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WO2013006084A1 - Electrolytic - Google Patents

Electrolytic Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013006084A1
WO2013006084A1 PCT/RU2012/000164 RU2012000164W WO2013006084A1 WO 2013006084 A1 WO2013006084 A1 WO 2013006084A1 RU 2012000164 W RU2012000164 W RU 2012000164W WO 2013006084 A1 WO2013006084 A1 WO 2013006084A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
containers
electrolytic cell
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/RU2012/000164
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimir Vasilevich PODOBEDOV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP2014518479A priority Critical patent/JP2014518333A/en
Priority to ATA9002/2012A priority patent/AT512692A2/en
Priority to EP12807113.1A priority patent/EP2729599A1/en
Priority to DE112012000377T priority patent/DE112012000377T5/en
Priority to KR1020137019295A priority patent/KR20130108437A/en
Publication of WO2013006084A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013006084A1/en
Priority to US14/141,040 priority patent/US20140102887A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C25B1/044—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water producing mixed hydrogen and oxygen gas, e.g. Brown's gas [HHO]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrolytic devices, more specifically, to electrolytic cells, and can be used in various segments of technology for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water electrolytes.
  • Known (RU Patent 2149921) is an electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of water comprising multiple electrodes in the form of a pile that form the anode, wherein each anodic electrode consists of a flat plate, multiple electrodes in the form of a pile that form the cathode, wherein each cathodic electrode consists of a flat plate, and the anodic electrodes interchange with the cathodic electrodes.
  • said electrolytic cell comprises at least one first conducting connecting element passing through the interchanging anodes and providing for electrical connection only with each anodic electrode and at least one second conducting connecting element passing through the interchanging cathodes and providing for electrical connection only with each cathodic electrode.
  • RU Patent 2228390 is a device for the production of heat power, hydrogen and oxygen comprising a case made from a dielectric material, a cover, anode and cathode cavities, a planar ring anode with openings located in the anode cavity and connected to the positive pole of the power source, a cathode in the form of a rod of a refractory material inserted into a dielectric tube with outer thread and connected to the negative pole of the power source, and a working solution supply port located in the middle portion of said anode cavity, wherein said cover is made from a dielectric material and has a cylinder-conic extension with a through opening forming said anode and cathode cavities jointly with the case, said dielectric tube is inserted into the inter-electrode chamber by means of its outer thread through a threaded opening in the case and centered in the through opening of the cover that forms said top cathode cavity, said anode cavity is interconnected with said top cathode cavity
  • a device for the device for the production of heat power, hydrogen and oxygen comprising a case made from a dielectric material and having a through opening, an inter-electrode chamber, working solution supply and drainage ports, an anode connected to the positive pole of the power source and a cathode connected to the negative pole of the power source.
  • Said case with an axial opening comprises a bottom cylinder-conic extension and a bottom cover forming jointly with said case said inter-electrode chamber consisting of an anode cavity and a cathode cavity interconnected in the bottom section.
  • a planar ring anode with openings is located in said anode cavity.
  • the cathode is in the form of a rod of a refractory material inserted into a threaded dielectric tube.
  • Said dielectric tube is inserted into said inter-electrode chamber via a threaded opening in said bottom cover and can be moved in the vertical direction along the axial line of the device.
  • the working solution container with an automatic solution level control system in said cathode cavity is connected with said anode cavity.
  • Said device also comprises a cooling chamber for steam condensation and hydrogen separation the cavity of which is interconnected with the working solution supply port of said anode cavity.
  • a vapor/gas mixture supply port of said cooling chamber is inserted by means of its thread into said case opening, and an oxygen output port is inserted into the top portion of said anode cavity.
  • the known device operates as follows.
  • the working solution is poured into a container from which is passes through a batching device and a float chamber to said anode cavity and said cathode cavity.
  • the float of the float chamber closes the intake opening of said batching device.
  • power is supplied, and the voltage is gradually increased until the generation of stable plasma in the cathode zone.
  • the vapor/gas mixture produced at the cathode is supplied to the cooler.
  • the steam exposed to the cold surface of the cooler pipe condenses, and the released gas emanates from under the reflector to the output port. Steam condensate is supplied to said anode cavity via a tube and the intake port.
  • Oxygen released at the anode is supplied to the top portion of said anode cavity and is removed via a port.
  • this hydrogen and oxygen production device operates automatically as well.
  • the working solution is consumed, it is replenished in the receiver container.
  • the nature of the physicochemical processes occurring in the reactor is that an electric field between the cathode and the anode where the cathode area is far smaller than that of the anode produces the initial cathode-focused ion flux of the alkaline metal present in the electrolyte. Due to a reserve of kinetic energy accumulated during cathode-oriented movement, the alkaline metal ions push hydrogen atoms from water molecules. Having reached the cathode, protons acquire electrons to form hydrogen atoms and emanate photons that form atomic hydrogen plasma at 5000 - 10,000°C.
  • the energy of this plasma drives the thermal dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen and a release of additional energy which is easily indicated by the increased energy of the heated solution, evaporated water and collected gases. Electrolytic hydrogen release occurs simultaneously at the anode.
  • the hydrogen plasma at the cathode is the source of thermal energy transferred to the. water solution and simultaneously the source of atomic and molecular hydrogen and oxygen.
  • Disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the cathode is permanently inside the plasma zone dramatically reducing its service life. Furthermore, the device has quite a complex design.
  • the object of this invention is to provide an efficient electrolytic cell for water decomposition into hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the plasma electrolytic cell comprises an anode and a cathode located in dielectric containers interconnected via a pipe in their bottom portions.
  • the spiral shaped cathode is made from electrically insulated copper wire wherein said electric insulation has local breaks, the anode is planar, the cathode and anode containers have covers with embedded gas pressure adjustment valves, the top portions of the containers are connected to gas offtake devices, and the cathode and anode containers allow adding more electrolyte.
  • cathode electric insulation is removed to form a stepwise pattern with 4 to 6 mm wide strips spaced 20 to 60 mm.
  • the cathode preferably fills the cathode container.
  • the electrolytic cell allows adding more portions of electrolyte to the bottom parts of the cathode and anode containers.
  • the operation principle of the device provided herein is the same as the operation principle of the technical solution used as the closest counterpart.
  • the technical solution provided herein allows producing hydrogen and oxygen from water electrolyte by plasma electrolysis and simultaneous separation of the gases.
  • Plasma electrolysis is achieved by using a cathode providing for solution exposure of only some of its working zones that are not insulated from the electrolyte. This eliminates a single concentration area of high temperature plasma and allows distributing the heat load across a greater area of the cathode.
  • Pulsed plasma formation in different cathode areas produces current pulses the average magnitude of which is far smaller than that reached when direct voltage and current are used for water electrolysis. This noticeably reduces the power consumption of electrolysis.
  • the cathode located in the cathode container is preferably made from spiral shaped lacquer insulated copper wire. Homogeneous heat load distribution on the cathode is achieved by incomplete removal of cathode insulation to form intervals preferably less than 5 mm long and spaced 3-5 cm.
  • the anode is located in the anode container and has a plate-like shape.
  • the basic embodiment of plasma electrolytic cell is designed as follows.
  • the plasma electrolytic cell comprises two dielectric containers, the cathode one and the anode one interconnected in the bottom portion with the dielectric pipe.
  • the cathode and anode containers are connected to the common container via the pipes and through which they are replenished with electrolyte.
  • the cathode is made from lacquer insulated copper from which the insulation is removed so as to form intervals up to mm long and spaced 3-5 cm.
  • the cathode has a spiral shape.
  • the anode has a platelike shape and is made from an electrically conducting metal.
  • the cathode container and the anode container have the covers and in which the valves and are installed that adjust the pressure in the cathode and anode containers.
  • Hydrogen leaves the cathode container through the valve and the pipe which directs it to a standard dryer.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to electrolytic devices, more specifically, to electrolytic cells, and can be used in various segments of technology for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water electrolytes.

Description

Electrolytic
This invention relates to electrolytic devices, more specifically, to electrolytic cells, and can be used in various segments of technology for the production of hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water electrolytes.
Known (RU Patent 2149921) is an electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of water comprising multiple electrodes in the form of a pile that form the anode, wherein each anodic electrode consists of a flat plate, multiple electrodes in the form of a pile that form the cathode, wherein each cathodic electrode consists of a flat plate, and the anodic electrodes interchange with the cathodic electrodes. Furthermore, said electrolytic cell comprises at least one first conducting connecting element passing through the interchanging anodes and providing for electrical connection only with each anodic electrode and at least one second conducting connecting element passing through the interchanging cathodes and providing for electrical connection only with each cathodic electrode.
Disadvantages of the known electrolytic cell for the production of hydrogen and oxygen gases for use in welding are its complex design and low efficiency.
Known (RU Patent 2228390) is a device for the production of heat power, hydrogen and oxygen comprising a case made from a dielectric material, a cover, anode and cathode cavities, a planar ring anode with openings located in the anode cavity and connected to the positive pole of the power source, a cathode in the form of a rod of a refractory material inserted into a dielectric tube with outer thread and connected to the negative pole of the power source, and a working solution supply port located in the middle portion of said anode cavity, wherein said cover is made from a dielectric material and has a cylinder-conic extension with a through opening forming said anode and cathode cavities jointly with the case, said dielectric tube is inserted into the inter-electrode chamber by means of its outer thread through a threaded opening in the case and centered in the through opening of the cover that forms said top cathode cavity, said anode cavity is interconnected with said top cathode cavity via a channel consisting of a vertical section and a horizontal section located in the cover, further wherein the gap between said top and said bottom cathode cavities is set adjustable by moving said dielectric tube; said device further comprises a working solution drainage port located at a side of the cover and a gas mixture output port located in the top portion of the cover coaxially with said top cathode cavity, and the cathode and anode are connected to the power unit consisting a pulse generator and a control circuit.
Disadvantages of the known device are its complex design and low efficiency.
The closest counterpart of the technical solution provided herein is (RU Patent 2175027) a device for the device for the production of heat power, hydrogen and oxygen comprising a case made from a dielectric material and having a through opening, an inter-electrode chamber, working solution supply and drainage ports, an anode connected to the positive pole of the power source and a cathode connected to the negative pole of the power source. Said case with an axial opening comprises a bottom cylinder-conic extension and a bottom cover forming jointly with said case said inter-electrode chamber consisting of an anode cavity and a cathode cavity interconnected in the bottom section. A planar ring anode with openings is located in said anode cavity. The cathode is in the form of a rod of a refractory material inserted into a threaded dielectric tube. Said dielectric tube is inserted into said inter-electrode chamber via a threaded opening in said bottom cover and can be moved in the vertical direction along the axial line of the device. The working solution container with an automatic solution level control system in said cathode cavity is connected with said anode cavity. Said device also comprises a cooling chamber for steam condensation and hydrogen separation the cavity of which is interconnected with the working solution supply port of said anode cavity. A vapor/gas mixture supply port of said cooling chamber is inserted by means of its thread into said case opening, and an oxygen output port is inserted into the top portion of said anode cavity.
The known device operates as follows.
The working solution is poured into a container from which is passes through a batching device and a float chamber to said anode cavity and said cathode cavity. After the required solution level in the reactor is achieved, the float of the float chamber closes the intake opening of said batching device. Then power is supplied, and the voltage is gradually increased until the generation of stable plasma in the cathode zone. The vapor/gas mixture produced at the cathode is supplied to the cooler. The steam exposed to the cold surface of the cooler pipe condenses, and the released gas emanates from under the reflector to the output port. Steam condensate is supplied to said anode cavity via a tube and the intake port. Oxygen released at the anode is supplied to the top portion of said anode cavity and is removed via a port. As the solution level in the reactor is controlled automatically, this hydrogen and oxygen production device operates automatically as well. As the working solution is consumed, it is replenished in the receiver container.
The nature of the physicochemical processes occurring in the reactor is that an electric field between the cathode and the anode where the cathode area is far smaller than that of the anode produces the initial cathode-focused ion flux of the alkaline metal present in the electrolyte. Due to a reserve of kinetic energy accumulated during cathode-oriented movement, the alkaline metal ions push hydrogen atoms from water molecules. Having reached the cathode, protons acquire electrons to form hydrogen atoms and emanate photons that form atomic hydrogen plasma at 5000 - 10,000°C. The energy of this plasma drives the thermal dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen and a release of additional energy which is easily indicated by the increased energy of the heated solution, evaporated water and collected gases. Electrolytic hydrogen release occurs simultaneously at the anode. Thus, the hydrogen plasma at the cathode is the source of thermal energy transferred to the. water solution and simultaneously the source of atomic and molecular hydrogen and oxygen. Disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the cathode is permanently inside the plasma zone dramatically reducing its service life. Furthermore, the device has quite a complex design.
The object of this invention is to provide an efficient electrolytic cell for water decomposition into hydrogen and oxygen.
It is suggested to achieve said objective by using the plasma electrolytic cell having the design provided herein. The plasma electrolytic cell comprises an anode and a cathode located in dielectric containers interconnected via a pipe in their bottom portions. The spiral shaped cathode is made from electrically insulated copper wire wherein said electric insulation has local breaks, the anode is planar, the cathode and anode containers have covers with embedded gas pressure adjustment valves, the top portions of the containers are connected to gas offtake devices, and the cathode and anode containers allow adding more electrolyte. In some embodiments of this invention, cathode electric insulation is removed to form a stepwise pattern with 4 to 6 mm wide strips spaced 20 to 60 mm. However, other options of insulation removal from the cathode surface exist. The cathode preferably fills the cathode container. In some embodiments of this invention, the electrolytic cell allows adding more portions of electrolyte to the bottom parts of the cathode and anode containers.
The operation principle of the device provided herein is the same as the operation principle of the technical solution used as the closest counterpart. The technical solution provided herein allows producing hydrogen and oxygen from water electrolyte by plasma electrolysis and simultaneous separation of the gases. Plasma electrolysis is achieved by using a cathode providing for solution exposure of only some of its working zones that are not insulated from the electrolyte. This eliminates a single concentration area of high temperature plasma and allows distributing the heat load across a greater area of the cathode.
This dramatically reduces the heat load on the cathode and significantly increases its service life. Pulsed plasma formation in different cathode areas produces current pulses the average magnitude of which is far smaller than that reached when direct voltage and current are used for water electrolysis. This noticeably reduces the power consumption of electrolysis.
Furthermore, separate production of hydrogen and oxygen is achieved by placing the cathode and the anode in different containers the solutions of which are only interconnected in the bottom portions of the containers via a small diameter pipe.
The cathode located in the cathode container is preferably made from spiral shaped lacquer insulated copper wire. Homogeneous heat load distribution on the cathode is achieved by incomplete removal of cathode insulation to form intervals preferably less than 5 mm long and spaced 3-5 cm.
The anode is located in the anode container and has a plate-like shape.
Hydrogen released at the cathode leaves the cathode container through a valve that adjusts the pressure in the cathode container, and oxygen leaves through the valve and the port in the top cover of the anode container. The basic embodiment of plasma electrolytic cell is designed as follows. The plasma electrolytic cell comprises two dielectric containers, the cathode one and the anode one interconnected in the bottom portion with the dielectric pipe. The cathode and anode containers are connected to the common container via the pipes and through which they are replenished with electrolyte.
The cathode is made from lacquer insulated copper from which the insulation is removed so as to form intervals up to mm long and spaced 3-5 cm. The cathode has a spiral shape. The anode has a platelike shape and is made from an electrically conducting metal. The cathode container and the anode container have the covers and in which the valves and are installed that adjust the pressure in the cathode and anode containers.
Hydrogen leaves the cathode container through the valve and the pipe which directs it to a standard dryer. Oxygen leaves the anode container through the valve and the pipe which directs it to a standard dryer.
After the container 4 and the containers and are filled with electrolyte, power is supplied to the clamps and, and the electrolyte starts heating. Gas release rate increases gradually, and when the solution temperature reaches the critical threshold, plasma pulses are generated at uninsulated cathode surface strips, and gas release rate increases dramatically, by decades of times, to reach 0.3-0.5 1/s. Correctly adjusted valves of the cathode and anode containers maintain the required solution level in each of the containers. The current amplitude varies randomly during that period, but its average value remains relatively low, and this saves electricity. The life of the cathode increases by decades of times as a result.

Claims

What is claimed is a
1. Plasma electrolytic cell comprising an anode and a cathode located in dielectric containers interconnected via a pipe in their bottom portions, wherein the spiral shaped cathode is made from electrically insulated copper wire and said electric insulation has local breaks, the anode is planar, the cathode and anode containers have covers with embedded gas pressure adjustment valves, the top portions of the containers are connected to gas offtake devices, and the cathode and anode containers allow adding more electrolyte.
2. Plasma electrolytic cell of Claim 1 wherein cathode electric insulation is removed to form a stepwise pattern with 4 to 6 mm wide strips spaced 20 to 60 mm.
3. Plasma electrolytic cell of Claim 1 wherein said cathode preferably maximally fills the cathode container.
4. Plasma electrolytic cell of Claim 1 wherein said electrolytic cell allows adding more portions of electrolyte to the bottom parts of the cathode and anode containers.
PCT/RU2012/000164 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 Electrolytic Ceased WO2013006084A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014518479A JP2014518333A (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 electrolytic
ATA9002/2012A AT512692A2 (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 Electrolytic cell
EP12807113.1A EP2729599A1 (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 Electrolytic
DE112012000377T DE112012000377T5 (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 electrolytic
KR1020137019295A KR20130108437A (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 Electrolytic
US14/141,040 US20140102887A1 (en) 2011-07-05 2013-12-26 Plasma electrolytic cell

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2011127344/07A RU2011127344A (en) 2011-07-05 2011-07-05 PLASMA ELECTROLYZER
RU2011127344 2011-07-05

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/141,040 Continuation-In-Part US20140102887A1 (en) 2011-07-05 2013-12-26 Plasma electrolytic cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013006084A1 true WO2013006084A1 (en) 2013-01-10

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PCT/RU2012/000164 Ceased WO2013006084A1 (en) 2011-07-05 2012-03-06 Electrolytic

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20140102887A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2729599A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2014518333A (en)
KR (1) KR20130108437A (en)
AT (1) AT512692A2 (en)
DE (1) DE112012000377T5 (en)
RU (1) RU2011127344A (en)
WO (1) WO2013006084A1 (en)

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TWI633064B (en) 2017-06-05 2018-08-21 財團法人工業技術研究院 Electrolytic reduction module unit and water purification device
AU2018288634A1 (en) * 2017-06-22 2020-02-06 Kenneth Stephen Bailey The separation of hydrogen and oxygen from non-potable water and the recombining of said hydrogen and oxygen to drive a turbine or piston engine
CN113026043B (en) * 2021-03-02 2022-02-11 常熟理工学院 Electrolysis equipment and application thereof
CN114506907A (en) * 2022-01-14 2022-05-17 武汉轻工大学 A kind of active oxygen/active nitrogen enhanced oxidized electrolyzed water and its preparation method and application
US12276247B2 (en) * 2023-01-12 2025-04-15 John Bushnell Utilizing hydrostatic and hydraulic pressure to generate energy, and associated systems, devices, and methods
US12060861B2 (en) * 2023-01-12 2024-08-13 John Bushnell Utilizing hydrostatic and hydraulic pressure to generate energy, and associated systems, devices, and methods
US11746740B1 (en) 2023-01-12 2023-09-05 John Bushnell Utilizing hydrostatic and hydraulic pressure to generate energy, and associated systems, devices, and methods
WO2024168213A2 (en) * 2023-02-10 2024-08-15 Koeneman Robert L Hydrogen generation system utilizing plasma confined by pulsed electromagnetic fields in a liquid environment

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JPH06262180A (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-20 Funai Electric Co Ltd Ionized water generator
RU2175027C2 (en) * 1999-06-03 2001-10-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Неоэнергия" Apparatus for producing heat energy, hydrogen and oxygen
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Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU979276A1 (en) * 1981-01-07 1982-12-07 Уфимский Нефтяной Институт Process for purifying and deconatminating industrial milk-processing effluents
JPH06262180A (en) * 1993-03-10 1994-09-20 Funai Electric Co Ltd Ionized water generator
RU2175027C2 (en) * 1999-06-03 2001-10-20 Закрытое акционерное общество "Неоэнергия" Apparatus for producing heat energy, hydrogen and oxygen
RU2258099C1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2005-08-10 Гезелльшафт Фюр Хохляйстунгселектролизойре Цур Вассерштофферцойгунг Мбх Electrolyzer working under pressure and method of its functioning

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2014518333A (en) 2014-07-28
DE112012000377T5 (en) 2013-09-19
KR20130108437A (en) 2013-10-02
AT512692A2 (en) 2013-10-15
US20140102887A1 (en) 2014-04-17
EP2729599A1 (en) 2014-05-14
RU2011127344A (en) 2013-01-10

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