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WO2014098588A1 - Capteur de pression - Google Patents

Capteur de pression Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014098588A1
WO2014098588A1 PCT/NL2013/050917 NL2013050917W WO2014098588A1 WO 2014098588 A1 WO2014098588 A1 WO 2014098588A1 NL 2013050917 W NL2013050917 W NL 2013050917W WO 2014098588 A1 WO2014098588 A1 WO 2014098588A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
pressure sensor
protrusion
pressure
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NL2013/050917
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Daryl Joseph BRIGGS
Rob ORCHARD
Allan Walter Wilson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lely Patent NV
Original Assignee
Lely Patent NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lely Patent NV filed Critical Lely Patent NV
Publication of WO2014098588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014098588A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00—Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • G01L9/0041—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms
    • G01L9/0076—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using photoelectric means
    • G01L9/0077—Transmitting or indicating the displacement of flexible diaphragms using photoelectric means for measuring reflected light
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01J—MANUFACTURE OF DAIRY PRODUCTS
    • A01J5/00—Milking machines or devices
    • A01J5/007—Monitoring milking processes; Control or regulation of milking machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure sensor. More particularly the present invention relates to a pressure sensor for use in a milking system for milking a dairy animal.
  • Such methods require placement of the sensor for measuring sound within the milking line between the teat cups and milk receiver.
  • the environment surrounding the teat cups is harsh, for example due to exposure to liquid (including cleaning chemicals), impact, and variation in temperature. Positioning of the sensor at this point is also not conducive to the generally desirable objective of minimising bulk and weight to the milking implement.
  • An alternative method of determining cup connection quality is to measure the vacuum level near the teat cup. Vacuum levels in general are of interest in their own right with regard to assessing the efficiency of the milking process.
  • the complexity and costs of existing sensors are not ideal for a milking system - and improvements are still required.
  • Optical diaphragm based pressure sensing is a generally known technique.
  • PCT Publication No. WO 2006/042012 describes a pressure sensor in which the deflection of a diaphragm is determined from the amount of light reaching optical receivers from a light source.
  • a barrier connected to the diaphragm modifies the amount of light reaching the receivers according to the degree of deflection.
  • such a sensor may be technically capable of measuring pressure in a milking system, the complexity and precision required in manufacturing and assembling this sensor - particularly connecting the rigid barrier to the flexible diaphragm - would make it cost prohibitive to adopt in a milking system.
  • US Patent No. 4, 141 ,252 describes a pressure transducer in which a diaphragm is formed as an integral part with the supporting body, and movement of the diaphragm causes changes in capacitance.
  • the integral nature of the diaphragm and surrounding structure may be beneficial with regard to eliminating the need for an additional step to attach these parts to each other.
  • it may be desirable to use an optical based sensor in a milking environment and it is not apparent as to how the capacitive displacement detection mechanism could be replaced with an optical system which does not retain the same problems as WO 2006/042012.
  • a pressure sensor including:
  • an elastic diaphragm in the body having a measuring side and a reference side, wherein deflection of the diaphragm is indicative of the pressure difference between the two sides;
  • protrusion extending from a surface of the diaphragm, wherein the protrusion is configured as an optical barrier
  • a light detector arranged to detect emitted light and generate an output
  • the light source and the light detector are arranged relative to the protrusion such that the output of the light detector is indicative of the deflection of the diaphragm
  • protrusion and at least a portion of the body surrounding the diaphragm, are made of the same material as the diaphragm.
  • a milking system for milking a dairy animal including:
  • At least one pulsation airline configured to deliver varying levels of pressure to the teat cup
  • reference to “deflection of the diaphragm is indicative of pressure on the measuring side” means that when the diaphragm deflects, the position of the diaphragm, and in particular that of the protrusion thereon, with respect to the light source and light detector will change, thus screening off a different amount of light. This will in turn lead to a change in the output from the light detector, from which the pressure of the measuring side relative to the reference side may be inferred.
  • the diaphragm serves to separate two bodies of fluid (which may each comprise, for example, gas and/or liquid) relative to each other.
  • the difference in pressure between the two bodies of fluid will determine deflection of the diaphragm, which may be used to infer the pressure of one of those bodies of fluid.
  • the pressure of one of those bodies may be known and used as a reference point, as will be described further below.
  • the pressure on the reference side is atmospheric pressure.
  • the deflection of the diaphragm is therefore brought about by a pressure change on the measuring side of the diaphragm.
  • a vent used to vent the reference side to atmosphere may be of a size which permits air flow to maintain the internal pressure at atmospheric pressure despite changes in environmental temperature, while minimising moisture and dust ingress - for example less than 1 mm in cross sectional area.
  • the vent may be a gas permeable moisture barrier.
  • the reference side of the diaphragm could be sealed to produce a defined volume - with the diaphragm forming a wall of that enclosure. This may allow for optimal protection of the optical components and reference side of the diaphragm against contamination and ambient light.
  • the amount of gas inside the sealed enclosure would in principle be fixed, allowing pressure measurements and calibration to be conducted with this alternative factor.
  • portion of the body surrounding the diaphragm, the diaphragm, and the protrusion are moulded as a unitary part.
  • any adhesive, welds, or other form of connection may variably affect the flexibility of the diaphragm, creating inconsistencies between sensors and making calibration more problematic.
  • the material for the diaphragm should preferably be food safe for use in a milking environment, retain stable flexibility over a temperature range in the order of 0-100°C, have repeatable flexibility between batches, have good resistance (particularly with regard to flexibility) to chemicals - both acid and alkali, and be opaque to both reduce ambient light the light detector is exposed to and enable the protrusion to block light from the light source.
  • the material may be capable of forming a diaphragm having one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the diaphragm is made from a silicone rubber.
  • Silicone rubbers are commonly used in parts within milking systems. They have better aging characteristics than natural rubber, and flexibility is relatively stable with respect to temperature.
  • the silicone rubber has a cured hardness of substantially
  • silicone rubber 48 Shore A, particularly within a temperature range of substantially 0-100°C.
  • An example of such a silicone rubber is the silicone compound sold by Silclear Limited (UK) at the time of filing as "Silclear Black H-Flex 48-m-C".
  • the protrusion extends from the geometric centre of the diaphragm, and the cross-section of the protrusion at its junction with the diaphragm may be the same shape as the surface of the diaphragm from which it extends.
  • the behaviour of the diaphragm may be made more predictable, as the effect of the protrusion on flexibility of the diaphragm is constant in all directions.
  • the inventors have also identified that irregular shaped protrusions may also reduce the degree to which the diaphragm deflects under pressure, which affects the dynamic range of the sensor.
  • the diaphragm is circular, and the protrusion is cylindrical. This may provide an easily moulded geometrical shape having the desired symmetry described above.
  • the protrusion will extend from the surface of the diaphragm away from the measuring side.
  • the protrusion side of the diaphragm, including the optical components, may be enclosed by a housing, or covered by another protective structure in order to prevent intrusion by dirt or other contaminants, or ambient light which may interfere with readings from the light detector.
  • the pressure sensor's body could be integrated into a wall of a hollow body in which a pressure is to be measured such that the measuring side of the diaphragm faces the interior of the hollow body.
  • Reference to a hollow body should be understood to mean any object intended to contain or direct passage of a fluid, whereby it may be desirable to determine the pressure within that object.
  • the hollow body may be a component of a milking system, such as a milk line, an airline, or the like, or any other container or receptacle along same - for example a milk jar.
  • the body may include an aperture between inner and outer surfaces of the body, and the portion of the body surrounding the diaphragm forms a support structure configured to seal the aperture.
  • This relates to the diaphragm being mounted in a support structure for handling, the support structure being fitted into the aperture, and the combination of the support structure and the diaphragm sealing the aperture.
  • the sides of the support structure are configured to form a seal against the aperture.
  • milking systems which open into a milk line or airline and require plugging to seal them. It would be useful if a pressure sensor might be used in place of such plugs in order to take advantage of such openings, and provide additional functionality to the plug which would be required anyway.
  • the milking system may include sensors utilising lengths of tube including a well, such as that illustrated in US Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0273273. One method by which such tubes are manufactured results in an aperture being formed above the well which requires sealing.
  • the portion of the body surrounding the diaphragm i.e. the support structure, is of sufficient thickness to resist deformation of the support structure due to pressure within the hollow body below substantially 60 kPa where the deformation which would negatively affect linearity of the output of the light detector.
  • the portion of the body surrounding the diaphragm i.e. the support structure, may at least substantially three times the thickness of the diaphragm in order to provide this resistance to deformation. It should be appreciated that this is not intended to be limiting, and may vary with the material choice and maximum pressure the sensor is to be exposed to.
  • the surface of the support structure exposed to the interior of the hollow body may be shaped to be substantially continuous with the inner surface of the hollow body.
  • the support structure may be curved to substantially align with the curvature of the line in which it is inserted. This may reduce the invasiveness of the structure and the associated risk of turbulence being produced in milk flowing through the line. This is generally desirable in a milk line in order to reduce damage to the milk or avoid creating a point where milk residue builds up and contaminates the line. Further, turbulence may be particularly undesirable in sections of the milk line where other types of sensing are to be performed.
  • a pressure sensor for use with a hollow body including an inner surface, an outer surface, and an aperture therebetween, the pressure sensor including:
  • an elastic diaphragm having a reference side, and a measuring side contiguous with the inner surface of the body, wherein deflection of the diaphragm is indicative of pressure within the body on the measuring side;
  • the support structure is made of the same material as the diaphragm and configured to fit within the aperture.
  • the pressure sensor may comprise, as described above, a protrusion extending from diaphragm - for example, from the reference side of the diaphragm.
  • milking system for milking a dairy animal including:
  • At least one pulsation airline configured to deliver varying levels of pressure to the teat cup
  • the protrusion being made of the same material as the diaphragm, or being made as a unitary part may be preferred but not essential to working of the invention.
  • the various features discussed herein, in particular all those mentioned below, may be applied to the different mentioned aspects of the present invention.
  • Reference to features of the body may be applied to the support structure, and vice versa.
  • the support structure includes a recess surrounding the protrusion, the recess configured to receive the light source and the light detector. In doing so, the effects of ambient light on the output of the light detector may be reduced.
  • the light source and light detector may be mounted on a PCB to be seated across the top of the recess, further physically isolating the light source and light detector from external sources of light.
  • the pressure sensor comprises an opaque covering, arranged to shield ambient light from the optical detector.
  • the covering is contiguous with the support structure.
  • the recess is configured to receive the light source on one side of the protrusion, and the light detector on the other side of the protrusion. In such a configuration, deflection of the diaphragm will be proportional to the transmitted light received by the light detector. It should be appreciated that other arrangements are envisaged.
  • the recess may be configured to allow the detector and source to be positioned side by side, with reflected light from the protrusion used to gauge deflection of the diaphragm.
  • the light source and the light emitter may respectively be positioned at substantially the same distance from the protrusion. This may allow the PCB on which the components are mounted to be installed in either orientation without affecting operation.
  • the light source emits light having a wavelength substantially between 450nm to 495nm.
  • the light source is a light emitting diode (LED), and the inventors have identified that blue LEDs are less affected by temperature than infrared equivalents, while also being readily available in a desirable package and having greater luminous intensity than green equivalents.
  • the output of the light detector may be processed further at the sensor itself, or transmitted using any suitable means known to a person skilled in the art for further processing.
  • the pressure sensor may be arranged or positioned to output a signal indicative of the pressure in one of the milk line or the air line.
  • the determination of pressure using embodiments of the present invention may be implemented as instructions (for example, procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described. It should be appreciated that the present invention is not described with reference to any particular programming languages, and that a variety of programming languages could be used to implement the present invention.
  • Firmware and/or software codes may be stored in a memory, or embodied in any other processor readable medium, and executed by a processor or processors.
  • the memory may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a digital signal processor (DSP) and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • the processors may function in conjunction with servers and network connections as known in the art.
  • steps of a method, process, or algorithm described in connection with the present invention may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two.
  • the various steps or acts in a method or process may be performed in the order shown, or may be performed in another order. Additionally, one or more process or method steps may be omitted or one or more process or method steps may be added to the methods and processes. An additional step, block, or action may be added in the beginning, end, or intervening existing elements of the methods and processes.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a milking system according to one aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 2A is a side cross section view of an exemplary pressure sensor according to one aspect of the present invention
  • Fig. 2B is a perspective view of the exemplary pressure sensor
  • Fig. 2C is a end cross section view of the exemplary pressure sensor
  • Fig. 3 is a side cross section view of an exemplary pressure sensor according to an aspect of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a graph plotting diaphragm deflection against thickness
  • Fig. 5 is a graph plotting coefficient of determination against diaphragm thickness
  • Fig. 6 is a graph plotting relative sensor output against position
  • Fig. 7 is a graph plotting sensor output voltage against vacuum
  • Fig. 8A is a side cross section view of an exemplary pressure sensor according to a further aspect of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8B is a perspective view of the exemplary pressure sensor
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a pressure sensor unit according to a further aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG 1 illustrates a milking system (generally indicated by arrow 1 ) for milking a dairy animal (not illustrated).
  • the device 1 includes four teat cups 2, 3, 4, 5, each connected to a pulsator system 6 by way of individual airlines, exemplified by airline 7 which is associated with teat cup 2.
  • the vacuum line 8 for the pulsator system 6 is connected in a usual manner to a vacuum pump with balance tank (not illustrated).
  • Each teat cup 2, 3, 4, 5 may be automatically connected and disconnected from a teat of a cow by means of a milking robot (not illustrated), although it should be appreciated that the teat cups may be applied manually.
  • milk extracted by each teat cup 2, 3, 4, 5 is supplied via separate milk lines, exemplified by milk line 9 which is associated with teat cup 2, to a milk jar 10 and ultimately a milk tank (not illustrated).
  • Each teat cup 2, 3, 4, 5 is provided with a pressure sensor, exemplified by pressure sensors 1 1 and 12, within their respective airlines and milk lines - for example airline 7 and milk line 9. It should be appreciated that this is not intended to be limiting, and that a pressure sensor of the present invention may be positioned at another location - for example at milk jar 10.
  • the output of sensors 1 1 and 12 are sent to a processor 13.
  • the processor 13 is also in communication with the pulsator system 6. It should be appreciated that the signals communicated from the sensors 1 1 and 12 and pulsator system 6 may include data identifying the respective sensor 1 1 or 12, pulsator within the pulsator system 6, and/or teat cup 2, 3, 4, 5. Data transmitted to the processor 13 may be stored in memory 14, together with other data used in calculations performed by the processor 13, as known in the art.
  • Fig. 2A illustrates a pressure sensor 200 for use in a milking system such as that illustrated by Fig. 1 .
  • the sensor 200 includes a body 201 made of silicone rubber, and including a recess 202 therein.
  • the recess 202 is moulded to create a circular diaphragm 203 at the base of the body 201 .
  • a cylindrical protrusion 204 extends from the geometric centre of a reference side of the diaphragm 203 into the recess 202, with the other side of the diaphragm being the measuring side.
  • the diaphragm 203 deflects, causing the protrusion 204 to move up and down within the recess 202.
  • the portion of the body 201 surrounding the diaphragm 203 - such as portion 205 - is at least three times thicker than the diaphragm 203 in order to resist deformation of the support structure due to pressure within the hollow body below substantially 60 kPa where that deformation which would negatively affect linearity of the output of the light detector.
  • the body 201 includes a depression 206 surrounding the recess 202.
  • a PCB board 207 is positioned within the depression 206 such that the recess 202 is substantially physically isolated from external light sources.
  • a light source in the form of a blue LED 208, and a light detector in the form of a photodiode 209, are mounted to the PCB facing each other with the protrusion 204 positioned between them.
  • Arrow 210 illustrates the path of light transmitted from LED 208 to the photodiode 209.
  • the length of the protrusion 204 and positioning of the optical components is such that the centre of the linear range of travel of the protrusion 204 occurs at the centre of the range of pressure to be determined, and substantially within the centre of the linear dynamic range of the photodiode 209. In doing so, accuracy across the dynamic range of the sensor may be maximised by creating a linear response from the photodiode 209. As will be discussed below with reference to Fig. 6, working from the centre of the linear range of travel allows for a buffer on either side of the desired operating range - creating a tolerance for variation in manufacture.
  • the position of the protrusion 204 at maximum pressure differential is illustrated by the dashed box 21 1 . It should be appreciated that the relative degree of deflection is exaggerated in order to more clearly illustrate the interaction of the various components.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a section of a milk line 300 in which the pressure sensor 200 may be used.
  • the section 300 is moulded to form a well 301 for the collection of milk which may be sampled or have various analytical techniques applied to it.
  • an aperture 302 between outer surface 303 and inner surface 304 is formed above the well.
  • the pressure sensor 200 may be inserted into the aperture 302 as a convenient location for exposure to the milk line (for example milk line 9 of Fig. 1 ) to determine vacuum pressure in same, as well as sealing the aperture 302.
  • the body 201 surrounding the diaphragm 203 and exposed to the interior of the section 300 is shaped to be substantially continuous with the inner surface 304.
  • exposed surface 212 is curved to substantially align with the curvature of the section 300.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 illustrate the range and linearity of deflection of a pressure sensor configured substantially as illustrated in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B, Fig. 2C, and Fig. 3, testing the effects of hardness of the material used to mould the body.
  • the diaphragm 203 used to produce these results was 7.4 ⁇ 0.1 mm in diameter. This was desirable in order to allow use of the sensor 200 within a tube having an inner diameter of 14 mm.
  • the protrusion 204 was 2.5 mm in diameter, being the smallest size which blocked the active surface of the photodiode 209.
  • the 48 Shore A sensor achieved a greater degree of deflection that the 68 Shore A version. Further, from Fig. 5 it may be seen that the linearity of deflection was greater for the softer material - particularly across the desired diaphragm thickness range.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the relative output of the photodiode 209 against deflection of the protrusion 204. It may be seen that the linear range of the optical components was slightly less than 2 mm. Given that the desired operating range in terms of deflection is 0.5 mm ( ⁇ 25% of the linear range) over 50 kPa, this leaves some 1 .5 mm for variation in assembly. Across the linear range the voltage output was between 0.5 V to 4.0 V, which corresponds to 0.875 V output across the desired operating range. Using a 12-bit analogue to digital converter (ADC), a 0.07 kPa resolution may be achieved, which was determined to be well within the resolution required for measurements within the context of a milking system.
  • ADC analogue to digital converter
  • vacuum level is linearly correlated with the voltage output of the pressure sensor 200.
  • Estimated pressure in the form of vacuum (Vac) may be estimated from the ADC value using the formula:
  • VaCv 2 is the reference vacuum level (non-atmosphere) at which is determined (provided by a vacuum sensor at milk jar 10); U v is the sensor 200 ADC value; K v i is the low vacuum calibration value (the ADC value at atmospheric pressure); and is the High vacuum calibration value (the ADC value at VaCv 2 minus K v i).
  • Fig. 8A and 8B illustrates an alternative structure for a pressure sensor 800 according to another aspect of the present invention.
  • the sensor 800 includes a hollow body 801 made of silicone rubber.
  • a recess forming a diaphragm and protrusion substantially as illustrated with regard to Fig. 2A is moulded into the body 801 at region 802. While not illustrated, an LED and photodiode may positioned within the recess and operated substantially as discussed above.
  • Standard milk line or airline connectors may be inserted into the ends 803 and 804 of the body 801 , which being made of a resilient material seals against those connectors.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates a pressure sensor unit 900 having a housing 901 configured to receive four pressure sensor bodies 800 - for example one for each milk line associated with teat cups 1 , 2, 3, 4 of Fig. 1 .
  • the housing 901 may contain power supply, higher level processing, and/or communications electronics which service all of the respective pressure sensors.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un capteur de pression destiné à être utilisé dans un système de traite servant à traire un animal laitier. Dans un mode de réalisation, le capteur de pression comprend un corps contenant un diaphragme élastique comportant un côté de mesure et un côté de référence, la déformation du diaphragme indiquant une pression sur le côté de mesure. Le capteur comprend une saillie s'étendant à partir d'une surface du diaphragme, la saillie étant conçue pour être une barrière optique pour une source de lumière émettant une lumière, et un détecteur de lumière conçu pour détecter la lumière émise et générer une sortie, la source de lumière et le détecteur de lumière étant agencés par rapport à la saillie de façon que la sortie du détecteur de lumière indique la déformation du diaphragme. La saillie et au moins une partie du corps entourant le diaphragme sont constituées du même matériau que le diaphragme.
PCT/NL2013/050917 2012-12-21 2013-12-18 Capteur de pression Ceased WO2014098588A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2010042A NL2010042C2 (en) 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 A pressure sensor.
NL2010042 2012-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014098588A1 true WO2014098588A1 (fr) 2014-06-26

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PCT/NL2013/050917 Ceased WO2014098588A1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2013-12-18 Capteur de pression

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WO (1) WO2014098588A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114184311A (zh) * 2021-11-20 2022-03-15 中国科学院自动化研究所 触觉传感器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141252A (en) 1977-11-04 1979-02-27 Lodge Arthur S Flush pressure transducers for measuring pressures in a flowing fluid
WO1986007445A1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-18 Optima Systems, Inc. Capteur optique de pression
EP0953829A2 (fr) 1998-05-01 1999-11-03 Maasland N.V. Méthode et dispositif pour la surveillance acoustique du déroulement d'un processus, tel qu'un processus de traite
US20060072868A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Bateman David E Pressure sensor
WO2009145634A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Capteur de pression pour système de transport de lait
US20100273273A1 (en) 2004-03-25 2010-10-28 Cross Peter Stephen Sampling single phase from multiphase fluid

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4141252A (en) 1977-11-04 1979-02-27 Lodge Arthur S Flush pressure transducers for measuring pressures in a flowing fluid
WO1986007445A1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-18 Optima Systems, Inc. Capteur optique de pression
EP0953829A2 (fr) 1998-05-01 1999-11-03 Maasland N.V. Méthode et dispositif pour la surveillance acoustique du déroulement d'un processus, tel qu'un processus de traite
US20100273273A1 (en) 2004-03-25 2010-10-28 Cross Peter Stephen Sampling single phase from multiphase fluid
US20060072868A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-06 Bateman David E Pressure sensor
WO2006042012A2 (fr) 2004-10-05 2006-04-20 Airpax Corporation, Llc Capteur de pression
WO2009145634A1 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap Capteur de pression pour système de transport de lait

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114184311A (zh) * 2021-11-20 2022-03-15 中国科学院自动化研究所 触觉传感器

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