WO2014069262A1 - 基地局装置、端末装置および無線通信システム - Google Patents
基地局装置、端末装置および無線通信システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014069262A1 WO2014069262A1 PCT/JP2013/078378 JP2013078378W WO2014069262A1 WO 2014069262 A1 WO2014069262 A1 WO 2014069262A1 JP 2013078378 W JP2013078378 W JP 2013078378W WO 2014069262 A1 WO2014069262 A1 WO 2014069262A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for performing multiuser multiple input multiple output transmission.
- MIMO Multiple input multiple output
- the amount of improvement in frequency utilization efficiency by the MIMO technology is proportional to the number of transmission / reception antennas.
- the number of receiving antennas that can be arranged in the terminal device is limited.
- Multi-User-MIMO MU-MIMO
- MU-MIMO Multi-User-MIMO
- IUI inter-user-interference
- the base station device pre-multiplies a linear filter calculated based on the propagation path information notified from each terminal device.
- linear precoding that suppresses the IUI is employed.
- MU-MIMO technology using nonlinear precoding in which nonlinear processing is performed on the base station apparatus side is attracting attention.
- the terminal device If the terminal device is capable of modulo operation, it can add a perturbation vector whose element is a complex number (perturbation term) obtained by multiplying an arbitrary Gaussian integer by a constant real number to the transmitted signal. It becomes.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Vector perturbation (VP) described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Tomlinson Harashima Precoding (THP) described in Non-Patent Document 2 are well known as methods capable of realizing optimal transmission characteristics.
- VP Vector perturbation
- THP Tomlinson Harashima Precoding
- the accuracy of precoding largely depends on the precision of propagation path information (Channel state information (CSI)) that can be grasped by the base station apparatus.
- CSI propagation path information
- the base station apparatus feeds back CSI estimated by the terminal apparatus to the base station apparatus, so that the base station apparatus I can grasp it.
- an error may occur between the CSI that can be grasped by the base station apparatus and the actual CSI. This will be briefly described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a sequence chart showing a state of communication between a base station apparatus that performs precoding and a terminal apparatus.
- the base station apparatus transmits a reference signal for estimating CSI to the terminal apparatus (step S1). Further, the base station apparatus generates transmission data and a demodulation reference signal (step S2). Since the reference signal is known to the base station device and the terminal device, the terminal device can estimate the CSI based on the received reference signal (step S3).
- the terminal apparatus converts the estimated CSI into information that can be notified to the base station apparatus, and notifies the base station apparatus (step S4).
- Examples of information that can be notified include information obtained by directly quantizing estimated information into digital information, and a number indicating a code described in a code book shared by a base station device and a terminal device.
- the base station apparatus restores the CSI from the notified information, but an error still occurs between the restored CSI and the true CSI.
- a quantization error an error between the true CSI and the CSI that can be finally grasped by the base station apparatus is referred to as a quantization error.
- the base station apparatus performs precoding based on the restored CSI (step S5), but transmits data to the terminal apparatus (step S6).
- the terminal apparatus When receiving data from the base station apparatus, the terminal apparatus performs propagation path estimation for demodulation (step S7), performs channel equalization (spatial signal detection processing) (step S8), and demodulates transmission data (step S9).
- a certain processing delay time also called a round trip delay or a process delay
- the terminal apparatus estimates the CSI and before the base station apparatus performs precoding processing and transmits a signal.
- an error occurs between the CSI in which the precoded signal propagates and the CSI estimated by the terminal device.
- the CSI error that occurs depending on the time selectivity of the propagation path is referred to as a time variation error, and the quantization error and the time variation error are collectively referred to as a feedback error. Since the CSI that can be grasped by the base station apparatus includes a feedback error, it is extremely difficult for the base station apparatus to acquire a highly accurate CSI.
- FIG. 10 is a sequence chart showing a state of communication between a base station apparatus that performs precoding and a terminal apparatus.
- time division duplexing uplink transmission and downlink transmission are separated by time and transmitted.
- the uplink transmission signal includes a reference signal for signal demodulation, and the base station apparatus acquires CSI from the reference signal and performs signal demodulation (step T2).
- the base station apparatus precodes the downlink transmission signal.
- the base station apparatus since there is duality between the uplink propagation path and the downlink propagation path, the base station apparatus previously acquired the CSI obtained for demodulating the uplink transmission signal. Based on the above, precoding can be performed (step T3). Then, data is transmitted to the terminal device (step T4). On the other hand, in the terminal device, propagation path estimation and downlink signal demodulation are performed (step T5).
- a plurality of uplink transmission signals and a plurality of downlink transmission signals are alternately transmitted. Therefore, a signal transmitted in the second half of a plurality of downlink transmission signals.
- the analog circuit of the base station device and the terminal device does not have duality, so the uplink CSI and the downlink CSI are not necessarily the same. .
- the CSI error generated in this way is also generally referred to as a feedback error below.
- Non-Patent Document 3 For the purpose of improving the transmission characteristics of precoding transmission in an environment where the influence of the feedback error of CSI is large as described above, in Non-Patent Document 3, the received signal subjected to precoding is a terminal.
- the terminal device re-estimates the propagation path information at the time when it is received by the device, and performs transmission based on feedback error by performing appropriate channel equalization processing on the received signal again based on the propagation path information. Methods for improving the deterioration of characteristics are discussed.
- the method according to Non-Patent Document 3 assumes a case in which only one data stream is sent to each terminal device, and precoding considers only linear precoding.
- Non-Patent Document 3 In order to achieve high frequency utilization efficiency in a transmission system based on nonlinear precoding, it is necessary to cope with the deterioration of transmission characteristics caused by CSI feedback error.
- a plurality of data streams cannot be transmitted to each terminal device, and applicable precoding is limited to linear precoding. That is, in reality, a method for improving the deterioration of transmission characteristics due to feedback error in the case where a plurality of data streams are transmitted to each terminal apparatus and nonlinear precoding is performed is still unclear.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a base station device and a terminal device that can improve the deterioration of transmission characteristics due to feedback errors in a wireless communication system that performs nonlinear precoding.
- the purpose is to do.
- the base station apparatus of the present invention is a base station apparatus that includes a plurality of antennas, performs non-linear precoding on signals addressed to a plurality of terminal apparatuses, and performs spatial transmission to perform radio transmission.
- Perturbation that searches for perturbation vectors that suppress inter-user interference received by the plurality of terminal devices, using a propagation path information acquisition unit that acquires the propagation path information and a linear filter generated based on the propagation path information A vector search unit; and a transmission signal generation unit that calculates a transmission signal vector based on the generated linear filter, the perturbation vector, and the transmission data vector.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches for the perturbation vector from perturbation term candidate points expressed using a predetermined number of Gaussian integers, Alternatively, the second method of searching for the perturbation vector for suppressing inter-user interference received by at least one terminal device of the plurality of terminal devices is performed.
- the perturbation vector search unit is configured to perform the first based on at least one of a modulation scheme, a coding rate, and the propagation path information applied to the signal. Or the second method is used simultaneously or selectively.
- the perturbation vector search unit periodically assigns terminal apparatuses for suppressing the inter-user interference from the plurality of terminal apparatuses in time or frequency domain. To do.
- the propagation path information acquisition unit performs first propagation based on control information associated with the first propagation path information notified from the plurality of terminal apparatuses.
- path information based on the first propagation path information, error information between the first propagation path information and the control information or the first propagation path information and the signal as a radio signal Error information between the propagation path and the second propagation path information of the propagation path is acquired.
- the propagation path information acquisition unit performs first propagation based on control information associated with the first propagation path information notified from the plurality of terminal apparatuses. While acquiring path information, error information between the first propagation path information and the control information notified from the plurality of terminal devices, or the first propagation path information and the signal propagate as a radio signal. Error information with respect to the second propagation path information of the propagation path is acquired.
- the signal is subjected to nonlinear precoding based on the first propagation path information and the error information.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses inter-user interference received by a terminal apparatus having a large error information.
- the terminal device of the present invention is a terminal device that receives a wireless signal that is subjected to nonlinear precoding and spatially multiplexed from a base station device including a plurality of antennas, and refers to a data signal from the wireless signal.
- the propagation path estimation unit that estimates the first propagation path information with the base station apparatus based on the reference signal, and the base channel information from the first propagation path information
- a feedback information generating unit that generates control information associated with the first propagation path information to be notified to a station apparatus; and a radio transmitting unit that transmits the control information to the base station apparatus, and the feedback information generation
- the unit generates error information between the first propagation path information and the control information.
- the feedback information generation unit includes second propagation path information between the base station device through which the data signal received at the first time or frequency is propagated, and And generating error information between the first propagation path information estimated based on the reference signal received at a second time or frequency.
- the wireless communication system of the present invention includes the base station device described in (1) above and the plurality of terminal devices described in (9) above.
- the present invention in a wireless communication system that performs non-linear precoding, it is possible to improve the deterioration of transmission characteristics due to feedback error, which can contribute to a significant improvement in frequency utilization efficiency.
- FIG. 6 is a complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms as candidates by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms as candidates by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms as candidates by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms as candidates by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is another complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is another complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is another complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is another complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- 10 is another complex plan view for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the apparatus structure of the antenna part 29 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the terminal device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the terminal antenna part 51 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a sequence chart showing the mode of communication between the base station apparatus which performs precoding, and a terminal device. It is a sequence chart showing the mode of communication between the base station apparatus which performs precoding, and a terminal device.
- a T is a transpose of matrix A
- a H is an adjoint (Hermitian transpose) matrix of matrix A
- a -1 is an inverse of matrix A
- a + is a pseudo (or general) of matrix A )
- diag (A) is a diagonal matrix obtained by extracting only the diagonal component of matrix A
- floor (c) is the maximum whose real part and imaginary part do not exceed the values of the real part and imaginary part of complex number c, respectively.
- E [x] is an ensemble average of a random variable x
- abs (c) is a function that returns the amplitude of a complex number c
- angle (c) is a function that returns a declination of a complex number c
- x% y represents the remainder when the integer x is divided by the integer y
- n C m represents the total number of combinations for selecting different m pieces from different n pieces.
- [A; B] represents a matrix obtained by combining two matrices A and B in the row direction
- [A, B] represents a matrix obtained by combining the matrices A and B in the column direction.
- Z [i] represents a set of all Gaussian integers.
- a Gaussian integer represents a complex number in which the real part and the imaginary part are each represented by an integer.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a radio communication system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a terminal device 2 having N t reception antennas and N r reception antennas for a base station device 1 (also referred to as a radio transmission device) capable of nonlinear precoding.
- the number of reception antennas and the number of ranks differ for each terminal device 2. It doesn't matter. Further, as long as U ⁇ L ⁇ N t and L ⁇ N r are satisfied, the number of ranks and the number of receiving antennas do not need to be the same.
- orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM
- OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
- signal processing described below is performed for each subcarrier.
- the duplex method is assumed to be Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).
- the base station apparatus 1 acquires channel state information (Channel State Information (CSI)) to each terminal apparatus 2 from the control information notified from each terminal apparatus 2, and based on the propagation path information, the base station apparatus 1 sub-transmits the transmission data. It is assumed that precoding is performed for each carrier.
- CSI Channel State Information
- CSI between the base station device 1 and the terminal device 2 is defined.
- a quasi-static frequency selective fading channel is assumed.
- quasi-static means that the propagation path does not vary within one OFDM signal.
- the complex channel gain of the carrier is h u, m, n (k, t)
- the channel matrix H (k, t) is defined as shown in Equation (1).
- h u (k, t) represents an N r ⁇ N t matrix composed of complex channel gains observed by the u th terminal apparatus 2-u.
- CSI refers to a matrix composed of complex channel gains.
- a spatial correlation matrix or a matrix in which linear filters described in a code book shared in advance between the base station apparatus 1 and each terminal apparatus are regarded as CSI, and signal processing described later can be performed.
- the base station device 1 displays a matrix in which eigenvectors are arranged as CSI. May be considered.
- the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u estimates CSI hu (k, t 1 ) at time t 1, performs quantization, and notifies the base station apparatus 1 of it.
- CSI that the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u actually notifies the base station apparatus 1 is defined as h FB, u (k, t 1 ).
- h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is a matrix of N r ⁇ N t as well as h u (k, t 1 ), but it is not necessarily required to be N r ⁇ N t. Absent.
- the u terminal device 2-u to a receiving antenna of the N r this is considered the case so as to notify only CSI about (N r -1) receive antennas.
- h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is a matrix of (N r ⁇ 1) ⁇ N t .
- the base station apparatus 1 may perform transmission signal processing such as precoding, which will be described later, assuming that the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u has (N r ⁇ 1) reception antennas.
- the eigenvectors will be a column vector of the element number N t is the N t exist.
- the eigenvector calculated here includes a vector that can be a linear filter that directs a null beam to the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u.
- the u-th terminal device 2-u can also perform control so as to notify an arbitrary number of column vectors among a plurality of eigenvectors.
- the base station apparatus 1 assumes that the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u has Q reception antennas. Transmission signal processing such as precoding described later may be performed.
- the method by which the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u notifies h FB, u (k, t 1 ) to the base station apparatus 1 is not limited to anything.
- a specific example of the notification method will be described later.
- the base station apparatus 1 can ideally grasp h FB, u (k, t 1 ) represented by an N r ⁇ N t matrix.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the base station apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the base station apparatus 1 includes a channel encoding unit 21, a data modulation unit 23, a mapping unit 25, a precoding unit 27, an antenna unit 29, a control information acquisition unit 31, and a propagation. And a road information acquisition unit 33.
- Precoding unit 27 is the number of subcarriers N c
- the antenna unit 29 is present respectively by the number of transmit antennas N t.
- the control information acquisition unit 31 acquires control information notified from each connected terminal device 2, and outputs information associated with the propagation path information to the propagation path information acquisition unit 33.
- the propagation path information acquisition unit 33 acquires h FB, u (k, t 1 ) notified from each terminal device 2 based on the information input from the control information acquisition unit 31. Then, propagation path information acquiring unit 33, h FB, based on the u (k, t 1), calculates the equation (2) represented by quantized channel matrix H FB (k, t 1) .
- H FB (k, t 1 ) is a U ⁇ N t matrix.
- the propagation path information acquisition unit 33 outputs the calculated H FB (k, t 1 ) to the precoding unit 27.
- the data modulation unit 23 performs digital data modulation such as QPSK and 16QAM.
- the data modulation unit 23 inputs the data signal subjected to data modulation to the mapping unit 25.
- the mapping unit 25 performs mapping (also referred to as scheduling or resource allocation) in which each data is allocated to a specified radio resource (also referred to as resource element or simply resource).
- the radio resource mainly refers to frequency, time, code, and space.
- the radio resource to be used is determined based on the reception quality observed by the terminal apparatus 2, the orthogonality of the propagation path between the spatially multiplexed terminals, and the like. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that radio resources to be used are determined in advance and can be grasped by both the base station apparatus 1 and each terminal apparatus 2.
- the mapping unit 25 also performs multiplexing of a known reference signal sequence for performing propagation path estimation in each terminal device 2.
- the reference signals addressed to each terminal device 2 are multiplexed so as to be orthogonal to each other so that they can be separated in the received terminal device 2.
- the reference signal is multiplexed with two reference signals, CSI-reference signal (CSI-RS) that is a reference signal for channel estimation and Demodulation reference signal (DMRS) that is a specific reference signal for demodulation.
- CSI-RS CSI-reference signal
- DMRS Demodulation reference signal
- another reference signal may be further multiplexed.
- the CSI-RS is for estimating the CSI observed in each terminal device 2
- the DMRS is for estimating the propagation path information reflecting the result of precoding described later.
- the mapping unit 25 maps the data signal, DMRS, and CSI-RS so that they are transmitted at different times or frequencies.
- the mapping unit 25 arranges the CSI-RS so as to be orthogonal between the transmission antennas. In addition, the mapping unit 25 arranges DMRSs so as to be orthogonal between terminal apparatuses and associated data streams. The mapping unit 25 inputs the mapped data information or the like to the corresponding subcarrier precoding unit 27.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a device configuration of the precoding unit 27 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the precoding unit 27 includes a linear filter generation unit 27-1, a perturbation vector search unit 27-2, and a transmission signal generation unit 27-3.
- the signal processing of the pre-coding unit 27 will be described with respect to the transmission data to be transmitted at time t 2. It is assumed that t 2 > t 1 .
- the subcarrier index k and the time indexes t 1 and t 2 are omitted.
- the precoding unit 27 first calculates a linear filter W for suppressing IUI in the linear filter generation unit 27-1.
- the calculation method of the linear filter W is not limited to anything.
- ⁇ is a control term for controlling the size of the residual IUI.
- the linear filter generation unit 27-1 determines ⁇ based on transmission power, the number of spatially multiplexed terminals, desired reception quality, and the like.
- ⁇ may be set to the reciprocal of the average received signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) per terminal device.
- the linear filter generation unit 27-1 may calculate a linear filter W that minimizes the sum of the mean square errors of a plurality of subcarriers. In the above description, the linear filter generation unit 27-1 calculates the linear filter W for each subcarrier. However, the same linear filter may be used for a plurality of subcarriers. The linear filter generation unit 27-1 outputs the calculated linear filter W to the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 and the transmission signal generation unit 27-3, respectively.
- s ⁇ Wd multiplied by the power normalization coefficient ⁇ for making the transmission power constant becomes the transmission signal vector.
- the power normalization coefficient ⁇ is given by equation (3).
- the linear filter W can be made an orthogonal matrix by appropriately combining the terminal devices 2 that are spatially multiplexed by the base station device 1. However, since such control reduces the fairness of the communication opportunity of each terminal device 2, it is desirable not to limit the combination of the terminal devices 2. Further, when the number of terminal devices 2 connected to the base station device 1 is small, there may be no combination of the terminal devices 2 in which the linear filter W is an orthogonal matrix. As a method of avoiding an increase in required transmission power, a method of adding a perturbation term to transmission data can be considered. Precoding on the premise that a perturbation term is added to transmission data is called nonlinear precoding.
- the perturbation term is expressed as a complex number obtained by multiplying a predetermined real number 2 ⁇ by an arbitrary Gaussian integer.
- the terminal device 2 performs signal processing called modulo operation (also called modulo operation or remainder operation) on the received signal, so that the perturbation term can be removed.
- the real number 2 ⁇ is also called a modulo width and may be any value as long as it is shared between the base station apparatus 1 and the terminal apparatus.
- the base station device 1 searches for perturbation terms that can maximize the power normalization term ⁇ from innumerable perturbation terms and adds them to the transmission data, so that the reception quality is always constant regardless of the combination of the terminal devices 2. Can keep.
- the perturbation term to be searched by the base station apparatus 1 is to minimize the required transmission power, but when the desired frequency utilization efficiency and reception quality are preset, It is sufficient to explore perturbation terms that can achieve the desired quality.
- the base station apparatus 1 searches for the perturbation term in all subcarriers. However, it is not necessary to search for the perturbation term for some subcarriers.
- the perturbation term search method of the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the conventional method will be described.
- U terminal apparatuses 2 are connected to the base station apparatus 1
- the total number of transmission data to be spatially multiplexed is U, and a perturbation term can be added to each.
- the perturbation term because can be selected from any of Gaussian integers, even if the number of selectable Gaussian integers as restricted to the K, also and in K U as a total combination of perturbation terms that can be added to the transmission data, Exploring everything is not realistic.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 outputs the calculated perturbation vector to the transmission signal generation unit 27-3.
- the transmission signal generation unit 27-3 performs transmission based on the linear filter W calculated by the linear filter generation unit 27-1, the perturbation vector z calculated by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2, and the transmission data vector d.
- the signal vector s ⁇ W (d + 2 ⁇ z) is calculated. Note that the power normalization term ⁇ at this time is newly calculated in consideration of the perturbation vector z. In the following, the linear filter is considered including the power normalization term ⁇ .
- the received signal when the perturbation vector is searched based on the conventional method will be described.
- the received signal that the u-th terminal apparatus 2 observes on the k-th subcarrier (notation is omitted) at time t 2 is represented by Expression (5). Will be given. However, description of noise is omitted.
- the first term is a desired signal component
- the second term is an inter-user interference (IUI) component.
- IUI inter-user interference
- the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u can ideally notify h u (t 2 ) to the base station apparatus 1, it is possible to suppress the IUI by the precoding process of the base station apparatus 1.
- the u-th terminal device 2-u can notify h FB, u (t 1 ) calculated based on h u (t 1 ) estimated at time t 1 . Since the linear filter calculated by the linear filter generation unit 27-1 of the base station apparatus 1 is based on h FB, u (t 1 ), the IUI caused by the transmission signal transmitted at time t 2 cannot be suppressed. . That is, it is virtually impossible for the base station apparatus 1 to set the IUI to 0 even in MU-MIMO transmission to which precoding is applied.
- the base station apparatus 1 estimates the propagation path matrix with the terminal apparatus 2 from the reference signal included in the uplink transmission signal, and pre-processes the downlink transmission signal based on the propagation path matrix. Apply coding.
- the channel matrix estimated by the base station apparatus 1 based on the reference signal of the uplink transmission and the signal subjected to the precoding are actually There is at least a time variation error between the propagation path matrix and the propagation path matrix. Therefore, also in the TDD system, the IUI cannot be completely set to 0 as in the FDD system.
- the IUI includes propagation path information at the current time, a linear filter W, and transmission data addressed to the other terminal apparatus 2.
- a perturbation term added to the transmission data addressed to the other terminal apparatus 2 is further added. Therefore, even if precoding is performed based on the same quantization channel matrix, the average IUI power of nonlinear precoding is larger than that of linear precoding. Therefore, when the feedback error is large, the transmission characteristics of nonlinear precoding are inferior to linear precoding.
- An object of the present invention is to reduce degradation of transmission characteristics of nonlinear precoding under such an environment.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 searches for a perturbation vector that satisfies Equation (4).
- a perturbation term that can be a candidate for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 is an arbitrary Gaussian integer. Therefore, if the power normalization term ⁇ can be maximized, an extremely large value may be used for the perturbation term added to the transmission data addressed to each terminal device 2. However, as described above, the perturbation term added in this way emphasizes the IUI observed in each terminal device 2.
- FIG. 4A to 4D are complex plan views for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4A shows perturbation term candidates in the conventional method, and the candidate points (indicated by ⁇ in the figure) extend over the entire complex plane.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example of a perturbation term candidate in the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4B, in the present embodiment, the perturbation term candidates do not spread over the entire complex plane, but only 5 points of 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0, 1, j, ⁇ 1, ⁇ j ⁇ .
- the value of the power normalization term ⁇ is smaller than when the perturbation term candidates shown in FIG. 4A are used. End up. That is, the received signal-to-noise power ratio (Signal-to-Noise power ratio (SNR)) is lowered.
- SNR Signal-to-Noise power ratio
- the power of the perturbation term added to the transmission data addressed to each terminal device 2 is small, the power of the IUI observed in each terminal device 2 can be reduced as compared with the conventional method. In other words, the received signal-to-interference power ratio (SIR) is improved.
- the most desirable method is to improve both SNR and SIR. Limiting the number of perturbation term candidates improves SIR while reducing SNR. However, in an environment where a feedback error exists, the influence on the transmission characteristics is more dominant in the SIR. Therefore, the method according to the present embodiment can realize better transmission characteristics than the conventional method.
- the method of restricting perturbation term candidates is not limited to the method of FIG. 4B.
- a method of making the perturbation term candidate point more restrictive or a limitation that slightly increases the number of perturbation term candidate points may be given.
- the SNR is proportional and the SIR is inversely proportional to the number of perturbation term candidates. Therefore, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the base station apparatus 1 may control the number of perturbation term candidate points according to the required quality of the communication system.
- the required quality and the number of perturbation term candidate points may be associated in advance by computer simulation or the like.
- FIGS. 5A to 5D are other complex plan views for explaining perturbation terms that are candidates for the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- This is a technique of changing the restriction method given to the perturbation term candidates by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 according to the quadrant in which transmission data to which the perturbation term is added exists on the complex plane.
- FIG. 5A shows perturbation term candidate points when transmission data exists in the first quadrant
- FIG. 5B shows the second quadrant
- FIG. 5C shows the third quadrant
- FIG. 5D shows the fourth quadrant.
- a circle indicates a perturbation term candidate point.
- the perturbation term candidates are 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0, ⁇ 1, ⁇ j, ⁇ 1 ⁇ j, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 2j ⁇ , and the transmission data is in the second quadrant. 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0, 1, -j, 1-j, 2, -2j ⁇ as perturbation term candidates.
- the perturbation term added to the transmission data is more likely to exist in the point target quadrant than the quadrant in which the transmission data exists. Yes.
- a decrease in SNR can be reduced as compared with a case where the number of perturbation term candidate points is simply limited.
- the number of perturbation term candidate points in each quadrant may be determined according to the required quality and the like, as in FIGS. 4A to 4D.
- the transmission signal generation unit 27-3 transmits the transmission signal based on the linear filter W calculated by the linear filter generation unit 27-1, the perturbation vector 2 ⁇ z calculated by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2, and the transmission data vector d.
- a vector s W (d + 2 ⁇ z) is calculated.
- transmission power normalization is performed for each subcarrier.
- the transmission signal generator 27-3 performs power normalization so that the total transmission power of a plurality of subcarriers and OFDM signals is constant. You may do.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 may search for the perturbation vector z in consideration of the total required transmission power of a plurality of subcarriers and OFDM signals.
- the transmission signal vector calculated by the transmission signal generation unit 27-3 is input to the antenna unit 29 as the output of the precoding unit 27.
- the precoding process is not performed, and only the transmission power is adjusted and output to the antenna unit 29.
- the power normalization term ⁇ is preferably the same as that multiplied by the data signal. For this reason, data signals subjected to DMRS and precoding may be collectively controlled to normalize transmission power.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a device configuration of the antenna unit 29 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna unit 29 includes an IFFT unit 29-1, a GI insertion unit 29-2, a wireless transmission unit 29-3, a wireless reception unit 29-4, and an antenna 29-5. It consists of In each antenna unit 29, first, the IFFT unit 29-1 performs N c -point inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) or inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) on the signal output from the corresponding precoding unit 27. ) To generate an OFDM signal having N c subcarriers and input it to the GI insertion unit 29-2.
- IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
- IDFT inverse discrete Fourier transform
- the GI insertion unit 29-2 gives a guard interval to the input OFDM signal, and then inputs it to the radio transmission unit 29-3.
- the radio transmission unit 29-3 converts the input baseband transmission signal into a radio frequency (RF) transmission signal and inputs the transmission signal to the antenna 29-5.
- the antenna 29-5 transmits the input transmission signal in the RF band.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the terminal device 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the terminal device 2 includes a terminal antenna unit 51, a propagation path estimation unit 53, a feedback information generation unit 55, a channel equalization unit 57, a demapping unit 59, a data demodulation unit 61, a channel
- the decoding unit 63 is included.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the terminal antenna unit 51 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the terminal antenna unit 51 includes a radio reception unit 51-1, a radio transmission unit 51-2, a GI removal unit 51-3, an FFT unit 51-4, and a reference signal separation unit 51-. 5 and an antenna 51-6.
- the transmission signal transmitted from the base station apparatus 1 is first received by the antenna 51-6 of the terminal antenna unit 51 and then input to the radio reception unit 51-1.
- the radio reception unit 51-1 converts the input signal into a baseband signal and inputs the signal to the GI removal unit 51-3.
- the GI removal unit 51-3 removes the guard interval from the input signal and inputs it to the FFT unit 51-4.
- the FFT unit 51-4 applies N c -point fast Fourier transform (FFT) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to the input signal, converts it to N c subcarrier components, and then separates the reference signal Input to section 51-5.
- the reference signal separation unit 51-5 separates the input signal into a data signal component, a CSI-RS component, and a DMRS component.
- the reference signal separation unit 51-5 inputs the data signal component to the channel equalization unit 57, and inputs the CSI-RS and DMRS to the propagation path estimation unit 53.
- the signal processing described below is basically performed for each subcarrier.
- Both CSI-RS and DMRS are periodically transmitted.
- signal processing related to CSI-RS is targeted for CSI-RS received at time t 1 .
- DMRS will be described for the DMRS received at time t 2 as in the case of the data signal component.
- the propagation path estimation unit 53 performs propagation path estimation based on the inputted known reference signals CSI-RS and DMRS. First , propagation path estimation using CSI-RS received at time t 1 will be described. Since the CSI-RS is transmitted without applying precoding, the CSI-RS corresponds to the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u in the channel matrix H (k, t 1 ) expressed by the equation (1). It is possible to estimate the matrix h u (k, t 1 ). Normally, since CSI-RS is periodically multiplexed with respect to radio resources, propagation path information of all subcarriers cannot be estimated directly.
- the terminal device 2 can estimate the propagation path information of all subcarriers by appropriate interpolation.
- a specific propagation path estimation method is not particularly limited. For example, two-dimensional MMSE propagation path estimation may be used.
- the propagation path estimation unit 53 of the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u inputs the propagation path information h u (k, t 1 ) estimated based on the CSI-RS to the feedback information generation unit 55.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 provides information to be fed back to the base station apparatus 1 according to the input propagation path information and the propagation path information format fed back by each terminal apparatus 2, that is, h FB, u (k, t 1 ). Is generated.
- the propagation path information format is not limited to anything. For example, a method may be considered in which each element of the estimated propagation path information h u (k, t 1 ) is quantized with a finite number of bits and the quantized information is fed back. Further, feedback may be performed based on a code book that has been agreed with the base station apparatus 1 in advance.
- quantization may be performed after performing some signal conversion.
- signal conversion for example, a method of performing singular value decomposition is conceivable.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 generates information to be notified to the base station apparatus 1 by quantizing the eigenvector obtained by the singular value decomposition or both the eigenvector and the singular value.
- the propagation path information is all subcarriers, that is, the propagation path information in the frequency domain is used.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 performs inverse discrete Fourier transform or inverse discrete cosine transform on the propagation path information estimated in the frequency domain, thereby converting the propagation path information into time domain propagation path information, and then performing quantization. You may give it. Further, the feedback information generation unit 55 may perform control such that only a part of the propagation path information converted into the time domain is fed back.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 stores a plurality of pieces of propagation path information h u (k, t, acquired by time t 1) . Based on t), feedback information may be generated based on propagation path information obtained by extrapolation.
- the coefficient of the polynomial used for interpolation may be used as feedback information.
- the terminal device performs linear linear prediction of the propagation path information H (t) at time t
- H (t) A ⁇ t + B.
- a and B are calculated for each complex channel gain of each antenna and each discrete path based on the least square method, the mean square error minimum method, or the like.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 may use A and B calculated for each antenna and each complex channel gain of each discrete path as feedback information.
- prediction of propagation path information may be performed in the frequency domain.
- the terminal apparatus may perform linear prediction for each subcarrier, or may perform linear prediction for each resource block in which a plurality of subcarriers are collected.
- the terminal device may use the coefficient of the polynomial used for the prediction as feedback information instead of the predicted propagation path information itself.
- the information that can be notified as feedback information by the terminal device is diverse, but if the information format of feedback is shared between the base station device and the terminal device, the base station device Based on the fed back information, channel information can be acquired.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 inputs the generated signal to the wireless transmission unit 51-2 of the terminal antenna unit 51.
- the wireless transmission unit 51-2 converts the input signal into a signal suitable for transmission to the base station apparatus 1, and inputs the signal to the antenna 51-6 of the terminal antenna unit 51.
- the antenna 51-6 of the terminal antenna unit 51 transmits the input signal toward the base station apparatus 1. Note that propagation path estimation using DMRS will be described later.
- r u (t 2) is the formula (6) (Subcarrier index k is omitted).
- the amplitude and phase of the desired signal (d u + 2 ⁇ z u ) are affected by the time and frequency selectivity of the propagation path. Therefore, in order for the terminal device 2 to correctly demodulate the desired signal, channel equalization processing that removes this influence is required. In order for the terminal device 2 to perform channel equalization processing, a channel gain ( hu (t 2 ) ⁇ w u ) that affects the amplitude and phase of the signal is required.
- the propagation path estimation unit 53 based on the DMRS sent to time t 2, the estimating the channel information for channel equalization.
- the DMRS is transmitted after being multiplied by the linear filter W, and the DMRS is transmitted using radio resources that are orthogonal between the terminal apparatuses. Therefore, the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u can estimate h u (t 2 ) ⁇ w u necessary for channel equalization by using DMRS.
- the propagation path estimation unit 53 outputs the propagation path information estimated based on DMRS to the channel equalization unit 57.
- the channel equalization unit 57 based on the propagation path information h u (t 2 ) ⁇ w u necessary for channel equalization input from the propagation path estimation unit 53, the channel etc. To do.
- the equation (7) may be used.
- the channel equalization unit 57 further performs a modulo operation for removing a perturbation term from the received signal d ⁇ u after channel equalization.
- the modulo operation is signal processing given by equation (8).
- the modulo operation In the modulo operation, the magnitudes of the real part and the imaginary part of the output are larger than ⁇ and smaller than ⁇ , respectively, with respect to the input. Therefore, when the residual IUI and noise power are sufficiently small, the modulo operation can remove perturbation terms in which the magnitudes of the real part and the imaginary part are 2 ⁇ or more, respectively.
- the channel equalization unit 57 outputs the signal after channel equalization and modulo calculation to the demapping unit 59.
- the terminal device 2 extracts transmission data addressed to itself from radio resources used for transmission of transmission data addressed to itself.
- the output of the reference signal separation unit 51-5 may be input to the demapping unit 59 first, and only the radio resource component corresponding to the own device may be input to the channel equalization unit 57.
- the output of the demapping unit 59 is then input to the data demodulating unit 61 and the channel decoding unit 63, where data demodulation and channel decoding are performed.
- the channel equalizer 57 may not perform the modulo operation.
- the conventional method when the terminal apparatus 2 obtains the log likelihood ratio of the received signal, the conventional method is premised on that all perturbation terms are generated with equal probability.
- the perturbation terms that can be selected by the base station apparatus 1, so that the terminal apparatus 2 obtains the log likelihood ratio considering only perturbable terms that can be selected. Also good.
- OFDM signal transmission is performed and precoding is performed for each subcarrier, but there is no limitation on the transmission scheme (or access scheme) and the precoding application unit.
- the present embodiment is also applicable when precoding is performed for each resource block in which a plurality of subcarriers are grouped.
- a single carrier-based access scheme for example, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC- (FDMA) method.
- the method for suppressing the residual IUI by limiting the number of perturbation term candidate points searched by the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the base station apparatus 1 has been clarified.
- the second embodiment is directed to a method of suppressing a residual IUI generated due to a feedback error by limiting a selection criterion for a perturbation term candidate.
- the difference is the signal processing in the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the base station device 1. It is.
- the IUI power observed by the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u can be calculated based on the equation (6) and is expressed by the equation (9) (time index is omitted).
- W u is a matrix in which a zero vector is substituted into the u-th column of the linear filter W.
- Equation (9) the IUI observed by the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u can be minimized. Therefore, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the second embodiment searches for a perturbation vector that minimizes Equation (9).
- the perturbation vector that minimizes the IUI observed by the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u satisfies Expression (10).
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 searches for a perturbation vector that satisfies Equation (10), the IUI observed by the u-th terminal apparatus 2-u can be suppressed. However, the IUI observed in the terminal device 2 other than the u-th terminal device 2-u is not suppressed. Therefore, in this embodiment, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the base station apparatus 1 searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses the average power of the IUI observed by each terminal apparatus 2. Specifically, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 searches for a perturbation vector that satisfies Equation (11).
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 searches for a perturbation vector that satisfies Expression (11), it is possible to suppress the average power of the IUI observed in each terminal device 2.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 may be controlled so as to suppress only the IUI of an arbitrary terminal device 2. Moreover, you may control not to all the terminal devices 2 but to suppress the average electric power of IUI of arbitrary some terminal devices 2.
- the terminal device 2 that suppresses the IUI may be periodically switched in the time and frequency domains. For example, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 suppresses IUI of at time t 3 the first terminal device 2-1, the control for suppressing the IUI of the time t 4 the second terminal device 2-2 It doesn't matter.
- the perturbation term candidate points it is not necessary to limit the perturbation term candidate points to be added to the transmission data addressed to each terminal device 2. This point is different from the first embodiment in which the perturbation term candidate points are limited. Of course, in this embodiment, the number of perturbation term candidate points is limited as in the first embodiment. It doesn't matter.
- the base station apparatus 1 performs the method of the first embodiment (first method), the method of the second embodiment (second method), according to the coding rate, the modulation multi-level number, and the like. May be controlled to be used simultaneously or selectively. Furthermore, a conventional method that does not limit the number of perturbation term candidate points and the perturbation term search criteria may be added, and these methods may be controlled to be used simultaneously or selectively. Further, the base station apparatus 1 may use the first method and the second method simultaneously or selectively based on the transmission power and the propagation path information notified from each terminal apparatus 2. For example, if it is assumed from the propagation path information that the inter-user interference is large, the second method is used, and if the inter-user interference is not so large, control is performed so that the first method is used. May be.
- the method of the second embodiment it is possible to suppress inter-user interference caused by a feedback error, so that it is possible to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of nonlinear MU-MIMO.
- the situation where the statistical properties of the feedback error are the same for example, the situation in which all terminal apparatuses 2 calculate h FB, u (k, t 1 ) based on the same propagation path information format, or all terminal apparatuses The situation where the movement speeds of 2 are almost the same applies.
- a situation in which the statistical property of the feedback error is different for each terminal device 2 is targeted.
- the device configuration of the terminal device 2 according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the first and second embodiments. Only the signal processing in the feedback information generation unit 55 is different. Therefore, only the signal processing in the feedback information generation unit 55 of the terminal device 2 will be described below.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 generates two pieces of information. One is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and notifies the base station apparatus 1 calculated based on the propagation path information h u (k, t 1 ) between the base station apparatus 1 and the terminal apparatus. It is propagation path information h FB, u (k, t 1 ). Since the calculation method of h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is the same as in the first and second embodiments, the description thereof is omitted.
- the second information generated by the feedback information generation unit 55 includes propagation path information h FB, u (k, t 1 ) and actual propagation path information h u (k, t 1 ) or h u (k, t 2 ) Information related to the feedback error between.
- the information associated with the error is information that allows the base station apparatus 1 to grasp the magnitude of the feedback error included in h FB, u (k, t 1 ) that can be actually grasped by the base station apparatus 1. is there. For example, a method of notifying a normalized mean square error between h u (k, t) 1 and h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is conceivable.
- the base station apparatus 1 can determine that the feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is large.
- a method of notifying the base station apparatus 1 of the moving speed of the terminal apparatus 2 is conceivable. Since the terminal apparatus 2 can estimate the maximum Doppler frequency from the frequency spectrum of the received signal received by the terminal apparatus 2, the terminal apparatus 2 may notify the base station apparatus 1 of the maximum Doppler frequency. In this case, the base station apparatus 1 can determine that the feedback error becomes large for the terminal apparatus 2 having a large maximum Doppler frequency. This is because the time variation error increases when the moving speed is high.
- a method of notifying information on the channel information format used when the terminal device 2 calculates h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is also conceivable.
- the larger the number of quantization bits the greater the h FB, u (k, t 1 ).
- Feedback error is reduced.
- the terminal device 2 may use the quantization bit number as information associated with the feedback error.
- the terminal device 2 h FB of all subcarriers, u (k, t 1) instead of notifying, h FB in configured resource blocks of a plurality of subcarriers, u (k, t 1 ) May be considered.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 of the terminal device 2 may output the number of subcarriers constituting the resource block and the number of resource blocks as information associated with the error.
- the feedback information generation unit 55 may use the estimation accuracy of h u (k, t 1 ) as information associated with the feedback error instead of the propagation path information format based on h FB, u (k, t 1 ). Absent. For example, since the estimation accuracy of hu (k, t 1 ) is determined according to the received power of the reference signal (CSI-RS), the feedback information generating unit 55 uses the received power of CSI-RS as a feedback error. You may output as linked
- CSI-RS reference signal
- the feedback information generation unit 55 of the terminal device 2 Based on the method described above, the feedback information generation unit 55 of the terminal device 2 generates information associated with the feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ), and the wireless transmission unit 51 of the terminal antenna unit 51. Output to -2. Note that signal processing in the other constituent devices of the terminal device 2 is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- the apparatus configuration of the base station apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the first and second embodiments.
- the difference is signal processing in the control information acquisition unit 31, the propagation path information acquisition unit 33, and the precoding unit 27.
- signal processing in the control information acquisition unit 31 and the propagation path information acquisition unit 33 will be described.
- the control information acquisition unit 31 first acquires control information notified from each connected terminal device 2 and propagates information associated with the propagation path information. Output to the road information acquisition unit 33.
- the control information acquisition unit 31 acquires information related to the feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ) notified from each terminal device 2 from the control information, and the propagation path information acquisition unit 33. Output to.
- the propagation path information acquisition unit 33 first, similarly to the first and second embodiments, based on the information input from the control information acquisition unit 31, h FB, u (k, t 1) to get. Then, based on h FB, u (k, t 1 ), a propagation path matrix H FB (k, t 1 ) represented by Expression (2) is calculated. Next, the propagation path information acquisition unit 33 acquires information associated with the feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ), and notifies h FB, u ( k, t 1 ) feedback error is acquired.
- the normalized mean square error between h FB, u (k, t 1 ) and h u (k, t 1 ) is notified as information associated with the feedback error.
- the normalized mean square error notified by the u-th terminal device 2-u is defined as eu .
- the terminal device 2 having a large eu has a large feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ).
- the magnitude of the feedback error of h FB, u (k, t 1 ) is represented by eu .
- the moving speed may be input directly to the moving speed of the e u.
- the e u may be inputted to the reciprocal of the number of quantization bits.
- the e u if the value is greater, it h FB, u (k, t 1) the base station apparatus 1 that feedback error is large the input information can be determined in Is enough.
- signal processing in the linear filter generation unit 27-1 and the transmission signal generation unit 27-3 is the same as that in the first and second embodiments.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 determines the terminal device 2 to preferentially suppress the IUI according to the error information notified from each terminal device 2. Based on the determination, the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 searches for the perturbation vector.
- To define a certain threshold based on the magnitude relationship between the threshold and the e u, may be judged the magnitude of the error information.
- the threshold value may be determined in advance by computer simulation or the like.
- Equation (12) is different from the perturbation vector search norm (equation (11)) used in the second embodiment, and suppresses the IUI observed in the first and second terminal devices 2-1, 2-2. It is a norm. That is, in the second embodiment, the IUI observed in all the terminal devices 2 is suppressed on the average, whereas in the equation (12), only the IUI observed in the terminal device 2 with large error information is used. The purpose is to repress. This is because the observed IUI is small in the first place for the terminal device 2 with small error information.
- the perturbation vector search unit is divided into two groups of the terminal device 2 connected to the base station device 1 and the terminal device 2 that suppresses IUI and the terminal device 2 that does not suppress IUI. 27-2 will search for the perturbation vector.
- the IUI observed by the u-th terminal device 2-u depends on the magnitude of ⁇ u , as shown in Equation (13), appropriate weighting is applied to ⁇ u to obtain a perturbation vector search standard. It doesn't matter.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 preferentially suppresses the IUI of the terminal device 2 having large error information.
- weighting approach to alpha u are not limited to the equation (13) may perform weighting based like the square values or the square root of e u. Note that signal processing in the other constituent devices of the base station device 1 is the same as in the first and second embodiments, and thus description thereof is omitted.
- the base station device 1 estimates the maximum Doppler frequency from the uplink signal transmitted from each terminal device 2.
- the base station apparatus 1 can obtain an autocorrelation function based on a reference signal or the like included in an uplink signal transmitted from each terminal apparatus 2. Therefore, from the autocorrelation function, it is possible to estimate the maximum Doppler frequency observed at each terminal device 2, that is, the moving speed. In this case, the base station apparatus 1 may use the estimated moving speed as error information. This can also be applied to a wireless communication system based on a TDD system.
- the base station apparatus 1 to each terminal device 2 by specifying the channel information format in calculating h FB, u (k, t 1), it is possible to grasp the error information.
- the base station device 1 specifies the number of quantization bits for each terminal device 2
- the base station device 1 uses the inverse of the number of quantization bits specified for each terminal device 2 as error information. It may be used as.
- a method of determining error information according to the required quality of each terminal device 2 can be considered.
- This is a method for a communication system using an adaptive modulation technique that adaptively sets a modulation scheme and a coding rate in accordance with transmission quality and the like.
- the base station device 1 determines the terminal device 2 having a large error information for the terminal device 2 for which the transmission method with high frequency utilization efficiency is set, thereby determining the terminal with the transmission method with high frequency utilization efficiency. It is possible to suppress the IUI observed by the device 2. This can also be applied to a wireless communication system based on a TDD system.
- the perturbation vector search unit 27-2 of the base station apparatus 1 can search for an appropriate perturbation vector according to the size of the IUI observed in each terminal apparatus 2. It becomes possible.
- the base station apparatus of the present embodiment is a base station apparatus that includes a plurality of antennas, performs non-linear precoding on signals addressed to a plurality of terminal apparatuses, performs spatial multiplexing, and performs radio transmission.
- a perturbation vector that suppresses inter-user interference received by the plurality of terminal devices, using a channel information acquisition unit that acquires channel information between them and a linear filter generated based on the channel information A perturbation vector search unit; and a transmission signal generation unit that calculates a transmission signal vector based on the generated linear filter, the perturbation vector, and a transmission data vector.
- the base station apparatus receives a plurality of terminal apparatuses using the propagation path information acquisition unit that acquires the propagation path information between the terminal apparatuses and the linear filter generated based on the propagation path information.
- a perturbation vector search unit that searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses interference between users, and a transmission signal generation unit that calculates a transmission signal vector based on the generated linear filter, perturbation vector, and transmission data vector.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches for the perturbation vector from perturbation term candidate points expressed using a predetermined number of Gaussian integers.
- the second method of searching for the perturbation vector for suppressing inter-user interference received by at least one terminal device of the plurality of terminal devices is performed.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches the perturbation vector from the perturbation term candidate points represented using a predetermined number of Gaussian integers, or at least one terminal of a plurality of terminal devices. Since the second method of searching for the perturbation vector for suppressing the inter-user interference received by the apparatus is performed, in the downlink MU-MIMO transmission based on nonlinear precoding, the residual IUI generated due to the time variation of the propagation path Can be suppressed. Therefore, even in an environment where the time variation of the propagation path cannot be ignored, transmission can be performed without causing a significant deterioration in transmission characteristics. In addition, since it is possible to suppress the interference between users caused by the feedback error, it is possible to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of the nonlinear MU-MIMO.
- the perturbation vector search unit is configured to perform the first based on at least one of a modulation scheme, a coding rate, and the propagation path information applied to the signal.
- the method 1 or the second method is used simultaneously or selectively.
- the perturbation vector search unit performs the first method or the second method simultaneously or selectively based on at least one of the modulation scheme, coding rate, and propagation path information applied to the signal. Therefore, in downlink MU-MIMO transmission based on nonlinear precoding, it is possible to suppress a residual IUI that occurs due to time fluctuation of the propagation path. Therefore, even in an environment where the time variation of the propagation path cannot be ignored, transmission can be performed without causing a significant deterioration in transmission characteristics. In addition, since it is possible to suppress the interference between users caused by the feedback error, it is possible to improve the frequency utilization efficiency of the nonlinear MU-MIMO.
- the perturbation vector search unit periodically allocates terminal apparatuses for suppressing the inter-user interference from the plurality of terminal apparatuses in time or frequency domain.
- the perturbation vector search unit periodically assigns terminal devices that suppress inter-user interference from a plurality of terminal devices in the time or frequency domain, and thus suppresses inter-user interference that occurs due to feedback errors. Therefore, the frequency utilization efficiency of nonlinear MU-MIMO can be improved.
- the said propagation path information acquisition part is 1st based on the control information linked
- the propagation path information acquisition unit acquires the first propagation path information based on the control information associated with the first propagation path information notified from the plurality of terminal devices, and the first propagation path. Based on the path information, the error information between the first propagation path information and the control information or the error between the first propagation path information and the second propagation path information of the propagation path in which the signal propagates as a radio signal. Since the information is acquired, the perturbation vector search unit of the base station apparatus can search for an appropriate perturbation vector according to the size of the IUI observed in each terminal device.
- the said propagation path information acquisition part is 1st based on the control information linked
- the propagation path information acquisition unit acquires the first propagation path information based on the control information associated with the first propagation path information notified from the plurality of terminal apparatuses, and the plurality of terminal apparatuses.
- nonlinear precoding is performed on the signal based on the first propagation path information and the error information.
- the base station apparatus since the base station apparatus performs nonlinear precoding on the signal based on the first propagation path information and error information, the base station apparatus determines the IUI observed by each terminal apparatus according to the size of the IUI.
- the perturbation vector search unit can search for an appropriate perturbation vector.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses inter-user interference received by the terminal apparatus having a large error information.
- the perturbation vector search unit searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses inter-user interference received by a terminal device with large error information, so that the base station device can be used according to the size of the IUI observed in each terminal device.
- the perturbation vector search unit it is possible to search for an appropriate perturbation vector.
- the terminal device is a terminal device that receives a wireless signal that has been subjected to nonlinear precoding and spatially multiplexed from a base station device that includes a plurality of antennas, From a reference signal separation unit that separates a reference signal, a propagation path estimation unit that estimates first propagation path information with the base station apparatus based on the reference signal, and the first propagation path information, A feedback information generating unit that generates control information associated with the first propagation path information to be notified to the base station device; and a radio transmitting unit that transmits the control information to the base station device.
- the generation unit generates error information between the first propagation path information and the control information.
- the terminal apparatus transmits, from the first propagation path information, the feedback information generation unit that generates control information associated with the first propagation path information notified to the base station apparatus, and the control information to the base station apparatus. And a feedback information generation unit generates error information between the first propagation path information and the control information, so that depending on the size of the IUI observed in each terminal device
- the perturbation vector search unit of the base station apparatus can search for an appropriate perturbation vector.
- the feedback information generation unit includes second propagation path information between the base station device through which the data signal received at a first time or frequency is propagated. And error information between the first propagation path information estimated based on the reference signal received at a second time or frequency is generated.
- the feedback information generation unit receives the second propagation path information between the base station apparatus through which the data signal received at the first time or frequency propagates and the second time or frequency. Since error information between the first propagation path information estimated based on the reference signal is generated, the perturbation vector search unit of the base station apparatus according to the size of the IUI observed in each terminal apparatus, It is possible to search for an appropriate perturbation vector.
- the wireless communication system of the present embodiment includes the base station device described in (1) above and the plurality of terminal devices described in (9) above.
- the base station apparatus receives a plurality of terminal apparatuses using the propagation path information acquisition unit that acquires the propagation path information between the terminal apparatuses and the linear filter generated based on the propagation path information.
- a perturbation vector search unit that searches for a perturbation vector that suppresses interference between users, and a transmission signal generation unit that calculates a transmission signal vector based on the generated linear filter, perturbation vector, and transmission data vector.
- the terminal device 2 of the present invention is not limited to application to a mobile station device such as a cellular system, but is a stationary or non-movable electronic device installed indoors or outdoors, such as an AV device or a kitchen device. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to cleaning / washing equipment, air conditioning equipment, office equipment, vending machines, and other daily life equipment.
- the program that operates in the mobile station apparatus and the base station apparatus 1 related to the present invention is a program (a program that causes a computer to function) that controls the CPU and the like so as to realize the functions of the above-described embodiments related to the present invention.
- Information handled by these devices is temporarily stored in the RAM at the time of processing, then stored in various ROMs and HDDs, read out by the CPU, and corrected and written as necessary.
- a recording medium for storing the program a semiconductor medium (for example, ROM, nonvolatile memory card, etc.), an optical recording medium (for example, DVD, MO, MD, CD, BD, etc.), a magnetic recording medium (for example, magnetic tape, Any of a flexible disk etc. may be sufficient.
- the processing is performed in cooperation with the operating system or other application programs.
- the functions of the invention may be realized.
- the program when distributing to the market, can be stored and distributed on a portable recording medium, or transferred to a server computer connected via a network such as the Internet.
- the storage device of the server computer is also included in the present invention.
- LSI which is typically an integrated circuit.
- Each functional block of the mobile station apparatus and the base station apparatus 1 may be individually made into a processor, or a part or all of them may be integrated into a processor.
- the method of circuit integration is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor.
- an integrated circuit based on the technology can also be used.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る無線通信システムの概略を示す図である。第1の実施形態においては、Nt本の送信アンテナを有し、非線形プリコーディングが可能な基地局装置1(無線送信装置とも呼ぶ)に対して、Nr本の受信アンテナを有する端末装置2(無線受信装置とも呼ぶ)がU個(図1では端末装置2-1~2-4の4個)接続しているMU-MIMO伝送を対象とする。各端末装置2にはそれぞれL個のデータを同時に送信するものとし(同時送信するデータ数のことをランク数とも呼ぶ)、U×L=NtおよびL=Nrであるものとする。
図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る基地局装置1の構成を示すブロック図である。図2に示すように、基地局装置1は、チャネル符号化部21と、データ変調部23と、マッピング部25と、プリコーディング部27と、アンテナ部29と、制御情報取得部31と、伝搬路情報取得部33と、を含んで構成されている。プリコーディング部27はサブキャリア数Nc、アンテナ部29は送信アンテナ数Ntだけそれぞれ存在する。
図7は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係る端末装置2の構成を示すブロック図である。図7に示すように、端末装置2は端末アンテナ部51と、伝搬路推定部53と、フィードバック情報生成部55と、チャネル等化部57と、デマッピング部59とデータ復調部61と、チャネル復号部63とを含んで構成されている。そのうち、端末アンテナ部51は受信アンテナ数Nrだけ存在する。ただし、以下の説明では、受信アンテナ数はNr=1であるものとし、基地局装置1に接続している複数の端末装置2のうち第u端末装置2-uに着目して説明を行なうが、他の端末装置2における信号処理も同一である。
DMRSを対象に説明を行なう。
第1の実施形態においては、基地局装置1の摂動ベクトル探査部27-2が探査する摂動項の候補点数に制限を与えることで、残留IUIを抑圧する手法を明らかとした。第2の実施形態では、摂動項候補の選択規範に制限を与えることで、フィードバック誤差に起因して発生する残留IUIを抑圧する方法を対象とする。第1の実施形態と、第2の実施形態とで、基地局装置1および端末装置2の装置構成に違いは無く、異なるのは、基地局装置1の摂動ベクトル探査部27-2における信号処理である。
第1の実施形態では、図4A~4Dおよび図5A~5Dに示すような摂動項が選択可能であるという条件のもとで、式(4)で示されている最小化問題を解くことで、摂動ベクトルの探査を行なっていた。
第1および第2の実施形態では、摂動項候補点数、もしくは摂動ベクトルの選択規範に制限を与えることで、各端末装置で観測されるIUIを抑圧する。ところで、第1および第2の実施形態では、各端末装置2が基地局装置1に通知している伝搬路情報hFB,u(k,t1)と実際の伝搬路情報hu(k,t2)との間に存在するフィードバック誤差の統計的性質が全端末装置2で同一であることを想定している。ここで、フィードバック誤差の統計的性質が同一という状況について、例えば、全端末装置2が同じ伝搬路情報形式に基づきhFB,u(k,t1)を算出している状況や、全端末装置2の移動速度がほぼ同一である状況が該当する。第3の実施形態では、フィードバック誤差の統計的性質が端末装置2毎に異なる状況を対象とする。
第3の実施形態に係る端末装置2の装置構成は、第1および第2の実施形態と同様である。異なるのは、フィードバック情報生成部55における信号処理のみである。よって、以下では、端末装置2のフィードバック情報生成部55における信号処理についてのみ説明を行なう。
第3の実施形態に係る基地局装置1の装置構成は、第1および第2の実施形態と同様である。異なるのは、制御情報取得部31、伝搬路情報取得部33およびプリコーディング部27における信号処理である。はじめに、制御情報取得部31および伝搬路情報取得部33における信号処理について説明する。制御情報取得部31は、まず第1および第2の実施形態と同様に、接続している各端末装置2より通知される制御情報を取得し、そのうち、伝搬路情報に関連付けられた情報を伝搬路情報取得部33に向けて出力する。更に、制御情報取得部31は、各端末装置2より通知される、hFB,u(k,t1)のフィードバック誤差に関連付けられた情報を、制御情報から取得し、伝搬路情報取得部33に向けて出力する。
以上、この発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこの実施形態に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計等も特許請求の範囲に含まれる。
2、2-1、2-2、2-3、2-4、2-u 端末装置
21 チャネル符号化部
23 データ変調部
25 マッピング部
27 プリコーディング部
27-1 線形フィルタ生成部
27-2 摂動ベクトル探査部
27-3 送信信号生成部
29 アンテナ部
29-1 IFFT部
29-2 GI挿入部
29-3 無線送信部
29-4 無線受信部
29-5 アンテナ
31 制御情報取得部
33 伝搬路情報取得部
51 端末アンテナ部
51-1 無線受信部
51-2 無線送信部
51-3 GI除去部
51-4 FFT部
51-5 参照信号分離部
51-6 アンテナ
53 伝搬路推定部
55 フィードバック情報生成部
57 チャネル等化部
59 デマッピング部
61 データ復調部
63 チャネル復号部
Claims (11)
- 複数のアンテナを備え、複数の端末装置宛の信号に非線形プリコーディングを施し空間多重して無線送信を行なう基地局装置であって、
前記端末装置との間の伝搬路情報を取得する伝搬路情報取得部と、
前記伝搬路情報に基づいて生成された線形フィルタを用いて、前記複数の端末装置が受信するユーザ間干渉を抑圧する摂動ベクトルを探査する摂動ベクトル探査部と、
前記生成された線形フィルタ、前記摂動ベクトルおよび送信データベクトルに基づいて送信信号ベクトルを算出する送信信号生成部と、を備えることを特徴とする基地局装置。 - 前記摂動ベクトル探査部は、予め定められた数のガウス整数を用いて表される摂動項候補点より前記摂動ベクトルを探査する第1の方法、または、前記複数の端末装置の少なくとも一つの端末装置が受信するユーザ間干渉を抑圧する前記摂動ベクトルを探査する第2の方法を実行することを特徴とする請求項1記載の基地局装置。
- 前記摂動ベクトル探査部は、前記信号に適用される変調方式、符号化率または前記伝搬路情報のうちの少なくとも一つに基づいて、前記第1の方法または前記第2の方法を、同時に若しくは選択的に用いることを特徴とする請求項2記載の基地局装置。
- 前記摂動ベクトル探査部は、時間若しくは周波数領域において、前記複数の端末装置から前記ユーザ間干渉を抑圧する端末装置を周期的に割り当てることを特徴とする請求項2記載の基地局装置。
- 前記伝搬路情報取得部は、前記複数の端末装置より通知される第1の伝搬路情報に関連付けられた制御情報に基づいて、第1の伝搬路情報を取得すると共に、前記第1の伝搬路情報に基づいて、前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記制御情報との間の誤差情報若しくは前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記信号が無線信号として伝搬する伝搬路の第2の伝搬路情報との間の誤差情報を取得することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の基地局装置。
- 前記伝搬路情報取得部は、前記複数の端末装置より通知される第1の伝搬路情報に関連付けられた制御情報に基づいて、第1の伝搬路情報を取得すると共に、前記複数の端末装置より通知される前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記制御情報との間の誤差情報若しくは前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記信号が無線信号として伝搬する伝搬路の第2の伝搬路情報との間の誤差情報を取得することを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれかに記載の基地局装置。
- 前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記誤差情報に基づいて、前記信号に非線形プリコーディングを施すことを特徴とする請求項5または請求項6に記載の基地局装置。
- 前記摂動ベクトル探査部は、前記誤差情報が大きい端末装置が受信するユーザ間干渉を抑圧する摂動ベクトルを探査することを特徴とする請求項7記載の基地局装置。
- 複数のアンテナを備える基地局装置から非線形プリコーディングが施され空間多重された無線信号を受信する端末装置であって、
前記無線信号よりデータ信号と参照信号を分離する参照信号分離部と、
前記参照信号に基づき、前記基地局装置との間の第1の伝搬路情報を推定する伝搬路推定部と、
前記第1の伝搬路情報から、前記基地局装置に通知する前記第1の伝搬路情報に関連付けられた制御情報を生成するフィードバック情報生成部と、
前記制御情報を前記基地局装置に送信する無線送信部と、を備え、
前記フィードバック情報生成部は、前記第1の伝搬路情報と前記制御情報との間の誤差情報を生成することを特徴とする端末装置。 - 前記フィードバック情報生成部は、第1の時刻または周波数で受信された前記データ信号が伝搬する前記基地局装置との間の第2の伝搬路情報と、第2の時刻または周波数で受信された前記参照信号に基づいて推定された前記第1の伝搬路情報との間の誤差情報を生成することを特徴とする請求項9記載の端末装置。
- 請求項1に記載の基地局装置と、請求項9に記載の複数の端末装置とを備えることを特徴とする無線通信システム。
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