WO2014012301A1 - Ruler-combined composite level gauge used for dual-type observation - Google Patents

Description

 Dual-purpose observation ruler combined composite level

 Technical field:

The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and particularly relates to a dual-purpose composite level which can effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of the leveling measurement and is not limited by the terrain environment.

 Background technique:

 Currently, known leveling devices consist of a level and two leveling scales. When measuring, first place two leveling scales on the ground, B two points, then set the level at A, B In the middle position of the two points, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the horizontal distance of the level gauge from the two leveling gauges is generally required to be equal or substantially equal. Use the horizontal line of sight of the leveling level to accurately read the elevation values of the two leveling scales. The difference between the measured height values is the ground. The height difference between the two points A and B. If the elevation of one point is known, the elevation of the other point can be derived from the height difference. The existing leveling methods have the following problems:

 (1) Measurement efficiency and low reliability

Reasonable configuration of the position between the level gauge and the leveling ruler in a complex terrain environment often consumes a lot of energy and time of the measuring personnel, affecting the measurement efficiency; using a level gauge for measurement, the multi-observation system cannot be performed on the measured height difference data. In order to improve the reliability of level measurement, the round-trip measurement check mode is often used, which not only consumes a lot of energy and time of the measurement personnel, but also affects the measurement efficiency, and its reliability is difficult to guarantee due to human factors;

 (2) Measurement is limited by the terrain environment

When encountering complex terrain such as steep slopes, potholes, ponds, ditches, gullies, rivers, mountains, etc., it is often impossible to erect the leveling device in the middle of the two leveling scales, resulting in the inability to implement leveling.

 Summary of the invention:

 The present invention is to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a A dual-composite level that can effectively improve the efficiency and reliability of leveling and is not limited by the terrain environment.

 The technical solution of the present invention is: The utility model relates to a dual-purpose observation level measuring instrument, which is provided with a cylindrical ruler and a leveling device. On the same cylinder surface of the cylindrical ruler body, a leveling ruler and an observation unit capable of sliding up and down are fixed, and the observation unit has The counterpart height signal measuring device and the local height signal measuring device that are fixedly connected to each other, the collimating axes of the opponent height signal measuring device and the local height signal measuring device are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the leveling scale.

The leveling device is a leveling monitoring device fixedly connected with a counterpart height signal measuring device or a local height signal measuring device, and the counterpart height signal measuring device, the local height signal measuring device and the leveling monitoring device respectively and digital signal processing Connected to the cylindrical ruler, a power module, an adjustment control button and a display screen are arranged, and the digital signal processor is connected to the display screen and the data transmission unit.

 The opponent height signal tester or And the height signal measuring device of the present side comprises a laser emitting device, the leveling scale is a laser sensing scale, and the laser sensing scale is connected to the digital signal processor.

 The power module is located at the bottom of the cylindrical ruler.

 Two sides of the cylindrical ruler are correspondingly provided with a handle, and the adjustment control button is placed on the handle.

 A positioning unit is connected to the digital signal processor.

The invention integrates the traditionally separated level and level gauge into one, and can be paired for dual observation, that is, synchronous leveling, mutual alignment, peer observation, two-way inspection, and truly realize point-to-point. The direct level measurement eliminates the need for time-consuming and laborious consideration of the rational configuration of the distance between the level gauge and the leveling scale, and also eliminates the need for round-trip measurement due to the reliability check of the dual-observation system, improving the efficiency and reliability of the leveling measurement. The selected points and locations of the survey are not limited by the terrain environment, and the level measurement can be conveniently carried out in complex terrain such as steep slopes, potholes, ponds, ditches, gullies, rivers, and mountains.

 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.

 Fig. 2 is a view showing the state of use of the embodiment 1 of the present invention.

 3 and 4 are schematic views showing the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

 Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

 Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

 Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

 Figure 8 is a block diagram showing the circuit principle of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

 detailed description:

 Example 1

 As shown in Figure 1: a 2 to 4 meter high cylindrical ruler made of metal, plastic or wood, in a cylindrical ruler 1 A leveling ruler 2 (ordinary ruler) and an observation unit 3 that can slide up and down are fixed on the same cylinder surface, and a slide rail can be installed on the cylindrical ruler 1. The slider on the observation unit 3 slides up and down along the slide rail and can be Different terrains are fixed to the rails for the need for horizontal line of sight height. The observation unit 3 has a mutual height signal measuring device which is fixedly connected to each other and whose collimation axes are parallel to each other. 4, the height signal measuring device 5 The other side height signal measuring device 4 adopts a telescope with aiming function, and is placed beside the leveling ruler 2, the collimation axis is perpendicular to the leveling ruler 2, and the height measuring instrument 5 of the side is used with a pointer, etc., and the leveling ruler 2 The relative setting is set on the opposite side of the leveling ruler 2. Level 6 fixed connection Mounted below the observation unit 3, using a circular level or / and axis perpendicular to the telescope's axis of sight A tube level parallel to the collimating axis of the telescope.

 Pairing and using the embodiment 1 of the present invention, the dual observation can be realized as shown in FIG. 2 to measure A and B.

 The height difference of the point, A is the party and B is the other party. The specific work process is as follows:

 ( 1 ). Place the instrument: Place the existing ruler 11 on the two measuring points A and B to make it stable. According to A, B The height difference between the two measuring points and the range that can be directly observed by the human are adjusted to the appropriate position of the observation unit 3 on the ruler 1. Adjust the existing auxiliary stand 12 to the appropriate length and use the buckle to connect the auxiliary stand 12 With the ruler 1, then place the ruler 1 on the ruler pad 11 and secure the auxiliary stand 12 .

 ( 2 ). Synchronous roughing: Both sides are assisted by the telescopic coarse adjustment and the spiral fine adjustment to make the level 6 The circular level bubble is centered.

 (3). Mutual sighting: The two sides conduct dual observations and target each other. The photo gates and the crosshairs on the telescope tube are roughly aligned with each other. Observing from the telescope, adjusting the focus and adjusting the light to make the target clear and correct the other party's standard. Ruler.

 (4). Synchronization Finishing: Both sides adjust the micro-dip spiral on the observation unit 3 to center the tube level bubble of the level 6 .

 (5). Peer-to-peer observation: The two sides simultaneously perform relatively independent peer observations, and the telescope can obtain the other party (B Height data of point), the height data of the side (point A) can be read by the pointer, A, B The difference between the two points is the level difference. The observation needs to be read multiple times (such as three times). If the error tolerance reaches the standard, the average value is taken as the measured value.

 (6). Two-way check: Exchange the measurement data of both parties and check the measurement results of both parties, that is, judge whether the mutual difference of the measurement results of both parties is exceeded according to the requirements of the specification, judge the qualified transfer station to continue the operation, and repeat the measurement at the original station if the evaluation fails.

 Example 2:

 As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5: the basic structure is as in Embodiment 1, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the leveling ruler 2 is adopted. Indium steel bar code ruler, the other height signal measuring device 4 adopts the automatic anping electronic telescope with aiming function, the height signal measuring device 5 of the side adopts the macro camera, and the lens faces the leveling ruler 2 The target height measuring device 4 and the height measuring instrument 5 of the square are perpendicular to the leveling ruler 2. Level 6 and observation unit 3 Relatively fixed leveling monitoring device, the leveling monitoring device adopts high-precision dual-axis tilt sensor (Ruifen HCA526T), and its two sensitive axes are both horizontal and horizontal. Vertical, and one of them is parallel to the collimator axis of the opponent's height signal detector 4, and the leveling monitoring device can also be fixed on the slider or with the other height signal detector 4 or / and the height signal meter 5 Connected to dynamically monitor the leveling state of the collimation axis of the opponent's height signal tester 4 or the local height signal tester 5.

 The other party's height signal tester 4 and its own height signal tester 5 and digital signal processor (DSP, ARM, etc.) In addition, the output signal of the leveling monitoring device 6 is also connected to the digital signal processor, and the cylindrical ruler 1 is provided with a power module 7 (iron lithium battery, etc.) and a display screen 9, the digital signal processing And display 9 and the data transmission unit is connected. The battery can be mounted on the bottom of the ruler 1 to reduce the center of gravity of the ruler 1 and improve the stability of the ruler 1 when it is erected on the basis of reliable power supply; It can be a touch display, and the adjustment control button 8 for adjusting the control height signal measuring device 4, the height measuring device 5 of the square, the leveling monitoring device, etc. can be set as a touch button in the touch display screen. The touch button can be used for interactive input, and at the same time, the display interface (electronic telescope image, leveling monitoring screen, status indication, data display, control menu, etc.) can be provided, and the digital signal processor adopts FLASH. The memory stores data, and functions such as scale reading and reading, measurement data exchange and processing, and inspection are implemented by software. The data transmission unit can be used by the audio codec (CODEC) and ZigBee, RF, etc. The wireless data transmission module is configured to complete data transmission such as voice, graphics, and digital.

 The working process is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows:

 Placement of the instrument: The position of the observation unit 3 is not limited by the height of the surveyor and can be adjusted to the entire ruler 1 .

 Synchronous roughing and flattening: Both sides adopt the telescopic coarse adjustment and the spiral fine adjustment auxiliary tripod to make the display 9 display according to the output signal of the leveling monitoring device 6. The circular level electronic bubble is centered, and the data transfer unit exchanges the two levels of state data in real time and displays it on the display 9 in real time.

 Mutual Sight: Observe the coarseness of each other by observing the image displayed on the display screen 9 and observe the opponent's height signal tester 4 The transmitted image is adjusted with the display touch button to adjust the focus of the opponent's height signal detector 4 to make the target clear and to align the level of the opponent.

 Synchronized finishing level: both sides are measured by the other height signal detector 4 The automatic leveling function achieves precise leveling, and the data transfer unit exchanges the leveling status data of both sides in real time and displays it on the display screen 9 in real time.

 Peer-to-peer observation: Under the control of the touch button, the observation operation can be performed, and the automatic Anping telescope can obtain the other party on the horizontal line of sight (B Point) the height of the scale image, the macro camera can get the horizontal line of sight (A Point) the height of the scale image, the resulting height and the other party's height signal (graphics) are input to the digital signal processor for processing and height difference calculation and display and storage. The observation needs to be read multiple times (such as three times). If the error tolerance reaches the standard, the average value is taken as the measured value;

Two-way check: The data transmission unit exchanges the measurement data of both parties in real time and checks the measurement results of both parties, that is, whether the difference between the measurement results of both parties is judged according to the specification requirements, and the qualified transfer station continues to operate, and the evaluation fails. Repeat the measurement at the original station.

 Example 3:

 As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the basic structure is the same as that of the embodiment 2, and the difference from the second embodiment is the counterpart height signal measuring device 4 Use an electronic telescope that does not have an automatic leveling function. A handle 10 is provided on both sides of the cylindrical ruler 1, and the adjustment control button 8 is fixed on the handle 10, and the control button 8 is adjusted. It can be a push button switch or an adjustment knob, etc. The output of the adjustment control button 8 is connected to the digital signal processor, and the display screen 9 is not limited to the touch display screen.

 The working process is basically the same as that in Embodiment 2, and the differences are as follows:

 Placement of the instrument: no auxiliary tripod is used, the same as the traditional leveling measurement, and the measuring staff will use the artificial ruler.

 Synchronous roughing: Both measuring personnel display the output signal according to the leveling monitoring device 6 on the display screen 9 The circular level screen, artificially supporting the ruler to keep the electronic bubble centered to achieve rough leveling.

Synchronous finishing level: Since the artificial ruler can not be stably maintained in the leveling state for a long time, the leveling state of both sides is continuously monitored, that is, the digital signal processor continuously acquires the signal output by the leveling monitoring device, and dynamically monitors the height of the other party in real time. Signal tester 4 Sight axis The posture information is realized by the data transmission unit, so that both parties can grasp the leveling state information of the other party in real time, and the digital signal processor captures the moment when both parties reach the leveling requirement state at the same time. The leveling threshold can be set according to the measurement accuracy requirements. When the measurement accuracy is high, more precise leveling is required, and the skilled personnel's skilled operation skills are required.

 Peer-to-peer observation: Operate the adjustment control button at the moment when both sides are simultaneously reached the leveling request state. And the height data of the party and the other party are measured by the digital signal processor.

 Example 4:

 The basic structure is the same as that of the embodiment 2 or 3. The difference from the embodiment 2 is the leveling ruler 2 The bar code scale is combined with the laser inductive scale and placed on both sides of the observation unit 3, and the other height signal measuring device 4 adopts a composite automatic anping electronic telescope with embedded optical axis coincident laser emission, and the height signal measuring device of the square 5 Adopt absolute linear grating. As shown in FIG. 8 , a positioning unit (GPS / GLONASS receiving module) disposed on the ruler 1 is connected to the digital signal processor; The laser-sensitive scale is connected to the digital signal processor.

The difference between the working process and the second and third embodiments is that the B-side laser-sensing scale can be irradiated by the laser beam emitted by the A-side laser emitter, and the reading of the center position of the spot on the laser-sensing scale is the height data signal of the B-party (the other party). The digital signal processor is sent to the B side and sent to the A side through the data transmission unit, so that the A side obtains the height data signal of the other party; at the same time, the AB distance detection by the laser beam can synchronously measure the horizontal distance between the two parties. The A side simultaneously reads the height data of the square from the absolute linear grating; the satellite positioning unit can perform the specific position location of the measurement point and provide the geographical location information of the measurement point.

Claims (6)

The utility model relates to a dual-type composite level gauge for dual observation, which is characterized in that: a cylindrical ruler (1) and a leveler (6) are arranged in the cylindrical ruler (1) a leveling ruler (2) and an observation unit (3) capable of sliding up and down are fixed on the same cylinder surface, and the observation unit (3) has a mutual height signal measuring device fixedly connected to each other (4) ) and the height signal measuring device (5) of the square, the collimating axes of the opponent height signal measuring device (4) and the height measuring instrument (5) of the same side are parallel to each other and with the leveling scale (2) ) Vertical. The dual-purpose observation level composite level according to claim 1, wherein the level (6) is a height signal measuring device (4) ) or the leveling device (5) fixedly connected to the leveling monitoring device, the opponent height signal measuring device (4), the local height signal measuring device (5) And the leveling monitoring device is respectively connected to the digital signal processor, and the columnar body (1) is provided with a power module (7), an adjustment control button (8) and a display screen (9) The digital signal processor is connected to the display screen (9) and the data transmission unit. The dual-purpose observation leveling compound leveling device according to claim 2, wherein: said counterpart height signal measuring device (4) or And the height signal meter (5) of the present side contains a laser emitting device, the leveling gauge (2) is a laser sensing scale, and the laser sensing scale is connected to the digital signal processor. The dual-purpose observation level composite level according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the power module (7) is located in a cylindrical ruler (1) )bottom of. The dual-purpose observation level composite level according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the two sides of the cylindrical ruler (1) are correspondingly provided with a handle ( 10), the adjustment control button (8) is placed on the handle (10). According to claim 2 or 3 The dual-purpose observation level composite level is characterized in that: a positioning unit is connected to the digital signal processor.

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