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WO2014031009A1 - Floating, semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines and method for commissioning, floating and installation of the semisubmersible hull - Google Patents

Floating, semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines and method for commissioning, floating and installation of the semisubmersible hull Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014031009A1
WO2014031009A1 PCT/NO2013/050136 NO2013050136W WO2014031009A1 WO 2014031009 A1 WO2014031009 A1 WO 2014031009A1 NO 2013050136 W NO2013050136 W NO 2013050136W WO 2014031009 A1 WO2014031009 A1 WO 2014031009A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hull
floating
pontoon structure
bucket
tower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2013/050136
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Trond LANDBØ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DR TECHN OLAV OLSEN AS
Original Assignee
DR TECHN OLAV OLSEN AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DR TECHN OLAV OLSEN AS filed Critical DR TECHN OLAV OLSEN AS
Publication of WO2014031009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014031009A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • B63B5/18—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements
    • B63B5/20—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced built-up from elements in combination with elements of other materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F03D13/256—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation on a floating support, i.e. floating wind motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
    • B63B2039/067—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water effecting motion dampening by means of fixed or movable resistance bodies, e.g. by bilge keels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • Floating, semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines and method for commissioning, floating and installation of the semisubmersible hull
  • the present invention relates to a floating hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines.
  • the hull is of the type semisubmersible floater, i.e. a partly submersible floating structure.
  • the invention relates to a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine(s), a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm.
  • the invention also relates to a method for commissioning, floating, and installing a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine, a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star
  • HiPRWind a prior art floater referred to as HiPRWind. This is a 3 column stiffened steel semisubmersible in which the three columns are stiffened at the top and bottom.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a semisubmersible floater having a rigid bottom pontoon structure with bucket cells with no complicating stiffening members at the top.
  • Another object is that the floating hull shall be robust with respect to turbine sizes.
  • a further object is that a shaft, supporting the tower of the wind turbine, is upwards adjustable so that the connection between the floater and turbine tower is moved upwards and that fatigue at the bottom of the steel turbine tower is thereby reduced.
  • a further object is that the floating hull shall exhibit high rigidity, robustness, long operating time, no need for inspection or maintenance below the waterline, and minimal maintenance costs with a proper choice of materials.
  • a still further object is that the entire floating turbine, including the turbine and tower, shall be fully assembled in shallow water at quay-side, and shall be capable of floating stably in all stages during transport and installation.
  • a yet still further object is that it shall be possible to construct the
  • a further object is that the semisubmersible hull shall be easily installable through straightforward towing and connection to a slack-moored system consisting primarily of at least three lines, of which one or more are attached to each corner cell.
  • a further object is that the semisubmersible hull shall be easily operable with no active ballasting.
  • semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine(s), a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm, characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure is provided with a ballasting system in a tower node at the bottom of the central tower and a pipe system connecting the ballasting system to bucket cell nodes at the bottom of the bucket cells.
  • a method for commissioning, floating, and installation of a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine, a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm, characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure is provided with a ballasting system in a tower node at the bottom of the central tower and a pipe system connecting the ballasting system with bucket cell nodes at the bottom of the bucket cells, whereby the hull is floated out from the commissioning site with a desired minimized draft, with the arms of the bottom pontoon structure being provided with temporary buoyancy in the floating stage, at the installation site, or once the water depth is sufficient, the compartments of the arms between the tower node and bucket cell nodes are communicated with the sea by opening a valve whereby water is locked into the compartments so that the bottom pontoon structure
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a prior art floater referred to as HiPRWind
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a floating semisubmersible hull as seen from the side and above
  • Fig. 3 shows the floating semisubmersible hull of Fig. 2 as seen from the side and below,
  • Fig. 4 shows the hull of Figs. 2 and 3 in a submerged position with the waterline depicted
  • Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a floating semisubmersible hull as seen from the side and above
  • Fig. 6 shows the lower part or bottom pontoon structure of the hull of Fig. 5,
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic of a ballasting system of the semisubmersible hull
  • Fig. 8 shows the semisubmersible hull including an installed windmill at the operation site.
  • a floating semisubmersible hull 1 for supporting preferably one or several windmills 20 is shown.
  • the hull 1 comprises a central tower 3 supporting the wind turbine 20.
  • the hull is further comprised of a rigid bottom pontoon structure 6 having three arms 8 arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower 3.
  • Individual bucket cells 12 are rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure 6 at the distal sections of each arm 8.
  • the floating hull 1 is made exclusively of concrete.
  • the bucket cells 12 could be made of steel, for example, with the other hull parts being made of concrete.
  • the entire hull 1 could be made of steel or possibly a composite material.
  • the bottom pontoon structure 6 ensures a rigid interconnection of central tower 3 and bucket cells 12, in which bucket cells 12 add stability to the structure.
  • the three arms 8, or pontoon beams, of the bottom pontoon structure provides buoyancy in temporary stages near the shore, for example, in which the floater is reliant on floating with a small draft.
  • the pontoon beams may be ballasted and communicated with the sea during operation so that the pontoon beams are not affected by the hydrostatic pressure in this phase nor require a separate ballast system. Additionally, the pontoon beams will ensure a good dampening and excellent movement characteristics.
  • the bottom pontoon structure 6 is made of concrete, which ensures a high-strength and rigid structure so that bucket cells 12 may be freestanding with no stiffening members at the top.
  • the floating semisubmersible hull 1 according to the present invention results in a very simple and pure floating structure which in addition to exhibiting good behaviour, robust properties in terms of strength and fatigue, maintenance-freedom, etc., also provides for
  • the hull 1 may be fully assembled at quay-side and float on the bottom pontoon structure 6 with only a small draft with the turbine installed.
  • the floating semisubmersible hull 1 hence requires only very simple mechanical equipment as subsequent to towing and during installation water is locked into the pontoon and communication is established with the sea, and the only thing necessary to control during operation is the water levels of nodes below bucket cells 12 and tower 3, which is accomplished by means of a simple ballasting system.
  • semisubmersible hull 1 may be constructed of different materials, such as exclusively of concrete, for example, or as a "hybrid".
  • the choice of material will depend on where the floating semisubmersible hull 1 is built and which restrictions are imposed with respect to water depth, quays, access to equipment, etc.
  • Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the floating semisubmersible hull 1 for a floating wind turbine.
  • the semisubmersible hull 1 is substantially identical to the above described embodiment of the hull, but in this case a brim 7 is provided around an external circumference of the lower portion of the bottom pontoon structure 6.
  • a brim 7 may also be provided at the level of the top plate of the pontoon. Such brim may be provided in addition to or instead of the upper brim 7.
  • Fig. 6 shows the lower part of the bottom pontoon structure including the three arms 8 with the brim 7.
  • the star-shaped bottom pontoon structure further includes, at the centre below the shaft or tower 3, a centre node 4. Also shown are bucket cell nodes 13 for each corner or bucket cell 12 provided at the distal sections of each pontoon beam.
  • Tower node 4 and bucket cell nodes 13, respectively, include compartments (volumes) at junctions below tower 3 and bucket cells 12, respectively.
  • the star-shaped bottom pontoon 6 serves an important function both in early stages and during operation.
  • the bottom pontoon structure 6 offers great buoyancy and stability so that the semisubmersible hull 1 may be fully assembled at quay-side.
  • the bottom pontoon structure 6 is filled with water and provides good stability, high displacement and high dampening, and at the same time rigidly connects the four main buoyancy elements, i.e. the tower 3 and three corner cells 12.
  • the brim 7 helps increasing the dampening.
  • a proper tuning of the dimensions of this bottom pontoon structure 6 is crucial for achieving an optimal movement during operation.
  • the semisubmersible hull 1 will be connected to a slack-moored system comprised primarily of at least three lines 21 , or groups of lines 21 , extending from bucket cells 12 to the sea floor.
  • a dry pump room 5 is provided in tower node 4.
  • a ballasting system 15 is provided in the pump room 5 and controls the level of ballast in the ballasting room, i.e. in bucket nodes 13.
  • Ballasting system 15 in tower node 4 is provided with a manifold and pipe system 19 connected to each bucket cell node 13.
  • Ballasting system 15 is simple and controls the filling and emptying of the three nodes 13 below corner cells 12. It is not intended for the installation to be ballasted actively during operation.
  • ballasting system 15 shall be capable of periodical adjustments on demand.
  • a draining system is provided for keeping the pump room 5 below the central tower 3 empty.
  • a venting pipe 10 is connected to pontoon arms 8 and protrudes above the expected water level on installation. Valves 9 are connected to a combined filling and draining pipe 1 1 in an area above the bottom pontoon structure 6.
  • valve 9 When the semisubmersible hull 1 is to be removed, valve 9 is closed and water can be pumped out from the pontoon arms 8 so that the structure may be taken in to shallow water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Description

Floating, semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines and method for commissioning, floating and installation of the semisubmersible hull
The present invention relates to a floating hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines. The hull is of the type semisubmersible floater, i.e. a partly submersible floating structure.
More particularly, the invention relates to a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine(s), a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm.
The invention also relates to a method for commissioning, floating, and installing a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine, a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star
configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm.
With reference to Fig. 1 , a prior art floater referred to as HiPRWind is shown. This is a 3 column stiffened steel semisubmersible in which the three columns are stiffened at the top and bottom.
An object of the present invention is to provide a semisubmersible floater having a rigid bottom pontoon structure with bucket cells with no complicating stiffening members at the top.
Another object is that the floating hull shall be robust with respect to turbine sizes.
A further object is that a shaft, supporting the tower of the wind turbine, is upwards adjustable so that the connection between the floater and turbine tower is moved upwards and that fatigue at the bottom of the steel turbine tower is thereby reduced. A further object is that the floating hull shall exhibit high rigidity, robustness, long operating time, no need for inspection or maintenance below the waterline, and minimal maintenance costs with a proper choice of materials.
A still further object is that the entire floating turbine, including the turbine and tower, shall be fully assembled in shallow water at quay-side, and shall be capable of floating stably in all stages during transport and installation.
A yet still further object is that it shall be possible to construct the
semisubmersible hull of steel, concrete, composite materials, or a combination thereof.
A further object is that the semisubmersible hull shall be easily installable through straightforward towing and connection to a slack-moored system consisting primarily of at least three lines, of which one or more are attached to each corner cell.
A further object is that the semisubmersible hull shall be easily operable with no active ballasting.
The objects of the present invention are achieved by a floating
semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine(s), a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm, characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure is provided with a ballasting system in a tower node at the bottom of the central tower and a pipe system connecting the ballasting system to bucket cell nodes at the bottom of the bucket cells.
Preferred embodiments of the floating hull are set out in more detail in claims 2 through 1 1 .
The objects are further achieved by a method for commissioning, floating, and installation of a floating semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines, comprising a central tower supporting the wind turbine, a rigid bottom pontoon structure having at least three arms arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower, and bucket cells rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure at the distal sections of each arm, characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure is provided with a ballasting system in a tower node at the bottom of the central tower and a pipe system connecting the ballasting system with bucket cell nodes at the bottom of the bucket cells, whereby the hull is floated out from the commissioning site with a desired minimized draft, with the arms of the bottom pontoon structure being provided with temporary buoyancy in the floating stage, at the installation site, or once the water depth is sufficient, the compartments of the arms between the tower node and bucket cell nodes are communicated with the sea by opening a valve whereby water is locked into the compartments so that the bottom pontoon structure is completely filled, communicated with the sea, and not affected by hydrostatic pressure in this stage, the ballasting system is operated and the water level in the bucket cell nodes and optionally in the tower node is controlled by the ballasting system until the desired filling level, balance and draft is obtained at the installation site.
In the following, embodiments of the floating submersible hull according to the invention will be explained:
Fig. 1 shows an example of a prior art floater referred to as HiPRWind;
Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a floating semisubmersible hull as seen from the side and above,
Fig. 3 shows the floating semisubmersible hull of Fig. 2 as seen from the side and below,
Fig. 4 shows the hull of Figs. 2 and 3 in a submerged position with the waterline depicted,
Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a floating semisubmersible hull as seen from the side and above,
Fig. 6 shows the lower part or bottom pontoon structure of the hull of Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 shows a schematic of a ballasting system of the semisubmersible hull, and
Fig. 8 shows the semisubmersible hull including an installed windmill at the operation site.
With reference to the drawings, a floating semisubmersible hull 1 for supporting preferably one or several windmills 20 is shown. The hull 1 comprises a central tower 3 supporting the wind turbine 20. The hull is further comprised of a rigid bottom pontoon structure 6 having three arms 8 arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower 3. Individual bucket cells 12 are rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure 6 at the distal sections of each arm 8.
In this embodiment, the floating hull 1 is made exclusively of concrete. In this regard, it shall be noted that the bucket cells 12 could be made of steel, for example, with the other hull parts being made of concrete. Also, the entire hull 1 could be made of steel or possibly a composite material.
The bottom pontoon structure 6 ensures a rigid interconnection of central tower 3 and bucket cells 12, in which bucket cells 12 add stability to the structure.
The three arms 8, or pontoon beams, of the bottom pontoon structure provides buoyancy in temporary stages near the shore, for example, in which the floater is reliant on floating with a small draft. The pontoon beams may be ballasted and communicated with the sea during operation so that the pontoon beams are not affected by the hydrostatic pressure in this phase nor require a separate ballast system. Additionally, the pontoon beams will ensure a good dampening and excellent movement characteristics.
Preferably, the bottom pontoon structure 6 is made of concrete, which ensures a high-strength and rigid structure so that bucket cells 12 may be freestanding with no stiffening members at the top. The floating semisubmersible hull 1 according to the present invention results in a very simple and pure floating structure which in addition to exhibiting good behaviour, robust properties in terms of strength and fatigue, maintenance-freedom, etc., also provides for
advantageous conditions during construction as the hull 1 may be fully assembled at quay-side and float on the bottom pontoon structure 6 with only a small draft with the turbine installed. The floating semisubmersible hull 1 hence requires only very simple mechanical equipment as subsequent to towing and during installation water is locked into the pontoon and communication is established with the sea, and the only thing necessary to control during operation is the water levels of nodes below bucket cells 12 and tower 3, which is accomplished by means of a simple ballasting system. Finally, it should be noted that the floating
semisubmersible hull 1 may be constructed of different materials, such as exclusively of concrete, for example, or as a "hybrid". A hybrid arrangement with bucket cells 12 of steel, i.e. from the top level of the bottom pontoon structure 6, results in a lighter structure and hence reduces the minimum draft during towing as well as in operation as compared to a concrete-only embodiment. The choice of material will depend on where the floating semisubmersible hull 1 is built and which restrictions are imposed with respect to water depth, quays, access to equipment, etc.
Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the floating semisubmersible hull 1 for a floating wind turbine. The semisubmersible hull 1 is substantially identical to the above described embodiment of the hull, but in this case a brim 7 is provided around an external circumference of the lower portion of the bottom pontoon structure 6. In a similar manner, a brim 7 may also be provided at the level of the top plate of the pontoon. Such brim may be provided in addition to or instead of the upper brim 7.
Fig. 6 shows the lower part of the bottom pontoon structure including the three arms 8 with the brim 7. The star-shaped bottom pontoon structure further includes, at the centre below the shaft or tower 3, a centre node 4. Also shown are bucket cell nodes 13 for each corner or bucket cell 12 provided at the distal sections of each pontoon beam. Tower node 4 and bucket cell nodes 13, respectively, include compartments (volumes) at junctions below tower 3 and bucket cells 12, respectively.
The star-shaped bottom pontoon 6 serves an important function both in early stages and during operation. In early stages, the bottom pontoon structure 6 offers great buoyancy and stability so that the semisubmersible hull 1 may be fully assembled at quay-side. During operation, the bottom pontoon structure 6 is filled with water and provides good stability, high displacement and high dampening, and at the same time rigidly connects the four main buoyancy elements, i.e. the tower 3 and three corner cells 12. The brim 7 helps increasing the dampening. A proper tuning of the dimensions of this bottom pontoon structure 6 is crucial for achieving an optimal movement during operation.
At the installation site, the semisubmersible hull 1 will be connected to a slack-moored system comprised primarily of at least three lines 21 , or groups of lines 21 , extending from bucket cells 12 to the sea floor. A dry pump room 5 is provided in tower node 4. A ballasting system 15 is provided in the pump room 5 and controls the level of ballast in the ballasting room, i.e. in bucket nodes 13.
Ballasting system 15 in tower node 4 is provided with a manifold and pipe system 19 connected to each bucket cell node 13. Ballasting system 15 is simple and controls the filling and emptying of the three nodes 13 below corner cells 12. It is not intended for the installation to be ballasted actively during operation.
However, ballasting system 15 shall be capable of periodical adjustments on demand. In addition, a draining system is provided for keeping the pump room 5 below the central tower 3 empty.
Pontoon arms 8, in the area (compartments) between tower node 4 and bucket cell nodes 13, are water-filled and communicated with the sea during operation. In early stages during construction and commissioning at quay-side, and in inshore waters, this volume of pontoon arms 8 is empty. By opening one or more valves 9 of each arm 8, these arms can be filled in that water is locked in until they are completely water-filled. Valves 9 remain open during operation and the structure hence doesn't experience any load from the water pressure. A venting pipe 10 is connected to pontoon arms 8 and protrudes above the expected water level on installation. Valves 9 are connected to a combined filling and draining pipe 1 1 in an area above the bottom pontoon structure 6.
When the semisubmersible hull 1 is to be removed, valve 9 is closed and water can be pumped out from the pontoon arms 8 so that the structure may be taken in to shallow water.

Claims

1. A floating semisubmersible hull (1 ) for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines (20), comprising a central tower (3) supporting the wind tur- bine(s) (20), a rigid bottom pontoon structure (6) having at least three arms (8) arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower (3), and bucket cells (12) rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure (6) at the distal sections of each arm (8),
characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure (6) is provided with a ballasting system (15) in a tower node (4) at the bottom of the central tower (3) and a pipe system (19) connecting the ballasting system (15) to bucket cell nodes (13) at the bottom of the bucket cells (12).
2. The floating hull (1) of claim 1,
characterized in that the ballasting system (15) is arranged in a dry pump room (5) with a draining system located in the tower node (4).
3. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that, during operation or installation of the hull (1 ), the water level in the bucket cell nodes (13) and optionally in the tower node (4) may be controlled by the bilge pump(s) of the ballasting system.
4. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure, in regions or compartments between the bucket cell nodes (13) and the tower node (4), is provided with venting pipes (10) and combined filling and draining pipes (11) including valves (9).
5. The floating hull (1 ) of claim 4,
characterized in that, during submersion of the hull (1 ), valves (9) are opened whereby water is locked into the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure until they are completely filled.
6. The floating hull (1 ) of claim 4,
characterized in that, during removal of the hull (1 ), valves (9) are closed whereby water is pumped out of the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure.
7. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that it is made exclusively of concrete.
8. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that the bucket cells (12) are made of steel and the remaining parts of the hull (1 ) are made of concrete.
9. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that it is made of steel.
10. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure (6), at the lower external circumferential area thereof, is provided with a brim (7).
11. The floating hull (1 ) of any of the previous claims,
characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure (6), at the upper external circumferential portion thereof, is provided with a brim (7).
12. A method for commissioning, floating, and installing a floating semisubmer- sible hull (1) for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines (20), comprising a central tower (3) supporting the wind turbine (20), a rigid bottom pontoon structure (6) having at least three arms (8) arranged in a star configuration and protruding from the central tower (3), and bucket cells (12) rigidly connected to the bottom pontoon structure (6) at the distal sections of each arm (8),
characterized in that the bottom pontoon structure (6) is provided with a ballasting system (15) in a tower node (4) at the bottom of the central tower (3) and a pipe system (19) connecting the ballasting system (15) to bucket cell nodes (13) at the bottom of the bucket cells (12), whereby the hull (1) is floated out from the commissioning site with a desired minimum draft, with the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure being provided with temporary buoyancy in the floating stage, at the installation site, or once the water depth is sufficient, the compartments of the arms between the tower node (4) and bucket cell nodes (13) are communicated with the sea by opening a valve (9) whereby water is locked into
5 the compartments so that the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure are filled and communicated with the sea whereby the arms (8) of the bottom pontoon structure are not affected by hydrostatic pressure in this phase, the ballasting system (15) is operated and the water level in the bucket cell nodes (13), and optionally in the tower node (4), is controlled by the bilge pumps of the ballasting i o system until the desired filling level, balance and draft are achieved on the
installation site.
PCT/NO2013/050136 2012-08-23 2013-08-23 Floating, semisubmersible hull for supporting preferably one or several wind turbines and method for commissioning, floating and installation of the semisubmersible hull Ceased WO2014031009A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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NO20120943 2012-08-23
NO20120943A NO334535B1 (en) 2012-08-23 2012-08-23 Liquid, semi-submersible hull for storage of preferably one or more wind turbines

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