WO2013035839A1 - 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する透明フィルム、その製造方法および透明フィルムの製造に用いられる基材フィルム - Google Patents
微細凹凸構造を表面に有する透明フィルム、その製造方法および透明フィルムの製造に用いられる基材フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013035839A1 WO2013035839A1 PCT/JP2012/072881 JP2012072881W WO2013035839A1 WO 2013035839 A1 WO2013035839 A1 WO 2013035839A1 JP 2012072881 W JP2012072881 W JP 2012072881W WO 2013035839 A1 WO2013035839 A1 WO 2013035839A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/263—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer having non-uniform thickness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0053—Moulding articles characterised by the shape of the surface, e.g. ribs, high polish
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/14—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C39/18—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor for making articles of indefinite length incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. casting around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/16—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin specially treated, e.g. irradiated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
- G02B1/11—Anti-reflection coatings
- G02B1/118—Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0215—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having a regular structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
- B29C37/0067—Using separating agents during or after moulding; Applying separating agents on preforms or articles, e.g. to prevent sticking to each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
- B29C59/04—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts
- B29C59/046—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing using rollers or endless belts for layered or coated substantially flat surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/418—Refractive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/24612—Composite web or sheet
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transparent film having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface, a method for producing the same, and a base film used for producing the transparent film.
- a concavo-convex structure called a moth-eye structure is an effective antireflection means by continuously increasing the refractive index from the refractive index of air to the refractive index of the material of the article.
- An article having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface is, for example, a transparent film having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface (hereinafter, “transparent film having a fine concavo-convex structure on its surface” is simply referred to as “transparent film”). It is obtained by sticking to the surface.
- a method for producing a transparent film for example, a method having the following steps (i) to (iii) is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
- a film for optical use is usually used.
- the film for optical uses requires high transparency (high transmittance, low haze)
- the surface is finished smoothly. Therefore, there may be insufficient adhesion at the interface between the base film and the cured layer, and peeling occurs at the interface between the base film and the cured layer in the step (iii), and the cured layer does not separate from the mold. There is.
- the adhesiveness between a base film and a cured layer may not be enough.
- a film made of an acrylic resin is used as a base film, it is difficult to ensure adhesion between the surface of the base film and the cured layer.
- Patent Document 2 A manufacturing method using a base film with a roughened surface has been proposed in order to improve the above-mentioned mold release failure and adhesion failure (Patent Document 2).
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition and the base film have the same refractive index, and the boundary surface becomes invisible if the layers are in close contact.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition does not enter the dent, and the appearance is poor due to the difference in refractive index between the air remaining in the dent and the material of the base film or cured layer. May occur.
- a transparent film having a fine concavo-convex structure with a period of less than or equal to the wavelength of visible light on the surface has a very excellent antireflection performance and high transparency, so that a defect that has not been visually recognized with conventional optical films. May also stand out. Therefore, in a transparent film having a fine concavo-convex structure with a period equal to or shorter than the wavelength of visible light on the surface, it is necessary to completely fill the concavo-convex structure of the base film with the cured layer so that no air remains in the dent.
- the present invention is a transparent film having excellent adhesion at the interface between a cured layer having a fine concavo-convex structure and a substrate film and having good appearance quality, a method capable of stably producing a transparent film, and a curing having a fine concavo-convex structure
- a base film having a rough surface that is excellent in adhesion to a layer and in which an active energy ray-curable resin composition can easily enter a dent.
- the maximum valley depth Pv conforming to JIS B 0601: 2001 is 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m
- the average length of contour curve elements conforming to JIS B 0601: 2001 A hardened layer having a fine concavo-convex structure in which the average period of convex portions or concave portions is 20 nm or more and 400 nm or less is formed on the rough surface of a base film made of an acrylic resin having a rough surface having a roughness RSm of 10 ⁇ m or less
- JIS K is a transparent film in which the number of lattices of the hardened layer in close contact with the substrate film is 51 or more when a cross-cut test using 100 lattices of 2 mm intervals conforming to K5400 is performed.
- One aspect of the method for producing a transparent film of the present invention is a method for producing a transparent film in which a cured layer having a fine concavo-convex structure is formed on the surface of a base film, and (I) JIS B 0601 : It is made of an acrylic resin having a rough surface with a maximum valley depth Pv according to 2001 of 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m and an average length RSm of contour curve elements according to JIS B 0601: 2001 of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition can be improved by reducing the viscosity of the active energy ray curable resin composition and improving the permeability to the base film and the anchor effect. It is preferable that the temperature of the surface of the mold when the curable resin composition is cured be 70 ° C. or higher, and that the viscosity be lowered using a low-viscosity bifunctional monomer or monofunctional monomer.
- the mold in (2) or (3) has a fine concavo-convex structure having an average period of protrusions or recesses of 20 nm or more and 400 nm or less on the surface.
- the fine concavo-convex structure of the mold in (4) is preferably anodized porous alumina.
- One aspect of the base film of the present invention is a base film made of an acrylic resin used for the production of a transparent film having a cured layer having a fine relief structure on the surface, and is JIS B 0601: It has a rough surface having a maximum valley depth Pv in accordance with 2001 of 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m and an average length RSm of contour curve elements in accordance with JIS B 0601: 2001 of 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the transparent film of this invention is excellent in the adhesiveness of the interface of the hardened layer which has a fine uneven structure, and a base film, and its external appearance quality is favorable. According to the method for producing a transparent film of the present invention, it is possible to stably produce a transparent film having excellent adhesion at the interface between a cured layer having a fine concavo-convex structure and a substrate film and having good appearance quality.
- the base film of this invention is excellent in adhesiveness with the cured layer which has a fine concavo-convex structure, and has a rough surface where an active energy ray-curable resin composition can easily enter into a dent.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate
- transparent means that light having a wavelength of 400 to 1170 nm is transmitted
- active energy ray means It means visible light, ultraviolet light, electron beam, plasma, heat ray (infrared ray, etc.) and the like.
- the method for producing a transparent film of the present invention is a method for producing a transparent film in which a cured layer having a fine concavo-convex structure is formed on the surface of a substrate film, and includes the following steps (I) to (III): .
- (I) A step of sandwiching the active energy ray-curable resin composition between the surface of the substrate film and the surface of the mold having the inverted structure of the fine uneven structure on the surface.
- (II) A step of irradiating an active energy ray curable resin composition with an active energy ray to cure the active energy ray curable resin composition to form a cured layer to obtain a transparent film.
- (III) A step of separating the transparent film and the mold.
- Base film As the base film in the present invention, a film made of an acrylic resin is used because of its excellent transparency.
- the surface of the base film is roughened.
- the roughened surface is referred to as a rough surface.
- the maximum valley depth Pv of the rough surface of the base film is 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.1 to 2.8 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 2.6 ⁇ m.
- the average length RSm of the contour curve element of the rough surface of the base film is 10 ⁇ m or less, preferably 9.5 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 8.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the maximum valley depth Pv is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and the average length RSm of the contour curve elements is 10 ⁇ m or less, sufficient adhesion to the cured layer is obtained by the unevenness of the surface of the base film. If the maximum valley depth Pv is 3 ⁇ m or less, the unevenness of the surface of the base film is not excessively deep, and the appearance defect of the transparent film is suppressed.
- the maximum valley depth Pv and the average length RSm of the contour curve element conform to JIS B 0601: 2001, and can be measured by scanning white light interferometry.
- Examples of the roughening method for the base film include blasting, embossing, corona treatment, and plasma treatment.
- Blasting is a method of forming the irregular shape by scraping the surface of the base film.
- Examples of the blasting include sand blasting by sanding the surface of the substrate film, scratching the surface of the substrate film with an acute needle or the like to give an uneven shape, and hairline processing.
- Embossing is a method in which a molten thermoplastic resin is sandwiched between a mirror roll and an embossing roll, and then cooled to form an uneven shape.
- Corona treatment is a method in which corona discharge is generated by applying high-frequency and high-voltage output supplied by a high-frequency power source between the discharge electrode and the treatment roll, and the substrate film is passed through the corona discharge to modify the surface.
- Plasma treatment is a method for surface modification by exciting a gas in a vacuum with a high frequency power source or the like as a trigger to bring it into a highly reactive plasma state and then touching a substrate film.
- blasting such as scratch blasting and hairline processing and embossing are preferable from the viewpoint that a dense uneven shape can be formed.
- the loss coefficient (tan ⁇ ) of the dynamic viscoelasticity of the base film before the surface is roughened is preferably 80 to 110 ° C, more preferably 80 to 105 ° C.
- tan ⁇ is in accordance with JIS K 7244-4. When tan ⁇ is 80 ° C. or higher, the heat resistance is improved. If tan-delta is 110 degrees C or less, an active energy ray curable resin composition will penetrate
- the total light transmittance of the base film before the surface is roughened is preferably 90% or more, and the haze is preferably 2% or less.
- the total light transmittance is 91% or more, and the haze is more preferably 1.5% or less. Furthermore, the total light transmittance is 92% or more, and the haze is preferably 1.0% or less.
- the total light transmittance is as defined in JIS K 7361-1. When the total light transmittance is 90% or more and the haze is 2% or less, sufficient transparency can be obtained, and the optical performance required for an optical film (diffusion film, antireflection film, etc.) can be sufficiently exhibited.
- Examples of such a base film include “Technoloy” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., “SO Film” manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., “Acryviewer” manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. and “Acryprene” manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.
- the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 365 nm is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and even more preferably 50% or more. If the transmittance of light having a wavelength of 365 nm is 10% or more, the active energy ray-curable resin composition can be sufficiently cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the base film side.
- the base film may be a single layer film or a laminated film.
- the material of the base film when using an active energy ray-curable resin composition mainly composed of an acrylic monomer, the difference between the refractive index of the base film and the refractive index of the cured layer is sufficiently small. From this point, it is preferable to use an acrylic resin.
- an acrylic resin composition (C) containing 0 to 80% by mass of the following acrylic resin (A) and 20 to 100% by mass of the rubber-containing polymer (B) is preferable.
- the tensile strength of an acrylic film will fall.
- the acrylic resin (A) is 50 to 100% by mass of units derived from alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and 0% of units derived from other vinyl monomers copolymerizable therewith. A homopolymer or copolymer consisting of ⁇ 50% by weight.
- alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms methyl methacrylate is most preferable.
- Examples of other vinyl monomers include alkyl acrylate (methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, etc.), alkyl methacrylate (butyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, etc.), Aromatic vinyl compounds (styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, paramethylstyrene, etc.), vinylcyan compounds (acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, etc.) and the like can be mentioned.
- alkyl acrylate methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, etc.
- alkyl methacrylate butyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate,
- the acrylic resin (A) can be produced by a known suspension polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, bulk polymerization method or the like.
- the acrylic resin (A) is available as Mitsubishi Rayon's Dianal (registered trademark) BR series and Mitsubishi Rayon's Acrypet (registered trademark).
- the rubber polymer refers to a polymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than 25 ° C. Tg can be calculated from the FOX equation using the values described in Polymer Handbook [Polymer HandBook (J. Brandrup, Interscience, 1989)].
- the rubber-containing polymer (B) only needs to be polymerized in two or more stages. Examples of the rubber-containing polymer (B) include rubber-containing polymers described in JP-A-2008-208197, JP-A-2007-327039, JP-A-2006-289672, and the like. Specific examples of the rubber-containing polymer (B) include the following polymers (B1) to (B3).
- Polymer (B1) Monomer (B1-1) comprising at least an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and / or an alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a graft crossing agent. ) In the presence of a rubber polymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer (B1-2) comprising at least an alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms as a constituent component. Coalescence.
- the monomers (B1-1) and (B1-2) may be polymerized in a lump or may be polymerized in two or more stages.
- Polymer (B2) a polymer obtained by the following steps. (1) Polymerization of a monomer (B2-1) comprising at least a constituent component of an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and / or an alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a graft crossing agent (2) an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and / or an alkyl methacrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a graft crossing agent as at least components.
- a rubber polymer is obtained by polymerizing the monomer (B2-2) having a composition different from that of the monomer (B2-1), and in the presence thereof, (3) an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is formed.
- the monomer (B2-3) comprising at least the alkyl methacrylate as a constituent is polymerized.
- the refractive index of the polymer at each stage in the rubber-containing polymer (B) is described in “POLYMER20HANDBOOK” (Wiley Interscience), and the refractive index of the homopolymer at 20 ° C. (polymethyl methacrylate: 1. 489, poly n-butyl acrylate: 1.466, polystyrene: 1.591, polymethyl acrylate: 1.476, etc.).
- the refractive index of the copolymer can be calculated from the volume ratio. Specific gravity used in this case is 0.9360 for polymethyl methacrylate, 0.8998 for poly n-butyl acrylate, 0.9060 for polystyrene, 0.9564 for polymethyl acrylate, and the like.
- a sequential multistage polymerization method is preferred.
- Other production methods include, for example, an emulsion suspension polymerization method in which, after emulsion polymerization, each polymer is converted to a suspension polymerization system during polymerization.
- surfactant used in preparing the emulsion examples include anionic, cationic or nonionic surfactants, and anionic surfactants are preferred.
- Anionic surfactants include rosin soap; carboxylates such as potassium oleate, sodium stearate, sodium myristate, sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate, dipotassium alkenyl succinate; sulfate salts such as sodium lauryl sulfate Sulfonic acid salts such as sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium alkyldiphenyl ether disulfonate; phosphate esters such as polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sodium phosphate; polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphate Examples thereof include sodium phosphate salts and the like. Of these, phosphate ester salts such as sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates are preferred from the viewpoint of ecosystem conservation.
- the surfactant examples include “NC-718” manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, “Phosphanol LS-529”, “Phosphanol RS-610NA”, “Phosphanol RS” manufactured by Toho Chemical Industries, Ltd. -620NA “,” Phosphanol RS-630NA “,” Phosphanol RS-640NA “,” Phosphanol RS-650NA “,” Phosphanol RS-660NA “,” Latemul P-0404 “manufactured by Kao Corporation , “Latemul P-0405”, “Latemul P-0406”, “Latemul P-0407” and the like (all are trade names).
- a stirring blade As a mixing device for preparing an emulsion prepared by mixing the monomer that gives the first-stage polymer constituting the rubber-containing polymer (B) with water and a surfactant, a stirring blade is used. Stirrers provided; various forced emulsifiers such as homogenizers and homomixers; membrane emulsifiers and the like.
- the emulsified liquid may have either W / O type or O / W type dispersion structure, and is an O / W type in which oil droplets of monomers are dispersed in water, and the diameter of the oil droplets in the dispersed phase is 100 ⁇ m or less. Those are preferred.
- the rubber-containing polymer (B) can be produced by recovering the rubber-containing polymer from the polymer latex produced by the above-described method.
- Examples of the method for recovering the rubber-containing polymer (B) from the polymer latex include salting out or acid precipitation coagulation, spray drying, freeze drying and the like.
- the rubber-containing polymer (B) is usually recovered in powder form.
- the mass average particle diameter of the powdery rubber-containing polymer (B) is preferably from 0.01 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and from the viewpoint of the transparency of the optical acrylic film, is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.15 ⁇ m. The following is more preferable.
- the acrylic resin composition (C) may contain compounding agents such as an ultraviolet absorber, a stabilizer, a lubricant, a processing aid, a plasticizer, an impact resistance aid, and a release agent, if necessary.
- compounding agents such as an ultraviolet absorber, a stabilizer, a lubricant, a processing aid, a plasticizer, an impact resistance aid, and a release agent, if necessary.
- a method of adding a compounding agent when an acrylic film is formed, a method of supplying the compounding agent together with the acrylic resin composition (C), and various kneaders prepared by adding a compounding agent to the acrylic resin composition (C) in advance. And kneading and mixing. Examples of the kneader used in the latter method include ordinary single screw extruders, twin screw extruders, Banbury mixers, roll kneaders, and the like.
- the mold has a reversal structure (hereinafter referred to as a reversal fine concavo-convex structure) corresponding to the fine concavo-convex structure on the surface of the finally obtained transparent film on the surface of the mold body.
- a reversal structure hereinafter referred to as a reversal fine concavo-convex structure
- Examples of the material for the mold main body include metals (including those having an oxide film formed on the surface), quartz, glass, resin, ceramics, and the like.
- Examples of the shape of the mold body include a roll shape, a circular tube shape, a flat plate shape, and a sheet shape.
- the purity of aluminum is preferably 99% or more, more preferably 99.5% or more, and particularly preferably 99.8% or more.
- the purity of aluminum is low, when anodized, an uneven structure having a size to scatter visible light may be formed due to segregation of impurities, or the regularity of pores obtained by anodization may be lowered.
- the electrolytic solution include oxalic acid and sulfuric acid.
- the concentration of oxalic acid is preferably 0.7 M or less. When the concentration of oxalic acid exceeds 0.7M, the current value becomes too high, and the surface of the oxide film may become rough. When the formation voltage is 30 to 60 V, anodized porous alumina having highly regular pores with a period of 100 nm can be obtained. Regardless of whether the formation voltage is higher or lower than this range, the regularity tends to decrease.
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 45 ° C. or lower. When the temperature of the electrolytic solution exceeds 60 ° C., a so-called “burn” phenomenon occurs, and the pores may be broken, or the surface may melt and the regularity of the pores may be disturbed.
- the concentration of sulfuric acid is preferably 0.7M or less. If the concentration of sulfuric acid exceeds 0.7M, the current value may become too high to maintain a constant voltage.
- the formation voltage is 25 to 30 V, anodized porous alumina having highly regular pores with a period of 63 nm can be obtained. The regularity tends to decrease whether the formation voltage is higher or lower than this range.
- the temperature of the electrolytic solution is preferably 30 ° C. or lower, and more preferably 20 ° C. or lower. When the temperature of the electrolytic solution exceeds 30 ° C., a so-called “burn” phenomenon occurs, and the pores may be broken or the surface may melt and the regularity of the pores may be disturbed.
- Examples of the method for removing the oxide film include a method in which aluminum is not dissolved but is dissolved and removed in a solution that selectively dissolves the oxide film.
- Examples of such a solution include a chromic acid / phosphoric acid mixed solution.
- the pore diameter expansion treatment is a treatment for expanding the diameter of the pores obtained by anodic oxidation by immersing in a solution dissolving the oxide film. Examples of such a solution include a phosphoric acid aqueous solution of about 5% by mass. The longer the pore diameter expansion processing time, the larger the pore diameter.
- An anodized porous alumina (a porous oxide film of aluminum (alumite)) is formed, and a mold 22 having an inverted fine uneven structure on the surface is obtained. It is preferable that the last end is step (d).
- the total number of repetitions is preferably 3 times or more, and more preferably 5 times or more. When the number of repetitions is 2 times or less, the diameter of the pores decreases discontinuously. Therefore, the effect of reducing the reflectance of a cured layer produced using anodized porous alumina having such pores is insufficient. .
- Examples of the shape of the pores 36 include a substantially conical shape and a pyramid shape.
- the average period of the pores 36 is preferably not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm, more preferably not more than 200 nm, and particularly preferably not more than 150 nm.
- the average period of the pores 36 is preferably 20 nm or more, and more preferably 25 nm or more.
- the depth of the pores 36 is preferably 100 to 500 nm, more preferably 130 to 400 nm, and even more preferably 150 to 400 nm.
- the aspect ratio (depth of the pore / width of the opening of the pore) of the pore 36 is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 1.3 or more, still more preferably 1.5 or more, and 2.0 or more. Is particularly preferred.
- the aspect ratio of the pores 36 is preferably 5.0 or less.
- the surface of the hardened layer 20 formed by transferring the pores 36 as shown in FIG. 1 has a so-called moth-eye structure.
- the surface of the mold 22 may be treated with a release agent so as to facilitate separation from the cured layer.
- a release agent include silicone resins, fluorine resins, fluorine compounds, and the like, and fluorine compounds having a hydrolyzable silyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of excellent releasability and adhesion to a mold.
- fluorine compounds include fluoroalkylsilanes and “OPTOOL” series manufactured by Daikin Industries.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition contains a polymerizable compound and a polymerization initiator. What is necessary is just to use what has a monomer as a main component so that the difference of the refractive index of a base film and the refractive index of a cured layer may become small as an active energy ray curable resin composition.
- the polymerizable compound examples include monomers, oligomers, and reactive polymers having a radical polymerizable bond and / or a cationic polymerizable bond in the molecule.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition may contain a non-reactive polymer and an active energy ray sol-gel reactive composition.
- Examples of the monomer having a radical polymerizable bond include a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer.
- Monofunctional monomers include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) acrylate, s-butyl (meth) acrylate, t- Butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, alkyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, Phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth
- Polyfunctional monomers include ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, isocyanuric acid ethylene oxide modified di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate , Neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,5-pentanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polybutylene glycol di (Meth) acrylate, 2,2-bis (4- (meth) acryloxypolyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4- (meth) acryloxyethoxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4- (3- (Meth) acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) phenyl) propane, 1,2-bis (3- (meth) acryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy
- Examples of the monomer having a cationic polymerizable bond include monomers having an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, an oxazolyl group, a vinyloxy group, and the like, and a monomer having an epoxy group is particularly preferable.
- oligomer or reactive polymer examples include unsaturated polyesters such as a condensate of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol; polyester (meth) acrylate, polyether (meth) acrylate, polyol (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) Examples thereof include acrylates, urethane (meth) acrylates, cationic polymerization type epoxy compounds, homopolymers of the above-described monomers having a radical polymerizable bond in the side chain, and copolymerized polymers.
- unsaturated polyesters such as a condensate of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid and polyhydric alcohol
- non-reactive polymers examples include acrylic resins, styrene resins, polyurethanes, cellulose resins, polyvinyl butyral, polyesters, thermoplastic elastomers, and the like.
- active energy ray sol-gel reactive composition examples include alkoxysilane compounds and alkyl silicate compounds.
- R 1 x Si (OR 2 ) y (1)
- R 1 and R 2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- alkoxysilane compound examples include tetramethoxysilane, tetra-i-propoxysilane, tetra-n-propoxysilane, tetra-n-butoxysilane, tetra-sec-butoxysilane, tetra-t-butoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, Examples include methyltripropoxysilane, methyltributoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylpropoxysilane, and trimethylbutoxysilane.
- alkyl silicate compound examples include methyl silicate, ethyl silicate, isopropyl silicate, n-propyl silicate, n-butyl silicate, n-pentyl silicate, acetyl silicate and the like.
- examples of the photopolymerization initiator include benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzyl, benzophenone, p-methoxybenzophenone, and 2,2-diethoxy.
- examples of the polymerization initiator include benzophenone, 4,4-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, methyl orthobenzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, t- Thioxanthones such as butylanthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone; diethoxyacetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, benzyl Dimethyl ketal, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl-phenyl ketone, 2-methyl-2-morpholino (4-thiomethylphenyl) propan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4-morpho Benzophene ether such as benzoin methyl ether, benzo
- thermal polymerization initiator examples include methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl peroxy octoate, organic peroxides such as t-butylperoxybenzoate and lauroyl peroxide; azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile; N, N-dimethylaniline, N, N-dimethyl-p- Examples thereof include a redox polymerization initiator combined with an amine such as toluidine. The polymerization initiator may be used in combination.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polymerizable compound. When the amount of the polymerization initiator is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the polymerization is difficult to proceed. When the amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 10 parts by mass, the cured layer may be colored or the mechanical strength may be lowered.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition is an important factor that affects the adhesion at the interface between the cured layer and the substrate film. It is known that the adhesion at the interface between the cured layer and the substrate film is improved by the anchor effect that the active energy ray-curable resin composition penetrates into the irregularities of the substrate film.
- the penetrability varies depending on the type of the active energy ray-curable resin composition, and usually, a low molecular weight monofunctional monomer or a bifunctional monomer tends to have high penetrability into the unevenness of the base film.
- the low molecular weight monofunctional monomer or bifunctional monomer means a monofunctional monomer or bifunctional monomer having a molecular weight of 300 or less, and the active energy ray-curable resin composition has a low molecular weight component of 7% by mass. It is preferably contained in an amount of 10% by mass or more.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition is usually used in combination with a polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer and a bifunctional monomer or a monofunctional monomer. Since the polyfunctional (meth) acrylate monomer tends to have a high viscosity, the handling property may be lowered. In such a case, the handling property can be improved by diluting with a low-viscosity monofunctional monomer or bifunctional monomer.
- Monofunctional monomers such as alkyl (meth) acrylates and hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates are suitable for improving the adhesion at the interface between the cured layer and the substrate film.
- low viscosity bifunctional alkyl (meth) acrylates viscosity modifiers such as acryloylmorpholine and vinylpyrrolidone, acryloyl isocyanates, and the like can also be used.
- acrylic resin it is especially preferable to use methyl (meth) acrylate and ethyl acrylate.
- a transparent film is manufactured as follows, for example using the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. A surface of a roll-shaped mold 22 having a reverse microstructure composed of a plurality of pores (not shown) on the surface, and a band-shaped substrate film 18 that moves along the surface of the mold 22 in synchronization with the rotation of the mold 20
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 is supplied from the tank 24 between the rough surface.
- the base film 18 and the active energy ray curable resin composition 21 are nipped between the mold 22 and the nip roll 28 whose nip pressure is adjusted by the pneumatic cylinder 26, and the active energy ray curable resin composition 21 is While spreading uniformly between the base film 18 and the mold 22, the pores of the mold 22 are filled.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition 21 is sandwiched between the mold 22 and the base film 18, and the active energy ray irradiation device 30 installed below the mold 22 is used to start from the support film 17 side.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 is irradiated with active energy rays and the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 is cured, whereby a cured layer to which a plurality of pores (concave portions) on the surface of the mold 22 are transferred. 20 is formed.
- the transparent film 16 is obtained by peeling the base film 18 having the cured layer 20 formed on the surface by the peeling roll 32.
- the surface of the mold 22 is set to 70 ° C. or higher. It is preferable to do. By making it 70 degreeC or more, the viscosity of the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 falls, it becomes easy to enter into the recessed part of the base film 18 which has a rough surface, and sufficient adhesiveness is obtained.
- the temperature of the mold 22 is preferably higher and more preferably 75 ° C. or higher from the viewpoint that the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 promotes an anchor effect that penetrates into the irregularities of the base film 18 and improves adhesion. 80 ° C. or higher is more preferable. Moreover, from the point which suppresses the fall and shrinkage
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 While the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 is sandwiched between the mold 22 and the base film 18, the base film 18 and the active energy ray are cured until the active energy ray is irradiated and cured. By making the contact time of the functional resin composition 21 longer, it is possible to promote the anchor effect that the active energy ray-curable resin composition 21 penetrates into the irregularities of the base film 18 and improve the adhesion.
- the active energy ray irradiation device 30 is preferably a high-pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide lamp, or the like.
- the amount of light irradiation energy is preferably 100 to 10,000 mJ / cm 2 .
- the transparent film 16 obtained as described above is cured having a fine concavo-convex structure composed of a base film 18 and a plurality of convex portions 19 formed on the rough surface of the base film 18.
- Layer 20 a fine concavo-convex structure composed of a base film 18 and a plurality of convex portions 19 formed on the rough surface of the base film 18.
- the plurality of protrusions 19 have a so-called moth-eye structure in which a plurality of protrusions (convex portions) having a substantially conical shape or a pyramid shape are arranged at intervals equal to or shorter than the wavelength of visible light. It is known that the moth-eye structure becomes an effective antireflection means by continuously increasing the refractive index from the refractive index of air to the refractive index of the material.
- the average period of the convex portion 19 is preferably not more than the wavelength of visible light, that is, not more than 400 nm, more preferably not more than 200 nm, and particularly preferably not more than 150 nm.
- the average period of the convex portions 19 means that the cross section of the cured layer 20 is observed with an electron microscope, and the interval P between adjacent convex portions 19 (the distance from the center of the convex portion 19 to the center of the adjacent convex portion 19). ) was measured at five points, and these values were averaged.
- the average period of the projections 19 is preferably about 100 nm.
- the average period of the protrusions 19 is preferably 20 nm or more, and more preferably 25 nm or more, from the viewpoint of easy formation of the protrusions 19.
- the ratio (H / W) between the height H of the convex portion 19 and the width W of the bottom portion of the convex portion 19 is preferably 1.0 or more, more preferably 1.3 or more, further preferably 1.5 or more. 0.0 or more is particularly preferable. If H / W is 1.0 or more, the reflectance can be kept low in the entire region from the visible light region to the near infrared region. H / W is preferably 5.0 or less from the viewpoint of the mechanical strength of the convex portion 19.
- H is preferably 100 to 500 nm, more preferably 130 to 400 nm, and even more preferably 150 to 400 nm.
- the height of the convex portion 19 is 100 nm or more, the reflectance is sufficiently low and the wavelength dependence of the reflectance is small. If the height of the convex part 19 is 500 nm or less, the mechanical strength of the convex part 19 will become favorable.
- H and W can be measured by observing the cross section of the hardened layer 20 with an electron microscope.
- W is a width in the same plane (hereinafter referred to as a reference plane) as the bottom of the concave portion formed around the convex portion 19.
- H is the height from the reference surface to the top of the convex portion 19.
- H / W is the manufacturing condition of a mold having an anodized porous alumina on the surface, the viscosity of the active energy ray-curable resin composition filled in the pores (recesses) of the mold (see JP 2008-197216 A) It can adjust by selecting etc. suitably.
- the water contact angle on the surface of the moth-eye structure is preferably 90 ° or more, more preferably 100 ° or more, and particularly preferably 110 ° or more. If the water contact angle is 90 ° or more, water stains are less likely to adhere, so that sufficient antifouling properties are exhibited. Moreover, since water does not adhere easily, anti-icing can be expected.
- the water contact angle on the surface of the moth-eye structure is preferably 25 ° or less, more preferably 23 ° or less, and particularly preferably 21 ° or less. If the water contact angle is 25 ° or less, the dirt attached to the surface is washed away with water, and oil dirt is less likely to adhere, so that sufficient antifouling properties are exhibited.
- the water contact angle is preferably 3 ° or more from the viewpoint of suppressing the deformation of the moth-eye structure due to water absorption of the hardened layer 20 and the accompanying increase in reflectance.
- Articles having fine concavo-convex structure on the surface include antireflection articles (antireflection films, antireflection films), optical articles such as optical waveguides, relief holograms, lenses, polarization separation elements, cell culture sheets, super water-repellent films, super A hydrophilic film etc. are mentioned.
- antireflection articles include liquid crystal display devices, plasma display panels, electroluminescence displays, image display devices such as cathode ray tube display devices, display devices such as instruments, protective plates for solar cells, transparent substrates for transparent electrodes, etc. , Lenses, show windows, display cases, lighting front plates, antireflection films used on the surface of glasses, antireflection films, antireflection sheets, and the like.
- the adhesion at the interface between the cured layer and the substrate film can be evaluated by a cross-cut test using a 100 grid with a spacing of 2 mm in accordance with JIS K 5400.
- the number of grids of the cured layer that is in close contact with the base film is preferably 51 or more, and is 60 or more. More preferably, it is more preferably 70 or more.
- the number of closely attached lattices is 51 or more, when an article having a fine concavo-convex structure on the surface is used for an antireflection article, the cured layer is prevented from unintentionally peeling from the base film. it can.
- permeates the unevenness
- the refractive indexes of the base film and the cured layer were measured using an Abbe refractometer (NAR-2 manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.).
- the maximum valley depth Pv on the surface of the base film and the average length RSm of the contour curve elements are based on JIS B 0601: 2001, and a scanning white light interferometer three-dimensional profiler system “New View 6300” (Zygo) And the visual field was joined to obtain a size of 4 mm ⁇ 0.5 mm, which was obtained from the observation result.
- Adhesion The adhesion at the interface between the cured layer and the substrate film was evaluated according to the following criteria by conducting a cross-cut test using 100 grids with a spacing of 2 mm in accordance with JIS K 5400.
- ⁇ The number of closely attached lattices in 100 lattices is 0 to 50.
- An anodized porous alumina having a substantially conical pore having an average period of 100 nm and a depth of 180 nm is obtained.
- a roll-shaped mold a formed on the surface was obtained.
- the mold a was dipped in a 0.1% by weight diluted solution of OPTOOL DSX (manufactured by Daikin Chemicals Sales) for 10 minutes at room temperature and pulled up.
- the mold a treated with a release agent was obtained by air drying overnight.
- the cured layer having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition A was transparent and the refractive index was 1.51.
- the cured layer having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m obtained by curing the active energy ray-curable resin composition B was transparent and the refractive index was 1.52.
- the surface of the acrylic film was roughened while rotating in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the material film 18.
- An acrylic film whose surface roughness was adjusted by changing the tension applied to the substrate film 18 by the tension rolls 52 and 54 was obtained.
- Table 3 shows the maximum valley depth Pv and the average length RSm of the contour curve elements.
- Example 1 The transparent film was manufactured using the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. As the roll-shaped mold 22, the mold a was used.
- the active energy ray curable resin composition 21 the active energy ray curable resin composition A shown in Table 1 was used.
- the base film 18 an acrylic film having the maximum valley depth Pv and the average length RSm of contour curve elements shown in Table 3 was used.
- the value of the maximum height roughness Rz (conforming to JIS B 0601: 2001) is described for reference.
- the active energy ray-curable resin composition A was cured by irradiating the coating film of the active energy ray-curable resin composition A with ultraviolet rays having an integrated light quantity of 1000 mJ / cm 2 from the base film 18 side.
- the transparent film of the present invention is useful as an antireflection article.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2011年9月8日に、日本に出願された特願2011-195998に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
透明フィルムの製造方法としては、例えば、下記の工程(i)~(iii)を有する方法が知られている(例えば、特許文献1)。
(i)表面に微細凹凸構造の反転構造を有するモールドと、透明フィルムの本体となる基材フィルムとの間に、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を挟持する工程。
(ii)活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層を形成し、透明フィルムを得る工程。
(iii)モールドと透明フィルムとを分離する工程。
(5)前記(4)における前記モールドの前記微細凹凸構造は、陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナであることが好ましい。
本発明の透明フィルムの製造方法によれば、微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層と基材フィルムとの界面の密着性に優れ、かつ外観品質の良好な透明フィルムを安定的に製造できる。
本発明の基材フィルムは、微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層との密着性に優れ、かつ凹みに活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が入り込みやすい粗面を有する。
本発明の透明フィルムの製造方法は、基材フィルムの表面に、微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層が形成された透明フィルムを製造する方法であって、下記の工程(I)~(III)を有する。
(II)活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて硬化層を形成し、透明フィルムを得る工程。
(III)透明フィルムとモールドとを分離する工程。
本発明における基材フィルムとしては、透明性に優れていることから、アクリル系樹脂からなるフィルムが用いられる。
基材フィルムの表面は、粗面化されている。以下、粗面化された表面を粗面と記す。
基材フィルムの粗面の最大谷深さPvは、0.1~3μmであり、好ましくは0.1~2.8μmであり、より好ましくは1~2.6μmである。
基材フィルムの粗面の輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmは、10μm以下であり、好ましくは9.5μm以下であり、より好ましくは8.5μm以下である。
最大谷深さPvおよび輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmは、JIS B 0601:2001に準拠するものであり、走査型白色干渉法によって測定することができる。具体的には走査型白色干渉計3次元プロファイラーシステム「New View6300」(Zygo社製)を用いて表面観察を行い、視野をつなぎ合わせて4mm×0.5mmサイズとし、その観察結果から算出される。
ブラスト処理とは、基材フィルムの表面を削り、凹凸形状を形成する方法である。ブラスト処理としては、例えば、基材フィルムの表面に砂をあてて表面を削るサンドブラスト、鋭角な針等で基材フィルムの表面を引掻き凹凸形状を付与するスクラッチブラスト、ヘアーライン加工等が挙げられる。
エンボス加工とは、溶融状態の熱可塑性樹脂を鏡面ロールとエンボスロールとで挟み込み、その後、冷却して凹凸形状を形成する方法である。
コロナ処理とは、高周波電源によって供給される高周波・高電圧出力を放電電極-処理ロール間に印加することでコロナ放電が発生させ、コロナ放電下に基材フィルムを通過させ表面改質する方法である。
プラズマ処理とは、真空中でガスを、高周波電源等をトリガーとして励起させ、反応性の高いプラズマ状態にした後、基材フィルムに触れさせることにより表面改質する方法である。
粗面化方法としては、緻密な凹凸形状を形成できる点から、スクラッチブラスト、ヘアーライン加工等のブラスト処理やエンボス加工が好ましい。
基材フィルムの屈折率と硬化層の屈折率との差が±0.05以内であれば、基材フィルムの表面に凹凸が形成されていても、基材フィルムと硬化層との界面における反射や散乱が十分に抑えられ、透明フィルム自体のヘイズが十分に低くなり、高い透明性を維持できる。
全光線透過率が90%以上であり、ヘイズが2%以下であれば、十分な透明性が得られ、光学フィルム(拡散フィルム、反射防止フィルム等)に求められる光学性能を十分に発揮できる。このような基材フィルムとしては、住友化学社製「テクノロイ」、クラレ社製「SOフィルム」、日本触媒社製「アクリビュア」、三菱レイヨン社製「アクリプレン」等が挙げられる。
基材フィルムは、単層フィルムであってもよく、積層フィルムであってもよい。
炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートとしては、メチルメタクリレートが最も好ましい。
アクリル系樹脂(A)は、公知の懸濁重合法、乳化重合法、塊状重合法等により製造できる。
アクリル系樹脂(A)は、三菱レイヨン社製のダイヤナール(登録商標)BRシリーズ、三菱レイヨン社製のアクリペット(登録商標)として入手可能である。
ゴム含有重合体(B)は、2段以上で重合されたものであればよい。ゴム含有重合体(B)としては、例えば、特開2008-208197号公報、特開2007-327039号公報、特開2006-289672号公報等に記載のゴム含有重合体が挙げられる。
ゴム含有重合体(B)の具体例としては、下記の重合体(B1)~(B3)が挙げられる。
(1)炭素数1~8のアルキル基を有するアルキルアクリレートおよび/または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートおよびグラフト交叉剤を少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B2-1)を重合して得られた重合体の存在下に
(2)炭素数1~8のアルキル基を有するアルキルアクリレートおよび/または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートおよびグラフト交叉剤を少なくとも構成成分としてなる、単量体(B2-1)とは異なる組成の単量体(B2-2)を重合してゴム重合体を得て、その存在下に
(3)炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートを少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B2-3)を重合する。
(1)炭素数1~8のアルキル基を有するアルキルアクリレートおよび/または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートおよびグラフト交叉剤を少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B3-1)を重合して重合体を得て、その存在下に
(2)炭素数1~8のアルキル基を有するアルキルアクリレートおよびグラフト交叉剤を少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B3-2)を重合してゴム重合体を得て、その存在下に
(3)炭素数1~8のアルキル基を有するアルキルアクリレートおよび/または炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートおよびグラフト交叉剤を少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B3-3)を重合し、さらに
(4)炭素数1~4のアルキル基を有するアルキルメタクリレートを少なくとも構成成分としてなる単量体(B3-4)を重合する。
乳化液は、W/O型、O/W型のいずれの分散構造でもよく、水中に単量体の油滴が分散したO/W型で、分散相の油滴の直径が100μm以下であるものが好ましい。
重合開始剤の添加方法は、水相、単量体相のいずれか片方、または双方に添加する方法を採用できる。
配合剤の添加方法としては、アクリルフィルムを成形する際に、成形機にアクリル樹脂組成物(C)とともに供給する方法、あらかじめアクリル樹脂組成物(C)に配合剤を添加した混合物を各種混練機にて混練混合する方法が挙げられる。後者の方法に用いる混練機としては、通常の単軸押出機、二軸押出機、バンバリミキサー、ロール混練機等が挙げられる。
アクリルフィルムの厚さは、フィルム物性の点から、10~500μmが好ましい。アクリルフィルムの厚さが10~500μmであれば、適度な剛性となるため、後述するロール状のモールドを用いた透明フィルムの製造が容易となり、また、製膜性が安定してフィルムの製造が容易となる。アクリルフィルムの厚さは、15~400μmがより好ましく、20~300μmがさらに好ましい。
モールドは、最終的に得られる透明フィルムの表面の微細凹凸構造に対応する反転構造(以下、反転微細凹凸構造と記す。)をモールド本体の表面に有するものである。
モールド本体の形状としては、ロール状、円管状、平板状、シート状等が挙げられる。
(X)アルミニウムからなるモールド本体の表面に、複数の細孔(凹部)を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを形成する方法。
(Y)モールド本体の表面にリソグラフィ法、電子線描画法、レーザー光干渉法等によって反転微細凹凸構造を直接形成する方法。
(a)アルミニウムを電解液中、定電圧下で陽極酸化して酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(b)酸化皮膜を除去し、陽極酸化の細孔発生点を形成する工程。
(c)アルミニウムを電解液中、再度陽極酸化し、細孔発生点に細孔を有する酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(d)細孔の径を拡大させる工程。
(e)工程(d)の後、電解液中、再度陽極酸化する工程。
(f)前記工程(d)と工程(e)を繰り返し行う工程。
図1に示すように、アルミニウム34を陽極酸化すると、細孔36を有する酸化皮膜38が形成される。
アルミニウムの純度は、99%以上が好ましく、99.5%以上がより好ましく、99.8%以上が特に好ましい。アルミニウムの純度が低いと、陽極酸化した時に、不純物の偏析により可視光線を散乱する大きさの凹凸構造が形成されたり、陽極酸化で得られる細孔の規則性が低下したりすることがある。
電解液としては、シュウ酸、硫酸等が挙げられる。
シュウ酸の濃度は、0.7M以下が好ましい。シュウ酸の濃度が0.7Mを超えると、電流値が高くなりすぎて酸化皮膜の表面が粗くなることがある。
化成電圧が30~60Vの時、周期が100nmの規則性の高い細孔を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを得ることができる。化成電圧がこの範囲より高くても低くても規則性が低下する傾向にある。
電解液の温度は、60℃以下が好ましく、45℃以下がより好ましい。電解液の温度が60℃を超えると、いわゆる「ヤケ」といわれる現象がおこり、細孔が壊れたり、表面が溶けて細孔の規則性が乱れたりすることがある。
硫酸の濃度は0.7M以下が好ましい。硫酸の濃度が0.7Mを超えると、電流値が高くなりすぎて定電圧を維持できなくなることがある。
化成電圧が25~30Vの時、周期が63nmの規則性の高い細孔を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを得ることができる。化成電圧がこの範囲より高くても低くても規則性が低下する傾向がある。
電解液の温度は、30℃以下が好ましく、20℃以下がよりに好ましい。電解液の温度が30℃を超えると、いわゆる「ヤケ」といわれる現象がおこり、細孔が壊れたり、表面が溶けて細孔の規則性が乱れたりすることがある。
図1に示すように、酸化皮膜38を一旦除去し、これを陽極酸化の細孔発生点40にすることで細孔の規則性を向上することができる。
図1に示すように、酸化皮膜を除去したアルミニウム34を再度、陽極酸化すると、円柱状の細孔36を有する酸化皮膜38が形成される。
陽極酸化は、工程(a)と同様な条件で行えばよい。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど深い細孔を得ることができる。
図1に示すように、細孔36の径を拡大させる処理(以下、細孔径拡大処理と記す。)を行う。細孔径拡大処理は、酸化皮膜を溶解する溶液に浸漬して陽極酸化で得られた細孔の径を拡大させる処理である。このような溶液としては、例えば、5質量%程度のリン酸水溶液等が挙げられる。
細孔径拡大処理の時間を長くするほど、細孔径は大きくなる。
図1に示すように、再度、陽極酸化すると、円柱状の細孔36の底部から下に延び、直径の小さい円柱状の細孔36がさらに形成される。
陽極酸化は、工程(a)と同様な条件で行えばよい。陽極酸化の時間を長くするほど深い細孔を得ることができる。
図1に示すように、工程(d)の細孔径拡大処理と、工程(e)の陽極酸化を繰り返すと、直径が開口部から深さ方向に連続的に減少する形状の細孔36を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナ(アルミニウムの多孔質の酸化皮膜(アルマイト))が形成され、表面に反転微細凹凸構造を有するモールド22が得られる。最後は工程(d)で終わることが好ましい。
繰り返し回数は、合計で3回以上が好ましく、5回以上がより好ましい。繰り返し回数が2回以下では、非連続的に細孔の直径が減少するため、このような細孔を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナを用いて製造された硬化層の反射率低減効果は不十分である。
細孔36の平均周期は、可視光線の波長以下、すなわち400nm以下が好ましく、200nm以下がより好ましく、150nm以下が特に好ましい。細孔36の平均周期は、20nm以上が好ましく、25nm以上がより好ましい。
細孔36のアスペクト比(細孔の深さ/細孔の開口部の幅)は、1.0以上が好ましく、1.3以上がより好ましく、1.5以上がさらに好ましく、2.0以上が特に好ましい。細孔36のアスペクト比は、5.0以下が好ましい。
図1に示すような細孔36を転写して形成された硬化層20の表面は、いわゆるモスアイ構造となる。
離型剤としては、シリコーン樹脂、フッ素樹脂、フッ素化合物等が挙げられ、離型性に優れる点、モールドとの密着性に優れる点から、加水分解性シリル基を有するフッ素化合物が好ましい。フッ素化合物の市販品としてはフルオロアルキルシラン、ダイキン工業社製の「オプツール」シリーズが挙げられる。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物は、重合性化合物および重合開始剤を含む。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物としては、基材フィルムの屈折率と硬化層の屈折率との差が十分に小さくなるようなモノマーを主成分とするものを用いればよい。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物は、非反応性のポリマー、活性エネルギー線ゾルゲル反応性組成物を含んでいてもよい。
単官能モノマーとしては、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、i-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、s-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、アルキル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、アリル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、2-メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート誘導体;(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリロニトリル;スチレン、α-メチルスチレン等のスチレン誘導体;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ジエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の(メタ)アクリルアミド誘導体等が挙げられる。これらは、1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
活性エネルギー線ゾルゲル反応性組成物としては、アルコキシシラン化合物、アルキルシリケート化合物等が挙げられる。
R1 xSi(OR2)y・・・(1)
ただし、R1、R2は、それぞれ炭素数1~10のアルキル基を表し、x、yは、x+y=4の関係を満たす整数を表す。
R3O[Si(OR5)(OR6)O]zR4・・・(2)
ただし、R3~R6は、それぞれ炭素数1~5のアルキル基を表し、zは、3~20の整数を表す。
透明フィルムは、例えば、図2に示す製造装置を用いて、下記のようにして製造される。
複数の細孔(図示略)からなる反転微細構造を表面に有するロール状のモールド22の表面と、モールド20の回転に同期してモールド22の表面に沿って移動する帯状の基材フィルム18の粗面との間に、タンク24から活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物21を供給する。
剥離ロール32により、表面に硬化層20が形成された基材フィルム18を剥離することによって、透明フィルム16を得る。
以上のようにして得られる透明フィルム16は、図3に示すように、基材フィルム18と、基材フィルム18の粗面に形成された、複数の凸部19からなる微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層20とを有する。
陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナのモールドを用いて凸部19を形成した場合、凸部19の平均周期は100nm程度となり好ましい。
凸部19の平均周期は、凸部19の形成のしやすさの点から、20nm以上が好ましく、25nm以上がより好ましい。
Hは、前記基準面から凸部19の最頂部までの高さとする。
透明フィルムを各種物品本体に貼着することによって、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品が得られる。
物品本体の材料としては、ガラス、アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート、スチレン系樹脂、ポリエステル、セルロース系樹脂(トリアセチルセルロース等)、ポリオレフィン、脂環式ポリオレフィン等が挙げられる。
微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品としては、反射防止物品(反射防止フィルム、反射防止膜)、光導波路、レリーフホログラム、レンズ、偏光分離素子等の光学物品、細胞培養シート、超撥水性フィルム、超親水性フィルム等が挙げられる。特に反射防止物品としての用途に適している。反射防止物品としては、例えば液晶表示装置、プラズマディスプレイパネル、エレクトロルミネッセンスディスプレイ、陰極管表示装置のような画像表示装置、計器類のような表示装置、太陽電池の保護板、透明電極用透明基板等、レンズ、ショーウィンドー、展示ケース、照明の前面板、眼鏡等の表面で使用される反射防止膜、反射防止フィルムや反射防止シート等が挙げられる。
硬化層と基材フィルムとの界面の密着性は、JIS K 5400に準拠して、2mm間隔の100格子を用いた碁盤目試験等によって評価することができる。密着性としては、JIS K 5400に準拠した2mm間隔の100格子を用いた碁盤目試験において、基材フィルムに密着している硬化層の格子数が51以上であることが好ましく、60以上であることがより好ましく、70以上であることがさらに好ましい。密着している格子数が51以上であれば、微細凹凸構造を表面に有する物品を反射防止物品等に用いた場合に、硬化層が基材フィルムから意図せずに剥離してしまうことを抑制できる。
以上説明した本発明の透明フィルムの製造方法にあっては、(I)基材フィルムの表面と、微細凹凸構造の反転構造を有するモールドの表面との間に、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を挟持する工程と、(II)活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射し、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて硬化層を形成し、透明フィルムを得る工程と、(III)透明フィルムとモールドとを分離する工程とを有する製造方法において、基材フィルムとして、最大谷深さPvが0.1~3μm、輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmが10μm以下とされた粗面を有するものを用いているため、硬化層が基材フィルムの凹凸に浸透し、アンカー効果によって硬化層と基材フィルムとの界面の密着性が向上する。また、硬化層が基材フィルムの凹凸を完全に埋め尽くすことによって、外観欠陥を防ぐことができる。その結果、基材フィルムと硬化層との界面の密着性がよく、外観品質の良好な透明フィルムを安定的に製造できる。
陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナの一部を削り、断面にプラチナを1分間蒸着し、電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡(日本電子社製、JSM-7400F)を用いて、加速電圧:3.00kVの条件にて断面を観察し、細孔の間隔、細孔の深さを測定した。各測定は、それぞれ50点について行い、平均値を求めた。
硬化層の破断面にプラチナを5分間蒸着し、電界放出形走査電子顕微鏡(日本電子社製、JSM-7400F)を用いて、加速電圧:3.00kVの条件にて断面を観察し、凸部の平均間隔、凸部の高さを測定した。各測定は、それぞれ5点について行い、平均値を求めた。
基材フィルムおよび硬化層の屈折率は、アッベ屈折率計(アタゴ社製、NAR-2)を用いて測定した。
基材フィルムの表面の最大谷深さPvおよび輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmは、JIS B 0601:2001に準拠するものであり、走査型白色干渉計3次元プロファイラーシステム「New View6300」(Zygo社製)を用いて観察を行い、視野をつなぎ合わせて4mm×0.5mmサイズとしその観察結果から得た。
硬化層と基材フィルムとの界面の密着性は、JIS K 5400に準拠して、2mm間隔の100格子を用いた碁盤目試験を行い、下記の基準で評価した。
◎:100格子全て密着している。
○:100格子中、密着している格子数が91~99。
△:100格子中、密着している格子数が51~90。
×:100格子中、密着している格子数が0~50。
外観については、透明フィルムをアクリル板に両面貼着したものについて、目視検査および光学顕微鏡で確認し、下記の基準で評価した。
○:欠陥部の占める面積が全面積に対して1%未満。
×:欠陥部の占める面積が全面積に対して1%以上。
純度99.99%のアルミニウムインゴットを直径:200mm、長さ350mmに切断した圧延痕のない円筒状アルミニウム基材に、羽布研磨処理を施した後、これを過塩素酸/エタノール混合溶液中(体積比:1/4)で電解研磨し、鏡面化した。
鏡面化されたアルミニウム基材について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流:40V、温度:16℃の条件で30分間陽極酸化を行った。
工程(b):
厚さ3μmの酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム基材を、6質量%リン酸/1.8質量%クロム酸混合水溶液に浸漬して、酸化皮膜を除去した。
工程(c):
酸化皮膜を除去したアルミニウム基材について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流:40V、温度:16℃の条件で30秒間陽極酸化を行った。
酸化皮膜が形成されたアルミニウム基材を、32℃の5質量%リン酸水溶液に8分間浸漬して、細孔径拡大処理を行った。
工程(e):
細孔径拡大処理を行ったアルミニウム基材について、0.3Mシュウ酸水溶液中で、直流:40V、温度:16℃の条件で30秒間陽極酸化を行った。
工程(f):
前記工程(d)および工程(e)を合計で4回繰り返し、最後に工程(d)を行って、平均周期:100nm、深さ:180nmの略円錐形状の細孔を有する陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナが表面に形成されたロール状のモールドaを得た。
以下の組成からなる活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物A(表1)を調製した。
アクリルフィルム(三菱レイヨン社製、商品名:アクリプレン(登録商標)HBK003、厚さ:100μm、屈折率:1.49、動的粘弾性の損失係数tanδ:104℃、全光線透過率:92.6%、ヘイズ:0.63%、波長365nmの光の透過率:91%)を用意した。
図4に示すような、表面に酸化チタンから成る凹凸形状を有するブラシロール50と、ブラシロール50の前後に配置されたテンションロール52、54とを有するスクラッチブラスト装置を用い、ブラストロール50を基材フィルム18の進行方向とは逆方向に回転させながら、アクリルフィルムの表面を粗面化した。テンションロール52、54によって基材フィルム18にかかるテンションを変えることによって表面粗さを調整されたアクリルフィルムを得た。最大谷深さPvおよび輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmを表3に示す。
図2に示す製造装置を用いて、透明フィルムを製造した。
ロール状のモールド22としては、前記モールドaを用いた。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物21としては、表1に示す活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物Aを用いた。
基材フィルム18としては、表3に示す最大谷深さPvおよび輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmを有するアクリルフィルムを用いた。また、最大高さ粗さRz(JIS B 0601:2001準拠)の値を参考のために記す。
基材フィルム18側から、積算光量1000mJ/cm2の紫外線を、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物Aの塗膜に照射し、活性エネルギー線化性樹脂組成物Aの硬化を行った。活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物Aの硬化時のモールドのa表面の温度は70℃であった。
得られた透明フィルムの凸部の平均周期は100nmであり、凸部の高さは180nmであった。透明フィルムの密着性および外観の評価結果を表3に示す。
活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物21および基材フィルム18として表3に示すものを用い、モールド22の温度を変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして透明フィルムを製造した。
透明フィルムの密着性および外観の評価結果を表3に示す。
18 基材フィルム
19 凸部(微細凹凸構造)
20 硬化層
21 活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物
22 モールド
36 細孔(反転構造)
Claims (6)
- JIS B 0601:2001に準拠した最大谷深さPvが0.1~3μmであり、かつJIS B 0601:2001に準拠した輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmが10μm以下である粗面を有するアクリル系樹脂からなる基材フィルムの粗面に、凸部または凹部の平均周期が20nm以上400nm以下である微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層が形成され、
JIS K 5400に準拠した2mm間隔の100格子を用いた碁盤目試験を行った場合に、前記基材フィルムに密着している前記硬化層の格子数が51以上である、透明フィルム。 - 基材フィルムの表面に、微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層が形成された透明フィルムを製造する方法であって、
(I)JIS B 0601:2001に準拠した最大谷深さPvが0.1~3μmであり、かつJIS B 0601:2001に準拠した輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmが10μm以下である粗面を有するアクリル系樹脂からなる基材フィルムの粗面と、前記微細凹凸構造の反転構造を有するモールドの表面との間に、活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を挟持する工程と、
(II)前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物に活性エネルギー線を照射し、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化させて前記硬化層を形成し、前記透明フィルムを得る工程と、
(III)前記透明フィルムと前記モールドとを分離する工程と
を有する、透明フィルムの製造方法。 - 前記工程(II)において、前記活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂組成物が硬化する際の前記モールドの表面の温度を70℃以上にする、請求項2に記載の透明フィルムの製造方法。
- 前記モールドが、凸部または凹部の平均周期が20nm以上400nm以下の微細凹凸構造を表面に有する、請求項2に記載の透明フィルムの製造方法。
- 前記モールドの前記微細凹凸構造が、陽極酸化ポーラスアルミナである、請求項4に記載の透明フィルムの製造方法。
- 表面に微細凹凸構造を有する硬化層が形成された透明フィルムの製造に用いられるアクリル系樹脂からなる基材フィルムであって、
JIS B 0601:2001に準拠した最大谷深さPvが0.1~3μmであり、かつJIS B 0601:2001に準拠した輪郭曲線要素の平均長さRSmが10μm以下である粗面を有する、基材フィルム。
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| US14/343,077 US20140220306A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 | 2012-09-07 | Transparent film having micro-convexoconcave structure on surface thereof, method for producing the same, and base film used in production of transparent film |
| JP2012542281A JP6048145B2 (ja) | 2011-09-08 | 2012-09-07 | 微細凹凸構造を表面に有する透明フィルム、および、その製造方法 |
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| JP6048145B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
| JPWO2013035839A1 (ja) | 2015-03-23 |
| US20140220306A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
| CN103813896A (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
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