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WO2013034668A1 - Traitement de matière organique - Google Patents

Traitement de matière organique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013034668A1
WO2013034668A1 PCT/EP2012/067472 EP2012067472W WO2013034668A1 WO 2013034668 A1 WO2013034668 A1 WO 2013034668A1 EP 2012067472 W EP2012067472 W EP 2012067472W WO 2013034668 A1 WO2013034668 A1 WO 2013034668A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
organic material
burning
preheating
gases
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/067472
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David Napper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
2+STAU APS
Original Assignee
2+STAU APS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 2+STAU APS filed Critical 2+STAU APS
Publication of WO2013034668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013034668A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F23G5/165—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber arranged at a different level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/105—Arrangement of sensing devices for NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/101—Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/50—Intercepting solids by cleaning fluids (washers or scrubbers)

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the treatment of waste organic material. More specifically, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for the treatment of waste organic material, which enables heat and other useful products to be extracted from an otherwise waste material in a clean and efficient manner.
  • waste material such as human or animal effluent and other by-products of food processing
  • waste material puts a large burden on the farm or facility to dispose of in an environmentally acceptable manner, often requiring large amounts of land to be provided to allow the waste material to be spread sufficiently thinly to meet legislation relating to the products contained therein.
  • every pig farmer must have enough land to spread the pig effluent (containing mostly urea and ammonia) to prevent the phosphorus and nitrogen compounds also contained in the effluent from getting into streams and surface water.
  • Another example of where problems might be caused by excess phosphorus is fish farming, wherein fish are generally raised in an environment where they spend most of their life swimming in varying concentrations of their own excrement, which contains the same phosphorus and nitrogen compounds described above.
  • a number of diseases and problems are specifically attributed to the practice including infection by Flavobacterium as well as giving unwanted "taste of mud” caused by waste (Geosmin and Methylisoborneol) from bacteria metabolism.
  • a further problem is caused when clean water, which is occasionally added to dilute the environment in which the fish are farmed, causes overspill of the contaminated water into streams.
  • DK200800645 (Purliq) teaches a method of filtering much of the fibers and organic material from organic waste material, in this case pig effluent ("slurry").
  • organic waste material typically contains high levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and ammonia. Since much of the phosphorus and some of the urea and ammonia are bound to the organics, by using the Purliq method, a farmer can solve some of the problems relating to waste effluent disposal by removing these fibers and organic materials from the slurry and hence reduce the amount of land required to dispose of the remaining waste.
  • a problem with the above-mentioned Purliq method is that a filtered "biomass" containing a large quantity of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K), is obtained, which poses a separate problem in that, if left untreated, the biomass will rot.
  • An obvious solution to this problem is to burn the biomass, but this introduces a further problem in that burning of organic waste is regulated due to the harmful nitrogen compounds that are created when organic material is burnt in air, commonly referred to as NO x .
  • the Purliq method is used the problem is partially solved but there is still a requirement to dispose of the fibers.
  • One solution is to truck the fibers to an offsite incinerator but this incurs additional cost and environmental impact.
  • the slurry can also be transported to a facility/farm further away, which is typically what is done. In addition to the cost of transportation, however, there is the attendant problem of the potential for spreading sickness from one farm to another.
  • the level of NO x gases released into the atmosphere can be controlled by scrubbing flue gases with ammonia (NH 4 ), as described in US- B-3900554, for example.
  • NH 4 ammonia
  • the flue gases can be scrubbed to reduce the harmful NO N gases to an acceptable level, burning of the waste material can provide useful energy to the farm or facility, in the form of heat.
  • sourcing the ammonia required for scrubbing introduces additional cost both in terms of purchasing it and transportation.
  • transportation of ammonia has an undesirable carbon footprint.
  • the cost of sourcing the ammonia typically negates the savings that could otherwise be made from capturing and using heat from burning the waste material.
  • the waste material is pressed using sufficient force to remove a majority of fluid contained within.
  • An apparatus for performing the method is also provided.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of an apparatus suitable for performing the method of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a flow diagram representing the process steps of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus in accordance with the invention, which can perform the method of invention.
  • the apparatus receives pressed organic waste material, such as pig effluent, into a hopper 1.
  • the material passes through a first preheating chamber 2 on conveyor belt, screw or other driving mechanism.
  • the heating in this example is at around 70 °C to vaporize ammonia present in the material.
  • the connecting chamber 3 allows material to pass from the first chamber 2 into a second chamber 4 which has a temperature in the region of 150 °C which further heats the material and ensures removal of water from the material.
  • a second connecting chamber 5 then allows material from the second collecting chamber 4 to pass into a burning chamber 6.
  • the material is burnt within the chamber 6 unit until it has been reduced to ashes and passed out into ash collection region 7.
  • Waste gas from the burning process is collected via pipe 8 and then passed up into the atmosphere via flue 9.
  • a scrubbing unit 10 is positioned within the flue 9 so that the waste gasses from the burning can be scrubbed to remove the NO x compounds within the gas.
  • the scrubbing unit 10 requires a supply of ammonia gas and can be aided by the presence of water vapour.
  • blowers 1 1 , 12 which are connected to the first and second collecting chambers 2, 4, the blowers create potential vacuums across their respective chambers to create efficient flow of ammonia and moisture to the blowers 1 1 , 12.
  • Sensors may be provided at the scrubber to ensure that there is an appropriate ratio of ammonia to NO x compounds to ensure efficient scrubbing. If it is detected that the amount of ammonia is insufficient then additional ammonia can be added through an increase in the input of material via the hopper 1 , or optionally by the supply of liquid that was obtained during the pressing of the organic material prior to its delivery to the hopper 1 .
  • the system may also optionally be arranged such that the liquid collected during pressing, or water from a separate supply, can be applied to the burning chamber 6 via spray 15 to ensure that the temperature in the chamber does not exceed levels which causes the generation of excess NO x in the exhaust gases that pass to the flue line.
  • the apparatus of the invention can be used as a heat source that can be used as a source of energy for electrical generator, for example, or can be used to heat farm buildings or domestic buildings as appropriate.
  • FIG. 2 shows the operating steps for the apparatus.
  • Organic waste material such as pig effluent
  • This excess fluid can be collected for further treatment as the fluid itself may contain useful material.
  • the remaining pressed fibres and material which contain nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia, are then heated to a temperature that is sufficient to cause vaporization of ammonia from the moisture contained in the organic faction, the boiling point of ammonia being -33.34 °C (or 240 K).
  • the removal of ammonia from moisture is controlled by temperature and pressure. If a simple turbine is driven by the steam coming from a second, water chamber it could be used to create a partial vacuum in the ammonia extraction chamber, increasing the efficiency. Ammonia "sucked" out of the chamber is then blown into the flu gas.
  • An advantageous effect of heating the fibres and waste material to distil the ammonia is that it reduces the amount of energy required to burn it, thus allowing more energy to be generated through burning it. Also, burning the waste material removes a significant amount of phosphorus from the total amount of organics that the farmer has to account for in otherwise untreated organic waste slurry.
  • the ashes resulting from the burnt fibers also contain potassium which, when the ashes are spread on farm land, reduces the cost of lime that is otherwise typically required by farmers to raise the pH of the soil being fertilized.
  • the ashes from the farmer are free from contamination from other waste streams.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that since the flue gases are scrubbed using ammonia obtained from the waste material to be burnt, there is no need to source ammonia elsewhere.
  • This holistic approach can considerably reduce transport and other costs relating to the ammonia to allow usable heat and power to be generated during the treatment process in a cost-effective way.
  • a further advantage of the above- described process is that, although the bulk of the biomass material is greatly reduced, the phosphorus contained therein is not destroyed but remains present in the burnt ashes, along with the potassium. This high concentration of phosphorus can itself have a commercial value. If the resulting ashes are used as fertilizer, in addition to the benefits of the phosphorus to the soil it is spread on, the potassium contained in the ash will increase the pH of the land on which it is spread and hence reduce the amount of calcium otherwise required to be spread to achieve a desired pH balance needed by the plants.
  • the phosphorus would be made more basic due to the potassium of the pig slurry, thereby reducing the amount of lime a farmer would have to spread.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil pour le traitement d'une matière organique. L'appareil comprend au moins une chambre de préchauffage destinée à recevoir et à chauffer la matière organique, un extracteur de gaz étant fixé à la chambre de préchauffage et destiné à éliminer le gaz dégagé par le chauffage de la matière organique à l'intérieur de la chambre. Au moins une chambre de combustion reçoit une matière organique chauffée dans la chambre de préchauffage et est agencée pour permettre de brûler la matière dans cette chambre. Un conduit de fumée est attaché à la chambre de combustion pour collecter les gaz d'échappement sortant des chambres de combustion et un épurateur est fixé au conduit de fumée et agencé pour éliminer les matières NOx des gaz d'échappement. L'épurateur comprend des moyens pour recevoir les gaz collectés à partir d'au moins une chambre de préchauffage afin d'assister le processus d'épuration.
PCT/EP2012/067472 2011-09-08 2012-09-07 Traitement de matière organique Ceased WO2013034668A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1115502.5 2011-09-08
GBGB1115502.5A GB201115502D0 (en) 2011-09-08 2011-09-08 Treatment of organic material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013034668A1 true WO2013034668A1 (fr) 2013-03-14

Family

ID=44908241

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/067472 Ceased WO2013034668A1 (fr) 2011-09-08 2012-09-07 Traitement de matière organique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB201115502D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013034668A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240409441A1 (en) * 2018-05-03 2024-12-12 Sedron Technologies, LLC System and method for multi-functional slurry processing

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900554A (en) 1973-03-16 1975-08-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for the reduction of the concentration of no in combustion effluents using ammonia
DE2603206A1 (de) * 1976-01-29 1977-08-04 Froeling Siegofa Abfalltech Feuerungseinrichtung mit vorschubrost zum kontinuierlichen verbrennen von infektioesen krankenhausabfaellen, tierkadavern und anderen abfallstoffen
US5558028A (en) * 1995-07-11 1996-09-24 Lin; Wen-Chiang H. Incinerator frame
US20040134395A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-15 Claus Eberhardt Method and apparatus for the treatment and utilization of solid and liquid waste mixtures
DK200800645A (da) 2008-05-07 2009-11-08 Purliq Aps Fremgangsmåde og apparat til behandling af gylle og ajle fra husdyr, samt biologisk spildevand.
WO2010118513A1 (fr) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Proterrgo Inc. Procédé et appareil pour la gazéification de déchets organiques

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900554A (en) 1973-03-16 1975-08-19 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for the reduction of the concentration of no in combustion effluents using ammonia
DE2603206A1 (de) * 1976-01-29 1977-08-04 Froeling Siegofa Abfalltech Feuerungseinrichtung mit vorschubrost zum kontinuierlichen verbrennen von infektioesen krankenhausabfaellen, tierkadavern und anderen abfallstoffen
US5558028A (en) * 1995-07-11 1996-09-24 Lin; Wen-Chiang H. Incinerator frame
US20040134395A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-15 Claus Eberhardt Method and apparatus for the treatment and utilization of solid and liquid waste mixtures
DK200800645A (da) 2008-05-07 2009-11-08 Purliq Aps Fremgangsmåde og apparat til behandling af gylle og ajle fra husdyr, samt biologisk spildevand.
WO2010118513A1 (fr) * 2009-04-17 2010-10-21 Proterrgo Inc. Procédé et appareil pour la gazéification de déchets organiques

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20240409441A1 (en) * 2018-05-03 2024-12-12 Sedron Technologies, LLC System and method for multi-functional slurry processing
US12467687B2 (en) * 2018-05-03 2025-11-11 Sedron Technologies, LLC System and method for multi-functional slurry processing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB201115502D0 (en) 2011-10-26

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