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WO2013065076A1 - Dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset - Google Patents

Dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2013065076A1
WO2013065076A1 PCT/IT2011/000379 IT2011000379W WO2013065076A1 WO 2013065076 A1 WO2013065076 A1 WO 2013065076A1 IT 2011000379 W IT2011000379 W IT 2011000379W WO 2013065076 A1 WO2013065076 A1 WO 2013065076A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side wall
segment
container
base cone
crucible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IT2011/000379
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Piergianni GANDINI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GANDINI SpA
Original Assignee
GANDINI SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GANDINI SpA filed Critical GANDINI SpA
Priority to EP11808725.3A priority Critical patent/EP2739926B1/fr
Publication of WO2013065076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013065076A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details specially adapted for crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/0033—Lifting means forming part of the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/12—Supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/54—Gates or closures
    • B65D90/62—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening
    • B65D90/626—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening having a linear motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F27D13/002—Preheating scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
    • F27D3/0027—Charging vertically with corbs
    • F27D3/0028—Corbs

Definitions

  • the present invention has application in the foundry field, and more specifically it refers to a device for loading crucible furnaces.
  • Blast furnaces are furnaces employed in foundries in order to smelt a metal charge.
  • blast furnaces There are various types of blast furnaces, which differ from each other regarding the structure and the mode with which the heat is transferred to the metal charge.
  • the metal charge is situated in a receptacle (the crucible) placed inside a chamber in which heat is generated via electrical heating elements and/or a natural gas burner.
  • the metal charge is usually constituted by ingots, risers, smelting waste to be resmelted or scraps.
  • the crucible is made of a highly conductive material, such as graphite or silicon carbide, while the chamber where the crucible is placed is insulated, in such a manner optimizing the transfer of heat from the flame to the metal charge.
  • the loading of crucible furnaces is preceded by an operation called "drying" of the metal charge, which consists of a pre-heating of the same aimed to eliminate possible traces of residual water.
  • drying of the metal charge
  • This operation is made necessary by the fact that usually, at the time of loading, the crucible contains residual molten charge. If the latter came into contact with traces of water present in the charge to be smelted, this would lead to a violent reaction due to the generation of water vapor and to the immediate expansion thereof: there would be the risk that molten metal spray exits outward from the mouth of the furnace. In order to pre- vent one such occurrence, it is necessary to pre-heat the metal charge by inserting the same in suitable drying furnaces that are different from the blast furnaces.
  • the crucible furnaces are loaded from the top.
  • the crucible has an upper opening and the loading of the furnace occurs by overturning - at the loading mouth of the furnace above said opening - a container (generally a large metal box) in which the charge to be smelted has been previously collected.
  • the overturning of the container is manually carried out by an operator.
  • the latter thus comes to be situated close to the loading mouth of the furnace, and risks being burnt and inhaling fumes. These risks are even greater whenever it is necessary to fill ⁇ a crucible that is already partially loaded.
  • the manual loading also requires considerable operator effort, since for safety reasons the loading mouth of the furnace is situated at a height from the ground such that, in case of accidental operator fall, the latter cannot come into contact with the molten metal. Since the loading operation for the crucible furnace is relatively frequent, the strenu- ous actions are repeated; in the immediate future or over a long period of time, serious damage can be caused to the muscular-skeleton apparatus of the operator.
  • Another disadvantage of the manual loading consists of the fact that the operator can be injured due to the accidental fall of pieces from the container, or the operator can be cut due to the presence of burrs on non-compliance castings intended to be resmelted. These traumas are even more probable if the operator is obliged to manually insert the pieces to be smelted in the crucible, one at a time, as occurs when the pieces are too heavy or bulky to be collected in the suitable container.
  • a mechanically overturnable metal box open at the top for inserting the metal charge to be smelted.
  • the box is liftable by means of a forklift whose forks are insertable in two tubular elements having one end hinged to the base of the box, allowing the overturning thereof in a nearly instantaneous manner. This does not allow operating in maximum safety conditions since there is the risk that not all the metal charge falls into the crucible.
  • part of the charge could bounce against the edge of the furnace loading mouth and be projected beyond the hole itself, with the risk of injuring operators in the immediate vicinity; another part of the charge could remain on the upper wall of the furnace, requiring a subsequent manual intervention to push it into the crucible, with the abovemen- tioned risks for the operator.
  • the pieces that bounce outside the furnace must be reinserted in the container, thus repeating the loading operation, or they must be manually inserted into the crucible.
  • the overturning to automatically occur with the release of an immobilization device, it is necessary that the box be filled in a uniform manner - but this is not always possible, es- pecially in the case of smelting waste to be resmelted that is particularly bulky. There is therefore the risk that the operator will be obliged to intervene, by seeking to manually overturn the box or by making it jump slightly with the forklift. Also in these situations, therefore, there is a high risk of injury for the operator. Objects of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by indicating a device for loading crucible furnaces that can be mechanically actuated by an operator in maximum safety conditions.
  • the present invention has as subject a device for loading blast furnaces, said furnaces having a loading mouth placed above the opening of a crucible, said device including:
  • said container is delimited by a side wall with overturned frustoconical shape, separatable from a base cone that is projected in the space delimited by said side wall;
  • said gripping means include a guide rod connected to the vertex of the base cone;
  • the loading device also including:
  • - second gripping means connected to said side wall and suitable for providing a seat for the guide rod, allowing the sliding of the side wall in the direction of the guide rod for the emptying of the container;
  • the second gripping means comprise a bar whose ends are connected to the edge of the mouth with greater diameter of said side wall with frustoconical shape, the bar being centrally perforated in order to obtain the seat for the guide rod.
  • said side wall is constituted by a rigid metal mesh comprised between two metal rings, of which the lower ring acts as an abutment against the base cone during lifting.
  • said base cone is formed by a rigid metal mesh that constitutes the single side wall thereof, connected at the base to a metal ring that come to press against said abutment ring.
  • said support means of the con- tainer include a plurality of legs arranged around said base cone, each leg being constituted by:
  • the first segment being contiguous with a second segment that is upwardly tilted outside the base cone;
  • the second segment being contiguous with a third horizontal segment nearly at the same height as the vertex of the base cone;
  • the third segment being contiguous with a downwardly-directed terminal segment, of smaller length than the second segment and having a support foot at the end.
  • the frustoconical shape of the side wall confers greater capacity to the container with respect to the cylindrical shape, and the fact that said frustoconical shape is overturned ensures that the weight force of the load to be smelted presses the side wall against the base cone. This con- tributes to preventing the accidental lifting of the side wall during the movement of the scum loading device.
  • the emptying of the container occurs more rapidly the higher the side wall is lifted from the base cone.
  • the operator can thus regulate the emptying speed of the container by lifting the side wall as desired.
  • the fact that the base cone is partially inserted in the crucible facilitates the entrance of the metal charge, preventing the accidental fall in the interspace present between the crucible and the walls of the furnace chamber where the crucible is placed.
  • the rigid metal mesh that constitutes the base cone and the side wall of the container lightens the device, dampens the noise that is generated during the emptying of the container, and allows drying the metal charge to be smelted without using a drying furnace. Indeed, by positioning the device loaded with pieces to be dried at the mouth of the furnace, as occurs for the loading operation, the heat emanated from the crucible crosses the mesh and reaches the metal charge, drying it.
  • the presence of the guide rod maintains the two parts of the container joined together, even if allowing the translation of the lateral part with respect to the base; hence, during transport the two parts cannot be separated, which would cause an undesired partial emptying.
  • the guide also confers container emptying uniformity along the circumference of the base cone.
  • FIG. 1A, 1B, 1C are perspective views of the parts composing a device for loading crucible furnaces according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the device obtained from the assembly of the parts visible in the preceding figures;
  • figure 3 is a perspective view of the loading device of figure 2 set on the ground and filled with risers;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the loading device of figure 3 lifted from the ground by means of a forklift;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the loading device of figure 4 positioned on the mouth of a crucible furnace;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the loading device of figure 5 during the emptying thereof;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective cross section view of the loading device for the crucible furnace of figure 6.
  • Figures 1A, 1B, 1C separately show the components of a loading device for crucible furnaces.
  • FIG 1A it is possible to observe a truncated cone obtained from a rigid metal mesh 1 cut with circular rim sector form, folded on itself and then welded along the superimposed lateral edges.
  • the truncated cone 1 is overturned, i.e. with the smaller diameter edge lower down.
  • Two metal rings 2 and 3 are respectively welded to the smaller and greater diameter edges of the truncated cone 1.
  • a horizontal bar 4 has the ends welded to the upper ring 3 in diametric position and a square hole 5 in central position.
  • Figure 1 B shows a cone obtained from a rigid metal mesh 10 cut with circular sector shape, folded on itself and then welded along the superimposed lateral edges.
  • a metal ring 1 1 is welded to the edge of the cone 10.
  • the diameter of the ring 1 1 is equal to or at most greater than the diameter of the lower ring 2 of the truncated cone 1.
  • the ring 11 is welded to and rests on four identical legs 12, 13, 14, 15.
  • the legs 12, 13, 14, 15 are of flattened form and are spaced 90° with respect to each other.
  • Figure 1C shows a parallelepiped rod 16 that can slide in the seat 5 of the bar 4.
  • the upper end of the rod 16 is welded to the center of a bar 17 orthogonal to the bar 16.
  • Two brackets 18 and 19 for the insertion of the forks of the forklift are welded to the bar 17 on opposite sides with respect to the rod 16.
  • a container for the metal charge to be smelted composed of two meshes 1 and 10, of which the mesh 1 constituting a frustoconical side wall has the possibility to translate with respect to the base constituted by the conical mesh 10 in order to allow the emptying of the container itself.
  • the rod 16 projects beyond the upper ring 3 with a height corresponding to the length of the upward translation of the frustoconical mesh 1 , which determines the desired level of opening of the device 20. It is not recommended to make the frustoconical mesh 1 translate upward beyond twice the height of the base cone 10 since the metal charge, constituted by pieces to be resmelted of variable size, could gain speed such to make the single pieces bounce outside the crucible opening.
  • the subsequent figures 3 to 7 illustrate the sequence of loading a crucible furnace by means of the device 20.
  • Figure 3 shows the device 20 of figure 2 filled with risers 25 while the access to the brackets 18 and 19 of the bar 17 remains unobstructed.
  • the metal meshes 1 and 10 are sufficiently close and rigid so as to contain the risers 25 without being deformed.
  • Figure 4 shows the forklift 26 with the forks 27 and 28 inserted in the brackets 18 and 19 of the bar 17.
  • the forks 27 and 28 are at a height such that the device 20 is lifted from the ground.
  • the lifting of the base cone 10 determines the lifting of the entire device 20 since the ring 1 1 comes to abut against the lower ring 2 of the frustoconical mesh 1.
  • Figure 5 shows the device 20 positioned above the loading mouth 29 of a crucible furnace 30.
  • the feet of 12e type of the legs 12, 13, 14 and 15 rest on the upper wall 31 of the furnace 30.
  • the forks 27 and 28 of the forklift 26 were removed from the brackets 18 and 19 of the bar 17 and subsequently inserted into the brackets 6 and 7 of the bar 4.
  • the loading mouth 29 has a diameter greater than that of the base cone 10. The latter, the legs 12, 13, 14 and 15 and the lower part of the frustoconical mesh 1 at the ring 2 cross the loading mouth 29, partially penetrat- ing into the furnace 30.
  • the device 20 remains in this step until the risers 25 are completely dried.
  • Figure 6 shows the device 20 of figure 5 in which the frustoconical mesh 1 has been completely lifted by means of the forks 27 and 28, until the brackets 6 and 7 arrive in contact with the bar 17.
  • an opening is created be- tween the base cone 10 and the frustoconical mesh 1 through which the risers 25 fall into the crucible 32 (visible in figure 7).
  • the passage from the step shown in figure 5 to that shown in figure 6 occurs with the gradualness required for emptying the device without the risers overflowing beyond the opening of the crucible 32.
  • Figure 7 shows, in cross section, the device 20 and the furnace 30 of figure 6.
  • the crucible 32 is placed partially filled with molten metal 33.
  • the crucible 32 rests on the base of the chamber 34 at the center thereof, aligned with the loading mouth 29, the latter having smaller diameter than the diameter of the crucible 32.
  • a burner 35 is inserted in a side wall of the furnace 30 in communication with the chamber 34 for the heating of the crucible 32.
  • the diameter of the base cone 10 is about half the diameter of the crucible 32 opening, leaving sufficient space for the fall of the risers 25.
  • the height of the oblique segment of 12b type is greater than or equal to the sum of: the height of the distal segment of 12d type, the thickness of the upper wall 31 of the furnace 30, the distance between the latter wall and the opening of the crucible 32 and the desired amount of penetration of the base cone 10 inside the crucible 32.
  • the opposite legs form a single piece obtained via shearing of a plate.
  • the opposite proximal segments of 12a type are in reality two halves of a single trian- gle whose oblique sides have the same tilt as the base cone 10 resting thereon.
  • Each triangle has a central notch: a first one open on the vertex and a second one open on the base, in a manner so as to allow the fitting between the two pairs of legs.
  • the rod 16 is also welded to the triangular conformation of the legs 12, 13, 14 and 15 inside the cone 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset qui comprend un récipient ayant une paroi latérale tronconique inversée qui bute contre le bord d'un support de base conique à sommet dirigé vers le haut. Le dispositif est équipé d'un guide de coulissement vertical pour la paroi latérale par rapport au support de base, et de deux paires de supports qui peuvent être attaquées par un chariot élévateur à fourche et qui sont respectivement reliées au support de base et à la paroi latérale. L'élévation de la base permet l'élévation de l'ensemble du dispositif tandis que l'élévation de la paroi latérale permet de vider le récipient. Le support de base est soudé aux quatre branches, de telle sorte que le dispositif peut être positionné au-dessus de la bouche de chargement du four à creuset. Les branches sont conformées de telle sorte que le support de base est partiellement engagé dans le creuset.
PCT/IT2011/000379 2011-11-02 2011-11-18 Dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset Ceased WO2013065076A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11808725.3A EP2739926B1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2011-11-18 Dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001978A ITMI20111978A1 (it) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Dispositivo di carico di forni a crogiolo
ITMI2011A001978 2011-11-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013065076A1 true WO2013065076A1 (fr) 2013-05-10

Family

ID=45757083

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2011/000379 Ceased WO2013065076A1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2011-11-18 Dispositif pour charger des fours à creuset

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2739926B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20111978A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013065076A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112722531A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-30 苏州浩宇南天信息科技有限公司 一种医疗药品运输用低温存储装置及其使用方法
CN116081125A (zh) * 2023-02-20 2023-05-09 华能营口仙人岛热电有限责任公司 一种犁耙式自动清扫进口落煤管堵煤装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB716885A (en) * 1951-10-02 1954-10-13 John Miles & Partners London L Skips for handling material
GB1100608A (en) * 1965-11-23 1968-01-24 West Ipswich Ltd Improvements in or relating to storage containers
JPH11159972A (ja) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-15 Shinko Electric Co Ltd 合金添加装置
US20060060133A1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-23 Katsunori Nakashima Apparatus and method for supplying raw material in Czochralski method
CN2861078Y (zh) * 2005-11-15 2007-01-24 任福禄 一种带锁紧装置的合金料罐
CN201488524U (zh) * 2009-07-01 2010-05-26 厦门榕兴纸业制造有限公司 一种新型的冲天炉上料结构

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB716885A (en) * 1951-10-02 1954-10-13 John Miles & Partners London L Skips for handling material
GB1100608A (en) * 1965-11-23 1968-01-24 West Ipswich Ltd Improvements in or relating to storage containers
JPH11159972A (ja) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-15 Shinko Electric Co Ltd 合金添加装置
US20060060133A1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-23 Katsunori Nakashima Apparatus and method for supplying raw material in Czochralski method
CN2861078Y (zh) * 2005-11-15 2007-01-24 任福禄 一种带锁紧装置的合金料罐
CN201488524U (zh) * 2009-07-01 2010-05-26 厦门榕兴纸业制造有限公司 一种新型的冲天炉上料结构

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112722531A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-04-30 苏州浩宇南天信息科技有限公司 一种医疗药品运输用低温存储装置及其使用方法
CN116081125A (zh) * 2023-02-20 2023-05-09 华能营口仙人岛热电有限责任公司 一种犁耙式自动清扫进口落煤管堵煤装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20111978A1 (it) 2013-05-03
EP2739926A1 (fr) 2014-06-11
EP2739926B1 (fr) 2016-03-09

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