Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
  • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
  • A61B3/113—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for determining or recording eye movement
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
  • A61B3/0008—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with illuminating means
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
  • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
  • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
  • A61B5/163—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state by tracking eye movement, gaze, or pupil change
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
  • A61B5/18—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state for vehicle drivers or machine operators
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements

Definitions

• the system requires that the path of light sent to the eye and the path of light received from the eye must necessarily go via the reflector or reflective surface and must nearly coincide. This is unnecessarily restrictive and wasteful of energy, and may result in excessive light reaching the eye, with the danger of exposing it to excessive electromagnetic radiation, in particular in the infrared (IR) part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
• IR infrared
• incidence angle By incidence angle (alpha_inc), one means the angle formed by the incident ray with the normal to a surface of the optical relay at the point of intersection of the incident ray with the surface of the optical relay.
• the light sensor collects deflected rays (r_def) or images from the eyelids, pupil, iris, and the like of the eye.
• optical relay one means a device made of a surface or a volume or both having one or more of the following capabilities, which may be wavelength dependent: a deflection capability, a transmission capability, an absorption capability, a transparency capability, a reflection capability, a refraction capability, a diffraction capability, a focusing capability, an imaging capability, and a selectivity capability.
• These capabilities are convenient ways of referring to specific transformations of one or a plurality of incident light rays governed by Maxwell's equations. Some of the above capabilities are related to each other.
• the optical relay (OR) according to the invention has a wavelength- dependent diffraction capability.
• transmission capability one means the capability of the optical relay to allow the incident light to traverse its surface, generally with some attenuation.
• absorption capability one means the capability of the optical relay to absorb some of the incident light. Preferably, the absorption capability should not exceed 20% at visible wavelengths.
• the light source, the optical relay, and the light sensor of the device for an observation of an eye according to the invention are connected to a frame to be worn by a user on his head.
• the optical relay is preferably arranged on the front piece of the frame and most preferably integrated in the lens located in front of the observed eye if the transparency capability of the optical relay is high enough.
• the optical relay may be positioned for example at one of several positions on the lens. This position may be at the center, top, bottom, left, or right of the lens.
• Fig. 15 shows perspective views (Fig. 15 a, b) and projected views (Fig. 15 c, d) of an example of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention wherein the incidence angle is equal to the deflection angle and the incidence plane is different from the deflection plane.
• LSo light source
• IR infrared
• an optical relay with at least the basic capability of deflecting an incident ray (r_inc) into a specified direction, by exploiting either its surface properties, or its volume properties, or both,
• RB a bundle of rays, or ray bundle (RB), defined as being a set of rays all oriented in a same direction
• FP focal point
• FP focal point
• Figure 2(b) shows an angle (phijnc) between the x-axis (x) and the incidence trace (Tr_inc), an angle (phi_def) between the x-axis (x) and the deflection trace
• Figure 3(b) shows a top view - also called a plan view - of Fig. 3(a), highlighting two specific viewing directions. Viewing direction 1 is perpendicular to Tr_inc, and viewing direction 2 is perpendicular to Tr_def.
• Figures 3(c) and 3(d) show elevation views - also called front views - corresponding to direction 1 and direction 2 as already defined in Fig. 2 but with the incidence angle (alphajnc) equal to the deflection angle (alpha_def).
• Figure 10 shows a cut through a diffractive element (12) used in the practical implementation of the invention shown in Fig. 9, including its diffraction gratings (or patterns), also called “Bragg planes", inscribed in the volume of the diffractive element.
• the diffractive element illustrated here consists in a succession of bands with indices of refraction alternating between the symbolic values of n1 and n2, which are here 1 .4 and 1 .6 for dichromated gelatin. However, more complex periodic distributions of refraction index values can also be used.
• the spatial period d appearing in the Bragg equation corresponds to the total width of two successive bands, as shown in the figure. In this example, the angle is 20° and the spatial period d is 315.7 nm.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Child & Adolescent Psychology (AREA)
• Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
• Psychiatry (AREA)
• Psychology (AREA)
• Social Psychology (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Educational Technology (AREA)
• Developmental Disabilities (AREA)
• Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
• Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)

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• 2012
  • 2012-01-22 EP EP12152027.4A patent/EP2617353A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2013
  • 2013-01-17 EP EP13700343.0A patent/EP2804521A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-01-17 US US14/373,476 patent/US20140354952A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-01-17 WO PCT/EP2013/050864 patent/WO2013107828A1/fr not_active Ceased

Patent Citations (4)

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