equivalent amount of air is generally lower than There is little generation of soot generated, there is an advantage that does not cause problems in the reaction of the fuel cell operated at high temperatures, such as MCFC or SOFC.
  • the fuel cell system 130 includes the non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using the high speed reverse air injection method configured as described above, whereby the entire region of the reactor 141 is provided.
  • the reaction is characterized in that the ideal reforming reaction is possible.
  • the fuel cell system 130 includes a catalyst-free reformer 132 using a high-speed reverse air injection method, which is configured as described above, so that there is no catalyst in the reactor. This eliminates the need for additional components such as burners or heat exchangers for elevated temperatures, and reduces the time and resources required to reach the normal operating conditions of the system.
  • the fuel cell system 130 includes a non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using a high speed reverse air injection method configured as described above, thereby using a flameless reactor having characteristics of autothermal reforming. Even without the use of additional water, the hydrogen and carbon atoms contained in the fuel can be converted into hydrogen and CO for the fuel cell reaction.
  • the high speed reverse air nozzle 144 installed on the opposite side of the fuel inlet 142 is generated by injecting high speed air.
  • a strong turbulent recirculation zone in the reactor allows rapid mixing of the fuel coming from the fuel port with air and reaction in a uniform temperature space, resulting in near-equilibrium reaction results without a separate catalyst.
  • the non-catalyst fuel reformer 132 using the high-speed reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention generates heat of combustion reaction as much as the amount of injected air, so that the operating temperature can be easily controlled by adjusting the air amount, and thus no catalyst is used. Due to the low heat weight of the reactor, the energy that goes into the temperature rise at the start-up is possible and the temperature can be increased quickly, and the time to reach the normal operating conditions of the fuel cell system is shortened, and the simplicity of the structure allows the pressure in the reactor to be controlled at high pressure. have.
  • the flameless combustion reaction is utilized using the fuel cell system 130 to which the catalyst-free reformer using the fast reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above is applied.
  • One fuel cell fuel gas manufacturing experiment result will be described.
  • Figure 15 summarizes the results of the fuel cell fuel gas manufacturing experiment using the fuel cell system 130 to which the non-catalyst fuel reformer using the high-speed reverse air injection method according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a figure which shows.
  • the fuel cell gas can be manufactured without preheating air and fuel, and thus the fuel cell system 130 to which the catalyst-free reformer using the fast reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied. ), It can be seen that there is no need for the heat exchanger and the catalytic reformer, which were necessary in the existing fuel cell system.
  • the fuel cell system 130 to which the non-catalyst fuel reformer using the high speed reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is not required because a separate water for reforming is not required, and thus, water evaporation is not necessary. There is also no energy loss, thereby enabling the construction of a fuel cell system that is economical and easy to operate.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a result of verifying performance of a conventional fuel cell system using a process analysis program
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a high speed according to an embodiment of the present invention using a process analysis program
  • 2 shows the results of verifying the performance of the fuel cell system 130 to which the non-catalyst fuel reformer using the reverse air injection method is applied.
  • the process analysis results of the conventional fuel cell system is shown in the process diagram that the complex combination of a plurality of heat exchanger, evaporator, reformer, combustor, etc.
  • Raw materials of 0.085 kg / s of fuel, 0.17kg / s of water, and 3.8 kg / s of air are input for the production of 1MW fuel cell power under the condition of 0.2, and exhaust gas has a temperature of 404 °C. Appeared.
  • the process analysis results of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention unlike the existing system is complex with each other and the complexity of operating the system, the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure As shown in 17, it has a simple configuration consisting of a simple connection, making it easy to manufacture and operate the system.
  • the flow rate of natural gas, a fuel for producing 1 MW of power is 0.091 kg / s.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas is 863 ° C., which is higher than that of the existing system, so that the exhaust gas can be used as an energy source of other heat engines, thereby forming a more efficient system.
  • the system is simplified and the efficiency is not inferior due to the disappearance of the moisture evaporator.
  • the outlet gas of the fuel side may be recycled by using an ejector, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.
  • FIG. 18 is a view showing a result of verifying the performance of the fuel cell system 130 to which the non-catalyst fuel reformer using the high speed reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention using the ejector. to be.
  • the analysis result of the process of raising the pressure in the non-catalyst reformer of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the present invention and recycling the anode gas using the ejector shows that the fuel flow rate is lowered to 0.079 kg / s.
  • the exhaust gas outlet temperature is increased to 913 °C it can be seen that the overall efficiency increases.
  • the fuel cell system using the flameless combustion industrial furnace using the reverse air injection method, the reverse gas recirculation system, and the non-catalyst fuel reformer using the high speed reverse air injection method according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above.
  • the present invention is not limited only to the contents described in the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is designed by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains and requires various other designs. Naturally, various modifications, changes, combinations and substitutions are possible depending on factors.
  • the present invention is configured to inject air in the reverse direction of the fuel and combustion gas flow to form a combustion reaction, so that strong turbulent mixing by high-speed air injection occurs and the fuel and air are introduced at a long distance.
  • a uniform combustion reaction occurs in the entire combustion chamber space, resulting in low NOx.
  • incomplete combustion materials such as CO are emitted low due to the promotion of the combustion reaction by high turbulent mixing, which simultaneously solves combustion efficiency and acid gas problems.
  • it has a wide operating range that can be used for both air at room temperature and high temperature preheated air, and has high efficiency reaction efficiency not only for gas combustion but also for liquid / solid fuel combustion and gasification reactions such as oil, coal, and waste.
  • the recirculation zone is generated by the strong reverse air injection is applied to a small number of high speed nozzles rather than a plurality of low speed nozzle arrays as in the conventional FGR system, so that the combustion furnace or the boiler ceiling is located near the exhaust gas outlet.
  • a non-catalyst fuel reformer of a high-speed reverse air injection method without using a catalyst to reduce the operating cost due to the periodic replacement of the catalyst and a non-high speed reverse air injection method configured to facilitate the operation
  • expensive catalysts such as reforming catalysts and combustion catalysts are used, and a burner for heating the catalytic reformer is necessary, thereby increasing the complexity and operating cost of the system, and the thermogravimetric effect of the catalyst.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un four industriel à combustion sans flamme, utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, pouvant améliorer l'efficacité de la combustion et résoudre un problème de gaz acide par la même occasion par injection d'air dans le sens inverse de l'écoulement d'un combustible et d'un gaz de combustion. L'invention concerne également un système de remise en recirculation de gaz inverse, apte à réduire les matières polluantes par injection d'un gaz à grande vitesse dans la direction allant de la partie supérieure à la partie inférieure d'une chambre de combustion à proximité d'une sortie de gaz d'échappement, et présentant une performance réactionnelle extrêmement efficace en raison de la remise en circulation induite de manière interne. L'invention concerne également un système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur d combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, au cours de laquelle un système de pile à combustible utilise un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur du type à injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse, au lieu d'un catalyseur, ce qui permet d'augmenter rapidement la température, de réduire les coûts de fonctionnement pour le remplacement du catalyseur, et de faciliter la gestion.
PCT/KR2014/002924 2013-04-08 2014-04-04 Four industriel à combustion sans flamme utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, système de remise en circulation d'air inverse et système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse Ceased WO2014168383A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2013-0037904 2013-04-08
KR1020130037904A KR101446915B1 (ko) 2013-04-08 2013-04-08 역방향 공기주입 방식을 이용한 무화염 연소 공업로
KR1020140028521A KR101634793B1 (ko) 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 고속 역방향 공기노즐을 이용한 무촉매 무화염 연료 개질기 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 시스템
KR10-2014-0028503 2014-03-11
KR1020140028503A KR101599231B1 (ko) 2014-03-11 2014-03-11 내부유도 유동재순환에 의한 고효율 반응성능을 가지는 역방향 가스 재순환 시스템
KR10-2014-0028521 2014-03-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014168383A1 true WO2014168383A1 (fr) 2014-10-16

Family

ID=51689744

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR2014/002924 Ceased WO2014168383A1 (fr) 2013-04-08 2014-04-04 Four industriel à combustion sans flamme utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, système de remise en circulation d'air inverse et système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014168383A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114485172A (zh) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-13 陆彦霖 一种黄磷气化燃烧炉
CN115180708A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-10-14 深圳市华尔信环保科技有限公司 一种超临界水气化反应器及能量利用系统
CN119617401A (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-03-14 佛山仙湖实验室 一种快速冷启动无焰燃烧炉及控制方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR910018661A (ko) * 1990-04-16 1991-11-30 아더 엠. 킹 프리버너를 가진 저 NOx방출 가스 터빈 촉매 연소기
KR100824483B1 (ko) * 2000-09-11 2008-04-22 존 징크 컴파니 엘엘씨 액체 및 가스 연료 연소용 저 질소산화물 장치 및 방법
US20080131823A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2008-06-05 Tidjani Niass Homogeous Combustion Method and Thermal Generator Using Such a Method
KR20090005352A (ko) * 2006-04-03 2009-01-13 프랙스에어 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 산소 연료 연소 및 공기 연료 연소의 통합

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR910018661A (ko) * 1990-04-16 1991-11-30 아더 엠. 킹 프리버너를 가진 저 NOx방출 가스 터빈 촉매 연소기
KR100824483B1 (ko) * 2000-09-11 2008-04-22 존 징크 컴파니 엘엘씨 액체 및 가스 연료 연소용 저 질소산화물 장치 및 방법
US20080131823A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2008-06-05 Tidjani Niass Homogeous Combustion Method and Thermal Generator Using Such a Method
KR20090005352A (ko) * 2006-04-03 2009-01-13 프랙스에어 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 산소 연료 연소 및 공기 연료 연소의 통합

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114485172A (zh) * 2022-01-20 2022-05-13 陆彦霖 一种黄磷气化燃烧炉
CN114485172B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2024-11-01 南京耐思特互联网络科技有限公司 一种黄磷气化燃烧炉
CN115180708A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-10-14 深圳市华尔信环保科技有限公司 一种超临界水气化反应器及能量利用系统
CN115180708B (zh) * 2022-07-06 2023-08-22 深圳市华尔信环保科技有限公司 一种超临界水气化反应器及能量利用系统
CN119617401A (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-03-14 佛山仙湖实验室 一种快速冷启动无焰燃烧炉及控制方法
CN119617401B (zh) * 2025-02-11 2025-06-10 佛山仙湖实验室 一种快速冷启动无焰燃烧炉及控制方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5692890A (en) Combination apparatus
EP1772511A1 (fr) Système de gazéification de carburant solide
KR0164586B1 (ko) 유동상 반응기의 질소 함유 연료 연소시의 n2o 배출 감소 방법
US10309644B2 (en) Method for the ignition of a power plant burner, and coal dust burner suitable for the method
HU215884B (hu) Eljárás síküveggyártó kemence véggázának NOx-és CO-tartalma csökkentésére, és javított síküveggyártó kemencék
KR20030031909A (ko) 3단계 연료산화 및 인시추 노 연도가스 재순환을 이용한산화질소 저배출
Budzianowski et al. Towards improvements in thermal efficiency and reduced harmful emissions of combustion processes by using recirculation of heat and mass: A review
WO2014168383A1 (fr) Four industriel à combustion sans flamme utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse, système de remise en circulation d'air inverse et système de pile à combustible appliquant un reformeur de combustible exempt de catalyseur utilisant une technique d'injection d'air inverse à grande vitesse
KR101133434B1 (ko) 고온 ｆｇｒ을 이용한 저공해 연소장치
KR100513932B1 (ko) 용융 배가스를 열분해로내로 투입하여 폐기물을 직접 가열하는 열분해장치 및 이를 이용한 열분해 공정
JP6588021B2 (ja) 電気化学反応を実施するために余熱を利用するシステム
KR100886190B1 (ko) 탈질공정을 갖는 엔진 열병합발전소 배기가스 환원분위기조성용 버너
KR101282581B1 (ko) 폐기물 고형연료를 이용한 보일러의 연소장치
JP4243764B2 (ja) 熱分解ガス化溶融システムとその昇温方法
JP5981696B2 (ja) ガス化溶融設備の溶融炉
JP2002228129A (ja) 廃棄物燃焼炉
KR101599231B1 (ko) 내부유도 유동재순환에 의한 고효율 반응성능을 가지는 역방향 가스 재순환 시스템
CN219264299U (zh) 一种适用于垃圾焚烧炉的沼气直接式空气预热器
WO2016036161A1 (fr) Appareil de récupération de chaleur utilisant un four de fusion et de gazéification de déchets à lit fixe
Capocelli Flameless Combustion
JPH0531045B2 (fr)
KR20090132079A (ko) 합성가스 멀티 버너 장치 및 이를 이용한 합성가스의재순환에 의한 폐기물 처리 장치
CN218972677U (zh) 尾气焚烧装置
KR101446915B1 (ko) 역방향 공기주입 방식을 이용한 무화염 연소 공업로
KR102342834B1 (ko) 폐플라스틱의 대량 처리를 위한 uht 플라즈마 연소 시스템

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 14782599

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 14782599

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1