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WO2014082684A1 - Cadre de levage - Google Patents

Cadre de levage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082684A1
WO2014082684A1 PCT/EP2012/074160 EP2012074160W WO2014082684A1 WO 2014082684 A1 WO2014082684 A1 WO 2014082684A1 EP 2012074160 W EP2012074160 W EP 2012074160W WO 2014082684 A1 WO2014082684 A1 WO 2014082684A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lifting
lifting frame
tower
load
base
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/074160
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Guy RUSSELL
David TRAYNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VSL International Ltd
Original Assignee
VSL International Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VSL International Ltd filed Critical VSL International Ltd
Priority to PCT/EP2012/074160 priority Critical patent/WO2014082684A1/fr
Publication of WO2014082684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082684A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
    • E04H12/342—Arrangements for stacking tower sections on top of each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05B2230/61—Assembly methods using auxiliary equipment for lifting or holding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/916—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure with provision for hoisting onto the structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of the lifting of heavy loads on to tall structures. More specifically it relates to a lifting frame apparatus that allows lifting wind turbine parts, such as a nacelle and a rotor between ground level and the top of wind turbine towers. The invention also allows these parts to be mounted in place on top of the tall structure. The invention also relates to a method of lifting up/down the lifting frame apparatus and to a method of lifting a load to an elevated region.
  • a lifting frame apparatus arranged to be mounted on top of a tower, the lifting frame apparatus comprising:
  • a lifting frame comprising:
  • cables for stabilising the lifting frame when in place on top of the tower, the cables being arranged to be tensioned and at least one cable being arranged on opposing sides of the tower and connected between the lifting frame and another point.
  • the proposed method offers a new solution for lifting heavy loads to an elevated region on any tall structure.
  • the proposed lifting frame apparatus is simple, and only a small lifting apparatus is required to lift the loads. It is actually a much smaller lifting apparatus than would otherwise be required to lift loads such as a nacelle and blades.
  • the installation of the lifting frame apparatus is quick, and a quick turnaround time can be achieved.
  • a method of installing a lifting frame on top of a tower comprising a lifting frame having a base and support means extending from the base to support a lifting platform elevated with respect to the base, the method comprising:
  • a lifting frame apparatus comprising a lifting frame having a base and support means extending from the base to support a lifting platform elevated with respect to the base, the method comprising:
  • a lifting frame in the elevated region comprising a base, and support means extending from the base to support a lifting platform elevated with respect to the base, and one or more sledge(s) with a load lifting apparatus being placed on the lifting platform, the method comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the wind turbine tower together with the loads to be lifted on the ground and the lifting frame apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • - Figure 2 is a top perspective view of the wind turbine tower and the lifting frame apparatus of Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the lifting frame apparatus
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the bottom part of the tower together with lifting beams connected to a nacelle and a rotor;
  • FIG. 5 shows in a perspective view a lifting stage of the nacelle
  • FIG. 6 shows in a perspective view the nacelle when assembled on top of the tower
  • FIG. 7 shows in a perspective view a lifting stage of the rotor
  • FIG. 8 shows in a perspective view the lifting frame apparatus of Figure 1 and the wind turbine in its fully assembled state.
  • Figure 1 shows in a perspective view a wind-turbine tower 1 on top of which is installed a lifting frame 3, made of steel for example.
  • the lifting frame is a cantilever frame in the sense that the frame extends beyond the footprint of the tower 1 .
  • the lifting frame can be lifted on to the top of the tower using a crane, possibly the same as the one used to erect the tower 1 .
  • the lifting frame can have specific lifting points to make the lifting easier.
  • the lifting frame 3 is mechanically secured to the top of the tower 1 at the base 5.
  • This arrangement will be incorporated into the temporary works shown in the axle 6 or similar in Figure 2 that runs through the diameter of the tower.
  • the connection could be different; it would have to clear in any event the lifting path for loads, e.g. the nacelle and blades, to be lifted and installed at the top of the tower 1 .
  • the lifting frame 3 could also be simply anchored on the sides of the tower, not necessarily on the diameter of the tower. In practice, the lifting frame 3 is secured in place so that a slight rotation of the frame around a horizontal axis may be possible.
  • the lifting frame 3 is also secured in place using two pairs of cables 7, called stay cables or guys, of which one end in each case is anchored at a first connection or anchoring point which can be at the base of the tower, e.g. on the ground, or somewhere on the tower, or somewhere else normally at substantially ground level so as to stabilise the frame 3 at the top, due to its own weight, but also during the erection of the nacelle and blades.
  • the other ends of the cables are anchored at the lifting frame 3 which is the second connection or anchoring point.
  • These pairs of cables also allow stabilizing the tower in place that in some cases is not stable until the nacelle has been installed.
  • the term "cable” is used here to refer to any strong, elongated element such as a rope, wire, strand or bundle of strands.
  • the cables may also be adjustable so that their tension, or their length measured between their two anchoring points, i.e. one at the lifting frame 3 on one side and at the other on the tower 1 , ground, or elsewhere at the other side, can be changed to compensate for the stretch of the cables or the geometry of the lifting frame 3 to maintain it substantially at a given slope, generally horizontal during the operations of pick-up, lifting and lowering of the load.
  • the adjustment of the cables makes it possible to maintain the lifting frame 3 in a substantially horizontal position even during the lifting of heavy loads.
  • the cables are substantially vertical; however, this does not have to be the case as long as they do not obstruct the lifting path of the loads to be lifted, as explained later.
  • One pair of the cables runs on one side of the tower, while the other pair runs on the opposing side of the tower.
  • the anchoring points of these different pairs of cables on the lifting platform are separated by a given distance in the direction which is substantially
  • the cables in each pair are laterally separated substantially by the width of the lifting frame. It would also be possible to design the lifting frame so that on one side of the tower the two legs of the cables extending between the frame and the other anchoring point form a single cable instead of two cables, i.e. a pair of cables. A solution is also not excluded in which only one leg of a cable extends between the frame and the other anchoring point, i.e. the lifting frame apparatus would comprise two cables in total in this case.
  • the lifting frame 3 has a platform 9 that is supported by struts 1 1 extending between the base 5 of the lifting frame 3 and the platform 9.
  • the platform 9 is elevated with respect to the base of the frame.
  • the distance between the platform 9 and the base 5 is big enough (given distance) so that the nacelle can be installed on top of the tower 1 below the platform 9.
  • the struts 1 1 are only connected between the base 5 and the platform 9 on the sides of the platform corresponding to the longitudinal direction of an opening 12 in the platform.
  • the lifting frame 3 comprises altogether four non-vertical struts, also called raking struts, and two substantially vertical struts.
  • the left side and the right side of the lifting frame 3 are not
  • the non-symmetry may be required in some constructions to make the installation of the blades possible, as explained later.
  • the lifting apparatus 15 could be, for example, either a winch or a strand lifting unit, such as a hydraulic jack. Should the lifting apparatus be a winch, then it could either be installed on the sledge 13 or at the bottom of the tower or at any other place, with an arrangement of sheaves at the lifting frame 3 and one the sledges 13 that would make the lifting possible.
  • two hydraulic jacks are used one on top of the other, connected to a coiler 17 for rapid lifting beam lowering and strand management.
  • the sledge is arranged to move over this opening 12 on rails 18 for example.
  • the sledge 13 could also be equipped with a longitudinal drive including e.g. chain and sprockets, strand jacks and/or capstan winch.
  • the lifting apparatus 15 is mounted on the sledge 13 that allows longitudinal movement, and possibly also some transverse movement for fine adjustment, to bring the wind-turbine elements into position, as explained later in more detail.
  • the opening 12 in the platform allows a lifting cable from the lifting apparatus 15 to be connected freely to the load to be lifted to allow the load to be mounted in place on top of the tower.
  • the sledge 13 also has an opening that allows the lifting cable to pass through it. Around the opening 12 there are provided working areas, to increase safety for instance.
  • the frame itself When installing the lifting frame 3 on top of the tower, the frame itself is first lifted up. As stated above, a relatively small ground crane is sufficient for this purpose. Very high heights can also be achieved with this crane, since the frame is a relatively light element. Then the lifting frame is mechanically secured in place on top of the tower 1 , and the cables 7 hanging from the lifting frame 3 are anchored at the ground level. Then the sledge 13 is brought up followed by the lifting apparatus 15. It will be understood that the stages described here can also be performed in reverse in order to lower the lifting frame 3 and the related equipment from the top of the tower. The term “lifting” is thus to be understood in the sense of either “lifting up” or “lifting down”.
  • the lifting frame 3 and the sledge 13 could also be lifted together should the crane capacity allow it.
  • the nacelle 19 and the rotor 21 are first brought to the base of the tower 1 , in this example one load on each side of the tower 1 .
  • the blades 23 and the hub 25 together are called the rotor 21 .
  • Both the nacelle 19 and the rotor 21 can be pre-assembled prior to the lifting operation.
  • Lifting beams 27 are also provided to assist in the lifting operation.
  • the nacelle 19 and the rotor 21 are each provided with a lifting beam 27.
  • the lifting beams are connected to the cables 7, and they are arranged to slide up/down the stay cables. The lifting beams preferably remain engaged with the cables 7 at least until the final height has been reached.
  • the lifting beam 27 is also connected to the lifting apparatus 15 by means of a lifting cable 29, which can be connected to the lifting beam by a hook, for instance. It is also possible to connect the lifting cable directly to the load to be lifted. In this case it may not be necessary to connect the lifting cable 29 to the lifting beam 27.
  • the lifting beams allow increasing considerably the "wind window" during which the lifting can be performed. Thanks to the lifting beam 27, wind speeds can be tolerated up to a nominated design value, for example 25 m/s, during the lifting of the loads. It is possible to develop the lifting beam 27 so that it can be adjusted under load. It could be, for instance, telescopic to allow for the movement of the load into final position while remaining engaged with the stay cables at all times.
  • the loads are then lifted to the top of the tower 1 .
  • the lifting could be done simultaneously, or one load after the other, the nacelle 19 first and the blades 23 afterwards. If the loads are lifted simultaneously, then two sledges 13, or possibly more, are needed, each having their own lifting apparatus 15. Some time could be saved by
  • the nacelle 19 is lifted first. Now the back cables, i.e. the cables on the left in Figure 4, may need to be adjusted, i.e. tensioned further to minimise the rotation of the lifting frame 3.
  • the lifting is stabilised by the lifting beam that is engaged with the cables 7.
  • the lifting speed can be variable and in this example reaches about 40 m/hour. However, the lifting speed could also be higher. In some applications the lifting speeds could reach about 100 m/hour.
  • the lifting beam 27 is disengaged from the cables 7, and the sledge 13 is moved longitudinally toward the opposite end of the platform 9, so that when the nacelle is right above the tower 1 (installation region), the nacelle 19 can be lowered to its place on top of the tower 1 , as shown in Figure 6..
  • the rotor is lifted. Before the lifting can start, it is made sure that the lifting beam 27 is fitted to the rotor and engaged with the cables 7.
  • the lifting cable 29 is also directly or indirectly connected to the rotor. As shown in Figure 7, the blades and the rotor hub are lifted as one piece while keeping the tail blade, i.e. the substantially vertical blade, connected to a ground crane during "tailing in".
  • the "tail in” crane When this blade is in its final orientation (i.e. vertical) the "tail in” crane is released and guy ropes from the ground to this blade tip assist in stabilising the blades for the final fit up.
  • the lifting beam may or may not be disengaged from the cables 7, and the rotor 21 can be slid backward to reach the installation region by moving the sledge 13, and fitted into the nacelle 19, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the hub and blades could either be erected by the dismantling crane and/or lifted in parts using a cantilever lifting beam and attachment frame. Blades would be fitted one by one in a vertical orientation. The hub would be rotated for each blade to align the socket to suit.
  • the lifting frame 3 can be taken down from the top of the tower 1 . This is done by first bringing down the lifting beams 27 and the sledge 13 together with the lifting apparatus 15. Then the cables 7 are loosened, and the lifting frame is taken down by the crane, possibly the same as the one used to bring the frame to the top of the tower. Should the crane capacity be sufficient, the lifting frame 3 and the sledges 13 possible with the lifting apparatus 15 could be lowered together in one operation after the cables 7 have been loosened.
  • the implementation described is given by way of example only, and the method and apparatus could be implemented in other ways.
  • the technique is described as lifting wind turbine parts to the top of a tower, but the method could also be used for lifting any large load(s) to an elevated region on any tall structure.
  • the tower may typically be a reinforced concrete structure, or may also be constructed of other materials such as metal or a composite material. While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive, the invention being not limited to the disclosed embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil formant cadre de levage conçu pour être suspendu sur une tour (1) afin d'élever des charges lourdes en haut de la tour (1). Ledit appareil formant cadre de levage comprend un cadre de levage (3), comprenant : a) des moyens de fixation pour fixer mécaniquement la base (5) du cadre de levage (3) à la partie supérieure de la tour (1) ; et (b) une plate-forme de levage pour loger un appareil de levage de charge (15), ladite plate-forme de levage (9) étant surélevée par rapport à la base (5) et supportée par des moyens de support (11). Ledit appareil formant cadre de levage comprend en outre des câbles (7) pour stabiliser le cadre de levage (3) mis en place en haut de la tour (1), lesdits câbles (7) étant conçus pour être tendus et au moins un câble (7) étant conçu pour être relié entre le cadre de levage (3) et un autre point sur des côtés opposés de la tour (1).
PCT/EP2012/074160 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Cadre de levage Ceased WO2014082684A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/074160 WO2014082684A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Cadre de levage

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/074160 WO2014082684A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Cadre de levage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014082684A1 true WO2014082684A1 (fr) 2014-06-05

Family

ID=47428592

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/074160 Ceased WO2014082684A1 (fr) 2012-11-30 2012-11-30 Cadre de levage

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014082684A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110410277A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-05 戚永维 一种风力发电机塔架及其安装方法
CN111425356A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-17 青岛嘉恒新能源设备有限公司 一种风力发电机塔筒拼接装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1376911A (en) * 1919-07-21 1921-05-03 Abram Ira Means for building concrete structures
US6868646B1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2005-03-22 Valmont Industries, Inc. Method and means for erecting a wind energy tower
US20070151194A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Tracy Livingston Lifting system and apparatus for constructing wind turbine towers
WO2007096008A1 (fr) * 2006-02-27 2007-08-30 Ecotecnia Energias Renovables, S.L. Procede et systeme pour lever des pieces lourdes vers une turbine a vent
US20100281819A1 (en) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-11 Thompson Bradley D Slip Formed Concrete Wind Turbine Tower

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1376911A (en) * 1919-07-21 1921-05-03 Abram Ira Means for building concrete structures
US6868646B1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2005-03-22 Valmont Industries, Inc. Method and means for erecting a wind energy tower
US20070151194A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Tracy Livingston Lifting system and apparatus for constructing wind turbine towers
WO2007096008A1 (fr) * 2006-02-27 2007-08-30 Ecotecnia Energias Renovables, S.L. Procede et systeme pour lever des pieces lourdes vers une turbine a vent
US20100281819A1 (en) * 2009-05-05 2010-11-11 Thompson Bradley D Slip Formed Concrete Wind Turbine Tower

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110410277A (zh) * 2019-08-09 2019-11-05 戚永维 一种风力发电机塔架及其安装方法
CN110410277B (zh) * 2019-08-09 2023-11-24 戚永维 一种风力发电机塔架及其安装方法
CN111425356A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-17 青岛嘉恒新能源设备有限公司 一种风力发电机塔筒拼接装置

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