WO2013027646A1 - Photosensitive resin composition, and photosensitive film, photosensitive laminate, method for forming permanent pattern, and printed substrate using same - Google Patents
Photosensitive resin composition, and photosensitive film, photosensitive laminate, method for forming permanent pattern, and printed substrate using same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013027646A1 WO2013027646A1 PCT/JP2012/070806 JP2012070806W WO2013027646A1 WO 2013027646 A1 WO2013027646 A1 WO 2013027646A1 JP 2012070806 W JP2012070806 W JP 2012070806W WO 2013027646 A1 WO2013027646 A1 WO 2013027646A1
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- acid
- ethylenically unsaturated
- resin composition
- photosensitive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0047—Photosensitive materials characterised by additives for obtaining a metallic or ceramic pattern, e.g. by firing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/0041—Photosensitive materials providing an etching agent upon exposure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/027—Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0384—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable with ethylenic or acetylenic bands in the main chain of the photopolymer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/038—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
- G03F7/0388—Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable with ethylenic or acetylenic bands in the side chains of the photopolymer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition suitably used for solder resist and the like, and a photosensitive film, a photosensitive laminate, a permanent pattern forming method and a printed board using the same.
- a photosensitive film in which a photosensitive layer is formed by applying a silica dispersion composition on a support and drying it has been used.
- a method for forming a permanent pattern such as a solder resist for example, a photosensitive film is laminated on a substrate such as a copper-clad laminate on which a permanent pattern is formed to form a laminate, and the photosensitive layer in the laminate is formed.
- a method of forming a permanent pattern by performing exposure on the substrate, developing the photosensitive layer after the exposure to form a pattern, and then performing a curing process or the like.
- the present invention contains an inorganic filler in a high density, the inorganic filler is excellent in dispersion stability, has good resolution, has less development residue, and has any of insulation, heat resistance, and plating resistance.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive resin composition capable of obtaining an excellent high-performance cured film. Furthermore, this invention makes it a subject to provide the photosensitive laminated body using the said photosensitive resin composition, the permanent pattern formation method, and a printed circuit board.
- a photosensitive resin composition containing at least one acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin, an inorganic filler, an ion scavenger, a radical polymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a thermal crosslinking agent,
- An inorganic compound in which the content of the inorganic filler in the total volume of nonvolatile components of the photosensitive resin composition is 20% by volume or more, and the ion scavenger has at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb as constituent atoms A photosensitive resin composition.
- the ion scavenger is zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, zirconium tellurate, bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth salicylate, bismuth carbonate, antimony pentoxide, three
- the photosensitive resin composition according to ⁇ 1> which is an inorganic compound selected from antimony oxide, phosphorus antimonic acid, zirconium antimonate, and titanium antimonate.
- ⁇ 3> The photosensitive material according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the ion scavenger contains at least one inorganic compound having Zr as a constituent atom and at least one inorganic compound having Bi as a constituent atom.
- Resin composition. ⁇ 4> The photosensitive material according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, which contains a polymer dispersant having a group that interacts with the surface of the inorganic filler and having no ethylenically unsaturated group.
- Resin composition. ⁇ 5> The photosensitive resin composition according to ⁇ 4>, wherein the dispersant is a dispersant having a basic group or an acidic group.
- ⁇ 6> The photosensitive resin composition according to ⁇ 4> or ⁇ 5>, wherein the dispersant has a primary amino group or a secondary amino group.
- ⁇ 7> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 4> to ⁇ 6>, wherein the dispersant has a graft chain.
- ⁇ 8> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 4> to ⁇ 7>, wherein the dispersant has an amine value of 0.65 mmol / g or more.
- ⁇ 9> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 4> to ⁇ 8>, wherein the dispersant has an acid value of 0.1 mmol / g or more.
- ⁇ 10> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 9>, wherein the inorganic filler contains silicon as a constituent atom.
- the inorganic filler contains silicon as a constituent atom.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin.
- R 1 to R 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- X and Y each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —N (R 12 ) —.
- R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —N (R 13 ) —, or an optionally substituted phenylene group.
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or — C ( ⁇ O) — and R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UB), and the fragrance of the general formula (UB) occupies in the resin
- the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 14>, wherein the ratio of the group part is 30% by mass or more.
- X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or — C ( ⁇ O) — and R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- L UE does not contain —NHC ( ⁇ O) O— or —OC ( ⁇ O) NH— in the main chain bond, and has an ethylenically unsaturated group or ethylene as a substituent.
- G1 The photosensitive resin composition as described.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- A represents a divalent organic residue.
- X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or —N (R 12 ) —, and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- U1 The photosensitive resin composition as described.
- L U1 represents a divalent linking group that does not contain an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group.
- a photosensitive laminate comprising a photosensitive layer containing the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 24> on a substrate.
- a method for forming a permanent pattern comprising at least exposing a photosensitive layer formed of the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 24>.
- ⁇ 28> A printed board on which a permanent pattern is formed by the permanent pattern forming method according to ⁇ 27>.
- the inorganic filler can be dispersed stably and at a high density, particularly suitable for solder resists, etc., for reducing development residue, insulating properties, flatness, resolution, heat resistance, and developability and transferability.
- a photosensitive resin composition, a photosensitive film, a photosensitive laminate, a method for forming a permanent pattern, and a printed board that can obtain an excellent high-performance cured film can be provided.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as photosensitive composition or composition) is an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin, inorganic filler, ion scavenger, radical polymerizable monomer, photopolymerization. It is a composition containing at least one initiator and a thermal crosslinking agent.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention may contain a dispersant, an elastomer, and, if necessary, other components.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin of the present invention is an acid-modified resin having at least an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resins include the following resins: Can be mentioned. 1) Polyurethane resin 2) (Meth) acrylic resin 3) Polyether resin 4) Novolac type resin 5) Polyester resin 6) Polyamide resin or Polyimide resin Among these, 3) polyether resin and 4) novolac type resin are epoxy resins It is a resin obtained from The (meth) acrylic resin of 2) is a general term for resins including acrylic resin and methacrylic resin.
- acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resins other than 1) above are collectively referred to as acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resins.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin used in the present invention is an acid-modified resin, and examples of the acid group of the acid include a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, and a phospho group, and a carboxyl group is preferable.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group may be any group, but is preferably a group represented by the following general formulas (1) to (3), and is preferably a group represented by the following general formula (1). Is more preferable. Of the resins 1) to 6), the resins 1) to 4) are preferable, and the resin 1) is particularly preferable.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin will be described in detail.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the acid-modified polyurethane having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain Resins are preferred.
- the side chain is a chain that is connected by substituting from a chain of atoms constituting the main chain of the polyurethane resin with a branched or substituted atom constituting the main chain, and has an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain.
- an ethylenically unsaturated group is contained in such a side chain, or an atom constituting the main chain is directly substituted with an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- a polyurethane resin obtained only by reaction of a diol of HOCH 2 CH ⁇ CHCH 2 OH and OCN (CH 2 ) 6 NCO contains an ethylenically unsaturated group in the main chain.
- the part by which the polymer terminal was sealed by the ethylenically unsaturated group containing compound is not a side chain.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group is a group having an ethylene bond that is consumed in the measurement of bromine value and iodine value, and is not a group showing aromaticity such as benzene.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably a vinyl group which may have a substituent.
- the mass average molecular weight of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the mass average molecular weight is preferably 3,000 to 60,000. More preferably, 4,000 to 50,000, particularly preferably 4,000 to 30,000.
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is used for a photosensitive solder resist, it is excellent in dispersibility of the inorganic filler, excellent in crack resistance and heat resistance, and alkaline in such a mass average molecular weight range. Excellent developability of non-image area by developer. If the mass average molecular weight is too small, a sufficiently low elastic modulus at a high temperature of the cured film may not be obtained.
- the mass average molecular weight is determined by using, for example, a high-speed GPC apparatus (manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd., HLC-802A), a 0.5 mass% THF solution as a sample solution, and the column is TSKgel HZM-M 1 Using a book, inject a 200 ⁇ L sample, elute with the THF solution, measure with a refractive index detector or UV detector (detection wavelength 254 nm) at 25 ° C., and calibrate the mass from the molecular weight distribution curve calibrated with standard polystyrene. Average molecular weight can be determined.
- the acid value of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 20 mgKOH / g to 120 mgKOH / g, and 30 mgKOH / g to 110 mgKOH / g is more preferable, and 35 mgKOH / g to 100 mgKOH / g is particularly preferable. If the acid value is too low, the developability may be insufficient. Conversely, if the acid value is too high, the development speed may be too high, making development control difficult.
- the acid value can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K0070. In addition, when a sample does not melt
- the acid value is the solid content (nonvolatile component) acid value of the resin.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is 0.05 mmol / g to 3.0 mmol / g.
- 0.5 mmol / g to 2.7 mmol / g is more preferable, 0.75 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g is more preferable, and 1.00 mmol / g or more (preferably 1.00 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol) / G) is particularly preferred.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent can be determined, for example, by measuring the bromine number.
- the bromine number can be measured, for example, according to JIS K2605.
- the ethylenically unsaturated equivalent is typically a vinyl group equivalent, and the number of grams of bromine (Br 2 ) added to 100 g of the resin to be measured obtained by the bromine number (gBr 2 / 100 g) is converted to the number of moles of added bromine (Br 2 ) per 1 g of resin.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin preferably has a ratio of aromatic moieties in the polyurethane resin of 30% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass to 60% by mass, It is more preferably 33% by mass to 55% by mass, and particularly preferably 35% by mass to 50% by mass. If the ratio of the aromatic portion in the polyurethane resin is too low, the hardness of the cured film may be lowered.
- aromatic means the conventional concept of aromatics as defined in the literature, particularly Jerry MARCH, MARCH'S Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5th edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2001, page 37 and below. To do.
- the aromatic is preferably a hydrocarbon ring or a hetero ring that exhibits aromaticity, and in the present invention, a hydrocarbon ring is more preferable.
- the mass of the aromatic moiety in the present invention means the total mass of atoms constituting the skeleton of the aromatic ring and hydrogen atoms bonded to the atoms.
- two aromatic rings are —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or —C ( ⁇ O) —. When it is connected, it means the total mass including the mass of this connected part.
- the mass of the aromatic moiety in the case of (A) is such that one benzene ring part has 6 carbon atoms, 3 hydrogen atoms, the connecting part has 2 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and the remaining benzene ring part Are 6 carbon atoms and 3 hydrogen atoms.
- the mass of the aromatic portion is considered to be a portion of 14 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms.
- the mass of the aromatic portion is considered to be the portion of 12 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.
- the aromatic moiety in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin preferably has at least a partial structure represented by the general formula (UB), and among them, R u1 to R u8 are all hydrogen atoms. In which X L1 is —CH 2 — is preferable.
- the content rate of the partial structure represented by the general formula (UB) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is 30% by mass or more, More preferred. More preferably, the partial structure represented by the general formula (UB) is a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UNCO).
- the acid-modified polyurethane resin which has an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain preferable in this invention is demonstrated.
- the acid-modified polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the following general formulas (1) to (3) are added to the side chain. What has at least 1 among the functional groups represented by these is mentioned.
- R 1 to R 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- the monovalent organic group include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, and an arylthio group.
- R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent. Among them, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
- R 2 , R 3 , R 4 to R 8 , R 10 and R 11 have a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, amino group, carboxyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, sulfo group, nitro group, cyano group or substituent.
- An amino group, an arylamino group which may have a substituent, an alkylsulfonyl group which may have a substituent, and an arylsulfonyl group which may have a substituent are preferable, and among them, the radical reactivity is high.
- a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and an aryl group which may have a substituent are more preferable.
- R 9 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent. Among them, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
- X and Y each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or —N (R 12 ) —, and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- R 12 is preferably an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and among them, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an isopropyl group are more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
- Z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —N (R 13 ) —, or an optionally substituted phenylene group.
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- R 13 is preferably an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and among them, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an isopropyl group are more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
- substituent that each of the above groups may have is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the groups mentioned in the above-mentioned monovalent organic groups can be mentioned, and halogen atoms, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, alkylthio groups, arylthio groups Amino group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, acylamino group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, nitro group, and cyano group are preferred.
- R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group from the viewpoint of forming a crosslinked cured film.
- R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms
- R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) are all hydrogen atoms
- a styryl group in which Z in the general formula (3) is a phenylene group are preferable.
- a group in which R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group and R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms, and a group in which all of R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms are more preferable.
- R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group and R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms is particularly preferable.
- X in the general formula (1) is preferably an oxygen atom
- the ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably a methacryloyloxy group or an acryloyloxy group, and most preferably a methacryloyloxy group.
- a method obtained by a polymerization reaction with a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in a diisocyanate compound or a diol compound, (ii) a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane, and a molecule There is a method obtained by reacting an epoxy group with a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- the polyurethane resin obtained by the method (i) is also referred to as polyurethane resin (i)
- the polyurethane resin obtained by the method (ii) is also referred to as polyurethane resin (ii).
- the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain includes both polyurethane resins (i) and (ii).
- the polyurethane resin (i) obtained by the method (i) is preferred.
- the polyurethane resin is synthesized by a reaction of a diisocyanate compound and a diol compound (a compound having at least two hydroxyl groups), and the polyurethane resin (i) is composed of at least one diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula (4): It is a polyurethane resin having as a basic skeleton a structural unit represented by a reaction product of at least one diol compound represented by the following general formula (5).
- X 0 and Y 0 each independently represent a divalent organic residue.
- At least one of the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) and the diol compound represented by the general formula (5) is at least one of the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3). If one is present, a polyurethane resin in which the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) are introduced into the side chain is generated as a reaction product of the diisocyanate compound and the diol compound. The According to such a method, a polyurethane resin in which the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) are introduced into the side chain can be easily used, rather than replacing and introducing a desired side chain after the reaction of the polyurethane resin. Can be manufactured.
- the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- a triisocyanate compound and a monofunctional alcohol having an unsaturated group Or the product obtained by addition-reacting with 1 equivalent of monofunctional amine compounds is mentioned.
- the triisocyanate compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the monofunctional alcohol having an unsaturated group or the monofunctional amine compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, paragraphs of JP-A-2005-250438 And the compounds described in [0037] to [0040].
- the monofunctional compound which has a triisocyanate compound and an unsaturated group A diisocyanate compound obtained by addition reaction of 1 equivalent of an alcohol or a monofunctional amine compound, for example, in the side chain described in paragraphs [0042] to [0049] of JP-A-2005-250438 And compounds having an unsaturated group.
- the polyurethane resin (i) is a diisocyanate compound other than the diisocyanate compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group, from the viewpoint of improving compatibility with other components in the polymerizable composition and improving storage stability. It can also be copolymerized.
- the diisocyanate compound to be copolymerized is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- it is a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula (6).
- L ⁇ 1 > represents the bivalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. If necessary, L 1 may have another functional group that does not react with an isocyanate group, for example, an ester group, a urethane group, an amide group, or a ureido group.
- the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (6) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- An aromatic diisocyanate compound such as diisocyanate; an aliphatic diisocyanate compound such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-me Alicyclic diisocyanate compounds such as lenbis (cyclohexyl iso
- the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) or (6) may be used in combination of different types, but the folding resistance can be improved. At least one of them is preferably an aromatic diisocyanate compound.
- the aromatic diisocyanate compound is preferably a diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, biphenyl type, naphthalene type, phenanthrene type, or anthracene type skeleton, for example, a bisphenol A type or bisphenol F type skeleton.
- a diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol F type skeleton is most preferable. Each of these types of skeletons is represented by the following general formula.
- R a and R b each independently represent a substituent, and the substituent is preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- l 1 and l 2 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- l 1 and l 2 are preferably 0 or 1.
- l 3 represents an integer of 0 to 6.
- l 4 represents an integer of 0 to 8.
- l 3 is preferably from 0 to 2, and l 4 is preferably 0 or 2.
- a plurality of R a and R b may be the same or different from each other.
- the diisocyanate compound is more preferably a combination of an aromatic diisocyanate compound and an aliphatic diisocyanate compound from the viewpoint of suppressing warping after curing and improving folding resistance.
- the aromatic diisocyanate compound is preferably a diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol A-type, bisphenol F-type, biphenyl-type, naphthalene-type, phenanthrene-type, or anthracene-type skeleton, such as a bisphenol A-type or bisphenol F-type skeleton.
- the diisocyanate compound is more preferable.
- aliphatic diisocyanate compound for example, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, and dimer acid diisocyanate are preferable, and hexamethylene diisocyanate and trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate are more preferable.
- the diisocyanate compound is particularly preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (UB1), and the resulting polyurethane resin has a partial structure of the general formula (UNCO).
- X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, — O— or —C ( ⁇ O) —, wherein R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- diol compound represented by the said General formula (5) there is no restriction
- a diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain is used as a raw material for producing the polyurethane resin.
- the method is preferred.
- the diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain may be a commercially available compound such as trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, or a compound such as a halogenated diol compound, a triol compound, or an aminodiol compound.
- a compound produced by a reaction with an unsaturated group-containing compound such as carboxylic acid, acid chloride, isocyanate, alcohol, amine, thiol, or halogenated alkyl compound.
- a compound represented by the following general formula (UE) is preferable, and the polyurethane resin has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UE1). become.
- L UE is a divalent linking group that does not contain —NHC ( ⁇ O) O— or —OC ( ⁇ O) NH— in the main chain bond, Represents a divalent linking group having one ethylenically unsaturated group in the chain.
- L UE preferably does not contain an aromatic ring in the shortest bond chain connecting two hydroxyl groups (HO groups), and may contain —O— and —S— in the shortest bond chain.
- the aliphatic group is more preferably a divalent aliphatic group, and an alkylene group is particularly preferable.
- the number of carbon atoms in the shortest bond chain that connects two hydroxyl groups (HO groups) is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and most preferably 2.
- the divalent linking group in L UE has one ethylenically unsaturated group as a substituent, but in addition to this, it may have a substituent that is not an ethylenically unsaturated group. Includes the monovalent organic groups listed as R 1 to R 11 in the general formulas (1) to (3).
- a group having an ethylenically unsaturated group is a group represented by the general formula (1)
- the main chain of L UE, the ⁇ -position or ⁇ -position, having a hydroxyl group or an acyl group is preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (UE) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-6).
- the compound represented by the following general formula (UE-7) is a preferable compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (UE).
- E 1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group (a divalent organic residue)
- E 2 represents a single bond or 2 other than —CH 2 —.
- A represents a divalent linking group.
- Q represents any group of the general formulas (1) to (3).
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-7) are preferable, and the general formulas (UE- The compound represented by 6) is more preferable.
- the compounds represented by the general formula (UE-6) compounds represented by the following general formula (G) are particularly preferable.
- the compound represented by the general formula (G) has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (G1) in the polyurethane resin.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group
- A represents a divalent organic residue
- X represents an oxygen atom
- R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (G) include compounds described in paragraphs [0064] to [0066] of JP-A-2005-250438, and are preferable in the present invention.
- the effect of suppressing the excessive molecular movement of the polymer main chain caused by the secondary alcohol having a large steric hindrance can be reduced. It is thought that improvement can be achieved.
- the polyurethane resin (i) of the present invention is acid-modified, and the definition of acid modification here indicates that the polymer of the polyurethane resin has an acid group.
- the acid group here is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a carboxyl group and a sulfo group. From the viewpoint of developability, it preferably has a carboxyl group.
- it is preferable to use acid-modified by using a diol compound having a carboxyl group. Examples of the diol compound having a carboxyl group include those represented by the following general formulas (17) to (19).
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent (for example, a cyano group, a nitro group, a halogen atom such as —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, etc.), —CONH 2 , — COOR 16 , —OR 16 , —NHCONHR 16 , —NHCOOR 16 , —NHCOR 16 , —OCONHR 16 (wherein R 16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms) As long as it represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, or an aryloxy group, which may have a group, and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms are preferable.
- L 9 , L 10 and L 11 may be the same or different from each other, and may be a single bond, a substituent (for example, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group).
- a substituent for example, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group.
- it represents a divalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group that may have an alkyl group, and an alkoxy group and a halogen atom are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms are preferable, and an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the diol compound having a carboxyl group represented by the general formulas (17) to (19) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2 2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (3-hydroxypropyl) propionic acid, bis (hydroxymethyl) acetic acid, bis (4- Hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid, 4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentanoic acid, tartaric acid, N, N-dihydroxyethylglycine, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ) -3-carboxy-propionamide and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the diol compound having a carboxyl group is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include compounds described in paragraph [0047] of JP-A-2007-2030.
- the presence of such a carboxyl group can impart properties such as hydrogen bonding and alkali solubility to the polyurethane resin.
- the acid value can be adjusted to the preferred range in the present invention as described above.
- the presence of such a carboxyl group can impart properties such as hydrogen bonding and alkali solubility to the polyurethane resin.
- the acid value can be adjusted to the preferred range in the present invention as described above.
- the compound which ring-opened tetracarboxylic dianhydride with the diol compound other than the diol compound mentioned above can also be used together.
- the compound obtained by ring-opening the tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, paragraph [0095] to JP 2005-250438 A And the compounds described in [0101].
- the polyurethane resin (i) is, for example, a diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain from the viewpoint of improving compatibility with other components in the polymerizable composition and improving storage stability.
- a diol compound other than a diol compound containing a carboxyl group can be copolymerized.
- Such a diol compound is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- a low-molecular diol compound or a polymer diol compound such as a polyether diol compound, a polyester diol compound, a polycarbonate diol compound, Mention may be made of polycarbonate compounds of m-dihydroxybenzene.
- Such a diol compound is represented by the following general formula (U) and, when incorporated as a polyurethane resin, is represented by a partial structure represented by the following general formula (U1).
- L U1 represents a divalent linking group that does not contain an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group.
- L U1 includes, for example, an alkylene group, an arylene group, and a divalent heterocyclic group, and the alkylene group includes —O—, —OCOO—, a phenylene group, and a carbon-carbon double bond in the chain of the alkylene group.
- L U1 in the general formulas (U) and (U1) is — (CH 2 CH 2 O) n U1 CH 2 CH 2 —, — [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O] n U1 —CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) —, — (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n U1 —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, — [(CH 2 ) n U 2 —OC ( ⁇ O) — (CH 2 ) n U 3 —C ( ⁇ O) O] n U 4 —O (CH 2 ) n U 2 — or — [(CH 2 ) n U 5 —OC ( ⁇ O) O] n U 6 — (CH 2 ) n U7- .
- n U1 to n U7 each independently represents a number of 1 or more. n U1 to n U7 are preferably numbers of 1000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, and even more preferably 100 or less.
- the compound represented by the general formula (U) is also preferably a diol compound represented by the following general formulas (III-1) to (III-6).
- the polyether diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include compounds described in paragraphs [0068] to [0076] of JP-A-2005-250438. It is done.
- the polyester diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include paragraphs [0077] to [0079] and paragraphs [0083] to [0085] of JP-A-2005-250438. No. 1-No. 8 and no. 13-No. 18 and the like.
- the polycarbonate diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, in the paragraphs [0080] to [0081] and paragraph [0084] of JP-A-2005-250438, No. 9-No. 12 and the like.
- a diol compound having a substituent that does not react with an isocyanate group can be used in combination.
- the diol compound having a substituent that does not react with the isocyanate group is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, in paragraphs [0087] to [0088] of JP-A-2005-250438 And the compounds described.
- the weight average molecular weight of such a polymer diol compound is preferably 400 to 8,000, more preferably 500 to 5,000, still more preferably 600 to 3,000, and 800 to 2 Is particularly preferred. If the mass average molecular weight is less than 400, sufficient folding resistance may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 8,000, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resulting polyurethane resin will be too low. May deteriorate.
- the mass average molecular weight is determined using, for example, a high-speed GPC apparatus (HLC-802A, manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd.), a 0.5% by mass THF solution as a sample solution, and one column of TSKgel HZM-M. In use, 200 ⁇ L of sample can be injected, eluted with the THF solution, and measured at 25 ° C. with a refractive index detector or UV detector (detection wavelength 254 nm).
- the mass ratio of the partial structure represented by the general formula (U1) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is preferably 10 to 60%, more preferably 20 to 60%, more preferably 25 to It is more preferably 55%, and further preferably 30 to 50%.
- the mass ratio is less than 10%, it may be difficult to suppress warping after curing, and when it exceeds 60%, the sensitivity of photocuring may be excessively lowered and resolution may be deteriorated.
- polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention those having an unsaturated group in the polymer terminal and main chain are also preferably used.
- Polyurethane having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain, or between the photosensitive resin composition and the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain by having an unsaturated group at the polymer terminal and main chain Crosslinking reactivity is improved between the resins, and the strength of the photocured product is increased.
- the unsaturated group has a carbon-carbon double bond from the viewpoint of easy occurrence of a crosslinking reaction.
- a method for introducing an unsaturated group into the polymer terminal there are the following methods. That is, in the step of synthesizing the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain as described above, in the step of treating with the residual isocyanate group at the polymer end and the alcohol or amine, the alcohol having an unsaturated group.
- the alcohol having an unsaturated group Alternatively, amines or the like may be used. Specific examples of such a compound include the same compounds as those exemplified above as the monofunctional alcohol or monofunctional amine compound having an unsaturated group.
- the unsaturated group is preferably introduced into the polymer side chain rather than the polymer terminal from the viewpoint that the introduction amount can be easily controlled and the introduction amount can be increased, and that the crosslinking reaction efficiency is improved.
- the ethylenically unsaturated bond group to be introduced is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. From the viewpoint of forming a crosslinked cured film, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyl group, and a styryl group are preferable, and methacryloyl Group and acryloyl group are more preferable, and methacryloyl group is particularly preferable in terms of both the formability of the crosslinked cured film and the raw storage stability.
- the amount of methacryloyl group introduced is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent is preferably 0.05 mmol / g to 3.0 mmol / g, 0.5 mmol / g to 2.7 mmol / g is more preferable, 0.75 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g is more preferable, and 1.00 mmol / g or more (preferably 1.00 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g) Is particularly preferred.
- a method for introducing an unsaturated group into the main chain there is a method of using a diol compound having an unsaturated group in the main chain direction for the synthesis of a polyurethane resin.
- the diol compound having an unsaturated group in the main chain direction is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- cis-2-butene-1,4-diol, trans-2-butene- Examples include 1,4-diol and polybutadiene diol.
- the acid-modified polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention those having at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain may be used as non-images by an alkaline developer. It is preferably used because it is excellent in developability of part. It has at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain and preferably has 2 or more and 5 or less carboxyl groups, and having two carboxyl groups is excellent in developability and has a fine pattern forming property. Is particularly preferable.
- the polyurethane resin has two main chain ends, but preferably has at least one carboxyl group at one end, and may have at least one carboxyl group at both ends.
- the terminal of the main chain of the polyurethane resin has a structure represented by the following general formula (AD).
- L 100 represents an (n + 1) -valent organic linking chain
- n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 2.
- the organic linking group represented by L 100 is configured to include one or more atoms selected from a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom, specifically, represented by L 100.
- the number of atoms constituting the main skeleton of the organic linking group is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 25, still more preferably 1 to 20, and particularly preferably 1 to 10.
- the “main skeleton of the organic linking group” means an atom or an atomic group used only for linking the main chain of the polyurethane resin and the terminal COOH, and when there are a plurality of linking paths, The atom or atomic group which comprises the path
- the method for introducing at least one carboxyl group at the end of the main chain of the polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- a raw material for producing a polyurethane resin at least one Examples include a method using a carboxylic acid compound having a carboxyl group.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid compound include a monocarboxylic acid compound having one carboxyl group, a dicarboxylic acid compound having two carboxyl groups, a tricarboxylic acid compound having three carboxyl groups, a tetracarboxylic acid compound having four carboxyl groups, and a carboxyl group.
- Examples thereof include pentacarboxylic acid compounds having five groups.
- a dicarboxylic acid compound having two carboxyl groups is particularly preferable in terms of excellent developability and fine pattern formability.
- the carboxylic acid compound is not particularly limited as long as it has at least one carboxyl group, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- a compound represented by the following general formula (ADH) is preferable.
- L 100 and n represent the same meaning as in the general formula (AD).
- Y 100 represents a divalent or higher valent atom.
- L 200 represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent.
- the divalent or more atoms in Y 100 for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom, silicon atom. Among these, a nitrogen atom and a carbon atom are particularly preferable.
- the atom represented by Y 100 being divalent or more means that at least Y 100 has two bonds in which the terminal —COOH is bonded via L 100 and L 200 .
- Y 100 may further have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- Examples of the substituent that can be introduced into Y 100 include a substituent including an atom selected from a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, and a halogen atom.
- a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is preferable, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the alkylene group for L 200 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- substituents that can be introduced into the alkylene group include a halogen atom (—F, —Br, —Cl, —I), an optionally substituted alkyl group, and the like.
- the carboxylic acid compound represented by the general formula (ADH) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include lactic acid, malic acid, hydroxyhexanoic acid, citric acid, and a diol compound. Examples include a reaction product of an acid anhydride. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, malic acid is particularly preferable.
- polyurethane resin (i) used in the present invention include, for example, polymers P-1 to P-31 shown in paragraphs [0293] to [0310] of JP-A-2005-250438. Can be mentioned. Among these, polymers of P-27 and P-28 shown in paragraphs [0308] and [0309] are preferable.
- the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention is prepared by adding the above-mentioned diisocyanate compound and diol compound to an aprotic solvent and adding a known catalyst having an activity corresponding to each reactivity.
- the molar ratio (M a : M b ) of the diisocyanate and diol compound used in the synthesis is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, preferably 1: 1 to 1.2: 1.
- a product having desired physical properties such as molecular weight or viscosity is synthesized in a form in which no isocyanate group remains finally.
- the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention is, in particular, the aforementioned diisocyanate compound and a diol compound, a (meth) acrylate compound having two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and two in the molecule. It is preferably obtained by reacting a carboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group with the above-mentioned polymer diol compound, and in addition, obtained by reacting a compound having one hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group represented by the general formula (ADH). Is preferred.
- the polyurethane resin (ii) is a polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane with a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule.
- the polyurethane resin (ii) is a polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin containing diisocyanate and a carboxyl group-containing diol as essential components and a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule. It is.
- the diol component a low molecular diol having a mass average molecular weight of 300 or less or a low molecular diol having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or more may be added as a copolymer component.
- the polyurethane resin (ii) has excellent dispersibility, crack resistance, and impact resistance with an inorganic filler, so that it has heat resistance, moist heat resistance, adhesion, mechanical properties, and electrical properties. improves.
- a diisocyanate of a divalent aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon which may have a substituent, a COOH group and two carbon atoms via any one of a C atom and an N atom.
- a reaction product comprising a carboxyl group-containing diol having an OH group as an essential component, the reaction product obtained, and a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule via a —COO— bond It may be obtained by reaction.
- polyurethane resin (ii) examples include diisocyanates represented by the following general formula (I) and carboxyl group-containing diols represented by the general formulas (17) to (19) described in the polyurethane resin (i).
- R 1 is a divalent aliphatic which may have a substituent (for example, any of an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, and a halogen atom is preferable) Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group. If necessary, R 1 may have any other functional group that does not react with an isocyanate group, such as an ester group, a urethane group, an amide group, or a ureido group.
- R 7 to R 11 each independently represents a divalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- R 7 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and an alkylene group or carbon having 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- R 8 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is More preferred.
- R 7 to R 11 other functional groups that do not react with isocyanate groups, such as ether groups, carbonyl groups, ester groups, cyano groups, olefin groups, urethane groups, amide groups, ureido groups, halogen atoms, etc. There may be.
- R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a cyano group or a halogen atom.
- a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, a cyano group, or a halogen atom is preferable.
- An alkyl group having 6 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are more preferable.
- R 12 may contain other functional groups that do not react with isocyanate groups, such as alkoxy groups, carbonyl groups, olefin groups, ester groups, or halogen atoms.
- m represents an integer of 2 to 4.
- R 13 represents an aryl group or a cyano group, preferably an aryl group or a cyano group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n 1 , n 2 , n 3 , n 4 , n 5 , n 7 , n 8 and n 9 each represents a number of 2 or more. A number between 2 and 100 is preferred.
- n 6 represents 0 or a number of 2 or more, preferably 0 or a number of 2 to 100.
- R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 15 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 16 represents a carbon atom having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a hydrogen group.
- p represents 0 or a number from 1 to 10.
- a partial structure in which X, Y, or Z is connected to the polyurethane main chain has —CO 2 — ( ⁇ -position or ⁇ -position).
- the partial structures of the general formulas (1) to (3) exist on the (*) side.
- the polyurethane resin (ii) may further be copolymerized with a carboxyl group-free low molecular weight diol as a fifth component.
- the low molecular weight diol compound include those represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III): III-6) having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or less.
- the carboxyl group-free low molecular weight diol can be added as long as the alkali solubility is not lowered and the elastic modulus of the cured film can be kept sufficiently low.
- Examples of the low molecular weight diol compound include the compounds described in paragraph [0048] of JP-A-2007-2030.
- polyurethane resin (ii) in particular, a diisocyanate represented by the above general formula (I) and at least one selected from carboxyl group-containing diols represented by the above general formulas (17) to (19) are used.
- a diisocyanate represented by the above general formula (I) and at least one selected from carboxyl group-containing diols represented by the above general formulas (17) to (19) are used.
- the reaction product of the general formulas (III-1) to (III-6) with the low molecular weight diol containing no carboxyl group having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or less is further added to the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16).
- the acid value obtained by reacting a compound having one epoxy group and at least one (meth) acrylic group in the molecule represented by any of the above) is 20 mgKOH / g to 120 mgK
- An alkali-soluble photocrosslinkable polyurethane resin that is OH / g is preferred.
- the general polyurethane resin (i) described above is used instead of or in combination with the compounds represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III-6). It is preferable to use the diol compound represented by the formula (U), and the mass ratio of the partial structure represented by the general formula (U1) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is the above-mentioned polyurethane. The same as in the case of the resin (i). These high molecular compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- polyurethane resin (ii) those having at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain are preferable for obtaining the same effect as the polyurethane resin (i), and are described in the polyurethane resin (i).
- the terminal block method of the polymer main chain and the group represented by the general formula (A) are preferable, and the preferable range is the same as that of the polyurethane resin (i).
- Examples of the polyurethane resin (ii) include epoxy group and vinyl group-containing compounds in polymers U1 to U4 and U6 to U11 shown in paragraphs [0314] to [0315] of JP-A-2007-2030.
- Glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl acrylate (trade name: Cyclomer A400, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries), 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate (trade name: Cyclomer M400, Daicel Chemical Corporation) Polymer) in place of (manufactured).
- the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention comprises an alkali-soluble polymer containing a polyurethane resin having a structure different from that of an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin in addition to an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. It can also be used in combination. For example, together with a polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain, a polyurethane resin containing an aromatic group in the main chain and / or side chain can be used in combination.
- the acid group is preferably a carboxyl group
- the ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an allyl group, a vinyl ether group, or a vinylphenyl group.
- the (meth) acrylic resin containing an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group is a copolymer obtained from a (meth) acrylic acid ester and a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and having at least one acid group.
- a modified copolymer obtained by reacting a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in a molecule with a part of acid groups of a polymer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “copolymer”) ( Hereinafter, it may be referred to as “modified copolymer”), from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester means acrylic acid ester and / or methacrylic acid ester.
- (meth) acrylic acid ester examples include (methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, etc.
- (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters (meth) acrylic having a hydroxyl group such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, caprocactone-modified 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate Acid esters; benzyl (meth) acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, isooctyloxydiethylene glycol (meth) a Relate, phenoxy triethyleneglycol (meth) acrylate, methoxy triethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, etc. (meth) acrylates such as methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate. Among these, benzyl (meth) acrylate is preferable in terms of low water absorption.
- Examples of the compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and having at least one acid group include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinylphenol, and a modified chain that is extended between an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group. Examples thereof include saturated monocarboxylic acid.
- examples of the modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid include ⁇ -carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-acryloyloxyethyl succinic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl phthalic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl hexahydrophthalic acid, and lactone.
- Examples thereof include an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ester bond such as modification, and a modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ether bond. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- copolymerization with (meth) acrylic acid ester and / or (meth) acrylic acid may be further copolymerized with a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- monomers include (meth) acrylic acid amide, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, styrene having a benzene ring substituted with a sulfo group or a carboxyl group, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, ethylene, butadiene, and the like.
- lactone-modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid examples include compounds obtained by lactone modification of (meth) acrylic acid, and compounds represented by the following general formula (AC-1):
- Examples of the lactone-modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid obtained by acid-modifying a hydroxyl group with an acid anhydride include compounds represented by the following general formula (AC-2).
- Examples of the modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ether bond include the following general formulas And a compound represented by the formula (AC-3).
- R AC1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R AC2 and R AC3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- m ac1 ⁇ m ac3 each independently represent an integer of 4 ⁇ 8
- n ac1 ⁇ n ac3 each independently represent an integer of 1-10.
- the plurality of R AC2 and R AC3 may be the same as or different from each other.
- L AC1 is a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.
- a divalent aromatic group preferably a phenylene group
- a divalent heterocyclic group preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring having an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom as a ring atom
- Each group in L AC1 may have a substituent. Examples of these substituents include the organic groups represented by R 1 to R 11 in the above general formulas (1) to (3) or the groups mentioned as the substituents.
- R AC2 and R AC3 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- R AC2 and R AC3 are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group.
- Ethyl group, propyl group or butyl group is preferred.
- the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16) are preferable, and glycidyl (meth) acrylate and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate are preferable. Among these, glycidyl (meth) acrylate is particularly preferable.
- a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule is added to some of the acid groups of the copolymer.
- limiting in particular as said additional amount According to the objective, it can select suitably.
- limiting in particular as a solvent According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the solvent etc. of the paragraph [0020] of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2009-086376 are mentioned.
- the catalyst is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the catalysts described in paragraphs [0021] to [0025] of JP-A-2009-086376.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic resin containing an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group include exemplified compounds described in JP 2010-128275 A and compounds used, and the production method described in the patent publication Or it can manufacture with the manufacturing method according to this.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin is a resin obtained from an epoxy resin as described above, and in terms of chemical structure, the above-mentioned 2) polyether resin and 3) It is a novolac type resin. For convenience, these are referred to as epoxy resins. As long as the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin has an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group, any epoxy resin may be used.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin is preferably a resin having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (EP).
- R A1 and R A2 represent an unsaturated aliphatic group, and the other represents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or an aromatic group having a carboxyl group.
- R EP1 to R EP3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- the partial structure represented by the general formula (EP) is obtained by a reaction of (a) an epoxy resin, (b) an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid, and (c) a polybasic acid anhydride. That is, the unsaturated aliphatic group in the general formula (EP) is a group derived from an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid, and is a group obtained by removing —COOH from this unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid. .
- a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or an aromatic group having a carboxyl group is a group obtained from a polybasic acid anhydride, and is, for example, a group in a square frame described below.
- R 1 ⁇ R 3 has the same meaning as R 1 ⁇ R 3 in the general formula (1), and the preferred range is also the same.
- Examples of the unsaturated aliphatic group include vinyl group, ⁇ -methylvinyl group, ⁇ -methylvinyl group, ⁇ -furfurylvinyl group, ⁇ -styrylvinyl group, ⁇ -phenylvinyl group, ⁇ -cyano- ⁇ -Phenylvinyl group and 1,3-pentadienyl group.
- Examples of the unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid in (b) above include, for example, acrylic acid, dimer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ⁇ -furfurylacrylic acid, ⁇ -styrylacrylic acid, cinnamic acid, Crotonic acid, ⁇ -cyanocinnamic acid, sorbic acid, and the like can be used.
- half-ester compounds unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ethers or unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl esters and saturated or unsaturated group-containing products, which are reaction products of hydroxyl group-containing acrylates and saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydrides
- a half-ester compound which is a reaction product with a dibasic acid anhydride can be used.
- the half ester compound refers to, for example, a compound in which only one of two carboxyl groups is esterified.
- unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acids can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the half ester compound is obtained by reacting a hydroxyl group-containing acrylate, an unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ether or an unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ester, and a saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydride in an equimolar ratio. Can do.
- hydroxyl group-containing acrylate examples include hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol monoacrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, and trimethylol.
- Propane dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexamethacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and the like can be used.
- unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ether or unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ester glycidyl (meth) acrylate or the like can be used.
- examples of the saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or the aromatic group having a carboxyl group in the general formula (EP) include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, Examples include a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, and an aryl group substituted with a carboxyl group.
- examples of the aromatic group having a carboxy group include a phenyl group substituted with a carboxyl group.
- polybasic acid anhydrides include saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydrides such as succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, ethyl Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ethylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, itaconic anhydride and the like can be used.
- dibasic acid anhydrides such as succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, ethyl Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ethylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ita
- R EP1 to R EP3 in the general formula (EP) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and most preferably a hydrogen atom.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin in the present invention is preferably an epoxy resin represented by any one of the following general formulas (P1) to (P3).
- R e1 represents a group represented by the general formula (EP) or an epoxy group.
- R e2 and R e3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R e4 to R e9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.
- n e1 and n e2 each independently represent a number of 1 or more, and n e3 represents 0 or a number of 1 or more.
- R e1 is not entirely an epoxy group in the molecule.
- a plurality of R e1 present in the molecule may be the same or different, and a plurality of R e2 and R e3 present in the molecule may be the same or different.
- each of the plurality of R e4 to R e9 present in the molecule may be the same as or different from each other.
- Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin include epoxy resins described in paragraphs [0107] to [0111] of JP-A-2007-256943, epoxy resins described in JP-A-2006-11395, It can be easily produced by the exemplary methods EPA-1 to EPA-3, the production methods described in these patent publications, or production methods based thereon.
- acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resins include, for example, ZAR-1626H (acid-modified bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate), ZAR-2003H (acid-modified bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate, mass average molecular weight: 13000, acid value: 82 mgKOH / g), ZFR-1158 (acid-modified bisphenol F type epoxy acrylate, mass average molecular weight: 10,000, acid value: 60 mgKOH / g), ZFR-1492H (bisphenol F type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group) Containing epoxy resin), ZCR-1534 (biphenylaralkyl type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin), ZCR-1569H (novolak type acid-modified vinyl group-containing epoxy resin having a biphenyl skeleton), weight average molecular weight: 4,500, Value: 98mgKOH / g),
- CCR-1219H (cresol novolak type epoxy acrylate), PCR-1050 (acid-modified phenol novolak type epoxy acrylate) [manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.]
- EXP-2811 epoxy resin containing tricyclodecane structure (EPICLON HP-) 7200, acid-modified epoxy acrylate containing tricyclodecane structure modified by DIC Corporation, trade name
- EXP-2810 (acid-modified cresol novolac epoxy acrylate) [all of which are manufactured by DIC Corporation]
- PR- 300P-CP cresol novolac type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin) [manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.].
- Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the acid-modified polyester having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain Resins are preferred.
- the side chain is as described above for the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- a carboxyl group is preferable, and as the ethylenically unsaturated group, a functional group represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin described above is included in the side chain. Those having at least one group are exemplified. These ethylenically unsaturated groups are the same as the preferable range in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- the method (iii) for introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain is as follows: (i) a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in the diisocyanate compound or diol compound in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- the method (iv) for introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain described above corresponds to the method obtained by the polymerization reaction with the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group in the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- the saturated group-containing polyester resin is obtained by reacting (ii) a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin with a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule. Corresponding to the method.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is the same as the above-described acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin in terms of —NCO or “isocyanate” in the general formula, such as —CO 2 H, “carboxyl”.
- the preferred range of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is the same as that of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- the polyester resin can be produced not only by a dicarboxyl compound but also by an acid anhydride, an ester, or an acid halide, and can be easily produced by a normal esterification reaction.
- Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin include the polyester resin described in JP-A-2007-128059, particularly the resin (1) described in paragraph [0058]. It can be easily manufactured by a manufacturing method according to the above.
- Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide or polyimide resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the acid group is preferably a carboxyl group
- the ethylenically unsaturated group is at least one of the functional groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- These ethylenically unsaturated groups are the same as the preferable range in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
- Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide resin include those having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (PI-1).
- L PI1 represents a tetravalent organic group
- L PI2 represents a divalent organic group
- one of R PI1 and R PI2 represents a hydroxyl group
- the other represents an ethylenically unsaturated group
- the carbon number of L PI1 is preferably 6 to 32, and the carbon number of L PI2 is preferably 4 to 30.
- the partial structure in the general formula (PI-1) is a partial structure obtained by condensing tetracarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof (anhydride, ester or acid halide) and diamine.
- L PI1 is preferably the following.
- L PI2 is preferably as follows.
- L PI4 is a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, —O—, —S— , —SO 2 —, —C ( ⁇ O) —, —CH ⁇ CH— or —NHC ( ⁇ O) — is represented.
- R PI3 to R PI5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a halogen atom (for example, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom), an alkyl group (for example, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, t-butyl), an alkoxy group (for example, methoxy, ethoxy).
- a halogen atom for example, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom
- an alkyl group for example, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, t-butyl
- an alkoxy group for example, methoxy, ethoxy
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide resin having a partial structure represented by the general formula (PI-1) can be easily produced by a production method described in JP-A-2009-230098 or a production method according thereto. Can be manufactured.
- Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin further include those having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (PI-2).
- a PI1 and A PI2 each independently represent a tetravalent organic group
- B PI1 represents —CO 2 —CONH—R PI3 , —CONH—R PI3 , —NHCONH—R PI3
- it represents a divalent organic group containing —SCONH—R PI3 .
- R PI3 the ethylenically unsaturated group or, -L PI5 -NHCO 2 -R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCO 2 -CO-R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCO-R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCONH- It represents an R PI4 or -L PI5 -NHCO-S-R PI4 .
- L PI5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group, preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and may be substituted with a substituent.
- R PI4 represents a group having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and —C (R 1 ) ⁇ C (R 2 ) (R 3 ) is preferable.
- R 1 to R 3 are synonymous with R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) in the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin, and the preferred range is also the same.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin represented by the general formula (PI-2) are exemplified compounds described in JP-A-2009-167414, particularly the compounds produced in the examples. Is mentioned.
- the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin represented by the general formula (PI-2) can be easily produced by a production method described in JP-A-2009-167414 or a production method according thereto. .
- Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resin include (meth) acrylic resins containing acid groups and ethylenically unsaturated groups, and acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resins (that is, 2 described above).
- the polyether resin of (3) and the novolak type resin of (3) are preferred.
- the preferred molecular weight, acid value and ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resin used in the present invention, and the content in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition are acid-modified ethylene.
- the preferred molecular weight, acid value and ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the photosensitive unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin, and the content in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition are the same.
- Examples of the functional group having an ethylenically unsaturated group include (meth) acryloyl group, (meth) acrylamide group, vinylphenyl group, vinyl ester group, vinyl ether group, allyl ether group, and allyl ester group.
- polyethyleneglycol mono (meth) acrylate polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)
- Monofunctional acrylates and monofunctional methacrylates such as acrylates; polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolethane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, neopentylglycol di (Meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hex (Meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth)
- trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, and dimethyloltricyclodecane di (meth) acrylate Particularly preferred.
- the content of the radical polymerizable monomer in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 3% by mass to 50% by mass, and preferably 5% by mass. % To 40% by mass is more preferable. When the content is less than 3% by mass, the exposure sensitivity is deteriorated. When the content is more than 50% by mass, the tackiness (adhesiveness) of the photosensitive layer may be too strong.
- the thermal crosslinking agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- An epoxy compound for example, an epoxy compound having at least two oxirane groups in one molecule
- the content of the thermal crosslinking agent in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 1% by mass to 50% by mass, and preferably 3% by mass. More preferable is 30% by mass. If the said content is 1 mass% or more, the film
- Examples of the epoxy compound include epoxy compounds described in paragraphs [0071] to [0073] of JP2010-256399A.
- oxetane compound examples include oxetane compounds described in paragraph [0074] of JP2010-256399A.
- polyisocyanate compound examples include the polyisocyanate compounds described in paragraph [0075] of JP2010-256399A.
- Examples of the blocked polyisocyanate compound include the blocked polyisocyanate compound described in paragraph [0076] of JP2010-256399A.
- Examples of the melamine derivative include the melamine derivatives described in paragraph [0077] of JP 2010-256399 A.
- the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to initiate the polymerization of the radical polymerizable monomer, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Those having photosensitivity are preferable, and may be an activator that generates an active radical by causing some action with a photoexcited sensitizer, and is an initiator that initiates cationic polymerization according to the type of monomer. May be.
- Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include (bis) acylphosphine oxide or esters thereof, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, thioxanthone compounds, oxime derivatives, organic peroxides, and thio compounds. Etc.
- oxime derivatives from the viewpoints of the sensitivity and storage stability of the photosensitive layer and the adhesion between the photosensitive layer and the printed wiring board forming substrate, oxime derivatives, (bis) acylphosphine oxide or esters thereof, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone Compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, and thioxanthone compounds are preferred.
- Examples of the (bis) acylphosphine oxide, the acetophenone compound, the benzophenone compound, the benzoin ether compound, the ketal derivative compound, and the thioxanthone compound include, for example, paragraph [0042] of JP-A-2010-256399. Examples thereof include (bis) acylphosphine oxides, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, and thioxanthone compounds.
- a photoinitiator may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass, 0.5% by mass to 20% by mass is more preferable, and 0.5% by mass to 15% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention contains an inorganic filler. Since the inorganic filler can improve the surface hardness of the permanent pattern, or suppress the coefficient of linear expansion, increase the thermal conductivity, or suppress the dielectric constant or dielectric loss tangent of the cured film itself, Can be selected / used.
- the inorganic filler include kaolin, barium sulfate, barium titanate, silica, talc, clay, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and mica. Examples of the commercially available barium sulfate include B-30 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- silica compounds having silicon atoms such as silica (compounds containing silicon as constituent atoms, such as silica and talc), barium sulfate and aluminum hydroxide are preferable, compounds having silicon atoms are more preferable, and silica is particularly preferable.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. However, 5 ⁇ m or less, preferably 2 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1 ⁇ m or less is appropriate. When the average particle size is 5 ⁇ m or more, resolution may be deteriorated due to light scattering.
- the content of the inorganic filler is 20% by volume or more in the total volume of the nonvolatile components (solid content) of the photosensitive resin composition.
- the content of the inorganic filler is preferably 25% by volume or more, more preferably 30% by volume or more.
- the upper limit of the inorganic filler is preferably 60% by volume or less, more preferably 50% by volume or less, further preferably 40% by volume or less, further preferably 35% by volume or less, and 32% by volume or less. Also good. If the content of the inorganic filler is too small, the effect of reducing the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, and the effect of improving impact resistance is insufficient.
- the nonvolatile component of the photosensitive resin composition is a component that does not volatilize and corresponds to a component that does not volatilize when heated to 150 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 20 mmbar, that is, a so-called solid content volume.
- organic solvents having a relatively high boiling point such as low boiling organic solvents and cellosolve solvents such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, carbitol, and butyl carbitol are known as volatile solvents.
- the photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention preferably contains a dispersant.
- a dispersing agent is used for dispersion
- the polymer dispersing agent which has the group which interacts with the surface of an inorganic filler, and does not have an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferable.
- the group that interacts with the surface of the inorganic filler include a basic group, an acidic group, and an adsorption group, and a basic group is particularly preferable.
- these interacting groups interact with each other on the surface of the inorganic filler and do not associate between the molecules of the dispersant.
- the mass average molecular weight is preferably 1,000 to 100,000.
- the dispersant does not contain a basic functional group, but contains an acidic functional group or a salt structure, a sufficient adsorption amount for an inorganic filler such as silica may not be obtained. In the case of a film, the viscosity may not decrease because aggregation of silica cannot be suppressed.
- the basic group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, a tertiary amino group, and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group. Heterocyclic groups are preferred, and tertiary amino groups are particularly preferred.
- the basic group is adsorbed on the surface of an inorganic or organic filler or pigment, particularly on the surface of silica fine particles, for example, by ionic interaction.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group may be any group as long as it contains a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom and the nitrogen atom exhibits basicity.
- the heterocyclic ring in the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group is preferably a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group, and may be an aromatic ring or an unsaturated or saturated ring.
- the nitrogen-containing heterocycle may be further condensed with an aromatic ring, a heterocycle or an alicyclic ring, and the nitrogen-containing heterocycle may have a substituent.
- substituents include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups or heterocyclic groups, halogen atoms, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, alkylthio groups, arylthio groups, amino groups, alkylaminos.
- arylamino group arylamino group, acylamino group, sulfonamido group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, hydroxyl group, mercapto Group, cyano group, nitro group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, ureido group, urethane group and the like.
- nitrogen-containing heterocycle examples include pyrrolidine ring, pyrroline ring, piperidine ring, piperazine ring, morpholine ring, imidazolidine ring, imidazoline ring, imidazole ring, pyrazolidine ring, pyrrolidine ring, pyrazole ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine ring, pyrazine Ring, pyrimidine ring, pyridazine ring, indole ring, indazole ring, purine ring, quinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, quinazoline ring, indoline ring, quinuclidine ring.
- the acidic group is not particularly limited, and examples of the acid moiety of the acidic group include a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphonyl group, —COCH 2 CO—R B , —CONHCO—R B , —COCH 2 CN, Examples thereof include a phenolic hydroxyl group, —R F CH 2 OH, — (R F ) 2 CHOH, an alkyl or aryl sulfonamide group, and the like.
- R B represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R F represents a perfluoroalkyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group is a saturated, unsaturated or cyclic hydrocarbon group, preferably a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
- a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, and a phosphonyl group are preferable, and a carboxyl group is particularly preferable in terms of developability.
- the acid part of the acid group is an aliphatic group (alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, cycloalkynyl group, etc.), an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, and a group of the above acid part. It may have, and the group of the said acid part may become an acidic group directly.
- the amine value of the dispersant preferably used in the present invention is preferably 0.65 mmol / g or more, more preferably 0.75 mmol / g or more, and further preferably 0.9 mmol / g or more.
- the upper limit of the amine value is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4 mmol / g or less, and more preferably 3 mmol / g or less.
- the amine value is measured, for example, by weighing a sample in a beaker, adding acetic acid, stirring and dissolving, adjusting the measurement temperature to 25 ° C., and then adding 0.1N perchloric acid acetic acid as a titration reagent. And can be determined by titrating with a titration apparatus.
- the amine value is the amount of perchlorate consumed when titrated, expressed in moles per gram of dispersant resin (solid content).
- the acid value of the dispersant preferably used in the present invention is preferably 0.1 mmol / g or more, more preferably 0.2 mmol / g or more, and still more preferably 0.3 mmol / g or more.
- the upper limit of an acid value is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 3.5 mmol / g or less, More preferably, it is 2.5 mmol / g or less.
- the acid value can be determined by titrating with a titration apparatus using a 0.1N NaOH aqueous solution as a titration reagent.
- the acid value is the amount of NaOH consumed when titrated, expressed in moles per gram of dispersant resin (solid content).
- the dispersant preferably used in the present invention preferably has at least one of a basic group and a polymer steric hindrance group as described above.
- the steric hindrance group includes a branched alkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group (in particular, the aryl group and the heterocyclic group preferably have two or more substituents), and a number average molecular weight of 500. Examples include ⁇ 50,000 side chain polymer chains, with polymer dispersants having graft chains being preferred.
- the steric protecting group is not high molecular weight but low molecular weight, sufficient steric repulsion may not be obtained. In some cases, repulsion cannot be obtained.
- aggregation of inorganic fillers cannot be suppressed, and the viscosity may not decrease.
- the polymer dispersant preferably has a graft chain on the side chain or at least one of the ends of the main chain.
- the graft chain include a polyester chain, a polyalkyl acrylate chain, a polyalkyl methacrylate chain, a polyalkylene oxide chain (preferably a polyethylene oxide chain, a polypropylene oxide chain), a polycarbonate chain, a polystyrene chain, or a combination thereof.
- strand of which is included in partial structure is mentioned.
- a graft chain having a polyester moiety is preferable in terms of resolution.
- the chain length of the graft chain is such that the degree of polymerization is preferably 1 to 100, more preferably 1 to 80, and particularly preferably 1 to 60.
- the content of the graft is preferably 10% by mass to 60% by mass and more preferably 20% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the entire polymer dispersant resin.
- the amine value, the acid value, or the amine value and the acid value are preferably in the above range, the amine value and the acid value are more preferably in the above range, and the amine value and the acid value are as described above. More preferred are those having a graft chain.
- Examples of commercially available dispersants include Solsperse 3000, Solsperse 17000, Solsperse 20000, Solsperse 24000GR, Solsperse 24000SC, Solsperse 26000, Solsperse 27000, Solsperse 28000, Solsperse 32000, Solsperse 33000, Solsperse 38500, Solsperse 39000, Solsperse 41000, Solsperse 55000, Solsperse 56000, Solsperse 71000, Solsperse 76500 (all manufactured by Lubrizol); Disperbyk-161, Disperbyk-167, Disperbyk-182, Disperbyk-2155, Disperbyk-102, Disperbyk-111ydisp -106, Disperbyk-108, Disperbyk-112, Disperbyk-2000, Disperbyk-2001, Disperbyk-2008, Disperbyk-2009, Disperbyk-2015, Disperbyk-2020, Disperbyk-2020, Disperbyk-2020, Disper
- the content of the dispersant with respect to the inorganic filler is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 mg, more preferably 1 to 3 mg per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the inorganic filler.
- the content is less than 0.1 mg, the dispersibility of the inorganic filler is insufficient, and when it exceeds 10 mg, the tackiness of the film may be deteriorated.
- the content is within the more preferable range, it is advantageous in terms of both dispersibility and tackiness.
- an elastomer there is no restriction
- an elastomer there is no restriction
- the styrene elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymers, Examples include styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymers.
- styrene which is a component constituting the styrene elastomer
- styrene derivatives such as ⁇ -methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, and the like can be used.
- Tufprene Asaprene T, Tuftec (above, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), Elastomer AR (made by Aron Kasei), Kraton G, Over Reflex (above, made by Shell Japan), JSR-TR, TSR-SIS, Dynalon (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.), Denka STR (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Quintac (manufactured by Nippon Zeon), TPE-SB series (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) )), Lavalon (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Septon, Hibler (above, Kuraray Co., Ltd.), Sumiflex (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.), Rheostomer, Actimer (above, Riken Vinyl Industry) It is done.
- the olefin elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include ⁇ , C 2-20 ⁇ , such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 4-methyl-pentene.
- -Olefin copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM), and also include dicyclopentadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, cyclohexane
- Non-conjugated dienes having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as octadiene, methylene norbornene, ethylidene norbornene, butadiene, isoprene, and ⁇ -olefin copolymers may be mentioned.
- carboxy-modified NBR obtained by copolymerizing methacrylic acid with a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer can be mentioned.
- ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber ethylene / ⁇ -olefin / non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber, propylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber, butene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber, etc.
- ethylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber ethylene / ⁇ -olefin / non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber
- propylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber propylene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber
- butene / ⁇ -olefin copolymer rubber etc.
- Miralastoma Mitsubishi Chemicals
- EXACT Exxon Chemical
- ENGAGE Low Chemical
- hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber DYNABON HSBR, Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.
- Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer NBR series manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.
- both-end carboxyl group-modified butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having a crosslinking point XER series manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.
- the number average molecular weight of the polymer (long chain) diol is preferably 500 to 10,000, and short chain diols such as propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and bisphenol A can be used in addition to ethylene glycol.
- the number average molecular weight of the short chain diol is preferably 48 to 500.
- Examples of commercially available urethane elastomers include PANDEX T-2185, T-2983N (manufactured by DIC Corporation), and sylactolan E790.
- dicarboxylic acid examples include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids in which hydrogen atoms of these aromatic nuclei are substituted with a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and the like.
- Examples thereof include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, sebacic acid and dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the diol compound include aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, and 1,4-cyclohexanediol.
- dicyclic phenols represented by the following structural formulas.
- Y DO represents any one of an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, —O—, —S—, and —SO 2 —, or benzene.
- R DO1 and R DO2 each independently represent a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- p do1 and p do2 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and n do1 represents 0 or 1.
- polyester elastomer examples include bisphenol A, bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis- (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propane, and resorcin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a multi-block copolymer having an aromatic polyester (for example, polybutylene terephthalate) portion as a hard segment component and an aliphatic polyester (for example, polytetramethylene glycol) portion as a soft segment component may be used. it can.
- the multi-block copolymer includes various grades depending on the kind, ratio, and molecular weight of the hard segment and the soft segment.
- Hytrel manufactured by DuPont-Toray Industries, Inc.
- Perprene manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.
- Espel manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the polyamide-based elastomer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- a polyether block amide type and a polyether ester block using a polyamide as a hard phase and a polyether or polyester as a soft phase As the polyamide, polyamide-6, 11, 12 or the like is used as the polyamide, and as the polyether, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polytetramethylene glycol or the like is used.
- UBE polyamide elastomer manufactured by Ube Industries Co., Ltd.
- Daiamide manufactured by Daicel Huls Co., Ltd.
- PEBAX manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
- Grilon ELY manufactured by MMS Japan Co., Ltd.
- Nopamid Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Gla Relax DIC Co., Ltd.
- the acrylic elastomer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- an acrylic ester as a main component ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, and the like can be given.
- the crosslinking point monomer include glycidyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether.
- acrylonitrile and ethylene can be copolymerized.
- acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer examples include acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and the like.
- the silicone elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the silicone elastomer is mainly composed of organopolysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, and polydiphenylsiloxane. Is mentioned.
- Specific examples of the commercially available products include KE series (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), SE series, CY series, SH series (above, manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- a rubber-modified epoxy resin can be used.
- the rubber-modified epoxy resin includes, for example, a part or all of the epoxy groups of the bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, salicylaldehyde type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin or cresol novolac type epoxy resin. It can be obtained by modification with terminal carboxylic acid-modified butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, terminal amino-modified silicone rubber or the like.
- the content of the elastomer is preferably 1 part by mass to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 2 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition, and 3 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass. Part by mass is particularly preferred.
- the content is less than 2 parts by mass, the elastic modulus in the high temperature region of the cured film tends not to decrease, and when it exceeds 50 parts by mass, the unexposed part tends not to elute with the developer.
- the photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention contains an ion scavenger (ion adsorbent) of an inorganic compound having at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb.
- the ion trapping free Cl -, or a hydrolysable Cl - Cu 2+ is centered in the anion, and free of Na + and tests such.
- the inorganic compound (zirconium compound) having Zr include zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, and zirconium tellurate.
- zirconium phosphate that can selectively ion-exchange cations such as Na + and K + and is excellent in ion exchange capacity is particularly preferable.
- the Bi-containing inorganic compound include bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth salicylate, and bismuth carbonate. Among them, Cl - specifically captured to bismuth oxide is particularly preferred.
- the inorganic compound (antimony compound) having Sb an antimony oxide compound is preferable.
- the antimony compound include antimony pentoxide, antimony trioxide, phosphorous antimonic acid, zirconium antimonate, and titanium antimonate. Among these, antimony pentoxide is particularly preferable in terms of Na + .
- the inorganic compound having at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb is zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, zirconium tellurate, bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, Inorganic compounds selected from bismuth salicylate, bismuth carbonate, antimony pentoxide, antimony trioxide, antimony phosphorus, zirconium antimonate and titanium antimonate are preferred.
- the insulating reliability is synergistically improved by capturing both the positive and negative ions.
- the mass ratio (A: B) between the bismuth compound (A) and the zirconium compound (B) is preferably 1: 0.1 to 1:10, more preferably 1: 0.2 to 1: 5.
- the total content of the ion scavenger in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass, and more preferably 1% by mass to 5% by mass.
- the content is 10% by mass or more, curing failure, resolution, and adhesion are lowered.
- the content is 0.5% by mass or less, the effect of improving the insulation reliability is small.
- ion scavengers may be used in combination with the above ion scavenger.
- ion scavengers include the following. Inorganic ion exchanger that adsorbs anions and cations (combined with anion and cation scavenger), beryllium oxide hydrate, gallium oxide hydrate, lanthanum oxide hydrate, iron oxide hydrate, aluminum oxide hydrate And hydrous oxides of metals such as titanium oxide hydrate, tin oxide hydrate, germanium oxide hydrate and thorium oxide hydrate.
- anion scavenger include talcite.
- hydrous oxides of metals such as hydrates, ammonium phosphomolybdate, titanium molybdate, titanium tungstate, tin molybdate, tin tungstate, chromium tripolyphosphate, and the like.
- cation exchangers IXE-200 (tin-based), IXE-400 (titanium-based) marketed by Toagosei Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
- ⁇ Coloring pigment> It is preferable to contain a color pigment in the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention.
- a coloring pigment there is no restriction
- Pigment Yellow 55 Permanent Yellow HR (CI Pigment Yellow 83), Permanent Carmine FBB (CI Pigment Red 146), Hoster Balm Red ESB (CI Pigment Violet 19), Permanent Ruby FBH (CI Pigment Red 11) Fastel Pink B Supra (CI Pigment Red 81) Monastral First Blue (CI Pigment Blue 15), Monolite First Black B (CI Pigment Black 1), carbon, C.I. I. Pigment red 97, C.I. I. Pigment red 122, C.I. I. Pigment red 149, C.I. I. Pigment red 168, C.I. I. Pigment red 177, C.I. I. Pigment red 180, C.I. I. Pigment red 192, C.I. I.
- These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the dye suitably selected from well-known dye can be used as needed.
- the content of the colored pigment in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition can be determined in consideration of the exposure sensitivity, resolution, etc. of the photosensitive layer during permanent pattern formation, and varies depending on the type of the colored pigment. However, generally 0.01 to 10% by mass is preferable, and 0.05 to 5% by mass is more preferable.
- the other components are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include a thermosetting accelerator, a thermal polymerization inhibitor, a plasticizer, and a surface treatment agent, and further, the surface of the substrate. Adhesion promoters and other auxiliaries (for example, conductive particles, fillers, antifoaming agents, flame retardants, leveling agents, peeling accelerators, antioxidants, perfumes, surface tension modifiers, chain transfer agents, etc. ) May be used in combination. By appropriately containing these components, it is possible to adjust properties such as stability, photographic properties, and film properties of the target photosensitive resin composition.
- Adhesion promoters and other auxiliaries for example, conductive particles, fillers, antifoaming agents, flame retardants, leveling agents, peeling accelerators, antioxidants, perfumes, surface tension modifiers, chain transfer agents, etc.
- thermal polymerization inhibitor examples include thermal polymerization inhibitors described in paragraphs [0101] to [0102] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- thermosetting accelerator examples include the thermosetting accelerator described in paragraph [0093] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- plasticizer examples include plasticizers described in paragraphs [0103] to [0104] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- surface treatment agent examples include silane coupling agents described in paragraphs [0017] to [0022] of JP-A-2008-102486.
- adhesion promoter examples include adhesion promoters described in paragraphs [0107] to [0109] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- the usage form of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the photosensitive resin composition may be used in a liquid state or may be used as a photosensitive film.
- the said photosensitive film has a support body and the photosensitive layer which contains the photosensitive resin composition of this invention on this support body at least, and also has another layer as needed.
- the support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. However, it is preferable that the photosensitive layer is peelable and has good light transmittance, and further has a smooth surface. Is more preferable.
- the support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the support described in paragraphs [0115] to [0117] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- the said photosensitive layer is a layer which consists of the said photosensitive resin composition of this invention, there will be no restriction
- the number of laminated photosensitive layers is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it may be one layer or two or more layers.
- a photosensitive resin composition solution is prepared by dissolving, emulsifying or dispersing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention in water or a solvent on the support, The method of laminating
- the solvent used in the photosensitive resin composition solution is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- the application method is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, using a spin coater, slit spin coater, roll coater, die coater, curtain coater, etc.
- coating etc. are mentioned.
- the drying conditions vary depending on each component, the type of solvent, the use ratio, etc., but are usually 60 ° C. to 120 ° C. for about 30 seconds to 15 minutes.
- the thickness of the photosensitive layer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 4 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the other layer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- a protective film a thermoplastic resin layer, a barrier layer, a release layer, an adhesive layer, a light absorbing layer, a surface protective layer, etc.
- the said photosensitive film may have these layers individually by 1 type, and may have 2 or more types.
- the photosensitive film may form a protective film on the photosensitive layer.
- a protective film there is no restriction
- the protective film as described in Paragraph [0118] of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2008-250074 etc. are mentioned.
- the combination of the protective film and the support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the combination described in paragraph [0118] of JP-A-2008-250074. It is done.
- the static friction coefficient between the support and the protective film is preferably 0.3 to 1.4, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2. If the static friction coefficient is 0.3 or more, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of winding misalignment when it is made into a roll shape due to excessive slip, and if it is 1.4 or less, it can be wound into a good roll shape. .
- the length and storage method of the photosensitive film are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose.
- the length and storage described in paragraph [0120] of JP-A-2008-250074 are disclosed. The method etc. are mentioned.
- the protective film may be surface-treated to adjust the adhesion between the protective film and the photosensitive layer.
- an undercoat layer made of a polymer such as polyorganosiloxane, fluorinated polyolefin, polyfluoroethylene, or polyvinyl alcohol is formed on the surface of the protective film.
- the undercoat layer can be formed by applying the polymer coating solution to the surface of the protective film and then drying at 30 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 to 30 minutes.
- the drying temperature is particularly preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C.
- the photosensitive laminate of the present invention comprises at least a substrate and a photosensitive layer on the substrate, and further laminates other layers as necessary.
- the photosensitive layer is a layer containing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention.
- the photosensitive layer is, for example, transferred from the photosensitive film produced by the above-described manufacturing method, and has the same configuration as described above.
- the substrate is a substrate to be processed on which a photosensitive layer is formed, or a substrate to which at least the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive film of the present invention is transferred, and is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it can be arbitrarily selected from those having high surface smoothness to those having a rough surface.
- a plate-like substrate is preferable, and a so-called substrate is used.
- Specific examples include known printed wiring board manufacturing substrates (printed substrates), glass plates (soda glass plates, etc.), synthetic resin films, paper, metal plates, and the like.
- the method for producing the photosensitive laminate is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, at least one of heating and pressing at least the photosensitive layer in the photosensitive film of the present invention is performed. And a method of transferring and laminating.
- An example of the manufacturing method of the said photosensitive laminated body is the method of laminating
- the said photosensitive film has the said protective film, it is preferable to peel this protective film and to laminate
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 15 ° C. to 180 ° C. is preferable, and 60 ° C. to 140 ° C. is more preferable.
- the pressurizing pressure is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 0.1 MPa to 1.0 MPa is preferable, and 0.2 MPa to 0.8 MPa is more preferable.
- the apparatus for performing at least one of the heating is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- a laminator for example, Taisei Laminator, VP-II, Nichigo Morton, VP130
- Taisei Laminator, VP-II, Nichigo Morton, VP130 is preferable.
- the photosensitive film and the photosensitive laminate of the present invention can be widely used for forming a high-definition permanent pattern in the field of electronic materials, and can be particularly suitably used for forming a permanent pattern on a printed circuit board.
- the permanent pattern forming method of the present invention includes at least an exposure step, and further includes other steps as necessary.
- the exposure step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of exposing the photosensitive layer formed by the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose.
- the present invention The process of exposing with respect to the photosensitive layer in the said photosensitive laminated body is mentioned.
- the subject of the exposure is not particularly limited as long as it is the photosensitive layer, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but while performing at least one of heating and pressurizing the photosensitive film on the substrate. It is preferable to be performed on a laminated body formed by laminating.
- the exposure is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include digital exposure and analog exposure.
- the developing step is a step of removing an unexposed portion of the photosensitive layer.
- the developer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the developers described in paragraphs [0171] to [0173] of JP-A-2008-250074.
- the curing treatment step is a step of performing a curing treatment on the photosensitive layer in the formed pattern after the development step is performed.
- limiting in particular as said hardening process Although it can select suitably according to the objective, For example, a whole surface exposure process, a whole surface heat processing, etc. are mentioned suitably.
- the method for the whole surface exposure treatment and the whole surface heat treatment is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
- paragraphs [0176] to [0177] of JP-A-2008-250074 The method of description is mentioned.
- the permanent pattern forming method is a permanent pattern forming method for forming at least one of a protective film, an interlayer insulating film, and a solder resist pattern
- the permanent pattern is formed on a printed circuit board by the permanent pattern forming method.
- soldering can be performed as follows. That is, by the development, a hardened layer that is the permanent pattern is formed, and the metal layer is exposed on the surface of the printed board. Gold plating is performed on the portion of the metal layer exposed on the surface of the printed wiring board, and then soldering is performed. Then, a semiconductor or a component is mounted on the soldered portion.
- the permanent pattern by the hardened layer exhibits a function as a protective film, an insulating film (interlayer insulating film), or a solder resist, and prevents external impact and conduction between adjacent electrodes.
- the printed circuit board of the present invention comprises at least a substrate and a permanent pattern formed by the permanent pattern forming method, and further has other configurations appropriately selected as necessary.
- the printed circuit board of the present invention can select suitably, For example, the buildup board
- the acid value, the mass average molecular weight, and the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent in the synthesis examples were measured by the following methods.
- the sample was injected, eluted with the THF solution, and measured with a refractive index detector or a UV detector (detection wavelength: 254 nm) at 25 ° C.
- a refractive index detector or a UV detector detection wavelength: 254 nm
- the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent was determined by measuring the bromine number according to JIS K2605.
- the obtained polyurethane resin U1 had a solid content acid value of 48 mgKOH / g, and a mass average molecular weight (polystyrene standard) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was 11,000. Moreover, the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent was 1.3 mmol / g.
- polyester resin E-1 was diluted and dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate to a solid content concentration of 60% by mass to obtain a polyester resin E-1 solution.
- the obtained polyester resin E-1 had a mass average molecular weight (polystyrene standard) measured by gel permeation chromatography was 34,000.
- Example 1 ⁇ Manufacture of photosensitive film> A photosensitive resin composition solution having the following composition is applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate film (16FB50, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 16 ⁇ m as a support, and dried to form a photosensitive layer having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m on the support. Formed. On the photosensitive layer, a 20 ⁇ m-thick polypropylene film (manufactured by Oji Specialty Paper Co., Ltd., Alphan E-200) was laminated as a protective layer to produce a photosensitive film.
- a polyethylene terephthalate film (16FB50, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.
- a 20 ⁇ m-thick polypropylene film manufactured by Oji Specialty Paper Co., Ltd., Alphan E-200
- the pigment dispersion “G-2” is composed of 32.0 parts by mass of silica (manufactured by Admatechs, SO-C2) and the dispersant D-1 solution of Synthesis Example 3 (solid content 20% by mass). 2 parts by mass, 12.0 parts by mass of the polyurethane resin U1 solution (solid content 45% by mass) of Synthesis Example 1, 0.21 parts by mass of phthalocyanine blue, and 0.06 of an anthraquinone yellow pigment (CI PY24) 1 part by mass, 1.65 parts by mass of IXE-6107 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), 0.35 parts by mass of melamine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and 77.4 parts by mass of cyclohexanone After that, the mixture was prepared by dispersing with a motor mill M-250 (manufactured by Eiger) using zirconia beads having a diameter of 1.0 mm at a peripheral speed of 9 m
- a substrate was prepared by subjecting the surface of a copper-clad laminate (no through-hole, copper thickness 12 ⁇ m) to chemical polishing treatment.
- a vacuum laminator manufactured by Nichigo Morton Co., Ltd., VP130
- a photosensitive laminate was prepared in which the copper-clad laminate, the photosensitive layer, and the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) were laminated in this order.
- the pressure bonding conditions were a vacuum drawing time of 40 seconds, a pressure bonding temperature of 70 ° C., a pressure bonding pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a pressure time of 10 seconds.
- a predetermined pattern is obtained with a parallel light exposure machine (ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) from the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) side through a glass mask having a predetermined pattern with respect to the photosensitive layer in the prepared photosensitive laminate. Irradiation was performed with an energy amount of 60 mJ / cm 2 to cure a part of the photosensitive layer.
- a parallel light exposure machine ultra-high pressure mercury lamp
- A There is no development residue on a substrate with a round hole having a diameter of 120 ⁇ m, and the development residue removal property is good. There is a slight development residue on a substrate with a round hole with a diameter of 120 ⁇ m, and the development residue removability is slightly inferior.
- C There is a development residue on a substrate with a round hole with a diameter of 120 ⁇ m, and the removability of the development residue is inferior.
- the photosensitive laminate was allowed to stand at 55% RH for 10 minutes at room temperature (23 ° C.). From the obtained photosensitive laminate polyethylene terephthalate film (support), a round hole pattern is used to form a round hole having a diameter of 30 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m at a diameter of 60 mJ / cm using a pattern forming apparatus. 2 was exposed. After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) was peeled off from the photosensitive laminate. The entire surface of the photosensitive layer on the copper clad laminate is sprayed with a 1% by weight sodium carbonate aqueous solution at 30 ° C.
- a round hole of 100 ⁇ m or less can be resolved, and the resolution is slightly inferior
- the plating resistance of the permanent pattern obtained as follows was evaluated.
- the substrate was not for individual evaluation except that the surface of a copper-clad laminate (no through-hole, copper thickness 12 ⁇ m) was subjected to a chemical polishing treatment was used for the substrate.
- a newly prepared photosensitive laminate was used in the same manner as in the case.
- An independent wiring pattern of 30 ⁇ m to 1,000 ⁇ m at an optimal exposure amount is formed on the surface of the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive layered product through a photomask and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then the photosensitive layered product.
- the support is peeled off, and a 1% by mass aqueous sodium carbonate solution at 30 ° C.
- Example 1 a photosensitive film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of the ion scavenger and the content of the inorganic filler (silica) in the nonvolatile component of the photosensitive resin composition were changed to the combinations shown in Table 1 below. , Laminates and permanent patterns were produced. The ion scavenger was added so that the total amount of the ion scavenger was the same as in Example 1. These were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are summarized in Table 1 below.
- the use of bismuth, zirconium or antimony compounds as the ion scavenger and the content of the inorganic filler in the photosensitive resin composition is 20% by volume or more makes it possible to provide insulation and resolution. It can be seen that the film is excellent in heat resistance and plating resistance and has very little development residue. It can also be seen that the desired effect cannot be obtained when the ion scavenger such as hydrosartite or the content of the inorganic filler is small.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、ソルダーレジスト等に好適に用いられる感光性樹脂組成物、並びにこれを用いた感光性フイルム、感光性積層体、永久パターン形成方法およびプリント基板に関する。 The present invention relates to a photosensitive resin composition suitably used for solder resist and the like, and a photosensitive film, a photosensitive laminate, a permanent pattern forming method and a printed board using the same.
従来より、ソルダーレジスト等の永久パターンを形成するに際して、支持体上にシリカ分散組成物を塗布し、乾燥することにより感光層を形成させた感光性フィルムが用いられてきている。ソルダーレジスト等の永久パターンを形成する方法としては、例えば、永久パターンが形成される銅張積層板等の基体上に、感光性フィルムを積層させて積層体を形成し、該積層体における感光層に対して露光を行い、該露光後、感光層を現像してパターンを形成させ、その後硬化処理等を行うことにより永久パターンを形成する方法等が知られている。 Conventionally, when forming a permanent pattern such as a solder resist, a photosensitive film in which a photosensitive layer is formed by applying a silica dispersion composition on a support and drying it has been used. As a method for forming a permanent pattern such as a solder resist, for example, a photosensitive film is laminated on a substrate such as a copper-clad laminate on which a permanent pattern is formed to form a laminate, and the photosensitive layer in the laminate is formed. There is known a method of forming a permanent pattern by performing exposure on the substrate, developing the photosensitive layer after the exposure to form a pattern, and then performing a curing process or the like.
最近、デバイスの微細化に伴って、L/S(ラインスペース)の小さい半導体パッケージ基板等のソルダーレジストの開発が進められている。そこで、耐衝撃性、絶縁性を向上させるため、無機フィラーの高充填化が求められている。
最近になって、ソルダーレジストとソルダーレジストの下地となる基板との線膨張係数を一致させて冷熱サイクル時に生じるソルダーレジストのクラックの発生や剥がれを抑制するために、屈折率が1.50~1.65のBa、MgもしくはAl系の無機フィラーを感光性樹脂組成物の不揮発成分全体量に対して25~40容量%含有させることが提案されている(特許文献1参照)。また、サーマルサイクルテスト耐性、保存安定性、バイアを形成したときの内壁面の形状をスムースにするために、無機フィラーとして、シランカップリング剤で表面処理した球状のシリカを使用することが提案されている(特許文献2参照)。
一方、感光性組成物中に特定のイオン吸着剤を使用することが知られている(特許文献3~5参照)。
Recently, with the miniaturization of devices, development of solder resists such as semiconductor package substrates having a small L / S (line space) has been underway. Therefore, in order to improve impact resistance and insulation, it is required to increase the filling of the inorganic filler.
Recently, a refractive index of 1.50 to 1 is used in order to suppress the occurrence of cracking and peeling of the solder resist that occurs during the thermal cycle by matching the linear expansion coefficients of the solder resist and the substrate serving as the base of the solder resist. .65 Ba, Mg or Al based inorganic filler is proposed to be contained in an amount of 25 to 40% by volume based on the total amount of nonvolatile components of the photosensitive resin composition (see Patent Document 1). In addition, it is proposed to use spherical silica surface-treated with a silane coupling agent as an inorganic filler in order to smooth the thermal cycle test resistance, storage stability, and the shape of the inner wall surface when vias are formed. (See Patent Document 2).
On the other hand, it is known to use a specific ion adsorbent in the photosensitive composition (see Patent Documents 3 to 5).
しかしながら、ソルダーレジストなどに用いる感光性樹脂組成物や感光性フイルム等において、感光層に無機フィラーを高充填すると、溶融粘度が高くなり、転写性、現像性が低下する。 However, in a photosensitive resin composition or a photosensitive film used for a solder resist or the like, if the photosensitive layer is highly filled with an inorganic filler, the melt viscosity becomes high, and the transferability and developability deteriorate.
本発明は、無機フィラーを高密度に含有しながらも、無機フィラーの分散安定性に優れ、且つ、解像性が良好で現像残渣もより少なく、絶縁性、耐熱性、耐メッキ性のいずれにも優れた高性能な硬化膜を得ることが可能な感光性樹脂組成物を提供することを課題とする。さらに、本発明は、上記感光性樹脂組成物を使用した感光性積層体、永久パターン形成方法およびプリント基板を提供することを課題とする。 Although the present invention contains an inorganic filler in a high density, the inorganic filler is excellent in dispersion stability, has good resolution, has less development residue, and has any of insulation, heat resistance, and plating resistance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a photosensitive resin composition capable of obtaining an excellent high-performance cured film. Furthermore, this invention makes it a subject to provide the photosensitive laminated body using the said photosensitive resin composition, the permanent pattern formation method, and a printed circuit board.
本発明者等は鋭意検討を重ねた結果、本発明の上記課題は、下記手段で解決できることを見出した。 As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that the above problems of the present invention can be solved by the following means.
すなわち、本発明の上記課題を解決するための手段は、以下の通りである。
<1>酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂、無機フィラー、イオン捕捉剤、ラジカル重合性モノマー、光重合開始剤および熱架橋剤をそれぞれ少なくとも1種含有する感光性樹脂組成物であって、該感光性樹脂組成物の不揮発成分全容量中の該無機フィラーの含有量が20容量%以上であり、かつ該イオン捕捉剤が、構成原子にZr、BiまたはSbの少なくとも1種を有する無機化合物である、感光性樹脂組成物。
<2>前記イオン捕捉剤が、リン酸ジルコニウム、タングステン酸ジルコニウム、モリブデン酸ジルコニウム、セレン酸ジルコニウム、テルル酸ジルコニウム、酸化ビスマス、チタン酸ビスマス、硝酸ビスマス、サリチル酸ビスマス、炭酸ビスマス、五酸化アンチモン、三酸化アンチモン、リンアンチモン酸、アンチモン酸ジルコニウムおよびアンチモン酸チタンから選択される無機化合物である、前記<1>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<3>前記イオン捕捉剤として、構成原子にZrを有する無機化合物の少なくとも1種及び構成原子にBiを有する無機化合物の少なくとも1種を含有する、前記<1>または<2>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<4>無機フィラーの表面と相互作用する基を有し、エチレン性不飽和基を有さない高分子分散剤を含有する、前記<1>~<3>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<5>前記分散剤が塩基性基または酸性基を有する分散剤である、前記<4>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<6>前記分散剤が第一級アミノ基または第二級アミノ基を有する、前記<4>または<5>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<7>前記分散剤がグラフト鎖を有する、前記<4>~<6>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<8>前記分散剤のアミン価が0.65mmol/g以上である、前記<4>~<7>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<9>前記分散剤の酸価が0.1mmol/g以上である前記<4>~<8>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<10>前記無機フィラーが構成原子にケイ素を含む、前記<1>~<9>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<11>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂である、前記<1>~<10>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<12>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(1)~(3)のいずれかの構造を有する、前記<1>~<11>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
That is, the means for solving the above-described problems of the present invention are as follows.
<1> a photosensitive resin composition containing at least one acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin, an inorganic filler, an ion scavenger, a radical polymerizable monomer, a photopolymerization initiator, and a thermal crosslinking agent, An inorganic compound in which the content of the inorganic filler in the total volume of nonvolatile components of the photosensitive resin composition is 20% by volume or more, and the ion scavenger has at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb as constituent atoms A photosensitive resin composition.
<2> The ion scavenger is zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, zirconium tellurate, bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth salicylate, bismuth carbonate, antimony pentoxide, three The photosensitive resin composition according to <1>, which is an inorganic compound selected from antimony oxide, phosphorus antimonic acid, zirconium antimonate, and titanium antimonate.
<3> The photosensitive material according to <1> or <2>, wherein the ion scavenger contains at least one inorganic compound having Zr as a constituent atom and at least one inorganic compound having Bi as a constituent atom. Resin composition.
<4> The photosensitive material according to any one of <1> to <3>, which contains a polymer dispersant having a group that interacts with the surface of the inorganic filler and having no ethylenically unsaturated group. Resin composition.
<5> The photosensitive resin composition according to <4>, wherein the dispersant is a dispersant having a basic group or an acidic group.
<6> The photosensitive resin composition according to <4> or <5>, wherein the dispersant has a primary amino group or a secondary amino group.
<7> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <4> to <6>, wherein the dispersant has a graft chain.
<8> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <4> to <7>, wherein the dispersant has an amine value of 0.65 mmol / g or more.
<9> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <4> to <8>, wherein the dispersant has an acid value of 0.1 mmol / g or more.
<10> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <9>, wherein the inorganic filler contains silicon as a constituent atom.
<11> The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <10>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin.
<12> Any one of the above <1> to <11>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has any one of the following general formulas (1) to (3): 2. The photosensitive resin composition according to item 1.
一般式(1)~(3)において、R1~R11は各々独立に、水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。XおよびYは各々独立に、酸素原子、硫黄原子または-N(R12)-を表す。ここで、R12は、水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。Zは、酸素原子、硫黄原子、-N(R13)-または置換基を有してもよいフェニレン基を表す。ここでR13は、水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。
<13>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ該樹脂中に占める芳香族部分の比率が30質量%以上である、前記<1>~<12>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<14>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(UB)で表される部分構造を有する、前記<1>~<13>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In the general formulas (1) to (3), R 1 to R 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. X and Y each independently represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —N (R 12 ) —. Here, R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —N (R 13 ) —, or an optionally substituted phenylene group. Here, R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
<13> Any one of the above <1> to <12>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin, and a ratio of an aromatic moiety in the resin is 30% by mass or more 2. The photosensitive resin composition according to item 1.
<14> In any one of the above items <1> to <13>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UB): The photosensitive resin composition as described.
一般式(UB)において、XL1は、単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-を表し、Ru1~Ru8は各々独立に水素原子または置換基を表す。
<15>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(UB)で表される部分構造を有し、該樹脂中に占める該一般式(UB)の芳香族部分の比率が30質量%以上である、前記<1>~<14>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In the general formula (UB), X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or — C (═O) — and R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
<15> The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UB), and the fragrance of the general formula (UB) occupies in the resin The photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <14>, wherein the ratio of the group part is 30% by mass or more.
一般式(UB)において、XL1は、単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-を表し、Ru1~Ru8は各々独立に水素原子または置換基を表す。
<16>前記一般式(UB)において、Ru1~Ru8がいずれも水素原子である、前記<14>または<15>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<17>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(UNCO)で表される部分構造を有する、前記<1>~<16>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In the general formula (UB), X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or — C (═O) — and R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
<16> The photosensitive resin composition according to <14> or <15>, wherein in the general formula (UB), R u1 to R u8 are all hydrogen atoms.
<17> In any one of the above items <1> to <16>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UNCO): The photosensitive resin composition as described.
一般式(UNCO)において、XL1は、単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-を表す。Ru1~Ru8は各々独立に水素原子または置換基を表す。
<18>前記一般式(UNCO)において、Ru1~Ru8がともに水素原子であり、かつXL1が-CH2-である、前記<17>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<19>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂中に占める前記一般式(UNCO)の芳香族部分の比率が30質量%以上である、前記<17>または<18>に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<20>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(UE1)で表される部分構造を有する、前記<1>~<19>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In the general formula (UNCO), X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or — C (= O)-is represented. R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
<18> The photosensitive resin composition according to <17>, wherein in the general formula (UNCO), R u1 to R u8 are all hydrogen atoms, and X L1 is —CH 2 —.
<19> The photosensitive material according to <17> or <18>, wherein a ratio of the aromatic moiety of the general formula (UNCO) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is 30% by mass or more. Resin composition.
<20> In any one of the above items <1> to <19>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UE1): The photosensitive resin composition as described.
一般式(UE1)において、LUEは、主鎖の結合に-NHC(=O)O-または-OC(=O)NH-を含まず、かつ、置換基として、エチレン性不飽和基またはエチレン性不飽和基を有する基を1つ有する2価の連結基を表す。
<21>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(G1)で表される部分構造を有する、前記<1>~<20>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In the general formula (UE1), L UE does not contain —NHC (═O) O— or —OC (═O) NH— in the main chain bond, and has an ethylenically unsaturated group or ethylene as a substituent. Represents a divalent linking group having one group having a polymerizable unsaturated group.
<21> In any one of the above items <1> to <20>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (G1): The photosensitive resin composition as described.
一般式(G1)において、R1~R3は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は1価の有機基を表す。Aは2価の有機残基を表す。Xは、酸素原子、硫黄原子、又は-N(R12)-を表し、R12は、水素原子、又は1価の有機基を表す。
<22>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつ下記一般式(U1)で表される部分構造を有する、前記<1>~<21>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
In General Formula (G1), R 1 to R 3 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. A represents a divalent organic residue. X represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or —N (R 12 ) —, and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
<22> In any one of the above items <1> to <21>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (U1): The photosensitive resin composition as described.
一般式(U1)において、LU1はエチレン性不飽和基およびカルボキシル基を含まない2価の連結基を表す。
<23>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂がポリウレタン樹脂であり、かつポリマー末端に、カルボキシル基を有する基を有する、前記<1>~<22>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<24>前記酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂のエチレン性不飽和基当量が1.00mmol/g以上である、前記<1>~<23>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物。
<25>支持体上に、前記<1>~<24>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物を含む感光層を有する感光性フィルム。
<26>基体上に、前記<1>~<24>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物を含む感光層を有してなる感光性積層体。
<27>前記<1>~<24>のいずれか1項に記載の感光性樹脂組成物により形成された感光層を露光することを少なくとも含む、永久パターン形成方法。
<28>前記<27>に記載の永久パターン形成方法により永久パターンが形成されてなるプリント基板。
In the general formula (U1), L U1 represents a divalent linking group that does not contain an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group.
<23> The photosensitive resin according to any one of <1> to <22>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin is a polyurethane resin and has a group having a carboxyl group at a polymer terminal. Resin composition.
<24> The photosensitive resin according to any one of <1> to <23>, wherein the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin has an ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of 1.00 mmol / g or more. Composition.
<25> A photosensitive film having a photosensitive layer containing the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <24> on a support.
<26> A photosensitive laminate comprising a photosensitive layer containing the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <24> on a substrate.
<27> A method for forming a permanent pattern, comprising at least exposing a photosensitive layer formed of the photosensitive resin composition according to any one of <1> to <24>.
<28> A printed board on which a permanent pattern is formed by the permanent pattern forming method according to <27>.
本発明により、無機フィラーを安定かつ高密度に分散でき、特にソルダーレジスト用などに好適で、現像残渣の低減や、絶縁性、平坦性、解像性、耐熱性さらには現像性や転写性に優れた高性能な硬化膜を得ることができる感光性樹脂組成物、感光性フイルム、感光性積層体、永久パターン形成方法およびプリント基板が提供できる。 According to the present invention, the inorganic filler can be dispersed stably and at a high density, particularly suitable for solder resists, etc., for reducing development residue, insulating properties, flatness, resolution, heat resistance, and developability and transferability. A photosensitive resin composition, a photosensitive film, a photosensitive laminate, a method for forming a permanent pattern, and a printed board that can obtain an excellent high-performance cured film can be provided.
本発明の上記及び他の特徴及び利点は、下記の記載からより明らかになるであろう。 The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description.
(感光性樹脂組成物)
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物(以下、単に感光性組成物または組成物とも称す。)は、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂、無機フィラー、イオン捕捉剤、ラジカル重合性モノマー、光重合開始剤および熱架橋剤をそれぞれ少なくとも1種含有する組成物である。本発明の感光性樹脂組成物は、分散剤、エラストマー、更に必要に応じてその他の成分を含有していてもよい。
(Photosensitive resin composition)
The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention (hereinafter also simply referred to as photosensitive composition or composition) is an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin, inorganic filler, ion scavenger, radical polymerizable monomer, photopolymerization. It is a composition containing at least one initiator and a thermal crosslinking agent. The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention may contain a dispersant, an elastomer, and, if necessary, other components.
本発明の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂は、少なくともエチレン性不飽和基を有する酸変性の樹脂であり、このような酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂としては、以下の樹脂が挙げられる。
1)ポリウレタン樹脂
2)(メタ)アクリル樹脂
3)ポリエーテル樹脂
4)ノボラック型樹脂
5)ポリエステル樹脂
6)ポリアミドもしくはポリイミド樹脂
このうち、3)のポリエーテル樹脂と4)のノボラック型樹脂はエポキシ樹脂から得られる樹脂である。また2)の(メタ)アクリル樹脂は、アクリル樹脂とメタクリル樹脂を含む樹脂の総称である。本明細書において、上記1)以外の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂を総称して、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有非ポリウレタン樹脂という。
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin of the present invention is an acid-modified resin having at least an ethylenically unsaturated group. Examples of such acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resins include the following resins: Can be mentioned.
1) Polyurethane resin 2) (Meth) acrylic resin 3) Polyether resin 4) Novolac type resin 5) Polyester resin 6) Polyamide resin or Polyimide resin Among these, 3) polyether resin and 4) novolac type resin are epoxy resins It is a resin obtained from The (meth) acrylic resin of 2) is a general term for resins including acrylic resin and methacrylic resin. In this specification, acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resins other than 1) above are collectively referred to as acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resins.
本発明に用いる酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂は、酸変性樹脂であり、該酸の酸基としては、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ホスホ基が挙げられるが、カルボキシル基が好ましい。
また、エチレン性不飽和基としては、どのような基でも構わないが、後述の一般式(1)~(3)で表される基が好ましく、後述の一般式(1)で表される基がさらに好ましい。
上記の1)~6)の樹脂のうち、1)~4)の樹脂が好ましく、1)の樹脂が特に好ましい。
最初に酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂を詳細に説明する。
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing resin used in the present invention is an acid-modified resin, and examples of the acid group of the acid include a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, and a phospho group, and a carboxyl group is preferable.
The ethylenically unsaturated group may be any group, but is preferably a group represented by the following general formulas (1) to (3), and is preferably a group represented by the following general formula (1). Is more preferable.
Of the resins 1) to 6), the resins 1) to 4) are preferable, and the resin 1) is particularly preferable.
First, the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin will be described in detail.
<<酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、本発明においては、特に、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有する酸変性ポリウレタン樹脂が好ましい。本発明において、側鎖とは、ポリウレタン樹脂の主鎖を構成する原子の鎖から分岐もしくは主鎖を構成する原子に置換して連結した鎖であり、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を有すとは、エチレン性不飽和基をこのような側鎖に含むか、主鎖を構成する原子にエチレン性不飽和基が直接置換している。例えば、HOCH2CH=CHCH2OHのジオールとOCN(CH2)6NCOとの反応のみで得られるポリウレタン樹脂は主鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を含むものである。なお、エチレン性不飽和基含有化合物により、ポリマー末端の封止した部分は側鎖ではない。
また、エチレン性不飽和基とは、臭素価やヨウ素価の測定で消費されるエチレン結合を有する基であり、ベンゼンのような芳香族を示す基ではない。エチレン性不飽和基は置換基を有してもよいビニル基が好ましい。
<< Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin >>
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected according to the purpose. In the present invention, in particular, the acid-modified polyurethane having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain Resins are preferred. In the present invention, the side chain is a chain that is connected by substituting from a chain of atoms constituting the main chain of the polyurethane resin with a branched or substituted atom constituting the main chain, and has an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain. Means that an ethylenically unsaturated group is contained in such a side chain, or an atom constituting the main chain is directly substituted with an ethylenically unsaturated group. For example, a polyurethane resin obtained only by reaction of a diol of HOCH 2 CH═CHCH 2 OH and OCN (CH 2 ) 6 NCO contains an ethylenically unsaturated group in the main chain. In addition, the part by which the polymer terminal was sealed by the ethylenically unsaturated group containing compound is not a side chain.
The ethylenically unsaturated group is a group having an ethylene bond that is consumed in the measurement of bromine value and iodine value, and is not a group showing aromaticity such as benzene. The ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably a vinyl group which may have a substituent.
本発明で使用する酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の好ましい分子量、酸価およびエチレン性不飽和基当量および感光性樹脂組成物の好ましい含有量を以下に説明する。 The preferred molecular weight, acid value, and ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin used in the present invention and the preferred content of the photosensitive resin composition will be described below.
<<分子量>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の質量平均分子量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、質量平均分子量で3,000~60,000が好ましく、3,000~50,000がより好ましく、4,000~30,000が特に好ましい。本発明の感光性樹脂組成物を感光性ソルダーレジストに用いた場合には、このような質量平均分子量の範囲であると、無機フィラーの分散性に優れ、クラック耐性と耐熱性にも優れ、アルカリ性現像液による非画像部の現像性に優れる。
なお、質量平均分子量が、小さすぎると、硬化膜の高温時の十分な低弾性率が得られないことがあり、大きすぎると、塗布適性及び現像性が悪化することがある。
ここで、前記質量平均分子量は、例えば、高速GPC装置(東洋曹達株式会社製、HLC-802A)を使用して、0.5質量%のTHF溶液を試料溶液とし、カラムはTSKgel HZM-M 1本を使用し、200μLの試料を注入し、前記THF溶液で溶離して、25℃で屈折率検出器又はUV検出器(検出波長254nm)により測定し、標準ポリスチレンで較正した分子量分布曲線より質量平均分子量を求めることができる。
<< Molecular weight >>
The mass average molecular weight of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. The mass average molecular weight is preferably 3,000 to 60,000. More preferably, 4,000 to 50,000, particularly preferably 4,000 to 30,000. When the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is used for a photosensitive solder resist, it is excellent in dispersibility of the inorganic filler, excellent in crack resistance and heat resistance, and alkaline in such a mass average molecular weight range. Excellent developability of non-image area by developer.
If the mass average molecular weight is too small, a sufficiently low elastic modulus at a high temperature of the cured film may not be obtained. If it is too large, the coating suitability and developability may be deteriorated.
Here, the mass average molecular weight is determined by using, for example, a high-speed GPC apparatus (manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd., HLC-802A), a 0.5 mass% THF solution as a sample solution, and the column is TSKgel HZM-M 1 Using a book, inject a 200 μL sample, elute with the THF solution, measure with a refractive index detector or UV detector (detection wavelength 254 nm) at 25 ° C., and calibrate the mass from the molecular weight distribution curve calibrated with standard polystyrene. Average molecular weight can be determined.
<<酸価>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の酸価としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、20mgKOH/g~120mgKOH/gが好ましく、30mgKOH/g~110mgKOH/gがより好ましく、35mgKOH/g~100mgKOH/gが特に好ましい。酸価が、低すぎると、現像性が不十分となることがあり、逆に高すぎると、現像速度が高すぎるため現像のコントロールが難しくなることがある。
ここで、酸価は、例えば、JIS K0070に準拠して測定することができる。なお、サンプルが溶解しない場合は、溶媒としてジオキサン又はテトラヒドロフランなどを使用する。なお、酸価は上記樹脂の固形分(不揮発成分)酸価である。
<< Acid value >>
The acid value of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 20 mgKOH / g to 120 mgKOH / g, and 30 mgKOH / g to 110 mgKOH / g is more preferable, and 35 mgKOH / g to 100 mgKOH / g is particularly preferable. If the acid value is too low, the developability may be insufficient. Conversely, if the acid value is too high, the development speed may be too high, making development control difficult.
Here, the acid value can be measured in accordance with, for example, JIS K0070. In addition, when a sample does not melt | dissolve, a dioxane or tetrahydrofuran is used as a solvent. The acid value is the solid content (nonvolatile component) acid value of the resin.
<<エチレン性不飽和基当量>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂のエチレン性不飽和基当量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、0.05mmol/g~3.0mmol/gが好ましく、0.5mmol/g~2.7mmol/gがより好ましく、0.75mmol/g~2.5mmol/gがさらに好ましく、1.00mmol/g以上(好ましくは1.00mmol/g~2.5mmol/g)が特に好ましい。エチレン性不飽和基当量が、小さすぎると、硬化膜の耐熱性が劣ることがある。
ここで、エチレン性不飽和基当量は、例えば、臭素価を測定することにより求めることができる。前記臭素価は、例えば、JIS K2605に準拠して測定することができる。
なお、ここで、エチレン性不飽和当量は、代表的にはビニル基当量であり、上記臭素価で得られた測定する樹脂100gに対して付加した臭素(Br2)のグラム数(gBr2/100g)から、樹脂1g当たりの付加した臭素(Br2)のモル数に変換した値である。
<< Equivalent ethylenically unsaturated group >>
The ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is 0.05 mmol / g to 3.0 mmol / g. Preferably, 0.5 mmol / g to 2.7 mmol / g is more preferable, 0.75 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g is more preferable, and 1.00 mmol / g or more (preferably 1.00 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol) / G) is particularly preferred. If the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent is too small, the heat resistance of the cured film may be inferior.
Here, the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent can be determined, for example, by measuring the bromine number. The bromine number can be measured, for example, according to JIS K2605.
Here, the ethylenically unsaturated equivalent is typically a vinyl group equivalent, and the number of grams of bromine (Br 2 ) added to 100 g of the resin to be measured obtained by the bromine number (gBr 2 / 100 g) is converted to the number of moles of added bromine (Br 2 ) per 1 g of resin.
<<芳香族部分の含有率>>
本発明において、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂は、該ポリウレタン樹脂中に占める芳香族部分の比率が30質量%以上であることが好ましく、30質量%~60質量%がより好ましく、33質量%~55質量%が更に好ましく、35%質量%~50質量%が特に好ましい。ポリウレタン樹脂中に占める芳香族部分の比率が低すぎると、硬化後の膜の硬度が低下してしまうことがある。
ここで、芳香族という用語は、文献、特にJerry MARCH,MARCH’S Advanced Organic Chemistry,第5版,John Wiley and Sons,2001,37頁以下に定義されているような芳香族の慣用概念を意味する。芳香族とは炭化水素環およびヘテロ環で芳香族性を示すものが好ましく、本発明においては、炭化水素環がより好ましい。
本発明における上記の芳香族部分の質量は、芳香環の骨格を構成する原子並びに該原子に結合する水素原子の総質量を意味する。また、2つの芳香環が-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-で連結されている場合は、この連結部分の質量を加えた総質量を意味する。
2つの芳香環が上記の連結基で連結されている場合とは、例えば2つの芳香環がベンゼン環である場、以下の一般式(UB)で表され、XL1が-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-である場合である。なお、Ru1~Ru8は水素原子または置換基である。
<< Content of aromatic part >>
In the present invention, the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin preferably has a ratio of aromatic moieties in the polyurethane resin of 30% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass to 60% by mass, It is more preferably 33% by mass to 55% by mass, and particularly preferably 35% by mass to 50% by mass. If the ratio of the aromatic portion in the polyurethane resin is too low, the hardness of the cured film may be lowered.
Here, the term aromatic means the conventional concept of aromatics as defined in the literature, particularly Jerry MARCH, MARCH'S Advanced Organic Chemistry, 5th edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2001, page 37 and below. To do. The aromatic is preferably a hydrocarbon ring or a hetero ring that exhibits aromaticity, and in the present invention, a hydrocarbon ring is more preferable.
The mass of the aromatic moiety in the present invention means the total mass of atoms constituting the skeleton of the aromatic ring and hydrogen atoms bonded to the atoms. In addition, two aromatic rings are —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or —C (═O) —. When it is connected, it means the total mass including the mass of this connected part.
The case where two aromatic rings are connected by the above linking group is, for example, when the two aromatic rings are benzene rings, represented by the following general formula (UB), and X L1 is —CH 2 —, — This is the case when CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, —O— or —C (═O) —. R u1 to R u8 are a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
例えば、(A)の場合、連結部のXL1が-CH(CH3)-であることから、この-CH(CH3)-の質量を加えることになる。逆に、(B)の場合、連結部のXL1が-C(=O)-O-であり、これは上記のXL1の規定を満たさないことから、この質量を芳香族部分の質量には加えない。なお、芳香族部分の質量には芳香環に置換する置換基は上記の連結基以外は加えない。
このため、(A)の場合の芳香族部分の質量は、一方のベンゼン環部分が炭素原子6個、水素原子3個、連結部が炭素原子2個、水素原子4個、残りのベンゼン環部分が炭素原子6個、水素原子3個である。この結果、芳香族部分の質量として考慮するのは、炭素原子14個、水素原子10個の部分となる。
一方、(B)の場合は、-C(=O)-O-部分を加えないことから、芳香族部分の質量として考慮するのは、炭素原子12個、水素原子6個の部分となる。
For example, in the case of (A), since X L1 of the connecting portion is —CH (CH 3 ) —, the mass of —CH (CH 3 ) — is added. On the other hand, in the case of (B), X L1 of the connecting portion is —C (═O) —O—, which does not satisfy the above-mentioned definition of X L1 , so this mass is converted to the mass of the aromatic moiety. Do not add. In addition, the substituent substituted by an aromatic ring is not added to the mass of an aromatic part other than said coupling group.
Therefore, the mass of the aromatic moiety in the case of (A) is such that one benzene ring part has 6 carbon atoms, 3 hydrogen atoms, the connecting part has 2 carbon atoms, 4 hydrogen atoms, and the remaining benzene ring part Are 6 carbon atoms and 3 hydrogen atoms. As a result, the mass of the aromatic portion is considered to be a portion of 14 carbon atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms.
On the other hand, in the case of (B), since the —C (═O) —O— moiety is not added, the mass of the aromatic portion is considered to be the portion of 12 carbon atoms and 6 hydrogen atoms.
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂中の芳香族部分は、少なくとも上記一般式(UB)で表される部分構造を有することが好ましく、中でもRu1~Ru8がいずれも水素原子であるものが好ましく、XL1が-CH2-であるものが好ましい。
また、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂中の前記一般式(UB)で表される部分構造(前述の芳香族部分の部分構造)の含有率が30質量%以上である場合が、より好ましい。
この一般式(UB)で表される部分構造が、下記一般式(UNCO)で表される部分構造である場合がさらに好ましい。
The aromatic moiety in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin preferably has at least a partial structure represented by the general formula (UB), and among them, R u1 to R u8 are all hydrogen atoms. In which X L1 is —CH 2 — is preferable.
Moreover, when the content rate of the partial structure represented by the general formula (UB) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin (partial structure of the above-described aromatic portion) is 30% by mass or more, More preferred.
More preferably, the partial structure represented by the general formula (UB) is a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UNCO).
以下に、本発明において好ましい側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有する酸変性ポリウレタン樹脂を説明する。
側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有する酸変性ポリウレタン樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、その側鎖に、下記一般式(1)~(3)で表される官能基のうち少なくとも1つを有するものが挙げられる。
Below, the acid-modified polyurethane resin which has an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain preferable in this invention is demonstrated.
The acid-modified polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, the following general formulas (1) to (3) are added to the side chain. What has at least 1 among the functional groups represented by these is mentioned.
一般式(1)~(3)において、R1~R11は各々独立に、水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。ここで、1価の有機基としては、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基、アリール基、ヘテロ環基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アシルアミノ基、スルホンアミド基、アルキルもしくはアリールスルホニル基、アルキルもしくはアリールスルフィニル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、カルバモイル基、スルファモイル基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ウレイド基、ウレタン基などが挙げられ、これらの基はさらにこれらの置換基で置換されていてもよい。なお、以降の各基や各一般式における1価の有機基もしくは置換基も同様の基が挙げられる。 In the general formulas (1) to (3), R 1 to R 11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. Here, examples of the monovalent organic group include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, and an arylthio group. , Amino group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, acylamino group, sulfonamido group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl Group, hydroxyl group, mercapto group, cyano group, nitro group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, ureido group, urethane group and the like, and these groups may be further substituted with these substituents. In addition, the same group is mentioned also in each subsequent group and the monovalent organic group or substituent in each general formula.
R1は水素原子または置換基を有してもよいアルキル基が好ましく、中でも、ラジカル反応性が高い点で、水素原子、メチル基がより好ましい。また、R2、R3、R4~R8、R10およびR11は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、スルホ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基、置換基を有してもよいアルコキシ基、置換基を有してもよいアリールオキシ基、置換基を有してもよいアルキルアミノ基、置換基を有してもよいアリールアミノ基、置換基を有してもよいアルキルスルホニル基、置換基を有してもよいアリールスルホニル基が好ましく、中でも、ラジカル反応性が高い点で、水素原子、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有してもよいアルキル基、置換基を有してもよいアリール基がより好ましい。
R9は水素原子または置換基を有してもよいアルキル基が好ましく、中でも、ラジカル反応性が高い点で、水素原子、メチル基がより好ましい。
R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent. Among them, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity. R 2 , R 3 , R 4 to R 8 , R 10 and R 11 have a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, amino group, carboxyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, sulfo group, nitro group, cyano group or substituent. An alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, an alkoxy group which may have a substituent, an aryloxy group which may have a substituent, an alkyl which may have a substituent An amino group, an arylamino group which may have a substituent, an alkylsulfonyl group which may have a substituent, and an arylsulfonyl group which may have a substituent are preferable, and among them, the radical reactivity is high. , A hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and an aryl group which may have a substituent are more preferable.
R 9 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group which may have a substituent. Among them, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
XおよびYは各々独立に、酸素原子、硫黄原子、又は-N(R12)-を表し、R12は水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。R12は置換基を有してもよいアルキル基が好ましく、中でも、ラジカル反応性が高い点で、水素原子、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基がより好ましい。
Zは、酸素原子、硫黄原子、-N(R13)-または置換基を有してもよいフェニレン基を表す。R13は水素原子または1価の有機基を表す。R13は置換基を有してもよいアルキル基が好ましく、中でも、ラジカル反応性が高い点で、メチル基、エチル基、イソプロピル基がより好ましい。
X and Y each independently represent an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or —N (R 12 ) —, and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. R 12 is preferably an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and among them, a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an isopropyl group are more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
Z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, —N (R 13 ) —, or an optionally substituted phenylene group. R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group. R 13 is preferably an alkyl group which may have a substituent, and among them, a methyl group, an ethyl group, and an isopropyl group are more preferable in terms of high radical reactivity.
ここで、上記の各基が有してもよい置換基(置換基を有してもよいアルキル基等における、有してもよい置換基)としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、前記の1価の有機基で挙げた基が挙げられ、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アシルアミノ基、カルバモイル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基が好ましい。 Here, the substituent that each of the above groups may have (substituent that may be present in an alkyl group that may have a substituent) is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the groups mentioned in the above-mentioned monovalent organic groups can be mentioned, and halogen atoms, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, alkylthio groups, arylthio groups Amino group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, acylamino group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, nitro group, and cyano group are preferred.
一般式(1)~(3)で表される基のうち、一般式(1)で表される基が好ましく、架橋硬化膜形成性の点で、一般式(1)におけるR1がメチル基でかつR2とR3が水素原子である基、一般式(1)におけるR1~R3がいずれも水素原子である基、一般式(3)におけるZがフェニレン基であるスチリル基が好ましく、一般式(1)におけるR1がメチル基でかつR2とR3が水素原子である基、一般式(1)におけるR1~R3がいずれも水素原子である基がより好ましく、架橋硬化膜の形成性と生保存性との両立の点で、一般式(1)におけるR1がメチル基でかつR2とR3が水素原子である基が特に好ましい。ここで、一般式(1)におけるXは酸素原子が好ましく、エチレン性不飽和基としては、メタクリロイルオキシ基またはアクリロイルオキシ基がなかでも好ましく、メタクリロイルオキシ基が最も好ましい。 Of the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3), the group represented by the general formula (1) is preferable, and R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group from the viewpoint of forming a crosslinked cured film. And a group in which R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms, a group in which R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) are all hydrogen atoms, and a styryl group in which Z in the general formula (3) is a phenylene group are preferable. A group in which R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group and R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms, and a group in which all of R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) are hydrogen atoms are more preferable. From the viewpoint of achieving both the formability of the cured film and the raw storage stability, a group in which R 1 in the general formula (1) is a methyl group and R 2 and R 3 are hydrogen atoms is particularly preferable. Here, X in the general formula (1) is preferably an oxygen atom, and the ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably a methacryloyloxy group or an acryloyloxy group, and most preferably a methacryloyloxy group.
側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を導入するには、(i)エチレン性不飽和基をジイソシアネート化合物またはジオール化合物に有する化合物との重合反応で得る方法と、(ii)カルボキシル基含有ポリウレタンと、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得る方法がある。
以後、(i)の方法で得られたポリウレタン樹脂をポリウレタン樹脂(i)とも称し、(ii)の方法で得られたポリウレタン樹脂をポリウレタン樹脂(ii)とも称す。また、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂とはポリウレタン樹脂(i)と(ii)の両方を含むものである。
本発明においては、(i)の方法で得られたポリウレタン樹脂(i)が好ましい。
In order to introduce an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain, (i) a method obtained by a polymerization reaction with a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in a diisocyanate compound or a diol compound, (ii) a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane, and a molecule There is a method obtained by reacting an epoxy group with a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group.
Hereinafter, the polyurethane resin obtained by the method (i) is also referred to as polyurethane resin (i), and the polyurethane resin obtained by the method (ii) is also referred to as polyurethane resin (ii). The polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain includes both polyurethane resins (i) and (ii).
In the present invention, the polyurethane resin (i) obtained by the method (i) is preferred.
-ポリウレタン樹脂(i)-
ポリウレタン樹脂は、ジイソシアネート化合物とジオール化合物(少なくとも2つの水酸基を有する化合物)との反応で合成され、ポリウレタン樹脂(i)は、下記一般式(4)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物の少なくとも1種と、下記一般式(5)で表されるジオール化合物の少なくとも1種と、の反応生成物で表される構造単位を基本骨格とするポリウレタン樹脂である。
-Polyurethane resin (i)-
The polyurethane resin is synthesized by a reaction of a diisocyanate compound and a diol compound (a compound having at least two hydroxyl groups), and the polyurethane resin (i) is composed of at least one diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula (4): It is a polyurethane resin having as a basic skeleton a structural unit represented by a reaction product of at least one diol compound represented by the following general formula (5).
OCN-X0-NCO ・・・ 一般式(4)
HO-Y0-OH ・・・・・ 一般式(5)
OCN-X 0 -NCO General formula (4)
HO-Y 0 -OH ... General formula (5)
一般式(4)及び(5)において、X0及びY0は、各々独立に2価の有機残基を表す。 In the general formulas (4) and (5), X 0 and Y 0 each independently represent a divalent organic residue.
前記一般式(4)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物または前記一般式(5)で表されるジオール化合物の少なくともどちらか一方が、前記一般式(1)~(3)で表される基のうち少なくとも1つを有していれば、当該ジイソシアネート化合物と当該ジオール化合物との反応生成物として、側鎖に前記一般式(1)~(3)で表される基が導入されたポリウレタン樹脂が生成される。かかる方法によれば、ポリウレタン樹脂の反応生成後に所望の側鎖を置換、導入するよりも、側鎖に前記一般式(1)~(3)で表される基が導入されたポリウレタン樹脂を容易に製造することができる。 At least one of the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) and the diol compound represented by the general formula (5) is at least one of the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3). If one is present, a polyurethane resin in which the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) are introduced into the side chain is generated as a reaction product of the diisocyanate compound and the diol compound. The According to such a method, a polyurethane resin in which the groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) are introduced into the side chain can be easily used, rather than replacing and introducing a desired side chain after the reaction of the polyurethane resin. Can be manufactured.
前記一般式(4)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物としては、特に制限されるものではなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、トリイソシアネート化合物と、不飽和基を有する単官能のアルコール又は単官能のアミン化合物1当量とを付加反応させて得られる生成物、などが挙げられる。
前記トリイソシアネート化合物としては、特に制限されるものではなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0034〕~〔0035〕に記載された化合物、などが挙げられる。
The diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, a triisocyanate compound and a monofunctional alcohol having an unsaturated group Or the product obtained by addition-reacting with 1 equivalent of monofunctional amine compounds is mentioned.
The triisocyanate compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the compounds described in paragraphs [0034] to [0035] of JP-A-2005-250438, Etc.
前記不飽和基を有する単官能のアルコール又は前記単官能のアミン化合物としては、特に制限されるものではなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0037〕~〔0040〕に記載された化合物、などが挙げられる。 The monofunctional alcohol having an unsaturated group or the monofunctional amine compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, paragraphs of JP-A-2005-250438 And the compounds described in [0037] to [0040].
側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を含有するジイソシアネート化合物を用いる方法におけるジイソシアネート化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、トリイソシアネート化合物と不飽和基を有する単官能のアルコール又は単官能のアミン化合物1当量とを付加反応させることにより得ることできるジイソシアネート化合物であって、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0042〕~〔0049〕に記載された側鎖に不飽和基を有する化合物、などが挙げられる。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a diisocyanate compound in the method using the diisocyanate compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in a side chain, According to the objective, it can select suitably, The monofunctional compound which has a triisocyanate compound and an unsaturated group A diisocyanate compound obtained by addition reaction of 1 equivalent of an alcohol or a monofunctional amine compound, for example, in the side chain described in paragraphs [0042] to [0049] of JP-A-2005-250438 And compounds having an unsaturated group.
ポリウレタン樹脂(i)は、重合性組成物中の他の成分との相溶性を向上させ、保存安定性を向上させるといった観点から、前記エチレン性不飽和基を含有するジイソシアネート化合物以外のジイソシアネート化合物を共重合させることもできる。 The polyurethane resin (i) is a diisocyanate compound other than the diisocyanate compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group, from the viewpoint of improving compatibility with other components in the polymerizable composition and improving storage stability. It can also be copolymerized.
前記共重合させるジイソシアネート化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することでき、例えば、下記一般式(6)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物である。 The diisocyanate compound to be copolymerized is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, it is a diisocyanate compound represented by the following general formula (6).
OCN-L1-NCO ・・・ 一般式(6) OCN-L 1 -NCO General formula (6)
一般式(6)において、L1は置換基を有していてもよい2価の脂肪族又は芳香族炭化水素基を表す。必要に応じ、L1はイソシアネート基と反応しない他の官能基、例えば、エステル基、ウレタン基、アミド基、ウレイド基を有していてもよい。 In General formula (6), L < 1 > represents the bivalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent. If necessary, L 1 may have another functional group that does not react with an isocyanate group, for example, an ester group, a urethane group, an amide group, or a ureido group.
前記一般式(6)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することでき、例えば、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネート、2,4-トリレンジイソシアネートの二量体、2,6-トリレンジイソシアネート、p-キシリレンジイソシアネート、m-キシリレンジイソシアネート、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、1,5-ナフチレンジイソシアネート、3,3’-ジメチルビフェニル-4,4’-ジイソシアネート等のような芳香族ジイソシアネート化合物;ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート、ダイマー酸ジイソシアネート等の脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物;イソホロンジイソシアネート、4,4’-メチレンビス(シクロヘキシルイソシアネート)、メチルシクロヘキサン-2,4(又は2,6)ジイソシアネート、1,3-(イソシアネートメチル)シクロヘキサン等の脂環族ジイソシアネート化合物;1,3-ブチレングリコール1モルとトリレンジイソシアネート2モルとの付加体等のジオールとジイソシアネートとの反応物であるジイソシアネート化合物;などが挙げられる。 The diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (6) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, dimer of 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, p-xylylene diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, 3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4 ' An aromatic diisocyanate compound such as diisocyanate; an aliphatic diisocyanate compound such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate; isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-me Alicyclic diisocyanate compounds such as lenbis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), methylcyclohexane-2,4 (or 2,6) diisocyanate, 1,3- (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane; 1 mol of 1,3-butylene glycol and tolylene diisocyanate 2 A diisocyanate compound which is a reaction product of a diol such as an adduct with a mole and a diisocyanate;
一般式(4)または(6)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物(特に一般式(6)で表されるジイソシアネート化合物)は異なる種類のものを組み合わせて用いてもよいが、耐折性を向上できる点で、少なくとも1種は芳香族のジイソシアネート化合物であることが好ましい。芳香族のジイソシアネート化合物としては、例えばビスフェノールA型、ビスフェノールF型、ビフェニル型、ナフタレン型、フェナントレン型、又はアントラセン型の骨格を有するジイソシアネート化合物であることが好ましく、ビスフェノールA型又はビスフェノールF型の骨格を有するジイソシアネート化合物であることがより好ましく、ビスフェノールF型の骨格を有するジイソシアネート化合物が最も好ましい。
これらの各型の骨格は、下記一般式で表される。
The diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (4) or (6) (particularly the diisocyanate compound represented by the general formula (6)) may be used in combination of different types, but the folding resistance can be improved. At least one of them is preferably an aromatic diisocyanate compound. The aromatic diisocyanate compound is preferably a diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, biphenyl type, naphthalene type, phenanthrene type, or anthracene type skeleton, for example, a bisphenol A type or bisphenol F type skeleton. A diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol F type skeleton is most preferable.
Each of these types of skeletons is represented by the following general formula.
上記において、Ra、Rbは各々独立に置換基を表し、置換基としては炭素数が2~5のアルキル基が好ましい。l1およびl2は各々独立に0~4の整数を表す。l1およびl2は0または1が好ましい。l3は0~6の整数を表す。l4は0~8の整数を表す。l3は0~2が好ましく、l4は0または2が好ましい。l1~l4が2以上の時、複数のRa、Rbは互いに同一でも異なってもよい。 In the above, R a and R b each independently represent a substituent, and the substituent is preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. l 1 and l 2 each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4. l 1 and l 2 are preferably 0 or 1. l 3 represents an integer of 0 to 6. l 4 represents an integer of 0 to 8. l 3 is preferably from 0 to 2, and l 4 is preferably 0 or 2. When l 1 to l 4 are 2 or more, a plurality of R a and R b may be the same or different from each other.
前記ジイソシアネート化合物は芳香族のジイソシアネート化合物と脂肪族のジイソシアネート化合物を組み合わせることが、硬化後の反りを抑制し耐折性を向上する観点でより好ましい。芳香族のジイソシアネート化合物としては例えばビスフェノールA型、ビスフェノールF型、ビフェニル型、ナフタレン型、フェナントレン型、又はアントラセン型の骨格を有するジイソシアネート化合物であることが好ましく、ビスフェノールA型又はビスフェノールF型の骨格を有するジイソシアネート化合物であることがより好ましい。脂肪族のジイソシアネート化合物としては例えばヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、リジンジイソシアネート、ダイマー酸ジイソシアネートが好ましく、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートがより好ましい。 The diisocyanate compound is more preferably a combination of an aromatic diisocyanate compound and an aliphatic diisocyanate compound from the viewpoint of suppressing warping after curing and improving folding resistance. The aromatic diisocyanate compound is preferably a diisocyanate compound having a bisphenol A-type, bisphenol F-type, biphenyl-type, naphthalene-type, phenanthrene-type, or anthracene-type skeleton, such as a bisphenol A-type or bisphenol F-type skeleton. The diisocyanate compound is more preferable. As the aliphatic diisocyanate compound, for example, hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, and dimer acid diisocyanate are preferable, and hexamethylene diisocyanate and trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate are more preferable.
前記ジイソシアネート化合物は、下記一般式(UB1)で表される化合物が特に好ましく、得られるポリウレタン樹脂は、一般式(UNCO)の部分構造を有することになる。 The diisocyanate compound is particularly preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (UB1), and the resulting polyurethane resin has a partial structure of the general formula (UNCO).
一般式(UB1)および(UNCO)において、XL1は、単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-SO2-、-S-、-O-または-C(=O)-を表し、Ru1~Ru8は各々独立に水素原子または置換基を表す。 In the general formulas (UB1) and (UNCO), X L1 represents a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —SO 2 —, —S—, — O— or —C (═O) —, wherein R u1 to R u8 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
前記一般式(5)で表されるジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ポリエーテルジオール化合物、ポリエステルジオール化合物、ポリカーボネートジオール化合物、などが挙げられる。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a diol compound represented by the said General formula (5), According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a polyether diol compound, a polyester diol compound, a polycarbonate diol compound etc. are mentioned. .
ここで、ポリウレタン樹脂の側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を導入する方法としては、前述の方法の他に、ポリウレタン樹脂製造の原料として、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を含有するジオール化合物を用いる方法が好ましい。前記側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を含有するジオール化合物は、例えば、トリメチロールプロパンモノアリルエーテルのように市販されているものでもよいし、ハロゲン化ジオール化合物、トリオール化合物、アミノジオール化合物等の化合物と、不飽和基を含有する、カルボン酸、酸塩化物、イソシアネート、アルコール、アミン、チオール、ハロゲン化アルキル化合物等の化合物との反応により製造される化合物であってもよい。 Here, as a method for introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain of the polyurethane resin, in addition to the above-described method, a diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain is used as a raw material for producing the polyurethane resin. The method is preferred. The diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain may be a commercially available compound such as trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, or a compound such as a halogenated diol compound, a triol compound, or an aminodiol compound. And a compound produced by a reaction with an unsaturated group-containing compound such as carboxylic acid, acid chloride, isocyanate, alcohol, amine, thiol, or halogenated alkyl compound.
このようなエチレン性不飽和基を有するジオール化合物としては、下記一般式(UE)で表される化合物が好ましく、ポリウレタン樹脂中には、下記一般式(UE1)で表される部分構造を有することになる。 As such a diol compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group, a compound represented by the following general formula (UE) is preferable, and the polyurethane resin has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (UE1). become.
一般式(UE)、(UE1)において、LUEは主鎖の結合に-NHC(=O)O-もしくは-OC(=O)NH-を含まない2価の連結基であって、かつ側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を1つ有する2価の連結基を表す。
LUEは、2つの水酸基(HO基)を結合する最短の結合鎖中に芳香環を含まないことが好ましく、-O-、-S-を最短の結合鎖中に含有してもよい2価の脂肪族基であることがより好ましく、2価の脂肪族基であることがさらに好ましく、アルキレン基であることが特に好ましい。また、2つの水酸基(HO基)を結合する最短の結合鎖中の炭素数は、2~12が好ましく、2~6がより好ましく、2~4がさらに好ましく、2が最も好ましい。LUEにおける2価の連結基は置換基として、エチレン性不飽和基を1つ有すが、これ以外に、エチレン性不飽和基でない置換基を有してもよく、このような置換基としては、前記一般式(1)~(3)のR1~R11で挙げた1価の有機基が挙げられる。
In the general formulas (UE) and (UE1), L UE is a divalent linking group that does not contain —NHC (═O) O— or —OC (═O) NH— in the main chain bond, Represents a divalent linking group having one ethylenically unsaturated group in the chain.
L UE preferably does not contain an aromatic ring in the shortest bond chain connecting two hydroxyl groups (HO groups), and may contain —O— and —S— in the shortest bond chain. The aliphatic group is more preferably a divalent aliphatic group, and an alkylene group is particularly preferable. The number of carbon atoms in the shortest bond chain that connects two hydroxyl groups (HO groups) is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and most preferably 2. The divalent linking group in L UE has one ethylenically unsaturated group as a substituent, but in addition to this, it may have a substituent that is not an ethylenically unsaturated group. Includes the monovalent organic groups listed as R 1 to R 11 in the general formulas (1) to (3).
本発明においては、エチレン性不飽和基を有する基が前記一般式(1)で表される基である場合、LUEの主鎖に、α位もしくはβ位に、水酸基またはアシル基を有すアルキルオキシカルボニル基で結合しない場合が好ましい。
一般式(UE)で表される化合物は、下記一般式(UE-1)~(UE-6)で表される化合物が好ましい。なお、下記一般式(UE-7)で表される化合物は、前記一般式(UE)で表される化合物以外に好ましい化合物である。
In the present invention, when a group having an ethylenically unsaturated group is a group represented by the general formula (1), the main chain of L UE, the α-position or β-position, having a hydroxyl group or an acyl group The case where it does not couple | bond with an alkyloxycarbonyl group is preferable.
The compound represented by the general formula (UE) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-6). The compound represented by the following general formula (UE-7) is a preferable compound other than the compound represented by the general formula (UE).
一般式(UE-1)~(UE-7)において、E1は単結合または2価の連結基(2価の有機残基)を表し、E2は単結合または-CH2-以外の2価の連結基を表す。Aは2価の連結基を表す。Qは前記一般式(1)~(3)のいずれかの基を表す。E1、E2における2価の連結基としては、例えば、-O-、-S-、-OCH(CH2-Q)CH2-、-CO2-CH2-、-OCH2C(CH2-Q)2CH2-、-O-CONHCH2CH2-、-OC(=O)-、-CONHCH2CH2-、-CH2C(CH2-Q)2CH2-、-CH2-、-NHCONHCH2CH2-、-NHCH(CH2-Q)CH2-、-NCH(CH2-Q)CH2-、-NHCH2C(CH2-Q)2CH2-、-NH-CH(CH2-Q)CH2-、-C(=O)-、-CO2-CH2CH2-、-CO2-CH2CH2CH2-等が挙げられる。なお、ここで、Qは一般式(1)~(3)のいずれかの基を表す。
これらの具体的な化合物は特開2005-250438号公報の段落「0057」~「0060」に記載された化合物が挙げられる。
In the general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-7), E 1 represents a single bond or a divalent linking group (a divalent organic residue), and E 2 represents a single bond or 2 other than —CH 2 —. Represents a valent linking group. A represents a divalent linking group. Q represents any group of the general formulas (1) to (3). Examples of the divalent linking group for E 1 and E 2 include —O—, —S—, —OCH (CH 2 —Q) CH 2 —, —CO 2 —CH 2 —, —OCH 2 C (CH 2 -Q) 2 CH 2- , -O-CONHCH 2 CH 2- , -OC (= O)-, -CONHCH 2 CH 2- , -CH 2 C (CH 2 -Q) 2 CH 2- , -CH 2 -, - NHCONHCH 2 CH 2 -, - NHCH (CH 2 -Q) CH 2 -, - NCH (CH 2 -Q) CH 2 -, - NHCH 2 C (CH 2 -Q) 2 CH 2 -, - NH—CH (CH 2 —Q) CH 2 —, —C (═O) —, —CO 2 —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CO 2 —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — and the like can be mentioned. Here, Q represents any group of the general formulas (1) to (3).
Specific examples of these compounds include compounds described in paragraphs “0057” to “0060” of JP-A-2005-250438.
上記一般式(UE-1)~(UE-7)で表される化合物のうち、前記一般式(UE-1)~(UE-6)で表される化合物が好ましく、前記一般式(UE-6)で表される化合物がさらに好ましい。また、一般式(UE-6)で表される化合物のなかでも、下記一般式(G)で表される化合物が特に好ましい。なお、一般式(G)で表される化合物は、ポリウレタン樹脂中では、下記一般式(G1)で表される部分構造となる。 Of the compounds represented by the general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-7), the compounds represented by the general formulas (UE-1) to (UE-6) are preferable, and the general formulas (UE- The compound represented by 6) is more preferable. Of the compounds represented by the general formula (UE-6), compounds represented by the following general formula (G) are particularly preferable. The compound represented by the general formula (G) has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (G1) in the polyurethane resin.
一般式(G)、(G1)において、R1~R3は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は1価の有機基を表し、Aは2価の有機残基を表し、Xは、酸素原子、硫黄原子、又は-N(R12)-を表し、R12は、水素原子、又は1価の有機基を表す。
なお、前記一般式(G)、(G1)におけるR1~R3及びXは、前記一般式(1)におけるR1~R3及びXと同義であり、好ましい態様もまた同様である。
一般式(G)で表される化合物は、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0064〕~〔0066〕に記載された化合物が挙げられ、本発明に好ましい。
前記一般式(G)で表されるジオール化合物に由来するポリウレタン樹脂を用いることにより、立体障害の大きい2級アルコールに起因するポリマー主鎖の過剰な分子運動を抑制効果により、層の被膜強度の向上が達成できるものと考えられる。
In the general formulas (G) and (G1), R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, A represents a divalent organic residue, X represents an oxygen atom, sulfur Represents an atom or —N (R 12 ) —, and R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
Incidentally, the general formula (G), R 1 ~ R 3 and X in (G1), said a general formula (1) the same meaning as R 1 ~ R 3 and X in preferred embodiments versa.
Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (G) include compounds described in paragraphs [0064] to [0066] of JP-A-2005-250438, and are preferable in the present invention.
By using the polyurethane resin derived from the diol compound represented by the general formula (G), the effect of suppressing the excessive molecular movement of the polymer main chain caused by the secondary alcohol having a large steric hindrance can be reduced. It is thought that improvement can be achieved.
本発明のポリウレタン樹脂(i)は酸変性であり、ここでの酸変性の定義は、当該ポリウレタン樹脂のポリマーが酸基を有していることを示す。ここでの、酸基としては、特に制限は無く、カルボキシル基、スルホ基などが挙げられる。現像性の観点から、カルボキシル基を有することが好ましい。ポリウレタン樹脂(i)の合成には、カルボキシル基を有するジオール化合物を使用することで、酸変性することが好ましい。前記カルボキシル基を有するジオール化合物としては、例えば、以下の一般式(17)~(19)に示すものが含まれる。 The polyurethane resin (i) of the present invention is acid-modified, and the definition of acid modification here indicates that the polymer of the polyurethane resin has an acid group. The acid group here is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a carboxyl group and a sulfo group. From the viewpoint of developability, it preferably has a carboxyl group. For the synthesis of the polyurethane resin (i), it is preferable to use acid-modified by using a diol compound having a carboxyl group. Examples of the diol compound having a carboxyl group include those represented by the following general formulas (17) to (19).
一般式(17)~(19)において、R15は、水素原子又は置換基(例えば、シアノ基、ニトロ基、-F、-Cl、-Br、-I等のハロゲン原子、-CONH2、-COOR16、-OR16、-NHCONHR16、-NHCOOR16、-NHCOR16、-OCONHR16(ここで、R16は、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、又は炭素数7~15のアラルキル基を表す。)などの各基が含まれる。)を有していてもよいアルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基を表すものである限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、水素原子、炭素数1~8個のアルキル基、炭素数6~15個のアリール基が好ましい。 In the general formulas (17) to (19), R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent (for example, a cyano group, a nitro group, a halogen atom such as —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, etc.), —CONH 2 , — COOR 16 , —OR 16 , —NHCONHR 16 , —NHCOOR 16 , —NHCOR 16 , —OCONHR 16 (wherein R 16 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms) As long as it represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, or an aryloxy group, which may have a group, and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. A hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms are preferable.
一般式(17)~(19)中、L9、L10、L11は、それぞれ同一でもよいし、相違していてもよく、単結合、置換基(例えば、アルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。)を有していてもよい2価の脂肪族又は芳香族炭化水素基を表すものである限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、炭素数1~20個のアルキレン基、炭素数6~15個のアリーレン基が好ましく、炭素数1~8個のアルキレン基がより好ましい。また必要に応じ、前記L9~L11中にイソシアネート基と反応しない他の官能基、例えば、カルボニル基、エステル基、ウレタン基、アミド基、ウレイド基、エーテル基を有していてもよい。なお、前記R15、L9、L10、L11のうちの2個又は3個で環を形成してもよい。
一般式(18)中、Arとしては、置換基を有していてもよい3価の芳香族炭化水素基を表すものである限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、炭素数6~15個の芳香族基が好ましい。
In the general formulas (17) to (19), L 9 , L 10 and L 11 may be the same or different from each other, and may be a single bond, a substituent (for example, an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group). As long as it represents a divalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group that may have an alkyl group, and an alkoxy group and a halogen atom are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms are preferable, and an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is more preferable. If necessary, the L 9 to L 11 may have another functional group that does not react with an isocyanate group, for example, a carbonyl group, an ester group, a urethane group, an amide group, a ureido group, or an ether group. In addition, you may form a ring by two or three of said R < 15 >, L < 9 >, L < 10 >, L < 11 >.
In the general formula (18), Ar is not particularly limited as long as it represents a trivalent aromatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, an aromatic group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms is preferred.
前記一般式(17)~(19)で表されるカルボキシル基を有するジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、3,5-ジヒドロキシ安息香酸、2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピオン酸、2,2-ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)プロピオン酸、2,2-ビス(3-ヒドロキシプロピル)プロピオン酸、ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)酢酸、ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)酢酸、2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)酪酸、4,4-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ペンタン酸、酒石酸、N,N-ジヒドロキシエチルグリシン、N,N―ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-3-カルボキシ-プロピオンアミドなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The diol compound having a carboxyl group represented by the general formulas (17) to (19) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2 , 2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) propionic acid, 2,2-bis (3-hydroxypropyl) propionic acid, bis (hydroxymethyl) acetic acid, bis (4- Hydroxyphenyl) acetic acid, 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) butyric acid, 4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) pentanoic acid, tartaric acid, N, N-dihydroxyethylglycine, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) ) -3-carboxy-propionamide and the like. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
カルボキシル基を有するジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2007-2030号公報の段落〔0047〕に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。 The diol compound having a carboxyl group is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include compounds described in paragraph [0047] of JP-A-2007-2030.
このようなカルボキシル基の存在により、ポリウレタン樹脂に水素結合性とアルカリ可溶性といった特性を付与できるため好ましい。このようにカルボキシル基を導入することにより、酸価を、前述のような、本発明において好ましい範囲に調整することができる。 It is preferable because the presence of such a carboxyl group can impart properties such as hydrogen bonding and alkali solubility to the polyurethane resin. By introducing a carboxyl group in this way, the acid value can be adjusted to the preferred range in the present invention as described above.
このようなカルボキシル基の存在により、ポリウレタン樹脂に水素結合性とアルカリ可溶性といった特性を付与できるため好ましい。このようにカルボキシル基を導入することにより、酸価を、前述のような、本発明において好ましい範囲に調整することができる。 It is preferable because the presence of such a carboxyl group can impart properties such as hydrogen bonding and alkali solubility to the polyurethane resin. By introducing a carboxyl group in this way, the acid value can be adjusted to the preferred range in the present invention as described above.
また、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂の合成には、上述したジオール化合物の他に、テトラカルボン酸二無水物をジオール化合物で開環させた化合物を併用することもできる。
前記テトラカルボン酸二無水物をジオール化合物で開環させた化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0095〕~〔0101〕に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。
Moreover, in the synthesis | combination of the polyurethane resin which has an ethylenically unsaturated bond in a side chain, the compound which ring-opened tetracarboxylic dianhydride with the diol compound other than the diol compound mentioned above can also be used together.
The compound obtained by ring-opening the tetracarboxylic dianhydride with a diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, paragraph [0095] to JP 2005-250438 A And the compounds described in [0101].
ポリウレタン樹脂(i)は、例えば、重合性組成物中の他の成分との相溶性を向上させ、保存安定性を向上させるといった観点から、前記側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を含有するジオール化合物やカルボキシル基を含有するジオール化合物以外のジオール化合物を共重合させることができ、本発明においては、このようなジオール化合物を共重合させることが特に好ましい。
このようなジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、低分子のジオール化合物やポリマージオール化合物であるポリエーテルジオール化合物、ポリエステルジオール化合物、ポリカーボネートジオール化合物、m-ジヒドロキシベンゼンのポリカーボネート化合物などを挙げることできる。
The polyurethane resin (i) is, for example, a diol compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group in the side chain from the viewpoint of improving compatibility with other components in the polymerizable composition and improving storage stability. Or a diol compound other than a diol compound containing a carboxyl group can be copolymerized. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to copolymerize such a diol compound.
Such a diol compound is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a low-molecular diol compound or a polymer diol compound such as a polyether diol compound, a polyester diol compound, a polycarbonate diol compound, Mention may be made of polycarbonate compounds of m-dihydroxybenzene.
このようなジオール化合物は、下記一般式(U)として表され、ポリウレタン樹脂として組み込まれると、下記一般式(U1)で表される部分構造で表される。 Such a diol compound is represented by the following general formula (U) and, when incorporated as a polyurethane resin, is represented by a partial structure represented by the following general formula (U1).
一般式(U)及び(U1)において、LU1はエチレン性不飽和基およびカルボキシル基を含まない2価の連結基を表す。 In the general formulas (U) and (U1), L U1 represents a divalent linking group that does not contain an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group.
LU1は、例えば、アルキレン基、アリーレン基、2価のヘテロ環基が挙げられ、該アルキレン基は、アルキレン基の鎖中に-O-、-OCOO-、フェニレン基、炭素-炭素二重結合、炭素-炭素三重結合、-OCO-Z1-COO-(Z1はアルキレン基、アルケニレン基、アリーレン基を表す。)を含んでもよい。 L U1 includes, for example, an alkylene group, an arylene group, and a divalent heterocyclic group, and the alkylene group includes —O—, —OCOO—, a phenylene group, and a carbon-carbon double bond in the chain of the alkylene group. , A carbon-carbon triple bond, —OCO—Z 1 —COO— (Z 1 represents an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, or an arylene group).
一般式(U)で表されるジオール化合物のうち、低分子のジオール化合物としては、質量平均分子量が400未満のものが好ましく、例えば、特開2007-2030号公報の段落〔0048〕に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。
本発明においては、ポリマージオール化合物が好ましく、以下に詳細に説明する。
Of the diol compounds represented by the general formula (U), the low molecular weight diol compound preferably has a mass average molecular weight of less than 400, and is described, for example, in paragraph [0048] of JP-A-2007-2030. And the like.
In the present invention, a polymer diol compound is preferable and will be described in detail below.
-ポリマージオール化合物-
前記ポリマージオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えばポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリプロピレンオキサイド、エチレンオキサイド/プロピレンオキサイドのブロック共重合体又はランダム共重合体、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、テトラメチレングリコールとネオペンチルグリコールとのブロック共重合体又はランダム共重合体等のポリエーテルジオール類;多価アルコール又はポリエーテルジオールと無水マレイン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、無水イタコン酸、イタコン酸、アジピン酸、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸等の多塩基酸との縮合物であるポリエステルジオール類;グリコール又はビスフェノールと炭酸エステルとの反応、あるいは、グリコール又はビスフェノールにアルカリの存在下でホスゲンを作用させる反応などで得られるポリカーボネートジオール類;カプロラクトン変性ポリテトラメチレンジオール等のカプロラクトン変性ポリマージオール、ポリオレフィン系ポリマージオール、水添ポリブタジエンジオール等のポリブタジエン系ポリマージオール、シリコーン系ポリマージオールなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
-Polymer diol compound-
The polymer diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymer or random copolymer Polyether diols such as coalesced polytetramethylene glycol, block copolymer or random copolymer of tetramethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol; polyhydric alcohol or polyether diol and maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid, Polyester diols that are condensates of polybasic acids such as itaconic anhydride, itaconic acid, adipic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid; reaction of glycol or bisphenol with carbonate Alternatively, polycarbonate diols obtained by reacting phosgene with glycol or bisphenol in the presence of an alkali; caprolactone-modified polymer diols such as caprolactone-modified polytetramethylene diol, polybutadiene-based polymers such as polyolefin-based polymer diols and hydrogenated polybutadiene diols Examples thereof include polymer diols and silicone polymer diols. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
なお、本発明において好ましい化合物や部分構造は前記一般式(U)、(U1)におけるLU1が、-(CH2CH2O)nU1CH2CH2-、-〔CH2CH(CH3)O〕nU1-CH2CH(CH3)-、-(CH2CH2CH2O)nU1-CH2CH2CH2-、-〔(CH2)nU2-OC(=O)-(CH2)nU3-C(=O)O〕nU4-O(CH2)nU2-または-〔(CH2)nU5-OC(=O)O〕nU6-(CH2)nU7-である。ここで、nU1~nU7は各々独立に1以上の数を表す。nU1~nU7は1000以下の数であることが好ましく、より好ましくは500以下、さらに好ましくは100以下の数である。
また、一般式(U)で表される化合物は、後述の一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で表されるジオール化合物も好ましい。
In the present invention, preferred compounds and partial structures are such that L U1 in the general formulas (U) and (U1) is — (CH 2 CH 2 O) n U1 CH 2 CH 2 —, — [CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) O] n U1 —CH 2 CH (CH 3 ) —, — (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) n U1 —CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, — [(CH 2 ) n U 2 —OC (═O) — (CH 2 ) n U 3 —C (═O) O] n U 4 —O (CH 2 ) n U 2 — or — [(CH 2 ) n U 5 —OC (═O) O] n U 6 — (CH 2 ) n U7- . Here, n U1 to n U7 each independently represents a number of 1 or more. n U1 to n U7 are preferably numbers of 1000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, and even more preferably 100 or less.
The compound represented by the general formula (U) is also preferably a diol compound represented by the following general formulas (III-1) to (III-6).
前記ポリエーテルジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0068〕~〔0076〕に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。 The polyether diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include compounds described in paragraphs [0068] to [0076] of JP-A-2005-250438. It is done.
前記ポリエステルジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0077〕~〔0079〕、段落〔0083〕~〔0085〕におけるNo.1~No.8及びNo.13~No.18に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。 The polyester diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include paragraphs [0077] to [0079] and paragraphs [0083] to [0085] of JP-A-2005-250438. No. 1-No. 8 and no. 13-No. 18 and the like.
前記ポリカーボネートジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0080〕~〔0081〕及び段落〔0084〕におけるNo.9~No.12で記載された化合物などが挙げられる。 The polycarbonate diol compound is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, in the paragraphs [0080] to [0081] and paragraph [0084] of JP-A-2005-250438, No. 9-No. 12 and the like.
また、上述したジオール化合物の他に、イソシアネート基と反応しない置換基を有するジオール化合物を併用することもできる。
前記イソシアネート基と反応しない置換基を有するジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0087〕~〔0088〕に記載された化合物などが挙げられる。
In addition to the diol compound described above, a diol compound having a substituent that does not react with an isocyanate group can be used in combination.
The diol compound having a substituent that does not react with the isocyanate group is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, in paragraphs [0087] to [0088] of JP-A-2005-250438 And the compounds described.
このようなポリマージオール化合物の質量平均分子量は、400~8,000であることが好ましく、500~5,000であることがより好ましく、600~3,000であることがさらに好ましく、800~2,000であることが特に好ましい。質量平均分子量が、400未満であると、耐折性が十分に得られないことがあり、8,000を超えると、得られるポリウレタン樹脂のガラス転移温度(Tg)が低下しすぎるため、絶縁信頼性が低下してしまうことがある。
ここで、質量平均分子量は、例えば高速GPC装置(東洋曹達株式会社製、HLC-802A)を使用して、0.5質量%のTHF溶液を試料溶液とし、カラムはTSKgel HZM-M 1本を使用し、200μLの試料を注入し、前記THF溶液で溶離して、25℃で屈折率検出器あるいはUV検出器(検出波長254nm)により測定することができる。
The weight average molecular weight of such a polymer diol compound is preferably 400 to 8,000, more preferably 500 to 5,000, still more preferably 600 to 3,000, and 800 to 2 Is particularly preferred. If the mass average molecular weight is less than 400, sufficient folding resistance may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 8,000, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the resulting polyurethane resin will be too low. May deteriorate.
Here, the mass average molecular weight is determined using, for example, a high-speed GPC apparatus (HLC-802A, manufactured by Toyo Soda Co., Ltd.), a 0.5% by mass THF solution as a sample solution, and one column of TSKgel HZM-M. In use, 200 μL of sample can be injected, eluted with the THF solution, and measured at 25 ° C. with a refractive index detector or UV detector (detection wavelength 254 nm).
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂中における前記一般式(U1)で表される部分構造の質量比率は、10~60%が好ましく、20~60%であることがより好ましく、25~55%であることがさらに好ましく、30~50%であることがさらに好ましい。前記質量比率が10%未満であると硬化後の反り抑制が困難になることがあり、60%を超えると光硬化の感度が低下しすぎて解像性が悪化してしまうことがある。 The mass ratio of the partial structure represented by the general formula (U1) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is preferably 10 to 60%, more preferably 20 to 60%, more preferably 25 to It is more preferably 55%, and further preferably 30 to 50%. When the mass ratio is less than 10%, it may be difficult to suppress warping after curing, and when it exceeds 60%, the sensitivity of photocuring may be excessively lowered and resolution may be deteriorated.
また、本発明で使用する側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂としては、ポリマー末端、主鎖に不飽和基を有するものも好適に使用される。ポリマー末端、主鎖に不飽和基を有することにより、更に、感光性樹脂組成物と側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂との間、又は側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂間で架橋反応性が向上し、光硬化物強度が増す。ここで、不飽和基としては、架橋反応の起こり易さから、炭素-炭素二重結合を有することが特に好ましい。 Also, as the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention, those having an unsaturated group in the polymer terminal and main chain are also preferably used. Polyurethane having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain, or between the photosensitive resin composition and the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain, by having an unsaturated group at the polymer terminal and main chain Crosslinking reactivity is improved between the resins, and the strength of the photocured product is increased. Here, it is particularly preferable that the unsaturated group has a carbon-carbon double bond from the viewpoint of easy occurrence of a crosslinking reaction.
ポリマー末端に不飽和基を導入する方法としては、以下に示す方法がある。即ち、上述した側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂の合成の工程での、ポリマー末端の残存イソシアネート基と、アルコール類又はアミン類等で処理する工程において、不飽和基を有するアルコール類又はアミン類等を用いればよい。このような化合物としては、具体的には、先に、不飽和基を有する単官能のアルコール又は単官能のアミン化合物として挙げられた例示化合物と同様のものを挙げることができる。
なお、不飽和基は、導入量の制御が容易で導入量を増やすことができ、また、架橋反応効率が向上するといった観点から、ポリマー末端よりもポリマー側鎖に導入されることが好ましい。
導入されるエチレン性不飽和結合基としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、架橋硬化膜形成性の点で、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、スチリル基が好ましく、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基がより好ましく、架橋硬化膜の形成性と生保存性との両立の点で、メタクリロイル基が特に好ましい。
また、メタクリロイル基の導入量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、エチレン性不飽和基当量としては、0.05mmol/g~3.0mmol/gが好ましく、0.5mmol/g~2.7mmol/gがより好ましく、0.75mmol/g~2.5mmol/gがさらに好ましく、1.00mmol/g以上(好ましくは1.00mmol/g~2.5mmol/g)が特に好ましい。
As a method for introducing an unsaturated group into the polymer terminal, there are the following methods. That is, in the step of synthesizing the polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain as described above, in the step of treating with the residual isocyanate group at the polymer end and the alcohol or amine, the alcohol having an unsaturated group. Alternatively, amines or the like may be used. Specific examples of such a compound include the same compounds as those exemplified above as the monofunctional alcohol or monofunctional amine compound having an unsaturated group.
The unsaturated group is preferably introduced into the polymer side chain rather than the polymer terminal from the viewpoint that the introduction amount can be easily controlled and the introduction amount can be increased, and that the crosslinking reaction efficiency is improved.
The ethylenically unsaturated bond group to be introduced is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. From the viewpoint of forming a crosslinked cured film, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyl group, and a styryl group are preferable, and methacryloyl Group and acryloyl group are more preferable, and methacryloyl group is particularly preferable in terms of both the formability of the crosslinked cured film and the raw storage stability.
The amount of methacryloyl group introduced is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. The ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent is preferably 0.05 mmol / g to 3.0 mmol / g, 0.5 mmol / g to 2.7 mmol / g is more preferable, 0.75 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g is more preferable, and 1.00 mmol / g or more (preferably 1.00 mmol / g to 2.5 mmol / g) Is particularly preferred.
主鎖に不飽和基を導入する方法としては、主鎖方向に不飽和基を有するジオール化合物をポリウレタン樹脂の合成に用いる方法がある。前記主鎖方向に不飽和基を有するジオール化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えばcis-2-ブテン-1,4-ジオール、trans-2-ブテン-1,4-ジオール、ポリブタジエンジオールなどが挙げられる。 As a method for introducing an unsaturated group into the main chain, there is a method of using a diol compound having an unsaturated group in the main chain direction for the synthesis of a polyurethane resin. The diol compound having an unsaturated group in the main chain direction is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, cis-2-butene-1,4-diol, trans-2-butene- Examples include 1,4-diol and polybutadiene diol.
本発明においては、本発明で使用する側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有する酸変性ポリウレタン樹脂としては、ポリマー主鎖の末端に、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有するものも、アルカリ性現像液による非画像部の現像性に優れる点で好適に用いられる。ポリマー主鎖の末端に、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有し、2つ以上5つ以下のカルボキシル基を有することが好ましく、2つのカルボキシル基を有することが現像性に優れ、微細パターン形成性の点で特に好ましい。
なお、前記ポリウレタン樹脂における主鎖の末端は、2つあるが、片末端に少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有することが好ましく、両末端に少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有していてもよい。
In the present invention, as the acid-modified polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention, those having at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain may be used as non-images by an alkaline developer. It is preferably used because it is excellent in developability of part. It has at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain and preferably has 2 or more and 5 or less carboxyl groups, and having two carboxyl groups is excellent in developability and has a fine pattern forming property. Is particularly preferable.
The polyurethane resin has two main chain ends, but preferably has at least one carboxyl group at one end, and may have at least one carboxyl group at both ends.
前記ポリウレタン樹脂の主鎖の末端に、下記一般式(AD)で表される構造を有することが好ましい。 It is preferable that the terminal of the main chain of the polyurethane resin has a structure represented by the following general formula (AD).
一般式(AD)
-L100-(COOH)n
General formula (AD)
-L 100- (COOH) n
一般式(AD)において、L100は、(n+1)価の有機連結鎖を表し、nは1以上の整数を示し、1~5が好ましく、2が特に好ましい。
L100で表される有機連結基は、炭素原子、水素原子、酸素原子、窒素原子、及び硫黄原子から選択される1以上の原子を含んで構成され、具体的には、L100で表される有機連結基の主骨格を構成する原子数は、1~30が好ましく、1~25がより好ましく、1~20が更に好ましく、1~10が特に好ましい。
なお、前記「有機連結基の主骨格」とは、前記ポリウレタン樹脂の主鎖と末端COOHとを連結するためのみに使用される原子又は原子団を意味し、連結経路が複数ある場合には、使用される原子数が最も少ない経路を構成する原子又は原子団を指す。
In the general formula (AD), L 100 represents an (n + 1) -valent organic linking chain, n represents an integer of 1 or more, preferably 1 to 5, and particularly preferably 2.
The organic linking group represented by L 100 is configured to include one or more atoms selected from a carbon atom, a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom, specifically, represented by L 100. The number of atoms constituting the main skeleton of the organic linking group is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 1 to 25, still more preferably 1 to 20, and particularly preferably 1 to 10.
The “main skeleton of the organic linking group” means an atom or an atomic group used only for linking the main chain of the polyurethane resin and the terminal COOH, and when there are a plurality of linking paths, The atom or atomic group which comprises the path | route with the fewest number of atoms used is pointed out.
前記ポリウレタン樹脂の主鎖の末端に、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を導入する方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ポリウレタン樹脂製造の原料として、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有するカルボン酸化合物を用いる方法などが挙げられる。 The method for introducing at least one carboxyl group at the end of the main chain of the polyurethane resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, as a raw material for producing a polyurethane resin, at least one Examples include a method using a carboxylic acid compound having a carboxyl group.
前記カルボン酸化合物としては、カルボキシル基を1つ有するモノカルボン酸化合物、カルボキシル基を2つ有するジカルボン酸化合物、カルボキシル基を3つ有するトリカルボン酸化合物、カルボキシル基を4つ有するテトラカルボン酸化合物、カルボキシル基を5つ有するペンタカルボン酸化合物などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、カルボキシル基を2つ有するジカルボン酸化合物が、現像性に優れ、微細パターン形成性の点で特に好ましい。 Examples of the carboxylic acid compound include a monocarboxylic acid compound having one carboxyl group, a dicarboxylic acid compound having two carboxyl groups, a tricarboxylic acid compound having three carboxyl groups, a tetracarboxylic acid compound having four carboxyl groups, and a carboxyl group. Examples thereof include pentacarboxylic acid compounds having five groups. Among these, a dicarboxylic acid compound having two carboxyl groups is particularly preferable in terms of excellent developability and fine pattern formability.
前記カルボン酸化合物としては、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有すれば特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、下記一般式(ADH)で表される化合物が好適である。 The carboxylic acid compound is not particularly limited as long as it has at least one carboxyl group, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. However, a compound represented by the following general formula (ADH) is preferable.
一般式(ADH)
H-O-L200-Y100-L100-(COOH)n
General formula (ADH)
HO-L 200 -Y 100 -L 100- (COOH) n
一般式(ADH)において、L100及びnは、前記一般式(AD)と同じ意味を表す。Y100は2価以上の原子を表す。L200は単結合又は置換基を有していてもよいアルキレン基を表す。
Y100における2価以上の原子としては、例えば、酸素原子、窒素原子、炭素原子、ケイ素原子などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、窒素原子、炭素原子が特に好ましい。ここで、Y100で表される原子が2価以上であるとは、少なくともY100が、L100及びL200を介して末端-COOHが結合する2つの結合手を有することを意味するが、Y100は、更に水素原子または置換基を有していてもよい。
Y100に導入可能な置換基としては、水素原子、酸素原子、硫黄原子、窒素原子およびハロゲン原子から選択される原子を含んで構成される置換基が挙げられる。これらの中でも、炭素原子数1~50の炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素原子数1~40の炭化水素基がより好ましく、炭素原子数1~30の炭化水素基が特に好ましい。
In the general formula (ADH), L 100 and n represent the same meaning as in the general formula (AD). Y 100 represents a divalent or higher valent atom. L 200 represents a single bond or an alkylene group which may have a substituent.
The divalent or more atoms in Y 100, for example, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a carbon atom, silicon atom. Among these, a nitrogen atom and a carbon atom are particularly preferable. Here, the atom represented by Y 100 being divalent or more means that at least Y 100 has two bonds in which the terminal —COOH is bonded via L 100 and L 200 . Y 100 may further have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
Examples of the substituent that can be introduced into Y 100 include a substituent including an atom selected from a hydrogen atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, and a halogen atom. Among these, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms is preferable, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is more preferable, and a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
L200におけるアルキレン基としては、炭素原子数1~20のアルキレン基が好ましく、炭素原子数2~10のアルキレン基がより好ましい。前記アルキレン基に導入可能な置換基としては、例えばハロゲン原子(-F、-Br、-Cl、-I)、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基などが挙げられる。 The alkylene group for L 200 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Examples of the substituent that can be introduced into the alkylene group include a halogen atom (—F, —Br, —Cl, —I), an optionally substituted alkyl group, and the like.
前記一般式(ADH)で表されるカルボン酸化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、乳酸、リンゴ酸、ヒドロキシへキサン酸、クエン酸、ジオール化合物と酸無水物の反応物などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、リンゴ酸が特に好ましい。 The carboxylic acid compound represented by the general formula (ADH) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include lactic acid, malic acid, hydroxyhexanoic acid, citric acid, and a diol compound. Examples include a reaction product of an acid anhydride. These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, malic acid is particularly preferable.
本発明で使用するポリウレタン樹脂(i)の具体例としては、例えば、特開2005-250438号公報の段落〔0293〕~〔0310〕に示されたP-1~P-31のポリマー、などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、段落〔0308〕及び〔0309〕に示されたP-27及びP-28のポリマーが好ましい。 Specific examples of the polyurethane resin (i) used in the present invention include, for example, polymers P-1 to P-31 shown in paragraphs [0293] to [0310] of JP-A-2005-250438. Can be mentioned. Among these, polymers of P-27 and P-28 shown in paragraphs [0308] and [0309] are preferable.
本発明で使用する側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂は、前記ジイソシアネート化合物及びジオール化合物を、非プロトン性溶媒中、それぞれの反応性に応じた活性の公知の触媒を添加し、加熱することにより合成される。合成に使用されるジイソシアネート及びジオール化合物のモル比(Ma:Mb)としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、1:1~1.2:1が好ましく、アルコール類又はアミン類等で処理することにより、分子量あるいは粘度といった所望の物性の生成物が、最終的にイソシアネート基が残存しない形で合成される。 The polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention is prepared by adding the above-mentioned diisocyanate compound and diol compound to an aprotic solvent and adding a known catalyst having an activity corresponding to each reactivity. To be synthesized. The molar ratio (M a : M b ) of the diisocyanate and diol compound used in the synthesis is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, preferably 1: 1 to 1.2: 1. By treating with alcohols or amines, a product having desired physical properties such as molecular weight or viscosity is synthesized in a form in which no isocyanate group remains finally.
本発明で使用する側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂は、特に、前述のジイソシアネート化合物と、ジオール化合物として、分子内に2つの水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリレート化合物、分子内に2つの水酸基を有するカルボン酸および前述のポリマージオール化合物とを反応させて得ることが好ましく、これに加え、一般式(ADH)で表される、1つの水酸基とカルボキシル基を有する化合物を反応させて得ることが好ましい。 The polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain used in the present invention is, in particular, the aforementioned diisocyanate compound and a diol compound, a (meth) acrylate compound having two hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and two in the molecule. It is preferably obtained by reacting a carboxylic acid having a hydroxyl group with the above-mentioned polymer diol compound, and in addition, obtained by reacting a compound having one hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group represented by the general formula (ADH). Is preferred.
-ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)-
ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)は、カルボキシル基含有ポリウレタンと分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られるポリウレタン樹脂である。
ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)は、ジイソシアネートと、カルボキシル基含有ジオールとを必須成分とするカルボキシル基含有ポリウレタン樹脂と、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られるポリウレタン樹脂である。目的に応じて、ジオール成分として、質量平均分子量300以下の低分子ジオールや質量平均分子量500以上の低分子ジオールを共重合成分として加えてもよい。
ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)は、これを用いることにより、無機充填剤との安定した分散性や耐クラック性や耐衝撃性に優れることから、耐熱性、耐湿熱性、密着性、機械特性、電気特性が向上する。
また、前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)としては、置換基を有していてもよい2価の脂肪族及び芳香族炭化水素のジイソシアネートと、C原子及びN原子のいずれかを介してCOOH基と2つのOH基を有するカルボキシル基含有ジオールとを必須成分とした反応物であって、得られた反応物と、-COO-結合を介して分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られるものであってもよい。
また、前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)としては、下記一般式(I)で示されるジイソシアネートと、前述のポリウレタン樹脂(i)において説明した一般式(17)~(19)で表されるカルボキシル基含有ジオール化合物から選ばれた少なくとも1種とを必須成分とし、目的に応じて下記一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で示される質量平均分子量が800~3,000の範囲にある高分子ジオールから選ばれた少なくとも1種との反応物であって、得られた反応物と、下記一般式(IV-1)~(IV-16)で示される分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られるものであってもよい。
-Polyurethane resin (ii)-
The polyurethane resin (ii) is a polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane with a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule.
The polyurethane resin (ii) is a polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane resin containing diisocyanate and a carboxyl group-containing diol as essential components and a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule. It is. Depending on the purpose, as the diol component, a low molecular diol having a mass average molecular weight of 300 or less or a low molecular diol having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or more may be added as a copolymer component.
By using this, the polyurethane resin (ii) has excellent dispersibility, crack resistance, and impact resistance with an inorganic filler, so that it has heat resistance, moist heat resistance, adhesion, mechanical properties, and electrical properties. improves.
In addition, as the polyurethane resin (ii), a diisocyanate of a divalent aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon which may have a substituent, a COOH group and two carbon atoms via any one of a C atom and an N atom. A reaction product comprising a carboxyl group-containing diol having an OH group as an essential component, the reaction product obtained, and a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule via a —COO— bond It may be obtained by reaction.
Examples of the polyurethane resin (ii) include diisocyanates represented by the following general formula (I) and carboxyl group-containing diols represented by the general formulas (17) to (19) described in the polyurethane resin (i). A polymer having at least one selected from compounds as an essential component and having a mass average molecular weight of 800 to 3,000, represented by the following general formulas (III-1) to (III-6), depending on the purpose A reaction product of at least one selected from diols, and the resulting reaction product and an epoxy group and ethylenic unsaturation in the molecules represented by the following general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16) It may be obtained by reacting with a compound having a group.
OCN-R1-NCO 一般式(I) OCN-R 1 -NCO Formula (I)
一般式(I)において、R1は、置換基(例えば、アルキル基、アラルキル基、アリール基、アルコキシ基、及びハロゲン原子のいずれかが好ましい)を有していてもよい2価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素基を表す。必要に応じて、R1は、イソシアネート基と反応しない他の官能基、例えば、エステル基、ウレタン基、アミド基、ウレイド基のいずれかを有していてもよい。 In the general formula (I), R 1 is a divalent aliphatic which may have a substituent (for example, any of an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, and a halogen atom is preferable) Represents an aromatic hydrocarbon group. If necessary, R 1 may have any other functional group that does not react with an isocyanate group, such as an ester group, a urethane group, an amide group, or a ureido group.
一般式(III-1)~(III-3)において、R7~R11は各々独立に、2価の脂肪族もしくは芳香族の炭化水素基を表す。R7、R9、R10およびR11は、それぞれ炭素数2個~20個のアルキレン基または炭素数6個~15個のアリーレン基が好ましく、炭素数2個~10個のアルキレン基または炭素数6個~10個のアリーレン基がより好ましい。R8は、炭素数1個~20個のアルキレン基または炭素数6個~15個のアリーレン基を表し、炭素数1個~10個のアルキレン基または炭素数6個~10個のアリーレン基がより好ましい。また、R7~R11中には、イソシアネート基と反応しない他の官能基、例えば、エーテル基、カルボニル基、エステル基、シアノ基、オレフィン基、ウレタン基、アミド基、ウレイド基またはハロゲン原子などがあってもよい。 In the general formulas (III-1) to (III-3), R 7 to R 11 each independently represents a divalent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon group. R 7 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and an alkylene group or carbon having 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Several to 10 arylene groups are more preferred. R 8 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, and an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms is More preferred. In R 7 to R 11 , other functional groups that do not react with isocyanate groups, such as ether groups, carbonyl groups, ester groups, cyano groups, olefin groups, urethane groups, amide groups, ureido groups, halogen atoms, etc. There may be.
一般式(III-4)において、R12は、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アラルキル基、シアノ基またはハロゲン原子を表す。水素原子、炭素数1個~10個のアルキル基、炭素数6個~15個のアリール基、炭素数7個~15個のアラルキル基、シアノ基またはハロゲン原子が好ましく、水素原子、炭素数1個~6個のアルキル基および炭素数6個~10個のアリール基がより好ましい。また、R12中には、イソシアネート基と反応しない他の官能基、例えば、アルコキシ基、カルボニル基、オレフィン基、エステル基またはハロゲン原子などがあってもよい。mは、2~4の整数を表す。 In the general formula (III-4), R 12 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, a cyano group or a halogen atom. A hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, a cyano group, or a halogen atom is preferable. An alkyl group having 6 to 6 carbon atoms and an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms are more preferable. R 12 may contain other functional groups that do not react with isocyanate groups, such as alkoxy groups, carbonyl groups, olefin groups, ester groups, or halogen atoms. m represents an integer of 2 to 4.
一般式(III-5)において、R13はアリール基またはシアノ基を表し、炭素数6個~10個のアリール基またはシアノ基が好ましい。
なお、前記一般式(III-1)~(III-6)中、n1、n2、n3、n4、n5、n7、n8およびn9は、それぞれ2以上の数を表し、2~100の数が好ましい。前記一般式(III-5)中、n6は0または2以上の数を示し、0または2~100の数が好ましい。
In the general formula (III-5), R 13 represents an aryl group or a cyano group, preferably an aryl group or a cyano group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
In the general formulas (III-1) to (III-6), n 1 , n 2 , n 3 , n 4 , n 5 , n 7 , n 8 and n 9 each represents a number of 2 or more. A number between 2 and 100 is preferred. In the general formula (III-5), n 6 represents 0 or a number of 2 or more, preferably 0 or a number of 2 to 100.
一般式(IV-1)~(IV-16)において、R14は水素原子またはメチル基を表し、R15は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基を表し、R16は炭素数1~10の炭化水素基を表す。pは0または1~10の数を表す。 In the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16), R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R 15 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R 16 represents a carbon atom having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a hydrogen group. p represents 0 or a number from 1 to 10.
なお、カルボキシル基含有ポリウレタンと分子中にエポキシ基又はオキセタン基を有する化合物とを反応した場合、X、YまたはZがポリウレタン主鎖と連結する部分構造に、-CO2-(β位またはγ位に水酸基もしくはアシルオキシ基が置換した脂肪族の基)-(*)を有する構造となる。ここで(*)側に一般式(1)~(3)の部分構造が存在する。 When a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane is reacted with a compound having an epoxy group or oxetane group in the molecule, a partial structure in which X, Y, or Z is connected to the polyurethane main chain has —CO 2 — (β-position or γ-position). In the structure having an aliphatic group)-(*) substituted with a hydroxyl group or an acyloxy group. Here, the partial structures of the general formulas (1) to (3) exist on the (*) side.
また、前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)は、更に第5成分として、カルボキシル基非含有の低分子量ジオールを共重合させてもよく、該低分子量ジオール化合物としては、前記一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で表され、質量平均分子量が500以下のものである。該カルボキシル基非含有低分子量ジオールは、アルカリ溶解性が低下しない限り、また、硬化膜の弾性率が十分低く保つことができる範囲で添加することができる。
上記の低分子量ジオール化合物としては、例えば、特開2007-2030号公報の段落〔0048〕に記載された化合物、などが挙げられる。
The polyurethane resin (ii) may further be copolymerized with a carboxyl group-free low molecular weight diol as a fifth component. Examples of the low molecular weight diol compound include those represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III): III-6) having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or less. The carboxyl group-free low molecular weight diol can be added as long as the alkali solubility is not lowered and the elastic modulus of the cured film can be kept sufficiently low.
Examples of the low molecular weight diol compound include the compounds described in paragraph [0048] of JP-A-2007-2030.
前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)としては、特に、前記一般式(I)で示されるジイソシアネートと、前述の一般式(17)~(19)で示されるカルボキシル基含有ジオールから選ばれた少なくとも1種とを必須成分とし、目的に応じて、一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で示される質量平均分子量が800~3,000の範囲にある高分子ジオールから選ばれた少なくとも1種や、一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で示される質量平均分子量が500以下のカルボキシル基非含有の低分子量ジオールとの反応物に、更に一般式(IV-1)~(IV-16)のいずれかで示される分子中に1個のエポキシ基と少なくとも1個の(メタ)アクリル基を有する化合物を反応して得られる、酸価が20mgKOH/g~120mgKOH/gであるアルカリ可溶性光架橋性ポリウレタン樹脂が好適である。 As the polyurethane resin (ii), in particular, a diisocyanate represented by the above general formula (I) and at least one selected from carboxyl group-containing diols represented by the above general formulas (17) to (19) are used. As an essential component, depending on the purpose, at least one selected from polymer diols having a mass average molecular weight of 800 to 3,000, represented by general formulas (III-1) to (III-6), The reaction product of the general formulas (III-1) to (III-6) with the low molecular weight diol containing no carboxyl group having a mass average molecular weight of 500 or less is further added to the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16). The acid value obtained by reacting a compound having one epoxy group and at least one (meth) acrylic group in the molecule represented by any of the above) is 20 mgKOH / g to 120 mgK An alkali-soluble photocrosslinkable polyurethane resin that is OH / g is preferred.
なお、上記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)においても、前記一般式(III-1)~(III-6)で表される化合物に替えて、または併用して、前述のポリウレタン樹脂(i)で説明した一般式(U)で表されるジオール化合物を使用することは好ましく、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂中における前記一般式(U1)で表される部分構造の質量比率は、前述のポリウレタン樹脂(i)の場合と同様である。
これらの高分子化合物は、1種を単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
In addition, in the polyurethane resin (ii), instead of or in combination with the compounds represented by the general formulas (III-1) to (III-6), the general polyurethane resin (i) described above is used. It is preferable to use the diol compound represented by the formula (U), and the mass ratio of the partial structure represented by the general formula (U1) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin is the above-mentioned polyurethane. The same as in the case of the resin (i).
These high molecular compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
また、ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)においても、ポリマー主鎖の末端に、少なくとも1つのカルボキシル基を有するものもが、ポリウレタン樹脂(i)と同様の効果を得るために好ましく、ポリウレタン樹脂(i)で説明したようなポリマー主鎖の末端封止方法や一般式(A)で表される基が好ましく、ポリウレタン樹脂(i)と好ましい範囲も同じである。 Also in the polyurethane resin (ii), those having at least one carboxyl group at the terminal of the polymer main chain are preferable for obtaining the same effect as the polyurethane resin (i), and are described in the polyurethane resin (i). The terminal block method of the polymer main chain and the group represented by the general formula (A) are preferable, and the preferable range is the same as that of the polyurethane resin (i).
前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)としては、例えば、特開2007-2030号公報の段落〔0314〕~〔0315〕に示されたU1~U4、U6~U11のポリマーにおけるエポキシ基及びビニル基含有化合物としてのグリシジルアクリレートを、グリシジルメタクリレート、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチルアクリレート(商品名:サイクロマーA400、ダイセル化学株式会社製)、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチルメタクリレート(商品名:サイクロマーM400、ダイセル化学株式会社製)に代えたポリマー、などが挙げられる。 Examples of the polyurethane resin (ii) include epoxy group and vinyl group-containing compounds in polymers U1 to U4 and U6 to U11 shown in paragraphs [0314] to [0315] of JP-A-2007-2030. Glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl acrylate (trade name: Cyclomer A400, manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries), 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate (trade name: Cyclomer M400, Daicel Chemical Corporation) Polymer) in place of (manufactured).
-カルボキシル基含有ポリウレタンと分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られるポリウレタン樹脂(ii)の合成法-
前記ポリウレタン樹脂(ii)の合成方法としては、前記ジイソシアネート化合物及びジオール化合物を非プロトン性溶媒中、それぞれの反応性に応じた活性の公知な触媒を添加し、加熱することにより合成される。使用するジイソシアネート及びジオール化合物のモル比は、0.8:1~1.2:1が好ましく、ポリマー末端にイソシアネート基が残存した場合、アルコール類又はアミン類等で処理することにより、最絡的にイソシアネート基が残存しない形で合成される。
—Synthesis Method of Polyurethane Resin (ii) Obtained by Reacting Carboxyl Group-Containing Polyurethane with Compound Having Epoxy Group and Ethylenically Unsaturated Group in the Molecule—
As a method for synthesizing the polyurethane resin (ii), the diisocyanate compound and the diol compound are synthesized in an aprotic solvent by adding a known catalyst having an activity corresponding to each reactivity and heating. The molar ratio of the diisocyanate and diol compound to be used is preferably 0.8: 1 to 1.2: 1. When an isocyanate group remains at the end of the polymer, the molar ratio can be determined by treating with an alcohol or an amine. In the form in which no isocyanate group remains.
<<酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の含有量>>
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物は、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の他、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂とは異なる構造を有するポリウレタン樹脂を含むアルカリ可溶性高分子を併用することも可能である。例えば、前記側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有するポリウレタン樹脂と共に、主鎖及び/又は側鎖に芳香族基を含有したするポリウレタン樹脂を併用することが可能である。
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物の固形分中の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、5質量%~80質量%が好ましく、20質量%~75質量%がより好ましく、30質量%~70質量%が特に好ましい。
前記含有量が、低すぎると、耐折性が良好に保つことができないことがあり、逆に高すぎると、耐熱性が破綻をきたすことがある。前記含有量が、前記範囲内であると、良好な耐折性と耐熱性の両立の点で有利である。
<< Content of polyurethane resin containing acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated groups >>
The photosensitive resin composition of the present invention comprises an alkali-soluble polymer containing a polyurethane resin having a structure different from that of an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin in addition to an acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. It can also be used in combination. For example, together with a polyurethane resin having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain, a polyurethane resin containing an aromatic group in the main chain and / or side chain can be used in combination.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as content of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group containing polyurethane resin in solid content of the photosensitive resin composition of this invention, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, 5 mass% -80% by mass is preferable, 20% by mass to 75% by mass is more preferable, and 30% by mass to 70% by mass is particularly preferable.
If the content is too low, the folding resistance may not be kept good. On the other hand, if the content is too high, the heat resistance may fail. When the content is within the above range, it is advantageous in terms of achieving both good folding resistance and heat resistance.
<<酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂>>
酸基としてはカルボキシル基が好ましく、エチレン性不飽和基としては、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基、アリル基、ビニルエーテル基、ビニルフェニル基が好ましい。
酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂としては、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルと、エチレン性不飽和基を有しかつ少なくとも1個の酸基を有する化合物とから得られる共重合体(以下、「共重合体」と称することがある)の一部の酸基に、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得られる変性共重合体(以下、「変性共重合体」と称することがある)であることが、耐熱性に優れる点から好ましい。なお、前述のように、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとは、アクリル酸エステル、及び/又はメタクリル酸エステルを意味する。
以下に上記における各反応の原料を説明する。
<< (Meth) acrylic resin containing acid groups and ethylenically unsaturated groups >>
The acid group is preferably a carboxyl group, and the ethylenically unsaturated group is preferably an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an allyl group, a vinyl ether group, or a vinylphenyl group.
The (meth) acrylic resin containing an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group is a copolymer obtained from a (meth) acrylic acid ester and a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and having at least one acid group. A modified copolymer obtained by reacting a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in a molecule with a part of acid groups of a polymer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “copolymer”) ( Hereinafter, it may be referred to as “modified copolymer”), from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance. As described above, (meth) acrylic acid ester means acrylic acid ester and / or methacrylic acid ester.
The raw materials for each reaction in the above will be described below.
-(メタ)アクリル酸エステル-
前記(メタ)アクリル酸エステルとしては、例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル類;2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、カプロカクトン変性2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の水酸基を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、イソオクチルオキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシトリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート等の(メタ)アクリレート類などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレートが低吸水性の点で好ましい。
-(Meth) acrylic acid ester-
Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid ester include (methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, etc. (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters; (meth) acrylic having a hydroxyl group such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, caprocactone-modified 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate Acid esters; benzyl (meth) acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, isooctyloxydiethylene glycol (meth) a Relate, phenoxy triethyleneglycol (meth) acrylate, methoxy triethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, etc. (meth) acrylates such as methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) acrylate. Among these, benzyl (meth) acrylate is preferable in terms of low water absorption.
-エチレン性不飽和基を含有し且つ少なくとも1個の酸基を有する化合物-
前記エチレン性不飽和基を含有し且つ少なくとも1個の酸基を有する化合物としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、ビニルフェノール、エチレン性不飽和基とカルボキシル基の間に鎖延長された変性不飽和モノカルボン酸などが挙げられる。
ここで、変性不飽和モノカルボン酸としては、例えば、β-カルボキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-アクリロイルオキシエチルコハク酸、2-アクリロイルオキシエチルフタル酸、2-アクリロイルオキシエチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸、ラクトン変性等のエステル結合を有する不飽和モノカルボン酸、エーテル結合を有する変性不飽和モノカルボン酸などが挙げられる。
これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
-Compound containing an ethylenically unsaturated group and having at least one acid group-
Examples of the compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and having at least one acid group include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinylphenol, and a modified chain that is extended between an ethylenically unsaturated group and a carboxyl group. Examples thereof include saturated monocarboxylic acid.
Here, examples of the modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid include β-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-acryloyloxyethyl succinic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl phthalic acid, 2-acryloyloxyethyl hexahydrophthalic acid, and lactone. Examples thereof include an unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ester bond such as modification, and a modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ether bond.
These may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
上記に加え、さらに(メタ)アクリル酸エステルおよび/または(メタ)アクリル酸との共重合にさらにエチレン性不飽和基を有するモノマーと共重合してもよい。このようなモノマーとしては、(メタ)アクリル酸アミド、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、スチレン、スルホ基やカルボキシル基がベンゼン環に置換したスチレン、塩化ビニル、酢酸ビニル、エチレン、ブタジエン等が挙げられる。 In addition to the above, copolymerization with (meth) acrylic acid ester and / or (meth) acrylic acid may be further copolymerized with a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group. Examples of such monomers include (meth) acrylic acid amide, (meth) acrylonitrile, styrene, styrene having a benzene ring substituted with a sulfo group or a carboxyl group, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, ethylene, butadiene, and the like.
前記ラクトン変性不飽和モノカルボン酸としては、具体的には、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸をラクトン変性した化合物であって、下記一般式(AC-1)で表される化合物が挙げられ、末端水酸基を酸無水物により酸変性させたラクトン変性不飽和モノカルボン酸としては下記一般式(AC-2)で表される化合物が挙げられ、エーテル結合を有する変性不飽和モノカルボン酸としては下記一般式(AC-3)で表される化合物が挙げられる。 Specific examples of the lactone-modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid include compounds obtained by lactone modification of (meth) acrylic acid, and compounds represented by the following general formula (AC-1): Examples of the lactone-modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid obtained by acid-modifying a hydroxyl group with an acid anhydride include compounds represented by the following general formula (AC-2). Examples of the modified unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having an ether bond include the following general formulas And a compound represented by the formula (AC-3).
一般式(AC-1)~(AC-3)において、RAC1は水素原子またはメチル基を表し、RAC2およびRAC3は各々独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基を表し、mac1~mac3は各々独立に、4~8の整数を表し、nac1~nac3は各々独立に、1~10の整数を表す。ここで、複数のRAC2およびRAC3は互いに同一でも異なってもよい。LAC1は、炭素数1~10の2価の脂肪族飽和炭化水素基、炭素数2~10の2価の不飽和炭化水素基、炭素数3~6の2価の脂環式飽和炭化水素基、2価の芳香族基(好ましくはフェニレン基)または2価のヘテロ環基(好ましくは、5または6員環で、環構成原子に酸素原子、イオウ原子、窒素原子を有する2価のヘテロ環基)を表す。LAC1における各基は置換基を有してもよい。これらの置換基としては、前述の一般式(1)~(3)におけるR1~R11の有機基または置換基で挙げた基が挙げられる。
なお、一般式(AC-2)においては、RAC2およびRAC3は水素原子、メチル基またはエチル基が好ましく、一般式(AC-2)においては、RAC2およびRAC3は水素原子、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基またはブチル基が好ましい。
In the general formulas (AC-1) to (AC-3), R AC1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R AC2 and R AC3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m ac1 ~ m ac3 each independently represent an integer of 4 ~ 8, n ac1 ~ n ac3 each independently represent an integer of 1-10. Here, the plurality of R AC2 and R AC3 may be the same as or different from each other. L AC1 is a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a divalent unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. A divalent aromatic group (preferably a phenylene group) or a divalent heterocyclic group (preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring having an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom as a ring atom) Ring group). Each group in L AC1 may have a substituent. Examples of these substituents include the organic groups represented by R 1 to R 11 in the above general formulas (1) to (3) or the groups mentioned as the substituents.
In general formula (AC-2), R AC2 and R AC3 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group. In general formula (AC-2), R AC2 and R AC3 are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group. , Ethyl group, propyl group or butyl group is preferred.
-分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物-
分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂におけるポリウレタン樹脂(ii)における分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物が好ましく、好ましい範囲も同じである。
具体的には、前記一般式(IV-1)~(IV-16)が好ましく、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4-エポキシシクロへキシルメチル(メタ)アクリレートが世路好ましい。これらの中でも、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートが特に好ましい。
-Compounds with epoxy and ethylenically unsaturated groups in the molecule-
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a compound which has an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in a molecule | numerator, According to the objective, it can select suitably, The polyurethane resin in the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group containing polyurethane resin ( The compound which has an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule | numerator in ii) is preferable, and its preferable range is also the same.
Specifically, the general formulas (IV-1) to (IV-16) are preferable, and glycidyl (meth) acrylate and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate are preferable. Among these, glycidyl (meth) acrylate is particularly preferable.
-酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂の製造方法-
酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂の製造方法として、前記変性共重合体の製造方法について以下にその一例を説明する。
まず、前記共重合体を製造する。前記共重合体の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、溶液重合などの公知のアクリル樹脂の製造方法が挙げられる。
続いて、前記共重合体の一部の酸基に、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物を付加させて製造する。
前記付加量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
前記付加においては、溶媒、及び触媒を用いることが好ましい。
溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2009-086376号公報の段落〔0020〕に記載の溶媒などが挙げられる。
触媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2009-086376号公報の段落〔0021〕~〔0025〕に記載の触媒などが挙げられる。
-Method for producing (meth) acrylic resin containing acid group and ethylenically unsaturated group-
As a method for producing a (meth) acrylic resin containing an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group, an example of the method for producing the modified copolymer will be described below.
First, the copolymer is produced. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a manufacturing method of the said copolymer, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the manufacturing methods of well-known acrylic resins, such as solution polymerization, are mentioned.
Subsequently, a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule is added to some of the acid groups of the copolymer.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said additional amount, According to the objective, it can select suitably.
In the addition, it is preferable to use a solvent and a catalyst.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a solvent, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the solvent etc. of the paragraph [0020] of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2009-086376 are mentioned.
The catalyst is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the catalysts described in paragraphs [0021] to [0025] of JP-A-2009-086376.
酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂は、例えば、特開2010-128275号公報に記載の例示化合物、使用されている化合物が挙げられ、該特許公報に記載の製造方法もしくはこれに準じた製造方法で製造できる。
る。
Examples of the (meth) acrylic resin containing an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group include exemplified compounds described in JP 2010-128275 A and compounds used, and the production method described in the patent publication Or it can manufacture with the manufacturing method according to this.
The
<<酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂>>
本願において、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂とは、前述のように、エポキシ樹脂から得られた樹脂のことであり、化学構造上は前述の2)のポリエーテル樹脂と3)のノボラック型樹脂である。便宜上、これらをエポキシ樹脂と称す。
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂は酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を有するものであれは、どのようなエポキシ樹脂でもかまわない。
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂は、下記一般式(EP)で表される部分構造を有する樹脂が好ましい。
<< Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin >>
In the present application, the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin is a resin obtained from an epoxy resin as described above, and in terms of chemical structure, the above-mentioned 2) polyether resin and 3) It is a novolac type resin. For convenience, these are referred to as epoxy resins.
As long as the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin has an acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated group, any epoxy resin may be used.
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin is preferably a resin having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (EP).
一般式(EP)において、RA1およびRA2は、いずれか一方が不飽和の脂肪族基を表し、他方がカルボキシル基を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の脂肪族基またはカルボキシル基を有する芳香族基を表す。REP1~REP3は各々独立に、水素原子または置換基を表す。 In the general formula (EP), one of R A1 and R A2 represents an unsaturated aliphatic group, and the other represents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or an aromatic group having a carboxyl group. To express. R EP1 to R EP3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
上記一般式(EP)で表される部分構造は、(a)エポキシ樹脂と、(b)不飽和基含有モノカルボン酸と、(c)多塩基酸無水物との反応によって得られる。
すなわち、一般式(EP)における不飽和の脂肪族基は、不飽和基含有モノカルボン酸に由来する基であり、この不飽和基含有モノカルボン酸から-COOHを除去して得られる基である。一方、カルボキシル基を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の脂肪族基またはカルボキシル基を有する芳香族基は多塩基酸無水物から得られる基であって、例えば、下記における四角枠中の基である。
The partial structure represented by the general formula (EP) is obtained by a reaction of (a) an epoxy resin, (b) an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid, and (c) a polybasic acid anhydride.
That is, the unsaturated aliphatic group in the general formula (EP) is a group derived from an unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid, and is a group obtained by removing —COOH from this unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid. . On the other hand, a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or an aromatic group having a carboxyl group is a group obtained from a polybasic acid anhydride, and is, for example, a group in a square frame described below.
一般式(EP)における不飽和の脂肪族基としては、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における前記一般式(1)における-C(R1)=C(R2)(R3)が好ましい。ここで、R1~R3は、前記一般式(1)におけるR1~R3と同義であり、好ましい範囲も同じである。
以上の不飽和の脂肪族基としては、ビニル基、α-メチルビニル基、β-メチルビニル基、β-フルフリルビニル基、β-スチリルビニル基、β-フェニルビニル基、α-シアノ-β-フェニルビニル基、1,3-ペンタジエニル基が挙げられる。
なお、上記(b)における不飽和基含有モノカルボン酸として例示すれば、例えば、アクリル酸、アクリル酸の二量体、メタクリル酸、β-フルフリルアクリル酸、β-スチリルアクリル酸、桂皮酸、クロトン酸、α-シアノ桂皮酸、及びソルビン酸等を用いることができる。また、水酸基含有アクリレートと飽和又は不飽和基含有二塩基酸無水物との反応生成物である半エステル化合物、不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエーテル又は不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエステルと飽和又は不飽和基含有二塩基酸無水物との反応生成物である半エステル化合物を用いることができる。ここで、半エステル化合物とは、例えば、2個のカルボキシル基のうち、一方だけがエステル化された化合物をいう。これらの(b)不飽和基含有モノカルボン酸は、単独で、又は二種類以上併用して用いることができる。
The unsaturated aliphatic group in the general formula (EP) includes —C (R 1 ) = C (R 2 ) (R in the general formula (1) in the above-described acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. 3 ) is preferred. Wherein, R 1 ~ R 3 has the same meaning as R 1 ~ R 3 in the general formula (1), and the preferred range is also the same.
Examples of the unsaturated aliphatic group include vinyl group, α-methylvinyl group, β-methylvinyl group, β-furfurylvinyl group, β-styrylvinyl group, β-phenylvinyl group, α-cyano-β -Phenylvinyl group and 1,3-pentadienyl group.
Examples of the unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acid in (b) above include, for example, acrylic acid, dimer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, β-furfurylacrylic acid, β-styrylacrylic acid, cinnamic acid, Crotonic acid, α-cyanocinnamic acid, sorbic acid, and the like can be used. Also, half-ester compounds, unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ethers or unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl esters and saturated or unsaturated group-containing products, which are reaction products of hydroxyl group-containing acrylates and saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydrides A half-ester compound which is a reaction product with a dibasic acid anhydride can be used. Here, the half ester compound refers to, for example, a compound in which only one of two carboxyl groups is esterified. These (b) unsaturated group-containing monocarboxylic acids can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
半エステル化合物は、水酸基含有アクリレート、あるいは不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエーテル又は不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエステルと、飽和又は不飽和基含有二塩基酸無水物とを等モル比で反応させることによって得ることができる。 The half ester compound is obtained by reacting a hydroxyl group-containing acrylate, an unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ether or an unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ester, and a saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydride in an equimolar ratio. Can do.
水酸基含有アクリレートとしては、例えば、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート、ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート、ヒドロキシブチルメタクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノアクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールモノメタクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンジアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンジメタクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリメタクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサメタクリレート、グリシジルアクリレート及びグリシジルメタクリレート等を用いることができる。
不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエーテル又は不飽和基含有モノグリシジルエステルとしては、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート等を用いることができる。
Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylate include hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol monoacrylate, polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, and trimethylol. Propane dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexamethacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and the like can be used.
As the unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ether or unsaturated group-containing monoglycidyl ester, glycidyl (meth) acrylate or the like can be used.
一般式(EP)におけるカルボキシル基を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の脂肪族基またはカルボキシル基を有する芳香族基としては、カルボキシ基を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の脂肪族基としては、アルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアケニル基、アリール基にカルボキシル基が置換した基が挙げられ、カルボキシ基を有する芳香族基としては、フェニル基にカルボキシル基が置換した基が挙げられる。 As the saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxyl group or the aromatic group having a carboxyl group in the general formula (EP), examples of the saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having a carboxy group include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, Examples include a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, and an aryl group substituted with a carboxyl group. Examples of the aromatic group having a carboxy group include a phenyl group substituted with a carboxyl group.
多塩基酸無水物として例示すれば、飽和又は不飽和基含有二塩基酸無水物としては、例えば、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、無水フタル酸、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、エチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、エチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、及び無水イタコン酸等を用いることができる。 Examples of polybasic acid anhydrides include saturated or unsaturated group-containing dibasic acid anhydrides such as succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride, ethyl Tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, ethylhexahydrophthalic anhydride, itaconic anhydride and the like can be used.
一般式(EP)におけるREP1~REP3は各々独立に、水素原子または置換基を表すが、水素原子またはアルキル基が好ましく、水素原子またはメチル基がより好ましく、水素原子が最も好ましい。 R EP1 to R EP3 in the general formula (EP) each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and most preferably a hydrogen atom.
本発明における酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂は、下記一般式(P1)~(P3)のいずれかで表されるエポキシ樹脂であることが好ましい。 The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin in the present invention is preferably an epoxy resin represented by any one of the following general formulas (P1) to (P3).
一般式(P1)~(P3)において、Re1は前記一般式(EP)で表される基またはエポキシ基を表す。Re2およびRe3は各々独立に水素原子またはメチル基を表し、Re4~Re9は各々独立に水素原子、アルキル基またはアリール基を表す。ne1およびne2は各々独立に1以上の数を表し、ne3は0または1以上の数を表す。ただし、Re1は分子内の全てがエポキシ基であることはない。また、分子内に存在する複数のRe1は互いに同一でも異なってもよく、分子内に存在する複数のRe2およびRe3は互いに同一でも異なってもよい。Re4~Re9において、分子内に存在する、各複数のRe4~Re9はそれぞれ、互いに同一でも異なってもよい。 In the general formulas (P1) to (P3), R e1 represents a group represented by the general formula (EP) or an epoxy group. R e2 and R e3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R e4 to R e9 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group. n e1 and n e2 each independently represent a number of 1 or more, and n e3 represents 0 or a number of 1 or more. However, R e1 is not entirely an epoxy group in the molecule. A plurality of R e1 present in the molecule may be the same or different, and a plurality of R e2 and R e3 present in the molecule may be the same or different. In R e4 to R e9 , each of the plurality of R e4 to R e9 present in the molecule may be the same as or different from each other.
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂としては、特開2007-256943号公報の段落〔0107〕~〔0111〕に記載のエポキシ樹脂、特開2006-11395号公報に記載のエポキシ樹脂、特に例示樹脂であるEPA-1~EPA-3、これらの特許公報に記載の製造方法もしくはこれに準じた製造方法で容易に製造できる。 Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin include epoxy resins described in paragraphs [0107] to [0111] of JP-A-2007-256943, epoxy resins described in JP-A-2006-11395, It can be easily produced by the exemplary methods EPA-1 to EPA-3, the production methods described in these patent publications, or production methods based thereon.
また、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂は市販品としては、例えば、ZAR-1626H(酸変性ビスフェノールA型エポキシアクリレート)、ZAR-2003H(酸変性ビスフェノールA型エポキシアクリレート、質量平均分子量:13000、酸価:82mgKOH/g)、ZFR-1158(酸変性ビスフェノールF型エポキシアクリレート、質量平均分子量:10000、酸価:60mgKOH/g)、ZFR-1492H(ビスフェノールF型酸変性エチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂)、ZCR-1534(ビフェニルアラルキル型酸変性エチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂)、ZCR-1569H(ビフェニル骨格を有するノボラック型酸変性ビニル基含有エポキシ樹脂、質量平均分子量:4,500、酸価:98mgKOH/g)、である。CCR-1219H(クレゾールノボラック型エポキシアクリレート)、PCR-1050(酸変性フェノールノボラック型エポキシアクリレート)〔以上、日本化薬株式会社製〕、EXP-2811(トリシクロデカン構造を含むエポキシ樹脂(EPICLON HP-7200、DIC株式会社製、商品名)を変性したトリシクロデカン構造含有の酸変性エポキシアクリレート)、EXP-2810(酸変性クレゾールノボラック型エポキシアクリレート)〔以上、いずれもDIC株式会社製〕、PR-300P-CP(クレゾールノボラック型酸変性エチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂)〔昭和高分子株式会社製〕が挙げられる。 Further, commercially available acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resins include, for example, ZAR-1626H (acid-modified bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate), ZAR-2003H (acid-modified bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate, mass average molecular weight: 13000, acid value: 82 mgKOH / g), ZFR-1158 (acid-modified bisphenol F type epoxy acrylate, mass average molecular weight: 10,000, acid value: 60 mgKOH / g), ZFR-1492H (bisphenol F type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group) Containing epoxy resin), ZCR-1534 (biphenylaralkyl type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin), ZCR-1569H (novolak type acid-modified vinyl group-containing epoxy resin having a biphenyl skeleton), weight average molecular weight: 4,500, Value: 98mgKOH / g), it is. CCR-1219H (cresol novolak type epoxy acrylate), PCR-1050 (acid-modified phenol novolak type epoxy acrylate) [manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.], EXP-2811 (epoxy resin containing tricyclodecane structure (EPICLON HP-) 7200, acid-modified epoxy acrylate containing tricyclodecane structure modified by DIC Corporation, trade name), EXP-2810 (acid-modified cresol novolac epoxy acrylate) [all of which are manufactured by DIC Corporation], PR- 300P-CP (cresol novolac type acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resin) [manufactured by Showa Polymer Co., Ltd.].
<<酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、本発明においては、特に、側鎖にエチレン性不飽和結合を有する酸変性ポリエステル樹脂が好ましい。本発明において、側鎖とは、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂で説明した通りである。
酸基としてはカルボキシル基が好ましく、エチレン性不飽和基としては、その側鎖に、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における一般式(1)~(3)で表される官能基のうち少なくとも1つを有するものが挙げられる。これらのエチレン性不飽和基は、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における好ましい範囲と同じである。
<< Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin >>
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. In the present invention, in particular, the acid-modified polyester having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the side chain Resins are preferred. In the present invention, the side chain is as described above for the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
As the acid group, a carboxyl group is preferable, and as the ethylenically unsaturated group, a functional group represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin described above is included in the side chain. Those having at least one group are exemplified. These ethylenically unsaturated groups are the same as the preferable range in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を導入するには、(iii)エチレン性不飽和基をジカルボキシル化合物またはジオール化合物に有する化合物との重合反応で得る方法と、(iv)カルボキシル基含有ポリエステルと、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得る方法がある。
上記の側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を導入する方法(iii)は、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における(i)エチレン性不飽和基をジイソシアネート化合物またはジオール化合物に有する化合物との重合反応で得る方法に対応し、上記の側鎖にエチレン性不飽和基を導入する方法(iv)は、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂は、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における(ii)カルボキシル基含有ポリウレタンと、分子中にエポキシ基とエチレン性不飽和基を有する化合物とを反応して得る方法に対応する。
In order to introduce an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain, (iii) a method obtained by a polymerization reaction with a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in a dicarboxyl compound or a diol compound, (iv) a carboxyl group-containing polyester, There is a method obtained by reacting an epoxy group and a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule.
The method (iii) for introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain is as follows: (i) a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group in the diisocyanate compound or diol compound in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. The method (iv) for introducing an ethylenically unsaturated group into the side chain described above corresponds to the method obtained by the polymerization reaction with the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group in the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. The saturated group-containing polyester resin is obtained by reacting (ii) a carboxyl group-containing polyurethane in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin with a compound having an epoxy group and an ethylenically unsaturated group in the molecule. Corresponding to the method.
すなわち、ジイソシアネート化合物をジカルボキシル化合物に置き換えるだけで、容易に製造できる。
また、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂は前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における、一般式等の-NCOや「イソシアネート」の用語を-CO2H、「カルボキシル」の用語に置き換えることで、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂の好ましい範囲は前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂と同じである。
ただし、ポリエステル樹脂の製造方法は、ジカルボキシル化合物だけでなく、酸無水物、エステル、酸ハライドが使用でき、通常のエステル化反応で容易に製造できる。
That is, it can be easily produced simply by replacing the diisocyanate compound with a dicarboxyl compound.
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is the same as the above-described acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin in terms of —NCO or “isocyanate” in the general formula, such as —CO 2 H, “carboxyl”. In other words, the preferred range of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin is the same as that of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
However, the polyester resin can be produced not only by a dicarboxyl compound but also by an acid anhydride, an ester, or an acid halide, and can be easily produced by a normal esterification reaction.
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリエステル樹脂は特開2007-128059号公報に記載のポリエステル樹脂、特に段落〔0058〕に記載の樹脂(1)が挙げられ、該公報に記載の製造方法もしくはこれに準じた製造方法で容易に製造できる。 Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyester resin include the polyester resin described in JP-A-2007-128059, particularly the resin (1) described in paragraph [0058]. It can be easily manufactured by a manufacturing method according to the above.
<<酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリアミドもしくはポリイミド樹脂>>
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリアミドもしくはポリイミド樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。酸基としてはカルボキシル基が好ましく、エチレン性不飽和基としては、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における一般式(1)~(3)で表される官能基のうち少なくとも1つを有するものが挙げられる。これらのエチレン性不飽和基は、前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における好ましい範囲と同じである。
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリアミド樹脂としては、例えば、下記一般式(PI-1)で表される部分構造を有するものが挙げられる。
<< Acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide or polyimide resin >>
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide or polyimide resin is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. The acid group is preferably a carboxyl group, and the ethylenically unsaturated group is at least one of the functional groups represented by the general formulas (1) to (3) in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin. One having one. These ethylenically unsaturated groups are the same as the preferable range in the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin.
Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide resin include those having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (PI-1).
一般式(PI-1)において、LPI1は4価の有機基を表し、LPI2は2価の有機基を表し、RPI1およびRPI2は一方が水酸基を表し、他方がエチレン性不飽和基を有する基を表す。
LPI1の炭素数は6~32が好ましく、LPI2の炭素数は4~30が好ましい。
一般式(PI-1)における部分構造は、テトラカルボン酸もしくはその誘導体(無水物、エステルもしくは酸ハライド)とジアミンとを縮合させて得られる部分構造である。
LPI1は下記のものが好ましい。
In the general formula (PI-1), L PI1 represents a tetravalent organic group, L PI2 represents a divalent organic group, one of R PI1 and R PI2 represents a hydroxyl group, and the other represents an ethylenically unsaturated group Represents a group having
The carbon number of L PI1 is preferably 6 to 32, and the carbon number of L PI2 is preferably 4 to 30.
The partial structure in the general formula (PI-1) is a partial structure obtained by condensing tetracarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof (anhydride, ester or acid halide) and diamine.
L PI1 is preferably the following.
上記において、LPI3は単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-または-C(=O)-を表す。
LPI2は下記のものが好ましい。
In the above, L PI3 is a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, —O—, —S—, —SO 2 represents-or -C (= O)-.
L PI2 is preferably as follows.
上記において、LPI4は単結合、-CH2-、-CH(CH3)-、-C(CH3)2-、-C(CF3)2-、-O-、-S-、-SO2-、-C(=O)-、-CH=CH-または-NHC(=O)-を表す。
RPI3~RPI5は各々独立に水素原子または置換基を表し、該置換基としてはハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子)、アルキル基(例えば、メチル、トリフルオロメチル、エチル、t-ブチル)、アルコキシ基(例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ)を表す。
In the above, L PI4 is a single bond, —CH 2 —, —CH (CH 3 ) —, —C (CH 3 ) 2 —, —C (CF 3 ) 2 —, —O—, —S— , —SO 2 —, —C (═O) —, —CH═CH— or —NHC (═O) — is represented.
R PI3 to R PI5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a halogen atom (for example, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom), an alkyl group (for example, methyl, trifluoromethyl, ethyl, t-butyl), an alkoxy group (for example, methoxy, ethoxy).
上記一般式(PI-1)で表される部分構造を有する酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリアミド樹脂は、特開2009-230098号公報に記載の製造方法もしくはこれに準じた製造方法で容易に製造できる。 The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyamide resin having a partial structure represented by the general formula (PI-1) can be easily produced by a production method described in JP-A-2009-230098 or a production method according thereto. Can be manufactured.
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリイミド樹脂としては、さらに、下記一般式(PI-2)で表される部分構造を有するものが挙げられる。 Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin further include those having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (PI-2).
一般式(PI-2)において、API1およびAPI2は各々独立に4価の有機基を表し、BPI1は、-CO2-CONH-RPI3、-CONH-RPI3、-NHCONH-RPI3または-SCONH-RPI3を含有する2価の有機基を表す。ここで、RPI3はエチレン性不飽和基または、-LPI5-NHCO2-RPI4、-LPI5-NHCO2-CO-RPI4、-LPI5-NHCO-RPI4、-LPI5-NHCONH-RPI4または-LPI5-NHCO-S-RPI4を表す。ここで、LPI5は飽和もしくは不飽和の2価の有機基を表し、炭素数1~20が好ましく、置換基で置換されていてもよい。RPI4はエチレン性不飽和基を有する基を表し、-C(R1)=C(R2)(R3)が好ましい。ここでR1~R3は前述の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂における一般式(1)のR1~R3と同義であり、好ましい範囲も同じである。 In the general formula (PI-2), A PI1 and A PI2 each independently represent a tetravalent organic group, and B PI1 represents —CO 2 —CONH—R PI3 , —CONH—R PI3 , —NHCONH—R PI3 Alternatively, it represents a divalent organic group containing —SCONH—R PI3 . Here, R PI3 the ethylenically unsaturated group or, -L PI5 -NHCO 2 -R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCO 2 -CO-R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCO-R PI4, -L PI5 -NHCONH- It represents an R PI4 or -L PI5 -NHCO-S-R PI4 . Here, L PI5 represents a saturated or unsaturated divalent organic group, preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and may be substituted with a substituent. R PI4 represents a group having an ethylenically unsaturated group, and —C (R 1 ) ═C (R 2 ) (R 3 ) is preferable. Here, R 1 to R 3 are synonymous with R 1 to R 3 in the general formula (1) in the above-mentioned acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin, and the preferred range is also the same.
一般式(PI-2)で表される酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリイミド樹脂の具体的な樹脂は、特開2009-167414号公報に記載の例示化合物、特に実施例で製造された化合物が挙げられる。
なお、一般式(PI-2)で表される酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリイミド樹脂は、特開2009-167414号公報に記載の製造方法もしくはこれに準じた製造方法で容易に製造できる。
Specific examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin represented by the general formula (PI-2) are exemplified compounds described in JP-A-2009-167414, particularly the compounds produced in the examples. Is mentioned.
The acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polyimide resin represented by the general formula (PI-2) can be easily produced by a production method described in JP-A-2009-167414 or a production method according thereto. .
酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有非ポリウレタン樹脂としては、酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有する(メタ)アクリル樹脂、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有エポキシ樹脂(すなわち、前述の2)のポリエーテル樹脂および3)のノボラック型樹脂)が好ましい。 Examples of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resin include (meth) acrylic resins containing acid groups and ethylenically unsaturated groups, and acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing epoxy resins (that is, 2 described above). The polyether resin of (3) and the novolak type resin of (3) are preferred.
本発明で使用する酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有非ポリウレタン樹脂の好ましい分子量、酸価およびエチレン性不飽和基当量、並びに、感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量は、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有ポリウレタン樹脂の好ましい分子量、酸価およびエチレン性不飽和基当量、並びに、感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量と同一である。
また、2種以上の酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂を用いる場合は、酸変性のエチレン性不飽和基含有樹脂の総含有量を上記好ましい含有量の範囲内とすることが好ましい。
The preferred molecular weight, acid value and ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group-containing non-polyurethane resin used in the present invention, and the content in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition are acid-modified ethylene. The preferred molecular weight, acid value and ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent of the photosensitive unsaturated group-containing polyurethane resin, and the content in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition are the same.
Moreover, when using 2 or more types of acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group containing resin, it is preferable to make the total content of acid-modified ethylenically unsaturated group containing resin into the range of the said preferable content.
<ラジカル重合性モノマー>
ラジカル重合性モノマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、エチレン性不飽和基を有する官能基を1つ以上有する化合物が好ましい。
<Radically polymerizable monomer>
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a radically polymerizable monomer, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, The compound which has one or more functional groups which have an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferable.
前記エチレン性不飽和基を有する官能基としては、例えば、(メタ)アクリロイル基、(メタ)アクリルアミド基、ビニルフェニル基、ビニルエステル基、ビニルエーテル基、アリルエーテル基、アリルエステル基などが挙げられる。 Examples of the functional group having an ethylenically unsaturated group include (meth) acryloyl group, (meth) acrylamide group, vinylphenyl group, vinyl ester group, vinyl ether group, allyl ether group, and allyl ester group.
前記エチレン性不飽和基を有する官能基を1つ以上有する化合物としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、(メタ)アクリル基を有するモノマーから選択される少なくとも1種が好ましい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a compound which has one or more functional groups which have the said ethylenically unsaturated group, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, At least 1 selected from the monomer which has a (meth) acryl group. Species are preferred.
前記(メタ)アクリル基を有するモノマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ポリエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等の単官能アクリレートや単官能メタクリレート;ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(アクリロイルオキシプロピル)エーテル、トリ(アクリロイルオキシエチル)イソシアヌレート、トリ(アクリロイルオキシエチル)シアヌレート、グリセリントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチロールトリシクロデカンジ(メタ)アクリレート;トリメチロールプロパン、グリセリン、ビスフェノール等の多官能アルコールに、エチレンオキサイドやプロピレンオキサイドを付加反応した後で(メタ)アクリレート化したもの;エポキシ樹脂と(メタ)アクリル酸の反応生成物であるエポキシアクリレート類等の多官能アクリレートやメタクリレートなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチロールトリシクロデカンジ(メタ)アクリレートが特に好ましい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a monomer which has the said (meth) acryl group, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, polyethyleneglycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth) ) Monofunctional acrylates and monofunctional methacrylates such as acrylates; polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolethane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate, neopentylglycol di (Meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hex (Meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, hexanediol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (acryloyloxypropyl) ether, tri (acryloyloxyethyl) isocyanurate, tri (acryloyloxyethyl) cyanurate, Glycerin tri (meth) acrylate, dimethylol tricyclodecane di (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylate after addition reaction of polyfunctional alcohols such as trimethylolpropane, glycerin, bisphenol with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide A polyfunctional acrylate such as an epoxy acrylate that is a reaction product of an epoxy resin and (meth) acrylic acid, a methacrylate, or the like. Among these, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, and dimethyloltricyclodecane di (meth) acrylate Particularly preferred.
前記ラジカル重合性モノマーの前記感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、3質量%~50質量%が好ましく、5質量%~40質量%がより好ましい。前記含有量が、3質量%未満であれば、露光感度が悪化し、50質量%より多くなれば、感光層のタック性(粘着性)が強くなりすぎることがある。 The content of the radical polymerizable monomer in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 3% by mass to 50% by mass, and preferably 5% by mass. % To 40% by mass is more preferable. When the content is less than 3% by mass, the exposure sensitivity is deteriorated. When the content is more than 50% by mass, the tackiness (adhesiveness) of the photosensitive layer may be too strong.
<熱架橋剤>
前記熱架橋剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、感光層の硬化後の膜強度を改良するために、現像性等に悪影響を与えない範囲で、例えば、エポキシ化合物(例えば、1分子内に少なくとも2つのオキシラン基を有するエポキシ化合物)、1分子内に少なくとも2つのオキセタニル基を有するオキセタン化合物、ポリイソシアネート化合物、ポリイソシアネート又はその誘導体のイソシアネート基にブロック剤を反応させて得られる化合物(ブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物)などが挙げられる。
<Thermal crosslinking agent>
The thermal crosslinking agent is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.In order to improve the film strength after curing of the photosensitive layer, in a range that does not adversely affect developability, for example, An epoxy compound (for example, an epoxy compound having at least two oxirane groups in one molecule), a blocking agent on an isocyanate group of an oxetane compound, polyisocyanate compound, polyisocyanate or derivative thereof having at least two oxetanyl groups in one molecule. Examples include compounds obtained by reaction (blocked polyisocyanate compounds).
前記熱架橋剤の前記感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、1質量%~50質量%が好ましく、3質量%~30質量%がより好ましい。前記含有量が、1質量%以上であれば、硬化膜の膜強度が向上され、50質量%以下であれば、現像性、露光感度が良好となる。 The content of the thermal crosslinking agent in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 1% by mass to 50% by mass, and preferably 3% by mass. More preferable is 30% by mass. If the said content is 1 mass% or more, the film | membrane intensity | strength of a cured film will be improved, and if it is 50 mass% or less, developability and exposure sensitivity will become favorable.
前記エポキシ化合物としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0071〕~〔0073〕に記載されたエポキシ化合物などが挙げられる。 Examples of the epoxy compound include epoxy compounds described in paragraphs [0071] to [0073] of JP2010-256399A.
前記オキセタン化合物としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0074〕に記載されたオキセタン化合物などが挙げられる。 Examples of the oxetane compound include oxetane compounds described in paragraph [0074] of JP2010-256399A.
前記ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0075〕に記載されたポリイソシアネート化合物などが挙げられる。 Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include the polyisocyanate compounds described in paragraph [0075] of JP2010-256399A.
前記ブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0076〕に記載されたブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物などが挙げられる。 Examples of the blocked polyisocyanate compound include the blocked polyisocyanate compound described in paragraph [0076] of JP2010-256399A.
前記メラミン誘導体としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0077〕に記載されたメラミン誘導体などが挙げられる。 Examples of the melamine derivative include the melamine derivatives described in paragraph [0077] of JP 2010-256399 A.
<光重合開始剤>
光重合開始剤としては、前記ラジカル重合性モノマーの重合を開始する能力を有する限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、例えば、紫外線領域から可視の光線に対して感光性を有するものが好ましく、光励起された増感剤と何らかの作用を生じ、活性ラジカルを生成する活性剤であってもよく、モノマーの種類に応じてカチオン重合を開始させるような開始剤であってもよい。
<Photopolymerization initiator>
The photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it has the ability to initiate the polymerization of the radical polymerizable monomer, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Those having photosensitivity are preferable, and may be an activator that generates an active radical by causing some action with a photoexcited sensitizer, and is an initiator that initiates cationic polymerization according to the type of monomer. May be.
光重合開始剤としては、例えば、(ビス)アシルホスフィンオキシド又はそのエステル類、アセトフェノン系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾインエーテル系化合物、ケタール誘導体化合物、チオキサントン化合物、オキシム誘導体、有機過酸化物、チオ化合物などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、感光層の感度、保存性、及び感光層とプリント配線板形成用基板との密着性等の観点から、オキシム誘導体、(ビス)アシルホスフィンオキシド又はそのエステル類、アセトフェノン系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾインエーテル系化合物、ケタール誘導体化合物、チオキサントン化合物、が好ましい。 Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include (bis) acylphosphine oxide or esters thereof, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, thioxanthone compounds, oxime derivatives, organic peroxides, and thio compounds. Etc. Among these, from the viewpoints of the sensitivity and storage stability of the photosensitive layer and the adhesion between the photosensitive layer and the printed wiring board forming substrate, oxime derivatives, (bis) acylphosphine oxide or esters thereof, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone Compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, and thioxanthone compounds are preferred.
前記(ビス)アシルホスフィンオキシド、前記アセトフェノン系化合物、前記ベンゾフェノン系化合物、前記ベンゾインエーテル系化合物、前記ケタール誘導体化合物、前記チオキサントン化合物としては、例えば、特開2010-256399号公報の段落〔0042〕に記載された(ビス)アシルホスフィンオキシド、アセトフェノン系化合物、ベンゾフェノン系化合物、ベンゾインエーテル系化合物、ケタール誘導体化合物、チオキサントン化合物などが挙げられる。 Examples of the (bis) acylphosphine oxide, the acetophenone compound, the benzophenone compound, the benzoin ether compound, the ketal derivative compound, and the thioxanthone compound include, for example, paragraph [0042] of JP-A-2010-256399. Examples thereof include (bis) acylphosphine oxides, acetophenone compounds, benzophenone compounds, benzoin ether compounds, ketal derivative compounds, and thioxanthone compounds.
光重合開始剤は、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
前記光重合開始剤の前記感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、0.1質量%~30質量%が好ましく、0.5質量%~20質量%がより好ましく、0.5質量%~15質量%が特に好ましい。
A photoinitiator may be used individually by 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
The content of the photopolymerization initiator in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass, 0.5% by mass to 20% by mass is more preferable, and 0.5% by mass to 15% by mass is particularly preferable.
<無機フィラー>
本発明で使用する感光性樹脂組成物は、無機フィラーを含有する。前記無機フィラーは、永久パターンの表面硬度の向上、あるいは線膨張係数を低く抑えること、熱伝導率を上げること、あるいは、硬化膜自体の誘電率や誘電正接を低く抑えることができることから、適宜、選択/使用することができる。
無機フィラーとしては、例えば、カオリン、硫酸バリウム、チタン酸バリウム、シリカ、タルク、クレー、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸カルシウム、酸化アルミニウム、水酸化アルミニウム、マイカなどが挙げられる。前記硫酸バリウムの市販品としては、例えば、B-30(堺化学工業社製)などが挙げられる。
これらの中でも、シリカ等のケイ素原子を有する化合物(構成原子にケイ素を含む化合物、例えば、シリカ、タルク)、硫酸バリウム、水酸化アルミニウムが好ましく、ケイ素原子を有する化合物がより好ましく、シリカが特に好ましい。
<Inorganic filler>
The photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention contains an inorganic filler. Since the inorganic filler can improve the surface hardness of the permanent pattern, or suppress the coefficient of linear expansion, increase the thermal conductivity, or suppress the dielectric constant or dielectric loss tangent of the cured film itself, Can be selected / used.
Examples of the inorganic filler include kaolin, barium sulfate, barium titanate, silica, talc, clay, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, and mica. Examples of the commercially available barium sulfate include B-30 (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
Among these, compounds having silicon atoms such as silica (compounds containing silicon as constituent atoms, such as silica and talc), barium sulfate and aluminum hydroxide are preferable, compounds having silicon atoms are more preferable, and silica is particularly preferable. .
無機フィラーの平均粒径としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、5μm以下、好ましくは2μm以下、より好ましくは1μm以下が相応しい。前記平均粒径が5μm以上であると、光錯乱により解像度が劣化することがある。 The average particle size of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. However, 5 μm or less, preferably 2 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less is appropriate. When the average particle size is 5 μm or more, resolution may be deteriorated due to light scattering.
無機フィラーの含有量は、本発明においては、感光性樹脂組成物の不揮発成分(固形分)全容量中の20容量%以上である。これによって、所望の効果を効果的に奏することができ、しかも熱膨張率を下げることができる。無機フィラーの前記含有量は好ましくは25容量%以上、より好ましくは30容量%以上である。無機フィラーの上限は60容量%以下が好ましく、50容量%以下であることがより好ましく、40容量%以下であることがさらに好ましく、35容量%以下であることがさらに好ましく、32容量%以下としてもよい。無機フィラーの含有量が少なすぎると、熱膨張率を下げる効果が小さく、耐衝撃性を向上させる効果は不十分となる。一方、無機フィラーの含有量が高すぎると、十分な解像性が得られない。
感光性樹脂組成物の不揮発成分とは、揮発しない成分であって、20mmbarの減圧下で150℃に加熱しても揮発しない成分、いわゆる固形分容量に相当する。なお、低沸点の有機溶媒やプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、カルビトール、ブチルカルビトール等のセロソルブ系溶媒などの比較的高沸点の有機溶媒は揮発性溶媒として知られている。
In the present invention, the content of the inorganic filler is 20% by volume or more in the total volume of the nonvolatile components (solid content) of the photosensitive resin composition. As a result, the desired effect can be effectively achieved, and the thermal expansion coefficient can be lowered. The content of the inorganic filler is preferably 25% by volume or more, more preferably 30% by volume or more. The upper limit of the inorganic filler is preferably 60% by volume or less, more preferably 50% by volume or less, further preferably 40% by volume or less, further preferably 35% by volume or less, and 32% by volume or less. Also good. If the content of the inorganic filler is too small, the effect of reducing the coefficient of thermal expansion is small, and the effect of improving impact resistance is insufficient. On the other hand, if the content of the inorganic filler is too high, sufficient resolution cannot be obtained.
The nonvolatile component of the photosensitive resin composition is a component that does not volatilize and corresponds to a component that does not volatilize when heated to 150 ° C. under a reduced pressure of 20 mmbar, that is, a so-called solid content volume. Note that organic solvents having a relatively high boiling point such as low boiling organic solvents and cellosolve solvents such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, carbitol, and butyl carbitol are known as volatile solvents.
<分散剤>
本発明で使用する感光性樹脂組成物中には、分散剤が含有されることが好ましい。
なかでも、分散剤は、無機フィラーの分散に使用されることが好ましい。このため、分散剤が無機フィラーの表面と相互作用する基を有し、エチレン性不飽和基を有さない高分子分散剤が好ましい。無機フィラーの表面と相互作用する基としては、塩基性基、酸性基または吸着基が挙げられ、特に塩基性基が好ましい。また、無機フィラーの表面でこれらの相互作用する基が相互作用した状態で、分散剤の分子間で会合しないことが好ましく、この会合を抑制するために、分子中に立体障害となる基が存在することが好ましい。また、質量平均分子量は1,000~100,000が好ましい。
なお、分散剤が塩基性の官能基を含むものでなく、酸性の官能基、塩構造を含むものである場合は、シリカ等の無機充填剤に対して十分な吸着量が得られないことがあり、フィルムにした場合にシリカ同士の凝集が抑制できないために粘度が低下しないことがある。
<Dispersant>
The photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention preferably contains a dispersant.
Especially, it is preferable that a dispersing agent is used for dispersion | distribution of an inorganic filler. For this reason, the polymer dispersing agent which has the group which interacts with the surface of an inorganic filler, and does not have an ethylenically unsaturated group is preferable. Examples of the group that interacts with the surface of the inorganic filler include a basic group, an acidic group, and an adsorption group, and a basic group is particularly preferable. In addition, it is preferable that these interacting groups interact with each other on the surface of the inorganic filler and do not associate between the molecules of the dispersant. In order to suppress this association, there is a group that causes steric hindrance in the molecule. It is preferable to do. The mass average molecular weight is preferably 1,000 to 100,000.
In addition, when the dispersant does not contain a basic functional group, but contains an acidic functional group or a salt structure, a sufficient adsorption amount for an inorganic filler such as silica may not be obtained. In the case of a film, the viscosity may not decrease because aggregation of silica cannot be suppressed.
塩基性基としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、第一級アミノ基、第二級アミノ基、第三級アミノ基、含窒素ヘテロ環基などが挙げられるが、第三級アミノ基、含窒素へテロ環基が好ましく、第三級アミノ基が特に好ましい。
塩基性基は、無機もしくは有機のフィラーや顔料の表面、特にシリカ微粒子の表面と相互作用、例えば、イオン的相互作用で表面に吸着する。
The basic group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, a tertiary amino group, and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group. Heterocyclic groups are preferred, and tertiary amino groups are particularly preferred.
The basic group is adsorbed on the surface of an inorganic or organic filler or pigment, particularly on the surface of silica fine particles, for example, by ionic interaction.
含窒素へテロ環基としては、環構成原子に窒素原子を含み、該窒素原子が塩基性を示すものであればどのようなものでも構わない。含窒素へテロ環基におけるヘテロ環としては、5または6員のヘテロ環基が好ましく、芳香環であっても、不飽和もしくは飽和の環であっても構わない。含窒素へテロ環はさらに芳香環、ヘテロ環または脂環が縮環してもよく、含窒素ヘテロ環に置換基を有してもよい。このような置換基としては、例えばアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基またはヘテロ環基、ハロゲン原子、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、アリールアミノ基、アシルアミノ基、スルホンアミド基、アルキルもしくはアリールスルホニル基、アルキルもしくはアリールスルフィニル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アシル基、アシルオキシ基、カルバモイル基、スルファモイル基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ウレイド基、ウレタン基などが挙げられる。 The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group may be any group as long as it contains a nitrogen atom as a ring constituent atom and the nitrogen atom exhibits basicity. The heterocyclic ring in the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group is preferably a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group, and may be an aromatic ring or an unsaturated or saturated ring. The nitrogen-containing heterocycle may be further condensed with an aromatic ring, a heterocycle or an alicyclic ring, and the nitrogen-containing heterocycle may have a substituent. Examples of such substituents include alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, alkynyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups or heterocyclic groups, halogen atoms, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, alkylthio groups, arylthio groups, amino groups, alkylaminos. Group, arylamino group, acylamino group, sulfonamido group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, acyloxy group, carbamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, hydroxyl group, mercapto Group, cyano group, nitro group, carboxyl group, sulfo group, ureido group, urethane group and the like.
含窒素ヘテロ環としては、例えば、ピロリジン環、ピロリン環、ピペリジン環、ピペラジン環、モルホリン環、イミダゾリジン環、イミダゾリン環、イミダゾール環、ピラゾリジン環、ピロリジン環、ピラゾール環、ピロール環、ピリジン環、ピラジン環、ピリミジン環、ピリダジン環、インドール環、インダゾール環、プリン環、キノリン環、キノキサリン環、キナゾリン環、インドリン環、キヌクリジン環が挙げられる。 Examples of the nitrogen-containing heterocycle include pyrrolidine ring, pyrroline ring, piperidine ring, piperazine ring, morpholine ring, imidazolidine ring, imidazoline ring, imidazole ring, pyrazolidine ring, pyrrolidine ring, pyrazole ring, pyrrole ring, pyridine ring, pyrazine Ring, pyrimidine ring, pyridazine ring, indole ring, indazole ring, purine ring, quinoline ring, quinoxaline ring, quinazoline ring, indoline ring, quinuclidine ring.
酸性基としては、特に制限はなく、酸性基の酸部分の基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ホスホニル基、-COCH2CO-RB、-CONHCO-RB、-COCH2CN、フェノール性水酸基、-RFCH2OH、-(RF)2CHOH、アルキルもしくはアリールスルホンアミド基などが挙げられる。ここで、RBは炭素数1~10の炭化水素基を表し、RFはペルフルオロアルキル基を表す。なお、炭化水素基は、飽和、不飽和または環状の炭化水素基で、好ましくは環状の炭化水素基である。
酸性基のうち、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、ホスホニル基が好ましく、現像性の点で、カルボキシル基が特に好ましい。
また、酸性基の酸部分は、脂肪族基(アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基、シクロアルキニル基等)、芳香族基、ヘテロ環基に上記酸部分の基を有してもよく、上記酸部分の基が直接、酸性基となってもよい。
The acidic group is not particularly limited, and examples of the acid moiety of the acidic group include a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, a phosphonyl group, —COCH 2 CO—R B , —CONHCO—R B , —COCH 2 CN, Examples thereof include a phenolic hydroxyl group, —R F CH 2 OH, — (R F ) 2 CHOH, an alkyl or aryl sulfonamide group, and the like. Here, R B represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and R F represents a perfluoroalkyl group. The hydrocarbon group is a saturated, unsaturated or cyclic hydrocarbon group, preferably a cyclic hydrocarbon group.
Of the acidic groups, a carboxyl group, a sulfo group, and a phosphonyl group are preferable, and a carboxyl group is particularly preferable in terms of developability.
In addition, the acid part of the acid group is an aliphatic group (alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group, cycloalkynyl group, etc.), an aromatic group, a heterocyclic group, and a group of the above acid part. It may have, and the group of the said acid part may become an acidic group directly.
本発明で好ましく使用される分散剤のアミン価は、0.65mmol/g以上が好ましく、0.75mmol/g以上がより好ましく、0.9mmol/g以上がさらに好ましい。アミン価の上限は、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは4mmol/g以下であり、さらに好ましくは3mmol/g以下である。
ここで、前記アミン価の測定は、例えば、試料をビーカーにはかりとり、酢酸を加え、撹拌して溶解させて、測定温度を25℃に調整後、滴定試薬として0.1N過塩素酸酢酸を用いて、滴定装置で滴定することにより、求めることができる。
アミン価は滴定した際に消費される過塩素の量を、分散剤樹脂(固形分)1g当たりのモル数で表したものである。
The amine value of the dispersant preferably used in the present invention is preferably 0.65 mmol / g or more, more preferably 0.75 mmol / g or more, and further preferably 0.9 mmol / g or more. The upper limit of the amine value is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4 mmol / g or less, and more preferably 3 mmol / g or less.
Here, the amine value is measured, for example, by weighing a sample in a beaker, adding acetic acid, stirring and dissolving, adjusting the measurement temperature to 25 ° C., and then adding 0.1N perchloric acid acetic acid as a titration reagent. And can be determined by titrating with a titration apparatus.
The amine value is the amount of perchlorate consumed when titrated, expressed in moles per gram of dispersant resin (solid content).
本発明で好ましく使用される分散剤の酸価は、0.1mmol/g以上が好ましく、0.2mmol/g以上がより好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.3mmol/g以上である。酸価の上限は、特に限定されるものではないが、好ましくは3.5mmol/g以下であり、さらに好ましくは2.5mmol/g以下である。
ここで、前記酸価の測定は、例えば、試料をビーカーにはかりとり、THF/水=5/1(体積比)の溶液を加え、撹拌して溶解させて、測定温度を25℃に調整した後、滴定試薬として0.1NのNaOH水溶液を用いて、滴定装置で滴定することにより、酸価を求めることができる。
酸価は滴定した際に消費されるNaOHの量を、分散剤樹脂(固形分)1g当たりのモル数で表したものである。
The acid value of the dispersant preferably used in the present invention is preferably 0.1 mmol / g or more, more preferably 0.2 mmol / g or more, and still more preferably 0.3 mmol / g or more. Although the upper limit of an acid value is not specifically limited, Preferably it is 3.5 mmol / g or less, More preferably, it is 2.5 mmol / g or less.
Here, for the measurement of the acid value, for example, a sample is weighed in a beaker, a solution of THF / water = 5/1 (volume ratio) is added, dissolved by stirring, and the measurement temperature is adjusted to 25 ° C. Thereafter, the acid value can be determined by titrating with a titration apparatus using a 0.1N NaOH aqueous solution as a titration reagent.
The acid value is the amount of NaOH consumed when titrated, expressed in moles per gram of dispersant resin (solid content).
本発明で好ましい分散剤としては、前述のように塩基性基、及び、高分子の立体障害基の少なくともいずれかを有することが好ましい。
立体障害基としては、分岐状のアルキル基、ビシクロアルキル基、アリール基、ヘテロ環基(なかでもアリール基とヘテロ環基は2個以上の置換基を有するものが好ましい)、数平均分子量が500~50,000の側鎖ポリマー鎖が挙げられるが、グラフト鎖を有するポリマー分散剤が好ましい。
このうち、立体保護基が、高分子量でなく、低分子量であると、十分な立体反発を得ることができない場合があり、フィルムにしたときに、シリカ等の無機充填剤に対して十分な立体反発が得られないためことがあり、フィルムにした場合に、無機充填剤同士の凝集を抑制することができず、粘度が低下しない場合がある。
The dispersant preferably used in the present invention preferably has at least one of a basic group and a polymer steric hindrance group as described above.
The steric hindrance group includes a branched alkyl group, a bicycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group (in particular, the aryl group and the heterocyclic group preferably have two or more substituents), and a number average molecular weight of 500. Examples include ˜50,000 side chain polymer chains, with polymer dispersants having graft chains being preferred.
Among these, if the steric protecting group is not high molecular weight but low molecular weight, sufficient steric repulsion may not be obtained. In some cases, repulsion cannot be obtained. When a film is formed, aggregation of inorganic fillers cannot be suppressed, and the viscosity may not decrease.
-グラフト鎖-
高分子分散剤は、側鎖に、ないしは主鎖末端の少なくともいずれかにグラフト鎖を有することが好ましい。
グラフト鎖としては、例えばポリエステル鎖、ポリアルキルアクリレート鎖、ポリアルキルメタクリレート鎖、ポリアルキレンオキシド鎖(好ましくはポリエチレンオキシド鎖、ポリプロピレンオキシド鎖)、ポリカーボネート鎖、ポリスチレン鎖、またはこれらが組合されたものおよびこれらの鎖を部分構造に含むものが挙げられる。これらの中でも、ポリエステル部位を有するグラフト鎖(ポリエステルグラフト鎖)であることが、解像性の点で好ましい。
前記グラフト鎖の鎖長は、重合度が、1~100が好ましく、1~80がより好ましく、1~60が特に好ましい。
前記グラフトの含有量は、高分子分散剤樹脂全体に対し10質量%~60質量%が好ましく、20質量%~50質量%がより好ましい。
-Graft chain-
The polymer dispersant preferably has a graft chain on the side chain or at least one of the ends of the main chain.
Examples of the graft chain include a polyester chain, a polyalkyl acrylate chain, a polyalkyl methacrylate chain, a polyalkylene oxide chain (preferably a polyethylene oxide chain, a polypropylene oxide chain), a polycarbonate chain, a polystyrene chain, or a combination thereof. The chain | strand of which is included in partial structure is mentioned. Among these, a graft chain having a polyester moiety (polyester graft chain) is preferable in terms of resolution.
The chain length of the graft chain is such that the degree of polymerization is preferably 1 to 100, more preferably 1 to 80, and particularly preferably 1 to 60.
The content of the graft is preferably 10% by mass to 60% by mass and more preferably 20% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the entire polymer dispersant resin.
本発明においては、アミン価、酸価、もしくはアミン価と酸価が前述の範囲であるものが好ましく、アミン価と酸価が前述の範囲であるものがより好ましく、アミン価と酸価が前述の範囲であり、グラフト鎖を有するものがさらに好ましい。 In the present invention, the amine value, the acid value, or the amine value and the acid value are preferably in the above range, the amine value and the acid value are more preferably in the above range, and the amine value and the acid value are as described above. More preferred are those having a graft chain.
前記分散剤の市販品としては、例えば、ソルスパース3000、ソルスパース17000、ソルスパース20000、ソルスパース24000GR、ソルスパース24000SC、ソルスパース26000、ソルスパース27000、ソルスパース28000、ソルスパース32000、ソルスパース33000、ソルスパース38500、ソルスパース39000、ソルスパース41000、ソルスパース55000、ソルスパース56000、ソルスパース71000、ソルスパース76500(いずれもルーブリゾール社製);Disperbyk-161、Disperbyk-167、Disperbyk-182、Disperbyk-2155、Disperbyk-102、Disperbyk-111、Disperbyk-106、Disperbyk-108、Disperbyk-112、Disperbyk-2000、Disperbyk-2001、Disperbyk-2008、Disperbyk-2009、Disperbyk-2015、Disperbyk-2020、Disperbyk-2022、Disperbyk-2025、(いずれもBYK Chemie社製);Efka-4008、Efka-4009、Efka-4010、Efka-4015、Efka-4020、Efka-4046、Efka-4047、Efka-4400、Efka-4401、Efka-4002、Efka-4003、Efka-4480、Efka-4300、Efka-4310、Efka-4320、Efka-4330、Efka-4340、Efka-4061、Efka-5044、Efka-5244、Efka-5054、Efka-5055、Efka-5063、Efka-5065、Efka-5066、Efka-5070、Efka-5071、Efka-5207、Efka-6220、Efka-6225(いずれもBASF社製)などが挙げられる。
これらの中でも、塩基性基を有するもの、立体障害基を有するものなどが好ましい。
Examples of commercially available dispersants include Solsperse 3000, Solsperse 17000, Solsperse 20000, Solsperse 24000GR, Solsperse 24000SC, Solsperse 26000, Solsperse 27000, Solsperse 28000, Solsperse 32000, Solsperse 33000, Solsperse 38500, Solsperse 39000, Solsperse 41000, Solsperse 55000, Solsperse 56000, Solsperse 71000, Solsperse 76500 (all manufactured by Lubrizol); Disperbyk-161, Disperbyk-167, Disperbyk-182, Disperbyk-2155, Disperbyk-102, Disperbyk-111ydisp -106, Disperbyk-108, Disperbyk-112, Disperbyk-2000, Disperbyk-2001, Disperbyk-2008, Disperbyk-2009, Disperbyk-2015, Disperbyk-2020, Disperbyk-2020, Disperbyk-2020, Disperbyk-2020 ); Efka-4008, Efka-4009, Efka-4010, Efka-4015, Efka-4020, Efka-4046, Efka-4047, Efka-4400, Efka-4401, Efka-4002, Efka-4480, Efka-4480, Efka-4300, Efka-4310, Efka-4320, Efka-4330, E ka-4340, Efka-4061, Efka-5044, Efka-5244, Efka-5054, Efka-5055, Efka-5063, Efka-5065, Efka-5066, Efka-5070, Efka-5071, Efka-5207, Efka-5207, Efka-5207 6220, Efka-6225 (both manufactured by BASF) and the like.
Among these, those having a basic group and those having a steric hindrance group are preferred.
分散剤の無機フィラーに対する含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、無機フィラーの表面積1m2あたり0.1~10mgが好ましく、1~3mgがより好ましい。
前記含有量が、0.1mg未満であると、無機フィラーの分散性が不十分であり、10mgを超えると、フィルムのタック性が悪化することがある。一方、前記含有量が前記より好ましい範囲内であると、分散性とタック性の両立という点で有利である。
The content of the dispersant with respect to the inorganic filler is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.1 to 10 mg, more preferably 1 to 3 mg per 1 m 2 of the surface area of the inorganic filler.
When the content is less than 0.1 mg, the dispersibility of the inorganic filler is insufficient, and when it exceeds 10 mg, the tackiness of the film may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the content is within the more preferable range, it is advantageous in terms of both dispersibility and tackiness.
<エラストマー>
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物にエラストマーを添加することで、感光性樹脂組成物に耐熱性、柔軟性及び強靭性を付与することができ、好ましい。
<Elastomer>
By adding an elastomer to the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, heat resistance, flexibility and toughness can be imparted to the photosensitive resin composition, which is preferable.
エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、スチレン系エラストマー、オレフィン系エラストマー、ウレタン系エラストマー、ポリエステル系エラストマー、ポリアミド系エラストマー、アクリル系エラストマー、シリコーン系エラストマーなどが挙げられる。これらのエラストマーは、ハードセグメント成分とソフトセグメント成分から成り立っており、一般に前者が耐熱性、強度に、後者が柔軟性、強靭性に寄与している。また、エラストマーの性質としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、現像工程の生産効率性などの点で、アルカリ可溶性又は膨潤性があることが好ましい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as an elastomer, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, a styrene-type elastomer, an olefin-type elastomer, a urethane-type elastomer, a polyester-type elastomer, a polyamide-type elastomer, an acrylic elastomer, a silicone-type elastomer etc. Is mentioned. These elastomers are composed of a hard segment component and a soft segment component. In general, the former contributes to heat resistance and strength, and the latter contributes to flexibility and toughness. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a property of an elastomer, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, it is preferable that it is alkali-soluble or swellable in terms of the production efficiency of a image development process.
スチレン系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、スチレン-ブタジエン-スチレンブロックコポリマー、スチレン-イソプレン-スチレンブロックコポリマー、スチレン-エチレン-ブチレン-スチレンブロックコポリマー、スチレン-エチレン-プロピレン-スチレンブロックコポリマーなどが挙げられる。
スチレン系エラストマーを構成する成分であるスチレンのほかに、α-メチルスチレン、3-メチルスチレン、4-プロピルスチレン、4-シクロヘキシルスチレン等のスチレン誘導体を用いることができる。具体的には、市販品として、タフプレン、ソルプレンT、アサプレンT、タフテック(以上、旭化成(株)製)、エラストマーAR(アロン化成製)、クレイトンG、過リフレックス(以上、シェルジャパン製)、JSR-TR、TSR-SIS、ダイナロン(以上、日本合成ゴム(株)製)、デンカSTR(電気化学工業(株)製)、クインタック(日本ゼオン製)、TPE-SBシリーズ(住友化学(株)製)、ラバロン(三菱化学(株)製)、セプトン、ハイブラー(以上、クラレ製)、スミフレックス(住友ベークライト(株)製)、レオストマー、アクティマー(以上、理研ビニル工業製)などが挙げられる。
The styrene elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymers, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymers, Examples include styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene block copolymers.
In addition to styrene, which is a component constituting the styrene elastomer, styrene derivatives such as α-methylstyrene, 3-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, and the like can be used. Specifically, as commercially available products, Tufprene, Solprene T, Asaprene T, Tuftec (above, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), Elastomer AR (made by Aron Kasei), Kraton G, Over Reflex (above, made by Shell Japan), JSR-TR, TSR-SIS, Dynalon (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.), Denka STR (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Quintac (manufactured by Nippon Zeon), TPE-SB series (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) )), Lavalon (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Septon, Hibler (above, Kuraray Co., Ltd.), Sumiflex (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.), Rheostomer, Actimer (above, Riken Vinyl Industry) It is done.
オレフィン系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ヘキセン、4-メチル-ペンテン等の炭素数2~20のα-オレフィンの共重合体であり、例えば、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体(EPR)、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエン共重合体(EPDM)等が挙げられ、また、ジシクロペンタジエン、1,4-ヘキサジエン、シクロオクタジエン、メチレンノルボルネン、エチリデンノルボルネン、ブタジエン、イソプレンなどの炭素数2~20の非共役ジエンとα-オレフィン共重合体などが挙げられる。また、ブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体にメタクリル酸を共重合したカルボキシ変性NBRが挙げられる。具体的には、エチレン・α-オレフィン共重合体ゴム、エチレン・α-オレフィン・非共役ジエン共重合体ゴム、プロピレン・α-オレフィン共重合体ゴム、ブテン・α-オレフィン共重合体ゴムなどが挙げられる。
具体的には、市販品として、ミラストマ(三井化学(株)製)、EXACT(エクソン化学製)、ENGAGE(ダウケミカル製)、水添スチレン-ブタジエンラバー(DYNABON HSBR 日本合成ゴム(株)製)、ブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体(NBRシリーズ 日本合成ゴム(株)製)、あるいは架橋点を有する両末端カルボキシル基変性ブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体(XERシリーズ 日本合成ゴム(株)製)などが挙げられる。
The olefin elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include α, C 2-20 α, such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene and 4-methyl-pentene. -Olefin copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPR) and ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM), and also include dicyclopentadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, cyclohexane Non-conjugated dienes having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as octadiene, methylene norbornene, ethylidene norbornene, butadiene, isoprene, and α-olefin copolymers may be mentioned. Further, carboxy-modified NBR obtained by copolymerizing methacrylic acid with a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer can be mentioned. Specifically, ethylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber, ethylene / α-olefin / non-conjugated diene copolymer rubber, propylene / α-olefin copolymer rubber, butene / α-olefin copolymer rubber, etc. Can be mentioned.
Specifically, as a commercial product, Miralastoma (Mitsui Chemicals), EXACT (Exxon Chemical), ENGAGE (Dow Chemical), hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber (DYNABON HSBR, Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) , Butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer (NBR series manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.), or both-end carboxyl group-modified butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer having a crosslinking point (XER series manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.). .
ウレタンエラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、低分子のグリコールとジイソシアネートからなるハードセグメントと高分子(長鎖)ジオールとジイソシアネートからなるソフトセグメントとの構造単位からなり、高分子(長鎖)ジオールとしてポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレンオキサイド、ポリ(1,4-ブチレンアジペート)、ポリ(エチレン・1,4-ブチレンアジペート)、ポリカプロラクトン、ポリ(1,6-ヘキシレンカーボネート)、ポリ(1,6-ヘキシレン・ネオペンチレンアジペート)などが挙げられる There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a urethane elastomer, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the structure of the hard segment which consists of low molecular glycol and diisocyanate, and the soft segment which consists of high molecular (long-chain) diol and diisocyanate Consists of units such as polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene oxide, poly (1,4-butylene adipate), poly (ethylene / 1,4-butylene adipate), polycaprolactone, poly (1,6 -Hexylene carbonate), poly (1,6-hexylene neopentylene adipate), etc.
高分子(長鎖)ジオールの数平均分子量としては、500~10,000が好ましく、エチレングリコールの他に、プロピレングリコール、1,4-ブタンジオール、ビスフェノールA等の短鎖ジオールを用いることができ、短鎖ジオールの数平均分子量は、48~500が好ましい。前記ウレタンエラストマーの市販品としては、PANDEX T-2185、T-2983N(DIC(株)製)、シラクトランE790などが挙げられる。 The number average molecular weight of the polymer (long chain) diol is preferably 500 to 10,000, and short chain diols such as propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and bisphenol A can be used in addition to ethylene glycol. The number average molecular weight of the short chain diol is preferably 48 to 500. Examples of commercially available urethane elastomers include PANDEX T-2185, T-2983N (manufactured by DIC Corporation), and sylactolan E790.
ポリエステル系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ジカルボン酸又はその誘導体及びジオール化合物又はその誘導体を重縮合して得られるものが挙げられる。
前記ジカルボン酸としては、例えば、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸及びこれらの芳香核の水素原子がメチル基、エチル基、フェニル基等で置換された芳香族ジカルボン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカンジカルボン酸等の炭素数2~20の脂肪族ジカルボン酸、及びシクロヘキサンジカルボン酸などの脂環式ジカルボン酸などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。
前記ジオール化合物としては、例えば、エチレングリコール、1,3-プロパンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、1,6-ヘキサンジオール、1,10-デカンジオール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジオールなどの脂肪族ジオール及び脂環式ジオール、下記構造式で表される2価のフェノールなどが挙げられる。
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a polyester-type elastomer, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, what is obtained by polycondensing dicarboxylic acid or its derivative (s) and a diol compound or its derivative (s) is mentioned.
Examples of the dicarboxylic acid include aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids in which hydrogen atoms of these aromatic nuclei are substituted with a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group, and the like. Examples thereof include aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, sebacic acid and dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Examples of the diol compound include aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, and 1,4-cyclohexanediol. And dicyclic phenols represented by the following structural formulas.
上記式中、YDOは、炭素原子数1~10のアルキレン基、炭素原子数4~8のシクロアルキレン基、-O-、-S-、及び-SO2-のいずれかを表すか、ベンゼン環同士の直接結合(単結合)を表す。RDO1及びRDO2は各々独立に、ハロゲン原子又は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基を表す。pdo1及びpdo2は各々独立に、0~4の整数を表し、ndo1は、0又は1を表す。 In the above formula, Y DO represents any one of an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, —O—, —S—, and —SO 2 —, or benzene. Represents a direct bond (single bond) between rings. R DO1 and R DO2 each independently represent a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. p do1 and p do2 each independently represent an integer of 0 to 4, and n do1 represents 0 or 1.
ポリエステルエラストマーの具体例としては、ビスフェノールA、ビス-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)メタン、ビス-(4-ヒドロキシ-3-メチルフェニル)プロパン、レゾルシンなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上併用して用いてもよい。
また、ポリエステルエラストマーとして、芳香族ポリエステル(例えば、ポリブチレンテレフタレート)部分をハードセグメント成分に、脂肪族ポリエステル(例えば、ポリテトラメチレングリコール)部分をソフトセグメント成分にしたマルチブロック共重合体を用いることもできる。
マルチブロック共重合体としては、ハードセグメントとソフトセグメントとの種類、比率、及び分子量の違いによりさまざまなグレードのものが挙げられる。具体例としては、ハイトレル(デュポン-東レ(株)製)、ペルプレン(東洋紡績(株)製)、エスペル(日立化成工業(株)製)などが挙げられる。
Specific examples of the polyester elastomer include bisphenol A, bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) methane, bis- (4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propane, and resorcin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Further, as the polyester elastomer, a multi-block copolymer having an aromatic polyester (for example, polybutylene terephthalate) portion as a hard segment component and an aliphatic polyester (for example, polytetramethylene glycol) portion as a soft segment component may be used. it can.
The multi-block copolymer includes various grades depending on the kind, ratio, and molecular weight of the hard segment and the soft segment. Specific examples include Hytrel (manufactured by DuPont-Toray Industries, Inc.), Perprene (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.), Espel (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like.
ポリアミド系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ハード相にポリアミドを、ソフト相にポリエーテルやポリエステルを用いたポリエーテルブロックアミド型とポリエーテルエステルブロックアミド型の2種類に大別され、ポリアミドとしては、ポリアミド-6、11、12などが用いられ、ポリエーテルとしては、ポリオキシエチレン、ポリオキシプロピレン、ポリテトラメチレングリコールなどが用いられる。具体的には、市販品として、UBEポリアミドエラストマ(宇部興産(株)製)、ダイアミド(ダイセルヒュルス(株)製)、PEBAX(東レ(株)製)、グリロンELY(エムスジャパン(株)製)、ノパミッド(三菱化学(株)製)、グリラックス(DIC(株)製)などが挙げられる。 The polyamide-based elastomer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, a polyether block amide type and a polyether ester block using a polyamide as a hard phase and a polyether or polyester as a soft phase. As the polyamide, polyamide-6, 11, 12 or the like is used as the polyamide, and as the polyether, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polytetramethylene glycol or the like is used. Specifically, as commercially available products, UBE polyamide elastomer (manufactured by Ube Industries Co., Ltd.), Daiamide (manufactured by Daicel Huls Co., Ltd.), PEBAX (manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.), Grilon ELY (manufactured by MMS Japan Co., Ltd.) ), Nopamid (Mitsubishi Chemical Co., Ltd.), Gla Relax (DIC Co., Ltd.) and the like.
アクリル系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、アクリル酸エステルを主成分とし、エチルアクリレート、ブチルアクリレート、メトキシエチルアクリレート、エトキシエチルアクリレートなどが挙げられ、また、架橋点モノマーとして、グリシジルメタクリレート、アリルグリシジルエーテルなどが挙げられる。さらに、アクリロニトリルやエチレンを共重合することもできる。具体的には、アクリロニトリル-ブチルアクリレート共重合体、アクリロニトリル-ブチルアクリレート-エチルアクリレート共重合体、アクリロニトリル-ブチルアクリレート-グリシジルメタクリレート共重合体などが挙げられる。 The acrylic elastomer is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.For example, an acrylic ester as a main component, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, and the like can be given. Examples of the crosslinking point monomer include glycidyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether. Furthermore, acrylonitrile and ethylene can be copolymerized. Specific examples include acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymer, acrylonitrile-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, and the like.
シリコーン系エラストマーとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、オルガノポリシロキサンを主成分としたもので、ポリジメチルシロキサン系、ポリメチルフェニルシロキサン系、ポリジフェニルシロキサンなどが挙げられる。市販品の具体例としては、KEシリーズ(信越化学工業(株)製)、SEシリーズ、CYシリーズ、SHシリーズ(以上、東レダウコーニングシリコーン(株)製)などが挙げられる。 The silicone elastomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the silicone elastomer is mainly composed of organopolysiloxane, such as polydimethylsiloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, and polydiphenylsiloxane. Is mentioned. Specific examples of the commercially available products include KE series (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), SE series, CY series, SH series (above, manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Silicone Co., Ltd.) and the like.
また、前記エラストマー以外に、ゴム変性したエポキシ樹脂を用いることができる。ゴム変性したエポキシ樹脂は、例えば、上述のビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂、サリチルアルデヒド型エポキシ樹脂、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂あるいはクレゾールノボラック型エポキシ樹脂の一部又は全部のエポキシ基を両末端カルボン酸変性型ブタジエン-アクリロニトリルゴム、末端アミノ変性シリコーンゴム等で変性することによって得られる。これらのエラストマーの中で、せん断接着性の点で、両末端カルボキシル基変性ブタジエン-アクリロニトリル共重合体、ヒドロキシル基を有するポリエステル系エラストマーであるエスペル(日立化成工業(株)製、エスペル1612、1620)が好ましい。 In addition to the elastomer, a rubber-modified epoxy resin can be used. The rubber-modified epoxy resin includes, for example, a part or all of the epoxy groups of the bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, salicylaldehyde type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin or cresol novolac type epoxy resin. It can be obtained by modification with terminal carboxylic acid-modified butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, terminal amino-modified silicone rubber or the like. Among these elastomers, both end carboxyl group-modified butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers and polyester elastomers having hydroxyl groups, Espel (manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., Espel 1612, 1620) in terms of shear adhesiveness Is preferred.
前記エラストマーの含有量としては、前記感光性樹脂組成物の固形分100質量部に対して、1質量部~50質量部が好ましく、2質量部~20質量部がより好ましく、3質量部~10質量部が特に好ましい。
前記含有量が、2質量部未満では、硬化膜の高温領域での弾性率が低くならない傾向があり、50質量部を超えると、未露光部が現像液で溶出しない傾向がある。
The content of the elastomer is preferably 1 part by mass to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 2 parts by mass to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition, and 3 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass. Part by mass is particularly preferred.
When the content is less than 2 parts by mass, the elastic modulus in the high temperature region of the cured film tends not to decrease, and when it exceeds 50 parts by mass, the unexposed part tends not to elute with the developer.
<イオン捕捉剤>
本発明で使用する感光性樹脂組成物には、Zr、BiまたはSbの少なくとも1種を有する無機化合物のイオン捕捉剤(イオン吸着剤)を含有する。
捕捉するイオンとしては、遊離Cl-、または加水分解性Cl-などの陰イオン、及び遊離のNa+や試験中のCu2+が中心となる。
Zrを有する無機化合物(ジルコニウム化合物)としては、例えばリン酸ジルコニウム、タングステン酸ジルコニウム、モリブデン酸ジルコニウム、セレン酸ジルコニウム、テルル酸ジルコニウムなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、Na+、K+等の陽イオンを選択的にイオン交換でき、イオン交換容量も優れるリン酸ジルコニウムが特に好ましい。
Biを有する無機化合物(ビスマス化合物)としては、例えば酸化ビスマス、チタン酸ビスマス、硝酸ビスマス、サリチル酸ビスマス、炭酸ビスマスなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、Cl-を特異的に捕捉する酸化ビスマスが特に好ましい。
Sbを有する無機化合物(アンチモン化合物)としては、酸化アンチモン化合物が好ましい。アンチモン化合物としては、例えば五酸化アンチモン、三酸化アンチモン、リンアンチモン酸、アンチモン酸ジルコニウム、アンチモン酸チタンなどが挙げられる。これらの中でも、Na+の点で五酸化アンチモンが特に好ましい。
<Ion scavenger>
The photosensitive resin composition used in the present invention contains an ion scavenger (ion adsorbent) of an inorganic compound having at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb.
The ion trapping free Cl -, or a hydrolysable Cl - Cu 2+ is centered in the anion, and free of Na + and tests such.
Examples of the inorganic compound (zirconium compound) having Zr include zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, and zirconium tellurate. Among these, zirconium phosphate that can selectively ion-exchange cations such as Na + and K + and is excellent in ion exchange capacity is particularly preferable.
Examples of the Bi-containing inorganic compound (bismuth compound) include bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, bismuth salicylate, and bismuth carbonate. Among them, Cl - specifically captured to bismuth oxide is particularly preferred.
As the inorganic compound (antimony compound) having Sb, an antimony oxide compound is preferable. Examples of the antimony compound include antimony pentoxide, antimony trioxide, phosphorous antimonic acid, zirconium antimonate, and titanium antimonate. Among these, antimony pentoxide is particularly preferable in terms of Na + .
本発明においては、Zr、BiまたはSbの少なくとも1種を有する無機化合物が、リン酸ジルコニウム、タングステン酸ジルコニウム、モリブデン酸ジルコニウム、セレン酸ジルコニウム、テルル酸ジルコニウム、酸化ビスマス、チタン酸ビスマス、硝酸ビスマス、サリチル酸ビスマス、炭酸ビスマス、五酸化アンチモン、三酸化アンチモン、リンアンチモン酸、アンチモン酸ジルコニウムおよびアンチモン酸チタンから選択される無機化合物が好ましい。 In the present invention, the inorganic compound having at least one of Zr, Bi or Sb is zirconium phosphate, zirconium tungstate, zirconium molybdate, zirconium selenate, zirconium tellurate, bismuth oxide, bismuth titanate, bismuth nitrate, Inorganic compounds selected from bismuth salicylate, bismuth carbonate, antimony pentoxide, antimony trioxide, antimony phosphorus, zirconium antimonate and titanium antimonate are preferred.
上記のうち、陰陽両イオンを捕捉することにより相乗的に絶縁信頼性が向上する点で好ましい。なかでも、Zrの金属を有する無機化合(ジルコニウム化合物)の少なくとも1種と、Biの金属を有する無機化合物(ビスマス化合物)の少なくとも1種を組み合わせて含有することが特に好ましい。
上記ビスマス化合物(A)と、上記ジルコニウム化合物(B)との質量比(A:B)は1:0.1~1:10が好ましく、1:0.2~1:5がより好ましい。
Among the above, it is preferable in that the insulating reliability is synergistically improved by capturing both the positive and negative ions. In particular, it is particularly preferable to contain a combination of at least one inorganic compound having a Zr metal (zirconium compound) and at least one inorganic compound having a Bi metal (bismuth compound).
The mass ratio (A: B) between the bismuth compound (A) and the zirconium compound (B) is preferably 1: 0.1 to 1:10, more preferably 1: 0.2 to 1: 5.
前記イオン捕捉剤の前記感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の合計含有量は、0.5質量%~10質量%が好ましく、1質量%~5質量%がより好ましい。前記含有量が、10質量%以上であれば、硬化不良、解像、密着の低下となり、0.5質量%以下であれば、絶縁信頼性向上の効果が小さい。 The total content of the ion scavenger in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition is preferably 0.5% by mass to 10% by mass, and more preferably 1% by mass to 5% by mass. When the content is 10% by mass or more, curing failure, resolution, and adhesion are lowered. When the content is 0.5% by mass or less, the effect of improving the insulation reliability is small.
なお、本発明では、上記のイオン捕捉剤と併用して、他のイオン捕捉剤を使用してもよい。他のイオン捕捉剤としては、以下のものが挙げられる。
陰陽両イオンを吸着する無機イオン交換体(陰陽イオン捕捉剤を組み合わせたもの)、酸化ベリリウム水和物、酸化ガリウム水和物、酸化ランタン水和物、酸化鉄水和物、酸化アルミニウム水和物、酸化チタン水和物、酸化スズ水和物、酸化ゲルマニウム水和物、酸化トリウム水和物等の金属の含水酸化物を挙げることができる。
陰イオン捕捉剤としては、タルサイト類等を挙げることができる。また、東亜合成(株)から上市されている陰イオン交換体IXE-700(マグネシウム、アルミニウム系)、IXE-700F(マグネシウム、アルミニウム系)、IXE-770(マグネシウム、アルミニウム系)、IXE-770D(マグネシウム、アルミニウム系)、IXE-702(アルミニウム系)、IXE-1000(鉛系)などが挙げられる。
陽イオン捕捉剤としては、例えばリン酸塩、酸化マンガン水和物、酸化ケイ素水和物、酸化ニオブ水和物、酸化タンタル水和物、酸化タンタル水和物、酸化モリブデン水和物、酸化タングステン水和物等の金属の含水酸化物、リンモリブデン酸アンモン、モリブデン酸チタン、タングステン酸チタン、モリブデン酸スズ、タングステン酸スズ、トリポリリン酸クロム、などを挙げることができる。また、東亞合成株式会社から市場されている陽イオン交換体IXE-200(スズ系)、IXE-400(チタン系)などが挙げられる。
In the present invention, other ion scavengers may be used in combination with the above ion scavenger. Examples of other ion scavengers include the following.
Inorganic ion exchanger that adsorbs anions and cations (combined with anion and cation scavenger), beryllium oxide hydrate, gallium oxide hydrate, lanthanum oxide hydrate, iron oxide hydrate, aluminum oxide hydrate And hydrous oxides of metals such as titanium oxide hydrate, tin oxide hydrate, germanium oxide hydrate and thorium oxide hydrate.
Examples of the anion scavenger include talcite. In addition, anion exchangers IXE-700 (magnesium, aluminum-based), IXE-700F (magnesium, aluminum-based), IXE-770 (magnesium, aluminum-based), IXE-770D (marketed by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) Magnesium, aluminum-based), IXE-702 (aluminum-based), and IXE-1000 (lead-based).
Examples of the cation scavenger include phosphate, manganese oxide hydrate, silicon oxide hydrate, niobium oxide hydrate, tantalum oxide hydrate, tantalum oxide hydrate, molybdenum oxide hydrate, tungsten oxide. Examples thereof include hydrous oxides of metals such as hydrates, ammonium phosphomolybdate, titanium molybdate, titanium tungstate, tin molybdate, tin tungstate, chromium tripolyphosphate, and the like. Further, cation exchangers IXE-200 (tin-based), IXE-400 (titanium-based) marketed by Toagosei Co., Ltd. and the like can be mentioned.
<着色顔料>
本発明の感光性樹脂組成物中に着色顔料を含有することが好ましい。
着色顔料としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ビクトリア・ピュアーブルーBO(C.I.42595)、オーラミン(C.I.41000)、ファット・ブラックHB(C.I.26150)、モノライト・イエローG
T(C.I.ピグメント・イエロー12)、パーマネント・イエローGR(C.I.ピグメント・イエロー17)、C.I.ピグメント・イエロー55、パーマネント・イエローHR(C.I.ピグメント・イエロー83)、パーマネント・カーミンFBB(C.I.ピグメント・レッド146)、ホスターバームレッドESB(C.I.ピグメント・バイオレット19)、パーマネント・ルビーFBH(C.I.ピグメント・レッド11)ファステル・ピンクBスプラ(C.I.ピグメント・レッド81)モナストラル・ファースト・ブルー(C.I.ピグメント・ブルー15)、モノライト・ファースト・ブラックB(C.I.ピグメント・ブラック1)、カーボン、C.I.ピグメント・レッド97、C.I.ピグメント・レッド122、C.I.ピグメント・レッド149、C.I.ピグメント・レッド168、C.I.ピグメント・レッド177、C.I.ピグメント・レッド180、C.I.ピグメント・レッド192、C.I.ピグメント・レッド215、C.I.ピグメント・グリーン7、C.I.ピグメント・グリーン36、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー15:1、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー15:3、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー15:4、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー15:6、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー22、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー60、C.I.ピグメント・ブルー64などが挙げられる。これらは1種単独で用いてもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。また、必要に応じて、公知の染料の中から、適宜選択した染料を使用することができる。
<Coloring pigment>
It is preferable to contain a color pigment in the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a coloring pigment, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, Victoria pure blue BO (CI. 42595), auramine (CI. 41000), fat black HB ( CI.26150), Monolite Yellow G
T (C.I. Pigment Yellow 12), Permanent Yellow GR (C.I. Pigment Yellow 17), C.I. I. Pigment Yellow 55, Permanent Yellow HR (CI Pigment Yellow 83), Permanent Carmine FBB (CI Pigment Red 146), Hoster Balm Red ESB (CI Pigment Violet 19), Permanent Ruby FBH (CI Pigment Red 11) Fastel Pink B Supra (CI Pigment Red 81) Monastral First Blue (CI Pigment Blue 15), Monolite First Black B (CI Pigment Black 1), carbon, C.I. I. Pigment red 97, C.I. I. Pigment red 122, C.I. I. Pigment red 149, C.I. I. Pigment red 168, C.I. I. Pigment red 177, C.I. I. Pigment red 180, C.I. I. Pigment red 192, C.I. I. Pigment red 215, C.I. I. Pigment green 7, C.I. I. Pigment green 36, C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 1, C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 3, C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 4, C.I. I. Pigment blue 15: 6, C.I. I. Pigment blue 22, C.I. I. Pigment blue 60, C.I. I. Pigment blue 64 and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, the dye suitably selected from well-known dye can be used as needed.
前記着色顔料の前記感光性樹脂組成物固形分中の含有量は、永久パターン形成の際の感光層の露光感度、解像性などを考慮して決めることができ、前記着色顔料の種類により異なるが、一般的には0.01~10質量%が好ましく、0.05~5質量%がより好ましい。 The content of the colored pigment in the solid content of the photosensitive resin composition can be determined in consideration of the exposure sensitivity, resolution, etc. of the photosensitive layer during permanent pattern formation, and varies depending on the type of the colored pigment. However, generally 0.01 to 10% by mass is preferable, and 0.05 to 5% by mass is more preferable.
<その他の成分>
前記その他の成分としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、熱硬化促進剤、熱重合禁止剤、可塑剤、表面処理剤などが挙げられ、更に基材表面への密着促進剤及びその他の助剤類(例えば、導電性粒子、充填剤、消泡剤、難燃剤、レベリング剤、剥離促進剤、酸化防止剤、香料、表面張力調整剤、連鎖移動剤など)を併用してもよい。
これらの成分を適宜含有させることにより、目的とする感光性樹脂組成物の安定性、写真性、膜物性などの性質を調整することができる。
前記熱重合禁止剤としては、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0101〕~〔0102〕に記載の熱重合禁止剤などが挙げられる。
前記熱硬化促進剤としては、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0093〕に記載の熱硬化促進剤などが挙げられる。
前記可塑剤としては、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0103〕~〔0104〕に記載の可塑剤などが挙げられる。
前記表面処理剤としては、特開2008-102486号公報の段落〔0017〕~〔0022〕に記載のシランカップリング剤などが挙げられる。
前記密着促進剤としては、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0107〕~〔0109〕に記載の密着促進剤などが挙げられる。
<Other ingredients>
The other components are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include a thermosetting accelerator, a thermal polymerization inhibitor, a plasticizer, and a surface treatment agent, and further, the surface of the substrate. Adhesion promoters and other auxiliaries (for example, conductive particles, fillers, antifoaming agents, flame retardants, leveling agents, peeling accelerators, antioxidants, perfumes, surface tension modifiers, chain transfer agents, etc. ) May be used in combination.
By appropriately containing these components, it is possible to adjust properties such as stability, photographic properties, and film properties of the target photosensitive resin composition.
Examples of the thermal polymerization inhibitor include thermal polymerization inhibitors described in paragraphs [0101] to [0102] of JP-A-2008-250074.
Examples of the thermosetting accelerator include the thermosetting accelerator described in paragraph [0093] of JP-A-2008-250074.
Examples of the plasticizer include plasticizers described in paragraphs [0103] to [0104] of JP-A-2008-250074.
Examples of the surface treatment agent include silane coupling agents described in paragraphs [0017] to [0022] of JP-A-2008-102486.
Examples of the adhesion promoter include adhesion promoters described in paragraphs [0107] to [0109] of JP-A-2008-250074.
前記感光性樹脂組成物の使用形態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、液状で使用してもよいし、感光性フィルムとして使用してもよい。 The usage form of the photosensitive resin composition is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. The photosensitive resin composition may be used in a liquid state or may be used as a photosensitive film.
<感光性フィルム>
前記感光性フィルムは、少なくとも、支持体と、該支持体上に本発明の感光性樹脂組成物を含む感光層とを有し、更に必要に応じて、その他の層を有する。
<Photosensitive film>
The said photosensitive film has a support body and the photosensitive layer which contains the photosensitive resin composition of this invention on this support body at least, and also has another layer as needed.
-支持体-
前記支持体としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記感光層を剥離可能であり、かつ光の透過性が良好であるものが好ましく、更に表面の平滑性が良好であることがより好ましい。
-Support-
The support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. However, it is preferable that the photosensitive layer is peelable and has good light transmittance, and further has a smooth surface. Is more preferable.
前記支持体としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0115〕~〔0117〕に記載の支持体などが挙げられる。 The support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the support described in paragraphs [0115] to [0117] of JP-A-2008-250074.
-感光層-
前記感光層は、本発明の前記感光性樹脂組成物からなる層であれば、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
また、前記感光層の積層数としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、1層であってもよいし、2層以上であってもよい。
-Photosensitive layer-
If the said photosensitive layer is a layer which consists of the said photosensitive resin composition of this invention, there will be no restriction | limiting in particular, According to the objective, it can select suitably.
Further, the number of laminated photosensitive layers is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it may be one layer or two or more layers.
前記感光層の形成方法としては、前記支持体の上に、本発明の前記感光性樹脂組成物を、水又は溶剤に溶解、乳化又は分散させて感光性樹脂組成物溶液を調製し、該溶液を直接塗布し、乾燥させることにより積層する方法などが挙げられる。 As the method for forming the photosensitive layer, a photosensitive resin composition solution is prepared by dissolving, emulsifying or dispersing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention in water or a solvent on the support, The method of laminating | stacking by apply | coating directly and drying is mentioned.
前記感光性樹脂組成物溶液に用いる溶剤としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。 The solvent used in the photosensitive resin composition solution is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
前記塗布の方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、スピンコーター、スリットスピンコーター、ロールコーター、ダイコーター、カーテンコーター等を用いて、前記支持体に直接塗布する方法などが挙げられる。
前記乾燥の条件としては、各成分、溶媒の種類、使用割合等によっても異なるが、通常60℃~120℃の温度で30秒間~15分間程度である。
The application method is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, using a spin coater, slit spin coater, roll coater, die coater, curtain coater, etc. The method of apply | coating etc. are mentioned.
The drying conditions vary depending on each component, the type of solvent, the use ratio, etc., but are usually 60 ° C. to 120 ° C. for about 30 seconds to 15 minutes.
前記感光層の厚みとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、1μm~100μmが好ましく、2μm~50μmがより好ましく、4μm~30μmが特に好ましい。 The thickness of the photosensitive layer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 1 μm to 100 μm, more preferably 2 μm to 50 μm, and particularly preferably 4 μm to 30 μm.
-その他の層-
前記その他の層としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、保護フィルム、熱可塑性樹脂層、バリア層、剥離層、接着層、光吸収層、表面保護層等の層が挙げられる。前記感光性フィルムは、これらの層を1種単独で有していてもよいし、2種以上を有していてもよい。
-Other layers-
The other layer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, a protective film, a thermoplastic resin layer, a barrier layer, a release layer, an adhesive layer, a light absorbing layer, a surface protective layer, etc. Layer. The said photosensitive film may have these layers individually by 1 type, and may have 2 or more types.
--保護フィルム--
前記感光性フィルムは、前記感光層上に保護フィルムを形成してもよい。
前記保護フィルムとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0118〕に記載の保護フィルムなどが挙げられる。
前記保護フィルムと前記支持体との組合せとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0118〕に記載の組合せなどが挙げられる。
--Protective film--
The photosensitive film may form a protective film on the photosensitive layer.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said protective film, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the protective film as described in Paragraph [0118] of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2008-250074 etc. are mentioned.
The combination of the protective film and the support is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the combination described in paragraph [0118] of JP-A-2008-250074. It is done.
また、前記支持体と前記保護フィルムとの静摩擦係数は、0.3~1.4が好ましく、0.5~1.2がより好ましい。
前記静摩擦係数が、0.3以上であれば、滑り過ぎによって、ロール状にした場合に巻ズレが発生することを防止でき、1.4以下であれば、良好なロール状に巻くことができる。
The static friction coefficient between the support and the protective film is preferably 0.3 to 1.4, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2.
If the static friction coefficient is 0.3 or more, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of winding misalignment when it is made into a roll shape due to excessive slip, and if it is 1.4 or less, it can be wound into a good roll shape. .
前記感光性フィルムの長さ、保管方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0120〕に記載の長さ、保管方法などが挙げられる。 The length and storage method of the photosensitive film are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, the length and storage described in paragraph [0120] of JP-A-2008-250074 are disclosed. The method etc. are mentioned.
前記保護フィルムは、前記保護フィルムと前記感光層との接着性を調整するために表面処理してもよい。前記表面処理は、例えば、前記保護フィルムの表面に、ポリオルガノシロキサン、弗素化ポリオレフィン、ポリフルオロエチレン、ポリビニルアルコール等のポリマーからなる下塗層を形成させる。該下塗層の形成は、前記ポリマーの塗布液を前記保護フィルムの表面に塗布した後、30℃~150℃で1分間~30分間乾燥させることにより形成させることができる。前記乾燥の際の温度は50℃~120℃が特に好ましい。 The protective film may be surface-treated to adjust the adhesion between the protective film and the photosensitive layer. In the surface treatment, for example, an undercoat layer made of a polymer such as polyorganosiloxane, fluorinated polyolefin, polyfluoroethylene, or polyvinyl alcohol is formed on the surface of the protective film. The undercoat layer can be formed by applying the polymer coating solution to the surface of the protective film and then drying at 30 ° C. to 150 ° C. for 1 to 30 minutes. The drying temperature is particularly preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C.
(感光性積層体)
本発明の感光性積層体は、少なくとも基体と、前記基体上に感光層とを有してなり、更に必要に応じて、その他の層を積層してなる。
前記感光層は、本発明の前記感光性樹脂組成物を含む層である。
前記感光層は、例えば、上述の製造方法で作製された前記感光性フィルムから転写されたものであり、上述と同様の構成を有する。
(Photosensitive laminate)
The photosensitive laminate of the present invention comprises at least a substrate and a photosensitive layer on the substrate, and further laminates other layers as necessary.
The photosensitive layer is a layer containing the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention.
The photosensitive layer is, for example, transferred from the photosensitive film produced by the above-described manufacturing method, and has the same configuration as described above.
<基体>
前記基体は、感光層が形成される被処理基体、又は本発明の感光性フィルムの少なくとも感光層が転写される被転写体となるもので、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、表面平滑性の高いものから凸凹のある表面を持つものまで任意に選択できる。板状の基体が好ましく、いわゆる基板が使用される。具体的には、公知のプリント配線板製造用の基板(プリント基板)、ガラス板(ソーダガラス板など)、合成樹脂性のフィルム、紙、金属板などが挙げられる。
<Substrate>
The substrate is a substrate to be processed on which a photosensitive layer is formed, or a substrate to which at least the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive film of the present invention is transferred, and is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it can be arbitrarily selected from those having high surface smoothness to those having a rough surface. A plate-like substrate is preferable, and a so-called substrate is used. Specific examples include known printed wiring board manufacturing substrates (printed substrates), glass plates (soda glass plates, etc.), synthetic resin films, paper, metal plates, and the like.
<感光性積層体の製造方法>
前記感光性積層体の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、本発明の感光性フィルムにおける少なくとも感光層を加熱及び加圧の少なくともいずれかを行いながら転写して積層する方法が挙げられる。
<Method for producing photosensitive laminate>
The method for producing the photosensitive laminate is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, at least one of heating and pressing at least the photosensitive layer in the photosensitive film of the present invention is performed. And a method of transferring and laminating.
前記感光性積層体の製造方法の一例は、前記基体の表面に本発明の感光性フィルムを加熱及び加圧の少なくともいずれかを行いながら積層する方法である。なお、前記感光性フィルムが前記保護フィルムを有する場合には、該保護フィルムを剥離し、前記基体に前記感光層が重なるようにして積層するのが好ましい。
前記加熱温度としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、15℃~180℃が好ましく、60℃~140℃がより好ましい。
前記加圧の圧力としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、0.1MPa~1.0MPaが好ましく、0.2MPa~0.8MPaがより好ましい。
An example of the manufacturing method of the said photosensitive laminated body is the method of laminating | stacking the photosensitive film of this invention on the surface of the said base | substrate, performing at least any one of a heating and pressurization. In addition, when the said photosensitive film has the said protective film, it is preferable to peel this protective film and to laminate | stack so that the said photosensitive layer may overlap with the said base | substrate.
The heating temperature is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 15 ° C. to 180 ° C. is preferable, and 60 ° C. to 140 ° C. is more preferable.
The pressurizing pressure is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 0.1 MPa to 1.0 MPa is preferable, and 0.2 MPa to 0.8 MPa is more preferable.
前記加熱の少なくともいずれかを行う装置としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ラミネータ(例えば、大成ラミネータ株式会社製、VP-II、ニチゴーモートン株式会社製、VP130)などが好適に挙げられる。 The apparatus for performing at least one of the heating is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, a laminator (for example, Taisei Laminator, VP-II, Nichigo Morton, VP130) is preferable.
本発明の感光性フィルム及び前記感光性積層体は、電子材料分野における高精細な永久パターンの形成用として広く用いることができ、特に、プリント基板の永久パターン形成用に好適に用いることができる。 The photosensitive film and the photosensitive laminate of the present invention can be widely used for forming a high-definition permanent pattern in the field of electronic materials, and can be particularly suitably used for forming a permanent pattern on a printed circuit board.
(永久パターン形成方法)
本発明の永久パターン形成方法は、露光工程を少なくとも含み、更に必要に応じて、その他の工程を含む。
(Permanent pattern forming method)
The permanent pattern forming method of the present invention includes at least an exposure step, and further includes other steps as necessary.
<露光工程>
前記露光工程は、本発明の感光性樹脂組成物により形成された感光層に対して露光を行う工程であれば、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、本発明の前記感光性積層体における感光層に対して露光を行う工程が挙げられる。
<Exposure process>
The exposure step is not particularly limited as long as it is a step of exposing the photosensitive layer formed by the photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. For example, the present invention The process of exposing with respect to the photosensitive layer in the said photosensitive laminated body is mentioned.
前記露光の対象としては、前記感光層である限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、基材上に感光性フィルムを加熱及び加圧の少なくともいずれかを行いながら積層して形成した積層体に対して行われることが好ましい。 The subject of the exposure is not particularly limited as long as it is the photosensitive layer, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, but while performing at least one of heating and pressurizing the photosensitive film on the substrate. It is preferable to be performed on a laminated body formed by laminating.
前記露光としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、デジタル露光、アナログ露光などが挙げられる。 The exposure is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include digital exposure and analog exposure.
<その他の工程>
前記その他の工程としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、基材の表面処理工程、現像工程、硬化処理工程、ポスト露光工程などが挙げられる。
<Other processes>
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said other process, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the surface treatment process of a base material, a development process, a hardening process process, a post exposure process etc. are mentioned.
-現像工程-
前記現像工程は、前記感光層の未露光部分を除去する工程である。
前記露光部分の除去方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、現像液を用いて除去する方法などが挙げられる。
-Development process-
The developing step is a step of removing an unexposed portion of the photosensitive layer.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a removal method of the said exposed part, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the method etc. which remove using a developing solution are mentioned.
前記現像液としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0171〕~〔0173〕に記載の現像液などが挙げられる。 The developer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include the developers described in paragraphs [0171] to [0173] of JP-A-2008-250074.
-硬化処理工程-
前記硬化処理工程は、前記現像工程が行われた後、形成されたパターンにおける感光層に対して硬化処理を行う工程である。
前記硬化処理工程としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、例えば、全面露光処理、全面加熱処理などが好適に挙げられる。
-Curing process-
The curing treatment step is a step of performing a curing treatment on the photosensitive layer in the formed pattern after the development step is performed.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as said hardening process, Although it can select suitably according to the objective, For example, a whole surface exposure process, a whole surface heat processing, etc. are mentioned suitably.
前記全面露光処理、及び前記全面加熱処理の方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、特開2008-250074号公報の段落〔0176〕~〔0177〕に記載の方法などが挙げられる。 The method for the whole surface exposure treatment and the whole surface heat treatment is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, in paragraphs [0176] to [0177] of JP-A-2008-250074 The method of description is mentioned.
前記永久パターンの形成方法が、保護膜、層間絶縁膜、及びソルダーレジストパターンの少なくともいずれかを形成する永久パターン形成方法である場合には、プリント基板上に前記永久パターン形成方法により、永久パターンを形成し、更に、以下のように半田付けを行うことができる。
即ち、前記現像により、前記永久パターンである硬化層が形成され、前記プリント基板の表面に金属層が露出される。該プリント配線板の表面に露出した金属層の部位に対して金メッキを行った後、半田付けを行う。そして、半田付けを行った部位に、半導体や部品などを実装する。このとき、前記硬化層による永久パターンが、保護膜あるいは絶縁膜(層間絶縁膜)、ソルダーレジストとしての機能を発揮し、外部からの衝撃や隣同士の電極の導通が防止される。
When the permanent pattern forming method is a permanent pattern forming method for forming at least one of a protective film, an interlayer insulating film, and a solder resist pattern, the permanent pattern is formed on a printed circuit board by the permanent pattern forming method. Then, soldering can be performed as follows.
That is, by the development, a hardened layer that is the permanent pattern is formed, and the metal layer is exposed on the surface of the printed board. Gold plating is performed on the portion of the metal layer exposed on the surface of the printed wiring board, and then soldering is performed. Then, a semiconductor or a component is mounted on the soldered portion. At this time, the permanent pattern by the hardened layer exhibits a function as a protective film, an insulating film (interlayer insulating film), or a solder resist, and prevents external impact and conduction between adjacent electrodes.
(プリント基板)
本発明のプリント基板は、少なくとも基体と、前記永久パターン形成方法により形成された永久パターンと、を有してなり、更に、必要に応じて適宜選択した、その他の構成を有する。
その他の構成としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、基材と前記永久パターン間に、更に絶縁層が設けられたビルドアップ基板などが挙げられる。
(Printed board)
The printed circuit board of the present invention comprises at least a substrate and a permanent pattern formed by the permanent pattern forming method, and further has other configurations appropriately selected as necessary.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular as another structure, According to the objective, it can select suitably, For example, the buildup board | substrate etc. in which the insulating layer was further provided between the base material and the said permanent pattern are mentioned.
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらの実施例に何ら制限されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
なお、合成例における酸価、質量平均分子量、エチレン性不飽和基当量は、以下の方法により測定した。
<酸価>
酸価は、JIS K0070に準拠して測定した。ただし、サンプルが溶解しない場合は、溶媒としてジオキサン又はテトラヒドロフランなどを使用した。
<質量平均分子量>
質量平均分子量は、高速GPC装置(東洋曹達工業株式会社製HLC-802A)を使用して、0.5質量%のTHF溶液を試料溶液とし、カラムはTSKgel HZM-M 1本を使用し、200μLの試料を注入し、前記THF溶液で溶離して、25℃で屈折率検出器あるいはUV検出器(検出波長254nm)により測定した。
<エチレン性不飽和基当量>
エチレン性不飽和基当量は、臭素価をJIS K2605に準拠して測定することにより求めた。
In addition, the acid value, the mass average molecular weight, and the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent in the synthesis examples were measured by the following methods.
<Acid value>
The acid value was measured according to JIS K0070. However, when the sample did not dissolve, dioxane or tetrahydrofuran was used as a solvent.
<Mass average molecular weight>
The mass average molecular weight was determined by using a high-speed GPC apparatus (HLC-802A manufactured by Toyo Soda Kogyo Co., Ltd.), a 0.5% by mass THF solution as a sample solution, a column using one TSKgel HZM-M, and 200 μL. The sample was injected, eluted with the THF solution, and measured with a refractive index detector or a UV detector (detection wavelength: 254 nm) at 25 ° C.
<Equivalent ethylenically unsaturated group>
The ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent was determined by measuring the bromine number according to JIS K2605.
(合成例1)
<酸基とエチレン性不飽和基を含有するポリウレタン樹脂U1の合成>
コンデンサー、及び撹拌機を備えた500mLの3つ口丸底フラスコ内に、リンゴ酸1.9g(0.01モル)と2,2-ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)プロピオン酸(DMPA)8.4g(0.06モル)とグリセロールモノメタクリレート12.7g(0.08モル)とポリプロピレングリコール(PPG1000)10.6g(0.01モル)とヘキサメチレングリコール10.2g(0.07モル)をシクロヘキサノン60gに溶解した。これに、4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)48.1g(0.19モル)とヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HMDI)8.1g(0.05モル)、2,6-ジ-t-ブチルヒドロキシトルエン0.1g、及び触媒として商品名:ネオスタンU-600(日東化成株式会社製)0.2gを添加し、75℃で5時間加熱撹拌した。その後、メチルアルコール9.61mLにて希釈して30分間撹拌し、165gの下記式で表されるポリウレタン樹脂U1溶液(固形分45質量%)を得た。
得られたポリウレタン樹脂U1は、固形分酸価が48mgKOH/gであり、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)にて測定した質量平均分子量(ポリスチレン標準)が11,000であった。また、エチレン性不飽和基当量は1.3mmol/gであった。
(Synthesis Example 1)
<Synthesis of polyurethane resin U1 containing acid group and ethylenically unsaturated group>
In a 500 mL three-necked round bottom flask equipped with a condenser and a stirrer, 1.9 g (0.01 mol) of malic acid and 8.4 g of 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA) (0 0.06 mol), 12.7 g (0.08 mol) of glycerol monomethacrylate, 10.6 g (0.01 mol) of polypropylene glycol (PPG1000) and 10.2 g (0.07 mol) of hexamethylene glycol are dissolved in 60 g of cyclohexanone. did. To this, 48.1 g (0.19 mol) of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), 8.1 g (0.05 mol) of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), 2,6-di-t-butylhydroxytoluene 0.1 g and 0.2 g of a trade name: Neostan U-600 (manufactured by Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd.) were added as a catalyst, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 75 ° C. for 5 hours. Then, it diluted with 9.61 mL of methyl alcohol, and stirred for 30 minutes, and obtained the polyurethane resin U1 solution (solid content 45 mass%) represented by a following formula of 165g.
The obtained polyurethane resin U1 had a solid content acid value of 48 mgKOH / g, and a mass average molecular weight (polystyrene standard) measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was 11,000. Moreover, the ethylenically unsaturated group equivalent was 1.3 mmol / g.
(合成例2)
<エラストマーのポリエステル樹脂E-1の合成>
テレフタル酸ジメチル699質量部、イソフタル酸ジメチル524質量部、アジピン酸ジメチル226質量部、セバシン酸ジメチル553質量部、2,2-ジメチルプロパンジオール417質量部、ブタンジオール324質量部、エチレングリコール769質量部、酸化防止剤として、イルガノックス1330(チバジャパン株式会社製)2質量部、及びテトラブチルチタネート0.9質量部を反応器内で混合させ、攪拌下室温から260℃まで2時間かけて昇温し、その後260℃で1時間加熱しエステル交換反応を行った。次いで、反応器内を徐々に減圧にすると共に昇温し、30分間かけて245℃、0.5~2torrにして初期重縮合反応を行った。更に、245℃、0.5~2torrの状態で4時間重合反応を行った後、乾燥窒素を導入しながら30分間かけて常圧へ戻し、ポリエステルをペレット状に取り出し、ポリエステル樹脂E-1を得た。得られたポリエステル樹脂E-1をプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテートにて60質量%の固形分濃度となるように希釈溶解し、ポリエステル樹脂E-1溶液を得た。
得られたポリエステル樹脂E-1のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーにて測定した質量平均分子量(ポリスチレン標準)は3.4万であった。
(Synthesis Example 2)
<Synthesis of Elastomer Polyester Resin E-1>
699 parts by weight of dimethyl terephthalate, 524 parts by weight of dimethyl isophthalate, 226 parts by weight of dimethyl adipate, 553 parts by weight of dimethyl sebacate, 417 parts by weight of 2,2-dimethylpropanediol, 324 parts by weight of butanediol, 769 parts by weight of ethylene glycol As an antioxidant, 2 parts by mass of Irganox 1330 (manufactured by Ciba Japan Co., Ltd.) and 0.9 parts by mass of tetrabutyl titanate were mixed in the reactor, and the temperature was raised from room temperature to 260 ° C. over 2 hours with stirring. Then, the mixture was heated at 260 ° C. for 1 hour to conduct a transesterification reaction. Next, the pressure in the reactor was gradually reduced and the temperature was raised, and an initial polycondensation reaction was performed at 245 ° C. and 0.5 to 2 torr over 30 minutes. Further, after carrying out the polymerization reaction at 245 ° C. and 0.5 to 2 torr for 4 hours, the pressure was returned to normal pressure over 30 minutes while introducing dry nitrogen, and the polyester was taken out into pellets to obtain polyester resin E-1. Obtained. The obtained polyester resin E-1 was diluted and dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate to a solid content concentration of 60% by mass to obtain a polyester resin E-1 solution.
The obtained polyester resin E-1 had a mass average molecular weight (polystyrene standard) measured by gel permeation chromatography was 34,000.
(合成例3)
<分散剤D-1の合成>
三つ口フラスコにシクロヘキサノン36gを入れた後、メタクリル酸2-(ジメチルアミノ)エチルエステル21.6g、ヘキサヒドロフタル酸モノ2-(メタクリロイルオキシ)エチルエステル24.8g、東亜合成(株)製マクロモノマーAS-6 33.6g、Dimethyl 2,2’-Azobis(isobutyrate)1.28g、3-メルカプトプロピオン酸2-エチルへキシルエステル3.2g、シクロヘキサノン78gを混合した液を80℃、窒素気流下、1時間半かけて滴下した。反応液を3時間撹拌した後、シクロヘキサノン200gを加え、分散剤溶液D-1を得た。
分散剤溶液D-1における分散剤ポリマーD-1の固形分濃度は20質量%である。
(Synthesis Example 3)
<Synthesis of Dispersant D-1>
After putting 36 g of cyclohexanone in a three-necked flask, 21.6 g of methacrylic acid 2- (dimethylamino) ethyl ester, 24.8 g of hexahydrophthalic acid mono 2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl ester, Macros from Toa Gosei Co., Ltd. Monomer AS-6 (33.6 g), Dimethyl 2,2′-Azobis (isobutyrate) 1.28 g, 3-mercaptopropionic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (3.2 g) and cyclohexanone (78 g) were mixed at 80 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. It was dripped over 1.5 hours. After stirring the reaction solution for 3 hours, 200 g of cyclohexanone was added to obtain a dispersant solution D-1.
The solid content concentration of the dispersant polymer D-1 in the dispersant solution D-1 is 20% by mass.
(実施例1)
<感光性フィルムの製造>
支持体としての厚み16μmのポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(東レ社製、16FB50)上に、下記の組成からなる感光性樹脂組成物溶液を塗布し、乾燥させて、前記支持体上に厚み30μmの感光層を形成した。前記感光層上に、保護層として、厚み20μmのポリプロピレンフィルム(王子特殊紙社製、アルファンE-200)を積層し、感光性フィルムを製造した。
(Example 1)
<Manufacture of photosensitive film>
A photosensitive resin composition solution having the following composition is applied onto a polyethylene terephthalate film (16FB50, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) having a thickness of 16 μm as a support, and dried to form a photosensitive layer having a thickness of 30 μm on the support. Formed. On the photosensitive layer, a 20 μm-thick polypropylene film (manufactured by Oji Specialty Paper Co., Ltd., Alphan E-200) was laminated as a protective layer to produce a photosensitive film.
-感光性樹脂組成物溶液の組成-
下記の各成分を混合し、感光性組成物溶液を調製した。
・合成例1のポリウレタン樹脂U1溶液(固形分45質量%)
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・20.3質量部
・重合性化合物:DCP-A(共栄社化学社製)・・・・・5.3質量部
・熱架橋剤:エポトートYDF-170(東都化成社製)・2.9質量部
・開始剤:イルガキュア907(BASF社製)・・・・・0.6質量部
・増感剤:DETX-S(日本化薬社製)・・・・・・0.005質量部
・反応助剤:EAB-F(保土ヶ谷化学社製)・・・・0.019質量部
・顔料分散液(以下、「G-2」という)・・・・・・・30.1質量部
・塗布助剤:メガファックF-780F・・・・・・・・・0.2質量部
(大日本インキ化学工業社製:30質量%メチルエチルケトン溶液)
・エラストマー:ポリエステル樹脂E-1(固形分60質量%)
(合成例2のポリエステル樹脂)・・・・・・・・・・・2.7質量部
-Composition of photosensitive resin composition solution-
The following components were mixed to prepare a photosensitive composition solution.
-Polyurethane resin U1 solution of Synthesis Example 1 (solid content 45% by mass)
20.3 parts by mass Polymerizable compound: DCP-A (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.)・ 5.3 parts by mass ・ Thermal crosslinking agent: Epototo YDF-170 (manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd.) ・ 2.9 parts by mass ・ Initiator: Irgacure 907 (manufactured by BASF) ・ 0.6 parts by mass ・ Increase Sensitizer: DETX-S (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) ··· 0.005 parts by mass · Reaction aid: EAB-F (Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) ··· 0.019 parts by mass · Pigment dispersion Liquid (hereinafter referred to as "G-2") ... 30.1 parts by massCoating aid: Megafac F-780F ... 0.2 parts by mass (Dainippon Ink Chemical Industries, Ltd .: 30% by mass methyl ethyl ketone solution)
Elastomer: Polyester resin E-1 (solid content 60% by mass)
(Polyester resin of Synthesis Example 2) ... 2.7 parts by mass
なお、前記顔料分散液「G-2」は、シリカ(アドマテックス社製、SO-C2)32.0質量部と、合成例3の分散剤D-1溶液(固形分20質量%)2.2質量部と、合成例1のポリウレタン樹脂U1溶液(固形分45質量%)12.0質量部と、フタロシアニンブルー0.21質量部と、アントラキノン系黄色顔料(C.I.PY24)0.06質量部と、イオン捕捉剤のIXE-6107(東亞合成社製)1.65質量部と、メラミン(和光純薬工業社製)0.35質量部と、シクロヘキサノン77.4質量部とを予め混合した後、モーターミルM-250(アイガー社製)で、直径1.0mmのジルコニアビーズを用い、周速9m/sにて3時間分散して調製した。
ここで、イオン捕捉剤のIXE-6107(東亞合成社製)は、酸化ビスマスとリン酸ジルコニウムの混合物である。
The pigment dispersion “G-2” is composed of 32.0 parts by mass of silica (manufactured by Admatechs, SO-C2) and the dispersant D-1 solution of Synthesis Example 3 (solid content 20% by mass). 2 parts by mass, 12.0 parts by mass of the polyurethane resin U1 solution (solid content 45% by mass) of Synthesis Example 1, 0.21 parts by mass of phthalocyanine blue, and 0.06 of an anthraquinone yellow pigment (CI PY24) 1 part by mass, 1.65 parts by mass of IXE-6107 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.), 0.35 parts by mass of melamine (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), and 77.4 parts by mass of cyclohexanone After that, the mixture was prepared by dispersing with a motor mill M-250 (manufactured by Eiger) using zirconia beads having a diameter of 1.0 mm at a peripheral speed of 9 m / s for 3 hours.
Here, the ion scavenger IXE-6107 (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) is a mixture of bismuth oxide and zirconium phosphate.
-基体への積層-
銅張積層板(スルーホールなし、銅厚み12μm)の表面に化学研磨処理を施して基体を調製した。該銅張積層板上に、前記感光性フィルムの感光層が前記銅張積層板に接するようにして前記感光性フィルムにおける保護フィルムを剥がしながら、真空ラミネータ(ニチゴーモートン株式会社製、VP130)を用いて積層させ、前記銅張積層板と、前記感光層と、前記ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)とがこの順に積層された感光性積層体を調製した。
圧着条件は、真空引きの時間40秒間、圧着温度70℃、圧着圧力0.2MPa、加圧時間10秒間とした。
-Lamination on substrate-
A substrate was prepared by subjecting the surface of a copper-clad laminate (no through-hole, copper thickness 12 μm) to chemical polishing treatment. A vacuum laminator (manufactured by Nichigo Morton Co., Ltd., VP130) was used on the copper-clad laminate while peeling off the protective film from the photosensitive film so that the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive film was in contact with the copper-clad laminate. Thus, a photosensitive laminate was prepared in which the copper-clad laminate, the photosensitive layer, and the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) were laminated in this order.
The pressure bonding conditions were a vacuum drawing time of 40 seconds, a pressure bonding temperature of 70 ° C., a pressure bonding pressure of 0.2 MPa, and a pressure time of 10 seconds.
-露光工程-
前記調製した感光性積層体における感光層に対し、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)側から、所定のパターンを有するガラスマスクを通して、平行光露光機(超高圧水銀灯)で所定のパターンが得られるようにエネルギー量60mJ/cm2で照射し、前記感光層の一部の領域を硬化させた。
-Exposure process-
A predetermined pattern is obtained with a parallel light exposure machine (ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) from the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) side through a glass mask having a predetermined pattern with respect to the photosensitive layer in the prepared photosensitive laminate. Irradiation was performed with an energy amount of 60 mJ / cm 2 to cure a part of the photosensitive layer.
-現像工程-
室温にて10分間静置した後、前記感光性積層体からポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)を剥がし取り、銅張積層板上の感光層の全面に、アルカリ現像液として、1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を用い、30℃にて60秒間、0.18MPa(1.8kgf/cm2)の圧力でスプレー現像し、未露光の領域を溶解除去した。その後、水洗し、乾燥させ、永久パターンを形成した。
-Development process-
After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) is peeled off from the photosensitive laminate, and a 1% by mass sodium carbonate aqueous solution is used as an alkaline developer on the entire surface of the photosensitive layer on the copper clad laminate. Was spray-developed at 30 ° C. for 60 seconds at a pressure of 0.18 MPa (1.8 kgf / cm 2 ) to dissolve and remove unexposed areas. Thereafter, it was washed with water and dried to form a permanent pattern.
-硬化処理工程-
前記永久パターンが形成された積層体の全面に対して、150℃で1時間加熱処理を施し、その後、1J/cm2の条件で後露光を行い、永久パターンの表面を硬化し、膜強度を高め、試験板を作製した。
-Curing process-
The entire surface of the laminate on which the permanent pattern is formed is subjected to a heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 1 hour, and then subjected to post-exposure under the condition of 1 J / cm 2 to cure the surface of the permanent pattern and to improve the film strength. Raised and produced a test plate.
<評価>
以下のようにして、絶縁性、現像残渣、解像性、耐熱性および耐メッキ性を評価した。これらの結果をまとめて下記表1に示す。
<Evaluation>
Insulation, development residue, resolution, heat resistance and plating resistance were evaluated as follows. These results are summarized in Table 1 below.
<<絶縁性>>
前記基体への積層において、銅張積層板を、銅厚12μm、L/S=25μm/25μmの櫛形基板に代えた以外は、上記と同様にして、基体への積層、露光工程、現像工程、硬化処理工程を行い、評価用基板を作製した。
評価用基板を用い、130℃、85%RH、50V、200時間の条件で超加速高温高湿寿命試験(HAST)を実施した。
その後の評価用基板のソルダーレジストのマイグレーションの発生程度を100倍の光学顕微鏡により観察した。
〔評価基準〕
AA:短絡無し。さらにマイグレーションの発生が確認できず、絶縁性に優れる
A:短絡無し。ただし、マイグレーションの発生が銅上僅かに確認される
B:短絡有り。マイグレーションの発生が銅上僅かに確認される
C:短絡有り。マイグレーションの発生も確認される
<< Insulation >>
In the lamination to the substrate, the lamination on the substrate, the exposure step, the development step, and the like, except that the copper-clad laminate was replaced with a comb substrate having a copper thickness of 12 μm and L / S = 25 μm / 25 μm. A curing process was performed to produce an evaluation substrate.
Using the evaluation substrate, a super accelerated high temperature high humidity life test (HAST) was performed under the conditions of 130 ° C., 85% RH, 50 V, 200 hours.
The degree of occurrence of solder resist migration on the subsequent evaluation substrate was observed with a 100 × optical microscope.
〔Evaluation criteria〕
AA: No short circuit. Furthermore, the occurrence of migration cannot be confirmed, and the insulation is excellent. A: No short circuit. However, the occurrence of migration is confirmed slightly on copper. B: There is a short circuit. The occurrence of migration is confirmed slightly on copper. C: There is a short circuit. The occurrence of migration is also confirmed
<<現像残渣>>
前記解像性の評価にて、形成された丸穴パターンのうち、80μm、及び120μmの丸穴の底部の残渣をSEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)にて観察し、このようにして得られた硬化樹脂パターン付き銅張積層板の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察し、パターンの丸穴底部に残渣が無いこと、パターン部の捲くれ・剥がれなどの異常が無く、かつスペース形成可能な最小の丸穴パターン幅を測定し、下記基準で評価した。
〔評価基準〕
AA:直径80μmの丸穴の基板上に現像残渣はなく、現像残渣除去性に優れている
A:直径120μmの丸穴の基板上に現像残渣はなく、現像残渣除去性が良好である
B:直径120μmの丸穴の基板上に僅かに現像残渣があり、現像残渣除去性がやや劣る
C:直径120μmの丸穴の基板上に現像残渣があり、現像残渣除去性が劣る
<< Development residue >>
In the evaluation of the resolution, among the formed round hole patterns, residues at the bottom of the round holes of 80 μm and 120 μm were observed with a SEM (scanning electron microscope), and thus obtained curing was obtained. The surface of the copper-clad laminate with a resin pattern is observed with an optical microscope, and there is no residue at the bottom of the round hole of the pattern, and there is no abnormality such as blistering / peeling of the pattern part, and the smallest round hole pattern that can form a space The width was measured and evaluated according to the following criteria.
〔Evaluation criteria〕
AA: There is no development residue on a substrate having a round hole with a diameter of 80 μm, and the development residue removal property is excellent. A: There is no development residue on a substrate with a round hole having a diameter of 120 μm, and the development residue removal property is good. There is a slight development residue on a substrate with a round hole with a diameter of 120 μm, and the development residue removability is slightly inferior. C: There is a development residue on a substrate with a round hole with a diameter of 120 μm, and the removability of the development residue is inferior.
<<解像性>>
前記感光性積層体を室温(23℃)で55%RHにて10分間静置した。得られた感光性積層体のポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)上から、丸穴パターンを用い、丸穴の直径の幅30μm~100μmの丸穴が形成できるよう、パターン形成装置を用いて60mJ/cm2で露光を行った。
室温にて10分間静置した後、前記感光性積層体からポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(支持体)を剥がし取った。
銅張積層板上の感光層の全面に、現像液として30℃の1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液をスプレー圧0.15MPaにて前記最短現像時間の2倍の時間スプレーし、未硬化領域を溶解除去した。
このようにして得られた硬化樹脂パターン付き銅張積層板の表面を光学顕微鏡で観察し、パターン部の残渣、アンダーカット、及び剥がれなどの異常が無く、かつスペース形成可能な最小の丸穴パターン幅を測定し、これを解像度とし、下記基準で評価した。該解像度は数値が小さいほど良好である。
〔評価基準〕
AA:直径50μm以下の丸穴が解像可能で、解像性に優れている
A:直径50μmを超え、70μm以下の丸穴が解像可能で、解像性が良好である
B:直径70μmを超え、100μm以下の丸穴が解像可能で、解像性がやや劣る
C:丸穴が解像不可で、解像性が劣る
<< Resolution >>
The photosensitive laminate was allowed to stand at 55% RH for 10 minutes at room temperature (23 ° C.). From the obtained photosensitive laminate polyethylene terephthalate film (support), a round hole pattern is used to form a round hole having a diameter of 30 μm to 100 μm at a diameter of 60 mJ / cm using a pattern forming apparatus. 2 was exposed.
After standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, the polyethylene terephthalate film (support) was peeled off from the photosensitive laminate.
The entire surface of the photosensitive layer on the copper clad laminate is sprayed with a 1% by weight sodium carbonate aqueous solution at 30 ° C. as a developer at a spray pressure of 0.15 MPa for twice the shortest development time to dissolve and remove uncured areas. did.
The surface of the copper-clad laminate with a cured resin pattern obtained in this way is observed with an optical microscope, and there is no abnormality such as pattern residue, undercut, or peeling, and the smallest round hole pattern that can form a space The width was measured, and this was taken as the resolution and evaluated according to the following criteria. The smaller the numerical value, the better the resolution.
〔Evaluation criteria〕
AA: A round hole with a diameter of 50 μm or less can be resolved, and the resolution is excellent. A: A round hole with a diameter exceeding 50 μm and not more than 70 μm can be resolved, and the resolution is good B: 70 μm in diameter And a round hole of 100 μm or less can be resolved, and the resolution is slightly inferior C: The round hole cannot be resolved, and the resolution is poor
<<耐熱性>>
基板上に各感光性組成物からなるソルダーレジスト層を形成しロジン系フラックスを塗布した評価基板を、予め260℃に設定したはんだ槽に30秒間浸漬し、変性アルコールでフラックスを洗浄した後、目視によるレジスト層の膨れ、剥れ、及び変色について、下記基準により評価した。
〔評価基準〕
AA:全く変化が認められず、耐熱性に特に優れる
A:膨れ、剥がれ、変色の何れかが僅かに見られるものの、耐熱性に優れる
B:膨れ、剥がれが僅かに見られるものの、耐熱性が良好である
C:一部膨れ、剥がれが見られ、耐熱性が劣る
D:塗膜に膨れ、剥れがある
<< Heat resistance >>
An evaluation substrate on which a solder resist layer made of each photosensitive composition is formed on a substrate and a rosin-based flux is applied is immersed in a solder bath previously set at 260 ° C. for 30 seconds, and the flux is washed with denatured alcohol. The swelling, peeling, and discoloration of the resist layer due to were evaluated according to the following criteria.
〔Evaluation criteria〕
AA: No change is observed and heat resistance is particularly excellent. A: Swelling, peeling, and discoloration are slightly observed, but heat resistance is excellent. B: Swelling and peeling are slightly observed, but heat resistance is excellent. Good C: Partial swelling and peeling are observed and heat resistance is inferior D: The coating film is swollen and peeled
<<耐メッキ性>>
以下のようにして得られた永久パターンについてのめっき耐性を評価した。
基体として、銅張積層板(スルーホールなし、銅厚み12μm)の表面に化学研磨処理を施したものを使用した以外は、個別の評価用でなく、前述の最初に説明した感光性積層体の場合と同様にして新たに作製した感光性積層体を用いた。
この感光性積層体の感光層表面に、フォトマスク越しに、最適露光量にて30μm~1,000μmまでの独立配線パターンを形成し、室温にて10分間静置した後、前記感光性積層体から前記支持体を剥がし取り、銅張積層板上の感光層の全面に、30℃の1質量%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液をスプレー圧0.15MPaにて前記最短現像時間の2~3倍の時間(又は40秒~60秒)スプレー現像し、未硬化の領域を溶解除去した。その後、超高圧水銀灯により200mJ/cm2で全面露光を行い、更に150℃で1時間加熱処理(ポストベーク)をして永久パターンを形成した。
〔評価基準〕
A:まったく剥がれなし
B:線幅500μm未満の画像で剥がれなし
C:線幅500μm以上の画像で剥がれあり
<< Plating resistance >>
The plating resistance of the permanent pattern obtained as follows was evaluated.
The substrate was not for individual evaluation except that the surface of a copper-clad laminate (no through-hole, copper thickness 12 μm) was subjected to a chemical polishing treatment was used for the substrate. A newly prepared photosensitive laminate was used in the same manner as in the case.
An independent wiring pattern of 30 μm to 1,000 μm at an optimal exposure amount is formed on the surface of the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive layered product through a photomask and allowed to stand at room temperature for 10 minutes, and then the photosensitive layered product. The support is peeled off, and a 1% by mass aqueous sodium carbonate solution at 30 ° C. is applied to the entire surface of the photosensitive layer on the copper clad laminate at a spray pressure of 0.15 MPa for a time 2 to 3 times the shortest development time (or (40 seconds to 60 seconds) Spray development was performed to dissolve and remove uncured regions. Thereafter, the entire surface was exposed at 200 mJ / cm 2 with an ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, and further subjected to heat treatment (post-bake) at 150 ° C. for 1 hour to form a permanent pattern.
〔Evaluation criteria〕
A: No peeling at all B: No peeling at an image having a line width of less than 500 μm C: No peeling at an image having a line width of 500 μm or more
(実施例2、3、比較例1~3)
実施例1において、イオン捕捉剤の種類と感光性樹脂組成物不揮発成分中の無機フィラー(シリカ)の含有量を下記表1の組合せに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、感光性フィルム、積層体、及び永久パターンを製造した。なお、イオン補足剤は、イオン捕捉剤の全量が実施例1と同量となるように加えた。
これらを実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。この結果をまとめて下記表1に示す。
(Examples 2 and 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 3)
In Example 1, a photosensitive film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of the ion scavenger and the content of the inorganic filler (silica) in the nonvolatile component of the photosensitive resin composition were changed to the combinations shown in Table 1 below. , Laminates and permanent patterns were produced. The ion scavenger was added so that the total amount of the ion scavenger was the same as in Example 1.
These were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are summarized in Table 1 below.
上記表1から明らかなように、イオン捕捉剤にビスマス、ジルコニウムまたはアンチモン化合物を使用し、感光性樹脂組成中の無機フィラーの含有量が20容量%以上使用することで、絶縁性、解像性、耐熱性および耐メッキ性に優れ、かつ現像残渣が極めて少ないことがわかる。また、ハイドロサルタイトのようなイオン捕捉剤であったり、無機フィラーの含有量が少ないと、所望の効果が得られないことがわかる。 As apparent from Table 1 above, the use of bismuth, zirconium or antimony compounds as the ion scavenger and the content of the inorganic filler in the photosensitive resin composition is 20% by volume or more makes it possible to provide insulation and resolution. It can be seen that the film is excellent in heat resistance and plating resistance and has very little development residue. It can also be seen that the desired effect cannot be obtained when the ion scavenger such as hydrosartite or the content of the inorganic filler is small.
本発明をその実施態様とともに説明したが、我々は特に指定しない限り我々の発明を説明のどの細部においても限定しようとするものではなく、添付の請求の範囲に示した発明の精神と範囲に反することなく幅広く解釈されるべきであると考える。 While this invention has been described in conjunction with its embodiments, we do not intend to limit our invention in any detail of the description unless otherwise specified and are contrary to the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. I think it should be interpreted widely.
本願は、2011年8月19日に日本国で特許出願された特願2011-179961に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、これらはここに参照してその内容を本明細書の記載の一部として取り込む。 This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-179961 filed in Japan on August 19, 2011, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. Capture as part.
Claims (28)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020137028353A KR20140049983A (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-16 | Photosensitive resin composition, and photosensitive film, photosensitive laminate, method for forming permanent pattern, and printed substrate using same |
| CN201280034051.5A CN103649831A (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2012-08-16 | Photosensitive resin composition, and photosensitive film, photosensitive laminate, method for forming permanent pattern, and printed substrate using same |
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| JP2011-179961 | 2011-08-19 | ||
| JP2011179961 | 2011-08-19 |
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| JP (1) | JP2013061639A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20140049983A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103649831A (en) |
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| CN111758073A (en) * | 2018-02-19 | 2020-10-09 | 株式会社钟化 | Photosensitive resin composition, cured film, printed wiring board, and manufacturing method thereof, and photosensitive resin composition preparation kit |
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| JP6234317B2 (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2017-11-22 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | Photosensitive resin composition |
| CN104216227A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-12-17 | 株式会社田村制作所 | Photosensitive resin composition |
| TW201523161A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2015-06-16 | Nissan Chemical Ind Ltd | Method for forming resist pattern, and composition for forming resist pattern |
| JP5981505B2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-08-31 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | Photosensitive resin composition |
| JP5872650B2 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2016-03-01 | 株式会社タムラ製作所 | Photosensitive resin composition |
| TWI483073B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-05-01 | Chi Mei Corp | Photosensitive resin composition, color filter and method for manufacturing the same, liquid crystal display apparatus |
| KR101865692B1 (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-06-08 | 엘에스니꼬동제련 주식회사 | Photosensitive conductive paste composition |
| WO2017122717A1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | 日立化成株式会社 | Photosensitive resin composition, dry film using same, printed wiring board, and method for manufacturing printed wiring board |
| CN106981428B (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2022-05-24 | 麦克赛尔株式会社 | Alignment mask, method for manufacturing the same, and method for forming solder bump |
| JP2018017780A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2018-02-01 | Jsr株式会社 | Radiation-sensitive composition and pattern formation method |
| JP6811275B2 (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2021-01-13 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Compositions for magnetic recording media, magnetic recording / playback devices and magnetic recording media |
| KR102173182B1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-11-02 | (주)이녹스첨단소재 | flexible photo imageable coverlay film and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP7440224B2 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2024-02-28 | 太陽ホールディングス株式会社 | Positive photosensitive resin composition |
| WO2021131890A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Composition, film, cured film, cured film manufacturing method, and electronic component |
| TW202146465A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-12-16 | 日商太陽油墨製造股份有限公司 | Curable composition, cured product, and printed wiring board |
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| CN103649831A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| KR20140049983A (en) | 2014-04-28 |
| JP2013061639A (en) | 2013-04-04 |
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