Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
  • A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline 
  • A61K31/353—3,4-Dihydrobenzopyrans, e.g. chroman, catechin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics

Definitions

• drug-induced liver disease is used to describe those instances in which an active agent has caused injury to the liver.
• Drug-induced liver injury may account for as many as 10 percent of hepatitis cases in adults overall, 40 percent of hepatitis cases in adults over fifty years old, and 25 percent of cases of fulminant liver failure.
• Certain active agents such as glucocorticoids, synthetic estrogens, amiodarone, tamoxifen and valproic acid, for example, have been associated with fatty liver.
• the tocotrienol tail has three double bonds.
• Homologs of tocotrienols may be chemically synthesized. Experimental details are provided on a new tocotrienol synthesis which provides stereochemical ⁇ pure materials.
• the study is a completely randomised interventional study.
• Animals (Mus musculus or Swiss albino mice, sourced from the animal facilities of Universiti Sains Malaysia (Penang, Malaysia) were randomised into 3 groups of treatment with the first group (Control) fed a standard diet of commercially sourced P702 pellets (Gold Coin, Port Klang, Malaysia), the second group fed high fat-high fructose (HFF) diet comprising 50% P702, 30% clarified butter and 20% fructose and the third group a high-fat-high fructose plus tocotrienols (HFF- T3) diet comprising 50% P702, 30% clarified butter and 20% fructose plus mixed tocotrienols (Tocomin, Carotech, Ipoh, Malaysia).
• HFF high fat-high fructose
• HFF- T3 diet high-fat-high fructose plus tocotrienols
• the animals assigned to the control group received throughout the study duration a standard diet consisting in P702 pellets (Gold Coin, Port Klang, Malaysia).
• the HFF diet group received a in-house developed and extruded feed consisting of a mixture of standard P702 pellets powder, dairy fat (Kee Wee, Penang, Malaysia) and fructose (HMBG Chemicals, Hamburg, Germany).
• the HFF-T3 feed was prepared from the HFF ingredients and enriched with tocotrienols (Tocomin50%, Carotec, Ipoh, Malaysia).
• the in- house feed was prepared weekly and stored at -20 ⁇ until dispensed. Details of the composition of the developed feed is given in table 2 below
• tocotrienol was extracted from homogenised liver grafts weighing 250 pg each by addition of 1 ml of ethanol, followed by 4 ml of extraction solvent consisting of hexane:ethyl acetate (95:5 v/v).
• the prepared samples were first vortexed for 2 min then centrifuged at 3500 rpm for 10 min.
• a 50 ⁇ aliquot of supernatant was injected into a Waters (Milford, MA, USA) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system, consisting of autosampler 717 Plus, separation module 600Control and fluorescent detector 2475.
• the detector excitation wavelength was set 296 nm and the emission wavelength was set 330 nm.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2013
  • 2013-01-31 WO PCT/MY2013/000018 patent/WO2013115636A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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