WO2014069207A1 - 正極活物質および正極並びに非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
正極活物質および正極並びに非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/45—Phosphates containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/74—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by peak-intensities or a ratio thereof only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- lithium secondary battery As a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, a lithium secondary battery has been put into practical use and is widely spread. Furthermore, in recent years, lithium secondary batteries are attracting attention not only as small-sized batteries for portable electronic devices but also as large-capacity devices for power storage such as in-vehicle use, solar power generation systems and nighttime power storage. Yes. Therefore, demands for safety, cost, life, etc. are higher.
- a layered transition metal oxide typified by lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) is used as the positive electrode active material.
- the layered transition metal oxide easily causes oxygen desorption at a relatively low temperature of about 150 ° C. in a fully charged state, and the thermal desorption reaction of the battery can occur due to the oxygen desorption. Therefore, when a battery having such a positive electrode active material is used for a portable electronic device, there is a risk that an accident such as heat generation or ignition of the battery may occur.
- lithium-containing composite oxide such as lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ), which has a stable olivine structure and has an olivine structure that is safer than LiCoO 2 is expected. Since lithium iron phosphate does not contain cobalt having a low crustal abundance, there is also an advantage that it is relatively inexpensive. In addition, lithium iron phosphate has an advantage that it is structurally more stable than the layered transition metal oxide.
- lithium iron phosphate itself has low electronic conductivity, there is a problem that current cannot be sufficiently extracted when used as an active material.
- a method for imparting conductivity to lithium iron phosphate for example, lithium iron phosphate containing carbon is manufactured by firing by a solid phase method, and the surface of the obtained lithium iron phosphate particles is heated.
- a method of imparting conductivity to the inside and the surface of lithium iron phosphate particles using a two-stage thermal process in which carbon is deposited by CVD Patent Document 1.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a positive electrode active material that gives higher rate characteristics and discharge capacity, a positive electrode using the positive electrode active material, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the present inventors have intensively studied and found that in powder X-ray diffraction measurement, a lithium iron phosphate compound having a specific diffraction peak intensity has excellent rate characteristics and discharge capacity.
- the positive electrode of the present invention is characterized by including at least the positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention is characterized by having a positive electrode containing the positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator.
- a positive electrode active material a positive electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that have conductivity and provide higher rate characteristics and discharge capacity.
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 2.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 3.
- FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 4.
- FIG. 6 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of a positive electrode active material in Example 5.
- FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a positive electrode active material of Example 2.
- FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of
- the positive electrode active material of the present invention contains a lithium iron phosphate compound that can be represented by the following general formula (1).
- M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Sn and Y.
- X is at least one element selected from Si and Al.
- b is 0 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, and c is 0 ⁇ c ⁇ 1.
- b is 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 1, c is 0.05 ⁇ c ⁇ 1, more preferably b is 0.05 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.25 and / or c is 0.10 ⁇ c ⁇ 0.50, more preferably b is 0.075 ⁇ b ⁇ 0.25 and / or c is 0.15 ⁇ .
- the volume change rate becomes small and the discharge The capacity tends to be small. Accordingly, for the selected M, the values of b and c can be determined so as to increase the discharge capacity.
- a can take a numerical value in the range of 0 ⁇ a ⁇ 1 depending on the state of charge / discharge.
- the full width at half maximum reflects the size of the crystallite size.
- the full width at half maximum is greater than 0.48 (that is, when the particle diameter is large)
- the rate characteristics are thought to deteriorate due to an increase in the lithium diffusion distance.
- the half width is less than 0.31 (that is, when the particle size is small), the olivine structure suitable for lithium insertion / extraction is insufficient. It is considered that the discharge capacity becomes small.
- ⁇ / ⁇ is in the range of 0.870 to 0.895.
- the peak intensity ratio ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) is close to 1, since there is almost no distortion in the crystal structure and any Li element has the same binding energy with respect to the adjacent element, Li ions are specifically produced. It is believed that there is no conducting Li conduction path.
- the peak intensity ratio ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) is 0.870 to 0.895, the crystal structure is distorted with respect to a specific surface, so that a conductive path that preferentially diffuses Li is formed preferentially. It is thought that capacity and rate characteristics were obtained. If the peak intensity ratio ( ⁇ / ⁇ ) is less than 0.870, it can be considered that the crystal structure is further distorted and the Li ion path is not sufficiently secured.
- lithium iron phosphate compound used in the present invention include those represented by the following general formula. Li a Fe 1-x M x P 1-y Si y O 4 (2) As specific examples of the composition ratios a, x, and y, those shown in Table 1 below can be used.
- the method for producing the lithium iron phosphate compound represented by the general formula (1) includes mixing a lithium source, an iron source and a phosphorus source as raw materials, and optionally mixing the M element and / or the X element in a solid phase.
- a step hereinafter referred to as a mixing step
- a step of mixing a substance serving as a carbon source into the obtained mixed powder hereinafter referred to as a carbon source mixing step
- a step of firing the obtained carbon source-containing mixed powder (Hereinafter referred to as a firing step).
- a conductive lithium iron phosphate compound can be produced by a single firing, so that the two-step thermal process of firing and thermal CVD is not required as in Patent Document 1, and the production cost is reduced. Can be reduced.
- lithium source inorganic lithium salts, hydroxides, organic acid salts, metal alkoxides, and hydrates of these salts can be used.
- inorganic salt lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) which is a salt with a weak acid (hereinafter referred to as a weak acid salt), lithium nitrate (hereinafter referred to as a strong acid salt) with a strong acid.
- LiNO 3 lithium nitrate
- LiCl lithium chloride
- organic salt include weak acetates such as lithium acetate (CH 3 COOLi) and lithium oxalate (COOLi) 2 .
- metal alkoxide examples include lithium methoxide (LiOCH 3 ), lithium ethoxide (LiOC 2 H 5 ), lithium-n-propoxide (LiO-n-C 3 H 7 ), lithium-i-propoxide (LiO). -i-C 3 H 7 ), lithium-n-butoxide (LiO-n-C 4 H 9 ), lithium-t-butoxide (LiO-t-C 4 H 9 ), lithium-sec-butoxide (LiO-sec -C 4 H 9), and the like. Hydrate may be sufficient about an inorganic salt and organic salt. Lithium acetate or lithium nitrate is preferred.
- iron source substance inorganic iron salts, hydroxides, organic acid salts, metal alkoxides, and hydrates of these salts can be used.
- iron (II) carbonate (Fe (CO 3 )) which is a weak acid salt
- iron nitrate (II) (Fe (NO 3 ) 2 ) which is a strong acid salt
- iron (III) nitrate Mention may be made of Fe (NO 3 ) 3 ), iron (II) chloride (FeCl 2 ) and iron (III) chloride (FeCl 3 ).
- iron (II) oxalate FeC 2 O 4
- iron (III) oxalate Fe 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3
- iron (II) acetate Fe
- CH 3 COO 2
- iron (III) acetate Fe (CH 3 COO) 3
- hydrates of iron (II) oxalate FeC 2 O 4
- FeC 2 O 4 hydrates of iron (II) oxalate
- zirconium source inorganic salts of zirconium, organic acid salts, metal alkoxides, and hydrates of these salts can be used.
- ZrO (CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 is used as the organic acid salt, and zirconium methoxide (Zr (OCH 3 ) 4 ), zirconium ethoxide (Zr (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 ), zirconium- n-propoxide (Zr (On-C 3 H 7 ) 4 ), zirconium-i-propoxide (Zr (O-i-C 3 H 7 ) 4 ), zirconium-n-butoxide (Zr (O— n-C 4 H 8) 4 ), zirconium -t- butoxide (Zr (O-t-C 4 H 8) 4), zirconium -sec- butoxide (Zr (O-t-C 4 H 8) 4) , etc.
- Zirconium halides are preferable, and among them, zirconium chloride is preferable.
- phosphorus source examples include phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), ammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 ), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 ), and the like. . Among these, ammonium hydrogen phosphate is preferable.
- silicon metal alkoxide As the silicon source material, silicon metal alkoxide can be used. Specific examples include tetraethoxysilane (Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 4 ), tetramethoxysilane (Si (OCH 3 ) 4 ), methyltriethoxysilane (CH 3 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 ), methyltri Various types such as methoxysilane (CH 3 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ), ethyl methoxysilane (C 2 H 5 Si (OCH 3 ) 3 ), ethyltriethoxysilane (C 2 H 5 Si (OC 2 H 5 ) 3 ), etc.
- the silicon alkoxide can be mentioned. Further, SiO 2 that is a fired product of metal alkoxide can also be used. Among these, tetraethoxysilane or tetramethoxysilane is preferable.
- the mixing method is dry mixing, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, a planetary ball mill, a ball mill, a bead mill, a vibration mill, a pin mill, an atomizer, a homogenizer, a rotor mill, a roller mill, a hammer mill, and a jet mill. Further, heating, cooling, and atmosphere control can be performed as necessary.
- the average particle size of the mixed powder is 0.01 to 10.0 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m.
- Examples of the carbon source used in the carbon source mixing step include saccharides, fats and oils, and synthetic resin materials.
- saccharide sucrose, fructose and the like can be used.
- synthetic resin material polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, and the like can be used. Saccharose is preferable, and sucrose is particularly preferable.
- the amount of the carbon source is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the starting material for the lithium iron phosphate compound. When the amount is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the conductivity of the lithium iron phosphate compound is insufficient, and when the amount is more than 10 parts by weight, the insertion / extraction of lithium ions is inhibited and the capacity is reduced.
- the firing step is performed in a temperature range of 400 to 700 ° C. for 1 to 24 hours.
- an atmosphere during firing an inert atmosphere (an atmosphere such as argon, nitrogen, or vacuum) or a reducing atmosphere (an atmosphere such as a hydrogen-containing inert gas or carbon monoxide) can be used.
- the mixed powder may be agitated, and when a toxic gas such as NO x , SO x , or chlorine is generated during firing, a removal device may be provided.
- the obtained lithium iron phosphate may be adjusted to a desired particle size by being subjected to a pulverization step and / or a classification step, if necessary.
- the positive electrode can be produced using a known method.
- a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder can be kneaded and dispersed using an organic solvent to obtain a paste, and the paste can be applied to a current collector.
- the conductive material is not necessarily added.
- Binders include polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene propylene diene polymer, styrene-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, fluoro rubber, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene, nitrocellulose, and styrene. Butadiene rubber or the like can be used. If necessary, a thickener such as carboxymethylcellulose can also be used.
- acetylene black natural graphite, artificial graphite, needle coke, or the like can be used.
- a foamed (porous) metal having continuous pores a metal formed in a honeycomb shape, a sintered metal, an expanded metal, a nonwoven fabric, a plate, a perforated plate, a foil, or the like can be used.
- organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, toluene, cyclohexane, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl acetate, methyl acrylate, diethyltriamine, N, N-dimethylaminopropylamine, ethylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, etc. are used. be able to.
- water-soluble binder water can be used as a solvent.
- the thickness of the positive electrode is preferably about 0.01 to 20 mm. If it is too thick, the conductivity is lowered, and if it is too thin, the capacity per unit area is lowered.
- the positive electrode obtained by coating and drying may be compacted by a roller press or the like in order to increase the packing density of the active material.
- the amount of the positive electrode active material present per unit area of the current collector is 30 mg / cm 2 or more, preferably 30 mg / cm 2 to 60 mg / cm 2 . If it is less than 30 mg / cm 2 , cracking tends to occur, which is not preferable.
- the negative electrode can be produced by a known method. For example, a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material are mixed, the obtained mixed powder is formed into a sheet shape, and the obtained molded body is pressure-bonded to a current collector, for example, a mesh current collector made of stainless steel or copper. Can be produced. Further, it can be prepared using a water slurry as in the case of the positive electrode. In that case, at least the negative electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder are kneaded and dispersed with water to obtain a slurry, and the slurry is collected. It can be produced by applying to the body. A conductive material may be added as necessary.
- a known material can be used as the negative electrode active material.
- the potential at which lithium is inserted / desorbed is close to the deposition / dissolution potential of metallic lithium.
- a typical example is a carbon material such as natural or artificial graphite in the form of particles (scale-like, lump-like, fibrous, whisker-like, spherical, pulverized particles, etc.).
- artificial graphite examples include graphite obtained by graphitizing mesocarbon microbeads, mesophase pitch powder, isotropic pitch powder, and the like. Also, graphite particles having amorphous carbon attached to the surface can be used. Among these, natural graphite is preferable because it is inexpensive and close to the redox potential of lithium and can constitute a high energy density battery.
- lithium transition metal oxide lithium transition metal nitride, transition metal oxide, silicon oxide, and the like can be used as the negative electrode active material.
- Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 is preferable because it has high potential flatness and a small volume change due to charge and discharge.
- Nonaqueous electrolyte for example, an organic electrolyte, a gel electrolyte, a polymer solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, a molten salt, or the like can be used.
- organic solvent constituting the organic electrolyte examples include cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate.
- cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), and butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethyl methyl carbonate, and dipropyl carbonate.
- Chain carbonates such as ⁇ -butyrolactone (GBL), lactones such as ⁇ -valerolactone, furans such as tetrahydrofuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxy
- Examples include ethers such as ethane, ethoxymethoxyethane, dioxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, acetonitrile, methyl formate, methyl acetate, and the like. It can be used by mixing.
- cyclic carbonates such as PC, EC and butylene carbonate are high-boiling solvents, they are suitable as a solvent to be mixed with GBL.
- Examples of the electrolyte salt constituting the organic electrolyte include lithium borofluoride (LiBF 4 ), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3 ), lithium trifluoroacetate (LiCF 3 COO) ), Lithium salts such as lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfone) imide (LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ), and a mixture of one or more of these can be used.
- the salt concentration of the electrolytic solution is preferably 0.5 to 3 mol / L.
- Separator As a separator, well-known materials, such as a porous material and a nonwoven fabric, can be used. As a material for the separator, a material that does not dissolve or swell in the organic solvent in the electrolytic solution is preferable. Specific examples include polyester polymers, polyolefin polymers (for example, polyethylene and polypropylene), ether polymers, and glass fibers.
- the secondary battery includes, for example, a laminate including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator sandwiched between them.
- the laminate may have, for example, a strip-like planar shape. In the case of producing a cylindrical or flat battery, the laminate may be wound to form a wound body.
- One or more of the laminates are inserted into the battery container.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to the external conductive terminal of the battery. Thereafter, the battery container is sealed to block the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator from the outside air.
- the sealing method is generally a method in which a lid having a resin packing is fitted into the opening of the battery container and the battery container and the lid are caulked.
- a method of attaching a lid called a metallic sealing plate to the opening and performing welding can be used.
- a method of sealing with a binder and a method of fixing with a bolt via a gasket can also be used.
- a method of sealing with a laminate film in which a thermoplastic resin is attached to a metal foil can also be used.
- An opening for electrolyte injection may be provided at the time of sealing. When using an organic electrolyte, the organic electrolyte is injected from the opening, and then the opening is sealed. Gas generated by energization before sealing may be removed.
- the starting material was weighed so as to be 1.
- the starting material and 10 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were placed in a zirconia pot and mixed using a ball mill apparatus (manufactured by Gokin Planeting) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for 1 hour.
- Sucrose dissolved in water was added to the obtained mixed powder of the starting material so that the solid content was 53% by weight, and after drying, mixed in a mortar.
- the obtained precursor was baked at 550 ° C. for 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. 1A. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was pulverized in an agate mortar. About 80% by weight of the obtained pulverized product, about 10% by weight of acetylene black (Denka Black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) as a conductive material, and about 10% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a binder Kureha KF polymer).
- acetylene black Diska Black manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- polytetrafluoroethylene powder Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the mixture was dissolved and dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (manufactured by Kishida Chemical Co., Ltd.) to form a slurry, which was applied to both surfaces of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m by the doctor blade method.
- the coating amount was about 5 mg / cm 2 . After the coating film was dried, it was cut so that the electrode application surface was 2 cm ⁇ 2 cm and pressed to produce a positive electrode (total thickness 30 ⁇ m).
- negative electrode active material natural graphite powder (lithium ion battery negative electrode material MAG manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. About 10% by weight of Teflon resin powder was mixed with this negative electrode active material as a binder. This mixture is dissolved and dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to form a slurry, which is applied to both sides of a copper foil having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, dried and then pressed to produce a negative electrode (total thickness 30 ⁇ m). did.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode produced as described above were cut out to a size of 30 mm ⁇ 30 mm, and the current introduction terminal of the secondary battery was an aluminum tab having a width of 3 mm and a length of 50 mm for the positive electrode, a width of 3 mm for the negative electrode, A copper tab having a length of 50 mm was welded to prepare a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- a polyolefin resin microporous membrane separator (Hypopore manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.) was sandwiched between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the obtained laminate is sandwiched between two laminated metal foils laminated with a thermoplastic resin as a battery exterior, and the battery exterior is then thermally welded except for the electrolyte injection opening. Sealed.
- the battery thus fabricated was charged and discharged in an environment of 25 ° C.
- the capacity of the battery was determined by charging to 3.6 V at a constant current of 0.1 C and discharging to 2 V at a constant current of 0.1 C (hereinafter referred to as 0.1 C capacity).
- the rate characteristic was defined by [(1.0 C capacity / 0.1 C capacity) ⁇ 100 (%)].
- the 1.0 C capacity was determined by charging to 3.6 V with a constant current of 0.1 C and discharging to 2 V with a constant current of 1.0 C. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Example 2 Synthesis of positive electrode active material
- a positive electrode active material was synthesized by the same method as in Example 1 except that 1 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were used in ball mill mixing.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- Example 3 Synthesis of positive electrode active material 0.4 g of lithium acetate as the Li source, FeC 2 O 4 .2H 2 O as the iron source, (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as the phosphorus source, ZrO (CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 as the zirconium source, silicon source
- the starting material and 10 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were placed in a zirconia pot and mixed using a ball mill apparatus (manufactured by Gokin Planeting) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for 1 hour.
- Sucrose dissolved in water was added to the obtained mixed powder of the starting material so that the solid content was 53% by weight, and after drying, mixed in a mortar.
- the obtained precursor was baked at 550 ° C. for 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- Example 4 A positive electrode active material was synthesized in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 1 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were used in ball mill mixing.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- FIG. Synthesis of positive electrode active material
- Li source FeC 2 O 4 .2H 2 O as the iron source
- (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as the phosphorus source
- ZrO (CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 zirconium source
- the starting material and 10 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were placed in a zirconia pot and mixed using a ball mill apparatus (manufactured by Gokin Planeting) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for 1 hour.
- Sucrose dissolved in water was added to the obtained mixed powder of the starting material so that the solid content was 53% by weight, and after drying, mixed in a mortar.
- the obtained precursor was baked at 550 ° C. for 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a positive electrode active material.
- 10 parts by weight of acetylene black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the obtained positive electrode active material, and mixed at 400 rpm for 1 hour using a ball mill device (manufactured by Gokin Planetaring Co., Ltd.).
- a positive electrode active material was obtained.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- the starting material was weighed so as to be 1.
- the starting material and 10 mm ⁇ zirconia balls were placed in a zirconia pot and mixed using a ball mill apparatus (manufactured by Gokin Planeting) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for 1 hour.
- the obtained mixed powder of starting materials was baked at 550 ° C. for 12 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a baked powder.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. The results are shown in FIG. 1B. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- Reference Example 1 A positive electrode active material was synthesized by the same method as in Example 1 except that Li 2 CO 3 , Fe 3 O 4 and (NH 4 ) H 2 PO 4 were used as starting materials.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- Reference Example 2 A positive electrode active material was synthesized by the same method as in Example 1 except that Li 2 CO 3 , FeC 2 O 4 .2H 2 O and (NH 4 ) H 2 PO 4 were used as starting materials.
- the obtained positive electrode active material was subjected to powder X-ray diffraction measurement using a powder X-ray diffractometer MiniFlex II manufactured by Rigaku Corporation. It was confirmed that there were no peaks attributed to impurities such as raw material and ZrO 2 . Table 2 shows the intensity, intensity ratio, and half width of the diffraction peak.
- Comparative Example 1 is lower in both 0.1 C capacity and 1 C capacity than Examples 1 to 5, and its rate characteristic is 81%, which is lower than that of the example exceeding 93%.
- Reference Examples 1 and 2 are cases where the starting materials are different from Example 1, the intensity ratio of the diffraction peaks specified in the present invention is outside the scope of the present invention, and 0.1 C capacity and 1 C capacity, and The rate characteristic was also lower than that in Example 1.
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Abstract
Description
(正極活物質)
本発明の正極活物質は、以下の一般式(1)で表すことができるリン酸鉄リチウム化合物を含む。
LiaFe1-bMbP1-cXcO4 (1)
ここで、MはZr、SnおよびYからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の元素である。Mの一部を上記の元素で置換することにより、充放電の繰り返し(リチウム挿入脱離)時に生じるリン酸鉄リチウム化合物の体積変化を抑制できる。特に、Zrを選択することで、より一層体積変化を抑制することができる。なお、FeとZrは種々の価数を取り得るが、一般式(1)中のbを規定するための価数は、平均値を意味する。
LiaFe1-xMxP1-ySiyO4 (2)
上記組成比a、x、yの具体例としては下記の表1にあらわされるものを用いることができる。
上記一般式(1)のリン酸鉄リチウム化合物を製造する方法は、原料物質となるリチウム源、鉄源およびリン源、必要に応じて上記のM元素および/またはX元素を固相状態で混合する工程(以下、混合工程という。)、得られた混合粉に炭素源となる物質を混合する工程(以下、炭素源混合工程という。)、および得られた炭素源含有混合粉を焼成する工程(以下、焼成工程)を少なくとも含む。この方法によれば、1回の焼成で導電性を有するリン酸鉄リチウム化合物を製造することができるので、特許文献1のように焼成と熱CVDの2段階の熱プロセスが不要となり、製造コストの低減が可能となる。なお、原料物質となるリチウム源、鉄源、リン源、M元素および/またはX元素の選択については、上記の通り、2θ=17.2±0.5度、2θ=20.8±0.5度および2θ=25.6±0.5度における回折ピーク強度比が、それぞれ29~37、70~80および85~94の範囲に入るリン酸鉄リチウム化合物を与える原料を選択する必要がある。
リチウム源となる物質には、リチウムの無機塩、水酸化物、有機酸塩、金属アルコキシドおよびこれら塩の水和物を用いることができる。具体的には、無機塩としては、弱酸との塩(以下、弱酸塩という。)である炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3)、強酸との塩(以下、強酸塩という。)である硝酸リチウム(LiNO3)、塩化リチウム(LiCl)を挙げることができる。また、有機塩としては、弱酸塩である、酢酸リチウム(CH3COOLi)、シュウ酸リチウム(COOLi)2を挙げることができる。また、金属アルコキシドとしては、リチウムメトキシド(LiOCH3)、リチウムエトキシド(LiOC2H5)、リチウム-n-プロポキシド(LiO-n-C3H7)、リチウム-i-プロポキシド(LiO-i-C3H7)、リチウム-n-ブトキシド(LiO-n-C4H9)、リチウム-t-ブトキシド(LiO-t-C4H9)、リチウム-sec-ブトキシド(LiO-sec-C4H9)等を挙げることができる。無機塩および有機塩については、水和物であってもよい。酢酸リチウムまたは硝酸リチウムが好ましい。
鉄源となる物質には、鉄の無機塩、水酸化物、有機酸塩、金属アルコキシドおよびこれら塩の水和物を用いることができる。鉄源としては、無機塩として、弱酸塩である炭酸鉄(II)(Fe(CO3))、強酸塩である硝酸鉄(II)(Fe(NO3)2)、硝酸鉄(III)(Fe(NO3)3)、塩化鉄(II)(FeCl2)および塩化鉄(III)(FeCl3)を挙げることができる。また、有機塩としては、弱酸塩である、シュウ酸鉄(II)(FeC2O4)、シュウ酸鉄(III)(Fe2(C2O4)3)、酢酸鉄(II)(Fe(CH3COO)2)および酢酸鉄(III)(Fe(CH3COO)3)を挙げることができる。これらの中でも、シュウ酸鉄(II)(FeC2O4)の水和物が好ましい。
ジルコニウム源となる物質には、ジルコニウムの無機塩、有機酸塩、金属アルコキシドおよびこれら塩の水和物を用いることができる。ジルコニウム源としては、無機塩として、ジルコニウムハロゲン化物である塩化ジルコニウム(ZrCl4)、臭化ジルコニウム(ZrBr4)、ヨウ化ジルコニウム(ZrI4)、オキシジルコニウム塩である、オキシ塩化ジルコニウム(ZrOCl2)、オキシ硝酸ジルコニウム(ZrO(NO3)2)を挙げることができる。また、有機酸塩として、ZrO(CH3CO2)2を、金属アルコキシドとしては、ジルコニウムメトキシド(Zr(OCH3)4)、ジルコニウムエトキシド(Zr(OC2H5)4)、ジルコニウム-n-プロポキシド(Zr(O-n-C3H7)4)、ジルコニウム-i-プロポキシド(Zr(O-i-C3H7)4)、ジルコニウム-n-ブトキシド(Zr(O-n-C4H8)4)、ジルコニウム-t-ブトキシド(Zr(O-t-C4H8)4)、ジルコニウム-sec-ブトキシド(Zr(O-t-C4H8)4)等を挙げることができる。好ましくはジルコニウムハロゲン化物、その中でも塩化ジルコニウムが好ましい。
リン源となる物質には、リン酸(H3PO4)、リン酸水素アンモニウム((NH4)2HPO4)、リン酸二水素アンモニウム(NH4H2PO4)等を挙げることができる。これらの中でも、リン酸水素アンモニウムが好ましい。
シリコン源となる物質には、シリコンの金属アルコキシドを用いることができる。具体例としては、テトラエトキシシラン(Si(OC2H5)4)、テトラメトキシシラン(Si(OCH3)4)、メチルトリエトキシシラン(CH3Si(OC2H5)3)、メチルトリメトキシシラン(CH3Si(OCH3)3)、エチルメトキシシラン(C2H5Si(OCH3)3)、エチルトリエトキシシラン(C2H5Si(OC2H5)3)等の種々のシリコンアルコキシドを挙げることができる。また、金属アルコキシドの焼成物であるSiO2を用いることもできる。これらの中でも、テトラエトキシシランあるいはテトラメトキシシランが好ましい。
正極は、公知の方法を用いて作製することができる。例えば、正極活物質と導電材とバインダーとを有機溶剤を用いて混練分散してペーストを得、該ペーストを集電体に塗布することによって作製できる。なお、得られたリチウム含有複合酸化物が十分に高い導電性を有する場合には、導電材は必ずしも添加する必要はない。
(負極)
負極は公知の方法により作製できる。例えば、負極活物質とバインダーと導電材とを混合し、得られた混合粉末をシート状に成形し、得られた成形体を集電体、例えばステンレスまたは銅製のメッシュ状集電体に圧着して作製できる。また、正極の場合と同様に水スラリーを用いて作製することができ、その場合、少なくとも、負極活物質と導電材とバインダーを水を用いて混練分散してスラリーを得、該スラリーを集電体に塗布することによって作製できる。必要に応じて、導電材を添加してもよい。
非水電解質としては、例えば、有機電解液、ゲル状電解質、高分子固体電解質、無機固体電解質、溶融塩等を用いることができる。
セパレータとしては、多孔質材料や不織布等の公知の材料を用いることができる。セパレータの材質としては、電解液中の有機溶媒に対して溶解したり膨潤したりしないものが好ましい。具体的には、ポリエステル系ポリマー、ポリオレフィン系ポリマー(例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン)、エーテル系ポリマー、ガラス繊維等を挙げることができる。
電池容器のような他の部材についても公知の各種材料を使用でき、特に制限はない。
二次電池は、例えば、正極と負極と、それらの間に挟まれたセパレータとからなる積層体を備えている。積層体は、例えば短冊状の平面形状を有していてもよい。また、円筒型や扁平型の電池を作製する場合は、積層体を巻き取って巻回体としてもよい。
(正極活物質の合成)
Li源である酢酸リチウムを0.4gとして、鉄源としてFeC2O4・2H2O、リン源として(NH4)2HPO4を、それぞれモル比でLi:Fe:P=1:1:1となるように秤量して出発原料とした。出発原料と10mmφのジルコニアボールをジルコニアポットに入れ、ボールミル装置(Gokin Planetaring社製)を用い、回転数は400rpmで1時間混合した。水に溶かしたスクロースを、得られた出発原料の混合粉に対して固形分が53重量%となるように添加し、乾燥後、乳鉢で混合した。得られた前駆体を、窒素雰囲気下、550℃で12時間焼成し、正極活物質を得た。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図1Aに示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
得られた正極活物質を用いて以下の方法で、二次電池を作製した。
得られた正極活物質をメノウ乳鉢にて粉砕した。得られた粉砕物約80重量%と、導電材として約10重量%のアセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社製デンカブラック)と、結着剤として約10重量%のポリテトラフルオロエチレン粉末(呉羽化学社製クレハKFポリマー)とを混合した。
(正極活物質の合成)
ボールミル混合において、1mmφのジルコニアボールを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法により正極活物質を合成した。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図2に示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
(正極活物質の合成)
Li源である酢酸リチウムを0.4gとして、鉄源としてFeC2O4・2H2O、リン源として(NH4)2HPO4を、ジルコニウム源としてZrO(CH3CO2)2、シリコン源としてSiO2を、それぞれモル比でLi:Fe:Zr:P:Si=1:0.95:0.05:0.9:0.1となるように秤量して出発原料とした。出発原料と10mmφのジルコニアボールをジルコニアポットに入れ、ボールミル装置(Gokin Planetaring社製)を用い、回転数は400rpmで1時間混合した。水に溶かしたスクロースを、得られた出発原料の混合粉に対して固形分が53重量%となるように添加し、乾燥後、乳鉢で混合した。得られた前駆体を、窒素雰囲気下、550℃で12時間焼成し、正極活物質を得た。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図3に示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
ボールミル混合において、1mmφのジルコニアボールを用いた以外は、実施例3と同様の方法により正極活物質を合成した。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図4に示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
(正極活物質の合成)
Li源である酢酸リチウムを0.4gとして、鉄源としてFeC2O4・2H2O、リン源として(NH4)2HPO4を、ジルコニウム源としてZrO(CH3CO2)2、シリコン源としてSiO2を、それぞれモル比でLi:Fe:Zr:P:Si=1:0.95:0.05:0.9:0.1となるように秤量して出発原料とした。出発原料と10mmφのジルコニアボールをジルコニアポットに入れ、ボールミル装置(Gokin Planetaring社製)を用い、回転数は400rpmで1時間混合した。水に溶かしたスクロースを、得られた出発原料の混合粉に対して固形分が53重量%となるように添加し、乾燥後、乳鉢で混合した。得られた前駆体を、窒素雰囲気下、550℃で12時間焼成し、正極活物質を得た。得られた正極活物質100重量部対してアセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社製)を10重量部混合し、ボールミル装置(Gokin Planetaring社製)を用いて、400rpmで1時間混合し、アセチレンブラックを表面に担時させた正極活物質を得た。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図5に示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
(正極活物質の合成)
Li源である酢酸リチウムを0.4gとして、鉄源としてFeC2O4・2H2O、リン源として(NH4)2HPO4を、それぞれモル比でLi:Fe:P=1:1:1となるように秤量して出発原料とした。出発原料と10mmφのジルコニアボールをジルコニアポットに入れ、ボールミル装置(Gokin Planetaring社製)を用い、回転数は400rpmで1時間混合した。得られた出発原料の混合粉を、窒素雰囲気下、550℃で12時間焼成して焼成粉を得た。水に溶かしたスクロースを、得られた焼成粉に対して固形分が53重量%となるように添加し、乾燥後、乳鉢で混合した。得られた混合粉を、窒素雰囲気下、550℃で12時間焼成し、正極活物質を得た。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。結果を図1Bに示す。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
出発原料に、Li2CO3、Fe3O4および(NH4)H2PO4を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法により正極活物質を合成した。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
出発原料に、Li2CO3、FeC2O4・2H2Oおよび(NH4)H2PO4を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法により正極活物質を合成した。
得られた正極活物質について、株式会社理学社製粉末X線回折装置MiniFlex IIを用いて粉末X線回折測定を行った。原料物質やZrO2等の不純物に帰属されるピークがないことを確認した。回折ピークの強度、強度比、半値幅を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- 線源にCu-Kα線を用いた粉末X線回折測定において、2θ=35.6±0.5度における回折ピーク強度を100としたとき、2θ=17.2±0.5度、2θ=20.8±0.5度および2θ=25.6±0.5度における回折ピーク強度比が、それぞれ29~37、70~80および85~94である回折ピークを有するリン酸鉄リチウム化合物を含む正極活物質。
- さらに、2θ=29.7±0.5度における回折ピーク強度比が85~94である請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 上記の2θ=29.7±0.5度における回折ピークの半値幅が0.31~0.48である請求項2記載の正極活物質。
- 上記の2θ=35.6±0.5度における回折ピークの半値幅が0.35~0.46である請求項1記載の正極活物質。
- 上記の2θ=25.6±0.5度と2θ=29.7±0.5度における回折ピーク強度をそれぞれαとβとしたとき、β/αが0.870~0.895の範囲にある請求項2記載の正極活物質。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質と、導電材と、バインダーとを少なくとも含む正極。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質を含む正極と、負極と、電解質と、セパレータとを有する非水電解質二次電池。
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| US14/437,869 US20150303472A1 (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-10 | Positive electrode active material, and positive electrode and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
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| PCT/JP2013/077606 Ceased WO2014069207A1 (ja) | 2012-10-31 | 2013-10-10 | 正極活物質および正極並びに非水電解質二次電池 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150303472A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5957536B2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2014069207A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105118969A (zh) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-02 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 一种提高磷酸铁锂正极材料倍率性能的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20160344029A1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-11-24 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd | Electrode material, method of manufacturing electrode material, electrode, and lithium ion secondary battery |
| CN114068918B (zh) * | 2020-08-06 | 2024-08-06 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 磷酸铁锂正极活性材料及其制备方法及电池 |
| CN119275251A (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2025-01-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | 正极活性材料及其制备方法、电池单体和用电装置 |
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| WO2008105490A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Santoku Corporation | オリビン型構造を有する化合物、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2009032678A (ja) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-02-12 | Gs Yuasa Corporation:Kk | 正極活物質および非水電解質電池 |
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| BRPI0919655B1 (pt) * | 2008-10-22 | 2019-04-24 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Fosfato de ferro e lítio tipo olivina, mistura de cátodo, bateria de lítio secundária e método para preparar o fosfato de ferro e lítio |
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2013
- 2013-10-10 WO PCT/JP2013/077606 patent/WO2014069207A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-10-10 JP JP2014544407A patent/JP5957536B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-10-10 US US14/437,869 patent/US20150303472A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| JP2007207637A (ja) * | 2006-02-03 | 2007-08-16 | Gs Yuasa Corporation:Kk | 非水電解質電池用リン酸鉄リチウム化合物及びその製造方法 |
| WO2008105490A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Santoku Corporation | オリビン型構造を有する化合物、非水電解質二次電池用正極、非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2009032678A (ja) * | 2007-06-29 | 2009-02-12 | Gs Yuasa Corporation:Kk | 正極活物質および非水電解質電池 |
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| CN105118969A (zh) * | 2015-10-08 | 2015-12-02 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 一种提高磷酸铁锂正极材料倍率性能的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5957536B2 (ja) | 2016-07-27 |
| JPWO2014069207A1 (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
| US20150303472A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
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