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WO2013029878A1 - Procédé et dispositif de diagnostic dynamique d'une sonde de gaz d'échappement - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de diagnostic dynamique d'une sonde de gaz d'échappement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013029878A1
WO2013029878A1 PCT/EP2012/064419 EP2012064419W WO2013029878A1 WO 2013029878 A1 WO2013029878 A1 WO 2013029878A1 EP 2012064419 W EP2012064419 W EP 2012064419W WO 2013029878 A1 WO2013029878 A1 WO 2013029878A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
signal
time
value
exhaust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/064419
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Zimmerschied
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of WO2013029878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013029878A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F02D41/1456—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor output signal being linear or quasi-linear with the concentration of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F02D41/1458—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with determination means using an estimation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1493—Details
    • F02D41/1495—Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2454—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control
    • F02D41/2458—Learning of the air-fuel ratio control with an additional dither signal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1423—Identification of model or controller parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
    • F02D2041/1431—Controller structures or design the system including an input-output delay
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D41/1406—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method with use of a optimisation method, e.g. iteration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dynamically diagnosing an exhaust gas probe arranged in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine as part of an exhaust gas monitoring system, wherein the diagnosis based on a comparison of a modeled and a measured signal after a predetermined change in an air-fuel ratio of the air supplied to the internal combustion engine A fuel mixture is performed and wherein the measured signal is an actual value of an output signal of the exhaust gas probe and the modeled signal is a model value, which is derived from the internal combustion engine supplied air-fuel mixture by applying an exhaust model.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method.
  • the air-fuel ratio ⁇ is measured by means of an exhaust gas probe upstream of the exhaust gas purification system.
  • the storage capacity of such an exhaust gas purification system for oxygen is utilized to take up oxygen in lean phases and to release it again in the fat phase. This ensures that oxidizable noxious gas components of the exhaust gas can be converted.
  • One of the exhaust gas purification downstream exhaust probe serves to monitor the oxygen storage capacity of the emission control system. Oxygen storage capability must be monitored as part of on-board diagnostics because it is a measure of the convertibility of the emission control system. To determine the oxygen storage capacity is either the
  • Emission control system initially occupied in a lean phase with oxygen and then emptied in a rich phase with a lambda value known in the exhaust gas, taking into account the exhaust gas passing through or
  • Emission control system initially emptied of oxygen in a fatty phase and then filled in a lean phase with a known lambda value in the exhaust gas, taking into account the exhaust gas passing through.
  • the lean phase is terminated when the exhaust gas probe connected downstream of the exhaust gas purification system detects the oxygen that can no longer be stored by the exhaust gas purification system.
  • a rich phase is terminated when the exhaust gas probe detects the passage of rich exhaust gas.
  • Emission control system corresponds to the amount of reducing agent supplied during the fatty phase for emptying or during the lean phase for replenishment amount of oxygen supplied.
  • the exact quantities are determined from the signal from the upstream exhaust gas probe and from other sensor signals
  • Emission control system is monitored correctly. Et al it is necessary to detect a deterioration of the probe dynamics, which can be manifested by an increased time constant and / or dead time, which can also act only in one direction (fat too lean or lean to fat). It is of an asymmetric
  • the signal is an output signal of the exhaust gas probe or a derived from the output signal modeled or measured signal. It is provided that a first extreme value is determined in the course of the modeled signal and that a first time and a first starting value are determined when the modeled signal deviates by a predetermined amount from the first extreme value, that a second extreme value in the course of the measured Signal is determined. It is further provided that a second time and a second starting value are determined when the measured signal by the predetermined amount of the second
  • Extreme value deviates that a first integral over a predetermined period, starting at the first time, is formed over the difference between the first start value and the modeled signal and that a second integral over a second period, starting at the second time point, on the difference is formed between the second start value and the measured signal that the second period is equal to the predetermined time period or that the end of the second period is determined based on the time of change of the air-fuel ratio or based on the first time and a quantitative comparison value is formed between a quantitative comparison between the first integral and the second integral, from which reference is made to the rise speed and / or the dead time of the exhaust gas probe.
  • This method uses abrupt changes in the air-fuel ratio, by which the dynamics of the exhaust gas probe is evaluated, in addition a directional dependence, i. from fat to lean or from lean to fat,
  • the area is integrated under the lambda signal of the exhaust gas probe and set in relation to an analogously calculated area of a lambda signal modeled in the control unit. If the calculated ratio is smaller than an applicable threshold, the exhaust gas probe no longer meets the required dynamic behavior.
  • asymmetric time constant and / or dead time e.g. a swinging control
  • the measured air-fuel ratio in the control unit by a so-called Symmetri fürsfilter.
  • the non-delayed and / or filtered edge of the signal in the control unit is artificially delayed with an additional dead time and / or filtered with an additional filter, the dead time and / or time constant used being diagnosed
  • asymmetric dead time T + t and / or time constant T + and the direction of the signal (fat too lean or lean to rich) is determined by a filtered derivative of the measured lambda signal.
  • the entire signal (fat too lean and lean to rich) is delayed symmetrically by two dead times and / or two time constants.
  • This additional delay can be taken into account in the controller by adapting the controller while maintaining its structure to the larger dead times and / or time constants or even taking into account the increase in the model order by increasing the regulator order.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the detection of asymmetric dead times and time constants and thus to enable an improved diagnosis. It is a further object of the invention to provide a corresponding device for
  • the object of the invention is achieved by employing a continuously operating method for the detection of asymmetrical dead times or time constants of the exhaust gas probe, in which periodically, e.g. by a
  • Emission control system is. This can be dispensed with the otherwise necessary large jumps in the air-fuel ratio, whereby the increase in fuel consumption and emissions associated with the large jumps is avoided.
  • the strong suggestion of the regulation to swing in the air-fuel ratio is avoided.
  • a further advantage is an increase in robustness, since the evaluation of many small jumps due to statistical averaging effects is less sensitive to disturbances than the evaluation of only one large jump.
  • the method allows a much more accurate adaptation of the control by determining the asymmetric Dead times or time constants.
  • the proposed method fully takes into account the influence of the control, in that the control intervention is the input signal for the online identification. In the case of a dynamically slow exhaust gas probe and the associated oscillation of the control, there is the advantage of a stronger system excitation combined with a faster convergence of the method.
  • a reliable detection of the current direction of the signal change can be determined by means of a filtered time derivative.
  • a preferred variant of the method provides that, by means of a recursive optimization algorithm, the signal change is switched from one data record to another data record and a currently valid data record is optimized and the data record of the other signal change direction is stored at the time of the switchover and its optimization is stopped. This allows an optimal evaluation of the many small jumps in the variation of the air-fuel ratio.
  • a symmetrized measured lambda value is compared with an additionally time-delayed lambda model value and a difference value thereof
  • Lambda value is calculated from the measured actual value of the output signal of the exhaust gas probe by means of a balancing filter, wherein one to be optimized
  • asymmetric dead time T sym is used for balancing as a parameter.
  • the asymmetrical dead time T sym is furthermore used to calculate the signal from a lambda model which calculates with a nominal value for the dead time and the time constant is delayed in addition to a time-delayed lambda model value, with the asymmetric dead time T sym the balancing filter and the value of
  • time-delayed lambda model value can be adjusted equally.
  • the asymmetric time constants of the exhaust gas probe can also be determined with the method variants described above.
  • the method with its method variants described above can preferably be used for a diagnosis of a broadband lambda probe or for the diagnosis of a nitrogen oxide sensor.
  • a lambda actual value is compared for diagnosis with a modeled lambda model value in accordance with the method variants described above.
  • the output value of the nitrogen oxide sensor is evaluated as an actual value, the model value being determined from a modeled NO x value.
  • Emission control system have a catalyst and / or facilities for nitrogen oxide reduction.
  • the object relating to the device is achieved in that a diagnostic unit is provided for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • the functionality of the diagnostic unit can be executed at least partially software-based, which may be provided as a separate unit or as part of a higher-level engine control.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the technical environment in which the
  • Figure 2 is a simplified diagram for detecting asymmetric dead times.
  • FIG. 1 shows diagrammatically an example of an Otto engine, the technical environment in which the method according to the invention for the diagnosis of an exhaust gas probe 15 can be used.
  • An internal combustion engine 10 is air over a
  • Air supply 1 1 supplied and determines their mass with an air mass meter 12.
  • the air mass meter 12 may be designed as a hot-film air mass meter.
  • the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 10 is discharged via an exhaust passage 18, wherein in the flow direction of the exhaust gas behind the internal combustion engine 10 a
  • the exhaust gas purification system 16 usually comprises at least one catalyst.
  • an engine control 14 is provided which supplies fuel to the internal combustion engine 10 via a fuel metering 13 and to the other the signals of the air mass meter 12 and arranged in the exhaust passage 18 exhaust gas probe 15 and disposed in the exhaust gas discharge pipe 18 exhaust gas probe 17th be supplied.
  • the exhaust gas probe 15 determines a lambda actual value of a fuel-air mixture supplied to the internal combustion engine 10. It can be used as a broadband lambda probe or continuous lambda
  • the exhaust gas probe 17 determines the exhaust gas composition after the exhaust gas purification system 16.
  • the exhaust gas probe 17 may be formed as a jump probe or binary probe. For the dynamic diagnosis of the exhaust gas probe 15 is a continuously operating
  • asymmetric time constants For the detection of asymmetric time constants known from the literature methods of online identification are extended in that not only a symmetric time constant for rising and falling signal is identified, but separately identified for rising and falling signal per a time constant becomes.
  • the current direction of the signal is detected by a filtered derivative.
  • a recursive optimization algorithm switches from one data record to the other and optimizes only the currently valid data record.
  • the record of the other signal direction is stored at the time of switching and stopped its optimization.
  • the data sets contain the time constant to be optimized as well as further parameters of the optimization.
  • the simplified diagram shown in Figure 2 20 is used, which converts a value of a lambda measurement 21 by means of a balancing filter 23 in a symmetrized measured lambda value 24 (A Sym ) and this with a time-delayed lambda model value 26 (AModeii2) compares which of a value of a lambda model 22 by means of
  • a difference value 28 of these two signals which was formed by means of a subtracter 27 from the symmetrized measured lambda value 24 (A Sym ) and the time-delayed lambda model value 26 (AMode 2), is interpreted as an error which is minimized with the aid of continuously running recursive optimization methods.
  • T sym the parameter to be optimized.
  • the dead time T sym necessary for the symmetrization is not known but the parameter to be optimized.
  • the dead time T sym to be optimized is further used to additionally delay the modeled air-fuel ratio A mod eii (lambda model 22), calculated with nominal deadtime and time constant, followed by the time-delayed lambda model value 26 (A Mo deii2) ,
  • the aim of the optimization is therefore that the initially asymmetrically delayed measured air-fuel ratio with the balancing filter 23 with the
  • optimization method minimizes for the difference 28 (error) of A Sym and AMo d eii by equally adjusting the dead time T sym in the balancing filter 23 and the additional dead time of the A model value.
  • the same procedure can also be used for asymmetric time constants.
  • an adjustment of the gain K may be necessary.
  • Diagnosis function be implemented as software in a diagnostic unit or in a superordinate engine controller 14.
  • the diagnostic unit or the motor controller 14 has corresponding devices for carrying out the method described above. These may be implemented entirely or partially software based.
  • the previously proposed diagnostic method and its variants can also be applied to other processes with similar control characteristics and sensors with similar dynamic behavior.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de diagnostic dynamique d'une sonde de gaz d'échappement agencée dans un conduit de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne en tant qu'élément d'un système de surveillance des gaz d'échappement. Le diagnostic est effectué sur la base d'une comparaison entre un signal modélisé et un signal mesuré après une modification prescrite du rapport air-carburant d'un mélange air-carburant amené au moteur à combustion interne, le signal mesuré étant une valeur effective d'un signal de sortie de la sonde de gaz d'échappement et le signal modélisé étant un signal modèle qui est dérivé du mélange air-carburant amené au moteur à combustion interne en appliquant un modèle de gaz d'échappement. Selon l'invention, l'identification de temps morts ou de constantes de temps asymétriques de la sonde de gaz d'échappement est effectuée en utilisant un procédé qui consiste à modifier périodiquement par de légers changements soudains la quantité de mélange air-carburant injectée et à identifier séparément un temps mort ou une constante de temps respectifs pour chaque hausse ou chaque baisse du signal. Ce procédé et un dispositif permettant la mise en œuvre de ce dernier permettent d'éviter des oscillations du système qui risquent de se produire sous l'effet d'une excitation accompagnée d'à-coups importants.
PCT/EP2012/064419 2011-08-31 2012-07-23 Procédé et dispositif de diagnostic dynamique d'une sonde de gaz d'échappement Ceased WO2013029878A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110081894 DE102011081894A1 (de) 2011-08-31 2011-08-31 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dynamik-Diagnose einer Abgassonde
DE102011081894.4 2011-08-31

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013029878A1 true WO2013029878A1 (fr) 2013-03-07

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WO (1) WO2013029878A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015004194U1 (de) * 2015-06-11 2016-09-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Computerprogramm zum Betrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors
US9704306B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2017-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for dynamic monitoring of gas sensors

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017207407A1 (de) 2017-05-03 2018-11-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Steuereinrichtung zur Regelung des Füllstandes eines Katalysators

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090182490A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-07-16 Denso Corporation Exhaust gas oxygen sensor monitoring
DE102008042549A1 (de) 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose einer Abgassonde
US20100211290A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Abnormality diagnostic device and abnormality diagnostic method for multicylinder internal combustion engine
US20100242569A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Approach for determining exhaust gas sensor degradation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090182490A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-07-16 Denso Corporation Exhaust gas oxygen sensor monitoring
DE102008042549A1 (de) 2008-10-01 2010-04-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Diagnose einer Abgassonde
US20100211290A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Abnormality diagnostic device and abnormality diagnostic method for multicylinder internal combustion engine
US20100242569A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-09-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Approach for determining exhaust gas sensor degradation

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9704306B2 (en) 2012-02-07 2017-07-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for dynamic monitoring of gas sensors
DE202015004194U1 (de) * 2015-06-11 2016-09-13 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Computerprogramm zum Betrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors
CN106246378A (zh) * 2015-06-11 2016-12-21 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于操作内燃发动机的计算机程序
US10302036B2 (en) 2015-06-11 2019-05-28 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Computer program for operating an internal combustion engine

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