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WO2013028856A2 - Systèmes et procédés de réduction de la température corporelle - Google Patents

Systèmes et procédés de réduction de la température corporelle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013028856A2
WO2013028856A2 PCT/US2012/052055 US2012052055W WO2013028856A2 WO 2013028856 A2 WO2013028856 A2 WO 2013028856A2 US 2012052055 W US2012052055 W US 2012052055W WO 2013028856 A2 WO2013028856 A2 WO 2013028856A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
intubation
patient
tube
heat exchanger
lumen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/052055
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2013028856A3 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Grant ERICSON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynasil Biomedical Corp
Original Assignee
Dynasil Biomedical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynasil Biomedical Corp filed Critical Dynasil Biomedical Corp
Priority to US14/240,021 priority Critical patent/US20140343640A1/en
Publication of WO2013028856A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013028856A2/fr
Publication of WO2013028856A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013028856A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/10—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags
    • A61F7/106—Cooling bags, e.g. ice-bags self-cooling, e.g. using a chemical reaction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F7/12—Devices for heating or cooling internal body cavities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0054—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with a closed fluid circuit, e.g. hot water
    • A61F2007/0056—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with a closed fluid circuit, e.g. hot water for cooling
    • A61F2007/0057—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with a closed fluid circuit, e.g. hot water for cooling of gas, e.g. air or carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F7/00—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body
    • A61F2007/0059—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit
    • A61F2007/006—Heating or cooling appliances for medical or therapeutic treatment of the human body with an open fluid circuit of gas

Definitions

  • a variety of methods for lowering body temperature and inducing hypothermia are known in the art.
  • Known methods include, for example, applying cold cloth or sponges to the body, applying ice packs to the body, submerging the body in cold fluid, and transporting a cooled gas mixture including helium to the lungs of the patient.
  • a system for lowering the core body temperature of a patient comprises a heat exchanger comprising an intubation gas inlet fluidically connected to a source of intubation gas, and an intubation gas outlet constructed and arranged to deliver intubation gas to the patient.
  • the system further comprises, in some embodiments, an intubation tube comprising an inlet end connected to the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger and an outlet end constructed and arranged to eject intubation gas into the airway of the patient.
  • the heat exchanger is constructed and arranged to cool the intubation gas, and the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger is positioned within 5 meters of the outlet end of the intubation tube.
  • a system comprising a heat exchanger comprising an intubation gas inlet fluidically connected to a source of intubation gas, and an intubation gas outlet constructed and arranged to deliver intubation gas to the patient.
  • the system comprises an intubation tube comprising an inlet end connected to the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger and an outlet end constructed and arranged to eject intubation gas into the airway of the patient.
  • the heat exchanger is constructed and arranged to cool the intubation gas
  • the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger is positioned within 5 meters of the outlet end of the intubation tube
  • the system is configured for use in a method of lowering the core body temperature of a patient.
  • a method of lowering the core body temperature of a patient comprises positioning a heat exchanger within 30 cm of the mouth of the patient; and transporting an intubation gas through the heat exchanger such that the intubation gas is cooled, and at least a portion of the cooled intubation gas is transported to the lungs of the patient.
  • the method comprises, in some embodiments, transporting an intubation gas through a first lumen of an intubation tube and into the patient's lungs; transporting a liquid through a second lumen of the intubation tube; and atomizing the liquid at or near outlet discharge end of the second lumen such that liquid droplets are injected into the airway of the patient's lungs.
  • an intubation tube comprises a first lumen; a second lumen; and an atomizer located at or near a discharge end of the second lumen, wherein the discharge end is configured to be inserted into an airway of a patient during use.
  • the intubation tube comprises a first lumen; a second lumen; and a sensor integrated with the intubation tube and constructed and arranged to measure at least one of a temperature and a pressure at at least one location along the length of the intubation tube, wherein the intubation tube comprises a discharge end that is configured to be inserted into an airway of a patient during use.
  • the intubation tube comprises, in some embodiments, a first lumen containing and transporting a gas during use; and a second lumen containing and transporting a liquid during use, wherein a discharge end of the intubation tube is configured to be inserted into an airway of a patient during use.
  • the intubation tube comprises a first lumen constructed and arranged to transport a first fluid; a second lumen constructed and arranged to transport a second fluid; and a third lumen constructed and arranged to transport a third fluid, wherein a discharge end of the intubation tube is configured to be inserted into an airway of a patient during use.
  • a liquid with a boiling point of less than about 37 °C for use in a method of lowering the core body temperature of a patient is provided.
  • the method comprises transporting the liquid with a boiling point of less than about 37 °C to the lungs of the patient.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic illustration of a system for lowering the core body temperature of patient, according to some embodiments
  • FIGS. 2A-2E are, according to certain embodiments, exemplary schematic illustrations of intubation tubes used to deliver fluid to a patient.
  • FIGS. 3A-3B are exemplary schematic illustrations of a heat exchanger used to cool an intubation gas, according to some embodiments.
  • the core body temperature of a patient can be lowered by using a heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger may be configured to transfer heat from an intubation gas to a coolant fluid prior to delivering the intubation gas to the patient (e.g., to the patient's lungs).
  • the heat exchanger may be configured to cool the intubation gas without the use of a coolant fluid (e.g., a solid-block heat exchanger, a Peltier cooler, etc.).
  • the heat exchanger may be constructed and arranged such that it is located relatively closely to the entrance of the exit opening of the intubation tube used to deliver the intubation gas to the patient, which can ensure that the intubation gas is not excessively re-heated prior to entering the patient's body.
  • the intubation tube used to deliver cooled intubation gas to the patient can include one or more features facilitating patient cooling.
  • the intubation tube may in certain embodiments include multiple lumens.
  • one of the lumens can be used to deliver the intubation gas, while another lumen can be used to deliver a liquid such as a refrigerant.
  • a sensor can be integrated with the intubation tube, which can be used, for example, to determine a property of the fluid (e.g., temperature and/or pressure) while the fluid is in the patient's body.
  • the intubation tube can include an atomizer that can be used to atomize a fluid (e.g., a refrigerant) exiting the intubation tube.
  • the inventive system may be configured so that a heat exchanger can be located relatively close to the patient's body and/or the exit opening of the conduit used to deliver the intubation fluid to the patient's lungs, thereby reducing the amount of heat that re-enters the intubation fluid prior to delivery to the patient's body.
  • Typical conventional intubation tubes generally include a first, single-lumen conduit for intubation gas delivery and a second, separate single-lumen conduit for transporting a gas to inflate a pilot balloon used to seal the lungs from the esophagus and stomach.
  • a single conduit intubation tube comprising multiple lumens is provided. In certain embodiments, at least two of the lumens are configured to deliver fluid to a patient's lungs.
  • At least one lumen of the intubation tube is not configured to deliver a fluid to the patient, but rather is configured to transport a gas to inflate a pilot balloon used to seal the lungs from the esophagus and stomach.
  • the multi-lumen intubation tube may be configured to simultaneously deliver multiple fluids via separate lumens within the single conduit to the lungs of a patient. Delivering multiple fluids to the patient via separate lumens can, for example, allow one to simultaneously deliver an intubation gas and a cooling liquid without having to mix the two phases within the intubation tube.
  • the multi-lumen intubation tube can also be configured to include a sensor(s) used to determine a property(ies) of a fluid within the intubation tube, for example during use.
  • a sensor(s) used to determine a property(ies) of a fluid within the intubation tube, for example during use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a system 100 for lowering the core body temperature of patient 122, according to some embodiments.
  • System 100 includes heat exchanger 110 comprising an intubation gas inlet 112 fluidically connected to a source 114 of intubation gas.
  • heat exchanger 110 includes a coolant fluid inlet 116 fluidically connected to a source 118 of coolant fluid.
  • Heat exchanger 110 can be configured to transfer heat from the intubation gas to the coolant fluid, thereby cooling the intubation gas.
  • the heat exchanger can be configured such that, once the intubation gas has been cooled, the intubation gas is delivered to the patient (e.g., via an intubation tube).
  • heat exchanger 110 includes an intubation gas outlet 120 fluidically connected to inlet 126 of intubation tube 124.
  • the intubation tube comprises an endotracheal tube.
  • the endotracheal tube can be configured to be inserted into the trachea of the patient, and the outlet end of the endotracheal tube can be configured to be positioned within the trachea of the patient during delivery of the intubation gas (and/or a liquid such as a refrigerant, as described in more detail below).
  • intubation tube 124 is configured such that outlet end 128 of intubation tube 124 ejects intubation gas into trachea and eventually the lungs of patient 122.
  • intubation tube 124 can further comprise a balloon or other flexible material that can be inflated to seal one cavity or passageway within a patient (e.g., the lungs) from other cavities or passageways within the patient (e.g., the esophagus, the stomach, and the like).
  • the heat exchanger may be configured such that, once the intubation gas has been cooled, the coolant fluid is transported out of the heat exchanger.
  • the coolant fluid may be contained under essentially non-flow conditions, for example as in a cooled fluid bath.
  • the heat absorbing media may be in solid form, such as an ice block or cooled graphite block, metal block, solid component of a Peltier cooler, etc.
  • heat exchanger 110 includes a coolant fluid outlet 130 from which the coolant fluid used to cool the intubation gas in the heat exchanger is expelled.
  • the coolant fluid after the coolant fluid is transported out of the heat exchanger, it can be transported through conduit 138, purified and/or re-cooled, and transported back to source 118 for further use in system 100.
  • the coolant fluid can be directly vented after use in heat exchanger 110.
  • intubation tube 124 in addition to the intubation gas, intubation tube 124 can be configured to deliver a liquid.
  • intubation tube 124 can be configured to transport a liquid, such as a therapeutic liquid, or, in certain embodiments a refrigerant that can be vaporized within the patient to provide an additional cooling load.
  • liquid source 144 is fluidically connected to intubation tube 124. Liquid from liquid source 144 can be transported through intubation tube 124 and delivered to the lungs via a lumen within intubation tube 124.
  • the lumen within intubation tube 124 that is used to deliver the liquid can be isolated from the lumen in intubation tube 124 used to deliver the intubation gas.
  • At least a portion of the liquid transported through the intubation tube may be atomized, in certain embodiments, prior to/upon being delivered to the patient.
  • one or more atomizers positioned at or near the outlet end 128 of intubation tube 124 can be configured to atomize the liquid as it is ejected from the intubation tube.
  • the atomizers can comprise nozzles comprising 100 micrometer openings configured to produce liquid droplets (e.g., perfluorocarbon droplets) between 1 micrometer and 5 micrometers in diameter.
  • the liquid from liquid source 144 is illustrated as being delivered directly to intubation tube 124 in FIG. 1, in other embodiments, the liquid from liquid source 144 can be transported through and cooled within a heat exchanger (e.g., heat exchanger 110 and/or another heat exchanger) prior to being transported to intubation tube 124.
  • heat exchanger 110 can comprise a separate liquid inlet and a separate liquid outlet for the liquid to be delivered to the patient.
  • the liquid can be transported through heat exchanger 110 via a separate conduit which can, for example, be surrounded by second conduit 134 of heat exchanger 110.
  • the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger can be positioned relatively close to the outlet end of the intubation tube.
  • intubation gas outlet 120 of heat exchanger 110 can be positioned relatively close to outlet end 128 of intubation tube 124. Positioning the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger relatively close to the outlet end of the intubation tube can advantageously ensure that the intubation gas is not excessively reheated prior to being administered to the patient. In some embodiments, the intubation gas outlet of the heat exchanger is positioned within 5 meters, within 1 meter, within 50 centimeters, or within 20 centimeters of the outlet end of the intubation tube.
  • the heat exchanger used to cool the intubation gas can be positioned a short distance from the mouth of the patient.
  • heat exchanger 110 can be configured to be positioned a relatively short distance from the mouth of patient 122.
  • Positioning the heat exchanger used to cool the intubation gas relatively closely to the mouth of the patient can advantageously ensure that the intubation gas is not excessively reheated prior to being delivered to the patient.
  • the heat exchanger can be positioned within 30 centimeters, within 20 centimeters, within 10 centimeters, or within 5 centimeters of the mouth of the patient.
  • At least one of the temperature and the pressure of a fluid (e.g., the intubation gas, a refrigerant liquid, etc.) within the intubation tube can be measured, for example, prior to or as fluid is delivered to the patient. Measurement of a temperature or pressure can be achieved using, for example, one or more sensors integrated with the intubation tube, as described in more detail below. The ability to measure the temperature or pressure of a fluid being delivered to a patient can allow one to adjust upstream system parameters as necessary to provide an effective cooling load to the patient. In certain embodiments, both a temperature and pressure are able to be measured by the sensor(s).
  • a fluid e.g., the intubation gas, a refrigerant liquid, etc.
  • Intubation tube 124 can include one or more inventive features.
  • the intubation tube comprises a first lumen configured for transporting the intubation gas and a second lumen (which can be fluidically isolated from the first lumen along the length of the intubation tube) configured for transporting a liquid (e.g., a refrigerant or therapeutic agent containing liquid).
  • the intubation tube can include one or more lumens for housing sensors such as temperature sensors or pressure sensors.
  • the intubation tube can include a lumen for transporting a fluid used to inflate a pilot balloon, which can be used to seal one cavity or passageway in the patient (e.g., the lungs) from another cavity or passageway in the patient (e.g., the esophagus, the stomach, etc.).
  • FIGS. 2A-2B are schematic illustrations of an exemplary intubation tube 124, which can be used in association with certain embodiments.
  • FIG. 2A shows the entire length of intubation tube 124
  • FIG. 2B is a close-up view of outlet end 128 of intubation tube 124.
  • intubation tube 124 includes first lumen 210 which can be configured to transport, for example, an intubation gas such as intubation gas from source 114 in FIG. 1.
  • intubation tube 124 includes second lumen 212, which can be configured, for example, to transport a liquid such as a refrigerant (e.g., a liquid from source 144 in FIG. 1).
  • intubation tube 124 can include one or more additional lumens for transporting a liquid.
  • intubation tube 124 includes three additional lumens (212B, 212C, and 212D) which are configured to transport a liquid such as a refrigerant.
  • intubation tube 124 includes only a single lumen for transporting a liquid.
  • first lumen 210 is configured as a first elongated orifice within tube body 214
  • second lumen 212 is configured as a second elongated orifice within tube body 214.
  • first lumen 210 is configured as an elongated orifice within a first tube body 214
  • second lumen 212 is configured as an elongated orifice within a second tube body 216 associated with the first tube body.
  • first tube body 214 is in contact with second tube body 216.
  • First and second tube bodies 214 and 216 in FIGS. 2C-2D can be formed as separate tube bodies and subsequently joined, or they can be formed as a single unitary joined body.
  • intubation tube 124 can optionally comprise a third lumen 218.
  • third lumen 218 is configured as a third elongated orifice within tube body 214.
  • Third lumen 218 can be configured to house, for example, a sensor(s).
  • the sensor(s) can be configured to measure at least one of a temperature and a pressure, for example, of a fluid within intubation tube 124.
  • the sensor(s) can be positioned within the intubation tube such that the sensor is within the patient during use of the intubation tube, which can allow, for example, one to measure a temperature and pressure of a fluid in the intubation tube during use.
  • the sensor within lumen 218 can comprise a thermocouple configured to measure a temperature of a fluid within intubation tube 124.
  • temperature sensors that can be positioned within third lumen 218 include, but are not limited to, resistive temperature sensors, infrared sensors, bimetallic devices, change of state sensors, and the like.
  • pressure sensors that can be positioned within third lumen 218 include, for example, piezoresistive strain gauges, capacity pressure sensors, electromagnetic pressure sensors, piezoelectric pressure sensors, optical pressure sensors, potentiometric pressure sensors, resonant pressure sensors, thermal pressure sensors, and the like.
  • electrochemical sensors e.g., pH sensors
  • fiber optic sensors e.g., fiber optic sensors
  • glucose sensors can be positioned within a lumen of the intubation tube. While a single lumen for housing a sensor is illustrated in FIGS. 2A-2B, in other embodiments, one or more additional lumens can be incorporated into the intubation tube, which can allow for the simultaneous placement of multiple sensors (e.g., multiple temperature sensors, multiple pressure, and or a combination of one or more temperature sensors and one or more pressure sensors).
  • multiple sensors e.g., multiple temperature sensors, multiple pressure, and or a combination of one or more temperature sensors and one or more pressure sensors.
  • intubation tube 124 comprises fourth lumen 220.
  • Fourth lumen 220 can be configured to transport a gas for inflating a balloon or other flexible member (e.g., 222 in FIGS. 2A, 2C, and 2E) for sealing a first cavity or passageway in the patient (e.g., the lungs) from another cavity or passageway in the patient (e.g., the stomach, esophagus, etc.).
  • balloon 222 can be integrated with intubation tube 124 to seal the lungs of the patient from other openings within the body.
  • Balloon 222 can be inflated by a gas or other suitable fluid that is transported through fourth lumen 220 into intubation tube 124.
  • An atomizer can be located near the outlet end of intubation tube 124, in some embodiments.
  • the atomizer can be positioned relatively closely to the discharge end of a lumen (e.g., second lumen 212) used to transport a liquid (e.g., a refrigerant) through the intubation tube.
  • a lumen e.g., second lumen 212
  • an atomizer is positioned within 10 centimeters, within 5 centimeters, within 2 centimeters, within 1 centimeter, within 5 millimeters, within 1 millimeter, or substantially at the end of a lumen (e.g., second lumen 212 in FIGS. 2A-2E) used to transport a liquid (e.g., refrigerant) through the intubation tube.
  • atomizers 224 are positioned at the end of lumens 212 and 212B.
  • the intubation tube can be formed by extruding a material, such as a polymeric material, through a die to produce one or more tubes with multiple lumens.
  • a material such as a polymeric material
  • multiple tubes can be attached (e.g., adhered or bonded).
  • first and second materials can be co- extruded such that the first material occupies the space defined by the material body and the second material occupies the space defined by the lumens. The second material can then be removed from the co-extruded body to form the final intubation tube structure.
  • the intubation tubes described herein can be fabricated, in some embodiments, using hot melt tunneling, by forming a material (e.g., a melted polymer) over pre-positioned sensors or tubes, or any other methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
  • a material e.g., a melted polymer
  • the material body of the intubation tube can be formed using a variety of materials.
  • the material body of the intubation tube comprises one or more polymers (e.g., polyurethane, silicone, poly(vinyl chloride), polypropylene, polyethylene, polyesters, and/or polyamides), metals (e.g., copper, aluminum, and the like), or combinations of two or more of these materials.
  • heat exchanger 110 can assume a variety of
  • heat exchanger 110 comprises a first conduit 132 and a second conduit 134.
  • the first conduit 132 of heat exchanger 110 is disposed within the second conduit 134 of heat exchanger 110, for example in a shell and tube arrangement.
  • multiple conduits are disposed within second conduit 134 in a shell and tube arrangement.
  • second conduit 134 is configured such that it the longitudinal axis of second conduit 134 is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axes of the conduits contained within it (e.g., first conduit 132).
  • FIGS. 3A-3B are schematic illustrations of an exemplary heat exchanger 110, which can be used to transfer heat from an intubation gas (and, in some cases, a liquid such as a refrigerant) to a coolant fluid.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic of a disassembled heat exchanger
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic illustration of the assembled heat exchanger.
  • heat exchanger 110 includes a plurality of inner conduits 132A, 132B, and 132C, each of which is disposed within outer conduit 134A to form a shell and tube heat exchanger.
  • the longitudinal axes of each of inner conduits 132A, 132B, and 132C are substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of outer conduit 134A.
  • the heat exchanger can be configured, in some cases, such that intubation gas is transported through conduits 132A, 132B, and 132C while cooling fluid is transported through outer conduit 134A (e.g., via inlet 310). In other cases, the heat exchanger can be configured such that cooling fluid is transported through conduits 132A, 132B, and 132C while intubation gas is transported through outer conduit 134A. In addition, in some embodiments, the heat exchanger can be configured such that a liquid (e.g., a refrigerant) is transported through at least one of conduits 132A, 132B, 132C, and/or 134A.
  • a liquid e.g., a refrigerant
  • the conduits of the heat exchanger can be formed from a variety of materials.
  • the inner conduits include materials with relatively high thermal conductivities to enhance the rate at which heat is transferred between the coolant fluid and the intubation gas.
  • all or part of the inner conduits can be formed of a metal or metals such as aluminum, copper, steel (e.g. stainless steel), titanium, alloys of these or other metals, and the like.
  • the heat exchanger may comprise a single inner conduit or two inner conduits housed within a single outer conduit. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger may comprise at least 4, at least 5, at least 10, or more inner conduits housed within an outer conduit.
  • Fluid may be transported through heat exchanger 110 according to a variety of configurations.
  • the intubation gas in the coolant fluid can be flowed through heat exchanger 110 in a co-current flow configuration.
  • the coolant fluid and the intubation gas can be transported through the heat exchanger 110 in a counter-current configuration.
  • one or more baffles, fins, or other fluid-directing components may be integrated into one or more conduits within heat exchanger 110 to direct the flow of fluid.
  • the intubation gas delivered to the patient can comprise a variety of components.
  • the intubation gas comprises air or simulated air (i.e., a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen with an oxygen/nitrogen ratio of approximately a 20:80).
  • the intubation gas can be supplemented with helium, while in other embodiments, the intubation gas does not contain supplemental helium.
  • the heat exchanger coolant fluid can also include a variety of components.
  • the heat exchanger coolant fluid can comprise a liquid such as, for example, polyethylene glycol, methanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, ammonia, chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, and hydrofluorocarbons.
  • the heat exchanger coolant fluid can comprise a gas (e.g., helium, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur dioxide, and/or mixtures of these (e.g., air) or a liquefied gas (e.g.
  • liquids may be transported through the intubation tube for delivery to the patient.
  • the liquid delivered to the patient comprises a refrigerant.
  • the liquid has a boiling point of less than about 37°C.
  • the liquid may comprise a perfluorocarbon.
  • suitable perfluorocarbons with boiling points of less than about 37 °C include, but are not limited to, perfluoropropane (C 3 Fg), and perfluorobutane (GjFio), perfluoropentane (C 5 F 12 ).
  • C 3 Fg perfluoropropane
  • GjFio perfluorobutane
  • C 5 F 12 perfluoropentane
  • the use of refrigerants with relatively low boiling points can be advantageous, as the liquids can be delivered to the patient in the form of a liquid and evaporated within, for example, the lungs, where the gasified liquid can be subsequently exhaled.
  • the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant can supply an additional cooling load to the patient.
  • liquids with low boiling points can be transported through the intubation tube and delivered to the patient.
  • liquids with boiling points of greater than about 37°C that can be transported through the intubation tube and delivered to the patient include, but are not limited to, perfluorohexane (C 6 F 14 ) and the like.
  • system 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 has been described primarily for use with a human patient, it should be understood that in other embodiments non-human patients can be used.
  • systems such as those described and outlined in FIG. 1 can be used on animals such as dogs, cats, horses, cows, pigs, and the like.
  • intubation tubes illustrated in FIG. 2A-2E have been described primarily for use in association with the systems and methods for lowering the core body temperature of a patient, as described elsewhere herein, use of the intubation tubes described herein is not so limited, and one of ordinary skill in the art would recognize that the intubation tubes described herein can be used in a variety of other systems and for a variety of other purposes, particularly where it is advantageous to deliver both a gas and a liquid to the airway of a patient and in situations where pressure or temperature monitoring of a fluid delivered to the patient is desired.
  • the articles, systems, and methods described herein can be used in association with a variety of procedures in which it is useful to lower the body temperature of a patient.
  • the articles, systems, and methods described herein can be used to reduce the adverse impacts of reduced oxygen availability during a variety of ischemic events including, but not limited to, cardiac arrest, stroke, traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, neurogenic fever, and neonatal encephalopathy.
  • the articles, systems, and methods described herein can also be used to treat, for example, heat stroke.
  • a reference to "A and/or B,” when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as “comprising” can refer, in one embodiment, to A without B (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B without A (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc.
  • the phrase "at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements.
  • This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase "at least one" refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified.
  • At least one of A and B can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des systèmes et des procédés permettant d'abaisser la température corporelle d'un patient ou d'induire une hypothermie. Dans certains modes de réalisation, la température corporelle centrale d'un patient peut être abaissée au moyen d'un échangeur thermique. Dans certains modes de réalisation, ledit échangeur thermique est conçu pour faciliter le transfert de chaleur entre un gaz d'intubation et un liquide de refroidissement avant l'administration dudit gaz d'intubation au patient (par exemple dans les poumons du patient). Ledit échangeur thermique peut être construit et disposé de manière à être situé relativement près de l'entrée de l'ouverture de sortie du tube d'intubation utilisé pour administrer le gaz d'intubation au patient, garantissant ainsi que le gaz d'intubation ne soit pas excessivement réchauffé avant son entrée dans le corps du patient. Dans certains modes de réalisation, le tube d'intubation utilisé pour administrer le gaz d'intubation refroidi au patient peut comprendre un ou plusieurs éléments facilitant le refroidissement ou la surveillance du patient. Par exemple, le tube d'intubation peut comprendre des lumières multiples. Dans certains modes de réalisation, l'une des lumières peut être utilisée pour administrer le gaz d'intubation, tandis qu'une autre lumière peut être utilisée pour administrer un liquide, tel qu'un frigorigène. Dans certains modes de réalisation, un capteur peut être intégré au tube d'intubation, qui peut être utilisé par exemple pour déterminer une propriété du fluide (par exemple la température et/ou la pression) avant l'administration dans le corps du patient ou pendant que le fluide se trouve dans le corps du patient. Dans certains modes de réalisation, le tube d'intubation peut comprendre un atomiseur qui peut être utilisé pour atomiser un fluide (par exemple un frigorigène) sortant du tube d'intubation.
PCT/US2012/052055 2011-08-23 2012-08-23 Systèmes et procédés de réduction de la température corporelle Ceased WO2013028856A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/240,021 US20140343640A1 (en) 2011-08-23 2012-08-23 Systems and methods for reducing body temperature

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201161526375P 2011-08-23 2011-08-23
US61/526,375 2011-08-23

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WO2013028856A2 true WO2013028856A2 (fr) 2013-02-28
WO2013028856A3 WO2013028856A3 (fr) 2013-04-25

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118743602A (zh) * 2024-07-10 2024-10-08 中国人民解放军总医院海南医院 用于热射病发病人员的快速检测设备
CN118743603A (zh) * 2024-07-10 2024-10-08 中国人民解放军总医院海南医院 基于热射病原理进行人体内腔定位的检测设备及使用方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2929584A1 (de) * 1979-07-21 1981-02-05 Draegerwerk Ag Feuchtigkeitsaustauscher in einrichtungen fuer die atmung
US5896856A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-04-27 Frasier; Robert J. Emergency air cooling device
US7422601B2 (en) * 1999-08-02 2008-09-09 University Of Chicago Office Of Technology Transfer Method for inducing hypothermia
EP1453524A2 (fr) * 2001-12-04 2004-09-08 Minnesota High-Tech Resources, LLC Melanges de gaz respirables permettant de modifier la temperature corporelle
ATE538763T1 (de) * 2004-01-22 2012-01-15 Thermocure Atemsystem zur einleitung von therapeutischer hypothermie

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WO2013028856A3 (fr) 2013-04-25
US20140343640A1 (en) 2014-11-20

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