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WO2013013464A1 - Antenne à micro-ondes à alimentation décalée - Google Patents

Antenne à micro-ondes à alimentation décalée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013464A1
WO2013013464A1 PCT/CN2011/082832 CN2011082832W WO2013013464A1 WO 2013013464 A1 WO2013013464 A1 WO 2013013464A1 CN 2011082832 W CN2011082832 W CN 2011082832W WO 2013013464 A1 WO2013013464 A1 WO 2013013464A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refractive index
metamaterial
substrate
radius
artificial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2011/082832
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘若鹏
季春霖
岳玉涛
李云龙
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN 201110210941 external-priority patent/CN102480033B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110210939.7A external-priority patent/CN102904046B/zh
Application filed by Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology, Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd filed Critical Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
Publication of WO2013013464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013464A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0086—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna, and more particularly to an offset feed microwave antenna made of a metamaterial. ⁇ Background technique ⁇
  • a conventional microwave antenna is generally constructed of a metal paraboloid and a radiation source located at the focal point of the metal paraboloid.
  • the metal paraboloid acts to reflect external electromagnetic waves to or from the radiation source.
  • the area of the metal paraboloid and the processing accuracy of the metal paraboloid directly determine the parameters of the microwave antenna, such as gain and directionality.
  • the prior art biased microwave antenna has no influence of the shadow of the radiation source because the installation position of the radiation source is not on a line perpendicular to the center plane of the antenna and crossing the center of the antenna.
  • the reflective surface of the existing bias feed microwave antenna is still composed of a metal paraboloid.
  • Metal paraboloids are usually formed by die casting or by CNC machine tools.
  • the process of the first method includes: making a parabolic mold, casting a paraboloid, and installing a parabolic reflector.
  • the process is complicated, the cost is high, and the shape of the paraboloid is relatively accurate to achieve the directional propagation of the antenna, so the processing accuracy is relatively high.
  • the second method uses a large CNC machine for paraboloid machining. By editing the program, the path of the tool in the CNC machine is controlled to cut the desired paraboloid shape. This method is very precise, but it is more difficult and costly to manufacture such a large CNC machine.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an offset feeding microwave antenna which is simple in structure, small in volume and high in gain, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide an offset feeding microwave antenna, comprising a radiation source, a first metamaterial panel, and a reflective panel attached to the back of the first metamaterial panel, the first metamaterial
  • the panel includes a first core metamaterial sheet to an Nth core metamaterial sheet which are in close contact with each other, and each core metamaterial sheet includes a first substrate and a plurality of layers periodically arranged on the first substrate
  • An artificial metal microstructure or a first manhole structure each of the core metamaterial layers being patterned according to a refractive index distribution Divided into a plurality of strip-shaped regions, with a certain point as the center of the circle, the refractive indices at the same radius on the plurality of strip-shaped regions are the same, and the refractive index gradually decreases with increasing radius on each strip-shaped region, adjacent
  • the two strip regions the minimum value of the refractive index of the strip region on the inner side is smaller than the maximum value of the refractive index of the strip region on the outer
  • the Nth core metamaterial sheet is in close contact with the reflective panel, and all the strip regions on the Nth core metamaterial sheet have the same refractive index variation range, that is, the refractive index of each strip region. Both are continuously reduced from the maximum value " max " to the minimum value.
  • the refractive index distribution of the Nth core metamaterial sheet satisfies the formula:
  • n(r) represents the refractive index value at the radius r of the Nth core metamaterial sheet
  • s is the radiation source
  • d is the total thickness ⁇ of all the core metamaterial sheets is the wavelength value of the operating frequency of the offset feeding microwave antenna
  • ML is the vertical distance from the center of the core to the lower edge of the core metamaterial layer
  • the refractive index distribution of the cough core metamaterial layer to the N-1 core metamaterial sheet satisfies the following formula:
  • N the total number of layers of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • the arrangement rule of the plurality of first artificial metal microstructures periodically arranged on the first substrate is: the core material of each core is divided into a plurality of strip regions according to a refractive index distribution, The certain point is the center of the circle, and the first man-made metal microstructures at the same radius on the plurality of strip-shaped regions have the same size, and the radius of the first man-made metal microstructure corresponding to the radius gradually increases with the increase of the radius on each strip-shaped region. Decrease The adjacent metal strip regions have a minimum of the first man-made metal microstructure size in the inner strip region and a smaller value than the first man-made metal microstructure size in the outer strip region.
  • the offset-fed microwave antenna further includes a second meta-material panel for diverging electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiation source, the second meta-material panel being composed of a plurality of second meta-material sheets having the same refractive index distribution
  • the second metamaterial sheet layer includes a second substrate and a plurality of second artificial metal microstructures periodically arranged on the second substrate; the refractive index distribution of the second metamaterial sheet satisfies:
  • the refractive index on the layer of the two metamaterials is circular, the center of the circle is at the center of the second metamaterial layer, the refractive index at the center of the circle is the smallest, and as the radius increases, the refractive index of the corresponding radius also increases and is the same.
  • the refractive index is the same at the radius.
  • the second artificial metal microstructure is arranged on the second substrate: the second artificial metal microstructure is circularly distributed on the second substrate, and the center of the circle is located on the second substrate At the center point, the second man-made metal microstructure at the center of the circle has the smallest size, and as the radius increases, the second man-made metal microstructure size corresponding to the radius also increases and the second man-made metal microstructure at the same radius is the same size.
  • first man-made metal microstructure and the second man-made metal microstructure have the same geometric shape.
  • the geometric shape is a "work" shape including a vertical first metal branch and a second metal branch located at both ends of the first metal branch and perpendicular to the first metal branch.
  • the geometry is a planar snowflake type comprising two first metal branches perpendicular to each other and a second metal branch located at both ends of the first metal branch and perpendicular to the first metal branch.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of first artificial hole structures periodically arranged in the first substrate is: the first artificial hole structure is filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the first substrate, Each core metamaterial sheet is divided into a plurality of strip-shaped regions according to a refractive index distribution, with a certain point as a center, and the first artificial pore structures at the same radius on the plurality of strip-shaped regions have the same volume, and each strip-shaped region With the increase of the radius, the volume of the first artificial hole structure corresponding to the radius gradually increases; the adjacent two strip-shaped regions, the maximum value of the first artificial hole structure volume in the inner strip-shaped region is smaller than the outer side The minimum size of the first manhole structure in the strip region.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of first artificial hole structures periodically arranged in the first substrate is: the first artificial hole structure is filled with a medium having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first substrate, Each core metamaterial sheet is divided into a plurality of strip regions according to a refractive index distribution, with a certain point as a center, the plurality of strips
  • the first artificial hole structure at the same radius in the region has the same volume, and the volume of the first artificial hole structure corresponding to the radius gradually decreases with the increase of the radius on each strip region; adjacent two strip regions are at The minimum value of the first manhole structure volume in the inner band region is greater than the maximum value of the first manhole structure size in the outer band region.
  • the offset-fed microwave antenna further includes a second meta-material panel for diverging electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiation source, the second meta-material panel being composed of a plurality of second meta-material sheets having the same refractive index distribution
  • the second metamaterial sheet layer includes a second substrate and a plurality of second artificial hole structures periodically arranged on the second substrate; the refractive index distribution rule of the second metamaterial sheet satisfies: the second The refractive index on the super-material layer is circular, the center of the circle is at the center of the second meta-material layer, the refractive index at the center of the circle is the smallest, and as the radius increases, the refractive index of the corresponding radius also increases and the same radius The refractive index is the same.
  • the arrangement of the second artificial hole structure on the second substrate is: the second artificial hole structure is filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than that of the second substrate, and the second artificial hole structure is
  • the second substrate has a circular distribution, the center of the circle is located at the center of the second substrate, and the second manhole structure at the center of the circle has the largest structure size. As the radius increases, the size of the second manhole structure corresponding to the radius decreases. And the second manhole structure at the same radius is the same size.
  • the arrangement of the second artificial hole structure on the second substrate is: the second artificial hole structure is filled with a medium having a refractive index greater than that of the second substrate, and the second artificial hole structure is
  • the second substrate has a circular distribution, the center of the circle is located at the center of the second substrate, and the second manhole structure at the center of the circle has the smallest structure size. As the radius increases, the size of the second manhole structure corresponding to the radius increases. And the second manhole structure at the same radius is the same size.
  • the invention adopts the principle of metamaterial to fabricate the antenna, so that the antenna is separated from the conventional convex lens shape, the shape of the concave lens and the shape of the paraboloid.
  • the antenna of the invention can be shaped like a flat plate or any shape and has a thinner thickness and a smaller volume. It is more convenient to process and manufacture, and has the advantages of low cost and good gain effect.
  • 1 is a schematic perspective structural view of a basic unit constituting a metamaterial according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • 2 is a schematic structural view of a bias feed microwave antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a distribution of refractive index of a core metamaterial sheet in a circular feed type microwave antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing a second structure of a second metamaterial sheet in an offset feed microwave antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a geometric topographical pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a first preferred embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention which is capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the meta-material base unit;
  • FIG. 6 is a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topographic pattern of FIG. 5;
  • Figure 7 is a geometric topological pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a second preferred embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention which is capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the meta-material base unit;
  • Figure 8 is a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topographic pattern of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective structural view of a basic unit constituting a metamaterial according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a bias feed microwave antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of a second metamaterial sheet in a bias feed microwave antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of each point of the material are the same or different, so that the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of the material are arranged regularly, and the magnetic permeability and the regular arrangement are regularly arranged.
  • the electrical constant allows the material to have a macroscopic response to electromagnetic waves, such as converging electromagnetic waves, diverging electromagnetic waves, and the like. This type of material with regularly arranged magnetic permeability and dielectric constant is called a metamaterial.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective structural view of a basic unit constituting a metamaterial according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the basic unit of the metamaterial includes the artificial microstructure 1 and the substrate 2 to which the artificial microstructure is attached.
  • the artificial microstructure is an artificial metal microstructure, and the artificial metal microstructure has an ability to incident electromagnetic
  • the wave electric field and/or magnetic field produces a responsive planar or stereoscopic topology that changes the pattern and/or size of the man-made metal microstructure on each metamaterial base unit to change the response of each metamaterial base element to incident electromagnetic waves.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of metamaterial basic units in a regular pattern enables the metamaterial to have a macroscopic response to electromagnetic waves.
  • each metamaterial basic unit to the incident electromagnetic wave needs to form a continuous response, which requires that the size of each metamaterial basic unit is one tenth to five fifths of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • it is preferably one tenth of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • we artificially divide the supermaterial into a plurality of basic units of metamaterials but it should be understood that this method of division is only convenient for description, and should not be regarded as supermaterial being spliced or assembled by multiple metamaterial basic units.
  • the super material is formed by arranging the artificial metal microstructure period on the substrate, and the process is simple and the cost is low.
  • the periodic arrangement means that the man-made metal microstructures on the basic units of each metamaterial divided by us can produce a continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic waves.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bias feed microwave antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the offset-type microwave antenna includes a radiation source 20, a first meta-material panel 10, and a reflective panel 40 attached to the back of the first meta-material panel 10.
  • the reflective panel 40 is a metal reflective panel.
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation source 20 is 12.4 GHz to 18 GHz.
  • the first metamaterial panel 10 includes a first core metamaterial sheet to an Nth core metamaterial sheet layer that are in close contact with each other, wherein the Nth core metamaterial sheet layer is in close contact with the reflective panel 40.
  • Each of the core metamaterial sheets comprises a sheet-shaped first substrate and a plurality of first man-made metal microstructures periodically arranged on the first substrate, each of the first man-made metal microstructures and a portion to which they are attached first
  • the substrate constitutes the basic unit of the core metamaterial sheet shown in Figure 1.
  • the core metamaterial sheet layer may be divided into a plurality of strip-shaped regions according to a refractive index distribution, with a certain point as a center, and the plurality of strip-shaped regions have the same refractive index at the same radius, and each strip-shaped region has a radius
  • the increased refractive index gradually decreases, and the minimum value of the refractive index of the strip-shaped region on the inner side of the adjacent two strip-shaped regions is smaller than the maximum value of the strip-shaped region on the outer side, which is perpendicular to the line connecting the radiation source.
  • the core metamaterial sheet, and the center does not coincide with the center point of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • the center of the core is disposed at a position where the lower edge of the core metamaterial sheet is separated by ML. Therefore, it is a more preferable embodiment to prevent the influence of the shadow of the radiation source and increase the antenna gain.
  • the core metamaterial sheet is square.
  • ML represents the distance between the center 0 and the midpoint of the lower edge of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • ML represents the distance between the center 0 and the lower circumference of the circular core metamaterial sheet.
  • Hl, H2, H3, H4 we clearly show the four strip-shaped regions on the core metamaterial sheet, denoted by Hl, H2, H3, H4, respectively.
  • the refractive index variation range in each strip-shaped region on the core metamaterial sheet layer is the same, that is, the maximum refractive index n max of the core metamaterial sheet layer is continuously reduced to a minimum value of n mm .
  • the refractive index profile of the core metamaterial sheet close to the reflective panel, ie, the Nth core metamaterial sheet satisfies the formula:
  • n(r) represents the refractive index value at the radius r of the Nth core metamaterial sheet, that is, the refractive index value of the base element of the metamaterial having the radius r on the Nth core metamaterial sheet; Refers to the distance from the center point of each metamaterial base unit to the center 0.
  • the center point of the metamaterial base unit here refers to the center point of a surface of the metamaterial base unit and the same plane of the center 0.
  • s is the vertical distance between the radiation source 20 and the first core metamaterial sheet
  • d is the total thickness of all core metamaterial sheets
  • the wavelength value of the operating frequency of the offset feeding microwave antenna is the wavelength value of the operating frequency of the offset feeding microwave antenna
  • the maximum value of r determines how many strips there are.
  • the thickness of each core layer is usually a certain value (usually the tenth of the wavelength of the incident electromagnetic wave. In the case where the shape of the core layer is selected (can be a cylinder or a square), the size of the core layer can be determined. .
  • the refractive index distribution of the first core metamaterial sheet to the N-1 core metamaterial sheet satisfies the following formula:
  • N represents the total number of layers of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • the present invention also provides a second metamaterial panel 30, the second metamaterial panel 30 functions to diverge electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiation source to increase the range of the radiation source's short-range radiation, so that the overall size of the microwave antenna is further miniaturized.
  • the second metamaterial panel 30 can be positioned to abut the source of the radiation source and at a distance from the source of radiation. In this embodiment, the second metamaterial panel 30 is in close contact with the radiation port of the radiation source 20.
  • the second metamaterial panel 30 is composed of a plurality of second metamaterial sheets 300 having the same refractive index distribution.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the second metamaterial sheet 300 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second metamaterial sheet 300 includes a second substrate 301 and a plurality of second artificial metals periodically arranged on the second substrate.
  • the microstructures 302, preferably, are further covered with a cover layer 303 on the plurality of second man-made metal microstructures 302 such that the second man-made metal microstructures 302 are encapsulated, the cover layer 303 being equal to the second substrate material 302 and of equal thickness.
  • the thickness of the cover layer 303 and the second substrate 302 are both 0.4 mm, and the thickness of the artificial metal microstructure layer is 0.018 mm, so that the thickness of the entire second metamaterial sheet is 0.818 mm.
  • the basic unit constituting the second metamaterial sheet 300 is still as shown in Fig. 1, but the second metamaterial sheet 300 is required to have a function of radiating electromagnetic waves, and according to the electromagnetic principle, the electromagnetic waves are deflected in a direction in which the refractive index is large. Therefore, the refractive index change rule on the second metamaterial sheet layer 300 is: the second metamaterial sheet layer 300 has a circular refractive index, and the center of the circle is located at the center point of the second metamaterial sheet layer, and the refractive index at the center of the circle is the smallest and follows As the radius increases, the refractive index of the corresponding radius also increases and the refractive index at the same radius is the same.
  • the second metamaterial sheet 300 having such a refractive index distribution causes electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiation source 20 to be diverged to increase the close range of the radiation source, so that the offset feeding microwave antenna has a smaller size.
  • the constants K and n Q can be determined by simple computer simulation according to actual needs.
  • the overall refractive index distribution relationship between the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel is discussed in detail above. From the principle of metamaterials, the size and pattern of the artificial metal microstructure attached to the substrate are directly determined. The refractive index value of each point of the metamaterial. At the same time, according to the experiment, the larger the size of the artificial metal microstructure of the same geometry, the larger the refractive index of the corresponding metamaterial base unit.
  • the first man-made metal microstructure and the second man-made metal microstructure have the same geometry.
  • the arrangement rule of the plurality of first artificial metal microstructures on the core metamaterial sheet layer is: the core metamaterial sheet layer is divided into a plurality of strip regions, with a fixed point different from the center point of the core metamaterial sheet layer as a center a plurality of first artificial metal microstructures having the same radius on the core metamaterial sheet have the same geometrical size, and the geometrical dimensions of the artificial metal microstructure gradually decrease with increasing radius on each strip region;
  • the adjacent two strip-shaped regions, the minimum of the first man-made metal microstructure size of the strip-shaped region on the inner side is smaller than the maximum value of the first man-made metal microstructure geometry of the strip-shaped region on the outer side.
  • the arrangement pattern of the plurality of second artificial metal microstructures on the second substrate is: the plurality of second artificial metal microstructures are circularly distributed on the second substrate with the center point of the second substrate as a center, and the center of the circle
  • the second man-made metal microstructure at the location is the smallest, and as the radius increases, the second man-made metal microstructure size corresponding to the radius also increases and the second man-made metal microstructure at the same radius is the same size.
  • the geometry of the man-made metal microstructure that satisfies the refractive index profile requirements of the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel described above is various, but is basically a geometry that is responsive to incident electromagnetic waves. Since it is difficult to change the incident electromagnetic wave magnetic field, most of the artificial metal microstructures are geometric shapes that can respond to the incident electromagnetic wave electric field. The most typical one is the "work" shaped artificial metal microstructure. Several man-made metal microstructure geometries are described in detail below.
  • the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel can adjust the size of the artificial metal microstructure according to the required maximum refractive index and minimum refractive index to meet the requirements, and the adjustment manner can be calculated by computer simulation or manually. Since it is not the focus of the present invention, it will not be described in detail.
  • Fig. 5 is a geometrical topology diagram of a man-made metal microstructure according to a first preferred embodiment of the first embodiment of the present invention which is capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the base element of the supermaterial.
  • the man-made metal microstructure has a "work" shape, including a vertical first metal branch 1021 and a second metal branch 1022 that is perpendicular to the first metal branch 1021 and located at both ends of the first metal branch
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram A derivative pattern of the man-made metal microstructure geometry topography pattern includes not only the first metal branch 1021 and the second metal branch 1022, and a third metal branch 1023 is vertically disposed at each end of each of the second metal branches.
  • Figure 7 is a view showing a first embodiment of the present invention capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the basic unit of the metamaterial
  • the artificial metal microstructure is a flat snowflake type, and includes a first metal branch 102 ⁇ perpendicular to each other and two first metal branches 102 ⁇ . Both ends are vertically disposed with a second metal branch 1022′;
  • FIG. 8 is FIG.
  • a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topology pattern includes not only two first metal branches 1021, but also four second metal branches 1022', and the fourth metal branches 1023' are vertically disposed at both ends of the four second metal branches.
  • the first metal branches 102 ⁇ are equal in length and intersect perpendicular to the midpoint
  • the second metal branches 1022 ′ are of equal length and the midpoint is at the end of the first metal branch
  • the third metal branch 1023 ′ is of equal length and the midpoint is at the second metal
  • the end points of the branches; the arrangement of the above metal branches makes the artificial metal microstructures is isotropic, that is, the artificial metal microstructures rotated 90° in any direction in the plane of the artificial metal microstructures can coincide with the original artificial metal microstructures.
  • the use of isotropic man-made metal microstructures simplifies design and reduces interference.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing the basic unit constituting the metamaterial in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the basic unit of the metamaterial includes an artificial microstructure and a substrate V to which the artificial microstructure is attached.
  • the artificial microstructure is an artificial pore structure
  • the basic units have different electromagnetic responses due to the different volume of the artificial pore structure and the medium filled in the artificial pore structure.
  • Multiple metamaterials The basic units are arranged in a regular pattern to make the metamaterials have a macroscopic response to electromagnetic waves.
  • each metamaterial basic unit to the incident electromagnetic wave needs to form a continuous response, which requires that the size of each metamaterial basic unit is one tenth to five fifths of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • it is preferably one tenth of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • we artificially divide the supermaterial into a plurality of basic units of metamaterials but it should be understood that this method of division is only convenient for description, and should not be regarded as supermaterial being spliced or assembled by multiple metamaterial basic units.
  • the super material is formed by arranging the artificial pore structure on the substrate, and the process is simple and the cost is low.
  • the periodic arrangement means that the above-mentioned artificially divided super-material basic units can generate a continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic waves.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a bias feed microwave antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the offset-feeding microwave antenna includes a radiation source 20, a first meta-material panel 10', and a reflective panel 40 attached to the back of the first meta-material panel 10'.
  • the reflective panel 40 is a metal reflective layer. panel.
  • the frequency of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation source 20 is 12.4 Ghertz to 18 GHz.
  • the first metamaterial panel 10' includes a first core metamaterial sheet to the Nth core super material that are in close contact with each other a web layer, wherein the Nth core metamaterial sheet is in close contact with the reflective panel 40.
  • Each of the core metamaterial sheets comprises a sheet-shaped first substrate and a plurality of first manhole structures periodically arranged on the first substrate, each of the first manhole structures and a portion of the first substrate to which they are attached That is, the basic unit of the core metamaterial sheet layer shown in Fig. 9 is constructed.
  • the core metamaterial sheet layer may be divided into a plurality of strip-shaped regions according to a refractive index distribution, with a certain point as a center, and the plurality of strip-shaped regions have the same refractive index at the same radius, and each strip-shaped region has a radius
  • the increased refractive index gradually decreases, and the minimum value of the refractive index of the strip-shaped region on the inner side of the adjacent two strip-shaped regions is smaller than the maximum value of the strip-shaped region on the outer side, which is perpendicular to the line connecting the radiation source.
  • the core metamaterial sheet, and the center does not coincide with the center point of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • the center of the core is disposed at a position where the lower edge of the core metamaterial sheet is separated by ML. Therefore, it is a more preferable embodiment to prevent the influence of the shadow of the radiation source and increase the antenna gain.
  • the core metamaterial sheet has a square shape.
  • ML represents the distance between the center 0 and the midpoint of the lower edge of the core metamaterial sheet.
  • the refractive index distribution of the core metamaterial sheet in this embodiment is circular as in FIG. 3 and related description in the previous embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the present invention also provides a second metamaterial panel 30'.
  • the second metamaterial panel 30' functions to diverge electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiation source to improve the close range of the radiation source, so that the overall size of the microwave antenna is further miniaturization.
  • the second metamaterial panel 30' can be positioned close to the emitter of the radiation source or at a distance from the source of radiation. In this embodiment, the second metamaterial panel 30' is in close contact with the transmitting port of the radiation source 20.
  • the second metamaterial panel 30' is composed of a plurality of second metamaterial sheets 300' having the same refractive index distribution, as shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a second metamaterial sheet 300' of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second metamaterial sheet 300' includes a second substrate 30" and a plurality of second manhole structures 302' periodically arranged in the second substrate.
  • the basic unit constituting the second metamaterial sheet 300' is still as shown in Fig. 9, but the second metamaterial sheet 300' needs to have a function of diverging electromagnetic waves, and according to the electromagnetic principle, the electromagnetic waves are deflected in a direction in which the refractive index is large. Therefore, the refractive index change on the second metamaterial sheet 300 ′ is such that the second metamaterial sheet 300 ′ has a circular distribution of refractive index, the center of the circle is located at the center point of the second metamaterial sheet, and the refractive index at the center of the circle is the smallest. And as the radius increases, the refractive index of the corresponding radius also increases and the refractive index at the same radius is the same.
  • the second metamaterial sheet 300' having such a refractive index profile causes electromagnetic waves radiated from the radiation source 20 to be diverged to increase the close range of radiation of the radiation source, so that the offset feeding microwave antenna has a smaller size.
  • K is a constant
  • R is a circularly distributed second.
  • the distance between the center point of the metamaterial base unit to which the artificial pore structure is attached and the center point of the second substrate, and n Q is the refractive index value of the center point of the second substrate.
  • the constants K and n Q can be determined by simple computer simulation according to actual needs.
  • the overall refractive index distribution relationship between the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel is discussed in detail above. From the principle of metamaterials, the volume of the artificial pore structure attached to the substrate and the medium filled in the artificial pore structure directly determine the metamaterial. The refractive index value of each point.
  • the first man-made hole structure and the second manhole structure have the same geometry, that is, both are cylindrical holes.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of first manhole structures on the core metamaterial sheet is: the plurality of first manhole structures are filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than that of the first substrate, and the core metamaterial sheet is divided into a plurality of strip-shaped regions, centered on a fixed point different from a center point of the core metamaterial sheet, the plurality of first man-made hole structures at the same radius on the core metamaterial sheet have the same volume, and each strip region With the increase of the radius, the volume of the artificial pore structure gradually increases; the adjacent two strip-shaped regions, the maximum value of the first artificial pore structure volume in the inner strip region is smaller than the outer strip region The minimum value of the first manhole structure volume.
  • the arrangement of the plurality of second artificial hole structures on the second substrate is: the plurality of second artificial hole structures are filled with a medium having a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the second substrate, and the plurality of second artificial hole structures are in the
  • the second substrate has a circular distribution centered on the center point of the second substrate, and the second artificial hole structure at the center of the circle has the largest volume. As the radius increases, the size of the second artificial hole corresponding to the radius decreases and is the same. The second manhole structure at the radius is of the same volume.
  • the medium filled in the first artificial hole structure and the second artificial hole structure is air. It is conceivable that when the refractive index of the filling medium in the first artificial hole structure or the second artificial hole structure is larger than the refractive index of the substrate, each The volume of the artificial hole may be opposite to the above arrangement.
  • the shape of the artificial hole structure satisfying the refractive index distribution requirements of the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel described above is not limited as long as the volume of the base unit of the metamaterial occupied by the above is satisfied.
  • a plurality of artificial hole structures of the same volume may be formed in each of the metamaterial base units, and it is necessary to make the sum of all the artificial hole volumes on each of the metamaterial base units satisfy the above arrangement rule.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une antenne à micro-ondes à alimentation décalée comprenant une source de rayonnement, un premier panneau de métamatériau et un panneau réfléchissant fixé sur l'arrière du premier panneau de métamatériau. Une onde électromagnétique sphérique émise par la source de rayonnement est réfractée par le biais du premier panneau de métamatériau, réfléchie par le panneau réfléchissant et de nouveau réfractée par le biais du premier panneau de métamatériau, puis finalement transmise vers l'extérieur sous la forme d'une onde électromagnétique plane. L'utilisation par la présente invention du principe de métamatériau pour la fabrication de l'antenne permet à l'antenne d'échapper aux restrictions concernant la forme de la lentille, traditionnellement concave, convexe ou parabolique. La présente invention permet d'obtenir une antenne présentant une forme de panneau ou toute autre forme souhaitée et de réduire l'épaisseur et la taille, de faciliter le traitement et la fabrication et de présenter des avantages comme la réduction des coûts et l'amélioration de l'effet de gain.
PCT/CN2011/082832 2011-07-26 2011-11-24 Antenne à micro-ondes à alimentation décalée Ceased WO2013013464A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110210939.7 2011-07-26
CN 201110210941 CN102480033B (zh) 2011-07-26 2011-07-26 一种偏馈式微波天线
CN201110210941.4 2011-07-26
CN201110210939.7A CN102904046B (zh) 2011-07-26 2011-07-26 一种偏馈式微波天线

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WO2013013464A1 true WO2013013464A1 (fr) 2013-01-31

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20040140945A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-22 Werner Douglas H. Synthesis of metamaterial ferrites for RF applications using electromagnetic bandgap structures
US20050200540A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-15 Isaacs Eric D. Media with controllable refractive properties
US20080204164A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2008-08-28 Ontario Centres Of Excellence Inc. Negative-Refraction Metamaterials Using Continuous Metallic Grids Over Ground for Controlling and Guiding Electromagnetic Radiation
CN101540435A (zh) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-23 西北工业大学 S波段树枝状左手材料微带天线
US20100079217A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Morton Matthew A Multilayer metamaterial isolator
US20100141358A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2010-06-10 University Of Massachusetts Lowell Chiral Metamaterials
CN101884137A (zh) * 2007-11-30 2010-11-10 株式会社Ntt都科摩 无线通信系统
WO2010144170A2 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-12-16 The Boeing Company Orientation de faisceaux radiofréquences à l'aide de lentilles en métamatériau à indice de réfraction négatif

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040140945A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-22 Werner Douglas H. Synthesis of metamaterial ferrites for RF applications using electromagnetic bandgap structures
US20050200540A1 (en) * 2004-03-10 2005-09-15 Isaacs Eric D. Media with controllable refractive properties
US20080204164A1 (en) * 2004-08-09 2008-08-28 Ontario Centres Of Excellence Inc. Negative-Refraction Metamaterials Using Continuous Metallic Grids Over Ground for Controlling and Guiding Electromagnetic Radiation
US20100141358A1 (en) * 2005-01-18 2010-06-10 University Of Massachusetts Lowell Chiral Metamaterials
CN101884137A (zh) * 2007-11-30 2010-11-10 株式会社Ntt都科摩 无线通信系统
CN101540435A (zh) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-23 西北工业大学 S波段树枝状左手材料微带天线
US20100079217A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-01 Morton Matthew A Multilayer metamaterial isolator
WO2010144170A2 (fr) * 2009-03-26 2010-12-16 The Boeing Company Orientation de faisceaux radiofréquences à l'aide de lentilles en métamatériau à indice de réfraction négatif

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