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WO2013034593A2 - Collecteur héliothermique - Google Patents

Collecteur héliothermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013034593A2
WO2013034593A2 PCT/EP2012/067313 EP2012067313W WO2013034593A2 WO 2013034593 A2 WO2013034593 A2 WO 2013034593A2 EP 2012067313 W EP2012067313 W EP 2012067313W WO 2013034593 A2 WO2013034593 A2 WO 2013034593A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collector
solar thermal
thermal collector
sorbent
absorber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/067313
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013034593A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Martin Henning
Patrick Dupeyrat
Tomas Nunez
Stefan Henninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority to EP12775150.1A priority Critical patent/EP2753885A2/fr
Publication of WO2013034593A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013034593A2/fr
Publication of WO2013034593A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013034593A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
    • F24S70/60—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the structure or construction
    • F24S70/65—Combinations of two or more absorbing elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/54—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings using evacuated elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S2080/501—Special shape
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solar thermal collector having a collector housing which is at least partially or completely transparent to radiation in the infrared and / or visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and an absorber arranged in the collector housing for converting sunlight into thermal energy and a heat transfer device for the removal of the usable heat.
  • Solar thermal collectors reach an operating temperature that depends primarily on the impinging solar radiation and the dissipated heat. Typical operating temperatures for indoor applications are 50 to 100 ° C. At these operating temperatures, the collectors should have high efficiencies, ie have the lowest possible heat losses. At high irradiation (eg 800 W / m 2 and ber) and little or no heat dissipation sets an operating point with a very high operating temperature. This temperature can reach today's marketable collectors in Stagnationsf ll - ie in the absence of any heat dissipation - 200 ° C or even significantly higher.
  • a lack of heat dissipation can be done on the one hand, if no heat sink is available, for example because the heat storage is completely loaded, or in case of damage, for example in case of failure of the pump in the solar circuit.
  • Solar thermal collectors and systems must be designed so that they survive this stagnation case without damage. However, this considerably limits the choice of production materials and construction and embodiments. For example, there are narrow limits for the use of low-cost polymer materials, as they survive such high temperatures permanently.
  • a solar thermal collector is provided with a collector housing which is at least partially or completely transparent at least partially for radiation in the infrared and / or visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, and an absorber arranged in the collector housing for converting sunlight into thermal energy and at least a heat transfer device for the removal of the usable heat.
  • the solarthermisehe collector according to the invention is characterized in that within the collector housing at least one working fluid and at least one sorbent for the working fluid are contained, wherein the sorbent and the working fluid are coordinated so that an increase in the temperature of the solar thermal collector to a desorption of the working fluid from the sorbent and a lowering of the temperature of the solar thermal collector to a sorption of the working fluid by the
  • a first variant of the solar thermal collector according to the invention provides that this is a flat collector, which, starting from the collector upper side exposed to the incident radiation towards the collector rear side, has the following structure: a) the coverage that is at least partially or completely transparent to radiation in the infrared and / or visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum;
  • a vacuum insulation panel in particular a vacuum insulation panel, as well as f) a back cover, which limits the solar thermal collector on the opposite side of the transparent cover, wherein the sorbent is integrated in the thermal insulation panel on the absorber side facing the thermal insulation panel as a layer or selectively deposited or wherein the sorbent is integrated in a separate compartment associated with the thermal insulation panel.
  • the solar thermal collector in the space between the at least partially or completely transparent cover for radiation in the infrared and / or visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum and the absorber on a transparent thermal insulation.
  • a further variant according to the invention provides that the solar thermal collector is an evacuated flat collector with a cover which is at least partially or completely transparent for radiation in the infrared and / or visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, the sorbent being present at any desired temperature. ger position in the collector housing is integrated. An advantageous arrangement of the sorbent takes place on the side facing away from the gas space side of the absorber and in close thermal contact with the absorber.
  • the solar thermal collector is an evacuated tube collector, the tube consisting of a material which is at least partially or completely transparent to radiation in the infrared and / or visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in particular glass and / or a polymer material the absorber is disposed inside the tube, the sorbent being disposed at any position in the tube, and when the temperature of the collector is raised, the sorbent releases the working fluid into the interior of the tube.
  • An advantageous attachment of the sorbent takes place on the side facing away from the gas chamber side of the absorber and in close thermal contact with the absorber.
  • the sorbent is an adsorption and / or absorption material.
  • This is preferably selected from the group consisting of zeolites, zeolite-type materials, aluminophosphates, silica aluminophosphates, metal aluminophosphates (MeAPOs), zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ziFs), organometallic framework and network compounds, porous coordination polymers
  • the zeolites are preferably selected from the group consisting of zeolite A, zeolite 4A, zeolite 5A, zeolites X (faujasites), in particular zeolite 13X, zeolites Y, zeolites of the abovementioned groups with balancing cations selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na , Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and / or the rare earth cations, in particular La, and the lanthanides and actinium and the group of actinides.
  • zeolites are preferably selected from the group consisting of zeolite A, zeolite 4A, zeolite 5A, zeolites X (faujasites), in particular zeolite 13X, zeolites Y, zeolites of the abovementioned groups with balancing cations selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na , Rb, Cs
  • the aluminophosphates are preferably selected from the group consisting of AIPO-4, AlPO-1, AlPO-18, AlPO-5, AlPO-11 or mixtures thereof.
  • the metal aluminophosphates are preferably selected from the group consisting of FAPO-5 (iron-AlPO-5), MeAPO-11 or mixtures thereof.
  • the silica aluminophosphates are preferably selected from the group consisting of SAPO-34, SAPO-44, SAPO-18, SAPO-5, SAPO 11, or mixtures thereof.
  • the zeolitic imidazolate framework (zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZiF)) is preferably ZiF-8.
  • the organometallic framework and network compounds or porous coordination polymers are preferably selected from the group consisting of ZMOFs (zeolite-like MOFs), in particular HKUST-1 and / or the group of Materiaux de l 1 Institut Lavoisier (MILs), in particular MIL-53, MIL-100, MIL-110 and / or MIL-101 and the group of materials DUT (Dresden University of Technology) in particular DUT-6 and the group of materials UiO (University of Oslo ), in particular UiO-66 and ISE-1 or mixtures thereof.
  • the working fluid is selected from the group consisting of water, ozone, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, noble gases and gaseous at temperatures above 80 ° C under normal conditions
  • the solar thermal collector has at least one solar cell on the surface of the absorber.
  • the solar cells can be deposited, coated or glued.
  • the e solar thermal collectors according to the invention are used in particular as facade collectors or roof collectors. They can be used to generate hot water and / or warm air. Further possible fields of application are the
  • the collectors for operating thermally driven chillers, preferably sorption-supported chillers can be used.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross section of a solar thermal collector according to the invention is shown with Vakuumisolationspaneel.
  • Fig. A further variant of the invention solar thermal collector is shown as a flat collector with vacuum insulation panel in cross section.
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section of a variant of a solar thermal collector according to the invention as an evacuated flat collector.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further variant of a solar thermal collector as an evacuated flat collector in cross section
  • Fig. 5 shows a variant of a solar thermal collector according to the invention as an evacuated tube collector based on a sectional view.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further variant of a solar thermal collector according to the invention as an evacuated tube collector on the basis of a sectional representation.
  • Fig. 7 shows a variant of a solar thermal collector according to the invention as
  • FIG. 8 shows a further variant of a solar thermal collector according to the invention as a flat collector with a vacuum insulation panel in cross-section, which contains a transparent thermal insulation.
  • 9 shows, by way of a diagram, the characteristic curves of a solar thermal collector according to the invention in comparison to a solar thermal collector known from the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solar thermal flat collector 1 according to the invention, which has an absorber 2 in which heat exchanger tubes 7 are integrated. Furthermore, the flat collector on a transparent cover 3, which by a gas space 4 from the absorber. 2
  • the flat collector further has a vacuum insulation panel 8, in which on the absorber 2 side facing a sorbent 5 is arranged.
  • the flat collector further has a rear cover 9.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds substantially to the embodiment of FIG. 1, but here the sorbent 5 is arranged point by point on the side facing the absorber 2 in the vacuum insulation panel 8.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant according to the invention of an evacuated solar thermal collector 1.
  • the evacuated flat collector 1 has an absorber 2 with integrated heat exchanger tubes 7. At the same time, the collector has a transparent cover 3, which is spaced from the absorber 2 by a gas space 4.
  • the sorbent 5 is arranged on the side of the absorber 2 facing away from the gas space 4.
  • the flat collector 1 also has a back cover 9.
  • FIG. 4 corresponds in the sentlichen the embodiment of FIG. 3, but here the sorbent 5 is selectively arranged on the back of the absorber 2.
  • Fig. 5 a further variant of the invention in the form of an evacuated tube collector 11 is shown as ThomasZeichnung.
  • the collector 1 has a tube wall 16, which includes an absorber 2 and heat exchanger tubes 17.
  • the sorbent 5 is according to this embodiment on the back of the
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of an evacuated tube collector 11 according to the invention.
  • the tube collector 11 has an outer tube wall 16 and an inner tube wall 13. In the area between the inner tube wall 13 and the outer tube wall 16 there is a vacuum. The enclosed by the inner tube wall space, however, is not evacuated.
  • a cylindrical absorber 12 is arranged, are connected to the heat exchanger tubes 17.
  • the sorbent 15 is arranged in the present case in the evacuated region between the inner tube wall 13 and the outer tube wall 16.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further variant according to the invention of a flat collector 1, which represents a development with respect to the flat collector shown in FIG.
  • the flat collector 1 according to FIG. 7 has solar cells 10, which are arranged on the side of the absorber 2 facing the gas space 4.
  • Fig. 8 is another variant of the invention a flat plate 1 with vacuum insulation onspaneel 8 shown, which also represents a development compared to the flat collector of FIG. 1.
  • the flat collector 1 has a transparent heat insulation 11 between the absorber 2 and the transparent cover 3.
  • Fig. 9 the characteristics of a solar thermal collector according to the invention and a solar thermal see collector according to the prior art, which has no switchable thermal insulation shown.
  • the illustration shows the course of the efficiency of a solar thermal collector as a function of the operating temperature.
  • the point of intersection with the ABS zisse shows the maximum operating temperature (Stagna ⁇ tion temperature) that can reach a solar thermal collector, if no useful heat is dissipated and the total generated heat at the absorber in the form of thermal loss is dissipated to the environment.
  • the illustration shows that a conventional solar thermal collector can reach a high stagnation temperature over 200 ° C.
  • a collector according to the invention achieves a significantly lower stagnation temperature, without having a lower efficiency than a conventional solar thermal collector in the range of low operating temperatures.
  • This lowering of the stagnation temperature is achieved by the incorporation according to the invention of a sorbent and a working medium, which lead to a desorption of the working medium at a sufficiently high temperature and thus to an increase in pressure and a corresponding increase in the thermal losses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un collecteur héliothermique comportant un boîtier de collecteur au moins partiellement ou totalement transparent, au moins par endroits, pour les rayonnements dans le domaine infrarouge et/ou visible du spectre électromagnétique, et un absorbeur disposé dans le boîtier de collecteur, destiné à transformer la lumière du soleil en énergie thermique, ainsi qu'un dispositif de transfert thermique pour l'évacuation de chaleur utile.
PCT/EP2012/067313 2011-09-09 2012-09-05 Collecteur héliothermique Ceased WO2013034593A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12775150.1A EP2753885A2 (fr) 2011-09-09 2012-09-05 Collecteur héliothermique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011112974.3 2011-09-09
DE102011112974A DE102011112974B3 (de) 2011-09-09 2011-09-09 Solarthermischer Kollektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013034593A2 true WO2013034593A2 (fr) 2013-03-14
WO2013034593A3 WO2013034593A3 (fr) 2013-05-30

Family

ID=47046525

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/067313 Ceased WO2013034593A2 (fr) 2011-09-09 2012-09-05 Collecteur héliothermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2753885A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011112974B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013034593A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015018399A1 (fr) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Échangeur de chaleur
CN112086522A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-15 浙江大学 一种辐射制冷太阳能电池组件

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103556740B (zh) * 2013-10-13 2016-06-08 许庆华 免烧凹凸棒发泡吸音板
US9480967B2 (en) 2014-02-27 2016-11-01 King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals Metal organic framework adsorbent for solar adsorption refrigeration
CN116784098B (zh) * 2023-08-29 2023-11-07 山西农业大学 一种红枣收获机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004070289A1 (fr) 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 Queen's University At Kingston Procede et appareil pour capteur solaire avec controle de temperatures de stagnation
DE202005007474U1 (de) 2005-05-11 2006-09-21 Bayerisches Zentrum für angewandte Energieforschung e.V. (ZAE Bayern) Leichter Sonnenkollektor mit integriertem Überhitzungsschutz
DE102008038795A1 (de) 2008-08-13 2010-03-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solarkollektor mit Absorber und Überhitzungsschutz

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DE3048018A1 (de) * 1975-12-06 1982-07-15 Erno Raumfahrttechnik Gmbh, 2800 Bremen "verfahren zur begrenzung der absorbertemperatur von solarkollektoren"
DE59606471D1 (de) * 1995-09-07 2001-03-29 Holger Horn Thermischer sonnenkollektor mit röhren
DE19623728A1 (de) * 1996-06-14 1997-12-18 Andreas Gassel Vorrichtung zur thermischen Evakuierung von Sonnenkollektoren
DE19633106C2 (de) * 1996-08-16 2000-12-07 Frank Thalmann Solar-Flachkollektor mit Absorberflüssigkeit
DE19812006A1 (de) * 1998-03-19 1999-09-23 Wilfried Rosendahl Sonnenkollektor-Bausatzsystem
DE10037088C2 (de) * 2000-07-27 2003-11-13 Joerg Ortjohann Folien-Sonnenkollektor mit transparenter Wärmedämmung
DE20320220U1 (de) * 2003-12-29 2004-03-18 Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chutung Solarenergiekollektor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004070289A1 (fr) 2003-02-07 2004-08-19 Queen's University At Kingston Procede et appareil pour capteur solaire avec controle de temperatures de stagnation
DE202005007474U1 (de) 2005-05-11 2006-09-21 Bayerisches Zentrum für angewandte Energieforschung e.V. (ZAE Bayern) Leichter Sonnenkollektor mit integriertem Überhitzungsschutz
DE102008038795A1 (de) 2008-08-13 2010-03-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solarkollektor mit Absorber und Überhitzungsschutz

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP2753885A2

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015018399A1 (fr) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Échangeur de chaleur
CN112086522A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-15 浙江大学 一种辐射制冷太阳能电池组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013034593A3 (fr) 2013-05-30
EP2753885A2 (fr) 2014-07-16
DE102011112974B3 (de) 2013-01-24

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