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WO2014074432A1 - Compresseur centrifuge ayant des fentes à tourbillon d'entrée - Google Patents

Compresseur centrifuge ayant des fentes à tourbillon d'entrée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014074432A1
WO2014074432A1 PCT/US2013/068222 US2013068222W WO2014074432A1 WO 2014074432 A1 WO2014074432 A1 WO 2014074432A1 US 2013068222 W US2013068222 W US 2013068222W WO 2014074432 A1 WO2014074432 A1 WO 2014074432A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressor
inlet
swirl
volute
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2013/068222
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stephanie DEXTRAZE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Inc
Original Assignee
BorgWarner Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Inc filed Critical BorgWarner Inc
Publication of WO2014074432A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014074432A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
    • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/14—Preswirling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbocharger with an improved compressor and more particularly, to a compressor having swirl slots each having an inlet in a compressor volute and an outlet discharging into a compressor inlet wherein the swirl slots direct swirling flow of compressed air within the inlet and generate a pre-swirl within the inlet air prior to entry into the compressor wheel.
  • Turbochargers are provided on an engine to deliver air to the engine intake at a greater density than would be possible in a normal aspirated configuration. This allows more fuel to be combusted, thus boosting the engine's horsepower without significantly increasing engine weight.
  • turbochargers use the exhaust flow from the engine exhaust manifold, which enters the turbine housing at a turbine inlet, to thereby drive a turbine wheel, which is located in the turbine housing.
  • the turbine wheel is affixed to one end of a shaft, wherein the shaft drives a compressor wheel mounted on the other end of the shaft.
  • the turbine wheel provides rotational power to drive the compressor wheel and thereby drive the compressor of the turbocharger. This compressed air is then provided to the engine intake as
  • the compressor stage of the turbocharger comprises the compressor wheel and its associated compressor housing.
  • Filtered air is drawn axially into a compressor inlet which defines a passage extending axially to the compressor wheel.
  • Rotation of the compressor wheel forces pressurized air flow radially outwardly from the compressor wheel into the compressor volute for subsequent pressurization and flow to the engine.
  • the turbochargers require a wide compressor map width in order to cover operating conditions.
  • the invention relates to an improved compressor construction for increasing the map width at surge. This is accomplished by providing a pre-swirl flow to the compressor's inlet flow prior to entry of the inlet air into the compressor wheel .
  • the invention redirects a small portion of the compressed or pressurized air flowing through the volute back into the compressor inlet to generate a swirl flow.
  • the swirl flow is supplied to the compressor inlet upstream of the compressor wheel.
  • radial slots or swirl passages are provided in the compressor housing which passages extend from inlets in the volute to outlets that discharge into the
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a turbocharger with a compressor thereof showing inventive swirl slots or passages .
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional end view of the compressor housing showing the swirl slots.
  • a turbocharger 10 which includes a compressor 11 that defines a compressor casing 12 having a volute 14 extending circumferentially therein.
  • Turbocharger 10 further includes a turbine which is provided in combination with the compressor 11 in a conventional manner.
  • a turbine which is provided in combination with the compressor 11 in a conventional manner.
  • An example of a turbocharger is disclosed in Published Application No. US 2012/0144824A1 (Schall) , the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • the turbocharger 10 of the present invention is a turbocharger 10 of the present invention.
  • turbocharger 10 of the present invention would have the basic combination of a turbine and compressor which are joined together by bearing assembly 15 with a bearing housing 16 being illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the bearing assembly 15 rotatably supports a shaft 18 that is operatively driven by a turbine (not illustrated) of the turbocharger 10.
  • the shaft 18 is connected to and supports a compressor wheel 19 which includes a plurality of compressor vanes 20 extending circumferentially about the compressor wheel 19.
  • the vanes 20 define slots 21 which receive air on an upstream side 22 and discharge air radially outwardly from an outer wheel diameter 23 as indicated by reference arrow 24.
  • the compressor wheel 19 therefore receives air axially in the direction of reference arrow 25 as shown in Figure 1, wherein the air is supplied through a compressor inlet 26.
  • the bearing housing 16 and the compressor housing 12 define a throat 28 which opens radially from the compressor wheel 19 into the volute 14 for discharging pressurized air to the volute 14. This pressurizes air in the volute 14, wherein the compressor 11 supplies such pressurized air to the engine in a conventional manner.
  • turbochargers With respect to modern turbocharger applications, these turbochargers are increasingly being challenged to provide a wide operating range to meet various engine conditions. In some instances, turbocharger operation is limited by the compressor operating range due to surge at low mass flow conditions and choke at high mass flow conditions. Therefore it is desirable to increase the operating conditions at either surge or choke. As to the particular inventive turbocharger 10, this
  • turbocharger 10 increases the operating range of the compressor 11 at surge or under surge conditions.
  • the compressor housing 12 is designed to create swirling flow of the air entering the upstream side of the compressor 19.
  • this swirling flow of inlet air is swirled in the direction of wheel rotation which changes the inlet flow angles and thus, delays the onset of surge.
  • the compressor wheel 19 typically will be designed to rotate in a rotation direction about rotation axis 31, wherein the rotation direction is generally indicated by reference arrow 32 in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the swirling flow of inlet air is designated in Figure 2 by additional reference arrow 33.
  • turbocharger 10 Some compressors generate a swirling type of flow through several methods, such as inlet guide vanes, although such guide vanes are an expensive addition to a turbocharger system.
  • inventive turbocharger 10 provides a more efficient solution which scavenges a portion of high pressure air flow from the volute 14 and supplies or feeds this swirling flow to the compressor inlet 26 through a plurality of swirl slots or passages 34.
  • the swirl slots 34 each have an inlet port 35 at the outer radial end thereof which inlet port 35 opens radially into the volute 14 and receives pressurized air therefrom.
  • Each swirl slot 34 also includes an outlet port 36 on the radial inner end thereof, wherein the outlet port 36 opens into and discharges radially inwardly into the compressor inlet 26 at a location located axially adjacent to the upstream end face of the compressor wheel 19.
  • the swirl flow therefore has radial and circumferential flow components so as to intermix with the inlet air flow and impart a circumferentially directed swirling flow to the inlet air as the inlet air flows in the axial direction 25 toward the compressor wheel 19.
  • the outlet ports 36 are axially spaced from the compressor wheel end face 37 ( Figure 1) so as to generate the swirling flow of the inlet air before such air reaches the compressor wheel 19.
  • the swirl slots 34 are skewed at an acute angle A relative to a radial direction R extending radially outwardly from the rotation axis 31 so that each swirl slot 34 is angled and extends both radially inwardly and circumferentially .
  • each swirl slot 34 extends both radially inwardly and circumferentially between the inlet port 35 and outlet port 36, the outlet port 36 thereby is circumferentially offset relative to the inlet port 35 which generates the skewed angle A for the slots 34 relative to a radial direction R.
  • the slots 34 discharge pressurized air that has been bled or scavenged from the volute 14 in an angled direction indicated by reference arrows 38.
  • the angled direction 38 of this discharge flow from the slots 34 therefore creates the circumferential swirl within the inlet air as indicated by reference arrow 33 so that this swirling flow then improves the operating range of the compressor wheel 19 and delays surge as referenced above.
  • the swirl slots 34 can be machined into the compressor housing 12 so as to have the linear shape extending radially through the thickness of the compressor housing 12. These slots 34 are preferably maintained in a normally open condition to provide continuous flow of air therethrough.
  • a valve mechanism may be provided in each of the slots 34, which valve is diagrammatically shown in phantom outline and is identified by reference numeral 40 in Figure 2. This or another similar valve mechanism could be controlled so as to only allow flow through the slots 34 at low mass flow conditions, which thereby would minimize efficiency losses that may be associated with the flow through the slots 34 at other operating conditions.
  • the slot flow through the swirl slots 34 may be continuous or controlled.
  • the shaft 18 rotates to drive the compressor wheel 19 generally in the rotation direction 32.
  • This generates a pressurized air flow radially through the compressor throat 28 into the volute 14 in a normal manner.
  • the pressurized air within the volute 14 also is able to flow through the inlet ports 35 of the multiple swirl slots 34 wherein this slot flow then exits through outlet ports 36 into the compressor inlet 26.
  • the skewed exit and entry angles of the slot flow is indicated by flow arrows 38 and 39 and creates a swirling or spiral flow 33 within the compressor inlet 26 on the upstream side of the compressor wheel 19. This is believed to provide significant advantages over known compressor designs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un turbocompresseur 10, qui a un compresseur amélioré 11 qui génère un flux de pré-tourbillon à l'intérieur du flux d'air d'entrée avant l'entrée de l'air d'entrée dans la roue de compresseur 19, le flux de tourbillon augmentant la largeur de carte de compresseur lors de la poussée. Le compresseur 11 redirige une petite partie de l'air comprimé ou mis sous pression circulant à travers la volute 14 à nouveau dans l'entrée de compresseur 26 pour générer le flux de tourbillon. Le flux de tourbillon est acheminé à l'entrée de compresseur 26 en amont de la roue de compresseur 19 par des fentes radiales ou des passages de tourbillon, qui sont disposés dans le carter de compresseur 12. Les passages de tourbillon sont de préférence inclinés dans la direction de rotation de roue pour fournir un flux de tourbillon qui est mis sous pression et déchargé à un angle dans l'entrée de compresseur 26 de telle sorte qu'un tourbillon orienté de façon circonférentielle est formé dans le flux d'air d'entrée avant d'entrer dans le compresseur 11.
PCT/US2013/068222 2012-11-08 2013-11-04 Compresseur centrifuge ayant des fentes à tourbillon d'entrée Ceased WO2014074432A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201261723943P 2012-11-08 2012-11-08
US61/723,943 2012-11-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014074432A1 true WO2014074432A1 (fr) 2014-05-15

Family

ID=50685093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2013/068222 Ceased WO2014074432A1 (fr) 2012-11-08 2013-11-04 Compresseur centrifuge ayant des fentes à tourbillon d'entrée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014074432A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201600106889A1 (it) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-24 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Diaframma per compressore centrifugo

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040094328A (ko) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-09 홀셋 엔지니어링 컴퍼니 리미티드 압축기
US20090013689A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2009-01-15 Siegfried Sumser Compressor for an internal combustion engine
US20110088392A1 (en) * 2008-09-17 2011-04-21 Siegfried Sumser Radial compressor, particularly for an exhaust gas turbocharger of an internal combustion engine
KR20120013460A (ko) * 2009-10-16 2012-02-14 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 배기 터보 과급기의 컴프레서
US20120039702A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2012-02-16 Nicholas Kenneth Sharp compressor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040094328A (ko) * 2003-04-30 2004-11-09 홀셋 엔지니어링 컴퍼니 리미티드 압축기
US20090013689A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2009-01-15 Siegfried Sumser Compressor for an internal combustion engine
US20110088392A1 (en) * 2008-09-17 2011-04-21 Siegfried Sumser Radial compressor, particularly for an exhaust gas turbocharger of an internal combustion engine
US20120039702A1 (en) * 2008-12-23 2012-02-16 Nicholas Kenneth Sharp compressor
KR20120013460A (ko) * 2009-10-16 2012-02-14 미츠비시 쥬고교 가부시키가이샤 배기 터보 과급기의 컴프레서

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201600106889A1 (it) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-24 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Diaframma per compressore centrifugo
WO2018077691A1 (fr) * 2016-10-24 2018-05-03 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie S.r.l. Diaphragme pour compresseur centrifuge
CN110050128A (zh) * 2016-10-24 2019-07-23 诺沃皮尼奥内技术股份有限公司 用于离心式压缩机的隔膜
US10962022B2 (en) 2016-10-24 2021-03-30 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie—S.R.L. Diaphragm for a centrifugal compressor

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