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WO2014071674A1 - Convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu et circuit de détection de tension de source dudit convertisseur - Google Patents

Convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu et circuit de détection de tension de source dudit convertisseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014071674A1
WO2014071674A1 PCT/CN2012/087818 CN2012087818W WO2014071674A1 WO 2014071674 A1 WO2014071674 A1 WO 2014071674A1 CN 2012087818 W CN2012087818 W CN 2012087818W WO 2014071674 A1 WO2014071674 A1 WO 2014071674A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistor
node
bus voltage
diode
capacitor
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/087818
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张�林
付登萌
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United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
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United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd filed Critical United Automotive Electronic Systems Co Ltd
Publication of WO2014071674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014071674A1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2503—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques for measuring voltage only, e.g. digital volt meters (DVM's)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC power supply technology, in particular to a DC isolated buck converter and a bus voltage detecting circuit thereof.
  • the switching type DC/DC isolation conversion circuit adjusts the output voltage or maintains the output voltage constant by periodically controlling the on-off time or on-off frequency of the switching device (power semiconductor device), and converts the fixed DC voltage into a controlled DC. Voltage output.
  • the common switching DC/DC (DC to DC) isolation conversion circuit is shown in Figure 1. It includes a voltage conversion circuit, an isolated inverter circuit, and a rectified output circuit. The input terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to a DC voltage source Ud for control.
  • the half-bridge isolated inverter circuit is shown in FIG. 2, and the DC voltage Ui is input.
  • the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 have the same capacity and a large enough capacity, so that the potential of the two capacitor connections is half of the input DC voltage Ui.
  • the voltage across the capacitor is maintained as Ui/2
  • the driving control signal u g3 of the third switching device VT3 controls the on and off of the third switching device VT3
  • the driving control signal u g4 of the fourth switching device VT4 is controlled.
  • the on/off rule of the fourth switching device VT4, the third switching device VT3, and the fourth switching device VT4 are: each switching cycle For Ts, the first switching cycle is only for the third switching device VT3, and the fourth switching device VT4 is kept off.
  • the push-pull isolation inverter circuit is shown in FIG. 4, and similar to the half-bridge isolated inverter circuit, only the third switching device VT3 and the fourth switching device VT4 are two switching devices, and the third switching device VT3 is driven and controlled.
  • G3 controls the on/off of the third switching device VT3, and the driving control signal u g4 of the fourth switching device VT4 controls the on and off of the fourth switching device VT4, the third switching device VT3, and the fourth switching device VT4 (the two switching devices in the figure are
  • a vehicle DC/DC converter converts the voltage of a high-voltage battery (such as 250V to 430V) into a voltage of a low-voltage battery (such as 10V to 16V), and supplies power to a low-voltage load, such as a car air conditioner, an audio system, Electric windows, etc.
  • the DC/DC converter for vehicles above 1.2kW usually adopts a full-bridge isolation topology, and the secondary side is full-wave rectification. As shown in Fig. 5, the positive end of the high-voltage battery is connected to the first switch tube through the high-voltage bus.
  • the third switch tube Q3, the negative end of the high voltage battery is connected to the second switch tube Q2 and the fourth switch tube Q4 through the ground line, the bus capacitor C is connected between the high voltage bus and the ground line, and the primary winding of the isolation transformer T is connected to the first switch tube.
  • Q1 between the junction of the second switching transistor Q2 and the junction of the third switching transistor Q3 and the fourth switching transistor Q4, the second switching transistor Q2 in each cycle
  • the third switch tube Q3 is alternately turned on with the first switch tube Q1 and the fourth switch tube Q4, and the conduction time is adjustable.
  • the voltage applied to the primary winding of the isolation transformer is an alternating square wave whose amplitude is the high voltage Ui of the high voltage battery.
  • the two ends of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer are connected to the ground respectively.
  • the fifth rectifier switch tube Q5 and the sixth rectifier switch tube Q6, the middle tap of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer is connected to the ground through the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1, and the connection end of the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 is connected to the positive end of the low voltage battery, and the negative terminal of the low voltage battery is grounded.
  • the connection end of a capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 serves as a low-voltage output terminal of the full-bridge isolated DC converter, and outputs a low-voltage Uo to the low-voltage battery.
  • the control circuit of each switch tube in the circuit is supplied with a working voltage by a low-voltage small-power auxiliary power source.
  • the power of the low-voltage small-power auxiliary power source is generally several watts to several tens of watts, and the circuit topology can be forward, flyback, and the like.
  • the bus voltage detection mode of the common DC isolated buck converter is obtained directly by the resistor divider on the high voltage side. Since the control circuit chip works on the low voltage side, high voltage and low voltage isolation must be performed from the perspective of vehicle safety, in order to ensure high voltage. Isolated from the low voltage, the bus voltage detection signal obtained by the resistor divider on the high voltage side needs to be transmitted to the low voltage side control chip through the AD (analog to digital conversion) chip and the isolation chip, and the power supply for the AD chip and the isolation chip needs to be increased. , The bus voltage detection method of the common DC isolated buck converter has high cost and complicated circuit.
  • the present invention provides a DC isolated buck converter including an isolation transformer, a rectifier circuit, and a bus voltage detection circuit;
  • the bus voltage detecting circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a first input end, and a second input end;
  • the first input end and the second input end are respectively connected to upper and lower ends of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer of the DC isolation buck converter;
  • the second resistor and the second diode are connected in series between the second input end and the first node; the negative end of the second diode is on the first node side, and the positive end is in the first Two input side;
  • the first node is used by the digital control circuit to detect the bus voltage of the DC isolated buck converter.
  • the third diode is positively terminated to the first node, and the negative terminal is connected to the second node;
  • the second capacitor and the fourth resistor are connected in parallel between the second node and the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit;
  • the ninth resistor is connected to the gate of the second NMOS switch tube
  • the tenth resistor is connected to the second node at the other end;
  • the fifth Zener diode is connected in series with the second resistor and the second diode between the second input terminal and the first node, and the positive terminal of the fifth Zener diode is on the first node side, negative The end is on the second input side.
  • the fourth capacitor is connected to the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit
  • the rectifier circuit includes a fifth NMOS rectifier switch tube and a sixth NMOS rectifier switch tube;
  • the drains of the first NMOS switch tube and the third NMOS switch tube are connected to the high voltage side bus bar;
  • the present invention provides a bus voltage detecting circuit for a DC isolated buck converter, which includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a third resistor, and a first Capacitor, first input end, second input end;
  • the first resistor and the first diode are connected in series between the first input end and the first node; the negative end of the first diode is on the first node side, and the positive end is in the first An input side;
  • the second resistor and the second diode are connected in series between the second input end and the first node; the negative end of the second diode is on the first node side, and the positive end is in the first Two input side;
  • the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit is used for connecting the negative terminal of the DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter
  • the first node is used by the digital control circuit to detect the bus voltage of the DC isolated buck converter.
  • the bus voltage detecting circuit further includes a third diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a first comparator, a first transistor, a second NMOS switch, a fourth resistor, and a fifth resistor. a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor;
  • the second capacitor and the fourth resistor are connected in parallel between the second node and the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit;
  • the fifth resistor is connected between the second node and the negative input of the first comparator
  • the sixth resistor is connected between the first node and the positive input of the first comparator
  • the seventh resistor is connected between the first comparator output and the first pole of the first transistor
  • the third capacitor is connected to the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit at the other end;
  • the ninth resistor is connected to the gate of the second NMOS switch tube
  • the second NMOS switch tube has a source connected to the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit and a drain connected to one end of the tenth resistor;
  • the second node is used for an analog control circuit or a digital control circuit to detect a bus voltage of a DC isolated buck converter.
  • the bus voltage detecting circuit further includes a fourth Zener diode and a fifth Zener diode;
  • the fourth Zener diode is connected in series with the first resistor and the first diode between the first input terminal and the first node, and the positive terminal of the fourth Zener diode is on the first node side, negative The end is on the first input end side;
  • the fifth Zener diode is connected in series with the second resistor and the second diode between the second input terminal and the first node, and the positive terminal of the fifth Zener diode is on the first node side, negative The end is on the second input side.
  • the bus voltage detecting circuit further includes an eleventh resistor and a fourth capacitor;
  • the eleventh resistor has one end connected to the second node and the other end connected to one end of the fourth capacitor;
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of a common push-pull isolated inverter circuit
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of a bus voltage detecting circuit of the DC isolated buck converter of the present invention.
  • the isolation transformer T, the upper and lower ends of the secondary winding are respectively connected to the two input ends of the rectifier circuit, and the intermediate tap of the secondary winding is used for connecting the positive terminal of the DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter;
  • the rectifier circuit has an output end for receiving a negative terminal of a DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter
  • the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in parallel between the first node 13 and the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit;
  • the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit is used for connecting the negative terminal of the DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter
  • the DC-isolated buck converter of the first embodiment the PWM of the secondary side of the transformer is modulated by resistor divider and diode rectification (pulse width modulation) The positive and negative AC signals of the wave signal are converted into one-way PWM pulse signals.
  • the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1 are connected in series between the first input terminal 11 and the first node 13 , and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is on the first node 13 side.
  • the positive end is on the side of the first input end 11;
  • the seventh resistor R7 is connected between the output end of the first comparator A1 and the first pole of the first transistor (the base of the NPN transistor or the gate of the NMOS switch);
  • the second node is used for an analog control circuit or a digital control circuit to detect a high voltage side bus voltage of the DC isolated buck converter.
  • the voltage of the third capacitor is low (by adjusting the values of the eighth resistor R8 and the third capacitor C3, the voltage across the third capacitor C3 is lower than 0.5V), so the second NMOS switch in the discharge loop
  • the voltage of the second node 14 rises following the peak voltage of the first node 13 rises; when the first comparator A1 outputs a low level, it indicates that the positive terminal peak voltage of the third diode D3 is subtracted from the third pole
  • the forward voltage drop of the tube D3 is less than the negative terminal voltage.
  • the first transistor is turned off, and the voltage across the third capacitor C3 is charged to the high level by the working power source (such as 5V) through the eighth resistor R8, and the first in the discharge loop
  • the two NMOS switch tubes are turned on, and the voltage of the second node 14 follows the first node. 13
  • the peak voltage is lowered and lowered, and the voltage of the negative terminal of the third diode D3 is followed by the peak value of the positive terminal voltage in real time, so that it can be applied to the DC isolation buck converter of the digital control circuit through a specific sampling strategy.
  • the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the ground of the bus voltage detecting circuit at the other end;
  • two voltage-stabilizing tubes are respectively connected in series at the two input ends of the bus voltage detecting circuit of the DC-isolated buck converter for reducing the quiescent current flowing through the bus voltage detecting circuit of the low-voltage battery.
  • the rectifier circuit includes a fifth NMOS rectifier switch Q5 and a sixth NMOS rectifier switch Q6;
  • the busbar capacitor is connected between the high voltage side busbar and the high voltage side ground;
  • the drains of the first NMOS switch transistor Q1 and the third NMOS switch transistor Q3 are connected to the high voltage side bus bar;
  • connection point of the first NMOS switch tube Q1 and the second NMOS switch tube Q2 is connected to a lower end of the primary winding of the isolation transformer T;
  • the fifth NMOS rectifier switch Q5 has a drain connected to a lower end of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer T, and a source connected to a negative terminal of a DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter;
  • the sixth NMOS rectifier switch tube Q6 The drain is connected to the upper end of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer T, and the source is connected to the negative terminal of the DC voltage output of the DC isolation buck converter;
  • the second switch tube Q2 and the third switch tube Q3 are alternately turned on with the first switch tube Q1 and the fourth switch tube Q4, and the on-time is adjustable;
  • a diode is respectively connected between the source and the drain of the first NMOS switch transistor Q1, the second NMOS switch transistor Q2, the third NMOS switch transistor Q3, and the fourth NMOS switch transistor Q4, and the positive terminal of the diode is connected to the source of the NMOS switch transistor. , the negative terminal is connected to the drain of the NMOS switch tube;
  • the middle tap of the secondary winding of the isolation transformer is connected to the ground through an inductor and a capacitor.
  • the connection end of the inductor and the capacitor serves as the positive terminal of the DC voltage output of the DC isolated buck converter, and outputs a low voltage DC voltage to the low voltage battery.
  • the control circuit of each switch tube in the circuit is supplied with a working voltage by a low voltage small power auxiliary working power source.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu et un circuit de détection de tension de source dudit convertisseur. Le circuit de détection réalise la détection de la tension de source d'un convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu en détectant la tension côté secondaire d'un transformateur d'isolation, pour que l'isolation d'une haute tension et d'une basse tension puisse être réalisée sans puce d'isolation supplémentaire. Le circuit est simple, et le coût est bas. Le circuit de détection peut également seulement extraire la tension au point maximum d'un signal de forme d'onde PWM par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit matériel sous forme de signal analogique, de sorte que la tension de source du côté à haute tension du convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu puisse être détectée par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de commande numérique, et la tension de source du côté à haute tension du convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu puisse être détectée par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de commande analogique également.
PCT/CN2012/087818 2012-11-09 2012-12-28 Convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu et circuit de détection de tension de source dudit convertisseur Ceased WO2014071674A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210445829.3A CN102946199B (zh) 2012-11-09 2012-11-09 直流隔离降压变换器及其母线电压检测电路
CN201210445829.3 2012-11-09

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014071674A1 true WO2014071674A1 (fr) 2014-05-15

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PCT/CN2012/087818 Ceased WO2014071674A1 (fr) 2012-11-09 2012-12-28 Convertisseur dévolteur d'isolation de courant continu et circuit de détection de tension de source dudit convertisseur

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CN (1) CN102946199B (fr)
WO (1) WO2014071674A1 (fr)

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