WO2013069610A1 - Water intake device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a water intake device in which trash is less likely to accumulate and for which maintenance is easy, which has good usability without restriction of suitable installation locations, and which can be used in a water using device such as a small-scale water powered generator or in various water using facilities, etc. The water intake device (1) is provided with the following: a water intake chamber (4) the upstream side of which is closed by a cover member (8) and on the downstream side of which a water supply inlet (4a) is provided in an open state; a plurality of perpendicular plates (6) provided in a row along the lateral part of a portion of the water intake chamber (4) that is formed wider on the downstream side; a rotation roller (7) disposed on the upstream side of the cover member (8) and rotatable about a vertical line; and support plates (2, 3) that sandwich the water intake chamber (4) from above and below and support the perpendicular plates (6). The water of a river, channel, etc. flows into the water intake chamber (4) via openings (9) adjacent to the perpendicular plates (6), is discharged from the water supply inlet (4a), and is provided to a small-scale water powered generator, etc., or is drained.

Description

Water intake equipment

The present invention is used when water is taken from rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc., and the taken water is sent to a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator or various water utilization facilities, or when it is drained. It relates to a water intake device to be used.

For example, although this type of small hydroelectric generator cannot obtain a large output, it does not require a commercial power source and does not adversely affect the natural environment. Therefore, it is used as a power source of several kW or less in mountainous areas or farms. ing. On the upstream side of such a small hydroelectric generator, a water intake device for small-scale hydroelectric power generation is installed to supply water taken in from rivers, waterways, etc. to the power generator, and this intake device serves as a strainer for removing debris. Functions are required.

In other words, since water such as fallen leaves and dead branches is mixed in the water flowing through rivers and waterways, water intake devices such as water intake devices for small-scale hydropower generation use hydropower when taking water from rivers and waterways. Waste (foreign matter) that may adversely affect the operation of the power generation device, etc. must be removed. However, if the water intake device is a filtration system that simply prevents the passage of waste, it is likely that dust will accumulate in the filtration part, so that there is a high possibility that clogging will occur and it will be difficult to take in water. Moreover, in order to prevent clogging of the filtration part, accumulated dust must be frequently removed, so that maintenance tends to be complicated. In addition, if the water intake is designed to have a structure that allows water to flow backward from the inside to the outside, it will be possible to return the waste collected in the filtration section to the river / waterway relatively easily. Since the water intake device provided is expensive, it is not preferable for a small-scale system.

Therefore, conventionally, as a water intake device such as a small-scale hydroelectric power intake device, a round member having a smaller diameter than the object to be removed is provided on the cylindrical surface of a substantially cylindrical member having one end in the axial direction and a water supply port on the other end side. The thing provided with many holes is proposed (for example, refer patent document 1). This is installed in rivers, waterways, etc. in a posture where the closed end faces upstream and the axial direction matches the flow-down direction, and water from rivers, waterways, etc. can be taken in through the round holes. The taken-in water is sent from a water supply port to a small hydroelectric generator. According to Patent Document 1, even when dust such as fallen leaves adheres to the cylindrical surface and closes the round hole, water such as rivers and waterways flowing along the axial direction peels the dust from the cylindrical surface. In order to exert an action, it is described that dust does not easily collect on the cylindrical surface which is a filtration part.

JP 2007-187014 A

However, when the intake device for small-scale hydroelectric power generation disclosed in Patent Document 1 is installed in a river / waterway, etc., when the number of round holes blocked by garbage such as fallen leaves increases, The flow rate of the inflowing water increases and it becomes easier to suck in the waste. Therefore, if the flow rate of water flowing through rivers and waterways is not so high, the dust attached to the cylindrical surface of this water intake device cannot be easily peeled off, resulting in a large amount of waste. It will end up. In other words, such conventional water intake devices are difficult to collect if installed in a place where the flow of water is fast, but are easy to collect if installed in a place where the flow of water is slow. There was a problem of being bad.

The present invention has been made in view of the situation of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is that it is difficult to collect dust, is easy to maintain, and has a small size that is easy to use without being limited to a suitable installation location. An object of the present invention is to provide a water intake device such as a large scale hydroelectric power generation device or a water intake device used in various water use facilities.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a water intake device that is installed in a river / water channel, etc., discharges water taken from the river / water channel, etc., and supplies or drains it to a small hydroelectric power generator, etc. A water inlet is opened on the downstream side at the end, and a water intake chamber formed wider toward the downstream side with respect to the upstream side and a predetermined interval along the inclined side portion of this water intake chamber, A plurality of vertical plates arranged vertically or substantially vertically in a standing posture, a rotating roller disposed upstream of the closed end of the intake chamber and rotatable around a vertical line, and the intake chamber sandwiched from above and below And a pair of support plates supporting the vertical plate, and the extending direction in a plan view of the vertical plate toward the outside of the water intake chamber has an acute angle with respect to the flow-down direction of a river / water channel, etc. Through the opening adjacent to the vertical plate. Water etc. rivers and waterways has flowed into the room and to be discharged from the water supply port.

When a water intake device constructed in this way is installed in a river, waterway, etc., relatively large garbage such as dead branches flowing from the upstream side is released to the side (to the right or left of the water intake device) by a rotating roller. The waste flowing toward the inclined side of the intake chamber can be guided to the outside of the intake device by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate. In addition, the water flowing into the intake chamber through the opening adjacent to the vertical plate is slowed down by setting the sum of the opening area of the intake chamber opening sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet. As a result, the capacity for transporting garbage is reduced, so there is a low possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves will enter the intake chamber. Therefore, this water intake device can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste regardless of whether the flow rate of water flowing through the installed river or waterway is high or low, and it is inexpensive because it has a simple structure. Can be produced. In addition, this water intake device has the same effect of preventing waste from staying and entering even when installed so as to move relative to still water. That is, this water intake apparatus can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of garbage even when it is attached to a moving body such as a ship and water is taken from still water such as a lake or ocean.

In the above intake device, the average inflow velocity at the inflow portion of the intake chamber can be calculated by the following equation, where S ₁ is the sum of the opening areas of the inflow portion of the intake chamber and S ₂ is the opening area of the water inlet.
Average inflow velocity at the opening of the intake chamber = discharge velocity from the water inlet × S ₂ / S ₁
Therefore, if the total value of the opening area of the intake chamber is set sufficiently large according to the discharge flow rate from the water inlet and the opening area of the water inlet, the river, water channel, etc. Since the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening is always smaller than the flow rate, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of waste is increased, which is preferable.

Further, in the above water intake device, if the water intake chamber has a pair of side portions inclined in opposite directions, and a plurality of vertical plates are arranged in at least one of these both side portions, the stagnation and intrusion of garbage can be prevented. The effect of preventing is obtained. In this case, a plurality of vertical plates are arranged in line-symmetrical positions on both sides of the water intake chamber, and the vertical plates existing at corresponding positions on both sides spread from the upstream side toward the downstream side. If it is arranged in a plan view shape, the water intake device can be set to a bilaterally symmetric structure, so that the balance in terms of appearance and function is improved.

Further, in the water intake device described above, the vertical plate is rotatably supported by the support plate, and the vertical plate can be adjusted with respect to the flow direction of the river / water channel where the water intake device is installed. Since the inclination angle of the vertical plate can be appropriately changed in accordance with the water flow rate of the place, adjustment for exhibiting a desired function can be easily performed.

The water intake device used in water utilization devices such as small-scale hydroelectric power generation devices and various water utilization facilities according to the present invention is configured to remove relatively large waste flowing from the upstream side of rivers, waterways, etc. by a rotating roller (water intake device). The waste that flows toward the inclined side of the intake chamber can be discharged to the outside of the intake device by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate. Can lead to. In addition, the water flowing into the intake chamber through the opening adjacent to the vertical plate is slowed down by setting the sum of the opening area of the intake chamber opening sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet. As a result, the capacity for transporting garbage is reduced, so there is a low possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves will enter the intake chamber. Therefore, this water intake device can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste, regardless of whether the flow rate of the water flowing through the river / waterway to be installed is high or low, and maintenance is easy. There is an excellent effect that the installation location is not limited and the usability is good.

It is a side view of the water intake device which concerns on the example of 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is the rear view seen from the B direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the water intake apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the water intake apparatus which concerns on the example of 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator and a water intake device such as various water utilization facilities according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

The water intake apparatus 1 shown in these figures is installed in rivers, waterways, etc., and water utilization devices such as small-scale hydroelectric generators and various water utilization facilities that are not shown in FIG. Used to feed or drain. At that time, the water intake device 1 is installed in a river / water channel or the like in a posture in which the longitudinal direction matches the flow-down direction, and the narrow side (see FIG. 2) of the water intake device 1 is directed upstream.

The water intake device 1 includes a pair of upper and lower support plates (top plate 2 and bottom plate 3), a water intake chamber 4 that is a space sandwiched between the pair of support plates 2 and 3 and having an upstream end as a closed end, and a water intake chamber 4, the water supply port 4 a provided on the downstream side of the water intake port 4, the water supply pipe 5 surrounding the water supply port 4 a as an extension member on the downstream side of the water intake chamber 4, and the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4. A plurality of vertical plates 6 and a rotating roller 7 disposed upstream of the water intake chamber 4 and rotatable around a vertical line are schematically configured. 1 and 2, the upstream side of the river / water channel where the water intake device 1 is installed is the left side in the figure, and the downstream side is the right side in the figure. Direction. In the present embodiment, a total of ten vertical plates 6 are disposed on the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4, but the number of the vertical plates 6 can be selected as appropriate. In this embodiment, the length and interval of the vertical plate 6 and the inclination angle θ of the vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow direction (arrow C direction) of the river / water channel are set to be the same. It is possible to set different values for every six.

The pair of upper and lower support plates 2 and 3 are plate-like members arranged in parallel and having the same size and shape facing each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the plan view shape of the support plates 2 and 3 is downstream from the upstream side. The shape is an isosceles triangle that is gradually wider toward the side. When installing the water intake apparatus 1 in a river, a water channel or the like, the pair of support plates 2 and 3 are set in a substantially horizontal posture, and are installed so that the narrow side faces the upstream side. In this embodiment, the pair of upper and lower support plates 2 and 3 are arranged in parallel, have the same size and shape, and the shape in plan view is an isosceles triangle that gradually widens from the upstream side to the downstream side. However, the support plates 2 and 3 can be non-parallel, have different sizes or shapes, or have a planar view shape other than an isosceles triangle shape.

The upstream end of the intake chamber 4 is closed by a cover member 8 which is a semi-cylindrical standing wall, and this cover member 8 is held from above and below by support plates 2 and 3. The water in the water intake chamber 4 is discharged from the downstream water supply port 4a and is supplied to a water utilization device such as the small-scale hydroelectric power generation device or various water utilization facilities through a water conduit (not shown) connected to the water supply tube 5. Supplied.

The water intake chamber 4 is formed in an isosceles triangle shape that is wider toward the downstream side in plan view, except for the portion surrounded by the water pipe 5. A total of ten vertical plates 6 are arranged in a line-symmetrical positional relationship between the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4. Further, an opening 9 for taking in water is formed between the adjacent vertical plates 6 and between the cover member 8 and the vertical plate 6. That is, five vertical plates 6 in a standing posture are arranged in rows with predetermined intervals (openings 9) on each of the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, and each vertical The plate 6 is held from above and below by the support plates 2 and 3. The vertical plates 6 arranged on one inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4 are parallel to each other, and the vertical plates 6 arranged on the other side portion are also parallel to each other. And as shown in FIG. 2, since the vertical plate 6 which exists in the corresponding position of these both sides is arrange | positioned in the planar view shape (C shape) which spreads from the upstream side toward the downstream side, The inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow-down direction (arrow C direction) of the river / water channel in which the apparatus 1 is installed is an acute angle. This inclination angle θ is an angle formed between the extending direction of each vertical plate 6 facing outward from the intake chamber 4 in the plan view and the flow-down direction of the river / water channel, etc., and the water flowing through the river / water channel, etc. It is preferable to set the inclination angle θ to an appropriate angle within the range of 20 to 60 degrees according to the flow rate or the like. In this embodiment, the vertical plate 6 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction, but can be arranged at an angle other than vertical.

The rotating roller 7 is disposed close to the upstream side of the cover member 8 that is the closed end of the water intake chamber 4, and the rotating shaft 7 a of the rotating roller 7 is held from above and below by the support plates 2 and 3. That is, when the water intake device 1 is installed in a river, a water channel or the like, the rotating roller 7 is positioned on the most upstream side.

When the water intake device 1 is installed in a river / water channel, water in the river / water channel flows into the water intake chamber 4 through the opening 9 and is discharged from the water supply port 4a (water supply pipe 5). At that time, litter such as fallen leaves and dead branches carried along with water in rivers and waterways is blocked by the rotating roller 7, the cover member 8, the vertical plate 6, etc. and cannot easily enter the intake chamber 4. Therefore, water that does not include such waste is taken into the intake chamber 4 and supplied or drained from the water pipe 5 to the water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric power generation device or various water utilization facilities through the water conduit. It has become. In addition, the total value of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a. The flow rate of the incoming water is always reduced.

As described above, when the water intake device 1 according to the present embodiment is installed in a river / waterway, relatively large garbage such as dead branches flowing from the upstream side is moved by the rotating roller 7 (the right outside of the water intake device 1). The waste that flows toward the inclined side of the intake chamber 4 can be discharged to the outside of the intake device 1 by the water flow of rivers and waterways along the outer edge of the vertical plate 6. Can lead to. In addition, the water that enters the intake chamber 4 through the opening 9 adjacent to the vertical plate 6 is set to a value that is sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water inlet, with the sum of the opening area of the intake portion of the intake chamber 4. As a result, the flow rate is slowed, and the dust carrying capacity is reduced accordingly. Therefore, the possibility that small garbage such as fallen leaves enters the intake chamber 4 is low. Therefore, the water intake device 1 can effectively prevent stagnation and intrusion of waste, regardless of whether the flow rate of water flowing through the installed river or waterway is fast or slow. Moreover, since this water intake device 1 has a simple structure, it can be manufactured at low cost.

In this embodiment, the sum of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a, such as a river / waterway at the place where the water intake apparatus is installed. Since the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening 9 is always smaller than the flow rate, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of waste is high.

Further, in the present embodiment example, a plurality of vertical plates 6 are arranged on each of the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, so that water that does not include garbage to be removed is taken in the water intake chamber 4. Can be taken in efficiently from both the left and right sides. In addition, in this embodiment, the vertical plate 6 is arranged in a line-symmetrical positional relationship between the inclined one side portion and the other side portion of the water intake chamber 4, and the vertical positions existing at corresponding positions on both side portions. Since the plates 6 are arranged in a plan view shape (C shape) that widens toward the downstream side from the upstream side, the water intake device 1 can be set to a bilaterally symmetric structure, providing a balance in appearance and function. It has become a good thing.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a water utilization device 12 such as a small-scale several power generator and a water intake device 12 such as various water utilization facilities according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Since it is attached | subjected, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the water intake device 12 shown in FIG. 4, the vertical plate 6 is arranged in only one of the inclined side portions of the water intake chamber 4, and the vertical plate 6 on the other side portion is omitted. Even with a simple structure, the effect of preventing stagnation and intrusion of dust can be obtained. In other words, if it is not necessary to take in water from the inclined side of the intake chamber 4 for some reason such as the shape of the river / water channel or the flow velocity at the place where the intake device 12 is installed, the other side is It is only necessary to close and take in water into the intake chamber 4 only from one side. By doing so, the structure of the water intake device 12 becomes extremely simple. In this case as well, if the sum of the opening areas of all the openings 9 is set to be sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port 4a, the flow velocity of the water flowing through the river / waterway near the installation location Compared to the above, the flow rate of water flowing in from the opening 9 becomes smaller.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a water utilization device such as a small-scale hydroelectric generator and a water intake device such as various water utilization facilities according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and the parts corresponding to those in FIG. Therefore, a duplicate description is omitted.

In the water intake device 13 shown in FIG. 5, each vertical plate 6 disposed on the inclined side portion of the water intake chamber 4 is rotatably supported by the support plates 2 and 3, and installed rivers, water channels, etc. The inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 with respect to the flow-down direction can be adjusted. In this water intake device 13, the inclination angle θ of each vertical plate 6 can be appropriately changed according to the flow rate of water at the installation location, and therefore, adjustment for exerting a desired function can be easily performed.

1,12,13 Water intake device 2 Top plate (support plate)
3 Bottom plate (support plate)
4 Water intake chamber 4a Water supply port 5 Water supply pipe 6 Vertical plate 7 Rotating roller 8 Cover member 9 Opening portion θ Inclination angle

Claims (5)

Installed in rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc., and supplies or discharges water taken from rivers, waterways, reservoirs, lakes, oceans, etc. to water-use devices such as small-scale hydroelectric generators and various water-use facilities Intake equipment for
The upstream side is a closed end and a water supply port is opened on the downstream side. The intake chamber is formed wider toward the downstream side than the upstream side, and a predetermined interval exists along the inclined side of the intake chamber. A plurality of vertical plates arranged in an upright position vertically or substantially vertically, a rotating roller arranged upstream of the closed end of the intake chamber and rotatable around a vertical line, and the intake chamber being moved up and down A pair of support plates sandwiched from and supporting the vertical plate,
The extending direction in a plan view of the vertical plate that faces the outside of the water intake chamber forms an acute angle with respect to the flow-down direction of a river, a water channel, etc., and the water intake is made through an opening adjacent to the vertical plate. A water intake device characterized in that water from a river or water channel that has flowed into a room is discharged from the water supply port. 2. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by adding the opening areas of all the openings is set sufficiently larger than the opening area of the water supply port. 3. The water intake device according to claim 1, wherein the water intake chamber has a pair of side portions inclined in opposite directions, and the vertical plate is arranged in at least one of both side portions. . 4. The vertical plate according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the vertical plates are arranged in line-symmetrical positions on both sides of the intake chamber, and the vertical plates located at corresponding positions on both sides are upstream. The water intake device is arranged in a plan view shape that expands toward the downstream side from the top. 5. The vertical plate according to claim 1, wherein the vertical plate is rotatably supported by the support plate, and an inclination angle of the vertical plate with respect to a flow-down direction of a river or a water channel can be adjusted. A water intake device characterized by that.

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