Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
  • B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
  • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
  • B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B35/00—Boron; Compounds thereof
  • C01B35/08—Compounds containing boron and nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium
  • C01B35/10—Compounds containing boron and oxygen
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a catalyst compound comprising a boron compound, a method for decomposing water and a method for refining crude oil using the same, and more particularly, a boron oxide capable of shortening the boiling time of water and further reducing the boiling point of water and promoting the decomposition reaction of water. It relates to a catalyst compound comprising a method and a method for purifying water continuously using the same and a method for purifying crude oil.
• hydrogen energy is attracting the most attention because it uses water, which is the most abundant substance on earth, as a clean energy source that does not generate pollutants during hydrogen combustion, and also serves as an energy storage medium.
• Hydrogen can be a clean fuel on its own as described above, as well as required by many chemical reactions and processes. In particular, in recent years, as a clean fuel is more necessary.
• Representative methods of producing hydrogen by decomposing water include biological methods, photochemical methods, electrolysis, direct pyrolysis, and thermochemical methods. It is in the research stage. In particular, electrolysis requires a high temperature of about 700 ° C. and a high voltage (1.23 V + overvoltage) and is uneconomical in terms of energy efficiency.
• the band gap of about 2.4 eV is required, so that in addition to 1.23 eV of energy required for water decomposition, additional overvoltage is required to overcome the flow of electron holes, material diffusion, and surface reaction resistance.
• reaction to decompose water is endothermic, a considerable amount of energy has to be imparted by using electrolysis, photocatalyst, or electrochemical method, and even in this case, the reaction is only one-time, and the reaction may proceed continuously or continuously. As a result, mass production of hydrogen by water decomposition reactions is inefficient, uneconomical, and difficult to implement.
• the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and provides a method for decomposing water with low energy even at low temperature by using a constant compound as a catalyst.
• One object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst compound comprising a boron compound for water decomposition or to reduce the boiling point of water or shorten the boiling time of water.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for decomposing water using the catalyst compound.
• Another object of the present invention to provide a method for refining crude oil using the catalyst compound.
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a steam generator having higher efficiency by lowering the boiling point using the catalyst compound.
• the present invention to solve the above problems,
• a catalyst compound for water decomposition or lowering boiling point which includes a boron compound that forms a combination of boron (B) and oxygen (O) as an anion.
• the anion is any one selected from the group consisting of BO 3 , B 2 O 3 , B 3 O 4 , B 2 O, B 6 O, B 7 O, B 12 O 2 , B 13 O 2 , BO, BO 2 Characterized in that,
• the boron compound is characterized in that it comprises any one or more selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, aluminum, periodic table groups, groups or elements corresponding to the group.
• the alkali metal is characterized in that any one of Li, Na, K, Ss, Fr
• the alkaline earth metal is characterized in that any one of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Mg, Ca.
• the anion is [B (OH) 4 ] - , [B 2 O (OH) 6 ] 2- , [B 2 O 4 (OH)] 3- , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 5 ] 2- , [B 3 O 4 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ] 2- , [B 4 O 6 (OH) 2 ] 2- , [B 5 O 6 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 5 O 7 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 5 O 8 (OH)] 2- , [B 10 O 16 (OH) 2 ] 4- , [B 5 O 6 (OH) 6 ] 3- , [B 5 O 7 (OH) 4 ] 3- , [B 3 O 4 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 2 O (OH) 6 ] 2- , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 5 ] 2- and may
• the boron compound is characterized in that represented by the following formula (1).
• M is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, aluminum, elements of the periodic table group, group, or group, 1 ⁇ X ⁇ 36, 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 36, 1 ⁇ Z ⁇ 36, 1 ⁇ a ⁇ 40, 1 ⁇ b ⁇ 40, 1 ⁇ c ⁇ 40, and 1 ⁇ d ⁇ 40, each is an independent integer.
• the catalyst compound is Na 2 B 6 O 10 .4H 2 O (Ameghinite), Na 2 B 4 O 7 10H 2 O (Borax), Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 5H 2 O (Tincalconite), Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 4H 2 O (kernite), Na 2 B 10 O 16 ⁇ 160H 2 O (Sporgite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 ⁇ 7H 2 O (Ezcurrite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 ⁇ 5H 2 O (Nasinite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 ⁇ 3 H 2 O (Biringuccite), NaCaB 5 O 9 8 H 2 O (Ulexite), NaCaB 5 O 9 5 H 2 O (Probertite), Ca 2 B 6 O 11 ⁇ 5 H 2 O (Colemanite (higher temperature)), Ca 2 B 6 O 11 13 H 2 O (Inyoite (colder)), MgB 2 O 4 3 H 2 O (pinnoite (higher temperature), MgB 2 O 4
• the present invention provides a water decomposition method using the catalyst compound as a catalyst. It is characterized in that the catalyst compound is continuously recycled.
• the boron catalyst is formed by using a strong base group using at least one strong alkali hydroxide selected from LiOH, NaOH, or KOH. It further comprises the step of activating.
• the present invention further provides a method of refining crude oil, characterized in that to maximize the difference in boiling point using the catalyst compound.
• the present invention provides a steam generating mechanism that lowers the boiling point of water by using the catalyst compound.
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention When the catalyst compound according to the present invention is used for the water decomposition reaction, it is possible to exhibit high purity hydrogen production efficiency with significantly less energy, time, and cost than in the past, and the boiling point of the catalyst compound is lowered or the time at which water starts to boil. By using the effect of shortening the crude oil can be more efficiently proceeded. In addition, the continuous recycling of the catalyst compound has an effect that can greatly increase the productivity and economics.
• the present invention provides a catalyst compound that can shorten the time to start boiling water and is effective in lowering the boiling point of water and further helps the water decomposition reaction.
• the catalytic compound is characterized in that it comprises a boron compound (Boron compound), specifically, boron oxide (Borate) containing anion consisting of a combination of boron (B) and oxygen (O).
• boron compound specifically, boron oxide (Borate) containing anion consisting of a combination of boron (B) and oxygen (O).
• Boron or boron is an aluminum group element belonging to group 13 and 2 of the periodic table, and is mainly present as an oxide or an oxide salt rather than as a single element in nature.
• the boron atom has a small ionic radius (about 0.23 kPa)
• the heat absorbing ability is very large, and the crystal or compound containing boron or the crystal or compound containing boron oxide has a great heat absorbing power. Therefore, when a crystal including boron is heated in water, the crystal including boron absorbs heat to increase its own temperature, and at the same time, heats nearby molecules to make it more active. Such phenomena can activate more water molecules and surrounding molecules as the number of boron or boron oxides in the water increases, thereby lowering the boiling point of water or shortening the boiling time, and further promoting the decomposition reaction of water. It can be.
• the catalyst compound for decomposing water or lowering the boiling point of the present invention may include a boron compound, specifically, boron oxide, which forms a combination of boron (B) and oxygen (O) as an anion. .
• the anion is a combination of boron (B) and oxygen (O), and there is no need to specifically limit the kind thereof.
• the anion is preferably boron oxide (BO 3 , B 2 O 3 , B 3 O 4 , B 2 O, B 6 O, B 7 O, B 12 O 2 , B 13 O 2 , BO, BO 2, and the like.
• the anion containing boron and oxygen included in the catalyst compound may be [B (OH) 4 ] - , [B 2 O (OH) 6 ] 2- , [B 2 O 4 (OH)] 3- , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 5 ] 2- , [B 3 O 4 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 3 O 3 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ] 2- , [B 4 O 6 (OH) 2 ] 2- , [B 5 O 6 (OH) 4 ] - , [B 5 O 7 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 5 O 8 (OH)] 2- , [B 10 O 16 (OH) 2 ] 4- , [B 5 O 6 (OH) 6 ] 3- , [B 5 O 7 (OH) 4 ] 3- , [B 3 O 4 (OH) 3 ] 2- , [B 2 O (OH) 6 ] 2- , [B 2 O
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention preferably contains any one or more selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, aluminum, elements of the periodic table group, group or group, in addition to the anion. Do. This is because when such an element is used as a cation, the reaction can be further activated.
• the alkali metal is Li, Na, K, Ss, Fr and the alkaline earth metal is Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba but more preferably the alkali metal may be any one of Li, Na, K, the alkali When the earth metal is any one of Mg and Ca, the catalyst compound may further activate a water decomposition reaction.
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention does not contain the alkali metal as described above or the number of boron atoms is 4 or less, it is made into a strong base state having a high pH to weaken the binding force of water molecules and at the same time alkali metal (cation) and boron The interaction between the oxides (anions) can activate the catalyst compound to promote the generation of hydrogen.
• a strong alkaline hydroxide for example, any one selected from LiOH or NaOH, KOH and the like can be used.
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention containing the anion and cation as described above may be represented by the following molecular formula 1 in water.
• Molecular Formula 1 takes the form of a hydrate comprising alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides and boron oxide.
• M may be an alkali metal, may be any one or more selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal, aluminum, periodic table group, group or elements corresponding to the group, 1 ⁇ X ⁇ 36, 0 ⁇ Y ⁇ 36, 1 ⁇ Z ⁇ 36, 1 ⁇ a ⁇ 40, 1 ⁇ b ⁇ 40, 1 ⁇ c ⁇ 40, 1 ⁇ d ⁇ 40, respectively, are arbitrarily selected as independent integers.
• the general formula of the catalysts according to the present invention is Na 2 B 6 O 10 4H 2 O (Ameghinite), Na 2 B 4 O 7 10H 2 O (Borax), Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 5H 2 O (Tincalconite), Na 2 B 4 O 7 ⁇ 4H 2 O (kernite), Na 2 B 10 O 16 ⁇ 160H 2 O (Sporgite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 ⁇ 7H 2 O (Ezcurrite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 5 H 2 O (Nasinite), Na 4 B 10 O 17 3 H 2 O (Biringuccite), NaCaB 5 O 9 8 H 2 O (Ulexite), NaCaB 5 O 9 5 H 2 O (Probertite ), Ca 2 B 6 O 11 .5H 2 O (Colemanite (higher temperature)), Ca 2 B 6 O 11 13 H 2 O (Inyoite (colder)), MgB 2 O 4 3H 2 O (pinnoite (high
• the method for preparing the specific catalyst compounds is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a known method may be used, and thus, description of these preparation methods may be omitted in the present invention, and the compounds may be purchased and used in the form of a final product. .
• boron oxide which is a combination of 2Na + ions and [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ] 2 - ion, has a constant temperature in the air regardless of pressure. At the temperature of boiling water, water molecules are activated to decompose water to generate hydrogen (H + ).
• Na + ions element activates while being unstable in the presence of an oxide form, such as ease in the oxide form after the split water molecules Na 2 O or Na 2 O 2, but can lead to a continuous water splitting reaction, as described above 2Na + Catalytic compounds containing boron, which is a combination of ions and [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ] 2 - ions, can promote the activation of surrounding molecules to lower the boiling point of water, and continuously and repeatedly H 2 O ⁇ OH + 1 Promote the decomposition reaction of water to decompose into / 2H + .
• the catalyst compound including boron oxide simultaneously has B 2 O 3 and B 3 O 4 , and [B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 ] 2 - acts as a support to attract hydrogen ions with an anion.
• Na + is capable of acting as a catalyst to decompose water continuously at a constant temperature while weakening water molecules by attracting OH ions of water by attracting cations.
• the boiling time of water starts to boil about 20% to 35% faster on average than the case in which the catalyst compound is not included, and in the case of the boiling point, the boiling point of water, which is generally 100 ° C. It is effective to lower the average to about 90 ⁇ 96 °C.
• the water decomposition reaction is carried out including the catalyst compound according to the present invention, there is an effect of generating more high-purity hydrogen while supplying less energy than conventional.
• the present invention provides a method for generating hydrogen by including the catalyst compound in a water decomposition reaction. At this time, the catalyst compound used can be used continuously and continuously in the reaction.
• the boron catalyst is formed by using a strong base group using at least one strong alkali hydroxide selected from LiOH, NaOH, or KOH. It may further comprise the step of activating further increase the efficiency of the water decomposition process.
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention may be used in the crude oil refining method by using a feature capable of lowering the boiling point. That is, when the catalyst compound according to the present invention is included in the crude oil, the boiling point can be shortened and the generated hydrogen can be continuously used, so that the crude oil purification process can be performed more efficiently.
• the process of refining crude oil classifies the necessary ingredients by using the difference in boiling point of oil and can be divided into thermal cracking and catalyst cracking.
• the catalyst compound in the process of refining crude oil by activating the reaction as described above, it is possible to shorten the boiling time of the crude oil to improve the efficiency of the thermal cracking process, by generating hydrogen by hydrogenation reaction The efficiency of the catalyst process can be improved.
• the hydrogenation reaction in crude oil refining process induces a change in molecular structure of crude oil by cracking and reforming, and extracts necessary molecules, but changes sulfur (S) contained in crude oil to H 2 S to eliminate unnecessary catalyst poisons. ) And furthermore, the role of hydrogen in the refinery process of crude oil is important to prevent the occurrence of acid corrosion.
• the catalyst compound according to the present invention may also further provide a steam generating device or apparatus that can produce steam with less energy in a shorter time by utilizing the feature of lowering the boiling point of water.
• a steam generating device or apparatus that can produce steam with less energy in a shorter time by utilizing the feature of lowering the boiling point of water.
• Such an apparatus or apparatus may use well-known techniques other than further including the catalyst compound according to the present invention, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

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Citations (4)

• 2012
  • 2012-06-05 WO PCT/KR2012/004433 patent/WO2013183798A1/fr not_active Ceased

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