WO2014141694A1 - 光触媒体とそれを用いた光触媒分散液、光触媒塗料、光触媒膜および製品 - Google Patents
光触媒体とそれを用いた光触媒分散液、光触媒塗料、光触媒膜および製品 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a photocatalyst and a photocatalyst dispersion using the photocatalyst, a photocatalyst coating, a photocatalyst film, and a product.
- Titanium oxide is known as a photocatalyst material used for antifouling and deodorizing purposes.
- Photocatalytic materials are used in various fields such as outdoor and indoor building materials, home appliances such as lighting devices, air purifiers, and air conditioners, toilets, washstands, mirrors, and bathrooms.
- home appliances such as lighting devices, air purifiers, and air conditioners, toilets, washstands, mirrors, and bathrooms.
- titanium oxide is excited in the ultraviolet region, sufficient photocatalytic performance cannot be obtained indoors where there is little ultraviolet light. Therefore, research and development of visible light responsive photocatalysts that exhibit photocatalytic performance even under visible light are being promoted.
- Tungsten oxide is known as a visible light responsive photocatalyst.
- the photocatalyst film using tungsten oxide is formed, for example, by applying a dispersion containing tungsten oxide fine particles to the surface of a substrate of a product that imparts photocatalytic performance.
- a dispersion containing tungsten oxide fine particles for example, an aqueous dispersion in which tungsten oxide fine particles having an average primary particle diameter (D50) in the range of 1 to 400 nm are dispersed in water or the like so that the pH is in the range of 1.5 to 6.5 is used.
- D50 average primary particle diameter
- the dispersibility of the tungsten oxide fine particles is enhanced, and the formability of the film containing the tungsten oxide fine particles is improved. Therefore, a photocatalytic film capable of stably exhibiting the photocatalytic performance of the tungsten oxide fine particles can be obtained.
- a conventional photocatalytic film containing tungsten oxide fine particles exhibits a gas decomposition rate of 5% or more in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is about 2000 lx, for example.
- the decomposition performance of harmful gases such as acetaldehyde is not always sufficient, and therefore the improvement of gas decomposition performance under low illuminance is required.
- the conventional photocatalyst film containing tungsten oxide fine particles has a problem that the gas decomposition rate becomes slow in an environment where the gas concentration is low because the gas adsorption force is weak. For this reason, there is a demand for high performance gas resolution using a visible light responsive photocatalyst.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a photocatalyst capable of exhibiting photocatalytic performance such as good gas resolution even in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is low or an environment where the gas concentration is low. It is to provide a photocatalyst dispersion, a photocatalyst coating material, a photocatalyst film and a product.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment includes tungsten oxide group fine particles containing tungsten oxide in a range of 5% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the ratio of the Raman spectrum by the Raman spectroscopy photocatalyst, the peak intensity X observed in the range of 920 cm -1 or more 950 cm -1 or less to the intensity Y of the peaks observed in the range of 800 cm -1 or more 810 cm -1 or less (X / Y) exceeds 0 and is 0.04 or less.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment includes tungsten oxide group fine particles containing tungsten oxide in the range of 5 to 100% by mass.
- the tungsten oxide group fine particles constituting the photocatalyst include single particles of tungsten oxide, or fine particles of a mixture or composite of tungsten oxide and another metal element.
- the content of tungsten oxide is in the range of 5 to 100% by mass. When the content of tungsten oxide is less than 5% by mass, the visible light responsive photocatalytic performance based on the tungsten oxide fine particles cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the content of tungsten oxide is preferably 45% by mass or more.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment can contain a metal element excluding tungsten (hereinafter referred to as an additive metal element).
- the metal element contained in the photocatalyst include transition metal elements excluding tungsten, zinc group elements such as zinc, and earth metal elements such as aluminum.
- the transition metal element is an element having an atomic number of 21 to 29, 39 to 47, 57 to 79, 89 to 109, and a metal element other than tungsten (atomic number 74) can be included in the photocatalyst.
- Zinc group elements are elements having atomic numbers 30, 48, and 80
- earth metal elements are elements having atomic numbers 13, 31, 49, and 81. These metal elements may be contained in the photocatalyst body. By including a metal element in an appropriate amount in the photocatalyst body, the visible light responsive photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst body can be improved.
- the content of the additive metal element in the photocatalyst is preferably in the range of 0.001 to 50% by mass.
- the content of the additive metal element is less than 0.001% by mass, the effect of improving the photocatalytic performance cannot be sufficiently obtained.
- the content of the additive metal element exceeds 50% by mass, the content of the tungsten oxide is relatively decreased, so that the photocatalytic performance based on the tungsten oxide fine particles may be deteriorated.
- the content of the additive metal element is more preferably in the range of 0.005 to 10% by mass.
- Metal elements (additional metal elements) to be included in the photocatalyst are titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum It is preferably at least one selected from (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), cerium (Ce), and aluminum (Al).
- Ti titanium
- Zr zirconium
- Mn manganese
- Fe iron
- Ni nickel
- Pd palladium
- platinum It is preferably at least one selected from (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), cerium (Ce), and aluminum (Al).
- a representative example of the presence form of the additive metal element in the photocatalyst is a metal oxide.
- the photocatalyst body preferably contains an oxide of an additive metal element in addition to tungsten oxide.
- the content of the added metal element oxide in the photocatalyst is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 70% by mass.
- the oxide of the additional metal element is at least one selected from zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and ruthenium oxide. By including such a metal oxide in the photocatalyst body, the photocatalytic performance can be improved more effectively.
- the content of the metal oxide other than tungsten oxide in the photocatalyst is more preferably in the range of 0.02 to 55% by mass.
- the additive metal element can be contained in various forms.
- the photocatalyst can contain the additive metal element as a simple substance of the additive metal element, a compound such as an oxide, a composite compound with tungsten oxide, or the like.
- the additive metal element may form a composite oxide with two or more metal elements.
- the simple substance or compound of the additive metal element may be supported on tungsten oxide.
- tungsten oxide may be supported on a compound of an additive metal element.
- the tungsten oxide group fine particles containing the additive metal element include a mixture of the tungsten oxide fine particles and simple particles (metal fine particles) or compound fine particles of the additive metal element, tungsten oxide and simple particles or compounds of the additive metal element, and the like. Mixture fine particles, alloy fine particles of tungsten oxide and additive metal element alone or compound, composite compound fine particles of tungsten oxide and additive metal element simple substance or compound, tungsten oxide and additive metal element simple substance or compound etc. Examples include carrier fine particles. These fine particles are examples of tungsten oxide group fine particles, and the photocatalyst of the embodiment is not limited to these.
- the composite method of tungsten oxide and the additive metal element is not particularly limited.
- a method of mixing tungsten oxide powder with a single powder (metal powder) or compound powder (for example, metal oxide powder) of the additive metal element, at least one solution or dispersion Various mixing methods such as a method of mixing as a liquid, a sol, etc., an impregnation method, a supporting method, etc., or a composite method can be applied.
- the metal oxide to be added is zirconium oxide, zirconium oxide having various shapes can be applied, but the primary particles are preferably rod-shaped.
- Zirconium oxide sol having particles in which rod-shaped primary particles are aggregated is preferably mixed with tungsten oxide fine particles or a dispersion in which the particles are dispersed in water or the like.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment may contain a metal element or the like as a trace amount of impurities.
- the content of the metal element as the impurity element is preferably 2% by mass or less.
- the impurity metal element include elements generally contained in tungsten ore, and contaminating elements mixed when producing a tungsten compound used as a raw material.
- the impurity metal element include Fe, Mo, Mn, Cu, Ti, Al, Ca, Ni, Cr, and Mg. However, this is not the case when these elements are used as additive metal elements.
- the photocatalyst according to the embodiment has the following characteristics when its microstructure such as crystallinity and surface state is analyzed by Raman spectroscopy.
- the peak intensity X observed in the range of 920 to 950 cm ⁇ 1 is compared with the peak intensity Y observed in the range of 800 to 810 cm ⁇ 1 .
- the ratio (X / Y) is in the range of 0 ⁇ X / Y ⁇ 0.04.
- the photocatalytic performance such as gas resolution of the photocatalyst based on tungsten oxide fine particles can be improved. Specifically, it is possible to obtain photocatalytic performance such as good gas resolution even in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is low or an environment where the gas concentration is low.
- tungsten oxide fine particles exhibit photocatalytic performance such as gas resolution under visible light irradiation.
- the photocatalytic performance of tungsten oxide cannot be exhibited sufficiently.
- the decomposition rate of the gas of tungsten oxide decreases as the gas concentration decreases from the initial concentration. This is presumably because the decomposition performance of tungsten oxide with respect to the intermediate substance generated at the time of gas decomposition is low, and the gas adsorption power of tungsten oxide is low in a low gas concentration environment.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) in the Raman spectrum represents the crystallinity of the tungsten oxide group fine particles, the surface defect state, and the like.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) in the range of more than 0 to 0.04 or less, the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalyst (tungsten oxide group fine particles) can be effectively enhanced.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is zero, the crystallinity of the tungsten oxide fine particles is improved, but the surface of the tungsten oxide fine particles is considered to have almost no oxygen defects. In such a state, high gas resolution cannot be obtained.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is more preferably 0.001 or more.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) exceeds 0.04, the amount of surface defects such as oxygen defects is excessively increased and the photocatalytic activity is decreased, and thus high gas decomposition performance cannot be obtained.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is more preferably 0.03 or less.
- the intensity ratio (X / Y) of the Raman peak of the photocatalyst is in the range of more than 0 to 0.04 or less, the crystalline state and surface state (existing degree of surface defects, etc.) of the tungsten oxide group fine particles are used as the photocatalyst. It can be controlled to a suitable state. For this reason, the gas decomposition performance of the tungsten oxide group fine particles under visible light with low illuminance can be enhanced. Furthermore, the decomposition performance of the intermediate substance and the gas adsorption force by the tungsten oxide group fine particles in a state where the gas concentration is low can be enhanced.
- the photocatalyst body of the embodiment high gas decomposition performance can be exhibited even in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is low or an environment where the gas concentration is low.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment exhibits gas decomposition performance even under an ultraviolet light irradiation environment.
- gas decomposition performance can be exhibited under a wider range of conditions than the conventional photocatalyst body. By these, it becomes possible to provide a photocatalyst body with improved practicality.
- the intensity ratio (X / Y) of the Raman peak of the photocatalyst described above can be obtained by controlling the heat treatment conditions to be carried out after producing the tungsten oxide group fine particles, such as the heat treatment atmosphere and the heat treatment temperature. Furthermore, since the surface state and the like of the tungsten oxide group fine particles change depending on the environmental temperature in the storage state, the Raman peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is maintained in an appropriate range by adjusting these conditions. . As will be described in detail later, the temperature of the heat treatment performed after the preparation of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is preferably in the range of 200 to 800.degree. Furthermore, in order to adjust the crystallinity and surface state of the tungsten oxide-based fine particles to an appropriate state, it is preferable to control the temperature rising rate and the temperature falling rate during the heat treatment.
- heat treatment is performed under conditions that excessively increase the crystallinity of tungsten oxide, tungsten oxide grains grow and the specific surface area of the fine particles decreases.
- the crystallinity of tungsten oxide is too high, there will be almost no surface defects such as oxygen vacancies on the surface of the fine particles. These are factors that reduce the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst.
- the peak intensity ratio (X / Y) of the Raman spectrum is in the range of more than 0 to 0.04 or less, and the Raman spectrum of the photocatalyst is 268.
- the half width of the first peak is preferably in the range of 8 to 25 cm ⁇ 1 .
- the half width of the second peak is preferably in the range of 15 to 75 cm ⁇ 1
- the half width of the third peak is preferably in the range of 15 to 50 cm ⁇ 1 .
- the Raman spectrum in the embodiment is measured using an Ar ion laser having a wavelength of 514.5 nm under the conditions of a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C. and a humidity of 30 to 70%.
- the peak intensity X has a zero point which is a straight line obtained by subtracting the spectrum value of a wave number of 900 cm ⁇ 1 and a spectrum value of 1000 cm ⁇ 1
- the peak intensity Y has a spectrum value of a wave number of 1000 cm ⁇ 1 as a zero point. The intensity from them to the peak apex.
- the intensity X to the peak of the maximum peak existing in the range of 920 to 950 cm ⁇ 1 and the intensity Y to the peak of the maximum peak existing in the range of 800 to 810 cm ⁇ 1 are measured, and these intensities are measured.
- a peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is obtained from X and intensity Y.
- the tungsten oxide constituting the photocatalyst is preferably mainly composed of WO 3 (tungsten trioxide).
- Tungsten oxide is preferably substantially composed of WO 3, but other tungsten oxides (WO 2 , WO, W 2 O 3 , W 2 , W 3 , W 3 , W 3 , W 3 , W 3 , W 3 4 O 5 , W 4 O 11, etc.).
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is preferably 1 nm or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter (D50) of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is more preferably 50 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the D90 diameter is preferably 0.05 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the BET specific surface area of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is preferably 4.1 to 820 m 2 / g, more preferably 10 to 300 m 2 / g.
- the photocatalyst dispersion is prepared by mixing tungsten oxide group fine particles with an aqueous dispersion medium and dispersing the mixture with an ultrasonic disperser, a wet jet mill, a bead mill or the like.
- the photocatalyst body having tungsten oxide group fine particles contains aggregated particles in which primary particles are aggregated.
- the particle size distribution is measured with a wet laser diffraction particle size distribution meter including aggregated particles, and the D50 diameter in the volume-based integrated diameter is 1 nm or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, a good dispersion state and uniform and stable film formation As a result, high photocatalytic performance can be obtained.
- the D50 diameter of the tungsten oxide group fine particles exceeds 30 ⁇ m, sufficient characteristics as a photocatalyst dispersion cannot be obtained.
- the D50 diameter of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is smaller than 1 nm, the particles are too small and the handling property of the photocatalyst is poor, and the practicality of the photocatalyst and the dispersion using the photocatalyst decreases.
- the D90 diameter of the tungsten oxide group fine particles is less than 0.05 ⁇ m, the dispersibility of the tungsten oxide group fine particles decreases. For this reason, it becomes difficult to obtain a uniform dispersion or paint.
- the fine particles are not excessively strained by the dispersion treatment when the dispersion is prepared.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment has an a * of 10 or less, b * of ⁇ 5 or more, and L * a * b * color system (Elster / Aster / Baster color system). It is preferable that * has a body color of 50 or more.
- the L * a * b * color system is a method used to represent an object color, which was standardized by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1976, and is defined in JIS Z-8729 in Japan.
- a photocatalyst film By forming a photocatalyst film using a photocatalyst having such a color and a dispersion in which it is dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium, not only good photocatalytic performance can be obtained, but also the color tone of the substrate is impaired. There is no. Therefore, in addition to the original characteristics and quality of a product having a photocatalytic film, the photocatalytic performance based on the photocatalytic film can be stably exhibited.
- the tungsten oxide fine particles mainly constituting the photocatalyst of the embodiment are preferably produced by the following method.
- the method for producing the tungsten oxide group fine particles is not particularly limited.
- the tungsten oxide group fine particles are preferably produced by applying a sublimation process. Furthermore, it is preferable to combine a heat treatment step with a sublimation step. According to the tungsten oxide group fine particles produced by such a method, the above-described Raman peak intensity ratio (X / Y), the crystal state, the crystal structure, the average particle diameter, and the like can be realized stably.
- the sublimation step is a step of obtaining tungsten oxide fine particles by sublimating a metal tungsten powder, a tungsten compound powder, or a tungsten compound solution in an oxygen atmosphere.
- Sublimation is a phenomenon in which a state change from a solid phase to a gas phase or from a gas phase to a solid phase occurs without going through a liquid phase.
- any of metallic tungsten powder, tungsten compound powder, or tungsten compound solution may be used.
- the tungsten compound used as a raw material include tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ), tungsten dioxide (WO 2 ), tungsten oxides such as lower oxides, tungsten carbide, ammonium tungstate, calcium tungstate, tungstic acid, and the like. .
- the metal tungsten powder and the tungsten compound powder are instantaneously changed from the solid phase to the gas phase, and further, the metal tungsten vapor that has become the gas phase is oxidized, Tungsten oxide fine particles are obtained. Even when a solution is used, it becomes a gas phase through tungsten oxide or a compound. Thus, tungsten oxide fine particles can be obtained by utilizing the oxidation reaction in the gas phase. Furthermore, the crystal structure of the tungsten oxide fine particles can be controlled.
- metal tungsten powder As a raw material for the sublimation process, impurities are hardly contained in the tungsten oxide fine particles obtained by sublimation in an oxygen atmosphere. Therefore, at least one selected from metal tungsten powder, tungsten oxide powder, tungsten carbide powder, and ammonium tungstate powder. It is preferred to use seeds. Metal tungsten powder and tungsten oxide powder are particularly preferable as a raw material for the sublimation process because they do not contain harmful substances as by-products (substances other than tungsten oxide) formed in the sublimation process.
- tungsten compound used as a raw material a compound containing tungsten (W) and oxygen (O) as its constituent elements is preferable.
- W and O are contained as the constituent components, it is easily sublimated instantaneously when an inductively coupled plasma treatment or the like described later is applied in the sublimation process.
- tungsten compound include WO 3 , W 20 O 58 , W 18 O 49 , WO 2 and the like.
- a metal element such as a transition metal element or an earth metal element is a compound containing a metal or an oxide.
- a metal element such as a transition metal element or an earth metal element is a compound containing a metal or an oxide.
- And may be mixed in the form of complex compounds.
- composite compound fine particles such as a composite oxide of tungsten oxide and another metal element can be obtained.
- the composite fine particles can also be obtained by mixing and supporting tungsten oxide fine particles with simple particles or compound particles of other metal elements. There are no particular limitations on the method of combining tungsten oxide and other metal elements, and various known methods can be applied.
- the tungsten metal powder or tungsten compound powder as the tungsten raw material preferably has an average particle diameter in the range of 0.1 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size of the tungsten raw material is more preferably in the range of 0.3 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, still more preferably in the range of 0.3 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m, and desirably in the range of 0.3 ⁇ m to 1.5 ⁇ m. If a metal tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder having an average particle diameter within the above range is used, sublimation is likely to occur.
- the average particle diameter of the tungsten raw material is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the raw material powder is too fine, so that it is necessary to adjust the raw material powder in advance, the handling property is lowered, and it is expensive, so it is industrial. It is not preferable. If the average particle size of the tungsten raw material exceeds 100 ⁇ m, a uniform sublimation reaction is difficult to occur. Even if the average particle size is large, a uniform sublimation reaction can be caused by treatment with a large amount of energy, but this is not industrially preferable.
- At least one treatment selected from inductively coupled plasma treatment, arc discharge treatment, laser treatment, electron beam treatment, and gas burner treatment may be mentioned.
- a sublimation process is performed by irradiating a laser or electron beam.
- Lasers and electron beams have a small irradiation spot diameter, so it takes time to process a large amount of raw materials at one time, but there is an advantage that it is not necessary to strictly control the stability of the raw material powder particle size and supply amount. .
- ⁇ Inductively coupled plasma treatment and arc discharge treatment require adjustment of the plasma and arc discharge generation area, but a large amount of raw material powder can be oxidized at a time in an oxygen atmosphere. In addition, the amount of raw material that can be processed at one time can be controlled.
- the gas burner treatment is relatively inexpensive, it is difficult to treat a large amount of raw material powder or raw material solution. For this reason, the gas burner treatment is inferior in terms of productivity.
- the gas burner treatment is not particularly limited as long as it has sufficient energy for sublimation. A propane gas burner or an acetylene gas burner is used.
- a method is generally used in which plasma is generated using argon gas or oxygen gas, and metal tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder is supplied into the plasma.
- a method of supplying the tungsten raw material into the plasma for example, a method of blowing a metal tungsten powder or a tungsten compound powder together with a carrier gas, a method of blowing a dispersion liquid in which a metal tungsten powder or a tungsten compound powder is dispersed in a predetermined liquid dispersion medium Etc.
- Examples of the carrier gas used when metal tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder is blown into the plasma include air, oxygen, and an inert gas containing oxygen. Of these, air is preferably used because of its low cost.
- an inert carrier such as argon or helium is used as the carrier gas. Gas may be used. It is preferable to use oxygen, an inert gas containing oxygen, or the like as the reaction gas. In the case of using an inert gas containing oxygen, it is preferable to set the oxygen amount so that the oxygen amount necessary for the oxidation reaction can be sufficiently supplied.
- tungsten oxide fine particles It is easy to control the crystal structure of tungsten oxide fine particles by applying a method of blowing metal tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder together with a carrier gas and adjusting the gas flow rate, the pressure in the reaction vessel, and the like. Specifically, at least one selected from monoclinic crystal and triclinic crystal (monoclinic crystal, triclinic crystal, or mixed crystal of monoclinic crystal and triclinic crystal), or orthorhombic crystal mixed therewith. Tungsten oxide fine particles having a crystal structure are easily obtained.
- the crystal structure of tungsten oxide fine particles includes a crystal structure in which monoclinic and triclinic crystals are mixed, a crystal structure in which monoclinic and orthorhombic crystals are mixed, a crystal structure in which triclinic and orthorhombic crystals are mixed, A crystal structure in which monoclinic, triclinic and orthorhombic crystals are mixed is preferable.
- Examples of the dispersion medium used for preparing the dispersion liquid of the metal tungsten powder and the tungsten compound powder include a liquid dispersion medium having an oxygen atom in the molecule.
- Use of the dispersion facilitates handling of the raw material powder.
- the liquid dispersion medium having an oxygen atom in the molecule for example, a medium containing 20% by volume or more of at least one selected from water and alcohol is used.
- the alcohol used as the liquid dispersion medium for example, at least one selected from methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol is preferable. Since water and alcohol are easily volatilized by the heat of plasma, the sublimation reaction and oxidation reaction of the raw material powder are not disturbed, and the oxygen reaction is easily promoted because the molecule contains oxygen.
- the metallic tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder is preferably contained in the dispersion in the range of 10 to 95% by mass, and more preferably. It is in the range of 40 to 80% by mass.
- the metal tungsten powder and the tungsten compound powder can be uniformly dispersed in the dispersion. If uniformly dispersed, the sublimation reaction of the raw material powder tends to occur uniformly. If the content in the dispersion is less than 10% by mass, the amount of the raw material powder is too small to produce efficiently. If it exceeds 95% by mass, the amount of the dispersion liquid is small, and the viscosity of the raw material powder increases, so that the container becomes easy to stick to the container, and the handleability is lowered.
- tungsten oxide fine particles It is easy to control the crystal structure of the tungsten oxide fine particles by applying a method in which a metal tungsten powder or a tungsten compound powder is dispersed in a plasma. Specifically, tungsten oxide fine particles having a crystal structure in which at least one selected from monoclinic crystals and triclinic crystals or orthorhombic crystals are mixed are easily obtained. Furthermore, by using a tungsten compound solution as a raw material, the sublimation reaction can be performed uniformly, and the controllability of the crystal structure of the tungsten oxide fine particles is improved. The method using the dispersion liquid as described above can also be applied to arc discharge treatment.
- a metal tungsten or tungsten compound pelletized When carrying out the sublimation process by irradiating with a laser or an electron beam, it is preferable to use as a raw material a metal tungsten or tungsten compound pelletized. Since the irradiation spot diameter of a laser or electron beam is small, supply becomes difficult when metal tungsten powder or tungsten compound powder is used, but it can be efficiently sublimated by using pellets of metal tungsten or tungsten compound.
- the laser is not particularly limited as long as it has sufficient energy to sublimate metallic tungsten or a tungsten compound, but a CO2 laser is preferable because of its high energy.
- the entire surface of the pellet having a certain size can be sublimated effectively by moving at least one of the irradiation source of the laser beam or the electron beam or the pellet.
- the above pellets can be applied to inductively coupled plasma processing and arc discharge processing.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment can be obtained with good reproducibility by heat-treating the tungsten oxide group fine particles obtained in the sublimation process described above.
- the tungsten oxide group fine particles obtained in the sublimation step are heat treated at a predetermined temperature and time in an oxidizing atmosphere.
- the heat treatment step is preferably performed in air or an oxygen-containing gas.
- the oxygen-containing gas means an inert gas containing oxygen.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably in the range of 200 to 800 ° C., more preferably in the range of 340 to 650 ° C.
- the heat treatment time is preferably in the range of 10 minutes to 5 hours, and more preferably in the range of 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- the heat treatment temperature is less than 200 ° C.
- the oxidation effect for converting the powder that has not been changed to tungsten trioxide in the sublimation process into tungsten trioxide cannot be obtained sufficiently.
- the crystallinity of tungsten trioxide obtained in the sublimation process cannot be sufficiently increased.
- the heat treatment temperature exceeds 800 ° C.
- the crystallinity of tungsten oxide is excessively increased, and the surface of the fine particles tends to have almost no surface defects such as oxygen vacancies. In either case, the photocatalytic activity of the tungsten oxide group fine particles cannot be sufficiently increased.
- the crystallinity and surface state of the tungsten oxide group fine particles can be controlled to a state suitable for the photocatalyst with good reproducibility by adjusting the temperature rising rate and temperature falling rate during heat treatment to appropriate ranges.
- the tungsten oxide powder is put in a furnace heated to a set temperature, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, the tungsten oxide powder is taken out of the furnace and cooled at room temperature.
- the rate of temperature increase during the heat treatment is preferably in the range of 80 to 800 ° C./min, and the rate of temperature decrease is preferably in the range of ⁇ 800 to ⁇ 13 ° C./min.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquid of the embodiment is obtained by dispersing the photocatalyst body of the embodiment in an aqueous dispersion medium so that the particle concentration is in the range of 0.001 to 50% by mass. When the particle concentration is less than 0.001% by mass, the content of the photocatalyst is insufficient and desired performance cannot be obtained.
- the concentration of the photocatalyst is more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the dispersion liquid is preferably in the range of 1 to 9.
- the zeta potential becomes negative, so that the dispersion state of the photocatalyst can be increased. According to such a dispersion and a paint using the same, it can be applied thinly and uniformly on the substrate. If the pH of the photocatalyst dispersion is smaller than 1, the zeta potential approaches zero, and the dispersibility is lowered. If the pH of the photocatalyst dispersion is greater than 9, tungsten oxide will be easily dissolved.
- an acid or alkaline aqueous solution such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), ammonia, or sodium hydroxide may be added as necessary.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- ammonia or sodium hydroxide
- the pH of the photocatalyst dispersion is more preferably in the range of 2.5 to 7.5.
- the photocatalytic performance (gas decomposition performance) of the film formed using the dispersion or paint can be further enhanced.
- FT-IR hydroxyl group at around 3700 cm -1 when observing the surface conditions of the particles (Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy) Absorption is observed.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquid of the embodiment is obtained by dispersing the photocatalyst body of the embodiment in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the photocatalyst dispersed in the aqueous dispersion medium is not limited to single particles of tungsten oxide, but may be fine particles such as a mixture or composite of tungsten oxide and other metal elements. Tungsten oxide and other metal elements may be mixed in advance or dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium in a mixed state, or the mixture or the composite may be combined in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- the types and forms of metal elements other than tungsten are as described above.
- the method of mixing or combining tungsten oxide and other metal elements in a dispersion medium is not particularly limited.
- a typical composite method is described below.
- a method of combining ruthenium a method of adding an aqueous solution of ruthenium chloride to an aqueous dispersion in which tungsten oxide fine particles are dispersed may be mentioned.
- Examples of the method of combining platinum include a method of mixing platinum powder with an aqueous dispersion containing tungsten oxide fine particles.
- copper composite method using copper nitrate or copper sulfate aqueous solution or ethanol solution iron composite method using iron chloride aqueous solution, silver composite method using silver chloride aqueous solution, platinum using chloroplatinic acid aqueous solution
- the composite method of (1) and the composite method of palladium using an aqueous palladium chloride solution are also effective.
- an oxide sol such as titanium oxide sol or alumina sol may be used to combine tungsten oxide and a metal element (oxide).
- various composite methods can be applied.
- An aqueous dispersion medium is used for the photocatalyst dispersion liquid of the embodiment.
- a representative example of the aqueous dispersion medium is water.
- the aqueous dispersion medium may contain alcohol in an amount of less than 50% by mass in addition to water.
- the alcohol for example, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol and the like are used. If the alcohol content exceeds 20% by mass, the photocatalyst may agglomerate. Therefore, the alcohol content is more preferably 20% by mass or less. The content of alcohol is more preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the photocatalyst of the embodiment may be dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium such as water or alcohol while being mixed, supported, or impregnated with an adsorbing material such as activated carbon or zeolite.
- the photocatalyst dispersion may contain the photocatalyst in such a state.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquid of the embodiment can be used as a film forming material as it is.
- the photocatalyst dispersion may be mixed with a binder component to prepare a paint, and this paint may be used as a film forming material.
- the coating material contains an aqueous dispersion and at least one binder component selected from an inorganic binder and an organic binder.
- the binder component content is preferably in the range of 5 to 95% by mass. When the content of the binder component exceeds 95% by mass, the desired photocatalytic performance may not be obtained. When the content of the binder component is less than 5% by mass, sufficient bonding strength cannot be obtained, and film characteristics may be deteriorated. By applying such a paint, the strength, hardness, adhesion to the substrate, and the like of the film can be adjusted to a desired state.
- the inorganic binder examples include products obtained by decomposing hydrolyzable silicon compounds such as alkyl silicates, silicon halides, and partial hydrolysates thereof, organic polysiloxane compounds and polycondensates thereof, silica, colloidal silica, etc. Water glass, silicon compounds, phosphates such as zinc phosphate, metal oxides such as zinc oxide and zirconium oxide, heavy phosphates, cement, gypsum, lime, enamel frit and the like are used.
- the organic binder for example, fluorine resin, silicone resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, melamine resin, urethane resin, alkyd resin, and the like are used.
- the film containing the photocatalyst can be stably and uniformly formed by applying the above-described photocatalyst dispersion or photocatalyst paint to the substrate.
- the substrate for forming the photocatalyst film glass, ceramics, plastic, acrylic resin, paper, fiber, metal, wood, or the like is used.
- the film thickness is preferably in the range of 2 to 1000 nm. If the film thickness is less than 2 nm, there is a possibility that a state in which tungsten oxide group fine particles are uniformly present cannot be obtained. When the film thickness exceeds 1000 nm, the adhesion of the photocatalyst film to the substrate is reduced.
- the film thickness is more preferably in the range of 2 to 400 nm.
- the photocatalyst film of the embodiment exhibits photocatalytic performance not only under visible light but also under irradiation with ultraviolet light.
- visible light is light having a wavelength range of 380 to 830 nm, and includes general lighting such as sunlight, white fluorescent lamps, white LEDs, light bulbs, halogen lamps, xenon lamps, blue light emitting diodes, blue lasers, etc.
- Ultraviolet light is light having a wavelength in the range of 10 to 400 nm, and is included in light emitted from the sun, a mercury lamp, or the like.
- the photocatalyst film of the embodiment not only exhibits photocatalytic performance under a normal indoor environment, but also exhibits photocatalytic performance under ultraviolet light irradiation.
- Photocatalytic performance means that a pair of electrons and holes are excited for one photon by absorbing light, and the excited electrons and holes are activated by redox to activate hydroxyl groups and acids on the surface. This is an action of oxidatively decomposing organic gas or the like by the generated active oxygen species, and an action of exhibiting hydrophilicity, antibacterial / bactericidal performance and the like.
- the product of the embodiment includes a film formed using the above-described photocatalyst dispersion or photocatalyst paint.
- a film is formed by applying a photocatalyst dispersion liquid or a photocatalyst paint to the surface of a base material constituting a product.
- the film formed on the substrate surface may contain zeolite, activated carbon, porous ceramics, or the like.
- a photocatalyst film and a product including the same are excellent in the decomposition performance of organic gases such as acetaldehyde and formaldehyde under irradiation with visible light, and exhibit high activity even at low illuminance.
- the photocatalyst film of the embodiment exhibits hydrophilicity by measuring the contact angle of water. Furthermore, it exhibits high antibacterial activity in antibacterial evaluation under visible light irradiation against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
- Specific examples of products comprising the photocatalytic film of the embodiment include an air conditioner, an air cleaner, a fan, a refrigerator, a microwave oven, a dishwasher, a rice cooker, a pot, a pan lid, an IH heater, a washing machine, a vacuum cleaner, Lighting fixtures (lamps, fixtures, shades, etc.), sanitary products, toilet bowls, washstands, mirrors, bathrooms (walls, ceilings, floors, etc.), building materials (interior walls, ceiling materials, floors, exterior walls, etc.), interior items (curtains) , Carpets, tables, chairs, sofas, shelves, beds, bedding, etc.), glass, sashes, handrails, doors, knobs, clothes, home appliances, etc.
- an air conditioner an air cleaner, a fan, a refrigerator, a microwave oven, a dishwasher, a rice cooker, a pot, a pan lid, an IH heater, a washing machine, a vacuum cleaner, Lighting fixtures (lamps, fixtures, shades, etc.), sanitary products, toilet bowl
- the photocatalytic film of the embodiment By providing the photocatalytic film of the embodiment, a photocatalytic effect can be imparted to the product.
- the base material to be applied include resins such as glass, ceramics, plastic, and acrylic, paper, fibers, metals, and wood.
- fibers When fibers are used as the base material, synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, and acrylic, recycled fibers such as rayon, natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and silk, blended fibers, woven fabrics, and blended products are used as the fiber material. It is done.
- the fiber material may be in the form of loose hairs.
- the fiber may have any form such as a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, and a non-woven fabric, and may be subjected to normal dyeing or printing.
- a method of using the photocatalyst according to the embodiment together with a resin binder and fixing the same to the fiber material is convenient.
- the resin binder water-soluble, water-dispersed, and solvent-soluble resins can be used. Specifically, melamine resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, fluororesin and the like are used, but are not limited to these.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquid is mixed with a water-dispersible or water-soluble resin binder to prepare a resin liquid, and the fiber liquid is added to the resin liquid. After impregnating, it is squeezed with a mangle roll and dried. By thickening the resin liquid, one side of the fiber material can be coated with a known device such as a knife coater. It is also possible to attach the photocatalyst to one or both sides of the fiber material using a gravure roll.
- Example 1 A tungsten trioxide powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m was prepared as a raw material powder. This raw material powder was sprayed onto RF plasma together with a carrier gas (Ar), and argon was flowed as a reaction gas at a flow rate of 40 L / min and oxygen at a flow rate of 40 L / min. In this manner, a tungsten oxide powder was produced through a sublimation process in which the raw material powder was subjected to an oxidation reaction while being sublimated. Sample A (comparative example) was a tungsten oxide powder that was not heat-treated.
- Samples B to E were prepared by heat-treating the above-described tungsten oxide powder at temperatures of 300 ° C., 500 ° C., 575 ° C., and 600 ° C. in the air.
- Sample F was prepared by heat-treating the same tungsten oxide powder at a temperature of 1000 ° C. in the atmosphere. The heat treatment time was 1 hour each. In preparing samples B to E, the temperature during the heat treatment was rapidly increased to a predetermined temperature, and after 1 hour, the sample was taken out from the furnace and cooled at room temperature.
- the average primary particle diameter (D50) and BET specific surface area of samples A to F were measured.
- the average primary particle size was measured by image analysis of a TEM photograph. H-7100FA manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd. was used for TEM observation, and an enlarged photograph was subjected to image analysis to extract 50 or more particles, and a volume-based integrated diameter was obtained to calculate a D50 diameter.
- the measurement of the BET specific surface area was performed using a specific surface area measuring device Macsorb 1201 (trade name) manufactured by Mountec. Pretreatment was performed in nitrogen at 200 ° C. for 20 minutes. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the average primary particle diameter (D50 diameter) and BET specific surface area of Samples A to F.
- the measurement conditions were a Raman microscope, a measurement magnification of 100, a beam diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less, a light source of Ar + laser with a wavelength of 514.5 nm, a laser power of 0.5 mW, a diffraction grating of a single 600 gr / mm, the cross slit was 100 ⁇ m, the slit was 100 ⁇ m, and the detector was a 1340 channel CCD manufactured by Nippon Roper.
- the measurement range of Raman shift was 100-1500 cm ⁇ 1 .
- FIG. 1 shows Raman spectra that are measurement results of Sample A, Sample D, and Sample F.
- a photocatalyst dispersion was prepared by dispersing the tungsten oxide powders of Samples A to F in water so that the particle concentration was 10% by mass.
- the obtained photocatalyst dispersion was subjected to the characteristic evaluation described later.
- Example 2 comparative example 2
- a photocatalyst dispersion was prepared as follows. First, the tungsten oxide powder was dispersed in water so that its concentration was 10% by mass. Zirconium oxide with respect to the total amount of tungsten oxide and zirconium oxide, a dispersion in which tungsten oxide powder is dispersed in water and an aqueous dispersion in which zirconium oxide powder having an average primary particle diameter (D50) of 70 nm is dispersed in water. The mixture was mixed so that the ratio was 33% by mass.
- D50 average primary particle diameter
- the mixed dispersion was adjusted with hydrochloric acid and ammonia so that the pH of the mixed dispersion was in the range of 6.5 to 5.5.
- the dispersion treatment was performed using a bead mill.
- the particle concentration of the photocatalyst dispersion liquid thus obtained was 10% by mass.
- Example 3 Comparative Example 3
- a photocatalyst dispersion was prepared as follows.
- the tungsten oxide powder was dispersed in water so that its concentration was 10% by mass.
- a dispersion in which tungsten oxide powder was dispersed in water and a ruthenium chloride solution were mixed so that the ratio of ruthenium oxide to the total amount of tungsten oxide and ruthenium oxide was 0.02% by mass.
- Ammonia was added dropwise to the mixture to adjust the pH to 7.
- an aqueous dispersion in which zirconium oxide powder having an average particle diameter (D50) of 70 nm was dispersed in water was added dropwise to the mixture to adjust the pH to a range of 6.5 to 5.5.
- the mixing ratio of tungsten oxide, ruthenium oxide and zirconium oxide in the dispersion is about 0.017% by mass of ruthenium oxide and about 33% by mass of zirconium oxide with respect to the total amount.
- the obtained photocatalyst dispersion liquid had a particle concentration of 13% by mass.
- Example 4 comparative example 4
- a photocatalyst dispersion was prepared as follows.
- the tungsten oxide powder was dispersed in water so that its concentration was 10% by mass.
- a photocatalyst dispersed by mixing platinum particles having an average particle diameter of 2 nm with a dispersion in which tungsten oxide powder is dispersed in water so that the ratio of platinum to the total amount of tungsten oxide and platinum is 0.02% by mass.
- a liquid was prepared.
- a photocatalyst film was formed on the glass surface using the photocatalyst dispersions prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalytic film under visible light irradiation was evaluated.
- the photocatalytic performance was evaluated by measuring the decomposition rate of acetaldehyde gas. Specifically, the gas decomposition rate was measured under the following conditions using a flow-type apparatus similar to the evaluation of nitrogen oxide removal performance (decomposition ability) of JIS-R-1701-1 (2004).
- the acetaldehyde gas decomposition test was carried out as follows.
- the initial concentration of acetaldehyde is 10 ppm
- the gas flow rate is 140 mL / min
- the sample amount is 0.2 g.
- the preparation of the sample is applied to a 5 ⁇ 10 cm glass plate and dried. Pretreatment is performed with black light for 12 hours.
- a white fluorescent lamp FL20SS / W / 18 manufactured by Toshiba Lighting & Technology
- an ultraviolet cut filter (Clarex N-169 manufactured by Nitto Jushi Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is used to cut a wavelength of less than 380 nm.
- the illuminance is adjusted to 1000 lx.
- the photocatalyst films formed using the photocatalyst dispersions of Examples 1 to 4 had a high decomposition rate of acetaldehyde and were completely decomposed. This is because the Raman peak intensity ratio (X / Y) is in the range of more than 0 and 0.04 or less, and the crystalline state and surface state of the tungsten oxide fine particles are in a state suitable for the photocatalyst. it is conceivable that. Therefore, the gas decomposition performance of the photocatalyst film can be enhanced even in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is low and the gas concentration is low. Furthermore, the gas decomposition performance of the photocatalytic film is further improved by the adsorption of gas by zirconium oxide.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquids of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are mixed with an acrylic resin resin liquid, and this mixed liquid (paint) is impregnated with a plain fabric made of polyester having a basis weight of 150 g / m 2 .
- a polyester fiber to which a visible light responsive photocatalyst was attached was produced.
- a sample of 5 ⁇ 10 cm was cut from each fiber, and the photocatalytic performance under visible light irradiation was evaluated in the same manner as described above.
- the polyester fiber to which the photocatalysts of Examples 1 to 4 were attached had a higher decomposition rate of acetaldehyde gas than the fiber impregnated with the paint using the photocatalyst dispersion prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 4. Was confirmed. Furthermore, when ten samples prepared in the same manner were prepared and the variation in performance was evaluated, the dispersion liquid of the examples had excellent dispersibility, and the amount of the photocatalyst adhering to the fiber was stable. confirmed. Further, it was confirmed that the polyester fiber maintained a uniform texture.
- the photocatalyst dispersion liquid of the above-described embodiment has excellent dispersibility, a uniform photocatalyst film can be obtained. Then, based on the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalytic film, it is possible to stably obtain the decomposition performance of organic gas such as acetaldehyde, and it is difficult to cause problems such as color unevenness visually. For this reason, it is suitably used for building materials, interior materials, home appliances, etc. used in members, factories, shops, schools, public facilities, hospitals, welfare facilities, accommodation facilities, houses, etc. used in automobile interior spaces.
- the photocatalyst of the example exhibits high gas decomposition performance in an environment where the illuminance of visible light is low, an environment where ultraviolet light is irradiated in addition to visible light, and an environment where the gas concentration is low.
- a dispersion or paint containing a photocatalyst to form a photocatalyst film on the interior material or interior of the room, it is possible to obtain excellent deodorizing and deodorizing effects.
- Such a film or product can be applied to various uses by utilizing the characteristics of the photocatalyst of the embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
実施形態の光触媒体は、酸化タングステンを5~100質量%の範囲で含有する酸化タングステン基微粒子を具備している。光触媒体を構成する酸化タングステン基微粒子としては、酸化タングステンの単独微粒子、または酸化タングステンと他の金属元素との混合体や複合体等の微粒子が挙げられる。実施形態の光触媒体において、酸化タングステンの含有量は5~100質量%の範囲である。酸化タングステンの含有量が5質量%未満であると、酸化タングステン微粒子に基づく可視光応答型光触媒性能を十分に得ることができない。酸化タングステンの含有量は45質量%以上であることが好ましい。
次に、実施形態の光触媒分散液および光触媒塗料、さらにそれらを用いて形成した光触媒膜および光触媒膜を具備する製品について説明する。実施形態の光触媒分散液は、水系分散媒中に実施形態の光触媒体を粒子濃度が0.001~50質量%の範囲となるように分散させたものである。粒子濃度が0.001質量%未満であると光触媒体の含有量が不足し、所望の性能を得ることができない。粒子濃度が50質量%を超えると、膜化した際に光触媒体の微粒子が近接しすぎた状態で存在し、光触媒性能を十分に発揮させるための表面積を得ることができない。このため、十分な性能を発揮させることができないだけでなく、必要以上に光触媒体を含有するためにコストの増加を招くことになる。光触媒体の濃度は0.01~20質量%の範囲であることがより好ましい。
原料粉末として平均粒子径が0.5μmの三酸化タングステン粉末を用意した。この原料粉末をキャリアガス(Ar)と共にRFプラズマに噴霧し、さらに反応ガスとしてアルゴンを40L/min、酸素を40L/minの流量で流した。このようにして、原料粉末を昇華させながら酸化反応させる昇華工程を経て、酸化タングステン粉末を作製した。熱処理していない酸化タングステン粉末を試料A(比較例)とした。上記した酸化タングステン粉末を、大気中にて300℃、500℃、575℃、600℃の各温度で熱処理することによって、試料B~E(実施例)を調製した。また、同一の酸化タングステン粉末を、大気中にて1000℃の温度で熱処理することによって、試料F(比較例)を調製した。熱処理時間はそれぞれ1時間とした。また、試料B~Eを作製するにあたって、熱処理時の昇温は所定温度に急熱し、1時間経過後に炉から取り出して室温で降温させた。
実施例1および比較例1と同一の試料A~Fの酸化タングステン粉末を用いて、以下のように光触媒分散液を作製した。まず、酸化タングステン粉末をその濃度が10質量%となるように水中に分散させた。酸化タングステン粉末を水中に分散させた分散液と、平均一次粒子径(D50)が70nmの酸化ジルコニウム粉末を水中に分散させた水系分散液とを、酸化タングステンと酸化ジルコニウムとの合計量に対する酸化ジルコニウムの割合が33質量%となるように混合した。混合分散液のpHが6.5~5.5の範囲となるように、混合分散液を塩酸とアンモニアで調整した。分散処理はビーズミルを用いて実施した。このようにして得た光触媒分散液の粒子濃度は10質量%であった。
実施例1および比較例1と同一の試料A~Fの酸化タングステン粉末を用いて、以下のように光触媒分散液を作製した。酸化タングステン粉末をその濃度が10質量%となるように水中に分散させた。酸化タングステン粉末を水中に分散させた分散液と、塩化ルテニウム溶液とを、酸化タングステンと酸化ルテニウムとの合計量に対する酸化ルテニウムの割合が0.02質量%となるように混合した。混合液にアンモニアを滴下してpHを7に調整した。さらに、混合液に平均粒子径(D50)が70nmの酸化ジルコニウム粉末を水中に分散させた水系分散液を滴下して、pHを6.5~5.5の範囲に調整した。分散液における酸化タングステンと酸化ルテニウムと酸化ジルコニウムとの混合比は、これらの合計量に対して酸化ルテニウムの割合が約0.017質量%、酸化ジルコニウムの割合が約33質量%である。得られた得た光触媒分散液の粒子濃度は13質量%であった。
実施例1および比較例1と同一の試料A~Fの酸化タングステン粉末を用いて、以下のように光触媒分散液を作製した。酸化タングステン粉末をその濃度が10質量%となるように水中に分散させた。酸化タングステン粉末を水中に分散させた分散液に、平均粒子径が2nmの白金粒子を、酸化タングステンと白金との合計量に対する白金の割合が0.02質量%となるように混合して光触媒分散液を作製した。
Claims (15)
- 酸化タングステンを5質量%以上100質量%以下の範囲で含有する酸化タングステン基微粒子を具備する光触媒体であって、
前記光触媒体のラマン分光法によるラマンスペクトルにおいて、800cm-1以上810cm-1以下の範囲に観察されるピークの強度Yに対する920cm-1以上950cm-1以下の範囲に観察されるピークの強度Xの比(X/Y)が0を超えて0.04以下である光触媒体。 - 前記酸化タングステン基微粒子は、タングステンを除く金属元素を0.001質量%以上50質量%以下の範囲で含有する、請求項1に記載の光触媒体。
- 前記金属元素は、チタン、ジルコニウム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、銀、セリウム、およびアルミニウムから群より選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項2に記載の光触媒体。
- 前記金属元素の含有量が0.005質量%以上10質量%以下の範囲である、請求項3に記載の光触媒体。
- 前記酸化タングステン基微粒子は、酸化タングステンを除く金属酸化物を0.01質量%以上70質量%以下の範囲で含有する、請求項1に記載の光触媒体。
- 前記金属酸化物は、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、および酸化ルテニウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項5に記載の光触媒体。
- 前記酸化タングステン基微粒子は、1nm以上30μm以下の平均粒子径(D50)を有する、請求項1に記載の光触媒体。
- 分散媒と、前記分散媒中に0.001質量%以上50質量%以下の範囲で分散された、請求項1に記載の光触媒体とを具備する光触媒分散液。
- 前記分散媒は水およびアルコールから選ばれる少なくとも1つである、請求項8に記載の光触媒分散液。
- 前記光触媒分散液のpHが1以上9以下である、請求項9に記載の光触媒分散液。
- 請求項8に記載の光触媒分散液と、無機バインダおよび有機バインダから選ばれる少なくとも1つのバインダ成分とを含有する光触媒塗料。
- 請求項8に記載の光触媒分散液を基材に塗布することにより形成された光触媒膜。
- 請求項11に記載の光触媒塗料を基材に塗布することにより形成された光触媒膜。
- 請求項12に記載の光触媒膜を具備する製品。
- 請求項13に記載の光触媒膜を具備する製品。
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| CN201480013558.1A CN105451882B (zh) | 2013-03-12 | 2014-03-11 | 光催化剂及使用其的光催化剂分散液、光催化剂涂料、光催化剂膜和制品 |
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| JP6721742B2 (ja) | 2020-07-15 |
| CN108187662A (zh) | 2018-06-22 |
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