Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
  • C10M141/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
  • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
  • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
  • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
  • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
  • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
  • C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions
  • C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
  • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C10M2217/043—Mannich bases
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
  • C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
  • C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
  • C10N2040/253—Small diesel engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
  • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
  • C10N2040/26—Two-strokes or two-cycle engines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

• Such exhaust gas after-treatment devices may include catalytic converters, which can contain one or more oxidation catalysts, NO x storage catalysts, and/or N3 ⁇ 4 reduction catalysts; and/or a particulate trap.
• lubricating oil additives that exert a minimum negative impact on such after-treatment devices must be identified, and OEM specifications for "new service fill” and “first fill” heavy duty diesel (HDD) lubricants require maximum sulfur levels of 0.4 mass %; maximum phosphorus levels of 0.12 mass %, and sulfated ash contents below 1.1 mass %, which lubricants are referred to as “mid- SAPS” lubricants (where "SAPS” is an acronym for "Sulfated Ash, Phosphorus, Sulfur”).
• US Pat. No. 2,660,562 discloses improved ashless lubricant compositions comprising mineral oils incorporated with a guanidine salt of an organic sulfonic acid selected from the group consisting of synthetic guanidine alkyl aryl sulfonates and guanidine petroleum sulfonates, and containing from 0.1 to 60 weight percent of the guanidine salt.
• US Pat. No. 2,702,819 discloses synthetic guanidine alkyl hydro carbonaryl sulfonates containing a total number of at least 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl groups. This patent also discloses that many guanidine sulfonates are very insoluble compounds, unsuitable as lubricant additives.
• US Patent 7,749,948 describes at least one non-metal-containing polymeric additive, comprising a nitrogen-containing dispersant having a total base number of at least about 90 are useful for lubricating an internal combustion engine.
• the lubricants have less than 1.0% sulfated ash.
• the lubricants exhibit a high TBN without deterioration of elastomeric seals.
• US Patent No. 7,651,984 discloses a lubricant in the form of a water or oil insoluble solvent in oil emulsion.
• the water phase contains the basic material, and this phase is dispersed in the oil phase, making it a two phase system.
• US patent 20080312340 and 20080229655 reduction of particle size by milling is reported.
• the patent covers only inorganic compounds more specifically inorganic metal bases.
• Those inventions further provide a process for preparing the composition and a method for its use.
• US patent 20080229655 describes the method of preparing a dispersion of metallic base which is highly ash forming.
• US patent 20080312340 claims to prepare inorganic metallic dispersion such as magnesium oxide, iron oxide, cerium oxide which are all ash forming. All the above processes form ash when dispersed in fuel oils.
• TBN Total Base Number
• an ashless lubricant additive composition which comprises: (a) 1-60% by wt. of a oil- insoluble nitrogen containing organic compound,
• the said organic compound is nano-dispersed in said organic media.
• the present invention also provides a method of preparing an ashless lubricant additive composition comprising
• the method comprises reducing the particle size of a slurry comprising (i) the ashless organic compound; (ii) the surfactant; and (iii) the organic media, in the presence of (iv) a plurality of beads, to form a dispersion, wherein the particles are uniformly dispersed in the liquid medium.
• the present invention also provides a lubricant oil composition
• a lubricant oil composition comprising:
• the lubricant additive composition in said lubricant oil composition is as per the present invention.
• the present invention relates to a lubricant additive composition and process of preparing the same.
• the present invention further relates to the lubricant additive composition comprising ashless dispersion of oil insoluble organic compounds.
• the dispersion is a nanodispersion.
• the lubricant additive composition comprising ashless nanodispersion of oil insoluble organic compounds is useful as TBN (Total Base Number) booster for lubricating oil compositions.
• TBN Total Base Number
• Such lubricant additive is useful for various lubricating oil compositions, particularly engine lubricating oil with reduced levels of sulfated ash (SASH).
• lubricant additive is interchangeably used with “lubricant additive composition” and “lubricant additive formulation”. Said term refers to a composition comprising the components (a) an oil-insoluble nitrogen containing organic compound, (b) a surfactant, and (c) an organic media.
• lubricating oil composition is interchangeably used with "lubricating oil formulation”. Said term refers to a composition comprising a lubricating oil and the "lubricant additive" of the present invention.
• lubricating oil refers to lubricants useful for lubricating an apparatus in general, and in particular to engine oils for internal combustion engines.
• the present invention further provides that the addition of such lubricant additive, is capable of providing basicity to lubricant formulations (lubricant oil compositions); especially low sulfur, low phosphorus, low ash diesel oil formulations, and boosts the TBN level of such lubricating oils.
• the present invention provides a lubricant additive that comprises a oil insoluble nitrogen- containing organic compound, a surfactant and an organic media.
• the organic compound is in the form of a nanodispersion in the organic media.
• the nitrogen-containing organic compound can be selected from various derivatives of guanidine.
• the nitrogen-containing organic compound is selected from guanidine carbonate; 1 -methyl guanidine carbonate; 1,1 -dimethyl guanidine carbonate; and 1- ethyl guanidine carbonate.
• the nitrogen-containing organic compound is guanidine carbonate.
• the surfactants/dispersants for the lubricant additive can be selected from any conventional surfactants/dispersants used in lubricants.
• the surfactants/dispersants are ashless-type molecules used for stabilization of nanoparticles. They do not contain ash- forming metals when added to a lubricant.
• Dispersants also include polymeric dispersants having hyper reactive polymeric moiety.
• the ashless dispersants include N-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimides. Examples ofN-substituted long chain alkenyl succinimides include polyisobutylene succinimide with number average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene substituent in the range of 900 to 3000.
• the organic media in which the organic compound is dispersed in a base oil may include oils derived from animal sources and vegetable sources (e.g., rapeseed oil, fish oil, coconut oil, castor oil, lard oil), as well as mineral lubricating oils (Group I, Group II, Group III), and solvent-treated or acid-treated mineral lubricating oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types.
• the oils may be biodegradable in nature.
• the present invention also provides that the lubricant additive has a high TBN value, capable of being used in low amounts to achieve desired TBN level in the final lubricant formulations (lubricating oil compositions).
• the present invention also provides that the various concentrations of the lubricant additive can be added in varying amounts to a lubricating oil to achieve a lubricating oil composition with a desired TBN.
• the present invention there is provided a process to prepare an over based ashless lubricant additive composition free from metal salts. Further, the invention provides a process to solubilize or disperse large amounts of ashless basic materials (nitrogen containing organic compounds) in lubricant additive.
• the process comprises preparing a high TBN dispersion of organic base/compound in mineral oil by Small Molecule Surface Modification (SMSM) approach through chemo -mechanical processes.
• SMSM Small Molecule Surface Modification
• the surface modification of organic compound particles is done with lubricant formulation compatible dispersant by simultaneous wet ultra- fine grinding. Dispersion of particle with volume average particle size less than 100 nm is acheived with input of substantial energy.
• the present invention further describes the process of preparing the stable nanodispersion of the active over basing ashless compound in the base oil, which is however insoluble in non polar medium.
• the nanodispersion prepared according to the process of the invention has a total base number (TBN) ranging up to 300 and is opaque or semi- translucent or translucent or transparent depending on solid loading. Further the overbased dispersion prepared by Mechano-activated surface modification with in situ ultrafme grinding had been evaluated for finest particle size achievable, viscosity of the oil & total energy imparted.
• TBN total base number
• the lubricant additive can be used for adding in lubricants useful for lubricating apparatus generally, but particularly for use as engine oils for internal combustion engines.
• lubricants useful for lubricating apparatus generally, but particularly for use as engine oils for internal combustion engines.
• engine oils for internal combustion engines.
• These include but are not limited to passenger car engines, small engines, marine diesel engines, stationary gas engines, two-cycle and four-cycle engines, and engines fueled with gasoline, diesel fuel, organic fuels such as alcohol and hydrocarbon- alcohol mixtures, natural gas, and hydrogen, and sump-lubricated and fuel-lubricated engines.
• It is particularly suited for lubricating heavy duty diesel engines such as the type found in trucks.
• heavy duty diesel engines which are equipped with exhaust gas recirculation systems. Such systems may be used in efforts to reduce environmental emissions from such engines.
• Diesel engines with Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) may also experience higher loadings of acidic products of combustion, imparted to the lubricant from the exhaust gases, so lub
• the lubricating oil composition must continue to provide the high levels of lubricant performance, including adequate detergency, and specifications of the OEM's, such as the ACEA E6 and MB p228.51 (European) and API CI-4+ and API CJ-4 (U.S.) specifications for heavy duty engine lubricants. Criteria for being classified as a lubricating oil composition meeting the above listed industry standards is known to those skilled in the art. Following experiments/examples further describe the invention without limiting its scope:
• the final sample shows a TBN of 300 as measured in accordance with ASTM D-2896.
• a series of dispersions containing an ashless basic/organic compound, an organic medium and a surfactant are prepared from a slurry comprising 40 wt % to 50 wt % of the ashless base, 10 wt % to 15 wt % of a surfactant and for the remaining amount a hydrocarbon fluid, typically low viscosity mineral oil. 5 kg of the slurry is milled in a combination of horizontal & vertical bead mill with a milling chamber of suitable size appropriate for the scale of the operation.
• the bead size filling the chamber (typically 70 vol. %) is typically in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm diameter (e.g. 0.3 mm+/-0.05 mm beads).
• the dispersion is easy to pour and stable for several weeks between 20° C and 60° C, showing no tendency to stratify or to form a gel.
• the preparations prepared as per example are shown in Table 2.
• the final sample shows a TBN of 310 as measured in accordance with ASTM D-2896.
• a series of dispersions containing an ashless basic compound, an organic medium and a surfactant are prepared from a slurry comprising 60 wt % of the ashless base, 10 wt % to 15 wt % of a surfactant and for the remaining amount a diester fluid typically low viscosity DIDA (di-iso decyl di-adipate). 5 kg of the slurry is milled in a combination of horizontal & vertical bead mill with a milling chamber of suitable size appropriate for the scale of the operation.
• the bead size filling the chamber (typically 70 vol. %) is typically in the range of 0.1 mm to 1 mm diameter (e.g. 0.3 mm+/-0.05 mm beads).
• the dispersion is easy to pour and stable for several weeks between 20° C and 60° C, showing no tendency to stratify or to form a gel.
• the preparations prepared as per example are shown in Table 3.
• the final sample shows a TBN of 360 as measured in accordance with ASTM D-2896.
• Refractive index of mineral oil is 1.46-1.48 depending on the viscostiy & polarity of base oil.
• the RI of guanidine carbonate is 1.47.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

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• 2013
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