WO2014081160A1 - Solar tracker, and method for operating same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar tracker and to a method for operating same, capable of controlling the azimuth and elevation in accordance with the changing position of the sun in the celestial sphere by the diurnal motion and annual motion so as to enable solar energy collection apparatuses to track the travel of the sun for a long period of time. The solar tracker according to the present invention is provided with two rotating shafts which are responsible for the right ascension and declination, respectively, wherein the movements of the rotating shafts are not independent from each other. One rotating shaft moves in dependence on the other rotating shaft, wherein the dependent relationship is mechanically constrained according to the correlation between the diurnal motion and annual motion of the sun. As a result, the tracker of the present invention can track the diurnal motion of the sun with a single actuator and, at the same time, compensate the annual motion which changes in the meridian altitude according to the change of seasons. The solar tracker and the method for operating same in accordance with the present invention, enables the tracking of the diurnal motion and annual motion of the sun using one actuator, thereby maximizing solar power generation efficiency and reducing initial installation costs and maintenance costs.

Description

Solar tracking device and its operation method

The present invention relates to a solar tracking device, and more particularly, to adjust the azimuth and altitude according to the position change of the sun by the circumference movement and the playing movement so that the solar energy collector can track the path of the sun moving on the celestial sphere for a long time The present invention relates to a solar tracking device and a method of operating the same.

The solar tracking device aims to adjust the altitude and the azimuth angle by adjusting each rotation axis of the mechanism part so that the light collecting device is positioned vertically toward the sun to maintain optimum efficiency. The solar tracking device can be classified into one degree of freedom solar tracking device or two degrees of freedom solar tracking device according to the degree of freedom of the mechanism part. Since the degree of freedom of the mechanism is usually the same as the number of rotational axes used in the solar tracking device, rather than using the term "freedom", it is simply referred to as one-axis system or two-axis system.

Looking at the solar tracking device according to the prior art, in the case of the 1-axis system to first consider the sun's circumferential movement to rotate each other in the east every day to follow the sun, and to manually correct for the mid-high altitude of the sun that changes throughout the year have. This manual adjustment method is not only inconvenient, but even if the quarterly correction is performed four times a year, the maximum tracking error that can occur is about 23.5 degrees as the tilt of the earth's axis. When comparing the maximum error angle generated by the sun's playing movement from the perspective of tracking the sun's diurnal motion, the sun tracking device rotates from east to west daily to track the sun's diurnal movement for about 1 hour and 30 minutes. It is larger than the error caused by stopping and not tracking.

In the case of the 2-axis system, the error of the tracking device can be drastically reduced because it automatically adjusts the change of the southern middle altitude according to the movement of the sun as well as the circumference of the sun. However, additional driver and controllers are required, which not only increases the initial facility cost, but also require the power consumption and cost of maintaining additional drivers and controllers, resulting in improved power generation efficiency over the added costs. It must be able to be used as a economically meaningful solar tracker if it can be kept larger. In reality, it is not easy to implement an economical two-axis system with reliable operation given the added initial cost and the maintenance cost due to frequent failures.

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, but by installing two rotary shafts to respectively handle the right ascension and declination, the rotary shafts are not independent of each other movement, one rotary shaft mechanically restrains the other rotary shaft By having a dependent movement along the correlation between the circumference of the sun and the movement of movement of the sun, as a result, not only the movement of the circumference of the sun is changed by the single actuator, but also the movement of the south middle altitude changes according to the season. It is an object of the present invention to provide a solar tracking device and a method of operating the same.

A solar tracking device according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the right ascension rotation axis is installed in parallel with the Earth's rotation axis to track the change in the right ascension according to the circumferential motion of the sun; A right ascension rotation driving device for driving the right ascension rotation shaft; A declination axis of rotation perpendicular to the right ascension axis of rotation and correcting a change in declination according to the playing motion of the sun; And a declination driving mechanism unit configured to transfer a part of the driving force of the RA rotating device to the declination rotating shaft to reciprocate. It consists of.

In the declination drive mechanism portion, it may include additional components described below in order to enhance the effect.

By transmitting the unidirectional rotational component of the driving force generated in the RA rotation, the RA rotation axis to selectively transmit only the rotational amount to track the sun's circumference movement to the declination rotation axis, the declination from the RA rotation device It can be configured to include a one-way clutch installed at a point of the power transmission path to the rotation axis.

By adjusting the period in which the declination rotating shaft reciprocates once and up and down, from the right ascension rotation driving device so that the reciprocating rotation cycle of the declination rotating shaft can be precisely matched with the period in which the right ascension rotating shaft tracks about 365 round trips. It may be configured to include a reduction ratio adjustment device installed at a point of the power transmission path to the declination rotation axis.

By selectively connecting or releasing the restraint relationship between the right ascension rotation shaft and the declination rotation shaft, the power transmission path from the right ascension rotation driving device to the declination rotation shaft can be adjusted independently without affecting the right ascension rotation shaft. It can be configured to include a coupling installed at one point of the.

In the declination drive mechanism, the declination rotation axis reciprocates with a displacement equal to the inclination of the earth's axis while the RA axis tracks about the 365th movement, reflecting the correlation between the circumference of the sun and the play movement. The mechanical part shall be designed to have As one method for realizing this, the declination reducer for receiving a part of the driving force of the RA rotational device and outputs by changing the rotation ratio; A crank attached to an output shaft of the deceleration reducer; A rocker fixed to the declination rotating shaft and reciprocating up and down by the inclination of the earth's rotation axis according to the change of the declination by the sun's playing motion; A connecting rod connecting one end of the crank and one end of the rocker to form a trimming link and converting the rotational movement of the crank into a reciprocating motion of the rocker up and down; The declination drive mechanism can be configured.

In the method for configuring the declination drive mechanism using the four-section link, if provided with a means for adjusting the position or link length of the joint of the crank or the rocker or the connecting rod, the reciprocating rotation up and down the declination axis of rotation The displacement of the movement and the speed of each section can be changed.

In addition, in order to check whether the solar tracking device tracks the playing movement well, a declination display device for converting the rotational amount of the declination rotation axis into an angle or a season display device for converting the rotational amount into a season in the year It can be configured to include a solar tracking device.

Using the solar tracking device according to the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously track the circumference movement and the play movement of the sun through one driver. This has the effect of maximizing the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation and at the same time reducing the initial equipment cost and maintenance costs.

1 is a preferred embodiment of a solar tracking device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the diurnal motion of the sun at the vernal equinox observed at a point in the northern hemisphere;

3 is the change of the south mid-altitude of the sun during the vernal equinox according to the observation point of the northern hemisphere;

4 is the change in the southern mid-altitude and diurnal movement of the sun according to the seasons observed at a point in the northern hemisphere;

5 is the change of the south middle altitude according to latitude and seasons;

Figure 6 is the declination of the sun changes along the ecliptic in the equatorial coordinate system and the operating principle of the solar tracking device according to the present invention;

7 is an embodiment of the pedestal and the column according to the present invention can adjust the altitude and azimuth of the RA rotation axis;

8 shows a solar tracking device according to the present invention, a preferred embodiment constituting a frame and a two degree of freedom equivalent mechanism;

9 is a solar tracking device according to the present invention, an embodiment using a weight balance to evenly distribute the load of the rotating shaft;

10 is a preferred embodiment constituting the right ascension rotation driving apparatus of the solar tracking device according to the present invention;

11 is a preferred embodiment constituting the declination drive mechanism portion of the solar tracking device according to the present invention;

12 is a change in the angle of the light collecting device cradle according to the season by the declination drive mechanism of the solar tracking device according to the present invention;

13 is an embodiment of the declination drive mechanism of the present invention comprising a coupling or a one-way clutch or a reduction ratio adjusting device;

Figure 14 is a solar tracking device of the present invention, the operation of the day and night according to the season;

15 is a view illustrating a solar tracking device of the present invention, including a season display device, a declination display device, or a right ascension display device;

16 is a flow chart of a method of operating a solar tracking device with four operational steps in accordance with the present invention;

17 is a flowchart illustrating a method of operating a solar tracking device in an operation step of seven according to the present invention.

Before explaining the basic implementation method of the solar tracking device 1000 provided in the present invention and various embodiments thereof modified, first, the correlation between the circumference movement and the play movement of the sun a01 will be described. The symbols used in the detailed description below are defined as follows.

1000: solar tracking device 100: RA rotating shaft

200: RA rotation drive device 210: actuator

220: right ascension reducer 300: declination rotating shaft

400: declination drive mechanism 410: declination reducer

420: reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism 421: crank

422: rocker 423: connecting rod

424: joint position and link length adjusting means 430: coupling

440: gear ratio control device 450: one-way clutch

460: declination display device 470: season display device

480: RA display device 500: frame

510: pedestal 520: pillar

530: right ascension rotation support 540: declination rotation support

550: condenser mounting stage 560: weight balance

600: condenser

a01: the sun a02: the earth

a03: solar rays a04: the sun's motion path

a05: tilt of the Earth's axis (about 23.5 degrees) a10: equatorial coordinate system

a11: right ascension a12: declination

a13: India sheet a15: celestial pole

a16: celestial antarctic a17: equatorial plane

a18: zodiacal a19: celestial sphere

a20: horizontal coordinate system a21: azimuth

a22: altitude a23: south middle altitude

a24: meridian a25: south

a26: north a27: east

a28: bookstore a29: horizon

a30: earth coordinate system a31: longitude

a32: latitude a33: latitude

a34: Earth's rotation axis a35: Arctic

a36: antarctica a37: equator

a40: seasons a41: vernal equinox (seasons)

a42: summer (season) a43: autumn (season)

a44: winter solstice (season) a45: vernal equinox (heavenly position)

a46: lower point (position in the celestial sphere) a47: autumnal point (position in the celestial sphere)

a48: location of the celestial sphere

a51: earth rotation movement a52: earth rotation movement

a53: sun movement a54: celestial circle movement

a55: rotational movement of the RA shaft to track the circumference

a56: reciprocating rotational movement of the declination axis to compensate for the playing movement

L0: Base link L1: First link

L2: 2nd link J1: 1st joint

J2: Joint

The changes in the azimuth a21 and altitude a22 of the sun a01 observed along the horizon coordinate a20 are due to the rotational and revolving motions of the earth a02. As shown in FIG. 2, when looking at the circumferential motion of the celestial sun a01 observed from the horizon a29, if the earth a02 rotates once during the day, the sun is in the horizon a29. As the azimuth (a21) of (a01) changes from east to east, the altitude (a22) gradually rises to its peak at lunchtime and then decreases gradually, disappearing below the horizon (a29) in the evening and turning the other side of the earth (a02) again to the east You will experience the rising circle movement. At this time, the angle at which the sun a01 passes through the meridian a24 and the altitude a22 rises to the highest point based on the south point a25 is called the south middle altitude a23.

As shown in Fig. 3, the sunlight a03 is incident almost in parallel at any point of the earth a02, which means that the distance between the sun a01 and the earth a02 is smaller than the diameter of the earth a02. Because it is far away. Parallel incident incident sunlight a03 is observed at different angles at each point on the earth a02. At a location close to the equator a37, the altitude a22 of the sun a01 observed is a high path passing near the ceiling. However, as the latitude a32 increases, the altitude a22 of the observed sun a01 decreases. As a result, the sun (a01) observed at the poles (a35 and a36) travels along a low path near the horizon. As such, the south mid-altitude (a23) will depend on the latitude (a32) of the observation point, and in the case of the southern hemisphere, as the diurnal path of the sun (a04) passes through the north sky rather than the south sky, as opposed to the northern hemisphere, When observing the south middle altitude (a23) based on (a25), it is preferable to use the north middle altitude based on the north point (a26) because the value exceeds 90 degrees after the ceiling. After that, unless otherwise specified, the northern hemisphere is described as a reference, and in the case of the southern hemisphere, the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention can be used in the same manner by applying a corresponding observation value.

As such, the diurnal motion of the sun (a01) depends on the latitude (a32) of the observation point, and the south middle altitude (a23) is 90 degrees minus the latitude (a32) of the observation point, that is, based on the latitude (a33). Will change. At this time, the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) observed from the earth (a02) will vary depending on not only the latitude (a32) of the observation site, but also where the earth (a02) is located on the orbit. This occurs because the earth axis a34 is inclined about 23.5 degrees with respect to the axis of revolution. The inclination angle of the earth axis a34 remains unchanged, but the earth a02 revolves around the sun a01. Depending on where it is located, the direction of inclination relative to the sun a01 changes, and as a result, it affects the south middle altitude a23 of the sun a01 observed at the earth a02 at each observation point.

4 illustrates the correlation between the relative direction of the inclination of the earth's axis a34 and the south middle altitude a23 in the orbital motion of the earth a02 through an example of one region of the northern hemisphere. In one illustrated region of the Northern Hemisphere, when the Earth's axis of rotation a34 is inclined so that the Northern Hemisphere faces the sun a01, the path of the diurnal movement of the sun a01 increases and the southern mid-altitude a23 rises. Thus, the density of solar energy reached per unit area of the horizon increases. In this way, the temperature is kept high around the lower ground (a42) where the south middle altitude (a23) is the maximum, and in the illustrated region, this period is classified as summer by season. On the contrary, in the orbital period of the earth a02, when the earth axis a34 is inclined in a direction in which the northern hemisphere is less exposed to the sun a01, the south middle altitude a23 is lowered. The temperature of the region is kept low before and after the winter solstice (a44) where the southern middle altitude (a23) becomes the lowest, and this period is classified as winter season.

In FIG. 4, the sun's circumferential motion path a04 changes according to the season, but each path a04 is generated along the circumference of the disk perpendicular to the Earth's axis a34 on the celestial sphere a19, and each path ( Note that the plates containing a04) are parallel to each other. At the vernal equinox (a41) or the autumn equinox (a43), the sun's circumferential path (a04) is created along the equator plane (a17) on the celestial sphere (a19). The time to stay in the sky is half the day until the sun (a01) rises exactly from the east and disappears to the west. For the lower leg (a42), the path exposed above the horizon (a29) is longer in the disk perpendicular to the Earth's axis of rotation (a34), and the time to stay in the sky until the sun (a01) rises in the northeast and disappears northwest is more than 12 hours. Becomes For winter sol (a44), the path exposed above the horizon (a29) is shorter in the disk perpendicular to the Earth's axis (a34), and the time to stay in the sky when the sun (a01) rises from the southeast and disappears southwest is less than 12 hours. do. The higher the latitude a32, that is, the lower the latitude a33, the greater the influence, for example in the Arctic region where the latitude a33 is lower than the tilt of the global axis a05. The direction of (a34) is close to the vertical of the horizontal plane (a29), and the circumferential motion path a04 of the sun is close to the circumferential motion along the horizon. In the lower leg (a42), the sun (a01) does not disappear from the sky, but a polar day phenomenon occurs around the horizon all day, and in the winter sol (a44) the sun (a01) rotates below the ground, There is a continuous polar night.

Figure 5 shows the change of the south middle altitude (a23) according to the playing movement of the sun (a01). The change is the same no matter where you are on the Earth, but changes based on different reference values depending on the latitude (a32) of each observation point. Starting at the vernal equinox (a41), the southern middle altitude (a23) rises, reaches the highest point in the lower limb (a42), and then gradually decreases, and then returns to the southern mid-altitude (a23), such as the vernal equinox (a41). It continues to decrease, reaching the lowest point in winter sol a44. After the increase again to the vernal equinox (a41) is to restore the original south middle altitude (a23). The change in the south middle altitude a23 according to the season a40 is the same as the change period and the displacement even if the reference value varies depending on the observation site. The period of change of the southern middle altitude (a23) is about 365 days when the earth (a02) orbits around the sun (a01), more precisely about 365.24219 days based on the solar time (solar time). In the displacement of the south middle altitude a23 change, the maximum displacement occurring in the lower leg a42 and the winter sol a44 is equal to the inclination a05 of the earth's rotation axis, respectively. That is, if the earth (a02) rotates around the sun (a01) during the year, the movement of the sun (a01) observed from the earth (a02) occurs about 365 times, and the earth (a02) The south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) observed in the) changes little by little every day, and becomes a period of playing movement that returns to the original south middle altitude (a23) through the highest and lowest points according to the season (a40). At this time, the difference between the highest point and the lowest point from the reference value is about 23.5 degrees, which is equal to the tilt of the earth's axis (a05). The change in the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) at each observation point is expressed as follows.

Equation 1

For example, an observation point located at the equator (a36) varies from 90 degrees to as low as 66.5 degrees to as high as 113.5 degrees, depending on the season at 90 degrees minus 0 degrees, which is latitude (a32) of the equator (a36). . As another example, when the position is located in the north pole (a35), it changes from the highest 23.5 degrees to the lowest -23.5 degrees based on 0 degrees minus 90 degrees, the latitude (a32) of the north pole (a35). That is, staying on the horizon in the spring and autumn, the sun (a01) is located below the surface during the six months passing through the winter, a polar night phenomenon that can not observe the sun (a01) occurs.

In terms of academic latitude (a32), there are various ways of expressing latitude (a32), such as geodetic latitude, geocentric latitude, and geographic latitude. Even when using geodetic latitude represented by simplifying the ellipsoid of (a02) into a sphere, the error is not large. In addition, Equation 1 uses latitude (a32), which is commonly used in geographical coordinates, but when using a mathematical spherical coordinate system, it is described using latitude (a33) rather than latitude (a32). It is preferable. That is, when using the spherical coordinate system used in mathematics, Equation 1 is expressed as follows.

Equation 2

The change caused by the playing motion of the sun a01 included in Equations 1 and 2 is represented by a periodic function similar to the trigonometric function, as shown in FIG. 5. At the vernal equinox (a41), it passes the standard elevation corresponding to the observation latitude (a33) and monotonically increases to have a maximum value at the lower limb (a42). The maximum displacement is equal to the slope of the earth's axis (a05). After the monotony decreases, the weight is returned to the original reference altitude at the abutment (a43) and is inverted to have a minimum value at the winter sol (a44). The angular displacement is roughly equal to the inclination (a05) of the Earth's rotation axis. Afterwards, the middle altitude a23 increases again and returns to its original altitude at the vernal equinox a41. Expressing the playing movement of the sun a01 by a trigonometric function is as follows.

Equation 3

Substituting this into Equation 2, the change in the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) according to the playing motion based on the trigonometric function finally derived can be formulated as follows.

Equation 4

Equation 4 is an approximation of macroscopic change, and should include various variables in order to display more accurate change. For example, the influence of the difference between the orbital velocity and the near point generated by the orbit of the earth a02 is an ellipse rather than an exact circle. Considering the error of the mechanical elements included in the general solar tracking device 1000, the factors influencing the minute can be ignored from an engineering point of view.

On the other hand, in describing the positions of celestial bodies including the sun a01, the equator described through the right ascension a11 and the declination a12 rather than using the horizontal coordinate system a20 based on the azimuth angle a21 and the altitude a22. It is easy to use the coordinate system a10. Compared to the orbit of Earth (a02), astronomical objects, such as stars and galaxies, are generally hundreds of times more distant. Therefore, the general position of the celestial body is hardly influenced by the orbit of the earth a02, and therefore, when the equatorial coordinate system a10 is used, it is represented as a fixed point on the celestial sphere a19. Since the sun a01 and the planets of the solar system are relatively close in distance to the orbit of the earth a02, the position on the celestial sphere a19 changes. As shown in FIG. 6, in the case of the sun a01, along the ecliptic a18 inclined by the inclination a05 of the Earth's axis from the equator a16 on the celestial sphere a19 according to the orbit of the earth a02. Will move.

In order to help the understanding of the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention, a brief description of the equipment used in the field of astronomical research. Most astronomical equipment that observes stars, galaxies, or nebulae employs the equatorial coordinate system (a10) to make it easier to keep track of the celestial body. The equatorial coordinate system a10 is a method of the celestial coordinate system. As shown in FIG. 6, the equatorial coordinate system a10 assumes a huge sphere fixed in the universe surrounding the earth a02 and is called the celestial sphere a19. The location of fixed objects is defined through spherical coordinates. The equatorial coordinate system (a10) is a right ascension (a11) measured from the west to the east at the vernal equinox (a45) where the equatorial plane (a17) of the celestial sphere (a19) and the ecliptic (a18) meet, and the equator plane (a19) of the celestial sphere (a19). It is a method of expressing the position on the celestial sphere a19 through the declination a12 which measured the angle in the direction of the axial axis a13 which extended the earth rotation axis a34 to the celestial sphere a19 from a17). When observing celestial bodies such as galaxies and constellations, the azimuth angle (a21) and altitude (a22) are different depending on the observation point when the horizon coordinate system (a20) is used. Right ascension a11 and declination a12 are represented by fixed values. Therefore, in the field of astronomy, astronomical maps based on right ascension (a11) and declination (a12) are widely used, and observers install astronomical telescopes at the equatorial mount, and determine right ascension (a11) and declination (a12). By adjusting, the object can be easily found within the field of view of the telescope.

Earth (a02) makes one revolution each day in the fixed celestial sphere (a19). In the eyes of the observer on the earth (a02), the constellations on the celestial sphere (a19) seem to rotate little by little in the east over time, which is called the circumferential movement of the celestial body. The rotation speed coincides with the rotation speed of the earth (a02), and the circular motion is performed at an angular velocity of about 15 degrees per hour. Therefore, even if one constellation is found in the wide night sky, it gradually flows westward, and the effect becomes more severe when observing an enlarged area through astronomical telescope. Even if you have the object you want to observe in view, if you don't move the telescopes from east to west, they will soon disappear. In the case of a general telescope that adjusts the azimuth angle (a21) and the altitude (a22), the two axes of rotation must be adjusted at the same time to track the celestial body moving around. However, in the case of a telescope using an equatorial mount, if the fixed declination (a12) axis of rotation is fixed and only the right axis of rotation (a11) is rotated little by little, as shown in FIG. It is very convenient to observe.

When observing the sun (a01), unlike other objects, the position is slightly changed on the celestial sphere (a19), and gradually moves along the ecliptic (a18) to rotate the celestial sphere (a19) once a year. Since the speed at which the sun a01 rotates the celestial sphere a19 is less than about 1 degree per day, its effect can be neglected for short time observation. That is, when observing the sun a01, it is possible to observe the change of the declination a12 while ignoring the change in the declination a12, fixing the declination a12 rotation axis, and turning only the right axis of rotation a11. However, in the case of observing the sun a01 for a long period of time, errors accumulate as the days go by, so it is necessary to eliminate this. In other words, the change of the declination a12 of the sun a01 cannot be ignored, and the rotational axis of the right ascension a11 should not only cancel the circumferential movement, but at the same time, the play movement should be offset while the declination a12 rotation axis is turned. . The change in the declination a12 of the sun a01 due to the playing movement occurs as it moves along the tilted ecliptic a18 on the celestial sphere a19, which coincides with the change in the south middle altitude (a23) described by Equation 3. .

An embodiment of the solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1. The solar tracking device 1000 provided in the present invention not only tracks the change in the right ascension a11 of the sun a01 according to the diurnal movement, but also changes the declination a12 of the sun a01 due to the playing movement. It is designed specifically to solve the error of declination (a12) accumulated over a long period of time by automatically correcting. The solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention has the right ascension rotation axis 100 in consideration of the correlation between the right ascension a11 and the declination a12 of the sun a01 moving along the ecliptic a18 on the celestial sphere a19. And by having a declination drive mechanism 400 that can mechanically restrain the declination rotation shaft 300, by rotating the right ascension rotation shaft 100 through the right ascension driving device 200, as well as tracking the circumferential movement of the sun, By transmitting a part of the rotational force of the right ascension driving device 200 to the declination rotating shaft 300, it characterized in that it automatically compensates for the change in the declination a12 of the sun a01.

Essential components for the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention is composed of a right ascension rotation shaft 100, a right ascension rotation driving device 200, the declination rotation shaft 300, the declination drive mechanism 400, each part It will be described in detail by way of detail, and will be described in detail how to increase the convenience of the present invention through additional components.

1 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The main mechanism connected from the ground to the solar light collecting device 600 is as follows. Fixing the pedestal 510 to the ground, and after connecting the pillars 520, the right ascension rotation support 530 is installed at an end inclined at an appropriate angle. The right ascension rotation support 530 is installed on the right ascension rotation support 530 to connect the declination rotation support 540 to allow free rotation. The declination rotating support 540 and the light collecting device holder 550 are installed to be freely rotated through the declination rotating shaft 300, and finally, the light collecting device 600 is attached to the light collecting device holder 550. It is provided with a right ascension rotation drive device 200 for driving the right ascension rotation shaft 100, and installs the declination drive mechanism 400 for transmitting a portion of the driving force of the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300.

The preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is mechanically equivalent to a two-degree-of-freedom two-stage link, which is illustrated in FIG. 8 (b). That is, the pedestal 510, the pillar 520, and the right ascension rotation support forms a base link L0 as one rigid body connected to the ground, and the declination rotation support 540 forms the first link L1, and the light collecting device The cradle 550 serves as a second link (L2), the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300, respectively, the first joint connecting the base link (L0) and the first link (L1) ( It operates as a second joint J2 connecting J1), first link L1, and second link L2. In this way, the mechanical form of the solar tracking device of the present invention adopts a two degree of freedom mechanism, and in practice, the first joint J1 and the second joint J2 do not independently move, but depend on the restraint relationship. Strictly, one freedom should be defined as a device. Hereinafter, the installation and connection method of each component constituting the links (L0, L1, L2) and the joints (J1, J2) mentioned above, and then continue to correspond to each joint (J1, J2) It will be described in detail how to drive dependently the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300.

Frame 500 according to the present invention, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is installed in parallel with the Earth's rotation axis (a34), the declination rotation axis 300 is installed perpendicular to the right ascension rotation axis 100, the two rotation shafts It aims to be firmly supported so as to move smoothly in a predetermined direction. As one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame 500 is composed of a pedestal 510, a pillar 512, a right ascension rotation support 530, a declination rotation support 540, and a condensing equipment support 550, a pedestal The 510 and the pillar 520 are provided with means for adjusting the azimuth a21 and the altitude a22 so that the RA rotation axis 100 can be installed in parallel with the earth rotation axis a34. For example, an embodiment using one pillar 520 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7A. After installing the pedestal 510 grounded on the ground and processed with several screw holes on the surface, the pedestal 510 is fixed to the ground, and the pillars 520 are erected on the pedestal 510 fixed to the ground. At this time, if the azimuth angle a21 can be changed by fastening the bolts along the side screw holes of the pedestal 510 so that the pillar 520 faces the north, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is later parallel to the earth axis a34. Easy to adjust

The right ascension rotation support 530 is installed on the pillar 520 to fix the right ascension rotation shaft 100. At this time, to provide a means for adjusting the altitude a22 of the eligible rotary shaft 100 according to the latitude a32 of the installation site. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the right ascension rotation support according to the latitude a32 of the place where the pillar 520 and the right ascension rotation support 530 are rotated, and a screw hole is made in the flange for installation. 513 is fixed to the pillar 520 with an appropriately inclined sieve. As a result, by adjusting the rotation direction of the pillar 520 fixed to the pedestal 510 and the inclination of the right ascension rotation support 530, as shown in Figure 6, according to the latitude (a32) of the installation place, the earth rotating shaft ( The direction of a34) and the direction of right ascension rotation shaft 100 were made parallel.

As in still another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7B, the frame 500 may be configured by using two pillars 520. Two pillars 520a and 520b are erected on the pedestal 510 and connected to both ends of the RA shaft 100 at the ends of the pillars 520a and 520b. As a method of adjusting the azimuth angle a21 of the right ascension rotation shaft 100, the two pillars 520a and 520b are adjusted to be precisely facing north and south while moving the pillars 520a or 520b in the east-west direction. As a method of adjusting the altitude a22 of the right ascension rotation shaft 100, the height of the column 520a or 520b is adjusted to appropriately change the angle formed between the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the ground. In the northern hemisphere, the north pole 520b is installed higher than the south pole 520a according to the latitude a32. In the case of the southern hemisphere, the north side is low and the south side is fixed high. At this time, bending may occur in the RA rotating shaft 100 while changing the height of the pillar 520a or 520b. When the pillar 520 is rotatable in the deflection direction of the shaft, the deformation due to the bending may be eliminated. have.

The pedestal 510 and the pillar 520 of the present invention are implemented by various modifications to adjust the azimuth a21 and the altitude a22 of the RA shaft 100 as well as some embodiments described above. can do.

The right ascension rotation shaft 100 according to the present invention is installed in parallel with the earth's rotation axis a34, and rotates in the opposite direction by the same angular speed of the earth's rotation, thereby canceling the circumference movement of the sun a01 according to the earth's rotation, and daily It aims to track the position of the sun (a01) from east to west. The declination rotation shaft 300 according to the present invention is installed perpendicular to the right ascension rotation shaft 100, positioned parallel to the equator plane a17 of the celestial sphere, and reciprocating up and down by the inclination a05 of the earth's rotation axis about 365 days. To compensate for the change in the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01), which changes as shown in Equation 4 according to the season (a40), and offset the playing movement of the sun (a01) according to the earth revolution.

As shown in FIG. 8, at the end of the RA rotating support 530 fixed to the ground through the pedestal 510 and the pillar 520, the RA rotating shaft 100 is installed and the declination rotating support 540 rotates freely. To connect. In the declination rotation support 540, after the declination rotation shaft 300 is installed to be perpendicular to the right ascension rotation shaft 100, the declination rotation support 540 and the light collecting device holder 550 through the declination rotation shaft 300. Connect it. When the declination support 540 is rotated along the declination rotation shaft 300, the right angle of view of the right ascension a11 facing the installed solar light collecting device 600 changes only the declination a12 angle. In addition, when the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is installed in parallel with the Earth's rotation axis a34, even if the declination rotation support 540 is rotated along the right ascension rotation shaft 100, the light concentrator mounting base 550 and the light concentrating device are installed. 600 is also rotated along, but only the right ascension a11 angle changes independently, the declination a12 angle does not change. As such, when the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is installed to coincide with the earth's rotation axis a34 according to the place where the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention is installed, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 are installed vertically. By adjusting each, the right ascension a11 and the declination a12 coordinates on the celestial sphere a19 to which the attached light collecting device 600 is directed can be adjusted independently, and can be freely adjusted in all directions on the celestial sphere. 6 is a preferred embodiment in which the right ascension rotation shaft 100 of the present invention is installed in parallel with the earth rotation axis a34, and rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the earth a02, thereby fixing the position fixed on the celestial sphere a19 for a long time. Show how it works.

The balance weight 560 according to the present invention aims to balance the load transmitted to the right ascension rotation shaft 100 or the declination rotation shaft 300 to drive the device with the same rotational force at any angle. The balance weight 560 is not essential in implementing the functionality of the present invention, but helps to increase the efficiency of the device.

In an embodiment of the present invention, according to the shape and weight of the position rotation support 540, the light collecting device support 550, the solar light collecting device 600, and the various components attached thereto, the RA rotating shaft 100 and declination The load added to the rotating shaft 200 will be different. If the weight of these components is not properly distributed around each axis of rotation, there may be a problem that the required driving force is changed as the angle of the axis of rotation changes. In other words, it is easily rotated in one direction but requires a large driving force to move in the opposite direction, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the actuator used.

Therefore, the weight should be well distributed along each axis of rotation so that it is well balanced without tilting to one side, so that the axis of rotation can be driven smoothly with the same torque at any angle. In the solar tracking device 1000, since the weight of the solar light collecting device 600 generally occupies a large specific gravity, it becomes difficult to achieve structural balance. At this time, as shown in Figure 9, by balancing the counterweight (counter balancing weight) to form a counter-balance on the opposite side of the heavy mass, smooth rotation in each direction of the rotation axis is possible. Attach the right ascension balance weight 561 so as to distribute the weight on both sides of the right ascension rotation shaft 100, and if necessary, to the right position to distribute the weight on both sides of the declination rotation shaft 300 as necessary. Attach the declination balance weight 562 of the appropriate weight. If the mechanism is well balanced with respect to the rotation center of each rotation shaft, the same torque is applied at any angle, so that it can be rotated smoothly with little power.

In order to implement the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention, a method of configuring a mechanism part of two degrees of freedom through the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 has been described. Hereinafter, a method of driving each rotating shaft and, in particular, a method of operating the entire mechanism in one degree of freedom by constraining two rotating shafts will be described in detail.

Right ascension rotation drive device 200 according to the present invention, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 moves at an angular speed of 15 degrees per hour corresponding to the rotational speed of the earth (a02) the sun (a01) moving in each other in the same day on the celestial sphere (a19) every day The purpose is to provide a rotational force to track the circumference of the.

One preferred embodiment of the RA rotation apparatus 200 according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 10. Right ascension rotation drive device 200 is composed of an actuator 210 and a right ascension reducer 220, a rotary actuator 210 is installed on the declination support 450, the right ascension reducer 220 is mounted on the actuator 210. It consists of a right ascension deceleration reduction gear 221, a right ascension worm gear 222 and a right ascension worm wheel 223. Rotation force generated from the actuator 210 is amplified through the RA right angle reducer 221 to drive the RA right worm gear 222, while engaging the RA right worm wheel 223 fixed to the RA right support 530, declination support 540 By driving to rotate along the right ascension rotation shaft 100. In one embodiment shown in FIG. 10, since the actuator 210 is fixed to the declination support 540 so as to easily implement the declination drive mechanism 400 described later, the actuator 210 is declination rotated. It rotates with the support 540. If necessary, the actuator 210 and the right ascension worm gear 222 may be installed on the right ascension rotation support 530, and the right ascension worm wheel 223 may be fixed to the declination rotation support 540 to prevent the actuator from moving. .

Right ascension rotation drive device 200 to rotate the right ascension rotation axis 100 from east to west every day, the rotational speed can maintain an angular speed of about 15 degrees per hour, that is, the rotational speed of the earth (a02) In addition to being able to be present, it must be capable of outputting a torque to provide sufficient acceleration to allow for quick maneuvering. The actuator 210 may utilize a variety of rotary actuators 210, and it is also possible to use the linear actuator 210 in combination with a suitable transducer such as a crank-slider. In the case of using a general electric motor, it is preferable to use the RA reduction gear 220 because the rotation speed is high but the torque is small. An integral reduction gear directly connected to the electric motor can be adopted, and additional deceleration can be made externally as needed. If the reduction ratio is high, it is preferable to use planetary gears or harmonic drives. By combining spur gears, the input and output shafts can be configured in parallel, or bevel gears or worm gears can be configured in such a way that the input and output shafts are not parallel. The design method can be applied. In addition to the combination of gears of various sizes, it can also be configured using timing belts or cables to reduce errors caused by backlash. In constructing the right ascension reducer 220, it is possible to apply not only the mentioned method but also various types of reducers used in industrial sites. In addition, when the torque of the actuator 210 to be used is sufficient, it is also possible to remove the RA ascendant 220 and drive the actuator 210 by directly connecting to the RA ascending shaft 100.

The declination drive mechanism 400 according to the present invention, by restraining the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 to have a dependent movement in accordance with the correlation between the circumferential movement of the sun a01 and the playing movement, While the RA rotating shaft 100 rotates to track the circumferential movement of the sun a01, the declination rotating shaft 300 reciprocates up and down to compensate for the playing movement of the sun a01 in conjunction with the rotation amount. The purpose.

Right ascension rotation shaft 100 according to the present invention is to move along the circumferential movement of the sun (a01) from east to west every day by the right ascension rotation drive device 200, in which part of the driving force of the right ascension rotation drive device 200 declination By transmitting to the declination rotating shaft 300 through the drive mechanism 400, the declination rotating shaft 300 to move dependently on the right ascension rotating shaft 100, in particular, the declination while the right ascension rotating shaft 100 tracks about 365 times the round motion To configure the declination drive mechanism 400 so that the rotating shaft 300 can move similarly to Equation 4.

The declination drive mechanism 400 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, the declination reducer 410 having a point on a path through which power is transmitted from the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the right ascension rotation shaft 100. ), It may be configured as a reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism unit 420 to transfer the rotational movement of the output shaft of the declination reducer 410 to convert into a reciprocating rotational movement of the declination rotating shaft (300). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the driving force is extracted at one point of the RA gear 220, and more specifically, the rotational force of the RA gear 222 is transmitted to the declining gear 410.

At this time, in selecting the deceleration ratio of the deceleration reducer 410, the output shaft of the declination reducer 410 with respect to the amount of rotation generated while the right ascension rotation shaft 100 tracks the circumferential movement of the sun (a01) about 365 times By making one rotation, the design of the reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism 412 is facilitated. Referring to one embodiment for implementing the reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism unit 420 in more detail with reference to Figure 11, the reduction gear ratio is selected so that the output shaft of the deceleration reducer 410 rotates about one day, declination reducer 410 The crank 421 is fixed to the output shaft of the crankshaft, and the declination rotation shaft 300 is fixed to the rocker 422 pivoting up and down together in accordance with the performance of the sun a01, and the crank 421 and the rocker 422 With a connecting rod 423 connecting one end of the) to form a four-section link as a whole. In the embodiment of FIG. 11, a pin joint is provided on the side of the light collecting device holder 550 so that the light collecting device holder 550 also serves as the rocker 422.

Looking at the principle of operation of the four-way link reciprocating conversion mechanism 420 consisting of a link, first through the connecting rod 423 the rotational movement of the crank 421 is converted into the vertical reciprocating rotational movement of the rocker 422 When the crank 421 rotates one time through the declination reducer 410 while the RA rotating shaft 100 tracks about 365 times the circumference movement, the rocker 422 reciprocates up and down about 365 days. Done.

The angle change of the light collecting device holder 550 attached to the declination rotation shaft 300 according to the season a40 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 12. Since the crank 421 rotates about one quarter every three months, the crank 421 rotates about 90 degrees after each season (a40), each of the top dead center at the lower leg (a42) and the winter sol (a44). Adjust to position at bottom dead center and bottom dead center. Therefore, at the spring equinox a41, the light collecting device holder 550 is located at a neutral point. As the crank 421 pulls the connecting rod 423 past the vernal equinox a41, the angle of the light collecting device holder 550 gradually increases to reach the maximum angle at the lower leg a42. When the crank 421 passes through the top dead center at the lower limb a42, the angle of the light collecting device holder 550 is gradually decreased while pushing the connecting rod 423 upward, and returns to the neutral point at the abutment a43. When about nine months after the winter sol (a44), the crank 421 reaches the bottom dead center to achieve a minimum angle, and then the angle of the light collecting device mounting base 550 increases while pulling down the connecting rod 423 again. After about one year, when the crank 421 is completely rotated once, it is time for the vernal equinox a41, and the light collecting device holder 550 returns to the neutral position.

In the above-described process, the crank 421, the connecting rod 423, and the rocker 422 such that the maximum angle at which the declination rotation shaft 300 reciprocates has an angle corresponding to the inclination a05 of the earth's rotation axis up and down, respectively. The relative length of and the position of each joint should be selected as appropriate. When the crank 421 or the rocker 422 or the connecting rod 423 includes a means 424 for adjusting the position and the link length of the joint, the crank 421 or the rocker 422 or the connecting rod 423 may be configured to reciprocate up and down the rocker 422. Since the displacement and the speed for each section can be finely adjusted, the declination rotation axis 300 can be driven similarly to the change in the south middle altitude a23 of the sun a01 shown in Equation 4.

In practice, the amount of rotation of the RA rotating shaft 100 varies depending on the season in operating the solar tracking device 1000, and the angle accumulated by the declination rotating shaft 300 also changes. For example, if the rotation amount of the RA rotating shaft 100 increases in summer, the change of the declination rotating shaft 300 also becomes faster, and conversely, in winter, the cumulative amount of the angle transmitted to the declination rotating shaft 300 decreases. In addition, due to the difference in the revolving speed of the earth (a02) between the far point and the near point, in practice, the short-term error may be larger. In order to reflect these changes, the movement of the rocker 422 can be finely controlled by using the means 424 for adjusting the position and the link length of the joint. Looking at the change in the rotation angle of the crank 421 and the reciprocating rotation angle of the light collecting device holder 550 shown in Figure 12, the section from the spring equinox (a41) to the lower part (a42) to the autumn equinox (a43), It can be seen from a43) that it is longer than the section from the winter solstice a44 to the vernal equinox a41. In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the crank 421 is not simply rotated quarter-turns for each season a40, but is specifically designed to vary the speed for each section in consideration of the change in idle speed and the corresponding difference in the idle point and near point. Designed.

In the present invention, as well as one embodiment of the reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism unit 420 configured through the four-link, even if the cam follower, crank-slider system, four-link, five-link, etc. It is possible to achieve the purpose of the reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism unit 420 of the present invention to simulate the correlation between the circumference movement and the playing movement. In addition, in various implementation methods in which the embodiment of the reciprocating rotation conversion mechanism 420 of the present invention is modified, the relation between the rotational movement of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the movement of vertically reciprocating rotation of the declination rotation shaft 300 is Even if the difference with Equation 4, if the range is not large, it does not limit the operation of the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention.

Coupling 430 according to the present invention aims to release the restraint relationship between the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 as necessary. In the initial installation of the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention, the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 should be appropriately set in accordance with the season (a40) according to the installation time. When operating the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention for a long time, an error may occur between the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 and the declination a12 of the actual sun a01, in order to solve this declination axis ( It should be possible to reset the angle of 300). The right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 of the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention are constrained through the declination drive mechanism 400 to have a constant correlation, due to this correlation the declination rotation shaft 300 It becomes inconvenient to reset the angle of). In order to solve this inconvenience, as necessary, the restraint relationship between the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 should be released, and a means for independently adjusting the declination rotation shaft 300 should be provided. The driving force for driving the declination rotating shaft 300 is supplied from the right ascension rotation driving device 200 and is transmitted through the reducer or link mechanism. Therefore, by installing the coupling 430 at any point of the path from which the power is transmitted from the RA rotation apparatus 200 to the DEC rotation shaft 300, by selectively connecting or blocking the transmitted rotation force, the RA rotation shaft 100 The interlocking relationship between the declination rotation shaft 300 can be interlocked or released.

In the embodiment of FIG. 13, a coupling 430 is installed at a portion connecting the final output shaft of the declination reducer 410 and the crank 421 of the reciprocating rotation converter mechanism 420, and when the coupling 430 is released, the right ascension is performed. The angle of the light collecting device holder 550 may be changed by freely adjusting the rotation angle of the crank 421 without affecting the rotation shaft 100.

One-way clutch 450 according to the present invention is intended to only interlock with the declination rotation shaft 300 of the one-way rotational movement of the right ascension rotation shaft 100. In general, since the volume of the light concentrating device 600 attached to the solar tracking device 1000 is large and interference occurs with the surroundings, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 does not rotate continuously and reciprocates in both directions to avoid interference. That is, as shown in FIG. 14, during the daytime, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 rotates about half a turn until the sun a01 rises from the east to the west, and at night, reverses in the opposite direction and passes through the day. Return to the eastern position back on the route and wait to trace the sun a01 the next morning. In driving the declination rotation shaft 300 in conjunction with the right ascension rotation shaft 100 in the present invention, the rotational movement of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 must be ignored at night, and the sun (a01) from east to west normally during the day. The amount of rotation to be tracked must be selectively extracted and transmitted to the declination rotation shaft 300 through the declination drive mechanism 400.

By using the one-way clutch 450, it is possible to selectively extract the unidirectional rotational force from the bidirectional reciprocating rotational motion. Right ascension rotation axis 100 can extract only the rotational component to track the circumference movement of the sun (a01) from east to west during the day, the movement of the reverse rotation of the right ascension rotation axis 100 at night at the declination rotation axis (300) It will not be delivered to. FIG. 13 illustrates an embodiment in which the one-way clutch 450 is added to the declination driving mechanism 400. In the embodiment of FIG. 13, the one-way clutch 450 is installed at the front end of the input shaft of the deceleration reducer 410 so that only one-way rectified rotating component can be input to the deceleration reducer 410. In principle, even if the one-way clutch 450 is installed at any point from which the driving force is transmitted from the right ascension rotation driving apparatus 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300, the same role is performed. Of course, when the volume of the light collecting device 600 is small and there is no interference, the sun a01 can be tracked while continuously rotating the RA shaft 100, and there is no need to use the one-way clutch 450.

In the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention using the one-way clutch 450, as shown in FIG. 14, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 normally operates except for reverse rotation to return to the east position at night. The amount of weekly rotation generated while tracking the diurnal movement of (a01) is about half a day, and the crank 421 of the declination drive mechanism 400 is about 1/365 rotations about the rotation of about half a day. The reduction ratio should be set. At this time, the rotation amount of about half a day will vary depending on the surrounding terrain, seasons, mechanical motion range of the right ascension axis, etc., so that the deceleration reducer 410 or the reduction ratio adjusting device 440 is appropriately adjusted according to the installation environment. do.

Reduction ratio adjusting device 440 according to the present invention aims to adjust the ratio of the amount of rotation of the declination rotation shaft 300 according to the rotational movement of the right ascension rotation shaft 100. In the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention, the declination rotation shaft 300 is driven little by little in conjunction with the amount of rotation for which the right ascension rotation shaft 100 tracks the daily movement of the sun every day. The amount of rotation of the declination rotating shaft 300 accumulated little by little every day is a slight amount of only 23.5 degrees in three months. If the deceleration ratio of the deceleration reducer 410 is not set correctly, errors accumulate during long-term use, thereby degrading accuracy. In particular, when the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is operated to reciprocate in the opposite direction between the day and night, the movement range of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is changed according to the surrounding environment or installation conditions, and in the operation of the one-way clutch 450. Additional errors may occur. For example, unlike the beach without obstacles in the surroundings, in the mountain region, the time to track the sun during the day is significantly reduced, the movement range of the RA rotation axis 100 should be reduced. When installing a plurality of solar tracking device 1000, in the arrangement so as not to block the sunlight from each other, it is possible to limit the amount of rotation of the RA shaft 100. As such, since an accumulated error may occur according to long-term operation, it is preferable to include a reduction ratio adjusting device 440 so that the reduction ratio of the deceleration reducer 410 can be easily adjusted.

As one embodiment of implementing the reduction ratio adjusting device 440, as shown in Figure 13, to extract the rotational force from the right ascension worm gear 222 of the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to be input to the reduction ratio adjusting device 440. It was. As an embodiment of the reduction ratio adjusting device 440, a pulley-belt transmission device capable of varying a rotation radius mainly used in a continuously variable transmission may be used. Two rotating wheels having inclined surfaces are installed to face each other to constitute a v-groove pulley, and the distance between the two rotating wheels can be adjusted. Increasing the spacing of the v-groove pulleys reduces the effective radius of rotation of the belt, and reducing the spacing of the v-grooves pulley increases the effective radius of rotation of the belt, thereby increasing or decreasing the reduction ratio. Alternatively, it is possible to adjust the reduction ratio by installing multi-stage pulleys with different radii on both shafts and hanging the belt at the appropriate position. In addition, a variety of mechanisms for adjusting the radius of the pulley are possible, and the reduction ratio can be adjusted through other mechanisms as well as the pulley.

In adjusting the reduction ratio, the focus should be on adjusting the period of one year of reciprocating up and down, rather than reflecting the short-term error of the declination rotation shaft 300. In general, the amount of rotation of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 varies according to the season, and the angle accumulated by the declination rotation shaft 300 also changes. For example, if the rotation amount of the RA rotating shaft 100 increases in summer, the change of the declination rotating shaft 300 also becomes faster, and conversely, in winter, the cumulative amount of the angle transmitted to the declination rotating shaft 300 decreases. As a result, even if an error occurs because the change of the declination axis of rotation 300 deviates from the curve shown in Equation 4 in the short term, the error accumulated in the summer and winter is canceled, and the error is solved by the cycle of the whole year.

The declination display device 460 of the present invention aims to display the declination a12 in a direction toward the celestial sphere a19 by the light collecting device 600 attached to the solar tracking device 1000 at an angle. In addition, the season display device 470 of the present invention shows that the condensing device 600 attached to the solar tracking device 1000 converts the declination a12 in the direction toward the celestial sphere a19 into the season a40. The purpose. When the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention is first installed, the direction of the light collecting device holder 550 and the light collecting device 600 attached thereto are adjusted by appropriately adjusting the angle of the declination rotating shaft 300 according to the installation time. It should be adjusted according to the declination a12 of a01). In addition, when operating the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention for a long time, the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 and the declination a12 of the actual sun (a01) currently floating in the sky may occur, it is necessary to correct this There is. 15 illustrates an embodiment of the declination display device 460 for displaying the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300. The light collecting device holder 550 is in a neutral state parallel to the right ascension rotation axis 100 at the spring equinox a41 and the autumn equinox a43 where the declination a12 of the sun a01 is 0 degrees. In the embodiment of the declination display device 460 of the present invention, the declination measuring needle 461 is fixed to the condenser holder 550 that rotates together with the condenser 600, and the declination scale ( 462 is attached to measure the angle between the light collecting device holder 550 and the right ascension rotation shaft 100. Through the declination display device 460, it is possible to easily determine the declination a12 on the celestial sphere a19 to which the solar tracking device 1000 is actually directed.

While operating the solar tracking device 1000 for a long time, it is very important to check whether it is operating correctly. To this end, it is somewhat inconvenient to check and compare the declination a12 of the sun a01 according to the measurement direction and the actual direction of the solar tracking device 1000 measured by the declination display device 460. As summarized in Equation 4, there is a constant correlation between the declination a12 of the sun a01 and the season a40, and the declination of the sun a01 is calculated by counting dates in most countries of the world. Since the solar calendar is based on, the declination a12 of the sun a01 is easily converted to the date of the calendar. Therefore, rather than expressing the actual direction of the solar tracking device 1000 as an angle through the declination display device 460, the angle is converted into a season (a40) that the solar tracking device 1000 tracks and displayed. Intuitive error can be identified. FIG. 15 illustrates an embodiment of a season display device 470 that displays the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 in terms of the season a40. Install the season measurement needle 471 on the crank 421 connected to the output shaft of the deceleration reducer 410 to rotate together, and by providing the season scale 472 on the declination support 540, the rotation of the crank 421 Read the entire amount converted to the corresponding season (a40). For example, when the crank 421 is designed to rotate once a year, the correlation between the amount of rotation of the crank 421 and the season a40 is as shown in FIG. 15. Therefore, the season scale 472 is largely divided into four, and the spring equinox (a41), the lower limb (a42), the autumn equinox (a43), and the winter sol (a44) are respectively displayed and rotated like the crank 421, and the season measurement needle 471 Through) to convert the current angle of rotation of the crank 421 to the corresponding season (a40) to be able to read. Of course, not only four seasons, but also the 12 seasons, monthly, or a daily scale can be measured more precisely. In addition, when the cumulative amount of rotation in summer and winter is different, the interval of the scale may be changed in consideration of this. Looking at the angle change of the crank 421 of Figure 12, the summer section is designed to be longer than the winter section, therefore, the interval of the summer scale should be longer than the winter.

When the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention is properly installed and the error is properly corrected and operated, when the right ascension rotation shaft 100 moves little by little along the circumference of the sun every day, the season scale that the season measuring needle 471 passes is passed. (472) will also increase day by day, and after one year through four seasons, the season scale 472 will turn around and return to the original date. By converting the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 into a seasonal time a40 through the season display device 470, and comparing it with the current calendar date, the tracking error of the declination axis of rotation 300 is intuitive. It can be grasped, by reflecting the trend of the tracking error that is a little faster or slower to the reduction ratio control device 440 can be taken to enable accurate tracking.

The declination display device 460 and the season display device 470 described above are the same in principle only in the unit of the scale. When the scale is displayed on the declination display device 460 as the season (a40), it can be used as the season display device 470. When the angle and the season (a40) are written together on the scale of each device, the declination display device 460 And the season display device 470 may be integrated and used as one display device. In addition, the declination a12 and the season (a40) to which the solar tracking device 1000 is directed on all the drive shafts through which the driving force generated from the right ascension rotation driving device 200 passes through the declination driving mechanism unit 400 to be transmitted to the declination rotation shaft 300. Since it is included in the information, it is possible to determine the rotation angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 or the corresponding season (a40), even if the scale is displayed at any point of the power transmission path. Therefore, not only the above embodiments but also various methods applied thereto are possible.

For example, from one point from which the power is transmitted from the RA rotating device 200 to the declination rotating shaft 300, a separate rotating shaft for the measurement can be laid and a rotating plate marked with a scale at the end thereof can be measured. Of course, when the RA drive shaft 100 reciprocates and transmits a one-way rotational component to the declination rotation shaft 300 through the one-way clutch 450, the power to which the rectified rotational component is transmitted via the one-way clutch 450 is transmitted. At one point of the shaft, the declination indicator 460 or the season indicator 470 should be installed.

When the right ascension display device 480 also includes the right ascension rotation shaft 100, it is easy to know whether the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention is malfunctioning. In FIG. 15, an example of configuring the RA display device 480 is illustrated by including the RA measuring needle 481 and the RA scale 482 in the Dec. rotation support 540 and the RA rotation support 530, respectively.

The operating method of the solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 18,

A first step (S01) of matching the direction of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 with the earth rotation axis a34;

A second step S02 of matching the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 with the declination a12 of the sun a01;

A third step (S03) of driving the right ascension rotation shaft 100 through the right ascension rotation driving apparatus 200 to track the circumferential movement of the sun a01;

A fourth part which transfers a part of the driving force of the right ascension rotation driving apparatus 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300 through the declination driving mechanism 400 to track the change in the south middle altitude a23 of the sun a01 according to the playing movement; Step S04;

If necessary, the following steps may be additionally operated.

A fifth step (S05) of changing the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 by adjusting the declination driving mechanism 400 when the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 is smaller or greater than the inclination a05 of the earth rotation axis; or

A sixth step (S06) of changing the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 by adjusting the reducer adjusting device 440 when the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 becomes longer or shorter than the revolving period of the earth a02; or

A seventh step (S07) of releasing the coupling 430 and resetting the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 when the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 is different from the declination a12 of the sun a01;

It may include.

FIG. 19 illustrates a method of operating all the fifth, sixth, and seventh steps that may be additionally included.

Each step according to the operating method of the solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention will be described in detail. In order for the solar tracking device 1000 provided in the present invention to function properly, the solar tracking device 1000 should be correctly installed with reference to the first and second steps provided by the operating method of the solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention.

It will be described with respect to the first step (S01) to adjust the direction of the right ascension rotation axis 100 to match the earth's rotation axis (a34). The first thing to do in carrying out the solar tracking device 100 of the present invention is to provide a solid foundation on the ground, the level of reference to the slope of the ground, the goniometer to measure the tilt, the distance meter to measure the distance, the magnetic north to measure By using a measuring device such as a compass, a deodorant or a total station for measuring true north, the RA rotating shaft 100 is installed to coincide with the earth's rotation axis a34. To this end, the two angles, that is, the azimuth angle a21 in the horizontal plane a29 and the altitude a22 toward the sky must be matched at the same time. The method of matching the azimuth angle a21 is to project the right ascension rotation shaft 100 onto the ground so that the right ascension rotation shaft 100 lies on a plane through which the meridian a24 passes, so that both ends face south and north, respectively. In the embodiment using one pillar 520 shown in Fig. 7A, the pillar 520 is properly rotated to adjust the direction. In the embodiment using two pillars 520a and 520b shown in FIG. 7B, the relative positions of the pillars are adjusted to adjust directions.

The method of adjusting the altitude a22 is to adjust the angle formed between the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the horizontal plane a29 in consideration of the latitude a32 of the installation site. For example, in the northern hemisphere, the angle formed by the right ascension rotation axis 100 and the ground from the north point a26 is inclined by the latitude a32 of the installation place, and in the case of the southern hemisphere, the right ascension rotation axis 100 from the south point a25. Tilt the angle of the ground with the latitude (a32) of the installation site. Therefore, when the installation place is the equator a37, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is parallel to the horizontal plane a29, and when the installation is at the north pole a35 or the south pole a36, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is the column 520. As it is built vertically from the horizontal plane (a29), when installed in the Republic of Korea about 37 degrees from the north point (a26), south side (a25) from the ceiling about 143 degrees is installed inclined from the horizontal plane (a29). In an embodiment using one pillar 520 of the present invention, the altitude a22 of the RA shaft 100 may be adjusted by inclining the RA rotation support 530 fixed to the pillar 520. In the embodiment of the support 510 having two pillars 520a and 520b of the present invention, the altitude a22 of the RA shaft 100 may be adjusted by adjusting the height of the pillar 520a or 520b whose length can be changed. .

The second step S02 of matching the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 with the declination a12 of the sun a01 according to the season a40 will be described in detail. In the initial installation of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention, not only the first step S01 but also the second step S02 of adjusting the declination rotation shaft 300 should be correctly performed. The second step S02 is to adjust the angle of the declination rotation axis 300 according to the interval between the equatorial surface a17 and the ecliptic a18 according to the season a40, that is, the declination a12 of the sun a01 according to the season. As a result, the angle of the light collecting device holder 550 is changed and aligned so that the light collecting device 600 to be attached faces the sun a01. As summarized in Equation 4, the declination a12 of the sun a01 passes through a point that is 0 degrees at the spring equinox a41, that is, the equatorial plane a17 of the celestial sphere a19, and the tilt of the Earth's axis at the lower limb a44. Forging increases until the angle of (a05). At the lower leg (a44) it rises to the southernmost altitude (a23) of the maximum angle and then decreases again, and after the autumn equinox (a43), it stays in the southern hemisphere past the equatorial plane (a17) of the celestial sphere (a19). The south middle altitude a23 of (a01) has a minimum angle. In the southern hemisphere of the earth (a02), since the change of the season is opposite to the northern hemisphere and the measurement reference point or the seasonal season (a40) is different, the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention should be implemented in consideration of this.

In the implementation of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention, when the coupling 430 is not provided, the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 which moves in conjunction with the right ascension rotation shaft 100 while moving in conjunction with the season ( Adjust to have appropriate declination a12 according to a40). Since the declination rotation shaft 300 performs only one cycle of movement while the right ascension rotation shaft 100 rotates about 365 times, the inconvenience of having to turn the right ascension rotation shaft 100 a lot even when attempting to move the declination rotation shaft 300 only slightly. Follow. In the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention including a coupling 430, the constraint of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and the declination rotation shaft 300 can be released immediately, and the declination rotation shaft 300 can be adjusted independently. That is, when the coupling 430 installed on the power transmission shaft of the declination drive mechanism 400 is released, the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 and the light collecting device mounting base 550 attached thereto without affecting the right ascension rotation shaft 100. You can freely adjust.

In the case of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention provided with the declination display device 460, even if there is no separate measuring equipment, the concentrating device 600 is directed toward the light converging device 600 through the declination scale 462 of the declination display device 460. The declination a12 on a19) can be easily known, and the declination rotation shaft 300 may be adjusted with reference to this. When the season display device 460 is provided, the inconvenience of converting the declination a12 of the sun a01 according to the seasonal season a40 and thus adjusting the angle of the declination rotation axis 300 can be eliminated. . In the embodiment of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention including the season display device 460, because the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 is displayed in terms of the seasonal season a40, the declination axis of rotation 300 It is not necessary to compare the angle of) with the declination a12 of the sun a01, and simply read the season scale 472 to match the current time period a40. In other words, it is more intuitive because it uses a matching method that compares time and time, not comparing angles and angles.

The first step (S01) and the second step (S02) described above are for the essential operation step in the initial installation of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention. The third step (S03) and the fourth step (S04) to be described later relates to the essential operation step in the process of tracking the sun after the initial installation of the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention.

It will be described in detail with respect to the third step (S03) for tracking the circumferential movement of the sun (a01) by driving the right ascension rotation shaft 100 through the right ascension rotation drive device 200. According to the first step (S01) and the second step (S02), after the initial installation of the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention, the light collecting device 600 attached to the solar tracking device 1000 occurs every day The sun tracking device 1000 should be driven to move along the circumferential motion of the sun a01. The simplest way to track diurnal motion starts at a certain angle in the east at a specific time in the morning, according to a predetermined program, and then drives the RA axis 100 at a constant angular speed of about 15 degrees per hour when the earth rotates. Stop at a certain angle in the west and return east at night. As described above, in the passive tracking method based on time, the data of latitude (a32) and longitude (a31) of the location where the solar tracking device 1000 is installed is accurate, and the direction of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 is precisely installed. Therefore, the sun a01 can be precisely tracked without a large error. In operating time-based programs, because the orbit of the earth (a02) is not an exact circle but an ellipse, it is up to about 8 minutes due to the difference in the orbital velocity between near and far points (about 2.5 degrees in terms of angle). As the difference can occur, Kepler's law allows more precise program operation by correcting the difference in average solar time. However, the passive tracking method based on the program has a disadvantage that it is impossible to correct in real time when an error occurs due to an external factor such as slippage of the driving device. As a method of supplementing the disadvantages of the passive tracking method, a sensor for detecting the sun a01 may be provided to measure the position of the sun a01 in real time, and may drive the right ascension rotation shaft 100 according to the identified position. . As described above, in the case of an active tracking method based on a sensor, even if an external problem such as a failure of the device occurs, it has an advantage of operating by confirming the position of the actually confirmed sun a01 in real time. On the contrary, due to the influence of weather or passing obstacles, the operation may be temporarily stopped, and it may be vulnerable to vibration, and may not maintain a constant speed. The most preferable method is to use two methods in combination, and basically operate the solar tracking device 1000 according to the time based on the observation data according to a predetermined program, and use the sensor to track the tracking state of the sun (a01). It can be monitored and corrected in real time if the error is large.

Passing a part of the driving force of the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300 through the declination drive mechanism 400 to track the change in the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) according to the season (a40) The fourth step (S04) will be described in detail. The fourth step S04 is automatically generated by the third step S03. When the right ascension rotation shaft 100 rotates along the circumferential direction of the sun in the third step S03, the right ascension rotation shaft 100 The rotation angle of) is transmitted to the declination rotation shaft 300 through the declination drive mechanism 400 to reciprocate up and down in accordance with the playing movement of the sun. To this end, the driving force is extracted from one point of the driving force transmission path of the RA rotating device 200 to drive the declination rotating shaft 300 through the installed declination driving mechanism 400, and the RA rotating shaft 100 is continuous in one direction. When not rotating, the one-way clutch 450 is used to selectively deliver only the unidirectional rotational component that purely tracks the circumference of the sun a01. While the right ascension rotation shaft 100 tracks the circumferential movement of the sun a01, the declination driving mechanism unit 400 is designed so that the amount of rotation accumulated for one year coincides with the movement period of reciprocating up and down the declination rotation shaft 300. If the reduction gear ratio is adjusted so that the output shaft of the declination reducer 410 of the declination drive mechanism 400 rotates once a year, the design of the mechanism is easy. For example, the crank 421 is installed on the output shaft of the declination reducer 410, the rocker 422 is installed on the declination rotation shaft 300 to rotate up and down together according to the performance of the sun, and the four-link is formed. When the crank 421 rotates once a year, the rocker 422 and the fixed declination rotating shaft 300 are reciprocated up and down once a year. At this time, if the relative length of the crank 421, the connecting rod 423, the rocker 422 and the position of each connecting joint can be adjusted, the movement range of the four-link link is changed to tilt the earth's axis up and down respectively (a05). It is easy to adjust to have an angle. In the operating method of the solar tracking device 1000 according to the present invention, it is possible to operate basically only four steps from the first step (S01) to the fourth step (S04). For convenience of maintenance, a fifth step (S05) or a sixth step (S06) or a seventh step (S07) may be additionally included and operated.

When the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 is smaller or larger than the inclination (a05) of the earth's rotation axis, for the fifth step S05 of changing the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 by adjusting the declination drive mechanism 400. I will explain in detail. In the solar tracking device 1000 provided in the present invention, when the up and down movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 for one year is smaller or larger than the inclination a05 of the earth's rotation axis, the sun a01 is The tracking error will be large. The movement displacement of the declination axis of rotation 300 is a value determined according to the mechanical configuration of the declination drive mechanism 400, and should be precisely designed to have an appropriate range. In one embodiment of implementing the declination drive mechanism 400 of the present invention, by adjusting the position of the joint and the length of the link of the crank 421, the rocker 422, or the connecting rod 423, the movement displacement and the speed for each section To adjust. By adjusting the length of the link and the position of each connection joint, not only the movement displacement of the declination axis of rotation 300 but also various driving characteristics such as movement trajectory, section speed, and the like can be adjusted. However, the movement displacement of the declination rotating shaft 300 does not need to be changed depending on the installation position or the surrounding environment, and the same operation is installed wherever it is on the earth, and the adjustment situation does not frequently occur.

When the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 becomes longer or shorter than the revolving period of the earth a02, in the sixth step S06 of adjusting the reduction ratio adjusting device 440 to change the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300. I will explain in detail. When operating the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention for a long time, the movement period of the declination rotation axis 300 may be slightly faster or slower than the period of the playing movement of the sun a01. Above all, the rotation range of the RA rotating shaft 100 to track the daily round motion according to the environmental conditions, such as the surrounding features of the installation place, it is necessary to adjust the reduction ratio of the declination drive mechanism 400 accordingly. . For example, in open areas such as beaches, you can exercise up to 180 degrees a day, and in the mountains, there is a lot of obstacles around, so the sunrise time is slower and the sunset time is faster. As such, even if the amount of rotation of the RA rotating shaft 100 varies depending on the region, the rotation angle that the declination rotating shaft 300 must move a day to track the performance of the sun S01 does not change as specified in Equation 4. , The deceleration ratio of the declination drive mechanism 400 according to the moving range of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 in consideration of the environment of the installation place should be adjusted. The period in which the rotational movement up and down of the declination rotation shaft 300 is shorter than the actual revolution period of the earth while operating the solar tracking device 1000 of the present invention is because the deceleration ratio of the declination drive mechanism 400 is insufficient, thereby increasing the reduction ratio. To do that. The movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 is longer than the actual revolution period of the earth because the reduction ratio is large, so as to reduce the reduction ratio. When the declination display device 460 or the season display device 470 is provided, it is easy to check the error of the exercise period. Periodically check the movement cycle of the declination rotation shaft 300, if an error occurs to adjust to reduce the deceleration ratio of the declination drive mechanism 400 appropriately to solve. When the deceleration ratio of the declination drive mechanism 400 is fixed, since it is inconvenient to change the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300, in the present invention, it is recommended to attach the deceleration ratio adjusting device 440.

 If the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 is different from the declination a12 of the sun a01, the seventh step S07 of releasing the coupling 430 and resetting the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 will be described in detail. I would like to. If the solar tracking device 1000 provided by the present invention is operated for a long time, an error may occur in the movement displacement or the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300, and in this case, the fifth step (S05) or the sixth step described above. In the method proposed in (S06) to reduce the error that occurs later. However, since the accumulated error remains, it is desirable to perform an additional step to solve it. In order to solve the accumulated error while tracking the declination a12 of the sun a01, the declination rotation shaft 300 first releases the coupling 430 in a similar manner to the second step S02, By independently rotating 300 to eliminate the accumulated error, and by connecting the coupling 430 again, the declination rotation shaft 300 is constrained to move in conjunction with the right ascension rotation shaft 100.

Claims (10)

A right ascension rotation shaft 100 installed in parallel with the earth rotation axis a34 to track a change in the right ascension a11 according to the circumferential motion of the sun a01; A right ascension rotation driving device 200 for driving the right ascension rotation shaft 100; A declination rotation shaft 300 which is perpendicular to the right ascension rotation shaft 100 and reciprocates in four seasons in order to track a change in the declination a12 according to the playing motion of the sun a01; When the right ascension rotation drive device 200 drives the right ascension rotation shaft 100, a portion of the rotation force is transmitted to the declination rotation shaft 300 to reciprocate up and down, and the rotation force transmitted to the declination rotation shaft 300. A declination drive mechanism 400 including a one-way clutch 450 installed at one point of a power transmission path from the RA rotation apparatus 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300 so as to select and transmit the unidirectional rotational component of the directional rotation component; Solar tracking device consisting of (1000). The method of claim 1, Solar tracking device 1000 including a reduction ratio adjustment device 440 that can be added to or reduced the rotation rate is installed at one point of the power transmission path from the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300. . The method of claim 1, Solar tracking device (1000) comprising a coupling (430) for connecting or blocking the rotational force is installed and installed at a point of the power transmission path from the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the declination rotation shaft (300). The method of claim 1, The declination drive mechanism 400, the declination reducer 410 for outputting the rotational ratio by receiving the driving force of the right ascension rotation drive device 200; A crank 421 attached to the output shaft of the deceleration reducer 410; A rocker 422 fixed to the declination rotation shaft 300 and reciprocating up and down by the inclination a05 of the earth's rotation axis according to the change of the declination a12 by the sun's playing motion; One end of the crank 421 and one end of the rocker 422 are connected to form a trimming link 420 and the rotational movement of the crank 421 is reciprocated up and down of the rocker 422. A connecting rod 423 for converting; Solar tracking device 1000 comprising a. The method of claim 4, wherein The crank 421 or the rocker 422 or the connecting rod 423 includes a means 424 for adjusting the position of the joint or the link length, and reciprocates up and down the declination rotation shaft 300. Solar tracking device having a feature that can change the displacement and speed of each section (1000). The method of claim 1, Characterized in that it comprises a declination display device 460 for converting the rotation amount of the declination rotation shaft 300 into an angle or a season display device 470 for converting the rotation amount into a season a40 during the year. Sun tracking device (1000). A first step (S01) of matching the direction of the right ascension rotation shaft 100 with the earth rotation axis a34; A second step S02 of matching the angle of the declination axis of rotation 300 with the declination a12 of the sun a01; A third step (S03) of the right ascension rotation driving apparatus 200 driving the right ascension rotation shaft 100 to track the circumferential movement of the sun a01; The declination drive mechanism 400 transmits a part of the driving force of the right ascension rotation drive device 200 to the declination rotation shaft 300, by selectively extracting the unidirectional rotational component and converting it into a reciprocating motion in four seasons, A fourth step (S04) of tracking the change of the south middle altitude (a23) of the sun (a01) according to the playing movement of the declination rotation shaft (300); Operation method of the solar tracking device (1000) consisting of. The method of claim 7, wherein A fifth step (S05) of changing the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 by adjusting the declination driving mechanism 400 when the movement displacement of the declination rotation shaft 300 is smaller or greater than the inclination a05 of the earth rotation axis; or A sixth step (S06) of changing the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 by adjusting the reducer adjusting device 440 when the movement period of the declination rotation shaft 300 becomes longer or shorter than the revolving period of the earth a02; or A seventh step (S07) of releasing the coupling 430 and resetting the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 when the angle of the declination rotation shaft 300 is different from the declination a12 of the sun a01; Method of operating a solar tracking device (1000) comprising any one of the steps. The method of claim 7, wherein In the fourth step (S04), the angle of reciprocating rotation of the declination rotating shaft 300 is up and down, respectively, the operating method of the solar tracking device (1000) corresponding to the inclination (a05) of the Earth's rotation axis. According to the first, The load added to the right ascension rotation shaft 100 or the declination rotation shaft 300 is balanced to prevent rotation due to its own weight and to minimize the rotational force required for driving, by changing the center of gravity of the load added to each rotation shaft to each rotation shaft A solar tracking device (1000) comprising a balance weight (560) that can adjust its weight and attachment position to be positioned thereon.

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