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WO2014077032A1 - Dispositif d'affichage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014077032A1
WO2014077032A1 PCT/JP2013/075660 JP2013075660W WO2014077032A1 WO 2014077032 A1 WO2014077032 A1 WO 2014077032A1 JP 2013075660 W JP2013075660 W JP 2013075660W WO 2014077032 A1 WO2014077032 A1 WO 2014077032A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
display device
unit
parallel light
image
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2013/075660
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
敢人 宮崎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olympus Corp
Original Assignee
Olympus Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olympus Corp filed Critical Olympus Corp
Publication of WO2014077032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014077032A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/35—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using reflective optical elements in the optical path between the images and the observer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
    • G02B30/36—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers using refractive optical elements, e.g. prisms, in the optical path between the images and the observer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/32—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/322—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using varifocal lenses or mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/324—Colour aspects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display device that allows an observer to observe a virtual image.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a display device that can observe such a virtual image.
  • this display device light emitted from the liquid crystal display element is propagated inside the substrate, and light is emitted from an emission portion provided on the substrate, thereby forming an image on the retina of the observer. As a result, the observer can observe the image.
  • An infinite projection display device with a large cross-sectional area of the emitted light beam can be observed away from the flat plate part, and the angle of view (viewed field of view) does not change even if the viewpoint is shifted. Moreover, since a virtual image projected at infinity is observed, even a presbyopic person can observe it clearly. Due to these features, infinite projection type display devices have attracted attention in recent years.
  • the optical deflection device used in the image display device described in Patent Document 1 has a sweepable angle of less than 1 °, and the image display device has a narrow angle of view. Therefore, in order to widen the field of view (view angle) of the observer, the microlens arrays 121 and 122 described in FIG. That is, by using an afocal lens system in which a positive lens and a negative lens are combined, the angular magnification is increased, the apparent sweep angle is increased, and the angle of view is expanded.
  • the cross-sectional area (light beam diameter) of the emitted light beam becomes smaller than the light beam incident on the afocal lens system. Then, since the diameter of the light beam incident on the observer's eyes becomes small, the influence of diffraction becomes large, and the resolution of the image viewed by the observer becomes low.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of observing a virtual image.
  • it is an object to realize at least one of expansion of a visual field range or improvement of brightness of an observed virtual image.
  • the display device is A display surface on which a plurality of unit areas are arranged; Each of the unit areas emits a parallel light beam forming an image to be observed by an observer in a different direction between the unit areas, and toward an observation area located at a predetermined position with respect to the display surface. It is characterized by injecting.
  • the display device by allowing a virtual image to be observed, it is possible for a hyperopic observer to easily observe an image without using auxiliary tools such as reading glasses.
  • auxiliary tools such as reading glasses.
  • by using a plurality of parallel light beams emitted from the unit area it is possible to realize at least one of expansion of the visual field range and improvement of the brightness of the observed virtual image.
  • the figure for demonstrating the display principle of the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment The figure for demonstrating the display principle of the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment
  • Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing (side view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • the front view which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • the figure which shows a mode that the display apparatus which concerns on embodiment is observed.
  • Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing (side view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment.
  • Sectional view of the multi-core SM fiber used in the fourth embodiment Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment.
  • Sectional drawing (top view) which shows the structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment.
  • the front view which shows the mode of the MEMS mirror arrangement
  • the image apparatus includes a display surface 101.
  • the x axis and the y axis are defined so that the display surface 101 becomes the xy plane, and the axis orthogonal to the xy plane is defined as the z axis.
  • the display surface 101 is formed of a plurality of unit regions 102 arranged in an xy plane.
  • the parallel light beams emitted from each unit region 102 can form an image with one parallel light beam.
  • each parallel light beam is emitted toward predetermined regions (predetermined regions) 103R and 103L where it is estimated that the eyes are placed during observation.
  • predetermined regions predetermined regions
  • the distance from the display surface 101 to each of the regions 103R and 103L is about 250 mm, which is a preferable distance when the user uses the portable information terminal or the like with his / her hand.
  • the distance from the display surface 101 to each of the regions 103R and 103L can be set as appropriate when designing the display device, and is not limited to 250 mm.
  • a plurality of parallel light beams are incident on the same positions of the regions 103R and 103L. However, if the incident positions of the parallel light beams are in the predetermined regions 103R and 103L, they are at different positions. It is good also as making it enter.
  • the parallel light beams are incident on the same position, the parallel light beams are observed in an overlapping manner, and the angle of view with respect to the observer can be enlarged.
  • the incident positions of the parallel light beams are varied, it is possible to expand the visual field range (eye position range over which the entire angle of view can be seen) with respect to the observer.
  • the observer observes the parallel light beam emitted from at least one of the unit regions 102 (enters the eye), so that a virtual image projected to the observer at infinity. Can be observed, and a clear image can be observed by a far-sighted observer.
  • an afocal lens system for increasing the angular magnification is not arranged, it is possible to prevent the observer from degrading the resolution of the image observed by the observer. The angle of view with respect to can be enlarged.
  • the regions 103R and 103L are used using a plurality of parallel light beams. It is possible to cover.
  • a parallel light beam including an image having parallax is incident on the right-eye region 103R and the left-eye region 103L, it is possible to cause the observer to observe stereoscopic vision. In such a stereoscopic view, a parallel light beam is incident on each of the left and right regions 103R and 103L, so that deterioration of the observation image due to crosstalk is also suppressed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a mode in which a parallel light beam emitted from a certain unit region 102 is scanned in the left eye region 103L.
  • a scanning unit such as an optical deflecting element. It becomes.
  • FIG. 2 shows a state where a parallel light beam emitted from a certain unit region 102 is scanned in the x-axis direction.
  • An image can be formed by scanning the parallel light beam also in the y-axis direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the display device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a right side view of the cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the display device according to the first embodiment.
  • the display device 100 according to the first embodiment includes an LD (semiconductor laser) array 110, a lens array 120, a light deflection element 130, a prism 140, and a control unit 200.
  • the LD array 110 and the lens array 120 function as a light source that emits parallel light.
  • the x axis and the y axis are defined so that the plane observed by the observer is the xy plane, and the axis orthogonal to the xy plane is defined as the z axis.
  • an LD (semiconductor laser) 111 as a divergent light emission source that emits divergent light, and a unit lens that constitutes the lens array 120 as an optical conversion element that converts the divergent light emitted from the LD 111 into parallel light. 121 is used.
  • the LD 111 is provided with two types of LD 111 for the right eye and LD 111 ′ for the left eye.
  • the LD 111 for the right eye and the LD 111 ′ for the left eye are the right eye and the left eye when the observer observes. It is arrange
  • a divergent light emission source it can replace with this LD (semiconductor laser) and can use it combining various light sources, such as LED, and a pinhole.
  • the LD 111 for the right eye and the LD 111 ′ for the left eye use a set of LDs of a plurality of colors (in this embodiment, three colors of RGB), and color display is possible by individually controlling each LD.
  • Display device 100 is realized.
  • the right-eye LD 111, the left-eye LD 111 ′, and the unit lenses 121 constituting the lens array 120 are basically in a one-to-one relationship, and the right-eye LD 111, the left-eye LD 111 ′. Are substantially located at the rear focal point of the corresponding unit lens 121.
  • the unit lens 121 are preferably provided close to each other so that no gap is generated between the parallel light beams emitted from the adjacent unit lenses 121.
  • the unit lens 121 located near the center of the right eye and the left eye is used in both the right eye LD 111 and the left eye LD 111 ′ during observation by the observer. .
  • the right-eye LD 111 is shown in white and the left-eye LD 111 ′ is shown in brown, but in the LD array 110 near the center in the x-axis direction (positioned fourth and fifth from the top).
  • one unit lens 121 converts both the right-eye LD 111 and the left-eye LD 111 ′ into parallel light fluxes.
  • the right-eye LD 111 and the left-eye LD 111 ′ are arranged at different positions on the LD array 110.
  • the unit lens is used by utilizing the situation of such position arrangement.
  • the parallel luminous flux emitted from 121 is emitted in different directions in the LD 111 for the right eye and the LD 111 ′ for the left eye.
  • the light deflection element 130 is a means for deflecting the parallel light emitted from each unit lens 121.
  • two light deflection elements 131 and 132 having deflection directions in the y direction and the x direction are used.
  • the parallel light emitted from each unit lens 121 is deflected.
  • the light deflecting elements 131 and 132 for example, a light deflecting element having a metamaterial structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-112942 can be used. When incident light is incident on one surface, this light deflection element can emit light from the opposite surface at a deflection angle corresponding to the applied voltage. By making the applied voltage variable, the deflection angle can be changed.
  • a deflection element using a liquid crystal described in JP-A-7-92507 may be used as the light deflection elements 131 and 132.
  • the prism 140 is an optical element having a function of changing the emission direction so that the emitted parallel light beams are directed to the observation regions on the right eye side and the left eye side on the viewer side. In this embodiment, it is provided for each parallel light beam emitted by the LD 111 for the right eye and the LD 111 'for the left eye. However, in the vicinity of the center in FIG. 1, as described above, since the emission direction differs depending on the arrangement position of the LD 111 for the right eye and the LD 111 ′ for the left eye, the prism 140 is not provided, and each right eye is not provided.
  • the divergent light emitted from the LD 111 and the left-eye LD 111 ′ passes through the light deflection element 130 and then enters the right-eye observation region and the left-eye observation region as parallel light beams, respectively.
  • the display surface 101 is formed by the surface of the prism 140 on the viewer side.
  • the control unit 200 outputs a scan signal to each of the light deflection elements 131 and 132.
  • This scan signal is a signal that controls each of the light deflecting elements 131 and 132 so that the parallel light deflected by the unit lens 121 forms a two-dimensional image surface on the retina of the observer. Note that various methods such as a raster scan and a spiral scan can be adopted as the scan method.
  • Image information output from the image information generation unit 300 is input to the control unit 200. When the display device 100 performs stereoscopic viewing, different image information is input for the right eye and the left eye.
  • the input image information is converted into a light intensity control signal for each color synchronized with the scan signal, and input to each LD 111, 111 ′ in the LD array 110.
  • the same light intensity control signal is input to all the LDs 111 and 111 ′ regardless of the type of the right-eye LD 111 and the left-eye LD 111 ′.
  • the LDs 111 and 111 ′ are simultaneously blinked at a light intensity corresponding to the light intensity signal.
  • the light intensity control signal based on the right-eye image information is input to all the right-eye LDs 111 and left
  • the light intensity control signal based on the eye image information is input to all the left-eye LDs 111 ′, and the right-eye LD 111 and the left-eye LD 111 ′ flicker at the light intensities corresponding to the left and right light intensity signals.
  • a color image is formed by using a plurality of color light sources. Therefore, a plurality of LDs that emit divergent light of different colors (wavelength bands) are arranged in the LDs 111 and 111 ′ as light sources.
  • the three LDs 111 R, G, and B are arranged side by side in the y-axis direction at a substantially rear focal position of the unit lens 121, and the green LD 111 G is positioned on the optical axis of the unit lens 121.
  • the control unit 200 can form a color image by performing scanning with the light deflection element 130 and simultaneously controlling the light intensity of the LDs 111R, G, and B according to input image information.
  • the LDs 111R, G, and B may emit light at the same time.
  • the LDs 111R, G, and B have different positions on the y-axis as shown in FIG. This also shifts the position of the image formed by.
  • one of the LDs 111R, G, and B of each color is caused to emit light, and the light deflection element 130 is made according to the LD 111R, G, and B that emits light. The deflection angle is corrected.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a plurality of color LDs 111R, G, and B emit light.
  • the LDs 111R, G, and B of the respective colors do not emit light at the same time, and the LDs 111R, G, and B emit light in order.
  • Each color LD 111R, G, B forms an image in a predetermined unit such as one screen or one line, and one image is formed when scanning of all colors LD 111R, G, B is completed. It will be.
  • the LDs 111R, G, and B that emit light are underlined.
  • FIG. 6A is a diagram when the green LD 111G located at the center emits light. Since the light emission point of the green LD 111G is located on the optical axis of the unit lens 121, the light emitted from the light emission point is emitted from the unit lens 121 in parallel to the optical axis and is emitted from the light deflection element 130 vertically. .
  • FIG. 6B is a diagram when the red LD 111R emits light.
  • the light emitting point of the red LD 111R is positioned in the plus direction in the y-axis direction from the optical axis of the unit lens 121. For this reason, the light beam incident on the unit lens 121 has an inclination in the y-axis direction.
  • the red LD 111R emits light
  • the parallel light incident obliquely in the y-axis direction is deflected with respect to the light deflection element 131 in the y-axis direction so as to be emitted perpendicularly to the light deflection element 130.
  • Angle correction is performed.
  • FIG. 6C is a diagram when the blue LD 111B emits light.
  • the light emitting point of the blue LD 111B is positioned in the minus direction in the y-axis direction from the optical axis of the unit lens 121. For this reason, the light beam incident on the unit lens 121 has an inclination in the y-axis direction.
  • the blue LD 111B emits light
  • the light deflecting element in the y-axis direction so that parallel light obliquely incident in the y-axis direction is emitted perpendicularly to the light deflecting element 130.
  • the deflection angle is corrected for 131.
  • the correction of the deflection direction of the red and blue LDs 111R and B is performed on the basis of the green LD 111G located on the optical axis of the unit lens 121.
  • the LDs 111R, G, and B to be corrected are corrected. Can be appropriately determined according to the arrangement position thereof.
  • the parallel light emitted from the unit lens 121 is deflected by the light deflection element 130 to form an image, and then directed to the observation areas 103R and 103L on the observer side via the prism 140 and emitted.
  • the control unit 200 causes the LDs 111R, G, and B to emit light according to the input image information, thereby forming a virtual image corresponding to the image information in the image plane.
  • the use of the LDs 111R, G, and B of a plurality of colors (wavelength bands) enables the observer to observe a color virtual image.
  • the light deflection element 130 by correcting the deviation in the emission direction according to the arrangement positions of the LDs 111R, G, and B by the light deflection element 130, it is possible to observe an image without a positional deviation.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state of observing the display device according to the present embodiment.
  • An observer can observe a virtual image formed by the display device 100.
  • a clear image can be observed even by a presbyopic (hyperopic) observer by observing a virtual image formed in the distance.
  • the optical element is composed of fine optical elements such as the LD 111 and the unit lens 121, the optical distance between the optical elements can be shortened, and the display device can be thinned.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view (top view) showing the configuration of the display device according to the second embodiment.
  • the prism 140 is used to direct the parallel light beams emitted from the display device 100 to enter the observation regions 103R and 103L on the viewer side.
  • the configuration is different in that the prism 140 is not used.
  • the display surface is formed by the surface of the light deflection element 130 on the viewer side.
  • the light deflection element 130 that performs scanning to form an image is provided with an orientation function for making it incident on the observation regions 103R and 103L.
  • the parallel light beam emitted at the zero point (center point for image formation) of the light deflection element 130 is directed by the light deflection element 130 so as to enter the observation regions 103R and 103L on the observer side.
  • the orientation to the observation regions 103R and 103L is performed by the light deflection element 130, and the prism 130 is not required as in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views (FIG. 9: top view, FIG. 10: right side view) showing the configuration of the display device according to the third embodiment.
  • the third embodiment has a configuration that does not require the prism 130 of the first embodiment.
  • the emitted parallel light beams are directed to the observation regions 103R and 103L by the positional displacement of the LDs 111 and 111 ′ with respect to the unit lens 121.
  • the display surface is formed by the surface of the light deflection element 130 on the viewer side.
  • LDs 111 and 111 ′ located near the outside of the LD array 110 are arranged at positions deviating from the center of the optical axis of the unit lens 121 to direct the parallel light beams emitted from the unit lens 121. ing.
  • the orientation to the observation regions 103R and 103L is performed by the light deflection element 130, and the prism 130 is not required as in the first embodiment.
  • the orientation in the y-axis direction is also arranged such that the LD 111 located near the outside of the LD array 110 is arranged at a position far from the optical axis center of the unit lens 121, thereby observing the observation region 103R. , 103L.
  • the parallel light beams are directed by the positional relationship between the light deflection element 130, the unit lens, and the LDs 111 and 111 '.
  • the emitted parallel light beams are observed in the observation region 103R. , 103L can be realized by appropriately combining the configurations for directing in the first to third embodiments.
  • FIG. 11 is a sectional view (top view) showing the configuration of the display device according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the fourth embodiment is characterized by a light source unit, and divergent light to each unit lens array 121 is supplied by a multi-core optical fiber 116.
  • the display surface is formed by the surface of the light deflection element 130 on the viewer side.
  • the light source unit of the fourth embodiment includes each color LD (R) 111R, LD (G) 111G, LD (B) 111B, collimator lenses 112R, 112G, 112B, dichroic mirrors 113a, 113b, scan mirror 114, and condenser lens. 115.
  • the multi-core SM fiber (optical fiber) 116 has a cross-sectional configuration shown in FIG. That is, cores 116R, G, and B for guiding light of each color are formed in the clad 116a.
  • the position of the output end of the multi-core SM fiber 116 is fixed by a plate-like member.
  • the arrangement of the output ends of the multi-core SM fiber 116 is the same as the arrangement of the LDs in the LD array 110 of FIG.
  • the diverging light emitted from the respective colors LD 111R, 111G, and 111B is converted into parallel light by the corresponding collimator lenses 112R, 112G, and 112B under the control of the control unit 200.
  • the dichroic mirror 113a has an optical characteristic of transmitting the red parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112R and reflecting the green parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112G. Further, the dichroic mirror 113b has an optical characteristic of reflecting the blue parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112B and transmitting the light of other wavelengths.
  • each color parallel light emitted from the dichroic mirror 113b is scanned by the scan mirror 114 so as to enter the corresponding cores 116R, G, and B in the multi-core SM fiber 116.
  • a condensing lens 115 is provided between the cores 116R, G, B and the scan mirror 114 so that each color parallel light enters the cores 116R, G, B in a specific direction.
  • Each color light incident on the multi-core SM fiber 116 exposes the cross section shown in FIG. 12 at the output end, forms a point light source for each color light, and irradiates divergent light toward the lens array 120.
  • the divergent light that has entered the unit lens 121 that constitutes the lens array 120 is converted into a parallel light beam, and an image is formed by scanning the light deflection element 130.
  • the configurations after the lens array 120 can employ the various configurations described in the first to third embodiments.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view (top view) showing the configuration of the display device according to the fifth embodiment.
  • an image is formed by scanning with the light deflection element 130, whereas in this embodiment, liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ′ known as spatial light modulation elements are used.
  • the configuration differs in that an image is formed.
  • the right-eye and left-eye liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ′ are provided corresponding to the unit lenses 121 constituting the lens array 120. Further, it is preferable to use a micro display of less than 1 inch for the liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ′.
  • the control unit 200 displays an image on the plurality of right-eye liquid crystal panels 119 and left-eye liquid crystal panels 119 ′, forms an image in the parallel light flux emitted from the collimator lens 118, and forms the image.
  • the contained divergent light is emitted.
  • a parallax is provided between an image displayed by the right-eye liquid crystal panel 119 and an image displayed by the left-eye liquid crystal panel 119 ′.
  • the unit lens 121 constituting the lens array 120 converts each divergent light into a parallel light beam and emits it to the viewer side.
  • the display surface is formed by the surface of the lens array 120 on the viewer side.
  • the liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ′ are displaced with respect to the center of the optical axis of the unit lens 121 so that the parallel light beams are incident on the observation regions 103R and 103L for the right eye and the left eye. ing.
  • This is the same principle as in the third embodiment.
  • the right-eye liquid crystal panel 119 and the left-eye liquid crystal panel 119 ′ are shifted with respect to one unit lens 121, so that the right-eye liquid crystal panel 119 ′ is shifted in a different direction.
  • a parallel light beam and a parallel light beam for the left eye are emitted.
  • an image is formed using the spatial light modulation elements (liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ').
  • the liquid crystal panels 119 and 119 ′ are used as the spatial light modulation elements.
  • a self-light-emitting optical element such as an organic EL panel is used in addition to such a form. It is good to do.
  • the light source composed of the LD light source 117 and the collimator lens 118 described with reference to FIG. 13 is not required, and the apparatus configuration can be simplified.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view (top view) illustrating a configuration of a display device according to the sixth embodiment
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a state of the MEMS mirror arrangement when the display device is viewed from the front.
  • the display device 100 includes a plurality of LD units 140, a MEMS mirror array 400, a light guide plate 123, a light shielding plate 125, a beam expander array 124, a light deflection element 130, and a prism 140.
  • the physical surface of the display device 100 that is formed by the prism 140 or the light deflection element 130 and is located closest to the viewer is the display surface.
  • the MEMS mirror array 400 includes a plurality of MEMS mirrors 122 arranged on the xy plane.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an arrangement state of the MEMS mirror array 400 of the present embodiment.
  • the reflection surface of each MEMS mirror 122 is movable, and the reflection direction of incident light can be controlled.
  • the MEMS mirror 122 may not be operated. However, when a dark part of an image is formed, that is, when it is not necessary to emit light from the display device 100, the first part of FIG.
  • the light shielding plate 125 as indicated by the broken line on the lower MEMS mirror 122, it is possible to block the light reflected by the MEMS mirror 122 and improve the contrast of the image. Yes.
  • the plurality of LD units 140 constituting the light source unit include each color LD (R) 111R, LD (G) 111G, LD (B) 111B, collimator lenses 112R, 112G, 112B, and dichroic mirrors 113a, 113b.
  • FIG. 14 shows the configuration of one LD unit 140.
  • a plurality of LD units 140 are arranged in the x-axis direction as shown in FIG. 15, and each LD unit 140 is arranged in the y-axis direction. It becomes a light source for the arranged MEMS mirrors 122.
  • the diverging light emitted from the respective colors LD 111R, 111G, and 111B is converted into parallel light by the corresponding collimator lenses 112R, 112G, and 112B under the control of the control unit 200.
  • the dichroic mirror 113a has an optical characteristic of transmitting the red parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112R and reflecting the green parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112G. Further, the dichroic mirror 113b has an optical characteristic of reflecting the blue parallel light emitted from the collimator lens 112B and transmitting the light of other wavelengths.
  • Parallel light emitted from the LD unit 140 is incident on the light guide plate 123 and propagates while being reflected inside.
  • the transmittance and reflectance characteristics of the surface 123a on the viewer side of the light guide plate 123 and the surface 123b on the side of the MEMS mirror array 400 are shown in FIGS. 16 (a) and 16 (b), respectively.
  • Both the surfaces 123a and 123b have a small incident angle, that is, the transmittance of light incident at an angle close to perpendicular to the surfaces 123a and 123b is close to 100%.
  • it has a certain incident angle, it has the property that a reflectance becomes remarkably high.
  • the parallel light guided by utilizing such a property of the surface is reflected by each of the MEMS mirrors 122, passes through the light guide plate 123, and is emitted to the observer side.
  • the light reflected by the MEMS mirror 122 passes through the light guide plate 123 and then enters the beam expander array 124.
  • the beam expander array 124 is configured by arranging an optical system having a negative refractive power and an optical system having a positive refractive power in order from the light guide plate 123 side. For this reason, the beam diameter of the light incident on the beam expander array 124 is enlarged.
  • the parallel light flux whose diameter has been enlarged is scanned by the light deflector 130 under the control of the control unit 200 to form an image.
  • the parallel light flux is directed to enter the observation regions 103R and 103L of the right eye and the left eye by the prism 140 after passing through the light deflection element 130.
  • by moving the MEMS mirror 122 and controlling the reflected light to be directed to the light shielding plate 125 it is possible to reproduce the dark part of the image and improve the contrast. .
  • FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view (top view) showing the configuration of the display device according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the control unit 200 controls the MEMS mirror 122 based on the image information, and scans the light reflected by the MEMS mirror 122 to form an image. Since the configuration and arrangement of the MEMS mirror 122, the LD unit 140, and the light guide plate 123 in the present embodiment are substantially the same as those in the sixth embodiment described above, detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • the physical surface of the display device 100 located on the most observer side formed by the prism 140 or the beam expander array 125 is the display surface.
  • the MEMS mirror 122 of this embodiment is configured to be able to rotate around the x axis and rotate around the y axis. With such a configuration, it is possible to scan by deflecting incident parallel light in the x and y directions.
  • the control unit 200 controls the reflection direction of the MEMS mirror 122 based on the image information, and forms an image by causing each color LD 140R, G, and B to emit light based on the image information input from the image information generation unit 400. To do. Due to the rotation of the MEMS mirror 122, the scanned parallel light passes through the light guide plate 123 and then enters the beam expander array 125.
  • the beam expander array 125 is configured by arranging an optical system having a relatively short focal length and an optical system having a relatively long focal length in order from the light guide plate 123 side. For this reason, the beam diameter of the light incident on the beam expander array 125 is enlarged. Thereafter, the light flux is directed by the prism 140 so as to enter the observation regions 103R and 103L of the right eye and the left eye.
  • the parallel light beam emitted from the display device 100 is directed to the observation regions 103R and 103L corresponding to the left and right eyes provided on the viewer side as described in FIG. Therefore, an observer who places an eyeball in the observation regions 103R and 103L and observes can observe a virtual image in the distance.
  • an adjustment optical element may be further provided on the display surface of the display device 100 of the above embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 shows a form in which a Fresnel lens 150 is provided as an adjustment optical element on the viewer side of the display device according to the above embodiment.
  • a Fresnel lens 150 having a focal length of ⁇ 750 mm is arranged and observed at a distance of 250 mm from the Fresnel lens 150, a virtual image is observed at a distance of 1000 mm (1 m) from the observer.
  • the observer observes an image 1 m ahead, and even a myopic person can focus on the image and can clearly observe the image.
  • a Fresnel lens 150 having a positive focal length may be used for a person with hyperopia.
  • the Fresnel lens 150 is taken as an example of the adjustment optical element.
  • the optical element is not limited to this, and the same effect can be obtained if the optical element has a negative or positive focal length.
  • Such an adjustment optical element is preferably provided as an attachment structure that can be attached to and detached from the display device 100. It can be attached / detached and deflected according to the visual acuity of the observer.
  • DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Display apparatus, 101 ... Display surface, 102 ... Unit area of display surface, 103R ... Predetermined observation area of right eye, 103L ... Observation area of left eye, 110 ... LD array, 111 ... LD for right eye, 111 '... LD for left eye, 112R, G, B ... collimator lens, 113a, b ... dichroic mirror, 114 ... scan mirror, 115 ... condensing lens, 116 ... multi-core SM fiber, 116a ... clad, 116R, G, B ... core, 117 ... LD light source (RGB), 118 ... collimator lens, 119 ...

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est d'obtenir un dispositif d'affichage qui permet de voir une image virtuelle projetée depuis un emplacement distant. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un dispositif d'affichage qui comprend une face d'affichage sur laquelle une pluralité de régions unitaires sont disposées en réseau. Chaque région unitaire émet, dans des directions différentes en fonction des régions unitaires, des faisceaux lumineux parallèles qui forment une image devant être vue par un observateur, et chacune de ces régions unitaires émet également lesdits faisceaux lumineux parallèles vers des régions d'observation se trouvant à des positions prédéfinies par rapport à la face d'affichage.
PCT/JP2013/075660 2012-11-16 2013-09-24 Dispositif d'affichage Ceased WO2014077032A1 (fr)

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JP2012251890A JP6202806B2 (ja) 2012-11-16 2012-11-16 虚像表示装置
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CN110873961A (zh) * 2018-08-31 2020-03-10 成都理想境界科技有限公司 一种光纤扫描显示装置及设备、扫描方法
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JP7182334B2 (ja) * 2019-01-25 2022-12-02 三菱重工業株式会社 レーザ照射装置及びレーザ照射プログラム
EP3928143A4 (fr) * 2019-02-18 2022-11-16 Mantapoole Technologies LLC Nouveau système micro-optique actif
JP2025042692A (ja) * 2023-09-15 2025-03-28 キヤノン株式会社 測定装置および測定方法

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