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WO2013064113A1 - 接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置 - Google Patents

接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013064113A1
WO2013064113A1 PCT/CN2012/084072 CN2012084072W WO2013064113A1 WO 2013064113 A1 WO2013064113 A1 WO 2013064113A1 CN 2012084072 W CN2012084072 W CN 2012084072W WO 2013064113 A1 WO2013064113 A1 WO 2013064113A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
acknowledgement
message
receiving end
successfully received
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2012/084072
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张兴新
高磊
刘孟红
陈庆勇
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2013064113A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013064113A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093—Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end and a transmitting end.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wireless Local Area Net (WLAN) is a network system that uses electromagnetic waves as a transmission medium in accordance with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 protocol.
  • the basic architecture of a WLAN network system includes multiple stations (Stations, referred to as STAs), which implement wireless communication between sites based on electromagnetic waves.
  • STAs stations
  • the physical layer communication between the sites is implemented based on the Media Access Control (MAC) layer protocol. Since the communication between the stations needs to share the same channel in a time-sharing manner, that is, only one station can use the channel at the same time, the MAC layer protocol needs to allocate a channel for the station by using a certain mechanism, such as a scheduling mechanism and a competition mechanism. Thereby implementing site-to-channel time division multiplexing.
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the prior art introduces a low latency, link level retransmission mechanism due to errors in transmission over the wireless medium.
  • the retransmission mechanism allows frames that are not properly demodulated by the receiving site to be resent by the transmitting site.
  • the prior art also introduces an acknowledgment mechanism, that is, when the receiving end station correctly receives the frame sent to itself, it sends an acknowledgement frame (Acknowledgment, abbreviated as ACK). A timely, positive confirmation.
  • ACK acknowledgement, abbreviated as ACK
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end and a transmitting end, so as to improve the efficiency of the acknowledgment mechanism and reduce system overhead.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end, including:
  • the acknowledgment message is sent in the form of multicast or broadcast, and the successfully received frame is confirmed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a transmitting end, including: receiving an acknowledgement message sent by a receiving end station in a broadcast or multicast manner;
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end, including: a frame receiving module, configured to receive a frame sent from one or more sending end stations;
  • a frame confirmation module is configured to send an acknowledgement message in the form of multicast or broadcast, and confirm the successfully received frame.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a transmitting end, comprising: a message receiving module, configured to receive an acknowledgement message sent by a receiving end station in a broadcast or multicast manner; and a receiving confirmation module, configured to perform, according to the acknowledgement The message confirms whether the frame sent by this site was successfully received.
  • the method and device for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end and the transmitting end in the embodiment of the present invention realizes unified confirmation of multiple sites by transmitting an acknowledgement message in the form of multicast or broadcast, whether it is only confirming one sender site or not according to actual conditions.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention provide the possibility of reducing the acknowledgement overhead of the receiving end site, and at the same time, the manners of the acknowledgment of the receiving site are confirmed. When it is confirmed that multiple sender sites are used, the effect of improving efficiency and reducing overhead is particularly obvious.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will be true.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a WLAN system applicable to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame timing of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an acknowledgement frame used in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 4B is a schematic diagram showing the format of a frame control field in the frame of FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a site association identifier in an acknowledgment frame according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a site MAC address in an acknowledgment frame according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an acknowledgement frame used in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a site identifier in an acknowledgement frame according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a frame timing of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a transmitting end according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an implementation method and a device for confirming the data of the receiving end and the transmitting end respectively.
  • the technical solution is typically applied to a WLAN network system.
  • a WLAN system is typically composed of a plurality of STAs, which are within a certain coverage area and have some association. Multiple STAs form the basic component of a WLAN, the Basic Service Set (BSS). According to the organization, BSS can be divided into a variety of. The most basic form of association is that multiple STAs communicate directly with each other in an ad hoc network. This is called an independent Basic Service Set (IBSS), such as BSS1 in Figure 1.
  • IBSS independent Basic Service Set
  • the BSS with infrastructure When multiple STAs are associated with an Access Point (AP) that manages the BSS, the BSS established around the AP is called the BSS with infrastructure.
  • the AP is actually a central STA, AP.
  • the MAC layer communication mode with other STAs is substantially the same as the communication between STAs.
  • the BSS with infrastructure can be interconnected by the respective APs through a Distributed System (DS) to form an extended BSS (Extension BSS, SEC for short), such as BSS2 and BSS3 in FIG.
  • DS Distributed System
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is generally applicable to MAC layer communication between any stations in a WLAN network system.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the WLAN, and may be applicable to other implementations between the receiving end and the transmitting end.
  • the acknowledgment mechanism in the wireless communication scheme is not limited to the WLAN, and may be applicable to other implementations between the receiving end and the transmitting end.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the method is specifically performed by a receiving end station in the acknowledgment mechanism, and may include the following steps: Step 210: Receive site receiving A frame sent from one or more transmitting end stations; Step 220: The receiving end station sends an acknowledgement message in the form of multicast or broadcast, and confirms the successfully received frame.
  • This embodiment can be applied to the WLAN system shown in Fig. 1 to implement an acknowledgment mechanism between two or more stations.
  • the same acknowledgement message is sent to each transmitting end station in the form of multicast or broadcast to confirm.
  • the so-called multicast or broadcast form transmission that is, the confirmation message is received by a plurality of sites.
  • a multicast group can be set up, and the stations included in a multicast group can be set according to requirements. For example, multiple sites in a certain geographical coverage can form a multicast group as the sending object of the acknowledgement message.
  • a receiving end station is in a certain sending time, and is relatively large.
  • the frames successfully received by the sender site are uniformly acknowledged.
  • the receiving end station may only successfully receive a frame sent by the sending end station when the determined sending time arrives, and may not even successfully receive a frame, but the technical solution of the embodiment may still be used.
  • the confirmation message is sent to multiple other sites in a broadcast or multicast manner.
  • the technical solution of the present embodiment is to confirm whether only one sender site or the frame sent by multiple sender sites is confirmed according to the actual situation, and the mode of immediately confirming each sender site one by one is received immediately compared with the prior art.
  • the acknowledgment by the multicast or broadcast mode in this embodiment is particularly effective for improving efficiency and reducing overhead.
  • the manner in which the receiving end station sends the acknowledgement message may be determined in multiple ways.
  • a series of time points or time periods of periodicity may be determined according to a fixed period as the transmission time of each unified transmission confirmation message.
  • the periodically determined transmission time can be negotiated or notified to each other when the sites are connected to the network, so that the transmission and reception can be unified.
  • the sending time of the acknowledgment message may be further notified to the other station before the receiving end station sends the acknowledgment message in the form of multicast or broadcast. That is, the receiving end station notifies the sending time of the confirmation message to be sent this time before sending the acknowledgment message.
  • the transmission time may be an absolute time point or an absolute time period, or may be a relative time point or a relative time period. The time period can be used to notify the sending site to listen during this time period, waiting for a confirmation message to be obtained.
  • the relative time point or the relative time period may be to notify the sending end station to receive an acknowledgment message with respect to a time point or time period after a certain time point, for example, after a relative time after receiving the notification.
  • the sending time of this confirmation message can be set more flexibly.
  • the sending time of sending the confirmation message can be one of a plurality of times with a fixed period.
  • the method of periodically confirming may be to obtain the sending time of the current confirmation message from a series of determined sending times.
  • the sending time of sending the confirmation message is a temporarily determined time. It is possible to set a certain transmission time determination policy, which is set according to requirements, for example, by randomly determining a policy, and temporarily determining the transmission time of the confirmation message to be sent to other stations.
  • the sending time of the acknowledgement message may be performed by carrying the sending time in a broadcast frame, a multicast frame, or a unicast frame, and sending the message to other stations.
  • a broadcast frame such as a Beacon frame or a Power Saving Mul t i-Pol l (PSMP) notification frame may be used to notify the transmission time, or a probe response may be used.
  • PSMP Power Saving Mul t i-Pol l
  • a unicast frame such as a frame to notify the transmission time.
  • the unicast frame carrying the sending time carries the indication information that needs to confirm the unicast frame, so that the sending end station can successfully acquire the unicast frame.
  • Unicast frames are acknowledged with an explicit transmission time.
  • the acknowledgement message can be either an independent acknowledgement frame, such as a Multi-Site Data Confirmation (Mut i l-STAs Ack) frame, or an information element carried in other frames, for example, an acknowledgement message can be carried in the beacon frame or Probe response frame.
  • an independent acknowledgement frame such as a Multi-Site Data Confirmation (Mut i l-STAs Ack) frame
  • an information element carried in other frames for example, an acknowledgement message can be carried in the beacon frame or Probe response frame.
  • the single frame sent by each of the multiple stations may be confirmed, or the multiple frames sent by the multiple stations may be confirmed, and the partial frame may be confirmed.
  • the single frame sent by the station and the multiple frames sent by some stations are confirmed.
  • the confirmation message frame structure for completing the above confirmation function can also be set according to actual needs, which will be explained in detail below by way of embodiments.
  • the implementation method of the data acknowledgement at the receiving end provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is specifically an implementation scheme for single frame confirmation.
  • the receiving end station confirms the successfully received frame.
  • One way is that after the transmitting end station sends the data frame, it waits for the receiving end station to feed back the confirmation frame to identify whether it is correctly received.
  • Another form of confirmation is the concept of Transmit Opportunity (TXOP) and Block Acknowledgment Protocol proposed in the 802.11e revision.
  • TXOP refers to the bounded period of the station transmitting a specific communication category frame, which is equivalent to the TXOP that the station can compete to transmit multiple frames at a time.
  • the site obtains the TXOP through competition, and once the TXOP is obtained, the station can transmit data frames, control frames and management frames, and receive response frames.
  • the site that gets the TXOP is called "TXOP ho lder".
  • the block acknowledgment protocol allows a single block (Block Acknowledgment, abbreviated as BA) frame to confirm multiple frames sent by the same sender station in the TXOP, instead of sending an ACK frame for each frame, thereby improving effectiveness.
  • the sender site may include a Quality of Service (QoS) control field in the transmitted data frame, and the confirmation policy domain may be included in the field.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the sending end station can indicate the confirmation form of the receiving end station by confirming the policy.
  • the sending end station may indicate that the receiving end station can perform unified confirmation by setting an indication indicating the multi-site data confirmation in the confirmation policy, or the receiving end station may perform the multi-site unified confirmation by default in the form of broadcast or
  • This embodiment may be based on the foregoing embodiment, and is specifically a frame timing diagram of an implementation method for receiving data acknowledgement provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention in the form of an independent acknowledgement frame.
  • the identifiers of the sender sites can be used to distinguish the sites, or the frame information can be used to directly distinguish the successfully received frames.
  • the successfully received frame is confirmed by means of the sender site identifier.
  • the acknowledgment message carries the site identifier of the sender site corresponding to the successfully received frame.
  • the station identifier of the sending end station corresponding to the successfully received frame is added to the acknowledgment message.
  • the plurality of transmitting end stations can know from the station identifier of the acknowledgment message whether the frame sent by the station is successfully received.
  • the transmitting end stations STA2, STA3, and STA4 respectively transmit a data (DATA) frame to the receiving end station when allocated to the channel, and enter a sleep state when no other data frame is to be transmitted, waiting for the sending time to arrive. Wake up before or before arrival to receive a confirmation message. If the receiving end station successfully receives the data frames sent by the stations STA2, STA3, and STA4, the station identifiers of the stations STA2, STA3, and STA4 are carried in the acknowledgment message, and are broadcast or multicast to each station at the determined sending time. Send a Multi-Site Data Confirmation (Mutil-STAs Ack) frame.
  • Mutil-STAs Ack Multi-Site Data Confirmation
  • a preferred format of the multi-site data acknowledgement frame is as shown in FIG. 4A, and includes multiple fields as follows: Frame Control, Duration, Destination Address (RA), Transmitter Site Address (TA), Length ( Length), site data information (STA data info) and demodulation check (FCS).
  • Frame Control Duration
  • RA Destination Address
  • TA Transmitter Site Address
  • Length Length
  • STA data info site data information
  • FCS demodulation check
  • the number of preferred bytes (Octets) for each field is shown in Figure 4A.
  • the "Frame Control” field may in turn contain multiple subfields for indicating the corresponding information of the frame; the “Duration” field is used for Indicates the duration; the "RA” field is used to indicate the receiver address of the frame, such as the destination broadcast address or the destination multicast address; the "TA” field is used to indicate the address of the sender of the frame; the “Length” field is used to indicate the word field.
  • the data of a corresponding STA is confirmed; the "FCS” field is used for demodulation check.
  • the site ID of each sender site can be added to each "STA data info" field.
  • the "Length” field is set to 4 (indicating the number of bytes after “Length”, including FCS) or 0 (indicating the number of bytes after "Length", excluding FCS ), that is, the number of frames successfully received by the receiving end station is 0.
  • the subfield of the frame control field is as shown in FIG. 4B, where the type and subtype fields are used to indicate the specific type of the frame, and for the ACK frame and the BA frame, both are control frames, so the corresponding type field can be set to "01".
  • the subtype distinguishes the specific type of the frame type indicated by the type field.
  • the subtype corresponding to the ACK is set to "1101", and the multi-site data acknowledgment (Multi-STAs ACK) involved in the embodiment of the present invention is used.
  • the frame can be recorded as a subclass of the control frame, and further one of the states of the reserved state (0000-0110) in the subtype is used to indicate such a frame.
  • the site identifier carried in the confirmation message "STA data info" is an identifier that enables the sender site to identify itself, for example, the association identifier (AID) of the site, as shown in FIG. Or the site is identified as the Media Access Control Layer (MAC) address, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the site identifier can identify the site globally, or at least identify the site in the confirmed multicast group.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a frame timing of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment may be based on the foregoing embodiment, and differs from the second embodiment in that an acknowledgment message is carried by another frame, specifically, the acknowledgment message is carried as a message element thereof, and is carried in the beacon frame for transmission.
  • the frame format of the information element carrying the acknowledgment message can be as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the acknowledgment message is distinguished by an element identifier (Element ID), and the specific field setting of the acknowledgment message can confirm the frame successfully received from the multi-site. For example, the contents of the "Length" field and the "STA data info" field shown in FIG. 4A may be included.
  • the transmitting end stations STA2, STA3, and STA4 respectively transmit a data (DATA) frame to the receiving end station when allocated to the channel, and enter a sleep state when no other data frame is to be transmitted, waiting for the transmission time to arrive. Wake up to receive a confirmation message before or before arrival.
  • the receiving end station successfully receives the data frames sent by the stations STA2, STA3, and STA4, and then the stations STA2, STA3, and STA4
  • the site identifier is carried in the multi-site data acknowledgement information element, and then the multi-site data acknowledgement information element is carried in the beacon frame and transmitted to each site in broadcast or multicast form at the time of transmission.
  • the method for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention may be exemplified by the foregoing embodiments, and specifically, a technical solution for confirming data of one or more frames sent by the sending end station, in the solution. Yes, all the sending sites send multiple frames, or some sending sites send one frame, and some sending sites send multiple frames. For the above various situations, the receiving end station can use the technical solution of the embodiment to confirm.
  • the Block Acknowledgment protocol has been introduced in the 802. lie protocol revision.
  • the Block Acknowledgment Protocol allows the use of a Block Acknowledgment (BA) frame to acknowledge a single block of data transmitted by the same sender station.
  • BA Block Acknowledgment
  • the technical solution of the embodiment is improved based on the existing block acknowledgment protocol.
  • acknowledging the multi-site one or more frames sent by the same sender station can be simultaneously confirmed.
  • This embodiment preferably identifies a plurality of frames with frame information.
  • the acknowledgment message carries frame information from multiple sender sites that are successfully received, and the frame information includes frame information corresponding to one or more frames of the same sender site.
  • the receiving end station adds the frame information corresponding to one or more frames from the same transmitting end station that is successfully received in the acknowledgment message.
  • Frame information from the same sender site can be set corresponding to the site identifier.
  • the data structure shown in FIG. 9 can be used to set the "STA da ta info” field, including the station identification (AID), the starting sequence number (Star ting Sequence Number), and the ACK bitmap (ACK). Bitmap), wherein the "Star t ing Sequence Number” field is used to indicate the starting sequence number of the confirmed frame, and generally the serial number corresponding to each data frame is carried by the transmitting end station in the data frame; "ACK Bi The tmap” field is used to characterize whether a frame starting with the "Star t ing Sequence Number" is successfully received.
  • the frame information corresponding to one or more frames from the same transmitting end station that is successfully received is not limited to the above form, and may be the frame serial number carried in the successfully received frame and/or Or indirectly indicating other information of the serial number carried in the successfully received frame.
  • it may be the frame serial number of each successfully received frame, or may be other energy Unique information that characterizes that the frame was successfully received.
  • the preferred form of the "STA da ta info" field given in the above embodiment is as shown in FIGS. 5, 6 and 9, but those skilled in the art can understand that the actual confirmation message is not limited to the above information form, as long as it can indicate The frame of the sending end station can be successfully received.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a frame timing of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • This embodiment is specifically a technical solution for acknowledging a multi-sender site in the PSMP technology.
  • PSMP is a scheduling technique introduced in the 802.ln protocol to optimize channel access.
  • PSMP optimizes energy consumption by providing downlink and uplink scheduling at the beginning of PSMP.
  • Such a station does not need to perform channel clearing detection (CCA), so that the receiver can be turned off when it is not needed in the downlink phase and transmitted at the scheduled time in the uplink phase.
  • CCA channel clearing detection
  • the PSMP sequence only the following frame types can be exchanged between sites: PSMP management frame; Qos data frame; Mul t i_TID BAR; BAR; Mul t i-TID BA; BA; MPDU that does not require immediate response.
  • the station STA1 first transmits an energy-saving multi-information notification frame for scheduling, and then, the stations STA2, STA3, and STA4 transmit a frame (PSMP-UTT) to the STA1 in the allocated channel, when no other frame needs to be sent to the STA1. , then enters a sleep state, and wakes up until the transmission time arrives or arrives before receiving the confirmation frame (Mut i l-STAs Ack ).
  • PSMP-UTT a frame
  • the STA1 as the receiving end can carry the transmission time in the energy-saving multi-information notification frame to notify each transmitting station.
  • the receiving end station does not use the ACK to confirm the successfully received single frame, so the reliability is poor.
  • the technical solution of the multi-site unified confirmation in the form of multicast or broadcast is adopted in the PSMP technology. Compared with the prior art, the reliability of the frame transmission is improved, and the retransmission operation can be performed when the sending end station does not receive the acknowledgement message.
  • the receiving end station pair is also reduced. The system overhead is confirmed by each site one by one.
  • the method for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end provided by the embodiments of the present invention can perform frame reception confirmation on multiple sites at a time, thereby saving system overhead.
  • the confirmation method is applied to the PSMP technology, the transmission efficiency of the PSMP can be improved.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for implementing data acknowledgement at a transmitting end according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. This embodiment may be implemented by using a method for confirming data at a receiving end provided by the present invention, and is specifically executed by a transmitting end station. Including the following steps:
  • Step 11 The sending end station receives the acknowledgement message sent by the receiving end station in broadcast or multicast form
  • Step 120 The sending end station confirms, according to the acknowledgement message, whether the frame sent by the local station is successfully received.
  • the transmitting end station when the transmitting end station confirms that the frame sent by the local station is not successfully received according to the acknowledgement message, the frame that is not successfully received may be retransmitted.
  • the transmitting end station receives the acknowledgement message sent in the form of broadcast or multicast, and thus the receiving end station has the capability of simultaneously notifying the plurality of stations, and can effectively reduce the system overhead when the multi-site frame needs to be confirmed.
  • the operation of confirming whether the frame sent by the local station is successfully received according to the acknowledgement message may specifically include: the acknowledgement message carrying the sender site corresponding to the frame successfully received by the receiving end station
  • the site identifier the sender site confirms whether the frame sent by the site is successfully received according to the site identifier.
  • the identifier of the site may be an identifier of the sender site, such as an association identifier of the sender site or a media access control layer address.
  • the sender site can identify and match multiple site identifiers carried in the confirmation message.
  • the match gets the same site identifier as the site, it is regarded as sent by the site. The frame has been successfully received.
  • the operation of confirming whether the frame sent by the local station is successfully received according to the acknowledgement message may also be performed according to the frame information, where the acknowledgement message carries a frame corresponding to one or more frames successfully received by the receiving end station.
  • Information where frame information from the same sender site can be set corresponding to the site identifier.
  • the transmitting end station may specifically confirm, according to the frame information, whether one or more frames sent by the local station are successfully received.
  • the technical solution confirmed based on the frame information may be applied to the case of confirming a single frame transmitted by the transmitting end station, or may be applicable to the case where the same transmitting end station performs at least two frames based on the block acknowledgment protocol.
  • the frame information includes a frame sequence number and/or an indirect indication of a frame successfully received by the receiving end station. Other information of the serial number of the successfully received frame.
  • the method for implementing data acknowledgement at the sender end according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention may be based on the foregoing embodiment, and specifically, before the acknowledgement message sent by the sender site to the receiving end station in broadcast or multicast form, the method further includes: acquiring and receiving The sending time of the acknowledgment message notified by the end station in the form of broadcast, multicast or unicast, so as to acquire the acknowledgment message at the sending time.
  • the sending time is an absolute time point or an absolute time period, or is a relative time point or a relative time period
  • the transmitting end station before receiving the acknowledgement message sent by the receiving end station in broadcast or multicast form, the transmitting end station first sends one or more frames, then enters a sleep state, and arrives at The acknowledgment message is sent or waking up before.
  • the sender site can save power by sleeping after sending the frame.
  • the determination of the sending time may be determined by the station when the network connection is established, or may be preferably notified by the receiving end station to the sending end station before each confirmation.
  • the transmission time may be one of a plurality of times having a fixed period, or a time determined temporarily.
  • the method for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end and the transmitting end provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be indicated by an acknowledgement policy.
  • the data frame will contain the Quality of Service (QoS) control field, in which the acknowledgment policy field can be included.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the sending end station Before receiving the acknowledgment message sent by the receiving end station in broadcast or multicast form, the sending end station first sends one or more frames, and the acknowledgment policy that can be carried in the frame is multi-site data acknowledgment. This allows the receiving site to perform a unified acknowledgment strategy. According to the acknowledgment policy carried in the frame, the receiving end station can also use the existing immediate acknowledgment policy in combination with the multi-site unified acknowledgment policy provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at a receiving end according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end includes: a frame receiving module 121 and a frame confirming module 122, where the frame receiving module 121 is configured to receive A frame transmitted from one or more transmitting end stations; the frame confirming module 122 is configured to send an acknowledgement message in the form of multicast or broadcast to confirm the successfully received frame.
  • the apparatus for implementing data acknowledgement at the receiving end may further include: a time notification module 123, configured to notify other stations of the sending time of the acknowledgement message, where the sending time is an absolute time point or Absolute time period, or relative time point or relative time period.
  • the implementation device for the data confirmation of the receiving end provided in this embodiment may be integrated into each station, and the implementation method for confirming the data of the receiving end provided by any embodiment of the present invention is provided, and the corresponding functional module is provided.
  • the acknowledgement overhead of the receiving site can be effectively reduced, and the transmission efficiency is improved.
  • the device for implementing data acknowledgement of the sender includes: a message receiving module 1 31 and a receiving confirmation module 1 32, wherein the message receiving module 1 31 is configured to receive an acknowledgement message sent by the receiving end station in broadcast or multicast form.
  • the receiving confirmation module 1 32 is configured to confirm, according to the confirmation message, whether the frame sent by the local station is successfully received.
  • the implementation device of the data acknowledgement of the sender may further include a data retransmission module 1 36, configured to resend after the frame sent by the local station is not successfully received according to the acknowledgement message. A frame that was not successfully received.
  • the implementation device for confirming the data of the transmitting end provided in this embodiment may be integrated into each station, and the implementation method for confirming the data of the transmitting end provided by any embodiment of the present invention is provided, and the corresponding functional module is provided.
  • the acknowledgment message for the unified confirmation of the multi-site frame sent by the receiving end in the form of multicast or broadcast can effectively reduce the acknowledgement overhead of the receiving site and improve the transmission efficiency.
  • the implementation device of the data acknowledgement of the sender may further include a sending time obtaining module 1 33, configured to acquire a sending time of the acknowledgement message notified by the receiving end station in the form of broadcast, multicast or unicast, so as to Obtaining the acknowledgement message at the sending time, where the sending time is an absolute time point or an absolute time period, or a relative time point or a relative time period.
  • a sending time obtaining module 1 33 configured to acquire a sending time of the acknowledgement message notified by the receiving end station in the form of broadcast, multicast or unicast, so as to Obtaining the acknowledgement message at the sending time, where the sending time is an absolute time point or an absolute time period, or a relative time point or a relative time period.
  • the implementation device further includes: a sleep wake-up module 1 34, configured to send one or more frames, then enter a sleep state, and wake up before or before the sending time of the acknowledgement message is reached.
  • the sending time of the acknowledgment message is obtained based on the notification mechanism, so that the transmitting station can enter a sleep state to save power while waiting for the acknowledgment message.
  • the foregoing apparatus may further include: a policy indication module 1 35, configured to send one or more frames, where the acknowledgement policy carried in the frame is multi-site data acknowledgement.
  • a confirmation strategy To indicate the confirmation form of the receiving end station, the receiving end station can flexibly combine various confirmation means.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention effectively solves the problem that the data of one site is confirmed at a time in the single frame confirmation or the block determination mode in the prior art, which results in low recognition efficiency and large system overhead.
  • PSMP for non-aggregated data, the uploaded data is also confirmed to be successfully received, which improves the efficiency of PSMP.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置。该实现方法包括：接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧；以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息，对成功接收到的帧进行确认。本发明通过接收端站点以组播或广播形式发送确认消息，实现了对多站点进行统一确认，为减少接收端站点确认开销提供了可能，且在同时确认多个发送端站点时，提高效率、减少开销的效果尤为明显。

Description

说 明 书
接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置
本申请要求于 2011年 11月 4日提交中国专利局、 申请号为
201110345884.0、 发明名称为 "接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法 及装置" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申 请中。 技术领域 本发明涉及无线通信技术， 尤其涉及一种接收端和发送端数据确认的实 现方法及装置。 背景技术 无线局域网 （Wireless Local Area Net, 简称 WLAN ) 是一种遵循国 际电气和电子工程师协会 ( Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,简称 IEEE )802.11协议、以电磁波作为传输媒质的网络系统。
WLAN 网络系统的基本架构包括多个站点 （Station, 简称 STA ) , 基 于电磁波实现各个站点之间的无线通信。各个站点之间物理层的通信都基 于媒体接入控制 （Media Access Control, 简称 MAC ) 层协议来实现。 由 于站点之间的通信要分时共享同一信道， 即在同一时刻， 只能有一个站点 使用信道， 所以 MAC层协议需要釆用一定的机制为站点分配信道， 例如调 度机制、 竟争机制等， 从而实现站点对信道的时分复用。
由于在无线媒体上的传输容易发生错误， 所以现有技术引入了低延迟、 链路级别的重发机制。重发机制允许那些没有被接收端站点正确解调的帧 由发送端站点重新发送。 为确定接收端站点是否正确接收到帧， 现有技术 还引入了确认机制， 即当接收端站点正确接收到发送给自身的帧时， 就以 发送一确认帧 （Acknowledgment, 简称 ACK ) 的形式发送一个及时的、 肯 定的确认。当发送端站点没有收到 ACK帧，则其假定该帧未被正确接收到， 可以重发该帧。 然而， 在实现本发明的研究过程中， 发明人发现现有确认机制仍然存 在效率低、 系统开销大的问题。 并且， 提高效率、 减少开销也是目前发展 无线通信过程中不断追求的目标之一。 发明内容 本发明实施例提供了一种接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置， 以提高确认机制的效率， 降低系统开销。
本发明实施例提供了一种接收端数据确认的实现方法， 包括：
接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧；
以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收到的帧进行确认。
本发明实施例还提供了一种发送端数据确认的实现方法， 包括： 接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息；
根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收。
本发明实施例还提供了一种接收端数据确认的实现装置， 包括： 帧接收模块， 用于接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧；
帧确认模块， 用于以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收到的 帧进行确认。
本发明实施例又提供了一种发送端数据确认的实现装置， 包括： 消息接收模块，用于接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息； 接收确认模块， 用于根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功 接收。
本发明实施例的接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装置， 通过以组 播或广播形式发送确认消息， 实现了对多站点进行统一确认， 无论是根据实 际情况仅确认一个发送端站点还是同时确认多个发送端站点发送的帧， 相比 于现有技术对每个发送端站点逐一确认的方式， 本发明实施例的技术方案都 为减少接收端站点确认开销提供了可能， 且在同时确认多个发送端站点时， 提高效率、 减少开销的效果尤为明显。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实 施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下 面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在 不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为适用于本发明实施例的 WLAN系统的网络架构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例一提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的流程图； 图 3为本发明实施例二提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序示意 图；
图 4A为本发明实施例二中所使用确认帧的帧格式示意图；
图 4B为图 4A确认帧中帧控制字段的格式示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例二确认帧中的站点关联标识的帧格式示意图； 图 6为本发明实施例二确认帧中的站点 MAC地址的帧格式示意图； 图 7为本发明实施例三提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序示 意图；
图 8为本发明实施例三中所使用确认帧的帧格式示意图；
图 9为本发明实施例三确认帧中的站点标识的帧格式示意图； 图 1 0 为本发明实施例五提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序 示意图；
图 1 1为本发明实施例六提供的发送端数据确认的实现方法的流程图； 图 1 2 为本发明实施例八提供的接收端数据确认的实现装置的结构示 意图； 意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合本发 明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于 本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获 得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例分别提供了接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法及装 置， 其技术方案典型地适用于 WLAN网络系统。 图 1为适用于本发明实施 例的 WLAN系统的网络架构示意图， 如图 1所示， WLAN系统典型地由多个 STA组成，其中，处于某一特定覆盖区域之内， 并具有某种关联的多个 STA 可形成 WLAN的基本组成部分， 即基本服务集 （ Basic Service Set, 简称 BSS ) 。 按照组织形式， BSS 可分为多种。 最基本的关联形式是多个 STA 在一个自组网络中相互直接通信， 这被称为独立的基本服务集 ( Independent BSS, 简称 IBSS ) , 如图 1中的 BSS1。 多个 STA通过一个 专职管理 BSS 的接入点 （Access Point, 简称 AP )相关联时， 则建立在 AP周边的 BSS称为带基础设施的 BSS,其中的 AP实际上即为一个中央 STA, AP与其他 STA的 MAC层通信方式与 STA之间的通信实质上相同。 带基础 设施的 BSS可以由各自的 AP通过分布式系统 （Distributed System, 简 称 DS )相互连接， 构成一个扩展的 BSS ( Extend BSS, 简称 ESS ) , 如图 1中的 BSS2和 BSS3。
本发明实施例的技术方案典型地适用于 WLAN 网络系统中任意站点之间 的 MAC层通信， 当然， 本发明实施例并不限于 WLAN, 还可以适用于其他在接 收端和发送端之间需执行确认机制的无线通信方案中。
实施例一
图 2为本发明实施例一提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的流程图， 本 实施例具体为确认机制中由接收端站点所执行的方法， 可包括如下步骤： 步骤 210、 接收端站点接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧； 步骤 220、 接收端站点以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收 到的帧进行确认。
本实施例可应用于图 1所示的 WLAN系统中，实现两个或两个以上站点之 间的确认机制。 当其中任意一个站点作为接收端站点时， 其在成功接收到一 个或多个发送端站点发送的帧之后， 统一向各发送端站点以组播或广播的形 式发送同一确认消息进行确认。 所谓组播或广播的形式发送， 即该确认消息 的接收对象为多个站点。 可以设置一组播组， 包括在一个组播组中的站点可 根据需求设置，例如，在某一地域覆盖范围内的多个站点可组成一个组播组， 作为确认消息的发送对象。
釆用本实施例的技术方案， 一个接收端站点在确定的发送时间， 对从多 个发送端站点成功接收到的帧进行统一确认。 虽然实际应用中， 可能接收端 站点在确定的发送时间到来时， 仅成功接收到一个发送端站点发送的帧， 甚 至可能没有成功接收到一个帧， 但仍然可釆用本实施例的技术方案， 以广播 或组播的方式将确认消息向多个其他站点进行发送。
无论是根据实际情况仅确认一个发送端站点还是会同时确认多个发送端 站点发送的帧， 相比于现有技术立即接收立即对每个发送端站点逐一确认的 方式， 本实施例的技术方案都为减少接收端站点确认开销提供了可能， 且在 同时对多个发送端站点进行确认时， 本实施例以组播或广播方式进行确认对 提高效率、 减少开销的作用尤为明显。
在上述实施例的技术方案中， 接收端站点发送确认消息的发送时间的确 定方式可以有多种。
例如， 可以按照固定周期确定周期性的一系列时间点或时间段作为每次 统一发送确认消息的发送时间。 周期性确定的发送时间可以在各站点入网连 接时即相互协商或告知， 以便可以统一收发。
或者， 可以在接收端站点以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息之前， 进一 步向其他站点通知确认消息的发送时间。 即接收端站点在每次发送确认消息 之前， 通知本次将要发送确认消息的发送时间。 该发送时间可以为绝对时间 点或绝对时间段， 或者也可以为相对时间点或相对时间段。 时间段可以用于 通知发送端站点在该时间段内监听， 以等待获取确认消息。 相对时间点或相 对时间段， 则可以是通知发送端站点相对于某一时点之后的一个时间点或时 间段来接收确认消息， 例如在接收到该通知之后的一段相对时间之后接收。
在釆用上述通知发送时间的机制之下， 本次确认消息的发送时间可以更 为灵活地设置。
其中一种方式为： 发送本次确认消息的发送时间可以为具有固定周期的 多个时间中的一个。 釆用周期性确认的方式， 可以是从一系列已确定的发送 时间中获取本次确认消息的发送时间。
或者， 另一种方式为： 发送本次确认消息的发送时间为临时确定的一个 时间。 可以设定某种发送时间确定策略， 按照需求设定， 例如以随机确定策 略， 临时性随机确定将要发送确认消息的发送时间， 通知给其他站点。
在釆用发送时间通知机制的基础上， 接收端站点向其他站点通知所述确 认消息的发送时间的方式可以是将所述发送时间携带在广播帧、 组播帧或单 播帧中， 向其他站点发送。 实际应用中， 可以釆用信标（Beacon ) 帧或节能 多询 ( Power Saving Mul t i-Pol l , 简称 PSMP )通知帧等广播帧来通知发送 时间， 或者， 还可以釆用探测响应 （Probe response ) 帧等单播帧来通知发 送时间。
当接收端站点以单播帧形式通知发送时间时， 优选是携带发送时间的单 播帧中携带有需要对所述单播帧进行确认的指示信息， 以便使得发送端站点 能够对是否成功获取该单播帧以明确发送时间进行确认。
对于上述技术方案中确认消息的承载形式， 也可以有多种。 确认消息既 可以为独立的确认帧， 如多站点数据确认（Mut i l-STAs Ack ) 帧， 或还可以 为携带在其他帧中的信息元素， 例如， 可以将确认消息携带在信标帧或探测 响应帧中。
接收端站点对多站点发送的帧统一进行确认的具体实现方式中， 既可以 对多站点各自所发的单帧进行确认， 也可以对多站点各自所发的多帧进行确 认， 还可以对部分站点发送的单帧和部分站点发送的多帧进行确认。 完成上 述确认功能的确认消息帧结构也可以根据实际需求进行设置， 下面将通过实 施例详细解释说明。
实施例二
本发明实施例二提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法具体为对单帧确认的 实施方案。
接收端站点对成功接收到的帧进行确认的形式， 一种为发送端站点每次 发送完数据帧之后，即等待接收端站点反馈确认帧，以便识别是否正确接收。 另一种确认形式， 是在 802. 11e 修订中提出的传输机会 （ Transmi t Oppor tuni ty, 简称 TXOP )和块确认协议 ( Block Acknowledgment protocol ) 的概念。 TXOP是指站点传输特定通信类别帧的有界时段， 相当于站点可以一 次性竟争得到传输多个帧的 TXOP。站点通过竟争获得 TXOP ,—旦获得了 TXOP, 站点可以传输数据帧、控制帧与管理帧以及接收响应帧。 获得 TXOP的站点被 称为 "TXOP ho lder "。 对应的， 块确认协议则允许使用单个块确 （Block Acknowledgment , 简称 BA ) 帧来确认同一发送端站点在 TXOP 内发送的多个 帧， 而不是对每一个帧都发送一个 ACK帧， 从而提高了效率。 发送端站点可以在所发送数据帧中包含服务质量 （ Quality of Service, 简称 QoS) 控制字段， 在该字段中可包含确认策略域。 其中可 以如下几种确认策略： 策略 1: 正常确认或隐式块确认请求； 策略 2: 不 确认； 策略 3: 非显式确认或在节能多询机制下的调度确认； 策略 4: 块 确认或多站点数据确认。发送端站点可通过确认策略来指示接收端站点的 确认形式。发送端站点可以通过在确认策略中设置表明多站点数据确认的 指示， 以指示接收端站点可进行统一确认， 或接收端站点可基于其他策略 默认釆用广播或组播形式进行多站点统一确认。
本实施例可以以上述实施例为基础， 且具体为釆用独立确认帧的形式承 发明实施例二提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序示意图。
在确认消息中体现成功接收到各个发送端站点所发送帧的方式可以有多 种， 例如以发送端站点的标识来区分各站点， 或以帧信息来直接区分成功接 收到的帧。
在本实施例中，釆用发送端站点标识的方式对成功接收到的帧进行确认。 具体是确认消息中携带有成功接收到的帧对应的发送端站点的站点标识。 实 际操作时可以在接收端站点以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息之前， 在确认 消息中添加成功接收到的帧对应的发送端站点的站点标识。 从而使得多个发 送端站点能够从确认消息的站点标识中获知本站发送的帧是否被成功接收。
如图 3所示， 发送端站点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4分别在分配到信道时向接 收端站点发送一数据（DATA) 帧， 并在无其他数据帧要发送时即进入睡眠状 态， 等待发送时间到达时或到达之前再唤醒， 来接收确认消息。 若接收端站 点成功接收到站点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4发送的数据帧， 则将站点 STA2、 STA3 和 STA4的站点标识携带在确认消息中，在确定的发送时间以广播或组播的形 式向各站点发送多站点数据确认（Mutil-STAs Ack) 帧。
多站点数据确认帧的一种优选格式如图 4A所示， 包括如下多个字段： 帧 控制 (Frame Control ) 、 时长 (Duration) 、 目标地址（ RA ) 、 发送端站点 地址（TA) 、 长度（Length) 、 站点数据信息 （ STA data info )和解调校 验（FCS )。各字段的优选字节（Octets )数如图 4A所示。其中， "Frame Control" 字段又可包含多个子字段， 用于指示帧的相应信息； "Duration" 字段用于 指示时长； "RA" 字段用于指示帧的接收端地址， 如目标广播地址或目标组播 地址； "TA "字段用于指示帧的发送端的地址； "Length" 字段用于指示该字 字段用于对一个相应 STA的数据进行确认； "FCS" 字段用于解调校验。 各发 送端站点的站点标识即可添加在各 "STA data info" 字段中。 当多站点数据 帧中不包含任何确认消息时， "Length" 字段设置为 4 (指示 "Length" 之 后的字节数， 包括 FCS)或者 0(指示 "Length"之后的字节数，不包括 FCS), 即接收端站点成功接收到帧个数为 0。 帧控制字段的子字段如图 4B所示， 其 中， 类型和子类型字段用于指示帧的具体类型， 对于 ACK帧和 BA帧， 其都是 控制帧， 所以对应的类型字段可设置为 "01", 子类型则区分是类型字段指示 的帧类型中具体哪一类型的帧， 例如， ACK对应的子类型设置为 "1101", 本 发明实施例所涉及的多站点数据确认（Multi-STAs ACK) 帧即可记作控制帧 中的一个子类， 进一步利用子类型中的保留状态（ 0000-0110 )中的某一个状 态来指示这类帧。
携带在确认消息 "STA data info" 中的站点标识是能够让发送端站点识 别自身的标识， 例如可以为站点的关联标识（AID) , 如图 5所示。 或站点标 识为媒体接入控制层（MAC)地址， 如图 6所示。 站点标识能够全局唯一标识 站点 , 或至少在确认的组播组中唯一标识站点即可。
实施例三
图 7为本发明实施例三提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序示意 图。 本实施例可以以上述实施例为基础， 且与实施例二区别在于釆用其他帧 承载确认消息，具体是确认消息作为其信息元素，携带在信标帧中进行发送。 携带确认消息的信息元素的帧格式可以如图 8 所示， 确认消息以元素标识 (Element ID) 来区分， 确认消息的具体字段设置能够实现对从多站点成功 接收到的帧进行确认即可，例如可以包括图 4A所示 "Length"字段、 "STA data info" 字段的内容。
如图 7所示， 发送端站点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4分别在分配到信道时向接 收端站点发送一数据（DATA) 帧， 并在无其他数据帧要发送时即进入睡眠状 态， 等待发送时间到达时或到达之前再唤醒来接收确认消息。 接收端站点成 功接收站点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4发送的数据帧， 则将站点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4 的站点标识携带在多站点数据确认信息元素中， 而后该多站点数据确认信息 元素被携带在信标帧中， 在发送时间以广播或组播的形式向各站点发送。
实施例四
本发明实施例四提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 可以上述各实施例 为例， 且具体为一次对发送端站点所发送的一个或多个帧的数据进行确认的 技术方案， 该方案中， 可以是所有发送端站点均发送多个帧， 也可以是部分 发送端站点发送一个帧， 部分发送端站点发送多个帧。 对于上述各种情况， 接收端站点均可以釆用本实施例的技术方案进行确认。
已有 802. l ie 协议修订中引入了块确认协议（Block Acknowledgment protocol )。 块确认协议允许使用单个块确 ( Block Acknowledgment , 简称 BA ) 帧来确认同一发送端站点发送的一整块数据帧。
本实施例的技术方案基于已有块确认协议进行了改进， 在对多站点进行 确认时， 能够对同一发送端站点发送的一帧或多帧同时进行确认。 本实施例 优选以帧信息来标识多个帧。 具体是确认消息中携带有成功接收到的来自多 个发送端站点的帧信息， 所述帧信息包含同一发送端站点的一个或多个帧对 应的帧信息。 实际操作中可以在以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息之前， 接 收端站点在确认消息中添加成功接收到的来自同一发送端站点的一个或多个 帧对应的帧信息。 来自同一发送端站点的帧信息可以与站点标识对应设置。 当然， 本领域技术人员可以理解， 上述技术方案确认消息携带一个帧的帧信 息时， 则同样适用于以帧信息对单帧进行的确认。
在本实施例中， 可釆用图 9所示的数据结构来设置 "STA da ta info " 字段， 包括站点标识 （AID )、 起始序列号 （Star t ing Sequence Number )和 ACK 位图 ( ACK Bi tmap ), 其中， "Star t ing Sequence Number" 字段用于指 示确认的帧的起始序列号， 其通常每个数据帧对应的序列号由发送端站点携 带在数据帧中发送； "ACK Bi tmap"字段用于对从 "Star t ing Sequence Number" 开始的帧是否成功接收进行表征。
当然， 本各领域技术人员可以理解， 成功接收到的来自同一发送端站点 的一个或多个帧对应的帧信息并不限于上述形式， 可以是成功接收到的帧中 携带的帧序列号和 /或间接指示所述成功接收到的帧中携带的序列号的其他 信息。 例如， 可以是各个成功接收到的帧各自的帧序列号， 还可以是其他能 唯一表征帧被成功接收的信息。 上述实施例中所给出的 "STA da ta info" 字 段优选形式如图 5、 6和 9所示， 但本领域技术人员可以理解， 实际的确认消 息中并不限于上述信息形式，只要能够表明对发送端站点的帧成功接收即可。
实施例五
图 10 为本发明实施例五提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法的帧时序示 意图，本实施例具体为在 PSMP技术中釆用本发明统一对多发送端站点进行确 认的技术方案。
PSMP是 802. l ln协议中引入的一种调度技术， 用于优化信道接入。 PSMP 通过在 PSMP开始阶段提供下行链路与上行链路调度来实现对能耗的优化。这 样站点不需要进行信道清空检测技术（C lear Channe l As ses sment ,简称 CCA ) , 就可以在下行链路阶段不需要时关闭接收机， 而在上行链路阶段中被调度的 时间上发送。 在 PSMP序列中， 站点间只能交换以下帧类型： PSMP管理帧； Qos 数据帧； Mul t i_TID BAR; BAR; Mul t i-TID BA; BA; 不需要立即响应的 MPDU。
如图 10所示， 站点 STA1首先发送节能多询通知帧进行调度， 随后， 站 点 STA2、 STA3和 STA4在分配的信道中向 STA1发送帧（ PSMP-UTT ) , 当无其 他帧需要发送给 STA1时， 则进入睡眠状态， 直到发送时间到达时或到达之前 才唤醒， 以接收确认帧 （Mut i l-STAs Ack ) 。 在 PSMP技术中， 作为接收端的 站点 STA1可以在节能多询通知帧中携带发送时间来通知各发送端站点。
已有 PSMP技术中 ,接收端站点不会使用 ACK对成功接收到的单个帧进行 确认， 所以可靠性差， 本实施例在 PSMP技术中釆用组播或广播形式对多站点 统一确认的技术方案， 相比于已有技术提高了帧传输的可靠性， 在发送端站 点未收到确认消息时可执行重传操作， 另一方面， 本实施例由于多站点统一 确认， 还减少了接收端站点对各站点逐一确认的系统开销。
本发明各实施例所提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 可以一次对多个 站点进行帧接收确认， 节省了系统开销， 将此确认方法应用于 PSMP技术时， 还可提升 PSMP的传输效率。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 确认消息的承载方法、 站点标识和帧信息的 格式、 发送时间的通知方式等均不限于上述形式， 还可以根据需要进行其他 设置， 各实现方式也可以任意结合使用。 实施例六
图 11为本发明实施例六提供的发送端数据确认的实现方法的流程图，本 实施例可以配合本发明所提供的接收端数据确认方法来实行， 且具体由发送 端站点来执行， 该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤 11 0、 发送端站点接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消 息；
步骤 120、 发送端站点根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成 功接收。
进一步地， 当发送端站点根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧未被成 功接收后， 可以重新发送未被成功接收的帧。
在本实施例中， 发送端站点接收以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息， 因 而接收端站点具备同时通知多个站点的能力， 能够在需要对多站点的帧进行 确认时有效减少系统开销。
在上述技术方案的基础上， 根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否 被成功接收的操作可以具体包括： 所述确认消息中携带有接收端站点成功接 收到的帧对应的发送端站点的站点标识， 发送端站点根据所述站点标识确认 本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收。 该站点标识可以为发送端站点的关联标识 或媒体接入控制层地址等唯一区别发送端站点的标识。
根据站点标识进行确认的操作方式中， 发送端站点可以对携带在确认消 息中的多个站点标识进行识别匹配， 当匹配得到与本站点相同的站点标识时， 则视为本站点发送的帧已被成功接收。
或者， 根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收的操作还 可以根据帧信息来执行， 所述确认消息中携带有接收端站点成功接收到的一 个或多个帧对应的帧信息， 其中， 来自同一发送端站点的帧信息可以与站点 标识对应设置。 则发送端站点具体可以根据所述帧信息确认本站点发送的一 个或多个帧是否被成功接收。
根据帧信息确认的技术方案既可以适用于对发送端站点所发送的单帧进 行确认的情况， 也可以适用于基于块确认协议执行的同一发送端站点发送至 少两个帧的情况。本领域技术人员可以理解，帧信息的具体形式可以有多种， 例如，所述帧信息包含接收端站点成功接收到的帧的帧序列号和 /或间接指示 所述成功接收到的帧的序列号的其他信息。
实施例七
本发明实施例七提供的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 可以以上述实施例 为基础， 具体是发送端站点在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认 消息之前， 还包括： 获取接收端站点以广播、 组播或单播的形式通知的确认 消息的发送时间， 以便在所述发送时间获取所述确认消息。 其中， 该发送时 间为绝对时间点或绝对时间段， 或者为相对时间点或相对时间段
可参见前述图 3、 图 7和图 9所示， 在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形 式发送的确认消息之前， 发送端站点首先发送一个或多个帧， 之后进入睡眠 状态， 并在到达所述确认消息的发送时间或之前唤醒。 发送端站点在发送完 帧之后进行睡眠可实现省电的目的。 发送时间的确定可以是站点在入网连接 时协商确定的， 也可以优选是在每次进行确认前， 由接收端站点临时通知发 送端站点的。 发送时间可以是具有固定周期的多个时间中的一个， 或者是临 时确定的一个时间。
本发明实施例所提供的接收端和发送端数据确认的实现方法，可以通 过确认策略来指示。 数据帧中会包含服务质量 （Qua l i ty of Serv i ce , 简 称 QoS )控制字段，在该字段中可包含确认策略域。有如下几种确认策略： 策略 1 : 正常确认或隐式块确认请求； 策略 2 : 不确认； 策略 3: 非显式 确认或在节能多询机制下的调度确认；策略 4 :块确认或多站点数据确认。
发送端站点在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息之前， 首先发送一个或多个帧， 可以在帧中携带的确认策略为多站点数据确认。 从 而允许接收端站点可执行统一确认的策略。 根据帧中携带的确认策略， 接收 端站点也可以将已有的立即确认策略和本发明实施例提供的多站点统一确认 策略结合使用。
实施例八
图 12 为本发明实施例八提供的接收端数据确认的实现装置的结构示意 图，该接收端数据确认的实现装置包括： 帧接收模块 121和帧确认模块 122 , 其中， 帧接收模块 121用于接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧； 帧确认 模块 122用于以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收到的帧进行确 认。 在上述技术方案的基础上， 该接收端数据确认的实现装置还可以包括： 时间通知模块 123 , 用于向其他站点通知所述确认消息的发送时间， 其中， 所述发送时间为绝对时间点或绝对时间段，或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
本实施例所提供的接收端数据确认的实现装置可以集成在各站点之中， 执行本发明任意实施例所提供的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 具备相应的功 能模块。 通过以组播或广播形式对多站点的帧进行统一确认， 可以有效减少 接收端站点的确认开销， 提高传输效率。
实施例九 图， 该发送端数据确认的实现装置包括： 消息接收模块 1 31和接收确认模块 1 32 , 其中， 消息接收模块 1 31用于接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的 确认消息； 接收确认模块 1 32用于根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是 否被成功接收。
在此确认方案的基础上， 该发送端数据确认的实现装置还可以进一步包 括数据重传模块 1 36 , 用于当根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧未被成 功接收后， 重新发送未被成功接收的帧。
本实施例所提供的发送端数据确认的实现装置可以集成在各站点之中， 执行本发明任意实施例所提供的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 具备相应的功 能模块。 通过获取接收端以组播或广播形式发送的对多站点帧进行统一确认 的确认消息， 可以有效减少接收端站点的确认开销， 提高传输效率。
在上述方案的基础上， 该发送端数据确认的实现装置还可以包括发送时 间获取模块 1 33 , 用于获取接收端站点以广播、 组播或单播的形式通知的确 认消息的发送时间， 以便在所述发送时间获取所述确认消息， 其中， 所述发 送时间为绝对时间点或绝对时间段， 或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
上述实现装置优选是还包括： 睡眠唤醒模块 1 34 , 用于发送一个或多个 帧， 之后进入睡眠状态， 并在到达所述确认消息的发送时间或之前唤醒。 基 于通知机制获取确认消息的发送时间， 使得发送端站点可以在等待确认消息 时进入睡眠状态来省电。
上述装置还可以进一步包括： 策略指示模块 1 35 , 用于发送一个或多个 帧， 所述帧中携带的确认策略为多站点数据确认。 通过携带确认策略的方式 来指示接收端站点的确认形式， 能够使接收端站点灵活地结合运用各种确认 手段。 本发明实施例的技术方案， 有效解决了现有技术中无论是单帧确认还 是块确方式中每次只对一个站点的数据进行确认， 而导致确认效率不高， 系 统开销较大的问题。 在 PSMP中， 对于非聚合的数据也可保证上传的数据被确 认是否成功接收， 提高了 PSMP的效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解： 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分步骤 可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成， 前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读 取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 执行包括上述方法实施例的步骤； 而前述 的存储介质包括： ROM, RAM,磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是： 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对其 限制； 尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明， 本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解： 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或 者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换； 而这些修改或者替换， 并不使相应技 术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧；
以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收到的帧进行确认。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 所述确认消息中携带有所述成功接收到的帧对应的发送端站点的站点标 识。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 所 述站点标识为站点的关联标识或媒体接入控制层地址。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 所述确认消息中携带有成功接收到的一个或多个帧对应的帧信息。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 所 述帧信息包括：
所述成功接收到的帧中携带的帧序列号和 /或间接指示所述成功接收到 的帧中携带的序列号的其他信息。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 在 以组播或广播的形式发送所述确认消息之前， 还包括：
向其他站点通知所述确认消息的发送时间， 其中， 所述发送时间为绝对 时间点或绝对时间段， 或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 发送本次确认消息的发送时间为具有固定周期的多个时间中的一个； 或 者
发送本次确认消息的发送时间为临时确定的一个时间。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 向 其他站点通知所述确认消息的发送时间包括：
将所述发送时间携带在广播帧、 组播帧或单播帧中， 向其他站点发送。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 所 述广播帧为信标帧或节能多询通知帧； 或者， 所述单播帧为探测响应帧。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 携带所述发送时间的单播帧中携带有需要对所述单播帧进行确认的指示 信息。
11、根据权利要求 1-10任一所述的接收端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征 在于：
所述确认消息为独立的确认帧或为携带在其他帧中的信息元素。
12、 一种发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息；
根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收。
1 3、 根据权利要求 12所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收包括：
所述确认消息中携带有接收端站点成功接收到的帧对应的发送端站点的 站点标识， 根据所述站点标识确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收。
14、 根据权利要求 1 3所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 所述站点标识为发送端站点的关联标识或媒体接入控制层地址。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功接收包括：
所述确认消息中携带有接收端站点成功接收到的一个或多个帧对应的帧 信息， 根据所述帧信息确认本站点发送的一个或多个帧是否被成功接收。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 所述帧信息包含接收端站点成功接收到的帧的帧序列号和 /或间接指示 所述成功接收到的帧的序列号的其他信息。
17、 根据权利要求 12所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于， 在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息之前， 还包括：
获取接收端站点以广播、组播或单播的形式通知的确认消息的发送时间 , 以便在所述发送时间获取所述确认消息， 其中， 所述发送时间为绝对时间点 或绝对时间段， 或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特征在于： 所述发送时间为具有固定周期的多个时间中的一个； 或者
所述发送时间为临时确定的一个时间。
19、 根据权利要求 12-18任一所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特 征在于，在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息之前，还包括： 发送一个或多个帧， 所述帧中携带的确认策略为多站点数据确认。
20、 根据权利要求 1 2-18任一所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特 征在于，还包括：当根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧未被成功接收后， 重新发送未被成功接收的帧。
21、 根据权利要求 1 2-18任一所述的发送端数据确认的实现方法， 其特 征在于，在接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息之前，还包括： 发送一个或多个帧， 之后进入睡眠状态， 并在到达所述确认消息的发送 时间或之前唤醒。
22、 一种接收端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
帧接收模块， 用于接收从一个或多个发送端站点发送的帧；
帧确认模块， 用于以组播或广播的形式发送确认消息， 对成功接收到的 帧进行确认。
23、 根据权利要求 22所述的接收端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征在于， 还包括：
时间通知模块， 用于向其他站点通知所述确认消息的发送时间， 其中， 所述发送时间为绝对时间点或绝对时间段，或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
24、 一种发送端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
消息接收模块，用于接收接收端站点以广播或组播形式发送的确认消息； 接收确认模块， 用于根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧是否被成功 接收。
25、 根据权利要求 24所述的发送端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征在于， 还包括：
发送时间获取模块， 用于获取接收端站点以广播、 组播或单播的形式通 知的确认消息的发送时间， 以便在所述发送时间获取所述确认消息， 其中， 所述发送时间为绝对时间点或绝对时间段，或者为相对时间点或相对时间段。
26、 根据权利要求 24或 25所述的发送端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征 在于， 还包括：
策略指示模块， 用于发送一个或多个帧， 所述帧中携带的确认策略为多 站点数据确认。
27、 根据权利要求 24或 25所述的发送端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征 在于， 还包括：
睡眠唤醒模块， 用于发送一个或多个帧， 之后进入睡眠状态， 并在到达 所述确认消息的发送时间或之前唤醒。
28、 根据权利要求 24或 25所述的发送端数据确认的实现装置， 其特征 在于， 还包括：
数据重传模块， 用于当根据所述确认消息确认本站点发送的帧未被成功 接收后， 重新发送未被成功接收的帧。
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