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WO2013000589A1 - Mounting a camshaft by means of rolling bearings - Google Patents

Mounting a camshaft by means of rolling bearings Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013000589A1
WO2013000589A1 PCT/EP2012/053098 EP2012053098W WO2013000589A1 WO 2013000589 A1 WO2013000589 A1 WO 2013000589A1 EP 2012053098 W EP2012053098 W EP 2012053098W WO 2013000589 A1 WO2013000589 A1 WO 2013000589A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
sliding cam
cams
cam units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2012/053098
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lutz Kirbach
Stefan Kieninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of WO2013000589A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013000589A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L1/053Camshafts overhead type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/18Camshafts

Definitions

  • Reciprocating internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism with at least one cylinder head whose inlet and outlet channels are dominated by at least one designed as inlet or outlet valve gas exchange valve, which can be actuated by cams at least one camshaft and driven by these transmission elements, wherein the cams from sliding cam are formed with at least two cams per sliding cam unit, which are rotatably but axially displaceably arranged by means of internal teeth on a basic shaft with external teeth, with at least one internal combustion engine fixed device for moving the sliding cam units in different axial positions by means of a Aktorstatt cooperating sliding grooves on the circumference of the sliding cam units and with bearings for radial and axial fixing of the camshaft to a component of the internal combustion engine.
  • a camshaft for installation in such a reciprocating internal combustion engine is known from DE-101 48 243 A1.
  • the sliding cam units have bearings on their outer circumference, which are guided in bearings supported on the internal combustion engine.
  • the width of the bearing corresponds to the width of the sliding bearing plus the displacement of the sliding cam assembly in the axial direction. Therefore, the sliding bearing requires a large overall extent in the axial direction of the camshaft, whereby a large space is needed, which is perceived as unfavorable.
  • the basic shaft of the camshaft is therefore only indi- Directly guided radially over the internal and external teeth of the sliding cam units and the basic shaft.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the bearing of the camshaft of a reciprocating internal combustion engine so that the disadvantages described are eliminated, with an exact bearing of the camshaft should take place. It should also be a cost-effective production can be provided by simple means.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the fundamental wave is guided by means of bearings, which are arranged between the sliding cam units, on the component of the internal combustion engine. This is an exact storage of
  • the fundamental wave between the sliding cam units has direct running paths, which serve as bearing inner surfaces.
  • the fundamental wave has no external teeth, so that there bearing surfaces, for example by grinding the fundamental wave to direct running tracks, for plain bearings, but are preferably provided for rolling bearings.
  • the roller bearings are designed as roller or needle bearings and the cages are designed expandable, so that the cages can be used with the rollers or needles on the outer teeth of the fundamental shaft.
  • the cages are preferably made of plastic and can therefore be expanded.
  • the cages have at least one separating slot aligned with the axis of the basic shaft, so that the cage can be resiliently bent up and, if necessary, compressed again.
  • the separating slot can also be connected by a diagonal bar, which does not separate the cage, but still allows an expansion. It can therefore be pushed directly over the direct career path.
  • two or more dividing slots may also be provided, the cages preferably being fastened together at their ends, e.g. through entanglements.
  • bearing outer rings are provided, the inner diameter of which are equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the external teeth, so that the bearing outer rings can be pushed by sliding over the outer teeth of the fundamental shaft to the respective cages or rollers or needles.
  • the bearing outer rings are designed with at most one inboard board so that they can be pushed onto the rollers or needles.
  • the bearing outer rings are arranged and braced in bearing blocks.
  • the fundamental wave has an axial bearing in the region of one of its ends in order to provide axial support to the sliding forces of the sliding cam units.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a bearing according to the line AA in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 an enlarged section according to the circle Z in Figure 2
  • FIG. 4 a camshaft without bearing blocks with a partial section through a bearing
  • Figure 5 an enlarged view of the bearing according to circle Y in Figure 4 with
  • Figure 6 a partial perspective view of a camshaft in the installed state with a bearing block.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 as shown in detail, 1 generally designates a camshaft having a basic shaft 2 and sliding cam units 3.
  • the basic shaft 2 has external teeth 4 in the region of the sliding cam units 3, wherein 3 paragraphs are provided between the external teeth 4 and the sliding cam units, with a diameter equal to less than the base circle of the external teeth 4.
  • These paragraphs are prepared as direct running tracks 5 and ground accordingly, so that these direct running tracks serve as bearing inner surfaces for rolling bearings.
  • the respective cage 6 can be widened with inserted rollers or needles, pushed over the external toothing 4 or directly over the bearing inner surface and placed at the appropriate location.
  • bearing outer rings 8 are arranged, which have an inner diameter equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the outer toothing 4, so that the outer bearing rings 8 can be pushed over the outer toothing 4 and placed around the rollers or needles of the cages 6.
  • the rollers or needles have a thickness such that the outer dimension matches the inner diameter of the bearing outer rings 8.
  • the end faces of the cages 6 facing external teeth 4 can serve as a guide for the cages 6 after appropriate processing.
  • the bearing outer rings 8 are fixed in bearing blocks 9, which are attached to a suitable component of the internal combustion engine, in particular the cylinder head, or fastened thereto, eg screwed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating internal combustion engine comprising a crank drive and comprising at least one cylinder head, the inlet and outlet channels of which are each controlled by at least one gas exchange valve designed as an inlet or outlet valve, said gas exchange valves being actuatable by cams of at least one camshaft (1) and by transmission elements driven by said cams. The cams are designed as sliding cams with at least two cams per sliding cam unit (3), said cams being arranged on a base shaft (2) that comprises an outer toothing (4) in a rotationally fixed but axially movable manner by means of an inner toothing. The reciprocating internal combustion engine also comprises at least one device that is fixed to the internal combustion engine for sliding the sliding cam units (3) into different axial positions by means of sliding grooves on the circumference of the sliding cam units (3), said grooves interacting with an actuator pin, and the reciprocating internal combustion engine also comprises bearings for radially and axially fixing the camshaft (1) on a component of the internal combustion engine. The base shaft (2) is guided on the component of the internal combustion engine by means of bearings arranged between the sliding cam units (3).

Description

Bezeichnung der Erfindung  Name of the invention

Lagerung einer Nockenwelle mittels Wälzlagern Beschreibung Mounting a camshaft by means of rolling bearings Description

Gebiet der Erfindung Field of the invention

Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit einem Kurbeltrieb, mit zumindest einem Zy- linderkopf, dessen Ein- und Auslasskanäle von zumindest je einem als Ein- oder Auslassventil ausgebildeten Gaswechselventil beherrscht sind, die durch Nocken zumindest einer Nockenwelle und von diesen angetriebenen Übertragungselementen betätigbar sind, wobei die Nocken aus Schiebenocken mit zumindest zwei Nocken pro Schiebenockeneinheit ausgebildet sind, die mittels Innenverzahnung auf einer Grundwelle mit Außenverzahnung drehfest aber axial verschiebbar angeordnet sind, mit zumindest einer brennkraftmaschinen- festen Vorrichtung zur Verschiebung der Schiebenockeneinheiten in unterschiedliche axiale Positionen mittels mit einem Aktorstift zusammenwirkenden Verschiebenuten am Umfang der Schiebenockeneinheiten und mit Lagern zur radialen und axialen Festlegung der Nockenwelle an einem Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine. Reciprocating internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism, with at least one cylinder head whose inlet and outlet channels are dominated by at least one designed as inlet or outlet valve gas exchange valve, which can be actuated by cams at least one camshaft and driven by these transmission elements, wherein the cams from sliding cam are formed with at least two cams per sliding cam unit, which are rotatably but axially displaceably arranged by means of internal teeth on a basic shaft with external teeth, with at least one internal combustion engine fixed device for moving the sliding cam units in different axial positions by means of a Aktorstift cooperating sliding grooves on the circumference of the sliding cam units and with bearings for radial and axial fixing of the camshaft to a component of the internal combustion engine.

Hintergrund der Erfindung Eine Nockenwelle zum Einbau in eine derartige Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine ist aus der DE- 101 48 243 A1 bekannt. Bei dieser Nockenwelle weisen die Schiebenockeneinheiten an ihrem Außenumfang Lagerstellen auf, die in an der Brennkraftmaschine abgestützten Gleitlagern geführt sind. Dabei entspricht die Breite der Lagerstelle der Breite des Gleitlagers zuzüglich des Verschiebewe- ges der Verschiebenockeneinheit in axialer Richtung. Deshalb benötigt das Gleitlager insgesamt eine große Erstreckung in axialer Richtung der Nockenwelle, wodurch ein großer Bauraum benötigt wird, was als ungünstig empfunden wird. Darüber hinaus ist die Grundwelle der Nockenwelle dadurch nur indi- rekt über die Innen- und Außenverzahnung der Schiebenockeneinheiten und der Grundwelle radial geführt. Auch dies wird nicht als optimal angesehen, da die Grundwelle der Nockenwelle, die mit dem Kurbeltrieb der Hubkolbenbrenn- kraftmaschine antriebsseitig in Verbindung steht, nicht hinreichend exakt ge- führt ist. Weiterhin wird die Kraft beim Verschieben der Schiebenockeneinheiten dadurch erhöht, da auch die Lagerreibung mit überwunden werden muss. Background of the Invention A camshaft for installation in such a reciprocating internal combustion engine is known from DE-101 48 243 A1. In this camshaft, the sliding cam units have bearings on their outer circumference, which are guided in bearings supported on the internal combustion engine. The width of the bearing corresponds to the width of the sliding bearing plus the displacement of the sliding cam assembly in the axial direction. Therefore, the sliding bearing requires a large overall extent in the axial direction of the camshaft, whereby a large space is needed, which is perceived as unfavorable. In addition, the basic shaft of the camshaft is therefore only indi- Directly guided radially over the internal and external teeth of the sliding cam units and the basic shaft. This, too, is not regarded as optimal, since the fundamental wave of the camshaft, which is connected on the drive side with the crank mechanism of the reciprocating internal combustion engine, is not sufficiently precisely guided. Furthermore, the force is increased when moving the sliding cam units, since the bearing friction must be overcome with.

Aufgabe der Erfindung Object of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die Lagerung der Nockenwelle einer Hub- kolbenbrennkraftmaschine so zu verbessern, dass die beschriebenen Nachteile behoben werden, wobei eine exakte Lagerung der Nockenwelle erfolgen soll. Es soll auch eine kostengünstige Herstellung mit einfachen Mitteln vorgesehen werden. The object of the invention is therefore to improve the bearing of the camshaft of a reciprocating internal combustion engine so that the disadvantages described are eliminated, with an exact bearing of the camshaft should take place. It should also be a cost-effective production can be provided by simple means.

Zusammenfassung der Erfindung Summary of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Grundwelle mittels Lagern, die zwischen den Schiebenockeneinheiten angeordnet sind, an dem Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine geführt ist. Dadurch ist eine exakte Lagerung der The object of the invention is achieved in that the fundamental wave is guided by means of bearings, which are arranged between the sliding cam units, on the component of the internal combustion engine. This is an exact storage of

Grundwelle und auch der Nockenwelle insgesamt gegeben, wobei auch die Breite der Lager nur entsprechend der Lager-Gegebenheiten ausgeführt wer- den muss. Auch die Verschiebekraft der Schiebenockeneinheiten wird verringert. Whole shaft and also the camshaft given in total, whereby the width of the bearing must be carried out only in accordance with the bearing conditions. The shifting force of the sliding cam units is also reduced.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Grundwelle zwischen den Schiebenockeneinheiten Direktlaufbahnen aufweist, die als Lagerinnenflächen dienen. An diesen Stellen hat die Grundwelle keine Außenverzahnung, so dass dort Lagerinnenflächen, beispielsweise durch Schleifen der Grundwelle zu Direktlaufbahnen, für Gleitlager, vorzugsweise aber für Wälzlager vorgesehen werden. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the fundamental wave between the sliding cam units has direct running paths, which serve as bearing inner surfaces. At these points, the fundamental wave has no external teeth, so that there bearing surfaces, for example by grinding the fundamental wave to direct running tracks, for plain bearings, but are preferably provided for rolling bearings.

In vorteilhafter Weise sind die Wälzlager als Rollen- oder Nadellager ausgebil- det und die Käfige aufweitbar ausgeführt, damit die Käfige mit den Rollen oder Nadeln über die Außenverzahnung der Grundwelle eingesetzt werden können. Die Käfige sind vorzugsweise aus Kunststoff hergestellt und können daher aufgeweitet werden. Die Käfige haben zu diesem Zweck zumindest einen zur Achse der Grundwelle ausgerichteten Trennschlitz, so dass der Käfig federnd auf- gebogen und falls erforderlich wieder zusammengedrückt werden kann. Der Trennschlitz kann dabei aber auch durch einen Diagonalsteg verbunden sein, der den Käfig nicht trennt, aber trotzdem ein Aufweiten zulässt. Er kann daher auch direkt über die Direktlaufbahn geschoben werden. Es können aber auch zwei oder mehrere Trennschlitze angebracht sein, wobei die Käfige vorzugs- weise an ihren Enden aneinander befestigt werden können, z.B. durch Verhakungen. Advantageously, the roller bearings are designed as roller or needle bearings and the cages are designed expandable, so that the cages can be used with the rollers or needles on the outer teeth of the fundamental shaft. The cages are preferably made of plastic and can therefore be expanded. For this purpose, the cages have at least one separating slot aligned with the axis of the basic shaft, so that the cage can be resiliently bent up and, if necessary, compressed again. The separating slot can also be connected by a diagonal bar, which does not separate the cage, but still allows an expansion. It can therefore be pushed directly over the direct career path. However, two or more dividing slots may also be provided, the cages preferably being fastened together at their ends, e.g. through entanglements.

Weiterhin sind Lageraußenringe vorgesehen, deren Innendurchmesser gleich oder größer als der Außendurchmesser der Außenverzahnung ausgeführt sind, damit die Lageraußenringe durch Überschieben über die Außenverzahnung der Grundwelle zu den betreffenden Käfigen bzw. Rollen oder Nadeln geschoben werden können. Die Lageraußenringe sind dabei mit höchstens einem nach innen gerichteten Bord ausgeführt, so dass sie auf die Rollen oder Nadeln aufgeschoben werden können. Die Lageraußenringe sind in Lagerböcken ange- ordnet und verspannt. Furthermore, bearing outer rings are provided, the inner diameter of which are equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the external teeth, so that the bearing outer rings can be pushed by sliding over the outer teeth of the fundamental shaft to the respective cages or rollers or needles. The bearing outer rings are designed with at most one inboard board so that they can be pushed onto the rollers or needles. The bearing outer rings are arranged and braced in bearing blocks.

Die Grundwelle weist im Bereich einer ihrer Enden eine Axiallagerung auf, um auch den Schiebekräften der Schiebenockeneinheiten eine axiale Abstützung zu bieten. The fundamental wave has an axial bearing in the region of one of its ends in order to provide axial support to the sliding forces of the sliding cam units.

Da die Lageraußenringe nur höchstens einen nach innen gerichteten Bord aufweisen, entfällt die vollständige axiale Führung der Rollen oder Nadeln bzw. des Käfigs in dem Lageraußenring. Deshalb wird eine geeignete Lösung zur axialen Fixierung des Nadelkranzes vorgesehen, z. B. durch die Ränder zu den Außenverzahnungen. Since the bearing outer rings have only at most one inboard board, eliminates the full axial guidance of the rollers or needles or the cage in the bearing outer ring. Therefore, a suitable solution to the axial Fixation of the needle ring provided, z. B. by the edges to the external teeth.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung ei- ner Nockenwelle mit den folgenden Arbeitsschritten vorgeschlagen: In a further embodiment of the invention, a method for producing a camshaft with the following working steps is proposed:

Herstellen der Grundwelle mit Außenverzahnungen im Bereich der Schiebenockeneinheiten und außenverzahnungsfreien Absätzen, Schleifen der Direktlaufbahnen für die Wälzlager an den Absätzen der Grundwelle,  Producing the basic shaft with external teeth in the area of the sliding cam units and external gear-free shoulders, grinding the direct raceways for the rolling bearings on the shoulders of the basic shaft,

- Waschen der Grundwelle, - washing the fundamental wave,

Herstellen der Schiebenockeneinheiten und Vormontage derselben auf der Grundwelle,  Making sliding cam units and pre-assembling them on the fundamental shaft,

Fertigschleifen der Nockenkonturen der Nocken der Schiebenockeneinheiten,  Finish grinding the cam contours of the cam of the sliding cam units,

- Demontage der Schiebenockeneinheiten und Reinigen derselben und der Grundwelle, Dismantling the sliding cam units and cleaning them and the fundamental,

Abwechselnde Montage der Schiebenockeneinheiten, der Käfige und der Lageraußenringe. Im Anschluss daran kann die fertige Nockenwelle an die betreffende Stelle im Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine eingesetzt, die Lageraußenringe verspannt und die Axiallagerung angebracht werden.  Alternate assembly of sliding cam units, cages and bearing outer rings. Subsequently, the finished camshaft can be used at the relevant point in the component of the internal combustion engine, the bearing outer rings clamped and the axial bearing are mounted.

Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnungen verwiesen, in denen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vereinfacht dargestellt ist. For further explanation of the invention reference is made to the drawings, in which an embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form.

Es zeigen: Figur 1 : eine Ansicht einer Nockenwelle mit Teilschnitten durch Lagerböcke, 1 shows a view of a camshaft with partial sections through bearing blocks,

Figur 2: einen Schnitt durch ein Lager gemäß der Linie A-A in Figur 1 Figur 3: einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt gemäß dem Kreis Z in Figur 2, Figur 4: eine Nockenwelle ohne Lagerböcke mit Teilschnitt durch ein Lager, 2 shows a section through a bearing according to the line AA in Figure 1 Figure 3: an enlarged section according to the circle Z in Figure 2, FIG. 4: a camshaft without bearing blocks with a partial section through a bearing,

Figur 5: eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Lagers gemäß Kreis Y in Figur 4 mit  Figure 5: an enlarged view of the bearing according to circle Y in Figure 4 with

Schnitt durch einen Lageraußenring und  Section through a bearing outer ring and

Figur 6: eine perspektivische Teilansicht einer Nockenwelle im eingebauten Zustand mit einem Lagerbock. Figure 6: a partial perspective view of a camshaft in the installed state with a bearing block.

Detaillierte Beschreibung der Zeichnungen In den Figuren 1 bis 6 ist, soweit im Einzelnen dargestellt, mit 1 allgemein eine Nockenwelle bezeichnet, die eine Grundwelle 2 und Schiebenockeneinheiten 3 aufweist. Die Grundwelle 2 hat Außenverzahnungen 4 im Bereich der Schiebenockeneinheiten 3, wobei zwischen den Außenverzahnungen 4 und den Schiebenockeneinheiten 3 Absätze vorgesehen sind, mit einem Durchmesser der kleiner gleich dem Grundkreis der Außenverzahnung 4 ausgeführt ist. Diese Absätze sind als Direktlaufbahnen 5 ausgearbeitet und entsprechend geschliffen, so dass diese Direktlaufbahnen als Lagerinnenflächen für Wälzlager dienen. Auf diesen Direktlaufbahnen 5 sind Käfige 6 aufgebracht, die aus Kunststoff hergestellt sind und einen Trennschlitz 7 aufweisen, der vorzugsweise pa- rallel zur Längsachse der Grundwelle 2 ausgerichtet ist. Dadurch kann der jeweilige Käfig 6 mit eingesetzten Rollen oder Nadeln aufgeweitet, über die Außenverzahnung 4 oder direkt über die Lagerinnenfläche geschoben und an der zutreffenden Stelle platziert werden. Um die Käfige 6 herum sind Lageraußenringe 8 angeordnet, die einen gleichen oder größeren Innendurchmesser als der Außendurchmesser der Außenverzahnung 4 aufweisen, so dass die Lageraußenringe 8 über die Außenverzahnung 4 geschoben und um die Rollen oder Nadeln der Käfige 6 platziert werden können. Daraus folgt, dass die Rollen oder Nadeln eine solche Dicke aufweisen, dass die Außenabmessung zu dem Innendurchmesser der Lageraußenringe 8 passt. Die Lageraußenringe 8 haben, wie insbesondere Figur 5 zu entnehmen ist, kein bzw. höchstens einen nach innen vorstehenden Bord, so dass sie leicht auf die Rollen oder Nadeln geschoben werden können. Dadurch können sie aber keine vollständige Führung für die Käfige 6 in Achsrichtung zur Grundwelle 2 übernehmen. Diese wird in anderer Weise vorgenommen. Beispielsweise können die Stirnflächen der den Käfigen 6 zugewandten Außenverzahnungen 4 nach entsprechender Bearbeitung als Führung für die Käfige 6 dienen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In FIGS. 1 to 6, as shown in detail, 1 generally designates a camshaft having a basic shaft 2 and sliding cam units 3. The basic shaft 2 has external teeth 4 in the region of the sliding cam units 3, wherein 3 paragraphs are provided between the external teeth 4 and the sliding cam units, with a diameter equal to less than the base circle of the external teeth 4. These paragraphs are prepared as direct running tracks 5 and ground accordingly, so that these direct running tracks serve as bearing inner surfaces for rolling bearings. Cages 6, which are made of plastic and have a separating slot 7, which is preferably aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fundamental shaft 2, are applied to these direct running tracks 5. As a result, the respective cage 6 can be widened with inserted rollers or needles, pushed over the external toothing 4 or directly over the bearing inner surface and placed at the appropriate location. Around the cages 6, bearing outer rings 8 are arranged, which have an inner diameter equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the outer toothing 4, so that the outer bearing rings 8 can be pushed over the outer toothing 4 and placed around the rollers or needles of the cages 6. It follows that the rollers or needles have a thickness such that the outer dimension matches the inner diameter of the bearing outer rings 8. The bearing outer rings 8, as can be seen in particular Figure 5, no or at most one inwardly projecting board, so that they can be easily pushed onto the rollers or needles. But they can not complete the lead take over for the cages 6 in the axial direction to the fundamental wave 2. This is done in a different way. For example, the end faces of the cages 6 facing external teeth 4 can serve as a guide for the cages 6 after appropriate processing.

Wie Figur 6 zu entnehmen ist, sind die Lageraußenringe 8 in Lagerböcken 9 fixiert, die an einem geeigneten Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere des Zylinderkopfes, angebracht oder an diesem befestigt, z.B. verschraubt, sind. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the bearing outer rings 8 are fixed in bearing blocks 9, which are attached to a suitable component of the internal combustion engine, in particular the cylinder head, or fastened thereto, eg screwed.

Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Nockenwelle 1 camshaft

2 Grundwelle  2 fundamental wave

3 Schiebenockeneinheiten  3 sliding cam units

4 Au ßenverzahnungen  4 external gears

5 Direktlaufbahnen  5 direct running tracks

6 Käfige  6 cages

7 Trennschlitze  7 dividing slots

8 Lageraußenringe  8 bearing outer rings

9 Lagerböcke  9 bearing blocks

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1 . Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit einem Kurbeltrieb, mit zumindest einem Zylinderkopf, dessen Ein- und Auslasskanäle von zumindest je einem als Ein- oder Auslassventil ausgebildeten Gaswechselventil beherrscht sind, die durch Nocken zumindest einer Nockenwelle (1 ) und von diesen angetriebenen Übertragungselementen betätigbar sind, wobei die Nocken als Schiebenocken mit zumindest zwei Nocken pro Schiebenockeneinheit (3) ausgebildet sind, die mittels Innenverzahnung auf einer Grundwelle (2) mit Außenverzahnung (4) drehfest aber axial verschiebbar angeordnet sind, mit zumindest einer brenn- kraftmaschinenfesten Vorrichtung zur Verschiebung der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3) in unterschiedliche axiale Positionen mittels mit einem Aktorstift zusammenwirkenden Verschiebenuten am Umfang der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3), und mit Lagern zur radialen und axialen Festlegung der Nockenwelle (1 ) an einem Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundwelle (2) mittels Lagern, die zwischen den Schiebenockeneinheiten (3) angeordnet sind, an dem Bauteil der Brennkraftmaschine geführt ist. 1 . Reciprocating internal combustion engine with a crank mechanism, with at least one cylinder head whose inlet and outlet channels are dominated by at least one designed as inlet or outlet valve gas exchange valve, which can be actuated by cams at least one camshaft (1) and driven by these transmission elements, the cams as Sliding cam with at least two cams per sliding cam unit (3) are formed by means of internal teeth on a basic shaft (2) with external teeth (4) rotatably but axially displaceable, with at least one combustion engine fixed device for moving the sliding cam units (3) in different axial positions by means of sliding with a Aktorstift Verschiebenuten on the circumference of the sliding cam units (3), and with bearings for radial and axial fixing of the camshaft (1) on a component of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that the fundamental shaft (2) by means of bearings, d ie between the sliding cam units (3) are arranged, is guided on the component of the internal combustion engine. 2. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass die Grundwelle (2) zwischen den Schiebenockeneinheiten (3)2. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the basic shaft (2) between the sliding cam units (3) Direktlaufbahnen (5) aufweist, die als Lagerinnenflächen dienen. Direct running tracks (5), which serve as bearing inner surfaces. 3. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lager als Wälzlager, vorzugsweise als Rol- len- oder Nadellager, ausgebildet sind und dass die Käfige (6) aufweitbar ausgeführt sind. 3. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bearings as roller bearings, preferably as roller or needle roller bearings are formed, and that the cages (6) are designed to be expandable. 4. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Käfige (6) zumindest einen zur Achse der Grundwelle (2) ausgerichteten Trennschlitz (7) aufweisen. 4. Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cages (6) have at least one to the axis of the fundamental shaft (2) aligned separating slot (7). 5. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Käfige (6) zumindest einen Diagonalsteg zur Aufweitung der Käfige (6) aufweisen. 5. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cages (6) have at least one diagonal web for widening the cages (6). 6. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wälzlager Lageraußenringe (8) beinhalten, deren Innendurchmesser oder Bordinnendurchmesser gleich oder größer als der Außendurchmesser der Außenverzahnung (4) ausgeführt sind. 6. reciprocating internal combustion engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolling bearing bearing outer rings (8) include, the inner diameter or inner diameter of the same or greater than the outer diameter of the outer toothing (4) are executed. 7. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lageraußenringe (8) mit durchgehend glatten Innenflächen oder einem nach innen gerichteten Bord ausgeführt sind. 7. reciprocating internal combustion engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing outer rings (8) are designed with continuous smooth inner surfaces or an inboard board. 8. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Nockenwelle (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mittels der folgenden Arbeitsschritte: 8. A method for producing a camshaft (1) according to any one of the preceding claims by means of the following steps: Herstellen der Grundwelle (2) mit Außenverzahnungen (4) im Bereich der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3) und außenverzahnungsfreien Absätzen, Schleifen von Direktlaufbahnen (5) für die Wälzlager an den Absätzen der Grundwelle (2),  Producing the basic shaft (2) with external teeth (4) in the region of the sliding cam units (3) and external teeth-free shoulders, grinding of direct running tracks (5) for the rolling bearings on the shoulders of the fundamental shaft (2), Waschen der Grundwelle (2),  Washing the fundamental wave (2), Herstellen der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3) und Vormontage derselben auf der Grundwelle (2),  Producing the sliding cam units (3) and pre-assembling them on the basic shaft (2), Fertigschleifen der Nockenkonturen der Nocken der Schiebenockenein- heiten (3),  Finish grinding the cam contours of the cams of the sliding cam units (3), Demontage der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3) und Reinigen derselben und der Grundwelle (2),  Dismantling the sliding cam units (3) and cleaning them and the basic shaft (2), Abwechselnde Montage der Schiebenockeneinheiten (3), der Käfige (6) und der Lageraußenringe (8).  Alternate assembly of sliding cam units (3), cages (6) and bearing outer rings (8).
PCT/EP2012/053098 2011-06-30 2012-02-23 Mounting a camshaft by means of rolling bearings Ceased WO2013000589A1 (en)

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CN104141516B (en) * 2013-11-22 2016-04-13 泰州市宏祥动力机械有限公司 Camshaft structure
DE102019107626A1 (en) 2019-03-25 2020-10-01 Thyssenkrupp Ag Sliding cam system and motor
DE102020210259A1 (en) 2020-08-12 2022-02-17 Thyssenkrupp Ag sliding cam system
DE102020210265A1 (en) 2020-08-12 2022-02-17 Thyssenkrupp Ag Sliding cam system for an internal combustion engine with an integrated locking element
DE102020210267A1 (en) 2020-08-12 2022-02-17 Thyssenkrupp Ag Sliding camshaft arrangement for an internal combustion engine, and method for shifting a sliding camshaft arrangement for an internal combustion engine

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DE10148243A1 (en) 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 Ina Schaeffler Kg Valve drive with valve lift changing for the gas shuttle valve of a four-stroke internal combustion engine comprises a toothed shaft with an external tooth arrangement
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