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WO2013060119A1 - Métamatériau et procédé permettant de concevoir une distribution d'indice de réfraction de ce dernier - Google Patents

Métamatériau et procédé permettant de concevoir une distribution d'indice de réfraction de ce dernier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013060119A1
WO2013060119A1 PCT/CN2012/073749 CN2012073749W WO2013060119A1 WO 2013060119 A1 WO2013060119 A1 WO 2013060119A1 CN 2012073749 W CN2012073749 W CN 2012073749W WO 2013060119 A1 WO2013060119 A1 WO 2013060119A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metamaterial
functional
refractive index
layer
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/073749
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘若鹏
季春霖
岳玉涛
杨青
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Kuang-Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Publication of WO2013060119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013060119A1/fr
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Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/002—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of artificial electromagnetic materials, in particular to a metamaterial. ⁇ Background technique ⁇
  • Supermaterial refers to artificial composite structures or composite materials that have extraordinary physical properties not found in natural materials. Through the orderly design of the structure on the key physical scale of the material, it is possible to break through the limitations of certain apparent natural laws, thereby obtaining the extraordinary material function beyond the ordinary nature inherent in nature.
  • the refractive index distribution inside the metamaterial is a key part of the super-material exhibiting extraordinary functions, and different refractive index distributions correspond to different functions. The more precise the refractive index profile, the better the functionality achieved. However, the current design method of the refractive index distribution of the metamaterial is very complicated on the one hand, and the effect obtained on the other hand is not satisfactory.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a design method of a refractive index distribution of a metamaterial which is simple in calculation method and convenient for large-scale implementation, and a metamaterial having the refractive index distribution, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a metamaterial comprising a functional layer formed by stacking a plurality of functional supermaterial sheets having the same thickness and the same refractive index distribution, each functional super material layer
  • the substrate comprises a plurality of artificial metal microstructures periodically arranged on the substrate, and the refractive index of the functional super material sheet is concentrically distributed with a center point thereof as a center, and the refractive index at the center of the circle is the largest and the same radius
  • the refractive index is the same; the refractive index distribution on the functional metamaterial sheet is obtained by the following steps:
  • M is the total number of layers of functional metamaterial layers constituting the metamaterial functional layer
  • d is the thickness of each functional supermaterial sheet layer
  • n max is the functional super material sheet layer Maximum refractive index value
  • step S2 which gives the refractive index distribution of the functional metamaterial sheet
  • the metamaterial further includes first to Nth layer impedance matching layers symmetrically disposed on both sides of the functional layer, wherein the two Nth impedance matching layers are in close contact with the functional layer.
  • the first to Nth layer impedance matching layers are first to Nth matching metamaterial sheets, and each layer of matching metamaterial sheets includes a second substrate and a plurality of periodically arranged on the second substrate The second artificial metal microstructure; the refractive index of each layer of the matching metamaterial sheet is concentrically distributed with the center point as a center, the refractive index at the center of the circle is the largest, and the refractive index at the same radius is the same; the first to the Nth match The refractive indices at the same radius on the metamaterial sheet are not the same.
  • N(y)j n min + ⁇ H (y) - n min )
  • j represents the number of the first to Nth matching metamaterial sheets
  • n mm is the functional metamaterial sheet Minimum refractive index value
  • first substrate and the second substrate are made of the same material, and the first substrate and the second substrate are made of a polymer material, a ceramic material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material or a ferromagnetic material. Made of materials.
  • first artificial microstructure is the same as the second artificial microstructure material and geometry.
  • first artificial microstructure and the second artificial microstructure are metal microstructures having a "gong"-shaped geometry, the metal microstructures including a vertical first metal branch and located at the first Two metal branches at both ends of the metal branch and perpendicular to the first metal branch.
  • the metal microstructure further includes a third metal branch located at each end of each second metal branch and perpendicular to the second metal branch.
  • first artificial microstructure and the second artificial microstructure are metal microstructures having a planar snowflake-shaped geometry, the metal microstructures including two first metal branches perpendicular to each other and located at the a second metal branch at both ends of the first metal branch and perpendicular to the first metal branch.
  • the metal microstructure further includes a third metal branch located at each end of each second metal branch and perpendicular to the second metal branch.
  • the invention also provides a method for designing a refractive index distribution of a metamaterial, comprising the steps of:
  • M is the total number of layers of the super material sheet
  • d is the thickness of each layer of the super material sheet
  • n max is the maximum refractive index value of the layer of the super material
  • step S1 the initial phase ⁇ 0 obtained by the step S1 is further adjusted, so that the initial phase (0) at the central axis of the metamaterial is the maximum value of ⁇ 0.
  • i values are selected to select different functional supermaterial sheet front surface tests, and refractive index distributions of multiple sets of metamaterial functional layers are obtained, and the obtained plurality of refractive index profiles are compared and Choose the best result.
  • the refractive index distribution on the super-material layer in the invention is obtained by the initial phase method, and the application range is wide, and the calculation process is easy to realize programmatic and coding, and the user only needs to master the use of the code, which is convenient for large-scale promotion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a basic unit constituting a metamaterial
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of calculation of a refractive index distribution of a metamaterial of the present invention
  • 3 is a geometric topological pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a first preferred embodiment capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the base element of the metamaterial;
  • FIG. 4 is a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topographic pattern of FIG. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a geometric topological pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a second preferred embodiment capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the base element of the metamaterial;
  • Figure 6 is a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topographical pattern of Figure 5.
  • the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of each point of the material are the same or different, so that the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of the material are arranged regularly, and the magnetic permeability and the regular arrangement are regularly arranged.
  • the electrical constant allows the material to have a macroscopic response to electromagnetic waves, such as converging electromagnetic waves, diverging electromagnetic waves, and the like. This type of material with regularly arranged magnetic permeability and dielectric constant is called a metamaterial.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a basic unit constituting a metamaterial.
  • the base unit comprises an artificial microstructure 1 and a substrate 2 to which the artificial microstructure is attached.
  • the artificial microstructure is an artificial metal microstructure
  • the artificial metal microstructure has a planar or stereo topology capable of responding to an incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or a magnetic field, and changes the artificial metal microstructure on each metamaterial basic unit.
  • the pattern and/or size can change the response of each metamaterial base unit to incident electromagnetic waves.
  • the arrangement of a plurality of metamaterial basic units in a regular pattern enables the metamaterial to have a macroscopic response to electromagnetic waves.
  • each metamaterial basic unit to the incident electromagnetic wave needs to form a continuous response, which requires that the size of each metamaterial basic unit is one tenth to five fifths of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • it is preferably one tenth of the incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the periodic arrangement means that the man-made metal microstructures on the basic units of each metamaterial divided by us can produce a continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic waves.
  • the substrate 2 may be selected from a polymer material, a ceramic material, a ferroelectric material, a ferrite material or a ferromagnetic material, and the polymer material is preferably FR-4 or F4B.
  • the artificial metal microstructure may be arranged on the substrate 2 by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching, wherein the etching is a superior process, and the step is to cover the metal sheet on the substrate 2 Then, a chemical solvent is used to remove the metal other than the preset artificial metal pattern.
  • the refractive index distribution of the entire super-material is designed by using the above-described metamaterial principle, and then the artificial metal microstructure is periodically arranged on the substrate 2 according to the refractive index distribution to change the electromagnetic response of the incident electromagnetic wave to achieve the required Features.
  • the conventional design method is the formula method, which uses the principle of equal optical path approximation to obtain the corresponding refractive index values at each point of the metamaterial.
  • the refractive index distribution of the metamaterial obtained by the formula method can be applied to the simpler system simulation design.
  • the complex method is obtained by the formula method. There is a large error in the refractive index distribution of the metamaterial.
  • the present invention utilizes an initial phase method to design a refractive index distribution of a metamaterial, and the metamaterial of the present invention is to be realized
  • the function is to convert electromagnetic waves into planar electromagnetic waves to improve the directivity of each electronic component.
  • the metamaterial includes a functional layer, and the functional layer is composed of a plurality of functional supermaterial sheets having the same thickness and the same refractive index distribution, and the functional metamaterial sheet includes the first substrate and the plurality of periodically arranged on the first substrate.
  • the first artificial metal microstructure, the refractive index distribution of the functional super material sheet has a concentric circular distribution on its cross section, that is, the points of the same refractive index on the functional super material sheet form a concentric circle, and the refractive index at the center of the circle is the largest.
  • the maximum refractive index value n max is a certain value.
  • the refractive index distribution of the functional metamaterial sheet is vertically symmetrically distributed on the longitudinal section thereof with its central axis as the axis of symmetry, and the refractive index on the central axis is the maximum refractive index.
  • the value is n max .
  • S1 The boundary between the region where the metamaterial is located and the layers of the functional supermaterial sheet are drawn, and the metamaterial region is filled with air, and the feed will be fed. It is fixed in front of the metamaterial region and makes the center axis of the feed coincide with the central axis of the metamaterial region, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the initial phase of the front surface of the i-th functional super-material layer on the meta-material functional layer is tested and recorded, and the initial phase of each point of the front surface of the i-th functional super-material layer is recorded as (where The initial phase at the axis is denoted as (0).
  • the front surface refers to a side surface close to the feed
  • the rear surface refers to a side surface away from the feed
  • M is the total number of layers of functional metamaterial layers constituting the metamaterial functional layer
  • d is the thickness of each functional supermaterial sheet layer
  • n max is the functional super material sheet layer The maximum refractive index value.
  • the object of the present invention is to convert the electromagnetic wave radiated by the feed source into a planar electromagnetic wave radiation after passing through the metamaterial, and at the same time, the metamaterial of the present invention is in the form of a flat plate, it is required to form an isophase surface on the rear surface of the metamaterial.
  • the refractive index at the central axis of the metamaterial is constant, and therefore the phase at the central axis of the back surface of the metamaterial is used as a reference value.
  • step S1 the initial phase ⁇ 0 obtained by the step S1 is adjusted so that the initial phase ⁇ (0) at the central axis of the metamaterial is the maximum value of ⁇ 0.
  • the invention can also obtain the refractive index distribution of the plurality of sets of metamaterial functional layers by selecting different i values, that is, selecting different functional supermaterial sheet front surface tests, and comparing the obtained plurality of sets of refractive index distributions “0 and Choose the best result.
  • the above steps of the present invention are easy to implement programmatic and coded. After programming and coding, the user only needs to define the initial boundary value boundary of the program to automatically obtain the super material refractive index distribution by the computer. Promotion.
  • the refractive index minimum n mm on the metamaterial functional layer is difficult to reach a value close to air. Therefore, the metamaterial functional layer and the air have a sudden change in refractive index, which will radiate electromagnetic waves to the surface of the metamaterial functional layer. Partial reflection, causing the gain of the electronic component to drop.
  • two layers of impedance matching layers are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the functional layer, and each layer of the impedance matching layer is composed of a plurality of layers of matched metamaterial sheets.
  • Each layer of matching metamaterial sheets comprises a second substrate and a second man-made metal microstructure periodically arranged on the second substrate, each layer of matching metamaterial sheets having an equal thickness equal to the thickness of the functional metamaterial sheet, each The refractive index of the point corresponding to the same axis on the super-material layer of the matching layer is graded.
  • j represents the number of the first to Nth matching metamaterial sheets
  • the Nth matching metamaterial sheet is in close contact with the metamaterial functional layer
  • n mm is the minimum refractive index value of the metamaterial functional layer.
  • the geometry of the man-made metal microstructure that satisfies the above-described functional metamaterial sheet and the matching supermaterial sheet refractive index distribution is various, but both are geometric shapes that are responsive to incident electromagnetic waves. The most typical is the "work" shaped artificial metal microstructure.
  • the dimensions of the man-made metal microstructure corresponding to the refractive index of each point on the functional metamaterial sheet and the matching metamaterial sheet can be obtained by computer simulation or manually calculated.
  • the first base material and the second base material of the functional metamaterial sheet and the matching metamaterial sheet are made of the same material, and the first metal microstructure and the second metal microstructure have the same geometry.
  • FIG. 3 is a geometric topological pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a first preferred embodiment capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the base element of the metamaterial.
  • the man-made metal microstructure has a "work" shape, including a vertical first metal branch 1021 and a second metal branch 1022 that is perpendicular to the first metal branch 1021 and located at opposite ends of the first metal branch.
  • 4 is a derivative pattern of the artificial metal microstructure geometry topography pattern of FIG. 3, which includes not only the first metal branch 1021, the second metal branch 1022, but also a third vertical portion at each end of each second metal branch 1022.
  • Metal branch 1023 is a geometric topological pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a first preferred embodiment capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the base element of the metamaterial.
  • the man-made metal microstructure has a "work" shape, including a vertical first metal branch 1021 and a second metal branch 1022 that is perpendicular to
  • Figure 5 is a geometric topographical pattern of a man-made metal microstructure of a second preferred embodiment capable of responding to electromagnetic waves to change the refractive index of the meta-material base unit.
  • the artificial metal microstructure is a flat snowflake type, and includes a first metal branch 1021' perpendicular to each other and a second metal branch 1022' disposed at both ends of the two first metal branches 1021';
  • FIG. 6 is FIG. a derivative pattern of the man-made metal microstructure geometry topographical pattern, comprising not only two first metal branches 1021 ', four second metal branches 1022, four second metal branches 1022, but also a third metal disposed at both ends Branch 1023,.
  • the first metal branches 1021' are equal in length and intersect perpendicular to the midpoint
  • the second metal branches 1022' are of equal length and the midpoint is at the end of the first metal branch 1021
  • the third metal branch 1023 is of equal length and midpoint Located at the end of the second metal branch 1022'; the metal branch is arranged such that the artificial metal microstructure is isotropic, that is, the artificial metal microstructure is rotated by 90° in any direction in the plane of the artificial metal microstructure.
  • the structure coincides.
  • the use of isotropic man-made metal microstructures simplifies design and reduces interference.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à un métamatériau qui comprend une couche fonctionnelle formée par superposition d'une pluralité de couches de feuille de métamatériau fonctionnelles qui présentent la même épaisseur et une même distribution d'indice de réfraction. Chaque couche de feuille de métamatériau fonctionnelle comprend un matériau de base et une pluralité de microstructures métalliques artificielles agencées de façon périodique sur le matériau de base. L'indice de réfraction de la couche de feuille de métamatériau fonctionnelle est réparti de manière concentrique autour du point central de la couche de feuille de métamatériau fonctionnelle, l'indice de réfraction étant le plus important au centre du cercle, et étant identique au même rayon. La présente invention se rapporte également à un métamatériau et à un procédé permettant de concevoir une distribution d'indice de réfraction de ce dernier. La distribution d'indice de réfraction sur les couches de feuille de métamatériau fonctionnelles est obtenue au moyen d'un procédé de phase initiale. Etant donné que la distribution d'indice de réfraction sur les couches de feuille de métamatériau est obtenue au moyen du procédé de phase initiale, la plage d'application est vaste, et le procédé de calcul est facilement programmé et codé. Un utilisateur a seulement besoin de maîtriser le procédé d'utilisation du code, ce qui facilite une utilisation à grande échelle.
PCT/CN2012/073749 2011-10-28 2012-04-10 Métamatériau et procédé permettant de concevoir une distribution d'indice de réfraction de ce dernier Ceased WO2013060119A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110333572.8 2011-10-28
CN2011103335728A CN102544742A (zh) 2011-10-28 2011-10-28 一种超材料折射率分布的设计方法及具有该折射率分布的超材料

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080048917A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Rayspan Corporation Antennas Based on Metamaterial Structures
US20100006784A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Michael Mack Method and system for a light source assembly supporting direct coupling to an integrated circuit
JP2010136251A (ja) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Hitachi Maxell Ltd スキャナ機構、及びこれを用いた複写機
US20100277398A1 (en) * 2008-03-12 2010-11-04 Tai Anh Lam Lens for scanning angle enhancement of phased array antennas

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102544704B (zh) * 2011-10-27 2014-04-16 深圳光启高等理工研究院 一种wlan网桥天线
CN103094710B (zh) * 2011-10-27 2016-06-29 深圳光启高等理工研究院 超材料天线
CN102709709B (zh) * 2011-10-27 2014-10-01 深圳光启高等理工研究院 超材料天线

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080048917A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-28 Rayspan Corporation Antennas Based on Metamaterial Structures
US20100277398A1 (en) * 2008-03-12 2010-11-04 Tai Anh Lam Lens for scanning angle enhancement of phased array antennas
US20100006784A1 (en) * 2008-07-09 2010-01-14 Michael Mack Method and system for a light source assembly supporting direct coupling to an integrated circuit
JP2010136251A (ja) * 2008-12-08 2010-06-17 Hitachi Maxell Ltd スキャナ機構、及びこれを用いた複写機

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