Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
  • A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
  • A23B9/02—Preserving by heating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
  • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
  • B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
  • A23L2/66—Proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
  • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
  • A23B2/40—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by heating loose unpacked materials
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23C11/00—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions
  • A23C11/02—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins
  • A23C11/10—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins
  • A23C11/103—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins containing only proteins from pulses, oilseeds or nuts, e.g. nut milk
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
  • A23J1/14—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from leguminous or other vegetable seeds; from press-cake or oil-bearing seeds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L11/60—Drinks from legumes, e.g. lupine drinks
  • A23L11/65—Soy drinks
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/15—Vitamins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
  • A23L33/185—Vegetable proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
  • A23L33/19—Dairy proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
  • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

• the present invention pertains to the field of nutrition and in particular a food product formulation based on protein and other nutrients extracted from oil seeds such as hemp, for a plurality of uses, including, but not limited to an infant or toddler formula, a beverage, baked goods or a protein or other nutritional supplement.
• EAA's essential amino acids
• Dietary protein provides many essential functions in the human body, the main one being the supply of essential amino acids (“EAA's”) required for the growth and maintenance of human tissue. It also functions as enzymes and antibodies in the body and has been described as the structural backbone of tissues, hormones and blood (Hemp Basics 16/12/2011). Lipids, or essential fatty acids, are essential for proper development, function and healing of all tissues and organs and the maintenance of all the body's systems
• dietary protein EAA's and essential fatty acids (EFAs) in particular, are of critical importance, due in large part to the significant growth and development during this time period.
• proteins and lipids are of critical importance in the human diet, there are often many challenges in meeting dietary protein and lipid requirements, particularly for specific age groups and subpopulations, such as infants, toddlers, youth, those who are dietarily challenged, and vegans or vegetarians.
• Soy proteins also contain oligosaccharides, which have been associated with stomach upset and gas in some individuals.
• soy based formulas can create feeding intolerance challenges that can lead to fussiness, constipation, or other gastrointestinal difficulties.
• infant and toddler formula products rely on the addition of highly processed, refined carbohydrate sources and sugars and the use of genetically modified ingredients.
• hemp based food products on the market have not been directed to utilizing hemp in a manner that will provide a complete source of dietary nutrition for specific age groups and sub- populations, nor in a manner that will maximize nutritional absorption.
• An object of the present invention is to provide in at least one embodiment an oil seed-based food product formulation and method of making same,
• the oil seed-based food product formulation will be an infant formula composition, comprising hemp as a nutritional source.
• an infant formula composition comprising protein, carbohydrates and lipids effective to supply, per 100 calories, between about 1.8 and 4.5 g of protein, between about 3.3 and 6g of lipids, and between about 9 and 14g of carbohydrates, the formulation also comprising between about 1 and 100 of a daily recommended intake of vitamins and minerals, wherein said formulation comprises hemp or a hemp derivative as at least one source of protein, carbohydrate, lipids, vitamins or minerals, or a combination thereof.
• the hemp or hemp derivative may comprise from 0.1 to 100 weight percent of the composition, including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, IS, 20, 25, 50, 75, 85, 95 weight percent of the composition.
• Other components of the composition for example dairy and/or other nutritional sources, may make up the remainder of the composition.
• various ratios of hemp or hemp derivative sources may be present in a ratio with, e.g. dairy and/or other bases or additives, for example, from 0.1 : 99.9 up to 99.9 : 0.1 in the composition, to make up the nutritional requirements of the composition. This will typically depend on the selection of the nutritional sources and the application of the particular formula desired.
• the hemp or hemp derivative may comprise hulled or dehulled hemp seed, hemp concentrate, hemp protein powder, hemp isolate, hemp oil, hemp liquid or a combination thereof.
• the composition comprises a protein source in addition to said hemp or a hemp derivative including: hemp protein, hemp protein isolate, hemp milk, whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, milk protein isolate, milk protein concentrate, non-fat milk, non-fat milk isolate, non-fat milk concentrate, casein, skim milk, skim milk powder, skim milk isolate, skim milk concentrate, reduced mineral whey, partially hydrolyzed non-fat milk, fully hydrolyzed non-fat milk, partially hydrolyzed whey protein, fully hydrolyzed whey protein, soy protein, soy protein isolate, casein hydrolysate, free amino acids, amino acids, 100 free amino acids, small peptides, L-amino acids, rice concentrate, pea isolate, pea concentrate, goat's milk protein, goat's milk protein isolate, goat's milk protein concentrate, spirulina, aphamzomen - flos aquae (AFA), clergy sage, chia, flaxseed, yellow
• AFA
• the composition comprises a carbohydrate source in addition to said hemp or a hemp derivative mcluding: lactose, corn syrup, maltodexrin, com syrup solid, high fructose corn syrup, corn, corn maltodextrin, sucrose, modified tapioca starch, modified corn starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, fructose, yucon, dextrin, wood sugar, coconut palm sugar, coconut crystals, coconut sugar, agave, palm nectar and coconut sap sugar; preferably coconut sap sugar, coconut palm sugar, crystallized coconut sap, palm nectar, wood sugar, raw honey, honey, crystallized honey, agave, yacon, or sweet potato, more preferably coconut palm sugar,
• the protein, lipid and carbohydrates are all partially derived from the hemp or hemp derivative
• the vitamins and minerals comprise calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, Vitamins A, E, C, D, and the B complex, and combinations thereof.
• the vitamins and minerals are added separately, are whole food derived, or a combination thereof.
• the hemp or hemp derivative comprises hulled or dehulled hemp seed.
• the composition further comprises as at least one source of protein, carbohydrate and lipids, in addition to the hemp or hemp derivative, a dairy, rice, hydrolyzed, goat milk, or soy based composition or formula.
• the infant formula composition is formulated as a powder, liquid, concentrate, flakes, tablet or capsule.
• the infant formula composition is dehydrated using a process selected from the group consisting of spray drying, freeze drying, microwave drying or refractory window dehydration.
• an emulsifier is added in an amount effective to stabilize the lipids and increase shelf life of the infant formula composition.
• the composition further comprises at least one prebiotic and/or at least one probiotic.
• the composition further comprises a biotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium spp,, Bacteroides spp. Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, or Lactoferrin.
• a biotic such as Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium spp,, Bacteroides spp. Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, or Lactoferrin.
• the composition further comprises a source of DHA such as plant algae (AFA or Blue Green Algae), algal oil, and fish oil sources of DHA.
• a source of DHA such as plant algae (AFA or Blue Green Algae), algal oil, and fish oil sources of DHA.
• the composition further comprises at least one stabilizer including gum arabic, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragacantb, agar, lurcellaran, guar gum, gellan gum, locust bean gum, pectin, low methoxyl pectin, gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, CMC, methylcellulose hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, dextran, carrageenans, and combinations thereof.
• stabilizer including gum arabic, gum ghatti, gum karaya, gum tragacantb, agar, lurcellaran, guar gum, gellan gum, locust bean gum, pectin, low methoxyl pectin, gelatin, microcrystalline cellulose, CMC, methylcellulose hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, dextran, carrageenans, and combinations thereof.
• the composition is a dry powder ready to blend with water, juice, dairy milk or a plant based beverage; a pasteurized or unpasteurized ready to serve liquid; a pasteurized or unpasteurized frozen liquid to be thawed and warmed before consumption; or a pasteurized or unpasteurized concentrated liquid or frozen concentrate ready to add to water, juice, dairy milk or plant based beverage.
• the composition comprises
• hemp seed at about 1 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powdetj whey protein isolate
• skim milk powder whey powdetj whey protein isolate
• skim milk powder whey powdetj whey protein isolate
• skim milk powder whey powdetj whey protein isolate
• skim milk powder whey powdetj whey protein isolate
• milk protein concentrate milk protein concentrate
• pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 61 weight percent of the composition
• composition comprises
• hemp seed at about 2.5 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 59 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 19 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp seed at about 4.9 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 56.1 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 19.5 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp seed at about 36.4 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 27.2 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 9.1 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp seed at about 32.6 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 14 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 11.6 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp powder at about 30 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 15 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 20 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp powder at about 29 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 9 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 24 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp isolate at about 30 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 15 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 17 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp isolate at about 32 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 9 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 18 weight percent of the composition.
• composition comprises
• hemp liquid at about 5 weight percent of the composition
• rice concentrate whey powder, whey protein isolate, whey protein concentrate, skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, pea isolate or a combination thereof at about 56 weight percent of the composition
• safflower oil high oleic at about 19.5 weight percent of the composition.
• the hemp or hemp derivative comprises hemp liquid, and the hemp liquid is added in an effective amount for fortification of said protein, carbohydrates, lipids or combination thereof.
• compositions described herein as a nutritional source or supplement for infants or children with allergies or an intolerance to foods, for improving protein absorption, for improving digestion in infants, and/or to supplement human breast milk.
• compositions described herein as a nutritional source or supplement for subjects having or at risk of, or for prevention of heart disease, diabetes, obesity, digestive ailments, autism, ADHD, or ADD, or for increasing lactation or increasing nutritional content of breast milk in lactating women.
• compositions described herein as a nutritional source or supplement for supplementing essential fatty acids (EFAs).
• EFAs essential fatty acids
• the supplementing of EFAs may support healthy brain development.
• compositions for use in such methods are also provided.
• a method for producing an infant formula composition comprising:
• protein, carbohydrate and/or lipid sources in amounts to balance the composition, per 100 calories, with between 1.8 and 4.5g of protein, between 3.3 and 6g of lipids, with optional quantities of carbohydrates, and between 1 and 100 of a daily recommended intake of vitamins and minerals.
• Tn certain further non-limiting embodiments of the method, in addition to said quantity of at least one hemp or hemp derivative source, between 0 and 4.5g of a protein source, between 0 and 6 g of a lipids source, between 0 and 14g of a carbohydrates source are added to the composition to supplement the nutritional content of the hemp seed or hemp derivative.
• the protein, lipids and carbohydrate content are further adjusted to meet special nutritional requirements of premature infants, infants of low birth weight, or infants with special nutritional requirements due to illness or other health issues,
• the hemp or hemp derivative source comprises hulled or dehulled hemp seed, hemp concentrate, hemp protein powder, hemp isolate, hemp oil, or a combination thereof.
• all sources are mixed with water or milk to form said solution.
• the method further comprises:
• dissolving at least one protein source in water to form a protein solution dissolving at least one lipid source in water to form a lipid solution, and optionally dissolving at least one carbohydrate source in water to form a carbohydrate solution;
• a mmeral/vitarnin solution mixing at least one source of minerals and/or in water to form a mmeral/vitarnin solution; combining quantities of said protein, lipid and optional carbohydrate solutions, and said mineral/vitamin solution to balance the infant formula, per 100 calories, with between 1.8 and 4.5g of protein, between 3.3 and 6g of lipids, between 0 and 14g of carbohydrates, and between 1 and 100 of a daily recommended intake of vitamins and minerals, and
• the method further comprises heat processing and homogenizing the solutions once combined.
• the at least one hemp or hemp derivative source and the protein, carbohydrate, vitamins, minerals and/or lipid sources are all blended in dry form to obtain a homogeneous product
• the heat processing and / or homogenizing takes place before or after a portion of the ingredients have been combined.
• the method further comprises preheating and drying the solutions once combined, under conditions which do not denature the proteins, to obtain a powder.
• the at least one hemp or hemp derivative source comprises hemp seed and the hemp seed is dispersed in the water, milled to form a slurry, and the slurry is further screened to remove fiber content.
• the hemp seeds are presoaked in water, then milled to form said slurry.
• the method further comprises adding one or more sweeteners, flavouring, stabilization aids, and/or coloring.
• the method further comprises homogenizing, sterilizing, aseptically packaging, pasteurizing or deodorizing the at least one hemp or hemp derivative source and/or said composition, or a combination of two or more thereof.
• hemp seed is combined with water to form a slurry
• a solid fraction of the hemp seed is removed from a liquid fraction of the slurry
• the liquid hemp slurry is further combined with a source of dairy in slurry form, a source of dairy, or other formula base in slurry form
• said vitamins and minerals are added to form a liquid slurry mixture
• the liquid slurry mixture is spray dried under high velocity through a fine nozzle of a size effective to produce dried particles effective to reduce fat separation and increase shelf life.
• hemp protein powder or hemp isolate is combined with a source of dairy or other base in slurry form, said vitamins and minerals are added to form a liquid slurry mixture, and the liquid slurry mixture is spray dried.
• liquid and solid fractions are separated by centrifuge.
• hemp seed is processed by rough grinding, followed by fine grinding to breakdown the seed into smaller particles.
• the rough and fine grinding steps are earned out in water, Additionally, it may be desirable in further embodiments for the water to be heated.
• the hemp seeds may be heated to remove the shell prior to blending or grinding the seed.
• a method of preparing an oil seed-based food product formulation for human consumption comprising: blending oil seeds and water in a high speed blender to form a slurry; and pressing the slurry through a separation device to provide a liquid fraction and a solid fraction.
• the oil seeds and water are blended to form a slurry in the absence of heat.
• the oil seeds are hulled.
• the separation device is a fine mesh strainer, a nut press, a traditional seed mill, a centrifuge, a cold seed mill or an industrial press.
• the slurry is pressed through the separation device at least twice.
• the liquid is freeze-dried and crushed to a powder.
• the formulation is packaged in pre- sterilized containers.
• the containers are heat and/or light resistant.
• the liquid fraction is pasteurized prior to packaging.
• the liquid is packaged in containers and flash frozen.
• a method of preparing an oil seed-based food product formulation for human consumption comprising: blending hulled oil seeds to separate an liquid from a solid fraction; sifting the liquid fraction to remove remaining solids; and dehydrating the liquid fraction.
• the dehydrated liquids are blended with a plurality of other dehydrated ingredients.
• the formulation is packaged in pre- sterilized containers.
• the containers are heat and/or Ught resistant.
• the oil seeds and water are blended to form a slurry in the absence of heat.
• the oil seeds are blended with a plurality of ingredients.
• the formulation is packaged in pre- sterilized containers.
• the containers are heat and/or light resistant.
• the method further comprises mixing said formulation with flavouring.
• the oil seeds are selected from the group consisting of hemp, flax, chia, pea and spirulina.
• the method further comprises the step of: pasteurizing the liquid fraction. In certain further non-limiting embodiments, the method further comprises the step of; adding the oil seed-based food product formulation to an existing food product.
• an oil seed-based food product formulation for human consumption produced by the above methods.
• the resulting powder may in certain non-limiting embodiments be passed through bag filters to avoid powder loss.
• a fluidized spray drier may be employed to produce an agglomerated free flowing powder.
• the water used for extracting the hemp may contain nutrients and/or carbohydrates, and be concentrated, further mixed with undissolved proteins from the extraction process, processed and dried to be used as animal feed.
• the homogenization may be carried out under high pressure to turn the lipids into microscopic particle size.
• Fig. 1 presents a flow diagram of an example of an embodiment of a method for the production of hemp milk
• Fig. 2 presents a flow diagram of an example of an embodiment of a method for the production of hemp protein isolate.
• Fig. 3 presents a flow diagram of an example of an embodiment of a method for the production a nutritional powder form.
• Fig. 4 presents a schematic diagram of an example of a spray drying system for the production a nutritional powder form
• infant as used herein includes children up to one year corrected age, and includes infants from 0 to about 4 months corrected age, low birth weight infants less than 2,500 grams at birth, and premature infants born at less than about 37 weeks gestational age, typically from about 26 weeks to about 34 weeks.
• infant formula refers to nutrition compositions designed for infants, which preferably contain sufficient protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes to potentially serve as the sole source of nutrition when provided in sufficient quantities. These formulas, therefore, can be used to provide sole, primary, or supplemental nutrition for the intended infant or infant population.
• toddler as used herein includes children between twelve and thirty six months of corrected age
• the term "about” refers to a +/-10% variation from the nominal value. It is to be understood that such a variation is always included in a given value provided herein, whether or not it is specifically referred to.
• the present invention relates to the use of hemp and hemp derivatives as an infant formula base, which can be used as an alternative to soy, rice, dairy or other infant formula bases.
• the present invention relates to a novel infant formula base derived from hemp or a hemp derivative, such as hemp oil seeds.
• the invention is also directed to the use of the infant formula base in combination with other infant formula bases, and for a plurality of uses.
• compositions comprising protein, lipid, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals, wherein full or part of the content of these ingredients are derived from hemp or a hemp derivative.
• the invention is also directed, as a result, to nutritional products,
• hemp seed, hemp compositions and hemp derivatives as a nutritional additive to current formula bases.
• hemp based infant formulas can also be combined with milk base, soy base, rice base, hydrolyzed base and other marketed formula bases to improve upon their nutritional value.
• hemp seed in addition to hemp seed, such as flax seed and chi seed, legumes such as pea, and nutritional supplements such as spirulina may also be utilized in providing a food product that will provide a complete source of dietary protein, in an analogous manner as described above.
• oilseeds such as hemp in infant formula are many. They are lactose-free, and offer a vegetarian alternative to milk based infant formulas. Hemp based infant formulas are also of significant benefit for infants with intolerance to cow milk. Hemp can be added in varying amounts and in any combination to achieve a particular fortification level with other marketed bases.
• Hemp can also be added in different forms to achieve a particular or desired fortification level.
• the hemp can be provided in the form of a hulled and dehulled hemp seed, hemp concentrate, hemp protein powder, hemp isolate, hemp oil, hemp milk, or powdered hemp milk.
• the present invention also pertains to hemp based compositions and combinations with other formulations, including but not limited to dairy, soy, rice or hydrolyzed formulations. Hemp therefore can be used in fortified milks designed for children, combined with regular, speciality, and paediatric formulas, and generally as a hemp base for nutritional supplementation of various other formulations.
• each ingredient generally serves only one function.
• the protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals are all obtained by adding individual ingredients.
• the present invention aims to offer a source material that is rich in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, such that all or a significant amount of these nutrients can be provided from fewer ingredients, and without need for significant levels of processing such that a more natural nutritional source can be provided.
• hemp-based formulas described herein may also be provided in toddler formulations, follow on formulas, nutritional supplements, dietary supplements, milk beverages, and other compositions in which protein or other nutritional supplementation is desired.
• hemp-based formulas described herein may also be provided as a supplement to assist with lactation, for nutrition in elderly persons, as a pregnancy supplement, for DNA repair, as a reproduction aid or supplement for male/female infertility, as a dietary supplement for children, youth or adults, for treatment of undernourishment individuals, as a supplement to assist with treating degenerative diseases, depressive disorders or other health issues, or as a weight loss/weight control aid.
• the hemp-based formulas described herein may also be added to foods and snacks for adults and children to increase nutritional content, including nutritionally potent snacks to enhance/develop metal clarity, focus and energy.
• the hemp-based formulas described herein may be added to infant foods, nutritional supplements for children, snacks, bars, beverages, yogurt, cereal, porridge, frozen treats, ice cream, etc.
• an aqueous slurry is formed by mixing full hulled hemp seed with water.
• the slurry is further processed to remove the solid fraction from the liquid fraction, and the liquid hemp is then used by itself or added to e.g.
• liquid dairy, soy or other formula base to form either a hemp composition or a blended composition
• the composition is then further fortified as needed to balance the nutritional profile, additional proteins, lipids and carbohydrates may be added, vitamins and minerals may be added, and other optional ingredients may be added to produce the hemp-based or hemp-blended formula
• the composition may optionally be blended into a homogenized liquid mixture, and then dried to form a powder or simply left in liquid form as a ready to serve product.
• all ingredients can be combined in dry powder form, and further processed by mixing, milling, and/or blending techniques as known in the art.
• the formulation When provided in a liquid form, the formulation may be supplied as a ready-to-feed liquid, or as a concentrated liquid requiring dilution with additional water before feeding.
• the formulation When provided in a solid form, the formulation may be in a powdered form requiring addition with water prior to use, in a flake form requiring addition of water prior to use, or in other forms as would be apparent to the skilled person.
• the full hulled hemp seed may advantageously be used such that all of the fat from the seed remains in the milk, which adds a pleasant texture and full fat flavour to the milk. It also adds the full benefits of the nutrients from the seed, including added proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals,
• the hemp can be added to the dairy, rice, soy, or other base ingredient by the direct addition of a hemp concentrate, hemp protein powder, hemp isolate, hemp oil or hemp derivative into the liquid base mgredient
• the hemp concentrate, hemp protein powder, hemp isolate, hemp oil or hemp derivative may be in dry and/or liquid form, or a combination thereof as needed to achieve desired results.
• a source ingredient such as dairy, soy or rice may be added to a liquid hemp source, e.g. with the direct addition of whey, casein, whey concentrate, and/or other ingredients.
• protein sources may include: hemp seed, hemp protein, hemp protein isolate, hemp milk, whey powder, whey protein isolate / concentrate, milk protein isolate / concentrate, non-fat milk, non-fat milk isolate / concentrate, casein, skim milk, skim milk powder, skim milk isolate / concentrate, reduced mineral whey, partially hydrolyzed non-fat milk, fully hydrolyzed non-fat milk, partially hydrolyzed whey protein, fully hydrolyzed whey protein, soy protein, soy protein isolate, casein hydrolysate, free amino acids, amino acids, 100% free amino acids, small peptides, L-amino acids, rice concentrate, pea isolate / concentrate, goat's milk protein, goat's milk protein isolate / concentrate, spirulina, AFA, clergy sage, chia, flaxseed, yellow pea, quinoa, camu - camu, chlorella, dolse, kelp, and all other sources known to one
• lipid sources may include: hemp seed, hemp protein, hemp protein isolate / concentrate, hemp milk, hemp oil, rice concentrate, pea isolate / concentrate, goat's milk fat, cow's milk fat, high oleic vegetable oil, soy oil, MCT oil, LCT oil, coconut oil, DHA, ARA, palm olein oil, high oleic sunflower oil, refined vegetable oil, monodiglycerides, com oil, safflower oil, palm kernel oil, algal oil, aphamzomen - fios aquae (AFA), spirulina, clergy sage oil, evening primrose oil, flaxseed oil, rice bran oil, soy lecithin, oatbran oil, phenylethylamine (PEA), lipogen, and all other sources known to one skilled in the art.
• PHA phenylethylamine
• Carbohydrate sources may include; lactose, com syrup, maltodexrin, com syrup solid, corn syrup solid, high fructose com syrup, com, com maltodextrin, sucrose, modified tapioca starch, modified corn starch, tapioca starch, rice starch, fructose, yucon, dextrin, wood sugar, coconut palm sugar, coconut crystals, coconut sugar, agave, palm nectar, coconut sap sugar, and all other sources known to one skilled in the art.
• the formulations of the present invention may also contain one or more additional ingredients useful in such nutritional formulations, including those which are known in the art to be useful, as well as other ingredients that are not commonly used in the art, including spirulina, yellow pea, coconut palm sugar, palm sugar, coconut sap crystals, agave, succant, xylitol, yacon, and whole food vitamins.
• the invention relates to nutritional formulations, including but not limited to infant formulas, toddler formulas and nutritional supplements, comprising one or more of coconut palm sugar, palm sugar, coconut sap crystals, agave, succant, xylitol, or yacon, as a carbohydrate or whole food vitamin source.
• nutritional formulations including but not limited to infant formulas, toddler formulas and nutritional supplements, which comprise spirulina and/or yellow pea as a source of protein, lipid or carbohydrate, as a whole food vitamin source, or a combination thereof.
• the source ingredients for the formulation may be obtained from organic sources.
• the formulation is substantially free of chemicals, pesticides, antibiotics, hormones, herbicides, non-genetically modified plants and/or chemical solvents.
• a formulation as described herein may be prepared that has a low sugar count and/or is made with only unrefined sugars and/or natural sugars. Because hemp is balanced in nutritional content, formulations according to the present invention only require minimal additional sugars to be added. In such embodiments, it may be preferable to use coconut palm sugar or the like as a carbohydrate source additive.
• the formulation described herein can be prepared as a powdered hemp milk comprising full fat content.
• powdered hemp protein is manufactured by removing the lipid fraction, pressing the protein fraction and then dry blending the resulting powder.
• the full fat content of the hemp seed can be maintained by adding an emulsifying agent to prevent rancidity, and /or spray drying the liquid at a finer molecule size to prevent the fat from separating.
• the present invention provides a method for preparing an oil seed-based formulation without the application of heat in any of the processing steps, thereby maximizing the nutritive value of the final product and minimizing the destruction of enzymes and nutrients. Accordingly, the present invention provides a food product formulation for human consumption that can provide a complete source of dietary protein through oil seed protein.
• the ideal oil seed used is hemp seed, however other oil seeds, including but not hmited to, chia seed, flax seed, legumes such as pea, and nutrition supplements such as spirulina and AFA are also contemplated for use in connection with the present disclosure. It is contemplated that any of the oil seed-based food product formulations disclosed herein could be produced from just one of the oil seeds discussed herein, or alternatively a combination of two, three or four oil seeds as required by an instant application of the present disclosure. It will be understood that nutritional supplements such as spirulina and AFA are considered analogous to oil seeds for the purposes of the present disclosure.
• Hemp protein is unique to other plant proteins because it provides a quality source of:
• hemp protein is made up of the globulin protein edestin, which is similar to the protein found in human blood plasma, thereby making it particularly suitable for meeting ! the body's cellular needs and also easily digested and assimilated in the human body.
• Hemp protein has several advantages to other plant proteins.
• hemp protein can be extracted from hemp seed using cold pressing techniques, thus avoiding the addition of hanriful chemicals or heat during the processing, or the destruction of enzymes, vitamins and minerals in the final food product.
• Food products based on hemp are generally free of known allergens and oligosaccharides, the latter of which is found in many soy protein products and have been associated with gastrointestinal problems (Hemp Basics 16/12/2011).
• the oil seed-based food product of the present invention is produced through a formulation that comprises sufficient types and amounts of nutrients to help meet the ! targeted needs to the user.
• the user can range from a plurality of age groups as well as specific populations, including but not Umited to, infants, toddlers, children, pregnant and lactating women, men of reproductive age and vegans or vegetarians,
• the formulation comprises protein from oil seeds, lipids, carbohydrate, and preferably further comprises one or more of vitamins, minerals or combinations thereof.
• suitable oil seeds include, but are not limited to, hemp seed, chia seed, flax seed, and additional plant protein sources such as pea and spirulina. Such suitable oil seeds can be used either in combination or singularly to achieve the desired nutritional profile required by the instant application for the present disclosure.
• a number of nutritional additives including but not limited to, whey protein, soy meal, glucosamine, digestive enzymes, dehydrated milk powder, vitamins, sodium, cellulosic fibre, among any other suitable nutritional additives may be added to the hemp oilseed based food composition of the present invention as will be readily understood by the skilled person.
• These nutritional additives will be selected to provide a nutritional profile that is well- suited to the intended application of the present invention.
• the formulation may be prepared in a variety of product forms, including but not limited to, a ready-to-serve liquid form, or a powder form that can be reconstituted prior to human consumption into liquid form, or a powder form that can be added to other ingredients to produce a baked product for human consumption, or a protein supplement.
• the formulation may be prepared by mixing hemp oil seeds, water and optionally a plurality of other ingredients.
• the solid fraction is dehydrated and processed to form a powder,
• the liquid fraction can be utilized as is or the liquid can be freeze-dried and further processed to form a fine powder.
• oil seeds are mixed with water in a high speed blender in the absence of heat to produce a slurry
• the liquid is separated from the slurry through a separation device. This separation step is important to separate out the liquid, as well as remove any remaining hull from the oil seed that can adversely impact the absorption of nutrients in the final product.
• the resulting liquid can be utilized for various food products, including but not limited to, infant formulas, toddler formulas or beverages.
• the infant formula can form the entirety of an infant nutritional regime.
• the oil seed-based food product formulation of the present invention may be combined with other nutritional supplements in order to provide an infant nutritional regime that comprehensively supplies all of the essential vitamins, minerals, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and other nutritional characteristics that are required in the early stages of human life, in an analogous manner as mother's milk or other infant formulas.
• the oil seeds are mixed with a plurality of ingredients prior to blending.
• the oil seeds are hulled prior to mixing.
• the separation device is a fine mesh strainer, a traditional seed mill, a cold seed mill, a nut press, an industrial sieve, or centrifuge.
• the liquid formulations described above are mixed with one or mote flavours, including but not limited to, vanilla bean, choca-maca and assorted fruit flavours.
• the liquid is pasteurized prior to packaging.
• the liquid is flash frozen before or after packaging.
• the liquid formulation described above is freeze-dried and crushed to a powder.
• the freeze-drying is a method of dehydration in which the material is frozen and then the surrounding pressure is reduced to allow the water in the material to sublimate from the solid phase directly into the gas phase.
• This method is advantageous, and unique from other infant and toddler formulas currently on the market, as it allows for optimal enzyme retention during processing while maintaining shelf life.
• the resulting powder can be utilized for various products, including but not limited to, infant and toddler formula, prenatal supplements, adult protein supplement as well as in other food products.
• oil seeds are mixed with water in a high speed blender. In some embodiments, this blending will take place in the absence of heat.
• the liquid is removed from the slurry through a separation device, leaving a solid fraction. The solid fraction is then dehydrated and processed to farm a powder.
• the separation device is a fine mesh strainer, a nut press, an industrial sieve or centrifuge.
• the powder is added to a plurality of other ingredients to make various food products, mcluding but not limited to, baked goods such as cookies and nutrition bars.
• the formulation may optionally include a pre-soaking step for oil seeds wherein the oil seeds are soaked in water for approximately eight hours.
• the step of dehydrating the liquid fraction is performed such that during this process the fraction is never heated over 115°C in order to maintain the integrity of enzymes.
• the liquid fraction may be dehydrated using freeze-drying techniques, spray-drying techniques, refractory window drying techniques, drum drying techniques, solar greenhouse and tunnel drying techniques, absorption drying techniques, hot box drying techniques, indirect convection drying techniques, combined indirect and direct drying techniques, compressed air drying techniques, regenerative drying techniques, refrigerated drying techniques, deliquescent drying techniques, membrane drying techniques, infrared zone drying techniques and microwave vacuum drying techniques, among any other suitable dehydration techniques that will be readily understood by the skilled person.
• a pasteurization step will be undertaken at some point in the process of making the oil seed-based food product formulation.
• Appropriate pasteurization steps are well known in the art of food manufacturing and can be undertaken at a variety of temperatures and for a variety of time durations as required by the instant application.
• the liquid fraction recovered from the aforementioned methods is pasteurized in order to destroy harmful bacteria yet maintain the integrity of enzymes found in the liquid fraction.
• UHT Ultra High Pasteurization
• UHT Ultra High Pasteurization
• the liquid fraction described above is blended with a plurality of other dehydrated ingredients.
• the liquid fraction is further spray dried.
• the liquid or spray dried fraction is blended with other current infant formulations, or other ingredients commonly used in the art
• the powder is mixed with water for use as an infant or toddler formula, or is used as a protein supplement for children and adults.
• the present oil-seed based food product formulation may be used as a nutritional additive to existing food products, or alternatively can be used on its own as a stand-alone food product.
• Existing food products contemplated for use in connection with the present invention include, but are not limited to, milk powders, dairy products, processed cereals, frozen meals and confectioneries, prepackaged beverages, and snack foods, baby foods, among any other suitable food product that will be readily understood by the skilled person.
• the above-described steps of blending, mixing, separation, dehydration, and crushing, among other process steps may be optionally repeated multiple times in order to achieve an oil seed-based food product formulation that has the desired properties for the instant application.
• the oil seed may be soaked, mixed with water, blended (e.g. in a high speed blender), separated into liquid and solid fractions using a centrifuge, (or alternatively a nut press), dehydrated using spray-drying techniques, and then may be further crushed to result in a fine powder.
• liquid fraction is combined with other base ingredients, providing a liquid composition integrating all of the nutrients of the finished formulation.
• the final composition is spray dried at a high temperature air flow. This is used to achieve superior homogeneity and physical functionalities such as solubility, stability and dissolution.
• a product can be obtained with desirable properties of the resulting powder, including appearance, bulk density and flow ability, suitable for infant formulas and the like.
• Formulations of the present invention prepared using methods of the present invention, can also be used for sports, clinical and special needs applications, with exclusively hemp protein content.
• the raw materials can be in either liquid or powder form.
• all the ingredient bases are blended together in a clean water and/or milk solution.
• the composition may consist of hemp protein isolate, water, sweeteners, lipids, fibers, vitamins and minerals.
• the combined formulation, in liquid form may go through a mixing stage, a pre-treating stage, and a cooling stage resulting in a homogenous liquid.
• the homogenous liquid then goes through a pre-heating stage, a concentration stage or evaporation stage, a heat treatment stage, a homogenization stage, and finally a spray drying stage resulting in a nutritionally dense hemp based powder,
• the fine powder may be blended with water and mixed, separated and dehydrated a second time to result in a dehydrated oil seed-based food product formulation that has desirable properties for a particular application.
• the fine powder may be mixed with other nutritional additives, rehydrated and then packaged as a liquid oil seed-based food product formulation as will be discussed in furtlier detail both above and below, among other arrangements that will be readily understood by the skilled person.
• any of the powder formulations described above is used as a protein supplement for childten or adults, as a base for nutrient dense baked goods, as an all purpose flour for baking, or it can be added to pureed baby foods or cereals.
• the powder formulations described above can be mixed with one or more flavours, including but not limited to, vanilla bean, choca-maca and assorted fruit flavours.
• the formulations described above may provide a variety of caloric densities depending on the particular needs of the user, such as specialty formulations for pre term infants, toddlers / children, or adults,
• liquid formulations described above can be frozen for use as ftozen treats for toddlers or children, or as frozen soothers for teething.
• liquid or powder formulations described above are packaged in a number of different ways.
• the liquid formulation is packaged in pre-sterilized containers, including but not limited to Tetrapak, shelf stable containers such as brick, gable top, liquid aseptic packaging, roll fed liquid aseptic packaging and single serve juice boxes.
• the boxes are sterilized seconds before the liquid is added thus killing unhealthy bacteria that might enter the container.
• the liquid or powder formulation is packaged into heat resistant and light resistant containers for shelf-life stability.
• Hemp provides all of the amino acids, essential fatty acids and protein necessary for proper growth and development of growing children and pregnant / nursing women. It is a dense source of trace minerals. There are no known allergies to hemp, and hemp is more digestible then dairy or soy which makes the product suitable for premature infants, infants with allergies, digestive issues as well as parents who prefer a vegetarian option for breastmilk supplementation. Hemp requires minimal processing compared to other infant formula bases, which keeps the nutrients and enzymes intact and is very important in an ideal breastmilk substitute. Hemp is free of estrogens, is more digestible, is hypoallergenic, requires no fertilizers, pesticides, and can grow in almost any climate. Hemp is GMO - free. As a crop it has many benefits to soil propagation and can be grown in fields as a rotation crop providing additional income to fanners and benefiting the environment at the same time. Every part of the plant is usable from seed, to Ieafj to stalk.
• Hemp has been used in many ancient societies as a medicine and food, and is recommended by the World Health Organization as a part of a balanced diet for children ages 2-6.
• the World Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Early Nutrition Academy, and the Child Health Foundation recommend that pregnant and lactating women consume an average of at least 200 mg DHA daily.
• J Perinat Med. 20Q8;36(1):5-14 Hemp is an excellent source of ALA, which converts to DHA in the body.
• hempseed Approximately 44% of the weight of hempseed is edible oils, containing about 80% essential fatty acids (EFAs); e.g., linoleic acid, omega-6 (LA, 55%), alpha-linolenic acid, omega-3 (ALA, 22%), in addition to gamma-linolenic acid, omega-6 (GLA, 1-4%) and stearidonic acid, omega-3 (SDA, 0-2%).
• ESA essential fatty acids
• Proteins (including edestin) are the other major component (33%), second only to soy (35%).
• Hemp is a rich source of EFAs, about 80% (essential fatty acids) which are comprised of omega 3, 6 and 9 groupings, EFAs are essential for proper development, function and healing of all tissues and organs and the maintenance of all the body's systems.
• the Omega 3 group consists of the essential fatty acid ALA (Alpha linoleic Acid) which cannot be manufactured by the body and must be obtained in the diet.
• ALA can be converted to EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) in healthy bodies, but there are some conditions that render this process insufficient.
• omega 6 grouping consists of LA (linoleic acid) which can be converted to AA (arachidonic acid) and DGLA (dihomo- gamma - linoleic acid), Together, omega 3 and omega 6 groups are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
• LA lainoleic acid
• AA arachidonic acid
• DGLA dihomo- gamma - linoleic acid
• omega 3 and omega 6 groups are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA).
• PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acids
• EFA deficiency is linked to many diseases and disorders, including but not limited to:
• ADD ADHD
• Autism spectrum disorder including Asperger's, depression, dyslexia, dyspraxia;
• Hemp seed contains about 55% LA (lipoic acid) and 22% ALA (alpha-lipoic acid).
• LA / LA are powerful anti-oxidants.
• Many studies have been conducted to show that free radicals found in food, water and our environment cause oxidative reactions in the cells resulting in many degenerative diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, diabetes, heart diseases, arthritis, and neurological diseases such as ADD / ADHD and possibly Autism.
• Anti- oxidants have been shown in many studies to halt and even reverse damage to the cells caused by free- radical damage. This indicates that a diet rich in anti-oxidants can slow or even prohibit the development of oxidative diseases.
• High doses of ALA is currently used to treat diabetic conditions as well as some neurodegenerative diseases.
• LA has neuro-protective implications and can be used in prevention of DNA strand breakage due to free radical damage
• the most common source of ALA and LA is fatty fish and fish oils, which provide an abundant source of DHA
• Some of the concerns have been the findings of toxic substances found in fish oil which has resulted in physicians no longer recommending the use of fish oil by pregnant and lactating mothers or to children.
• Hemp is an excellent source of omega 3 s, providing the necessary precursors to DHA and has many environmental benefits.
• GLA gama- linoleic acid
• PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids
• GLA are considered necessary for proper growth and development of all tissues and organs.
• ALA and LA can be converted into GLA, but dietary sources of GLA are helpful for those with compromised immune systems, diseases or for pregnant and lactating women as women in this group require more GLA, ALA and LA.
• GLA is most known for its anti-inflammatory properties.
• hemp is a better overall source of protein. This can be concluded because hemp has a more balanced amino acid profile. It contains the ideal balance of omega 3 and 6, has higher digestive absorbability, and there are no known allergies to hemp.
• Most notably, hemp is approximately 65% edistin and 33% albumin.
• Edistin and albumin are globular proteins. Globular proteins are necessary for manufacturing and maintenance of all enzymes, antibodies, many hormones, hemoglobin and fibrogen. Globulins also makeup the fluid aspect of blood.
• Albumin is a foetal plasma pTOtein that is water soluble.
• hemp is the only source that contains all 21 amino acids, and the only source with perfectly balanced omega 3 and 6 for human development and optimal health,
• hemp protein In summary, some of the notable benefits of hemp protein are as follows:
• albumin which is a globular protein in foetal plasma is non allergenic, and easily digestible
• vitamins A is high in vitamins and minerals including: vitamins A, B 1 , B2, B6, C, D, and E;
• hemp as an infant formula base is, at least in certain embodiments, more beneficial to infant health, A hemp base may also be added, in other embodiments, to other formula bases to increase the nutritional, digestive, and taste quality,
• Soy is the highest source of bioavailable protein. Soy has about 35% usable protein, wheras hemp is about 33%, rendering hemp the second most bioavailable protein source. However, hemp is more digestible and absorbable than soy. Therefore, hemp as described herein is believed to be a better source of protein then soy for infant formula. Soy also contains ogliosaccharides, which can cause stomach upset, bloating and gas. In addition, soy contains trypsin inhibitors that block the absorption of protein and can cause kidney toxicity. Soy has further been shown to increase estrogen production in female and male infants, leading to hormonal imbalances. Organic soy is a better option for infant formula than non-organic soy.
• Hemp contains all EFAs, aniino acids and proteins appropriate for human growth. Hemp does not cause allergic reaction, stomach upset, gas or bloating because the amino acid and EFAs are in the ideal balance for absorption. Due to the higher digestibility of hemp than soy and the protein content of 65% edistins and 33% albumin, hemp is a better quality protein then soy for human consumption. However, many parents may still choose to use soy infant formula and therefore it is contemplated that hemp base added to soy based infant formula would increase the nutritional density and digestibility of soy, enhance the absorption properties, add ideal ratios of EFAs, would lessen the amount of estrogen in soy formulations and provide better taste. It is also contemplated that hemp based infant formula could completely replace the use of soy as an infant formula base, Dairy Formulations
• Hemp has all of the health benefits of dairy based formulas without any of the side effects and allergies that many children experience from dairy infant formula consumption. Hemp is inexpensive to produce and benefits the environment, while dairy milk is very expensive ⁇ time consuming and environmentally taxing.
• a single dairy cow will consume 95 to 100 liters of water per day, and eat 75 - 100 lbs. of feed per day. This is enough food and water to feed 10 people per day and provide clean water to 50 people daily.
• a single heifer to pasture requires four acres of grazing land. By contrast, 4 acres of hemp produces 128,000 lbs. of seed, whereas a single dairy cow will produce approximately 19,826 lbs. of milk per year. The entire hemp crop is useful for various industrial products.
• Hemp fields require no pesticides, herbicides, vaccines or hormones. Hemp plants grow a deep tap root and draw water from deep within the earth, thus reducing the overall demand for clean water resources, Hemp also requires 0 to very moderate fertilizer. It is considered that a dairy base blended with a hemp base for infant formula would have both economical and health benefits.
• Hydrolyzed protein was developed to provide a more digestible protein to premature infants and infants with a compromised ability to absorb dairy or soy based formulas. Hydrolyzation is a process in which the proteins are broken down into smaller protein chains, rendering the protein more digestible. Currently any infant formula labeled "hypoallergenic" has been completely hydrolyzed. Due to the extreme processing of these formulations there are no naturally retained enzymes or nutrients - these must be added, together with a great deal of sweetener (+40%) to remedy the unpalatable taste.
• hypoallergenic formulations are corn syrup solid or high fructose corn syrup. Having to offset the taste of highly processed infant formulas with 40% + corn syrup or high fructose corn syrup has had devastating effects on childrens' health.
• Hemp used as a base has the benefit of providing a hypoallergenic protein that is easily digestible, without the need for high processing or added sweetener.
• Goat milk based infant formula is considered more digestible than either dairy or soy and has a lower saturated fat content than dairy milk.
• goat milk is not hypoallergenic and some children do not enjoy the taste or smell, which is described as "gamey”. Due to the smell and taste, goat milk has not been as popular as a base for infant formula as dairy or soy. Hemp has a naturally sweet, nutty flavor with a rich, fatty palette, much like breast millc, and which many people find pleasant.
• the natural sweetness and richness of the hemp base requires less sweetener than other formulations, and is more palatable than soy, hydrolyzed protein, or goat based formulations. It is contemplated that, in certain embodiments, hemp could also be added to goat based infant formulas to improve the taste and nutritional profile,
• Rice protein based formulations are considered a hypoallergenic alternative to soy or dairy. Rice is a main food stay and source of protein in many countries. However, these formulations require fortification with the amino acids lysine and threonine. Also, they do not have a complete fatty acid profile and must therefore be fortified with omega 3s and 6s. Rice protein bases are not as popular as dairy or soy. It is contemplated that, in certain embodiments, hemp could also be added to rice formulations to supply the full spectrum of amino acids and EFAs without having to fortify with hydrolyzed or isolated ingredients. Ingredients and Additives to Hemp Based Formulations
• Protein sources spirulina, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA; blue-green algae), dairy, whey, skim milk, goat milk, rice protein, soy protein, hydrolyzed proteins, pea protein (specifically yellow pea protein), clary sage, and all other protein sources as would be known to those in the art.
• AFA Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
• dairy whey, skim milk, goat milk, rice protein
• soy protein soy protein
• hydrolyzed proteins pea protein (specifically yellow pea protein), clary sage, and all other protein sources as would be known to those in the art.
• Lipid sources coconut oil, hemp oil, vegetable oil, fish oil, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) / arachidonic acid (AA or sometimes ARA), as well as all other lipid sources as would be known . to those in the art.
• DHA docosahexaenoic acid
• AA arachidonic acid
• ARA arachidonic acid
• Carbohydrate sources coconut palm sugar, palm sugar, coconut sap crystals, agave, succant, xylatol / wood sugar, yacon, as well as all other carbohydrate sources as would be known to those in the art.
• Vitamins / Minerals whole food based vitamin and mineral blend as well as all other vitamin and mineral sources as would be known to those in the art.
• ingredients of spirulina, blue- green algae (AFA), coconut palm sugar and whole food vitamins are not currently used in infant formula.
• Spirulina is an excellent source of essential fatty acids including DHA which many studies indicate are important for optimal development of fetuses, to support healthy pregnancy and lactation.
• Spirulina's lipid content is about 7% by weight, and is rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), and also provides alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), Iinoleic acid (LA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA or ARA).
• GLA gamma-linolenic acid
• ALA alpha-linolenic acid
• LA Iinoleic acid
• SDA stearidonic acid
• EPA eicosapentaenoic acid
• DHA docosahexaenoic acid
• AA or ARA arachidonic acid
• Spirulina contains vitamins Bl (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (mcotinamide), B6 (pyridoxine), B9 (folic acid), vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin A and vitamin E. It is also a source of potassium, calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, sodium and zinc, Spimlina contains many pigments which may be beneficial and bioavailable, including beta-carotene, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll-a, xanthophyll, echinenone, mvxoxanthophyll, canmaxanthin,diatoxanthin, 3'-hydroxyechinenone, beta-cryptoxanthin and oscillaxanthin, plus the phycobiliproteins c-phycocyanin andallophycocyanin.
• the nutritional information for dried spirulina is shown below.
• beta-carotene 342 ⁇ g (3%)
• Vitamin B6 0.364 mg (28%)
• Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults, Source: USDA Nutrient Database. Medical Benefits of AF A (Blue Green Algae);
• AFA is a significant source of plant based DHA, There are two species of AFA blue green algae, most are toxic to humans with the exception of Klamath Lake Organic Blue Green Algae. This species is unique and has many benefits to human health. Klamath Lake Blue Green Algae has all 8 essential amino acids, 12 vitamins, 27 naturally occurring or essential minerals, and 11 pigments some of which are precursors to other vitamins, enzymes and co-enzymes. Along with beta-carotene, AFA also contains bioflavmoids, RNA, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, selenium, and cysteine, making AFA one of the highest known sources of naturally occurring anti-oxidants or free radical scavengers.
• AFA contains a full spectrum of vitamins, unusually complete for any single food. It is rich in B Vitfunins, and contains the highest vegetable source of Vitamin B-12 and beta-caxotene. Two grams of AFA provide an equal amount of beta carotene to 80 grams of carrots, 1200 grams of iceberg lettuce, four tomatoes, or four cooked eggs. The nutritional information for AFA is shown below.
• Essential Amino Acid Composition :
• Vitamin Composition Per Gram of Algae Provitamin A Beta Carotene 2260 IU
• DHA is important for proper development of the fetus during pregnancy, proper visual and brain development in infants and children. DHA also supports healthy, longer term pregnancy as well as healthy lactation. DHA from fish oil or algal oil are currently the most common sources used in infant formulations and recommended to pregnant and nursing mothers. However, recent studies indicate that due to allergies to fish and high levels of mercury contamination in fish oil products many doctors are no longer recommending fish oil to pregnant women and children. Algal oil is a typical source of DHA and EPA in infant formulas. However, extraction methods using toxic compounds such as hexane have caused harm to infants and a pull back by industry to continue to use this product. AFA is an excellent alternative to fish oil and algal oil.
• AFA is an excellent source of plant based DHA / EPA. It does not require harsh chemical extraction as in algal oil, and does not contain toxic heavy metals as in fish oil, is a vegetarian source and is easily assimilated. Therefore AFA is an ideal source for DHA / EPA in infant formula,
• coconut palm sugar can be used as a replacement for other carbohydrate sources and sweeteners typically used in the art.
• Nitrogen (N) help treat cardiovascular diseases
• Phosphorus (P) important for bone growth, kidney function and cell growth
• K Potassium
• Calcium (Ca) important for strong bone and teeth, and for muscle growth
• Chloride (Cl) corrects the pressure of body fluids and balance the nervous system Sulfur (S) important for healthy hair, skin and nails, also helps maintain oxygen balance for proper brain function.
• Zinc (Zn) called the "nutrient of intelligence" - is necessary for mental development Manganese (Mn) has antioxidant, free-radical-fighting properties, and is important for proper food digestion and for normal bone structure Iron (Fe) important for the quality of blood, mental development and the immune system
• Copper (Cu) helps to release energy, helps in melanin production in the skin, helps in the production of red blood cells and aids in the absorption and transport of iron.
• Coconut palm sugar is made from the nectar produced from the coconut tree (Cocos nucifera). Once collected, it is boiled and processed into a granule. As such it is a simple process, and a very simple and pure product. Coconut palm sugars produce slow release energy, which sustains the human body through daily activities without sugar "highs" and "lows”.
• coconut palm sugar is naturally low on the Glycemic Index (GI), which has benefits for weight control and improving glucose and lipid levels in people with diabetes (type 1 and type 2).
• GI Glycemic Index
• Most commercial agaves are GI 42, honeys are GI 55 and cane sugars are GI 68.
• Corn syrup has a GI rating over 55, and high- fructose corn syrup has a rating of 100. Studies have shown that introducing babies to solid food too soon significantly raises their chances of becoming obese,
• Natural and synthetic vitamins and minerals are commonly added to infant formulations to increase the nutritional content to and to closely match the nutritional composition of breast milk.
• the formulations described herein are nutritionally dense without the need for adding vitamins and minerals, These whole - food vitamin and mineral sources are superior to the "natural” and “synthetic" sources commonly used today.
• Synthetic vitamins and minerals are made or processed with petroleum derivatives or hydrogenated sugars, Vitamins in food are not crystalline and never isolated, and are thus chemically structured differently. Synthetic vitamins lack the enzymes, coenzymes, minerals, mineral activators, and co- itamin helpers that occur in natural sources. Some of these synthetic vitamins can also be very toxic due to their extraction methods. The side effects vary but include gastrointestinal diseases, neurotoxicity, vomiting, diarrhea, reproductive toxicity, allergic skin reactions, and some forms of cancer. "Natural " vitamins and minerals are isolated from plant and mineral sources, however they are still highly processed and lack the enzymes, coenzymes, mineral activators, and co-vitamin helpers required for full assimilation.
• Whole food vitamins and minerals are derived by dehydration or hydrosols preparation, which does not alter the plants' cellular structure. This full cellular structure is recognized by the body as food rather than an isolate, and is easily assimilated into the blood and tissues, For this reason, the use of wholefood vitamins and minerals is considered to be superior to synthetic and natural vitamins, and is preferred for the formulations described herein.
• Infant formula by definition, is a very complex formulation for the purpose of providing an infant with their only source of nutrients. Therefore the formulation, manufacturing, sterilization, and packaging of these products is highly regulated and requires a special license, regular inspections, and constant communications with health boards.
• the blending stage in the preparation of an infant formula is important for incorporating the various ingredients into the liquid.
• the behavior of each ingredient must be considered for its heat sensitivity, solubility characteristics, reactions with other components, tirring conditions, and foam functionalities, resulting in a homogeneous solution containing all of the components of the finished product starting from a powder, solid, or syrup form.
• the formulations can be used to prepare a nutrient dense hemp based baked product for consumption by toddlers, children or adults.
• a nutrient dense hemp based baked product for consumption by toddlers, children or adults.
• the ingredients are blended in a high speed blender and the liquid is separated by way of an industrial press, centrifuge or sieve.
• the resulting cake is dehydrated and then blended into a fine powder.
• the powder can then be utilized as an all purpose flour for preparing a plurality of baked goods, such as cookies, bars, cereals and cakes.
• ingredients used in the above example may include, but are not limited to, hulled hemp seed, spring water, raw blended whole foods multivitamin / greens supplement, alphanizomenon - flos aquea (AFA), guar gum, whole coconut butter, coconut sap sugar and assorted flavorings,
• ingredients used in the above example may include, but are not limited to, 50% whole hemp seed, 50% almonds, spring water, liquid multivitamin, Alphanizomenon - flos aquea, banana, and agave nectar.
• Whole hemp seeds are soaked in distilled water for eight hours. The hemp seed is then washed and added to a high speed blender with a plurality of other ingredients and blended into a slurry, The slurry is poured through a series of fine mesh strainers to separate the liquid from a cake-like substance. The liquid is flash frozen into containers for shipping.
• the ingredients may include, but are not limited to, whole hemp seeds, spring water, liquid multi vit min) Alphanizomenon - flos aquea (AFA), iron, banana, agave nectar.
• AFA Alphanizomenon - flos aquea
• Hulled hemp seed and a plurality of other ingredients are blended in a high speed blender and the liquid is separated by way of industrial press and sieve.
• the resulting solid f action is dehydrated and then crushed into a fine powder,
• the powder is then suitable as powdered baby formula for infants or toddlers or as a dehydrated protein supplement for infants / children/ adults.
• the powder may also be further utilized as a base for nutrient dense cookies, snacks, bars, mixed into pureed baby foods, into cereals, or as a final all purpose flour for a healthy pre - boxed baking.
• the ingredients may include but axe not limited to hulled hemp seeds, spring water, raw blended whole foods multivitamin / greens supplement, Alphanizomenon - flos aquea (AFA), guar gum, whole coconut butter, coconut sap sugar,
• AFA Alphanizomenon - flos aquea
• liquid formulations are flash-heated and packaged into various sizes of tetra pak containers for shelf stability, and ready-to-pour ease. This method can be utilized for various products including but not limited to infant and toddler formulas, drink boxes, for pre-natal nutrition beverages, lactation support beverages, or sports nutrition beverages.
• the liquid formulations are flash-frozen, freeze-dried, and powdered into a shelf-stable powder product packaged in a heat resistant/light resistant container.
• This method can be utilized for various products including but not limited to the infant / toddler formula lines, the pre-natal supplement line, the lactation support line, the adult protein supplement line as well as in high end animal food products.
• EXAMPLE 7 Infant Formula Compositions
• hemp seed formulations comprising a total of 1%, 2.5% and 5% hulled hemp seed in various combinations of a dairy based infant formula.
• increasing the hemp seed composition while at the same time reducing the dairy content mamtains each of the protein, fat and carbohydrate content of the formula within targets set by the FDA for nutritional content in infant formula.
• hemp is so high in protein and has all of the required fats that a small amount may only be needed to meet FDA guidelines for an infant formula. For this reason, regardless if it used alone or added to another protein source such as dairy, it must be carefully balanced with the content of the other components of the formula to remain within recommended nutritional content limits. Hemp may in certain formulations be added in amounts up to about 4.5 grm / 100 kcal. Lower amounts of hemp will typically be used if combined with another formula base, such as dairy or soy.
• Hemp seeds provide a "complete" protein profile. Hemp seeds contain all the essential amino acids that we need from our diet. This means that hemp products are excellent substitutes for animal products and animal based foods. These, too, are a good source of complete proteins, but they have the disadvantage of containing more omega 6 and omega 9 fats, which can unbalance the diet, attributing to disease.
• FIG. 1 An example of a flow diagram for the production of hemp Liquid is shown in Fig, 1.
• Hemp seeds are harvested, cleaned, hulled, and may optionally be pressure cooked to loosen the hull (pressure cooking is not required, but may in certain embodiments be desirable).
• the cooked hemp seeds are ground by a number of grinders that transform the seeds into a milky slurry, The slurry is placed in a centrifuge that extracts any insoluble bits of seeds.
• the separated hemp liquid is the main raw material to make some hemp liquid products blended with vitamins, flavorings, and carbohydrates, dairy milk, additional arnino acids and lipids and then sterilized and homogenized.
• the infant formula is cooled and packaged in such a way that it is never exposed to air for prepared liquid consumption,
• hemp seeds are harvested and brought to the plant, the seeds are cleaned in a grain elevator or bin on or off premises, using some clean water.
• the hemp seeds may optionally be steamed and split in half. This loosens the hull on the seed. A vacuum sucks off the hulls.
• hemp seeds are cooked in order to invalidate, or counteract, a specific enzyme which makes them indigestible to humans. This cooking occurs in the Enzyme Invalidator, in which the de-hulled hemp seeds are cooked using high pressure, water, and high temperature (creating very hot live steam) to invalidate that enzyme.
• Rough grinding The (uncooked or cooked) hemp seeds then fall into the first rough grinder or mill. Water is added to the machine and the seed pieces are roughly ground in this first milling.
• Extracting A large centrifuge is then used to extract the tiny bits of hemp seed that are insoluble and cannot be included in the finished product These particles are separated from the hemp slurry using a centrifuge.
• a rubber roller presses the hemp slurry against the surface of a drum within the centrifuge, forcing the liquid inside the drum while the fibers remain on the outside of the drum, The drum is then scraped of these fibers and remaining hulls. These hemp hulls and fibers ate physically removed from the production process at this time.
• a separate process dries the waste fiber for use in other products such as baked goods, protein powder and animal feed,
• the fiber-less hemp liquid is raw hemp liquid at this point and is pasteurised to make it stable (in particular microbiology) and can be blended with other ingredients.
• FIG. 2 An example of a flow diagram for the production of hemp protein isolate is shown in Fig. 2.
• Hemp protein isolate is the most concentrated form of low-fat, and high-protein nutrition currently available,
• the principles used in the production of hemp protein isolate are basically simple. Using defatted hemp flour or flakes as the starting material, the protein is first dissolved in water. The resulting solution is then separated from the solid residue, Finally, the protein is precipitated from the solution, and then separated and dried- Protein extraction: The hemp meal is mixed with water and isoelectrically adjusted so that the majority of the protein goes into solution. This protein-rich solution must then be separated from the solid matter.
• a traditional configuration for doing this features extraction consisting of vibrating and rotary screens, followed by optional purification and concentration.
• Protein precipitation The protein solution is now isoelectrically adjusted still further so that the protein can be precipitated.
• the solidified protein (known as cake) must then be separated out.
• Cake washing The precipitated protein (cake) is separated from the supernatant (whey) using a decanter centrifuge. This cake must then be washed in order to remove any whey residues. Thorough washing is an important step in obtaining hemp protein isolate of high purity. The protein content in the product is now 90% or more (based on solids). The by-product from the extraction contains fibers and the remaining undissolved proteins. Depending on the final use of the hemp protein isolate - be it in fortified energy drinks, or in powdered infant formula/baby food - the protein solution can be pasteurized or UHT treated before.
• Spray Drying Hemp protein isolate is spray dried in a tower using atotnization by high pressure nozzles and a high drying air temperature.
• the high protein content in the concentrate makes it very viscous. Low total solids content is then necessary in the feed and the resulting powder will consist of fine particles. To avoid powder loss, the process air is passed through bag filters. By selecting a fluidized spray dryer, it will be possible to produce an agglomerated free-flowing powder.
• the water used for soaking and extracting the hemp flakes contains carbohydrates and salts.
• the water is removed by evaporation and after condensation polished in a reverse osmosis plant.
• the water can now be used for cleaning purposes or returned to the extraction process thereby saving water.
• the concentrate the carbohydrates and salts are mixed with the fiber/undissolved protein fraction from the extraction. This mixture is then dried in a Ring Dryer and used for animal feed.
• Powder handling and packaging Both SPI and by-products can be conveyed to silos and bagged off in suitable bags.
• EXAMPLE 10 Processing of Finished Products From Raw Hemp Milk or Hemp Protein Isolate Processing of UHT hemp milk and nutritional drinks from hemp milk:
• Blending Hemp liquid is injected into large tanks and flavorings, sugar, and vitamins are mixed separately in smaller tanks in case of formulated products from hemp milk base. Ingredients of the smaller tank are infused into the larger tanks, thus blending the flavors with the raw "milk”.
• the hot “milk” is sent to the homogenizer. This breaks down the fat particles and prevents them from separating from the rest of the mixture.
• the homogenizer which is essentially a high-pressure piston pump
• the hot “milk” is blended as it is drawn into the pump cylinder and then forced back out in a repetitive motion.
• Cooling Next, the hot “milk” is piped to the cooling tank. Here, the hot “milk” passes next to cold plates that lower the temperature of the hemp "milk” to room temperature.
• Packaging A very important part of the production is the aseptic packaging of the product.
• Packaging machines have been developed for this product that are able to mechanically package the product without exposing it to air.
• the cooled "milk” is sent to this packaging machine which has a ribbon of flat packaging (cardboard) threaded into it.
• the packaging surrounds the "milk” and a cutter cuts through the cardboard packaging and the "milk", simultaneously folding the package and sealing the milk within it.
• a machine glues a plastic spout onto the sealed package. From here, the product is sent to an automatic sorter that packs a case and places it on a pallet.
• Nutritional powders dedicated to specific needs, such as infant formulas (also referred to as baby food) production requites the best in processing equipment to meet the strict requirements of product quality and hygiene that is required by health authorities.
• the composition of the product is one aspect - to meet the specific nutritional functionalities of the consumer - another is the powder properties - appearance and bulk density. This is of vital importance to obtain the right dosage, it is important to ensure that the product is instantly dissolved, e.g. in the water, leaving no lumps (e.g. which can block the sucking action).
• Full spray drying a liquid integrating all the nutrients of the finished formula is spray dried in a tower using high temperature air flow. This technology is used to reach the best homogeneity of the product aud provide the best physical functionalities of the products (solubility, dissolution, etc.). Powders with high protein content have a very high affinity to water. During re-wetting, such powders dissolve so quickly that the particle surface instantly turns into a gel, which prevents further water penetration. Dry blending: different bases of powders and/or powder ingredients are blended together in order to obtain a homogeneous product This technology is currently used but is limited concerning the final specifications of the product.
• FIG. 3 An example of a process for preparing the nutritional powder form is illustrated in Fig. 3.
• Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example of a spray drying system that can be used in the production a nutritional powder form.
• Raw materials for the production of nutritional products may be either in powder form or a liquid such as oil or milk. All the ingredients bases are blended together in a liquid (clean water and/or milk), Depending on how the pre-mixing has been carried out and the composition of the pre- mix, it is possible to evaporate the concentrate to the final solids content before spray drying.
• Raw materials reception, mixing and pre-treatment The blending stage is very important as various ingredients can be incorporated into a liquid. Behaviour of each one has to be considered, such as heat sensitivity, solubility characteristics, reactions with other components, stirring conditions, foam functionalities, etc.
• the main target is to prepare a homogeneous solution including all the different components of the finished product, starting from powder ingredients, syrups and liquid forms.
• the order of incorporation of the different raw materials can in certain embodiments be important, to make possible the complete dissolution of each one while avoiding chemical reactions. Reducing the incorporation of air is also important for the further processing steps, as air changes the efficiency of the technologies impact.
• Main parameters to be considered are temperature, stirring conditions, acidity control, dry matter content, viscosity and mixing time.
• Concentration by evaporation is a method of removing water by boiling.
• concentration by evaporation is carried out under a partial vacuum to reduce the processing temperature (between 40°C and 80°C).
• An evaporator is typically multistage type (called effect) with either mechanical or thermal vapour recompression.
• the evaporators can be provided with built in pre-heaters, pasteurizers, and flash coolers depending on the application.
• the pre-heated product solution enters into the evaporator forming a thin film all around the internal tubes and by gravity, product internal water can be evaporated.
• the product solution becomes more and more concentrated with solids and obviously more and more viscous. Due to the composition and the viscosity, a limit of evaporation needs to be determined to make possible the transportation of the products especially using pumps and tubes.
• the concentrated product is about 48 °Cor 65 °C to avoid any growth of thermophilic bacteria.
• Nutritional powders usually contain proteins and fat. To ensure the stability of the product during the reconstitution with water and avoid any oxidation during the storage of the powders before consuming, homogenisation is very important
• Spray Drying Prior to atomization, the product is pre-concentrated and possibly preheated. The feed should remain liquid and the viscosity kept sufficiently low to allow for proper atomization. However, a higher concentration of dry matter in the feed to the dryer results in reduced energy consumption of the overall process and the powder achieves a higher density.
• Spray dryers are equipped with a rotary atomizer or high-pressure nozzles. For maximum operational flexibility some dryers can be designed for nozzle as well as rotary atomization. This allows the plant operator to choose the best atomization system for specific products.
• Air dispetsers are designed to fit and to ensure maximum contact between particles and drying air whilst preventing wet particles reaching the chamber wall,
• the spray drying chamber is sized for the required capacity, and the design is chosen to match the type of atomization used and the product to be dried.
• Some chambers are equipped with static, integrated fluid beds for better energy utilisation and gentler product treatment at lower temperatures.
• the drying chambers have a conical base where the first separation of powder and drying air takes place.
• the remaining dust from the drying air is removed in a cyclone and/or bag filter.
• Conventional spray dryers work with cyclones, which are still in use for some applications >
• most modern spray dryers are equipped with a bag filter, which can be cleaned in place, From this bag filter, the powder fraction can be recycled to the process, giving insignificant powder loss.
• the powder fraction from the bag filter or the cyclone is recycled to the process, where it can be used for agglomeration.
• Agglomeration is quite important for this type of nutritional powder as reconstitution, e.g. into water, is a critical property for the consumer. Products need to be easy dissolved, with no deposits or insoluble material, and homogeneous. Agglomeration allows for all these properties, including the powder density control which is important for the packing.
• powders are stable during the storage but to avoid any damage or deterioration of any properties, the powder products are packed under controlled atmosphere with a residual oxygen content less than 2%, using a blend of nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas. Shelf life of the powder products can be easily 24 months at ambient temperature,

Landscapes

• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Nutrition Science (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Pediatric Medicine (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dairy Products (AREA)
• Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)

Priority Applications (5)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=49221743

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (20)

Families Citing this family (29)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2013
  • 2013-03-18 WO PCT/CA2013/000262 patent/WO2013138906A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2013-03-18 CN CN201380025657.7A patent/CN104302193A/zh active Pending
  • 2013-03-18 EP EP13764174.2A patent/EP2897471A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-03-18 US US14/385,580 patent/US20150079235A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-03-18 AU AU2013234830A patent/AU2013234830A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2014
  • 2014-10-16 PH PH12014502320A patent/PH12014502320A1/en unknown

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events