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WO2013038971A1 - Dispositif électroluminescent, dispositif d'affichage et dispositif d'éclairage - Google Patents

Dispositif électroluminescent, dispositif d'affichage et dispositif d'éclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013038971A1
WO2013038971A1 PCT/JP2012/072615 JP2012072615W WO2013038971A1 WO 2013038971 A1 WO2013038971 A1 WO 2013038971A1 JP 2012072615 W JP2012072615 W JP 2012072615W WO 2013038971 A1 WO2013038971 A1 WO 2013038971A1
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Prior art keywords
light
electrode
light emitting
bank
layer
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
充浩 向殿
悦昌 藤田
別所　久徳
礼隆 遠藤
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Sharp Corp
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Sharp Corp
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Priority claimed from JP2011257961A external-priority patent/JP2014225328A/ja
Priority claimed from JP2012035470A external-priority patent/JP2014225329A/ja
Application filed by Sharp Corp filed Critical Sharp Corp
Publication of WO2013038971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013038971A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/17—Passive-matrix OLED displays
    • H10K59/173—Passive-matrix OLED displays comprising banks or shadow masks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/878—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light emitting device that emits light by applying a voltage to an organic light emitting layer, and a display device and an illumination device including the light emitting device.
  • the present application is filed with Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-198500 filed in Japan on September 12, 2011, Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-257916 filed in Japan on November 25, 2011, and February 21, 2012.
  • the priority is claimed based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-35470 filed in Japan, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
  • the need for flat panel displays has increased with the advancement of information technology in society.
  • the flat panel display include a non-self-luminous liquid crystal display (LCD), a self-luminous plasma display (PDP), an inorganic electroluminescence (inorganic EL) display, and organic electroluminescence (hereinafter, “organic EL”). Or a display or the like.
  • organic EL Organic light emitting diode
  • LEDs Light Emitting Diodes
  • organic electroluminescence hereinafter “organic EL” or “organic LEDs”.
  • each color of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) is generally required.
  • the emission color can be controlled by combining wavelength conversion layers such as color filters and phosphors.
  • wavelength conversion layers since both color filters and phosphors have a function of converting the wavelength spectrum of light incident on them, they are hereinafter referred to as wavelength conversion layers.
  • effects such as improvement of color purity and suppression of external light reflection can be obtained by combining color filters with light emitting portions of RGB colors.
  • the method of combining an RGB color filter with a white light emitting element and the method of combining a phosphor with a blue light emitting element have the advantage that a full color display can be made with high productivity without the need to paint RGB for each pixel.
  • wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or phosphor is combined.
  • a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or phosphor is combined.
  • combining wavelength conversion layers is an effective means for improving color rendering and realizing a specific emission spectrum in a plant factory.
  • Organic EL still has problems such as low luminous efficiency, large power consumption, short lifetime, and low reliability.
  • ⁇ (ext) is external quantum efficiency
  • ⁇ ext is external light extraction efficiency
  • ⁇ is internal quantum efficiency
  • ⁇ is carrier balance
  • ⁇ r exciton generation probability
  • ⁇ f fluorescence quantum yield.
  • the internal quantum efficiency has steadily improved with the progress of materials, and in particular, has been greatly improved with the progress of phosphorescent materials utilizing triplet states.
  • light extraction efficiency remains a major issue.
  • the refractive index of the organic light emitting layer, the transparent electrode layer, the glass substrate, etc. used is larger than that of air, light cannot be efficiently extracted from the total reflection condition based on Snell's law.
  • the amount of light that can be extracted is usually about 15 to 30%, and most of the light is lost without being emitted to the outside.
  • a wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor
  • the organic EL light emitting portion it becomes a problem to efficiently extract light from the wavelength conversion layer such as a color filter or a phosphor.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which a low refractive index layer having a refractive index in the range of 1.01 to 1.3 is provided on the surface of the transparent conductive layer opposite to the light emitting layer.
  • Patent Document 2 a leaching light diffusion layer in which particles that scatter light are diffused in a matrix resin made of a low refractive index material is provided between a transparent electrode layer and a light-transmitting substrate.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an invention in which a light extraction layer composed of a large number of fine particles is provided on a substrate surface on the light extraction side.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses an invention in which the light extraction efficiency is improved by making the pixel into a concave structure.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses an invention in which the light extraction efficiency is improved by providing a reflective layer on the side surface of a pixel.
  • Patent Document 6 discloses that in an organic EL element in which a phosphor layer is combined with an organic EL light emitting unit, a reflective film is provided on the side surface of the phosphor layer.
  • the light extraction efficiency can be improved, but the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency is limited. In other words, no measures have been taken against the fact that light propagates along the surface direction through the organic light emitting layer or the electrode and the light emitted to the outside decreases.
  • the typical refractive index of an organic light emitting layer is about 1.8
  • the typical refractive index of an insulating layer (bank) is about 1.5 to 1.8
  • the typical refractive index of ITO which is a transparent electrode layer Is about 2.1 to 2.2, and is totally reflected at the interface with the low refractive index layer because of the difference in refractive index from the low refractive index layer (with a refractive index of about 1.0 to 1.3).
  • the totally reflected component propagates along the surface direction through the organic light emitting layer, the insulating layer, the transparent electrode layer, and the like, and is lost without being emitted to the outside.
  • Insulating layer for partitioning the transparent electrode layer in each pixel region of the organic light emitting layer (bank) is conventionally polymethyl methacrylate, is composed of a polymer material or an inorganic material such as SiO 2, such as polyimide, or color transparent It was black. For this reason, when the insulating layer (bank) is black, the light spread along the surface direction is absorbed by the insulating layer and lost. Further, when the insulating layer (bank) is transparent (light transmissive), light propagates toward the adjacent organic light emitting layer or transparent electrode layer through the insulating layer and is lost.
  • Patent Documents 5 and 6 disclose a technique for improving the light extraction efficiency by forming a reflection film on the side surface of the light emitting portion. Further, Patent Document 6 discloses metal powder, metal particles as the reflection film. Alternatively, it is disclosed that the resin is made of a resin containing a white pigment, but there are structural and process problems.
  • Patent Document 6 a technique for forming a reflective film on the side surface of the phosphor layer and a technique made of a resin containing metal powder, metal particles, or a white pigment as the reflective film are disclosed. There is no disclosure or suggestion about application to the light emitting part. Further, when this technique is applied to an organic EL light emitting unit and a reflective film is formed on the side surface of the organic light emitting unit, structural problems arise in terms of structure. First, the organic material used for the light emitting portion of the organic EL is extremely weak against moisture, oxygen, solvent, etc., and it is extremely difficult to form a reflective film on the side surface of the organic EL light emitting portion.
  • this technique has a problem that it cannot be applied to a structure in which the light emitting layer is formed on the entire surface without being separated for each pixel, regardless of whether the light emitting layer is separately formed for each pixel of the organic EL. Furthermore, when considering the optical loss due to the optical waveguide from the organic EL light emitting part, it is necessary to consider the waveguide from other than the light emitting part such as an electrode. However, Patent Document 6 does not disclose or suggest any of them. .
  • An aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a light emitting device, a display device, and a lighting device that can efficiently emit light emitted from an organic light emitting layer toward the outside and emit light with high luminance.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • Some embodiments of the present invention provide a light emitting device, a display device, and a lighting device as follows.
  • a light-emitting device according to an aspect of the present invention is formed between a light-transmitting substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode sequentially stacked on one surface of the substrate, and the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • An organic light emitting layer and a bank for partitioning at least the first electrode into a predetermined region are provided, and the first bank includes a material having light reflectivity.
  • the second electrode may include a light-shielding material.
  • the first electrode may contain a light transmissive material.
  • the first bank may include a white material. Further, the material included in the first bank may further be a material having light diffusibility.
  • the first bank may include a resin and fine light-reflecting particles dispersed in the resin.
  • the light-reflecting particles may have a particle size of 200 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the first bank includes a second bank, a third bank, and a light reflecting film
  • the second bank is formed on the substrate
  • the light reflecting film covers the second bank
  • the third bank The bank may cover the light reflecting film
  • the third bank may include a light transmissive material.
  • the second bank may be black.
  • the material included in the third bank may further have light scattering properties.
  • the light emitting device may further include a low refractive index layer having a lower refractive index than the substrate between the substrate and the first electrode.
  • the light-emitting device may further include a wavelength conversion layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrode.
  • the light-emitting device may include a second bank on a side surface of the wavelength conversion layer, and the second bank may include a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light-emitting device includes a low refractive index layer having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate, either or both between the substrate and the wavelength conversion layer and between the substrate and the first electrode. May further be included.
  • a light emitting device described in each of the above items and a drive unit that controls light emission of the light emitting device are arranged for the light emitting device.
  • a light emitting device described in each of the above items and a drive unit that controls light emission of the light emitting device are arranged with respect to the light emitting device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 10 includes a light transmissive substrate 11, a first electrode (lower electrode) 12, a second electrode (upper electrode) 13, and an organic light emitting layer 14.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 11 a of the substrate 11.
  • the organic light emitting layer 14 is formed between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13.
  • a bank (insulating layer) 15 that partitions the first electrode 12 into a plurality of predetermined regions is formed on the one surface 11a of the substrate 11.
  • Such a bank 15 divides the first electrode 12 into a plurality of parts corresponding to a region corresponding to one pixel of the organic light emitting layer 14, for example, and electrically insulates the divided first electrodes 12 from each other. .
  • a sufficient dehydration process baking process, bake process, It is preferable to perform a vacuum drying step or the like.
  • the substrate 11 is made of a light transmissive material such as glass or transparent resin.
  • a 0.7 mm thick glass substrate frequently used in a liquid crystal display or the like can be used.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 may be a transparent electrode, and for example, ITO (Indium-tin-oxide), ZnO (Zinc oxide), or the like is used.
  • the thickness of the first electrode 12 is, for example, about 100 nm.
  • the first electrode 12 is usually an anode, but may be a cathode. In that case, a material having a low work function is used.
  • auxiliary wiring may be provided for the purpose of reducing wiring resistance.
  • the auxiliary wiring can be formed of a metal material such as Al, Ag, Ta, Ti, Ni, for example.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is divided into a plurality of predetermined areas by banks (insulating layers) 15.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 may be partitioned for each region corresponding to one pixel.
  • the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 may be light-shielding or light-transmissive. When the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is light-opaque such as light-shielding or reflective, a so-called bottom emission type light-emitting device is obtained. When the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is light transmissive, a double-sided light emitting device is obtained.
  • the second electrode 13 normally forms a cathode, and LiF / Al, MgAg / Al, Ba / Al, Ca / Ag, or the like can be used in the case of light impermeability. In the case of light transmission, LiF / ITO, MgAg / IZO, or the like can be used. Note that the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 may be an anode, and in this case, a material having a high work function, such as ITO, is preferably used.
  • various known electrode materials can be used as the electrode material for forming the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13.
  • a metal such as gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni) or the like having a work function of 4.5 eV or more from the viewpoint of more efficiently injecting holes into the organic light emitting layer 14.
  • oxide (ITO) made of indium (In) and tin (Sn), oxide of tin (Sn) (SnO 2 ), oxide made of indium (In) and zinc (Zn) (IZO), etc. are transparent It is mentioned as an electrode material.
  • lithium (Li), calcium (Ca), cerium (Ce) having a work function of 4.5 eV or less from the viewpoint of more efficiently injecting electrons into the organic light emitting layer 14.
  • metals such as barium (Ba) and aluminum (Al), or alloys such as Mg: Ag alloy and Li: Al alloy containing these metals.
  • the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13 can be formed using the above materials by a known method such as an EB vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a resistance heating vapor deposition method, etc.
  • the forming method is not limited. If necessary, the formed electrode can be patterned by a photolithographic fee method or a laser peeling method, or a patterned electrode can be directly formed by combining with a shadow mask.
  • the film thickness is preferably 50 nm or more. When the film thickness is less than 50 nm, the wiring resistance is increased, which may increase the drive voltage.
  • the organic light emitting layer (organic EL light emitter) 14 emits light in a predetermined wavelength band by a voltage applied between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13.
  • the organic light emitting layer (organic EL light emitter) 14 may be a single layer, but is usually composed of a plurality of layers. For example, a laminated film of ⁇ -NPD and Alq3 can be used.
  • a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, between a first electrode (lower electrode) 12 serving as an anode and a second electrode (upper electrode) 13 serving as a cathode It is also practiced to form a multi-layered organic light emitting layer composed of an electron injection layer or the like.
  • a light-emitting element using a quantum dot-containing layer is called a QLED (Quantum-dot light-emitting diode).
  • QLED Quantum-dot light-emitting diode
  • tandem structure in which light emitting regions are stacked can also be used.
  • positioned between the 1st electrode 12 and the 2nd electrode 13 each layer is about several tens of nm normally.
  • Organic light emitting layer 14 includes the following configurations, but the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the organic light emitting layer 14 may be composed of only the organic light emitting material exemplified below, or may be composed of a combination of a light emitting dopant and a host material, and optionally, a hole transport material, an electron transport material, Additives (donor, acceptor, etc.) may be included, and these materials may be dispersed in a polymer material (binding resin) or an inorganic material. From the viewpoint of luminous efficiency and lifetime, a material in which a luminescent dopant is dispersed in a host material is preferable.
  • the organic light emitting material a known light emitting material for an organic light emitting layer can be used.
  • Such light-emitting materials are classified into low-molecular light-emitting materials, polymer light-emitting materials, and the like. Specific examples of these compounds are given below, but the present embodiment is not limited to these materials.
  • the light-emitting material may be classified into a fluorescent material, a phosphorescent material, and the like, and it is preferable to use a phosphorescent material with high light emission efficiency from the viewpoint of reducing power consumption.
  • this embodiment is not limited to these materials.
  • a known dopant material for an organic light emitting layer can be used.
  • a dopant material for example, as an ultraviolet light emitting material, p-quaterphenyl, 3,5,3,5 tetra-t-butylsecphenyl, 3,5,3,5 tetra-t-butyl-p -Fluorescent materials such as quinckphenyl.
  • Fluorescent light-emitting materials such as styryl derivatives, bis [(4,6-difluorophenyl) -pyridinato-N, C2 ′] picolinate iridium (III) (FIrpic), bis (4 ′, 6′-difluorophenyl) And phosphorescent organometallic complexes such as polydinato) tetrakis (1-pyrazolyl) borate iridium (III) (FIr 6 ).
  • a known host material for organic EL can be used as a host material when using a dopant.
  • host materials include the low-molecular light-emitting materials, the polymer light-emitting materials, 4,4′-bis (carbazole) biphenyl, 9,9-di (4-dicarbazole-benzyl) fluorene (CPF), 3 , 6-bis (triphenylsilyl) carbazole (mCP), carbazole derivatives such as (PCF), aniline derivatives such as 4- (diphenylphosphoyl) -N, N-diphenylaniline (HM-A1), 1,3- And fluorene derivatives such as bis (9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl) benzene (mDPFB) and 1,4-bis (9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl) benzene (pDPFB).
  • the charge injection / transport layer is used to more efficiently inject charges (holes, electrons) from the electrode and transport (injection) to the light emitting layer, and the charge injection layer (hole injection layer, electron injection layer). It is classified as a transport layer (hole transport layer, electron transport layer), and may be composed only of the charge injection transport material exemplified below, and may optionally contain additives (donor, acceptor, etc.) These materials may be dispersed in a polymer material (binding resin) or an inorganic material.
  • charge injecting and transporting material a known charge transporting material for the organic light emitting layer can be used.
  • charge injecting and transporting materials are classified into hole injecting and transporting materials and electron injecting and transporting materials. Specific examples of these compounds are given below, but this embodiment is not limited to these materials. .
  • hole injection hole transport materials include oxides such as vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ) and molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ), inorganic p-type semiconductor materials, porphyrin compounds, N, N′-bis (3- Aromatic tertiary compounds such as methylphenyl) -N, N′-bis (phenyl) -benzidine (TPD), N, N′-di (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N′-diphenyl-benzidine (NPD)
  • TPD N, N′-di (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N′-diphenyl-benzidine
  • Low molecular weight materials such as quaternary amine compounds, hydrazone compounds, quinacridone compounds, styrylamine compounds, polyaniline (PANI), polyaniline-camphor sulfonic acid (PANI-CSA), 3,4-polyethylenedioxythiophene / polystyrene sulf
  • the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) is better than the hole injection and transport material used for the hole transport layer. It is preferable to use a material having a low energy level, and as the hole transport layer, it is preferable to use a material having higher hole mobility than the hole injection transport material used for the hole injection layer.
  • the hole injection / transport material in order to improve the hole injection and transport properties, it is preferable to dope the hole injection / transport material with an acceptor.
  • an acceptor the well-known acceptor material for organic light emitting layers can be used. Although these specific compounds are illustrated below, this embodiment is not limited to these materials.
  • Acceptor materials include Au, Pt, W, Ir, POCl 3 , AsF 6 , Cl, Br, I, vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ), molybdenum oxide (MoO 3 ) and other inorganic materials, TCNQ (7, 7 , 8,8, -tetracyanoquinodimethane), TCNQF 4 (tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane), TCNE (tetracyanoethylene), HCNB (hexacyanobutadiene), DDQ (dicyclodicyanobenzoquinone), etc.
  • TNF trinitrofluorenone
  • DNF dinitrofluorenone
  • organic materials such as fluoranyl, chloranil and bromanyl.
  • compounds having a cyano group such as TCNQ, TCNQF 4 , TCNE, HCNB, DDQ and the like are more preferable because they can increase the carrier concentration more effectively.
  • Examples of electron injection electron transport materials include inorganic materials that are n-type semiconductors, oxadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, thiopyrazine dioxide derivatives, benzoquinone derivatives, naphthoquinone derivatives, anthraquinone derivatives, diphenoquinone derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, benzodifuran derivatives, etc. And low molecular weight materials; polymer materials such as poly (oxadiazole) (Poly-OXZ) and polystyrene derivatives (PSS).
  • examples of the electron injection material include fluorides such as lithium fluoride (LiF) and barium fluoride (BaF 2 ), and oxides such as lithium oxide (Li 2 O).
  • the material used for the electron injection layer is a material having an energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) higher than that of the electron injection and transport material used for the electron transport layer in that the electron injection and transport from the cathode are performed more efficiently. It is preferable to use a material having a higher electron mobility than the electron injecting and transporting material used for the electron injecting layer.
  • LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
  • the electron injection / transport material it is preferable to dope the electron injection / transport material with a donor.
  • a donor a known donor material for an organic light emitting layer can be used. Although these specific compounds are illustrated below, this embodiment is not limited to these materials.
  • Donor materials include inorganic materials such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth elements, Al, Ag, Cu, and In, anilines, phenylenediamines, benzidines (N, N, N ′, N′-tetraphenyl) Benzidine, N, N'-bis- (3-methylphenyl) -N, N'-bis- (phenyl) -benzidine, N, N'-di (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N'-diphenyl- Benzidine, etc.), triphenylamines (triphenylamine, 4,4′4 ′′ -tris (N, N-diphenyl-amino) -triphenylamine, 4,4′4 ′′ -tris (N-3- Methylphenyl-N-phenyl-amino) -triphenylamine, 4,4′4 ′′ -tris (N- (1-naphthyl) -
  • Organic light-emitting layers such as a light-emitting layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a hole injection layer, and an electron injection layer are prepared using a coating liquid for forming an organic light-emitting layer in which the above materials are dissolved and dispersed in a solvent.
  • Known coating methods such as spin coating method, dipping method, doctor blade method, discharge coating method, spray coating method, ink jet method, letterpress printing method, intaglio printing method, screen printing method, printing method such as microgravure coating method, etc.
  • the coating liquid for forming the organic light emitting layer may contain additives for adjusting the physical properties of the coating liquid, such as a leveling agent and a viscosity modifier. .
  • each layer constituting the organic light emitting layer 14 is usually about 1 nm to 1000 nm, preferably 10 nm to 200 nm. If the film thickness is less than 10 nm, the properties (charge injection characteristics, transport characteristics, confinement characteristics) that are originally required cannot be obtained. In addition, pixel defects due to foreign matters such as dust may occur. Further, when the film thickness exceeds 200 nm, there is a concern that the drive voltage increases due to the resistance component of the organic light emitting layer, leading to an increase in power consumption.
  • the bank (insulating layer) 15 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 into a plurality of predetermined regions (for example, pixels) is composed of at least a light-reflective material.
  • a material having a white color tone is preferably used.
  • a material having light diffusibility is also preferable to use in addition to light reflectivity. In the case of a lighting device or the like, the number of such regions may be one, but a plurality of regions may be formed.
  • the profile of the extracted light varies greatly depending on the angle of the bank side surface with respect to the substrate and the shape of the bank. Therefore, in order to obtain a desired light profile, the angle of the bank side surface with respect to the substrate and the bank There is also a need to control the shape of the material appropriately.
  • the bank has whiteness and light scattering properties in addition to light reflectivity, the direction of light reflected by the bank is widened. A natural light emission profile is easily obtained without depending on the shape of the bank.
  • the bank (insulating layer) 15 uses, for example, a high-reflectance white solder resist disclosed in JP2007-322546A, JP2008-211036A, JP2011-66267A, and the like. Can be formed. Alternatively, a photosensitive resin such as polyimide or acrylic dispersing the particles, such as TiO 2, light reflectivity, light-scattering, it is also an effective method of imparting functions such as whiteness.
  • the bank 15 may be formed using a resin containing a reflective metal such as silver (Ag).
  • the bank (insulating layer) 15 is formed in a predetermined pattern on the one surface 11 a of the light-transmitting substrate 11.
  • a method of patterning a photosensitive resin with titanium oxide particles added using photolithography, a resin with titanium oxide particles added to the entire surface, etc. Apply a well-known manufacturing process used in semiconductor manufacturing processes, liquid crystal panel manufacturing processes, etc., such as a method of forming a photoresist pattern on it and etching the resin layer with added titanium oxide particles into a predetermined pattern can do.
  • the film thickness of the bank 15 is, for example, approximately 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, for example, but may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
  • a bank having a height of 100 nm to several tens of ⁇ m can be used, and the effect of this embodiment can be obtained in any case.
  • the interval (opening diameter) between the banks 15 adjacent to each other is not so large. It is better not to be big.
  • the intervals between adjacent banks 15 are 50 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, 1 mm, 500 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, and the like.
  • the bank 15 When giving the bank 15 light scattering properties, it is preferable to disperse fine light-reflecting particles in the resin constituting the bank 15.
  • the light reflective particles preferably have a particle size of 200 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the bank 15 can have light reflectivity and can also have light scattering properties that make the light reflection direction random.
  • the bank 15 also serves to prevent leakage at the edge of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12. That is, when the organic light emitting layer 14 is formed on the first electrode 12, the thickness of the organic light emitting layer 14 is reduced at the end face of the first electrode 12. For this reason, a short circuit easily occurs between the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 13. By arranging the bank 15 in such a region, a short circuit can be prevented.
  • the bank 15 is a component generally called an edge cover or an insulating layer.
  • the bank 15 also prevents liquid applied to a pixel area on the substrate 11 from flowing to an adjacent pixel area when the organic light emitting layer 14 is formed by a wet process such as inkjet. In order to further enhance such a function, it is also preferable to perform a process for imparting liquid repellency to the bank 15.
  • the operation of the light emitting device having the above configuration will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, when a voltage having a predetermined voltage value is applied between the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 13 of the light emitting device 10, The organic light emitting layer 14 emits light due to excitons (excitons) generated by recombination of electrons and holes injected into.
  • the light F1 emitted in the direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is transmitted through the first electrode 12 and the transparent substrate 11 to the outside. Is emitted.
  • the light F ⁇ b> 2 emitted in the direction toward the light impermeable second electrode (upper electrode) 13 is reflected by the surface of the second electrode 13. The light passes through the organic light emitting layer 14 again, passes through the first electrode 12 and the transparent substrate 11, and is emitted to the outside.
  • the light F 3 emitted in the surface spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) is incident on the bank 15.
  • the light incident on the bank 15 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light because the bank 15 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light F3 reflected by the bank 15 is also transmitted through the first electrode 12 and the substrate 11 and emitted to the outside.
  • the light emitting device 10 of the present embodiment since the bank 15 has light reflectivity, the light F3 emitted toward the bank 15 is absorbed by the bank 15 or inside the bank 15. There is no loss due to wave guiding. Then, the light F3 emitted toward the bank 15 is reflected by the bank 15 and emitted from the substrate 11 to the outside, so that the light extraction efficiency can be remarkably improved.
  • the light emitted from the organic light emitting layer It is confined in the region surrounded by 15 and not propagated in the direction of the bank 15.
  • the emission of light can be limited only to the direction in which the light is desired to be extracted, and the light can be extracted efficiently without loss.
  • the light extraction efficiency can be remarkably improved as compared with a conventionally known light emitting device.
  • the bank 15 is more preferably composed of a material having irregular reflection properties and scattering properties instead of regular reflection. In the case of irregular reflection and scattering, the light incident on the bank 15 is reflected in a random direction, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved compared to regular reflection.
  • the bank 15 is preferably covered by the bank 15 around the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 patterned into a predetermined shape.
  • the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
  • the peripheral length of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 for example, if a light-reflective bank is arranged only for a length of 1%, the remaining 99% of the length is Light is guided and lost in the surface spreading direction, and the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency is limited.
  • the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 Whether the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 14 is guided away in the surface spreading direction or escapes, or is reflected by the light-reflective bank 15 and extracted from the substrate 11 side, is the peripheral length of the first electrode 12.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged correlates with the length. For example, assuming that the light extraction efficiency without using a light reflective bank is 25%, the loss is 75%. If the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 10%, approximately 7.5% of light may be extracted on the basis of the total light.
  • the extraction efficiency is 32.5%, which is an improvement of about 30% compared to the extraction efficiency of 25% when the light-reflective bank 15 is not formed.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 1%, the light extraction is improved only by 0.75% at the maximum, and the total light extraction is performed. The efficiency is only 25.75%. This is only a 3% improvement over the light extraction efficiency of 25% when the light-reflective bank 15 is not provided, and the obtained effect is too small.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is disposed to the peripheral length of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is ideally 100%, but is approximately 5% or more. Accordingly, a corresponding effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 is 5%
  • the maximum amount of light extracted by the light reflective bank 15 is 3.75% (75% ⁇ 5 %)
  • the light reflective property be compared with the peripheral length of the first electrode 12.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged is preferably 50% or more, and particularly preferably 100%.
  • the ratio of the length in which the bank 15 is arranged with respect to the peripheral length of the first electrode 12 can be determined by, for example, the shape when the bank 15 is patterned. Considering a general case, it is not difficult to cover the entire periphery of the first electrode 12 with the bank 15, and it is formed by suppressing leakage between the second electrode 13 and the first electrode 12 and by a wet process. Considering the viewpoint of preventing inflow into adjacent pixels, it is preferable to cover the entire periphery of the first electrode (lower electrode) 12 with the light reflective bank 15.
  • a sealing method it is preferable to seal the periphery of the light emitting device 10 by an appropriate method in order to ensure reliability.
  • a sealing method a known method or the like can be used. For example, a method using a can seal and a desiccant, a method using a cap glass and a desiccant, a glass frit seal, a method of pasting together a film with suppressed moisture permeability and glass, and the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the second embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 20 includes a light transmissive substrate 21, a first electrode (lower electrode) 22, a second electrode (upper electrode) 23, and an organic light emitting layer 24.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 22 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 23 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 21 a of the substrate 21.
  • the organic light emitting layer 24 is formed between the first electrode 22 and the second electrode 23.
  • a light-reflective bank (insulating layer) 25 that divides the first electrode 22 into a plurality of predetermined regions is formed on the one surface 21a of the substrate 21.
  • the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 24 is different from the organic light emitting layer 14 of the first embodiment. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the organic light emitting layer 24 is formed, for example, divided for each pixel. That is, in the first embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 14 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 15 (see FIG. 1), but in the second embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 24 is formed above the bank 25. It is divided into a plurality of sections separated by (second electrode side). Thereby, light propagating through the organic light emitting layer 24 and propagating in the surface spreading direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the third embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 30 includes a light transmissive substrate 31, a first electrode (lower electrode) 32, a second electrode (upper electrode) 33, and an organic light emitting layer 34.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 32 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 33 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 31 a of the substrate 31.
  • the organic light emitting layer 34 is formed between the first electrode 32 and the second electrode 33.
  • a light reflective bank (insulating layer) 35 that divides the first electrode 32 and the organic light emitting layer 34 into a plurality of predetermined regions is formed on the one surface 31 a of the substrate 31.
  • the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 34 is different from the organic light emitting layer 14 of the first embodiment. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the organic light emitting layer 34 is partitioned by the bank 35 for each pixel, for example. That is, in the first embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 14 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 15 (see FIG. 1). However, in the third embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 24 includes a plurality of banks 35. It is divided into. Thereby, the light propagating through the organic light emitting layer 24 and blocking the light propagating in the surface spreading direction is blocked, and the light emitted from the side cross section (thickness direction cross section) of the organic light emitting layer 24 is also reflected in the light reflective bank. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
  • a method of forming the organic light emitting layers 24 and 34 by limiting the formation region within a predetermined range for example, a mask vapor deposition method, an inkjet method, printing, or the like is used.
  • a method using a laser such as LITI (Laser Induced Thermal Imaging), LIPS (Laser Induced Pattern Wise Sublimation), or a method such as a photo bleach method may be used as appropriate.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 40 includes a light transmissive substrate 41, a low refractive index layer 46, a first electrode (lower electrode) 42, a second electrode (upper electrode) 43, and an organic light emitting layer 44.
  • the low refractive index layer 46, the first electrode (lower electrode) 42, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 43 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 41 a of the substrate 41.
  • the organic light emitting layer 44 is formed between the first electrode 42 and the second electrode 43.
  • a light reflective bank (insulating layer) 45 that divides the first electrode 42 into a plurality of predetermined regions is formed on one surface of the low refractive index layer 46.
  • the light emitting device 40 of this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that it has a low refractive index layer 46. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • a low refractive index layer 46 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 41 is formed between the substrate 41 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 42.
  • the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably lower than the refractive index of the substrate, and ideally 1.0 is most preferable, which is the same as the refractive index of air.
  • the light extraction efficiency can be further improved. That is, assuming that the refractive index of air (outside air) is 1.0 and the refractive index of the substrate 41 is 1.5, if the low refractive index layer 46 is not provided, the light emitted from the organic light emitting layer is air from the substrate. Although the light travels straight to the (outside air) interface, light having an angle greater than 42 ° from the normal is totally reflected due to a difference in refractive index at the interface between the substrate and air (outside air).
  • the low refractive index layer 46 having a refractive index of 1.2 when the low refractive index layer 46 having a refractive index of 1.2 is provided, for example, at the interface between the substrate 41 and air (outside air), the angle from the normal is 53 °. Although large light is totally reflected, the possibility that the reflected light is reflected by the light-reflective bank 45 and extracted outside is increased. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 as well, light having an angle from the normal of 42 ° to 53 ° cannot be totally reflected at the interface between the substrate 41 and air (outside air). In terms of angle, only the light of 42 ° to 53 ° cannot be extracted, and the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency by forming the low refractive index layer 46 is great.
  • the thickness from the organic light emitting layer 44 to the interface between the first electrode 42 and the low refractive index layer 46 is approximately 100 nm to several tens of ⁇ m, and the first electrode 42 and the low refractive index are low.
  • the distance from the interface with the layer 46 to the interface between the substrate 41 and air (outside air) is 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm.
  • the light bounced off at the interface between the first electrode 42 and the low-refractive index layer 46 repeats regular reflection in the surface spreading direction.
  • the light extraction efficiency will not improve so much. Therefore, by using the light-reflective bank 45 and the low refractive index layer 46 in combination, a significant improvement in the light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 50 includes a light transmissive substrate 51, a low refractive index layer 56, a first electrode (lower electrode) 52, a second electrode (upper electrode) 53, and an organic light emitting layer 54.
  • the low refractive index layer 56, the first electrode (lower electrode) 52, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 53 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 51 a of the substrate 51.
  • the organic light emitting layer 54 is formed between the first electrode 52 and the second electrode 53.
  • a light reflective bank (insulating layer) 55 is formed on one surface of the low refractive index layer 56 to partition the first electrode 52 and the organic light emitting layer 54 into a plurality of predetermined regions.
  • the light emitting device 50 according to the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 54 and the low refractive index layer 56 are included. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the configuration of the low refractive index layer 56 is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
  • the organic light emitting layer 54 is partitioned by the bank 55 for each pixel, for example. That is, in the fourth embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 44 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 45 (see FIG. 4), but in the fifth embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 54 includes a plurality of banks 55. It is divided into. Thereby, the light propagating through the organic light emitting layer 54 and blocking the light propagating in the surface spreading direction is blocked, and the light emitted from the side cross section (thickness direction cross section) of the organic light emitting layer 54 is also a light reflective bank. The light extraction efficiency can be further improved along with the formation of the low refractive index layer 56.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 310 includes a light transmissive substrate 311, a wavelength conversion layer 315, a light transmissive first electrode (lower electrode) 312, an organic light emitting layer 314, a second electrode (upper electrode) 313, a bank 317.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315, the light transmissive first electrode (lower electrode) 312, the organic light emitting layer 314, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 313 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 311 a of the substrate 311.
  • the bank 317 is disposed at least in contact with the side surface of the organic light emitting layer 314 extending along the stacking direction.
  • the bank 317 is made of a light reflective material.
  • the light emitting device 310 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it includes a wavelength conversion layer 315. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the bank 317 is formed so as to partition a region corresponding to one pixel of the organic light emitting layer 314, for example. In the case of a lighting device or the like, the number of such regions may be one, but a plurality of regions may be formed.
  • a wavelength conversion layer 315 is formed on a substrate 311, a first electrode (lower electrode) 12 is formed, a bank 317 is formed, an organic light emitting layer 314, a second electrode, and the like.
  • a process for forming the (upper electrode) 313 can be used.
  • a sufficient dehydration step (baking step, bake step, and so on) is performed before the organic light emitting layer 314 is formed, that is, after the first electrode (lower electrode) 312 and the bank 317 are formed. It is preferable to perform a vacuum drying step or the like. It is also preferable to insert any or all of an interlayer film, a planarizing film, a second substrate, and the like between the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 312.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315 can be formed of a color filter, a phosphor, or the like.
  • the color filter can be manufactured using a color filter material generally used in a liquid crystal display or the like. It is also preferable to add scattering particles or the like to the color filter to impart scattering properties to the color filter because the light profile after passing through the color filter becomes isotropic.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315 When the wavelength conversion layer 315 is configured as a phosphor layer, it can be formed of a mixture of a phosphor and a polymer resin.
  • a phosphor As the phosphor, an inorganic phosphor, an organic phosphor, an organic / inorganic hybrid phosphor, a quantum dot phosphor, or the like can be used. Further, the phosphor may be composed of a plurality of materials such as a host-guest type.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315 is formed by laminating a phosphor layer and a color filter layer.
  • the emitted light is first incident on the phosphor layer so that the light emitted from the phosphor layer exits through the color filter.
  • the color filter layer has both an effect of adjusting the wavelength spectrum to an appropriate value and an effect of suppressing external light reflection.
  • the black matrix layer has an effect of suppressing reflection of external light and contributes to improvement of contrast in a bright room environment.
  • the operation of the light emitting device 310 having the above configuration will be described.
  • a voltage having a predetermined voltage value is applied between the first electrode (lower electrode) 312 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 313 of the light emitting device 310, the organic light emitting layer 314
  • the organic light emitting layer 314 emits light by excitons (excitons) generated by recombination of electrons and holes injected into the.
  • the light emitted in the direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 312 passes through the first electrode 312 and enters the wavelength conversion layer 315.
  • the light emitted in the direction toward the light-impermeable second electrode (upper electrode) 313 is reflected by the surface of the second electrode 313, The light passes through the organic light emitting layer 314 again, passes through the first electrode 312, and enters the wavelength conversion layer 315.
  • the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light emitting layer 314 the light emitted in the surface spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) enters the bank 317.
  • the light incident on the bank 317 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light because the bank 317 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light reflected by the bank 317 also passes through the first electrode 312 and enters the wavelength conversion layer 315.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315 is a color filter having no special light scattering function
  • the wavelength spectrum of the light incident on the wavelength conversion layer 315 changes, and the traveling direction is basically a traveling direction based on a refractive index difference. Only a change occurs, and light is emitted to the outside through the substrate 311.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 315 is a phosphor or a color filter having a light scattering function
  • light from the wavelength conversion layer 315 travels in various directions. Of these, the light traveling toward the substrate 311 is emitted to the outside through the substrate 311. The light traveling in the opposite direction to the substrate 311 is reflected by the surface of the light-impermeable second electrode (upper electrode) 313, passes through the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the substrate 311 again, and is emitted to the outside. Further, part of the light emitted in the surface spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) is incident on the bank 317.
  • the light incident on the bank 317 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light because the bank 317 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light reflected by the bank 317 also passes through the wavelength conversion layer 315 and the substrate 311 and is emitted to the outside.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the second embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 320 includes a light transmissive substrate 321, a wavelength conversion layer 325, a light transmissive first electrode (lower electrode) 322, a second electrode (upper electrode) 323, an organic light emitting layer 324, a bank 327.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 325, the light transmissive first electrode (lower electrode) 322, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 323 are sequentially stacked on one surface 321a of the substrate 321.
  • the organic light emitting layer 324 is formed between the first electrode 322 and the second electrode 323.
  • the bank 327 is disposed at least on the side surface of the organic light emitting layer 324.
  • the bank 327 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light emitting device 320 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has a wavelength conversion layer 325 and the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 324. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the organic light emitting layer 324 is formed, for example, divided for each pixel. That is, in the sixth embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 314 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 317 (see FIG. 6), but in the seventh embodiment, the organic light emitting layer 324 is formed above the bank 327. It is divided into a plurality of sections separated by (second electrode side). Accordingly, light propagating through the organic light emitting layer 324 and propagating in the surface spreading direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the third embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 330 includes a light transmissive substrate (first substrate) 331, a wavelength conversion layer 335, an interlayer film 338, a light transmissive second substrate 339, a first electrode (lower electrode) 332, and the like. , An organic light emitting layer 334, a second electrode (upper electrode) 333, and a bank 337.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 335, the interlayer film 338, the light transmissive second substrate 339, the first electrode (lower electrode) 332, the organic light emitting layer 334, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 333 are formed on this substrate.
  • the layers 331 are sequentially stacked on one surface 331a.
  • the bank 337 is disposed at least on both side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 335 and the organic light emitting layer 334.
  • the bank 337 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light emitting device 330 of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that it includes a wavelength conversion layer 325, an interlayer film 338, and a light transmissive second substrate 339. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the interlayer film 338 and the light transmissive second substrate 339 are used, but either or both of the interlayer film 338 and the second substrate 339 can be omitted.
  • the organic light emitting layer 334 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 337, but the organic light emitting layer 334 may be formed by being divided for each pixel.
  • the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment are considered from the viewpoint of light extraction efficiency. More preferred.
  • a film or a structure may be sequentially stacked on the substrate 331.
  • the bank 337 and the wavelength conversion layer 335 are formed on the substrate 331, while the first A first electrode (lower electrode) 332, an organic light emitting layer 334, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 333 are formed on the second substrate 339, and the substrate (first substrate) 331 and the second substrate 339 are attached. It can also be made by a method of combining them.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the ninth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 340 according to the ninth embodiment includes a light transmissive substrate (first substrate) 341, a wavelength conversion layer 345, an interlayer film 348, a light transmissive second substrate 349, and a first electrode (lower electrode). 342, an organic light emitting layer 344, a second electrode (upper electrode) 343, and a bank 347.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 345, the interlayer film 348, the light transmissive second substrate 349, the first electrode (lower electrode) 342, the organic light emitting layer 344, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 343 are formed on the substrate 341.
  • the bank 347 is disposed at least on both side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 345 and the organic light emitting layer 344.
  • the bank 347 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light emitting device 340 of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that it includes a wavelength conversion layer 315, an interlayer film 348, and a light-transmissive second substrate 349. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 345 is formed, for example, divided for each pixel. That is, in the eighth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 335 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 337 (see FIG. 8), but in the ninth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 345 is formed above the bank 347. It is divided into a plurality of sections separated by (second electrode side). Thereby, light propagating through the wavelength conversion layer 345 and propagating in the surface spreading direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
  • the description is given of the form using the interlayer film 348 and the light transmissive second substrate 349, but either or both of the interlayer film 348 and the light transmissive second substrate 349 are omitted. You can also.
  • the organic light emitting layer 344 is formed as a series of layers over the bank 347. However, the organic light emitting layer 344 may be formed by being divided into sections. In the ninth embodiment, since the light-reflective banks 347 are arranged on both side surfaces of the organic light emitting layer 344 and the wavelength conversion layer 345, the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment are considered from the viewpoint of light extraction efficiency. More preferred.
  • a film or a structure may be sequentially stacked on the substrate 341.
  • the bank 347 and the wavelength conversion layer 345 are formed on the substrate 341
  • a first electrode (lower electrode) 342, an organic light emitting layer 344, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 343 are formed on the second substrate 349, and the substrate (first substrate) 341, the second substrate 349, It can also be produced by a method of bonding.
  • mask deposition may be used as a method for forming the organic light emitting layers 334 and 344 and the wavelength conversion layers 335 and 345 within a predetermined range.
  • a method using a laser such as LITI (Laser Induced Thermal Imaging), LIPS (Laser Induced Pattern Wise Sublimation), a photobleaching method, or the like may be used as appropriate. .
  • the banks 337 and 347 also prevent liquid applied to a certain pixel region of the substrates 331 and 341 from flowing to an adjacent pixel region when the organic light emitting layers 334 and 344 are formed by a wet process such as inkjet. . In order to enhance such a function, it is also preferable to perform a treatment for imparting liquid repellency to the banks 337 and 347.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the light emitting device according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 350 according to the fifth embodiment includes a light-transmitting substrate 351, a wavelength conversion layer 355, a first electrode (lower electrode) 352, an organic light emitting layer 354, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 353.
  • Bank 357 is provided.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode (lower electrode) 352, the organic light emitting layer 354, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 353 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 351a of the substrate 351.
  • the bank 357 is disposed at least on both side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 355 and the organic light emitting layer 354.
  • the bank 357 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light emitting device 310 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it includes a wavelength conversion layer 315. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode 352, and the organic light emitting layer 354 are formed as a series of layers over the bank 357.
  • an interlayer film may be further inserted between the wavelength conversion layer 355 and the first electrode 352.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the eleventh embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 360 according to the eleventh embodiment includes a light transmissive substrate 361, a wavelength conversion layer 365, a first electrode (lower electrode) 362, an organic light emitting layer 364, and a second electrode (upper electrode) 363. And a bank 367.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode (lower electrode) 362, the organic light emitting layer 364, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 363 are sequentially stacked on one surface 361 a of the substrate 361.
  • the bank 367 is disposed on at least the side surfaces of both the wavelength conversion layer 365 and the organic light emitting layer 365.
  • the bank 367 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light emitting device 360 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has a wavelength conversion layer 365 and the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 364. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • an interlayer film may be further inserted between the wavelength conversion layer 365 and the first electrode 362.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light emitting layer 364 are formed, for example, divided for each pixel. That is, in the tenth embodiment, the wavelength conversion layer 355, the first electrode 352, and the organic light emitting layer 354 are formed as a series of layers over the bank 357 (see FIG. 10), but the eleventh embodiment. 1, the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light emitting layer 364 are divided into a plurality by being divided at the upper part (second electrode side) of the bank 367. Accordingly, light propagating through the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light emitting layer 364 and propagating in the surface spreading direction can be blocked, and the light extraction efficiency can be further improved.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 365, the first electrode 362, and the organic light emitting layer 364 are separated by the bank 367. Of these three, only two or only one of the banks 367 is used. It is possible to overcome and form a series of layers.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the twelfth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 370 according to the twelfth embodiment includes a light transmissive substrate 371, a wavelength conversion layer 375, a first electrode (lower electrode) 372, an organic light emitting layer 374, a second electrode (upper electrode) 373, a bank 377.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 375, the first electrode (lower electrode) 372, the organic light emitting layer 374, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 373 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 371a of the substrate 371.
  • the bank 377 is disposed at least on both side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the organic light emitting layer 374.
  • the bank 377 is made of a light reflective material.
  • the light emitting device 370 of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it has a wavelength conversion layer 375 and the configuration of the organic light emitting layer 374. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • an interlayer film may be further inserted between the wavelength conversion layer 375 and the first electrode 372.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 375, the first electrode (lower electrode) 372, the organic light emitting layer 374, and the second electrode 373 are formed over the entire surface. It is a delimited method. There are various methods for realizing this, but a practical method is to form a light-reflective bank 377 in a reverse taper shape as shown in FIG.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 375, the first electrode (lower electrode) 372, the organic light emitting layer 374, and the second electrode 373 are naturally disconnected, and the wavelength conversion layer 375, organic Light emitted from the light emitting layer 374 is directed to the substrate 371 side, which is preferable in terms of light extraction efficiency.
  • the light emitting devices 380a to 380d of this embodiment are disposed on the side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 385, the first electrode (lower electrode) 382, the organic light emitting layer 384, the second electrode (upper electrode) 383, and the organic light emitting layer 384.
  • the bank 387 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • a low refractive index layer 386 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 381 is formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 or between the substrate 381 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 382.
  • the refractive index of the low refractive index layer 386 is preferably lower than the refractive index of the substrate 381, and ideally the refractive index is 1.0.
  • FIGS. 13A to 13D examples of forming the low refractive index layer are shown in FIGS. 13A to 13D, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
  • FIG. 13A shows a light emitting device 380a in which a low refractive index layer 386 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 381 is further formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light emitting device shown in FIG. Yes.
  • FIG. 13B shows a light emitting device 380b in which a low refractive index layer 386 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 381 is further formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light emitting device shown in FIG. Yes.
  • FIG. 13C shows a substrate 381 between the substrate (first substrate) 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385, and between the second substrate 389 and the first electrode 382, in addition to the light emitting device shown in FIG.
  • a light-emitting device 380c in which a low refractive index layer 386 having a refractive index lower than that of the second substrate 389 is formed.
  • FIG. 13D shows a light emitting device 380d in which a low refractive index layer 386 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 381 is further formed between the substrate 381 and the wavelength conversion layer 385 with respect to the light emitting device shown in FIG. Yes.
  • the wavelength conversion layer 385 and the low refractive index layer 385 are formed only by forming the low refractive index layer 386 without providing the light reflective bank 387.
  • the light bounced off at the interface with 386 or the interface between the first electrode 382 and the low refractive index layer 386 repeats specular reflection and escapes in the surface spreading direction, and the light extraction efficiency is not improved so much. Therefore, by using the light-reflective bank 387 and the low refractive index layer 386 in combination, a significant improvement in light extraction efficiency can be obtained.
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic sectional view showing a light emitting device according to the fourteenth embodiment.
  • the light emitting device 410 includes a light transmissive substrate 411, a first electrode (lower electrode) 422, a second electrode (upper electrode) 423, and an organic light emitting layer 424.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 422 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 223 are sequentially stacked on the one surface 21 a of the substrate 21.
  • the organic light emitting layer 424 is formed between the first electrode 422 and the second electrode 423.
  • a light reflective bank (insulating layer) 425 that partitions the first electrode 422 into a plurality of predetermined regions is formed.
  • An auxiliary electrode 409 is formed between the first electrode 422 and the substrate 411.
  • the configuration of the bank 425 is different from the bank 15 of the first embodiment. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the bank 425 includes a bank 425a, a bank 425b, and a light reflecting film 425c.
  • the light reflecting film 425c is formed so as to cover the bank 425a.
  • the bank 425b is formed so as to cover the light reflecting film 425c.
  • the bank 425a may be transparent, white, or black. When the bank 425a is black, the bank 425a can also have a function of preventing external light reflection.
  • the light reflecting film 425c may be formed to contain, for example, silver (Ag) or aluminum (Al).
  • the light reflecting film 425c may be formed of the same material as the auxiliary electrode 409. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 409 may not be formed. Therefore, when the auxiliary electrode 409 is not formed, only the light reflection film 425c may be formed using the material used for the auxiliary electrode 409.
  • the bank 425b has light transmission, light reflection, and / or light scattering. Light emitted from the organic light emitting layer 422 and propagating in the lateral direction can be reflected by the light reflecting film 425c. In order to increase the light extraction efficiency by changing the light traveling direction, the bank 425b preferably has light scattering properties. Further, when the bank 425b covers the edge of the first electrode (lower electrode) 422, a short circuit between the first electrode (lower electrode) 422 and the second electrode (upper electrode) 423 can be prevented, and the yield can be improved. Is preferable.
  • the shape of the bank can be various.
  • 16A to 16E are cross-sectional views showing examples of bank shapes.
  • the bank 103 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed to have a trapezoidal shape with a narrow upper part. That is, the bank 103 is formed to have a trapezoidal cross section with a width narrowing from the substrate 101 upward.
  • the bank 104 that divides the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed to have a trapezoidal shape with the upper part widened. That is, the bank 104 is formed to have a trapezoidal cross-section with a width increasing from the substrate 101 toward the top.
  • FIG. 16A the bank 103 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed to have a trapezoidal shape with a narrow upper part. That is, the bank 103 is formed to have a trapezoidal cross section with a width narrowing from the substrate 101 upward.
  • the bank 105 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed so that the upper part is semicircular or semielliptical. That is, the bank 105 is formed to have a semicircular or semi-elliptical cross section.
  • the bank 106 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed so that the upper part is a semicircular shape and the top part is a flat surface. That is, the bank 106 is formed so as to have a semicircular cross section and a flat top portion.
  • the bank 107 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 102 formed on the substrate 101 is formed so that the upper part is a triangle. That is, the bank 107 is formed to have a triangular cross section that forms a corner from the substrate 90 toward the top.
  • the light emission side that is, the shape near the substrate 101 has an effect that light is more easily emitted. Since such an effect also affects the light emission profile, it contributes to a wide viewing angle when applied to a display device. From the viewpoint of this wide viewing angle, the shape of the bank 107 shown in FIG. 16E is most preferable. On the other hand, in order to prevent the layer formed on the bank from being cut off at the edge portion, FIG. A shape in which the banks 105 and 106 are rounded like 16D is preferable.
  • FIGS. 17A to 17F are cross-sectional views showing structural examples for imparting light reflectivity to the bank.
  • the bank 113 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a resin layer 113a and a light-reflective metal layer 113b.
  • the resin layer 113a is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, white, or colored.
  • the resin layer 113a needs to be insulative when a different voltage is applied to each first electrode. For example, when the first electrode is formed for each pixel in a display application, or when an organic layer having a different emission color is arranged for each first electrode in a lighting application to provide a dimming function, etc. It is.
  • the resin layer 113a need not be insulative.
  • the resin layer 113a is colored, especially in the case of black, it has the effect of reducing external light reflection, and is particularly effective in display applications.
  • the resin layer 113a is colored red, green, blue or the like, this color can be seen from the outside. This is preferable from the viewpoint of design in the case of lighting applications.
  • the resin layer 113a is light-reflective, light-scattering, white, etc., light that propagates through the substrate 111 or the organic layer and escapes in the lateral direction strikes the resin layer 113a and changes its direction. There is an effect of increasing the probability of being taken out of the.
  • the bank 114 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 is formed of a reflective metal or resin layer.
  • the bank 114 is disposed between the first electrodes (lower electrodes) 112 so as to be separated from the first electrode 112.
  • an organic layer having a different light emission color is arranged for each first electrode to give a dimming action, etc. Even when a different voltage is applied to each first electrode, even if the bank 114 is a reflective metal, this structure ensures insulation.
  • the bank 114 is a resin layer
  • the resin layer is light reflective, light scattering, or white. As described in other embodiments, the resin layer acts to increase the probability of reflecting light propagating in the lateral direction and extracting it in the front direction.
  • the bank 115 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 is composed of a reflective metal body 115a and a resin layer 115b covering the same.
  • the resin layer 115b is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white.
  • the resin layer 115b is transparent, the light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected by the reflective metal body 115a and the light traveling direction is changed, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the resin layer 115b is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white
  • the light propagating in the device in the lateral direction is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 115b, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 115b is also present. Since the light is reflected by the reflective metal body 115a, the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the upper portion of the reflective metal body 115a may be covered with the resin layer 115b, but considering the possibility of light propagating from this region, the thickness of the upper portion of the resin layer 115b is reduced. It is preferable to form. Furthermore, the shape which does not form resin in this part is also preferable.
  • the first electrode is formed for each pixel in the display application, or the resin layer 115b has a light control function by arranging an organic layer having a different emission color for each first electrode in the illumination application. In the case where a different voltage is applied to each first electrode, it is necessary to be insulative. On the other hand, the resin layer 115b does not need to be insulative when it is sufficient to apply the same voltage to all the first electrodes, as in the case of normal lighting applications that only require uniform illumination.
  • the bank 116 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a reflective metal body 116a, a resin layer 116b that covers the reflective metal body 116a, and an upper reflective layer 116c.
  • the resin layer 116b is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white. When the resin layer 116b is transparent, the light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected by the reflective metal body 116a and the upper reflective layer 116c, and the light traveling direction is changed, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the resin layer 116b is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white
  • light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 116b, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 116b is also present. Since the light is reflected by the reflective metal body 116a and the upper reflective layer 116c, the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the resin layer 116b has a dimming function when the first electrode is formed for each pixel, or in the illumination application, an organic layer having a different emission color is arranged for each first electrode. In the case where a different voltage is applied to each first electrode, it is necessary to be insulative. On the other hand, the resin layer 116b does not need to be insulative when the same voltage may be applied to all the first electrodes as in the case of normal lighting applications that only require uniform illumination.
  • the bank 117 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 is made of a reflective metal layer or a resin layer that covers at least the side surface of the first electrode (lower electrode) 112. Yes. And this bank 117 is arrange
  • an organic layer having a different light emission color is arranged for each first electrode to give a dimming action, etc.
  • the bank 117 is a reflective metal
  • the resin layer is light reflective, light scattering, or white.
  • the resin layer acts to increase the probability that the light generally reflected in the lateral direction is reflected and extracted in the front direction.
  • the bank 118 that partitions the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 formed on the substrate 111 includes a resin body 118a and a reflective metal layer 118b that covers the resin body 118a.
  • the reflective metal layer 118b is formed such that the lower end thereof does not contact the first electrode (lower electrode) 112, thereby ensuring insulation between the first electrodes (lower electrodes) 112 adjacent to each other. .
  • the resin layer 118a is transparent, light reflective, light scattering, or white.
  • the resin layer 118a is transparent, the light propagating in the lateral direction in the device is reflected by the reflective metal body 118b and the light traveling direction is changed, so that the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the resin layer 118a is light-reflective, light-scattering, or white, the light propagating laterally in the device is reflected or scattered by the resin layer 118a, and light that is not reflected or scattered by the resin layer 118a is also reflective. Since it is reflected by the metal body 118b, the light extraction efficiency is improved.
  • the resin layer 118a When the first electrode is formed for each pixel in the display application, or the resin layer 118a has a dimming effect by arranging an organic layer having a different emission color for each first electrode in the illumination application. In the case where a different voltage is applied to each first electrode, it is necessary to be insulative. On the other hand, the resin layer 118a does not need to be insulative when the same voltage is applied to all the first electrodes, as in the case of normal lighting applications that only require uniform illumination.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 112 is formed so as to be in direct contact with the substrate 111, but between the first electrode 112 and the substrate 111.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view showing a display device according to the fifteenth embodiment.
  • An organic EL display device in which a light emitting device is driven in an active matrix is shown.
  • An organic EL display device (display device) 60 includes a light transmissive substrate 61, a first electrode (lower electrode) 62, a second electrode (upper electrode) 63, an organic light emitting layer 64, and a light reflective bank.
  • a light emitting device 67 comprising (insulating layer) 65 is provided.
  • the organic light emitting layer 64 is formed between the first electrode 62 and the second electrode 63.
  • the light reflective bank (insulating layer) 65 partitions the first electrode 62 into a plurality of predetermined regions.
  • an active matrix drive element (drive unit) 70 that is an example of a drive unit is formed between the substrate 61 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 62.
  • a gate electrode 70 a and a gate oxide film 68 are formed on the substrate 61.
  • An active layer 70d, a source electrode 70b and a drain electrode 70c are formed on the gate oxide film 68, and an interlayer insulating film 69 is further formed.
  • a contact hole is provided in the interlayer insulating film 69, and the drain electrode 70c and the first electrode 62 are electrically joined.
  • the active matrix driving element 70 includes a gate electrode 70a, a gate oxide film 68, a source electrode 70b, a drain electrode 70c, an active layer 70d, and the like.
  • An active matrix driving element (driving unit) 70 that is an example of a driving unit that controls light emission of the light emitting device 67 functions as a switching unit and a driving unit.
  • Such an active matrix driving element 70 can be formed using a known material, structure and forming method.
  • the material for the active layer 70d include inorganic semiconductor materials such as amorphous silicon (amorphous silicon), polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon), microcrystalline silicon, cadmium selenide, zinc oxide, indium oxide-gallium oxide-oxide.
  • Examples thereof include oxide semiconductor materials such as zinc, or organic semiconductor materials such as polythiophene derivatives, thiophene oligomers, poly (p-ferylene vinylene) derivatives, naphthacene, and pentacene.
  • Examples of the TFT structure include a staggered type, an inverted staggered type, a top gate type, and a coplanar type.
  • a method for forming the active layer 70d (1) a method of ion-doping impurities into amorphous silicon formed by a plasma induced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method, and (2) a reduced pressure chemistry using silane (SiH 4 ) gas.
  • PECVD plasma induced chemical vapor deposition
  • SiH 4 silane
  • Amorphous silicon is formed by vapor phase epitaxy (LPCVD), and amorphous silicon is crystallized by solid phase epitaxy to obtain polysilicon, followed by ion doping by ion implantation, (3) Si 2 H 6 gas Amorphous silicon is formed by the LPCVD method used or PECVD method using SiH 4 gas, annealed by a laser such as an excimer laser, and the amorphous silicon is crystallized to obtain polysilicon, followed by ion doping (low temperature process) ), (4) LPCVD method or PECVD method Ri to form a polysilicon layer, a gate insulating film formed by thermal oxidation at 1000 ° C.
  • LPCVD vapor phase epitaxy
  • PECVD method Ri to form a polysilicon layer, a gate insulating film formed by thermal oxidation at 1000 ° C.
  • the gate insulating film 68 can be formed using a known material. Examples thereof include SiO 2 formed by PECVD, LPCVD, etc., or SiO 2 obtained by thermally oxidizing a polysilicon film.
  • the signal electrode line, the scanning electrode line, the common electrode line, the first drive electrode, and the second drive electrode of the TFT can be formed using a known material, for example, tantalum (Ta), aluminum (Al). , Copper (Cu), and the like.
  • Interlayer insulating film 69 may be formed using a known material, e.g., silicon oxide (SiO 2), silicon nitride (SiN, or, Si 2 N 4), tantalum oxide (TaO, or, Ta 2 O 5 )) or an organic material such as an acrylic resin or a resist material.
  • a known material e.g., silicon oxide (SiO 2), silicon nitride (SiN, or, Si 2 N 4), tantalum oxide (TaO, or, Ta 2 O 5 )
  • an organic material such as an acrylic resin or a resist material.
  • the formation method include dry processes such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and vacuum deposition, and wet processes such as spin coating. Moreover, it can also pattern by the photolithographic method etc. as needed.
  • the active matrix drive element 70 when the active matrix drive element 70 is formed on the substrate 61, unevenness is formed on the surface thereof, and this unevenness causes, for example, a pixel electrode defect, an organic EL layer defect, a counter electrode defect in the light emitting device 67. There is a risk of disconnection, a short circuit between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode, a decrease in breakdown voltage, and the like. In order to prevent these phenomena, a planarizing film may be further provided on the interlayer insulating film 69.
  • planarizing film can be formed using a known material, and examples thereof include inorganic materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and tantalum oxide, and organic materials such as polyimide, acrylic resin, and resist material.
  • examples of the method for forming the planarizing film include a dry process such as a CVD method and a vacuum deposition method, and a wet process such as a spin coating method.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to these materials and the forming method.
  • the planarization film may have a single layer structure or a multilayer structure.
  • a color filter, a color conversion film, and the like may be further combined with the organic EL display device (display device) 60 described above.
  • the emission color is usually white.
  • the emission color is usually blue.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view showing a display device according to the sixteenth embodiment.
  • the organic EL display device (display device) 80 includes a light-transmissive substrate 81, a low refractive index layer 86, a first electrode (lower electrode) 82, a second electrode (upper electrode) 83, and the first electrode 82 and the first electrode 82.
  • the light emitting device 87 includes an organic light emitting layer 84 formed between the two electrodes 83 and a light reflective bank (insulating layer) 85 that partitions the first electrode 82 into a plurality of predetermined regions.
  • an active matrix driving element (driving unit) 90 that is an example of a driving unit is formed between the substrate 81 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 82.
  • a gate electrode 90 a and a gate oxide film 88 are formed on the substrate 81.
  • an active layer 90d, a source electrode 90b, a drain electrode 90c are formed, and an interlayer insulating film 89 is further formed.
  • a contact hole is provided in the interlayer insulating film 89, and the drain electrode 90c and the first electrode 82 are electrically joined.
  • the active matrix driving element 90 includes a gate electrode 90a, a gate oxide film 88, a source electrode 90b, a drain electrode 90c, an active layer 90d, and the like.
  • a low refractive index layer 86 having a refractive index lower than that of the substrate 81 is formed between the substrate 81 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 82.
  • the low refractive index layer 86 is such that, for example, the critical angle of incident light incident from the organic light emitting layer 84 toward the low refractive index material layer 86 is smaller than the critical angle of outgoing light emitted from the substrate 81 to the outside. It preferably has a refractive index.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the display device according to the present embodiment.
  • the organic EL display device (display device) 3100 includes layers constituting a light emitting device, that is, a light-transmitting substrate 3101, a low refractive index layer 3106, a wavelength conversion layer 3105, a first electrode (lower electrode) 3102, and an organic light emitting layer 3104. , A second electrode (upper electrode) 3103, and a bank 3107 disposed on both side surfaces of at least the wavelength conversion layer 3105 and the organic light emitting layer 3104.
  • the bank 3107 is made of a light reflective material. Note that the low refractive index layer 3106 may be omitted as necessary.
  • an active matrix driving element 3110 is formed between the substrate 3101 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 3102.
  • a gate electrode 3111 a and a gate oxide film 3112 constituting the active matrix driving element 3110 are formed on the substrate 3101.
  • An active layer 3111d, a source electrode 3111b, a drain electrode 3111c are formed over the gate oxide film 3112, and an interlayer insulating film 3113 is further formed.
  • a contact hole 3114 is provided in the interlayer insulating film 3113, and the drain electrode 3111c and the first electrode 3102 are electrically joined.
  • the active matrix driving element 3110 includes the gate electrode 3111a, the gate oxide film 3112, the source electrode 3111b, the drain electrode 3111c, the active layer 3111d, and the like.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic sectional view showing a display device according to the eighteenth embodiment.
  • the organic EL display device (display device) 3120 includes a light-transmitting substrate 3121, a low refractive index layer 3126, a wavelength conversion layer 3125, a first electrode (lower electrode) 3122, an organic light emitting layer 3124, and a second electrode (upper electrode). 3123 and at least a bank 3127 disposed on both side surfaces of the wavelength conversion layer 3125 and the organic light emitting layer 3124.
  • the bank 3127 is made of a light reflective material. Note that the low refractive index layer 3126 may be omitted as necessary.
  • an active matrix drive element 3130 is formed between the substrate 3121 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 3122.
  • a gate electrode 3131a and a gate oxide film 3132 are formed over the substrate 3121.
  • An active layer 3131d, a source electrode 3131b, a drain electrode 3131c are formed on the gate oxide film 3132, and an interlayer insulating film 3133 is further formed.
  • a contact hole 3134 is provided in the interlayer insulating film 3133, and the drain electrode 3131c and the first electrode 3122 are electrically joined.
  • the active matrix driving element 3130 includes a gate electrode 3131a, a gate oxide film 3132, a source electrode 3131b, a drain electrode 3131c, an active layer 3131d, and the like.
  • FIG. 20A is a plan view of the light emitting device as viewed from above.
  • 20B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 20A.
  • an auxiliary wiring 209 is formed on a light transmitting substrate 201 such as glass.
  • a light transmitting substrate 201 such as glass.
  • One or a plurality of auxiliary wirings 209 may be arranged.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is usually made of a metal material having a low electric resistance value such as Al or Ag.
  • a plurality of auxiliary wirings 209 are arranged, for example, they can be arranged in a stripe shape or a lattice shape.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered with the first electrode (lower electrode) 202.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 for example, a transparent electrode material such as ITO or ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ IZO is used, and the film thickness is, for example, about 100 nm to 300 nm.
  • a patterning method using photolithography or the like, or mask deposition can be used.
  • a light reflective bank 205 is formed between the first electrodes (lower electrodes) 202 adjacent to each other. Even if the bank 205 covers only a part of the periphery of the first electrode (lower electrode) 202, the effect of improving the light extraction efficiency can be obtained. High and preferable.
  • the opening area of the light-reflective bank 205 is drawn in a square shape, but a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or other shapes are possible.
  • the opening size of the bank 205 is not limited, and various sizes such as an opening diameter of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 50 mm, and 100 mm can be selected.
  • An organic light emitting layer 204 is formed on the first electrode (lower electrode) 202.
  • the organic light emitting layer 204 for example, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, a laminated film of an electron injection layer, or the like can be used.
  • a second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is formed on the organic light emitting layer 204.
  • LiF / Al may be used as the cathode of the second electrode (upper electrode) 203.
  • the light emitting device 200 it is preferable to seal the light emitting device 200 using a counter substrate or the like in order to protect the light emitting device 200 from corrosion and alteration due to moisture and oxygen in the atmosphere. If there is a concern that the second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is disconnected due to the shape of the bank 205 being an inversely tapered shape, as shown in FIGS. 21A and 21B, It is preferable to form a portion without a step in 205.
  • FIG. 14A to FIG. 20B show modifications of the eighth embodiment shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B.
  • the same members as those in FIGS. 20A and 20B are assigned the same numbers, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.
  • FIGS. 24A to 20B FIGS. 24A, 25A, 26A, 27A, 28A, 29A, and 30A are plan views of the light emitting device as viewed from above. 24B, FIG. 25B, FIG. 26B, FIG. 27B, FIG. 28B, FIG. 29B, and FIG. 30B are respectively taken along lines AA ′ in FIG. 24A, FIG. 25A, FIG. 26A, FIG. It is sectional drawing.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 may be arranged in the light emitting area as shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B. However, when the auxiliary wiring is formed by an opaque electrode, the auxiliary wiring blocks the emitted light. That is not necessarily preferable. On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B, it is preferable to arrange the auxiliary wiring outside the light emitting area because the emitted light can be extracted more smoothly.
  • the organic light emitting layer 204 is formed in the bank 205. However, the organic light emitting layer 204 is formed so as to overcome the bank 205 as in the light emitting device 210 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B.
  • the light emitting layer 204 may be formed. From the viewpoint of productivity, this form formed on the entire surface of the substrate is efficient.
  • the light emitted in the direction toward the transparent first electrode (lower electrode) 202 out of the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light emitting layer 204 is transmitted through the first electrode 202. Incident on the substrate 201.
  • the light emitted in the direction toward the light-impermeable second electrode (upper electrode) 203 is reflected by the surface of the second electrode 203, The light passes through the organic light emitting layer 204 again, passes through the first electrode 202, and enters the substrate 201.
  • the light (excitation light) emitted from the organic light emitting layer 204 the light emitted in the surface spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) is incident on the bank 205.
  • the light incident on the bank 205 reflects and preferably diffuses the incident light because the bank 205 is made of a material having light reflectivity.
  • the light reflected by the bank 205 also passes through the first electrode 202 and enters the substrate 201.
  • the light incident on the substrate 201 goes to the interface between the substrate 201 and the air.
  • a part of the light is emitted to the outside, but light having an angle shallower than a certain angle defined by the difference in refractive index between the substrate 201 and air is reflected on the substrate 201.
  • Reflected at the air interface A part of the reflected light hits the bank 205 is reflected, preferably scattered, and travels again toward the interface between the substrate 201 and the air.
  • the angle is changed by reflection at the bank 205, preferably by scattering, light having an angle that is not reflected at the interface between the substrate 201 and the air is extracted to the outside. By repeating such a process, a lot of light is finally extracted to the outside, and the light extraction efficiency is increased.
  • the light extraction efficiency is improved by the presence of the bank 205 having the light reflecting property or the light scattering property. Without the bank 205, the light emitted in the surface spreading direction (direction perpendicular to the stacking direction) is not extracted outside, and the light reflected at the interface between the substrate 201 and the air also passes through the element. It only propagates in the surface spreading direction (perpendicular to the stacking direction) and is not taken out.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered with the first electrode (lower electrode) 202.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed so as to partially contact the bank 205.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered with the first electrode (lower electrode) 202.
  • An auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed on the electrode 202.
  • the manufacturing process usually includes (1) deposition of an auxiliary electrode film, (2) There are four steps: patterning, (3) film formation of the lower electrode film, and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film.
  • (1) the lower electrode film and the auxiliary electrode film are continuously formed, and then (2) the patterning of the auxiliary electrode film, and (3) the lower electrode.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is patterned, and the bank 205 is formed so as to cover the periphery thereof.
  • the embodiment shown in FIGS. 27A and 27B is used.
  • the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 may not be patterned like the light emitting device 240 of the embodiment.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is drawn for each region, but the auxiliary wiring 209 may be thinned out as appropriate.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is covered with the first electrode (lower electrode) 202.
  • the first electrode An auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed on the (lower electrode) 202.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is formed for each region, but the auxiliary wiring 209 may be formed by thinning out as appropriate.
  • the manufacturing process includes (1) film formation of the auxiliary electrode film, (2) patterning of the auxiliary electrode film, There are four steps: (3) film formation of the lower electrode film and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film.
  • (3) film formation of the lower electrode film and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film are four steps: (3) film formation of the lower electrode film and (4) patterning of the lower electrode film.
  • (1) a lower electrode film and an auxiliary electrode film are continuously formed, and then (2) auxiliary electrode film patterning, (3) By performing the lower electrode film patterning, it can be manufactured in three steps, and there is a merit in the manufacturing process.
  • the light emitting device 260 may be configured such that a portion without a step is formed in the bank 205 and the first electrode (lower electrode) 202 is not patterned.
  • the portion where the bank 205 is not formed is drawn so as to be in a straight line, but this position may be in another position. Absent. If it is on a straight line, the light traveling in this direction does not hit the bank, which may cause light that cannot be extracted. On the other hand, for example, it is also preferable to form the portion where the bank 205 is not formed so as not to be in a straight line like the light emitting device 270 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 30A and 30B. In this way, light that is lost without hitting the bank 205 can be eliminated, and the second electrode (upper electrode) 203 can be prevented from being disconnected.
  • the auxiliary wiring 209 is arranged in a stripe shape. If it is good, it may be formed in a lattice shape, for example. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 24A to 30B, the auxiliary wiring 209 is arranged in a stripe shape on one side of each region, but may be arranged on both sides of each region.
  • the light emitting devices of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20A and 20B, FIGS. 21A and 21B, and FIGS. 24A to 30B described above are particularly suitable for application to lighting applications as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B. is there.
  • the bank formation patterns shown in these embodiments can take various forms. 31A to 31I list representative examples of bank formation patterns, but the shape of the bank is not limited to these embodiments.
  • each region is formed in a square shape.
  • FIG. 31B shows each region formed in a circular shape.
  • each region is circular, there is an advantage that the profile of light reflected by the bank is equal in each direction.
  • the organic layer is formed by a coating method, there are corners such as a square. Although there may be a problem that the liquid is difficult to spread only in that portion, the liquid can be spread uniformly because there is no corner in the case of a circular shape.
  • each region is drawn in a circle, but it may be formed in an ellipse or a shape with rounded corners of a rectangle.
  • FIG. 31C shows a hexagonal arrangement of the areas. By making the hexagonal arrangement, the ratio of the light emitting area can be increased as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 21C.
  • FIG. 31D shows a hexagonal arrangement of hexagonal regions.
  • FIG. 31E is an area where a bank is not formed in a part of each area. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the second electrode from stepping over the bank, and to improve the yield and reliability.
  • FIG. 31F is an example in which the positions of areas where no bank is formed in a part of each area are not aligned.
  • FIG. 31E In the case of the embodiment shown in FIG. 31E, in the region where no bank is formed, the light guided in the lateral direction is not reflected and scattered to the edge of the device, resulting in a loss.
  • FIG. 31F in the region where the bank is not formed, light proceeds from the region guided in the lateral direction to the next region, and in the next region, the light hits the bank. Loss can be suppressed.
  • FIGG, FIG. 31H, and FIG. 31I show areas in which a bank is not formed in a part of each area in the configurations of FIGS. 31D, 31B, and 31C.
  • a mobile phone illustrated in FIG. 22A As an application example of the light-emitting device, a mobile phone illustrated in FIG. 22A, an organic EL television illustrated in FIG. 22B, and the like can be given.
  • a cellular phone 1000 illustrated in FIG. 22A includes a main body 1001, a display portion 1002, an audio input portion 1003, an audio output portion 1004, an antenna 1005, an operation switch 1006, and the like.
  • the light emitting device of each embodiment described above is provided on the display portion 1002. It is used.
  • a television receiver 1100 illustrated in FIG. 22B includes a main body cabinet 1101, a display portion 1102, speakers 1103, a stand 1104, and the like, and the light emitting device of each of the above embodiments is used for the display portion 1102.
  • the light emitting device of each of the above embodiments is used, the luminance is high and the display quality is excellent.
  • the light emitting device for example, it can be applied to a ceiling light (illumination device) shown in FIG.
  • a ceiling light 1400 illustrated in FIG. 23A includes an illumination unit 1401, a hanging tool 1402, a power cord 1403, and the like.
  • the light emitting device of each said embodiment can be applied suitably as the illumination part 1401.
  • FIG. 23A By applying the light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention to the illumination unit 1401 of the ceiling light 1400, it is possible to obtain illumination light with a low color and free color tone with low power consumption, and high illumination performance. An instrument can be realized.
  • a lighting stand 1500 illustrated in FIG. 23B includes a lighting unit 1501, a stand 1502, a power switch 1503, a power cord 1504, and the like. And the light emitting device of each said embodiment can be applied suitably as the illumination part 1501. FIG.
  • the light emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention to the lighting unit 1501 of the lighting stand 1500, it is possible to obtain bright and free-colored illumination light with low power consumption, and lighting with high light performance.
  • An instrument can be realized.
  • aspects of the present invention can be used for light-emitting elements, and more specifically, for display devices, display systems, lighting devices, lighting systems, and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif électroluminescent comprenant un substrat optiquement transparent, une première électrode et une seconde électrode colaminées dans cet ordre sur une face du substrat, une couche électroluminescente organique formée entre la première électrode et la seconde électrode et une première banque comprenant un matériau réfléchissant la lumière et partageant au moins la première électrode dans une zone prédéterminée.
PCT/JP2012/072615 2011-09-12 2012-09-05 Dispositif électroluminescent, dispositif d'affichage et dispositif d'éclairage Ceased WO2013038971A1 (fr)

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JP2011198500 2011-09-12
JP2011-198500 2011-09-12
JP2011257961A JP2014225328A (ja) 2011-11-25 2011-11-25 発光デバイス、表示装置、及び照明装置
JP2011-257961 2011-11-25
JP2012035470A JP2014225329A (ja) 2011-09-12 2012-02-21 発光デバイス、表示装置、及び照明装置
JP2012-035470 2012-02-21

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KR20140139427A (ko) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-05 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 채널을 갖는 화소정의막이 구비된 유기발광 표시장치
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JP2016042449A (ja) * 2014-08-19 2016-03-31 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ 表示装置
WO2016124537A1 (fr) * 2015-02-02 2016-08-11 Osram Oled Gmbh Dispositif à diode électroluminescente organique et procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif à diode électroluminescente organique
US11275115B2 (en) * 2015-10-30 2022-03-15 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Organic light emitting display device and method of manufacturing the same
US11081675B2 (en) 2016-06-15 2021-08-03 Joled Inc. Display unit and electronic apparatus
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JP2020043073A (ja) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． ディスプレイ装置
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WO2021079449A1 (fr) * 2019-10-24 2021-04-29 シャープ株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage
JP2023548288A (ja) * 2021-05-25 2023-11-16 オーレッドワークス エルエルシー 分割ｏｌｅｄ
JP7624064B2 (ja) 2021-05-25 2025-01-29 オーレッドワークス エルエルシー 分割ｏｌｅｄ
EP4207986A1 (fr) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-05 LG Display Co., Ltd. Dispositif d'affichage électroluminescent
US12495671B2 (en) * 2021-12-30 2025-12-09 Lg Display Co., Ltd. Light emitting display device

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