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WO2013049784A1 - Capteur solaire ayant un substrat comportant de multiples nappes composites - Google Patents

Capteur solaire ayant un substrat comportant de multiples nappes composites Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013049784A1
WO2013049784A1 PCT/US2012/058227 US2012058227W WO2013049784A1 WO 2013049784 A1 WO2013049784 A1 WO 2013049784A1 US 2012058227 W US2012058227 W US 2012058227W WO 2013049784 A1 WO2013049784 A1 WO 2013049784A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon fibers
layer
carbon
reinforced polymer
polymer layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/058227
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert C. ROMEO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COMPOSITE MIRROR APPLICATIONS Inc
Original Assignee
COMPOSITE MIRROR APPLICATIONS Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by COMPOSITE MIRROR APPLICATIONS Inc filed Critical COMPOSITE MIRROR APPLICATIONS Inc
Publication of WO2013049784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013049784A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/82—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors characterised by the material or the construction of the reflector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S2080/01—Selection of particular materials
    • F24S2080/014—Carbone, e.g. graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to a solar collector. More specifically, the present invention relates to a solar collector with a substrate formed from a laminate of plies of a composite.
  • Solar collection systems that concentrate solar energy generally employ a number of collectors; each having a reflective side configured to focus the reflected light. Focusing the reflected light typically entails forming an image that is cast onto a solar conversion cell. Collector configurations must be distinct and carefully shaped to focus the concentrated solar energy onto a solar conversion cell. A misshaped collector usually forms an out of focus image with a less homogenous flux density than a focused image, thereby reducing system efficiency.
  • Solar collectors are typically made from a material with some stiffness so the collectors can retain their shape long term and be useable for many years. Moreover, solar collection and conversion systems often consolidate the collectors into a solar array to boost the electricity generating capacity of the conversion system. Thus the material for the collectors should be strong enough to resist deformation, such as from routine handling or from creep, but also be light enough for handling and mounting.
  • a solar collector is made of a stack of composite layers that define a substrate.
  • carbon fibers are in each layer that are substantially parallel to one another, but are at an angle offset from carbon fibers in an adjacent layer.
  • a reflective surface is on a side of the substrate.
  • the angle offset can be one or more of 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°.
  • the number of layers can be 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12.
  • the solar collector may further include a thermoset polymer, and alternatively can be shaped so that the reflective surface is concave like.
  • the carbon fibers have a tensile strength of up to about 33xl0 6 pounds per square inch.
  • a solar collector having a substrate made up of eight carbon reinforced polymer layers each having a resin with generally parallel carbon fibers that traverse between opposing lateral edges of the layer.
  • carbon fibers in the second layer are at an angle of about 45 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer.
  • carbon fibers in the third layer are at an angle of about -45 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer.
  • carbon fibers in the fourth layer are at an angle of about 90 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer.
  • carbon fibers in the fifth layer are at an angle of about 90 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer.
  • carbon fibers in the sixth layer are at an angle of about - 45 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer. Further in this example, carbon fibers in the seventh layer are at an angle of about 45 degrees from the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer. Further in this example, carbon fibers in the eighth layer are generally parallel with the carbon fibers in the first carbon reinforced polymer layer. Also in this example is a refiective layer on a side of the first carbon reinforced polymer layer opposite the second carbon reinforced polymer layer. The substrate may be shaped so that the reflective surface is concave like. Optionally, the carbon fibers can have a tensile strength of up to about 50xl0 6 pounds per square inch. In this example, the refiective layer is strategically positioned to reflect and focus solar rays onto a solar cell for producing electricity.
  • a method of forming a solar collector that includes a step of providing layers of material reinforced with carbon fibers that traverse between opposing lateral edges of each layer and are generally parallel within each layer.
  • the layers are stacked so that carbon fibers in one of the layers are not parallel with carbon fibers in another one of the layers.
  • the stack is pressed so that the layers adhere to adjacent layers and define a substrate.
  • a reflective surface is formed on a side of the substrate.
  • the example method may further include shaping the side of the substrate having the reflective surface to concave like surface.
  • carbon fibers in adjacent layers are oriented at angles that include 45 degrees, -45 degrees, 90 degrees, 0 degrees, and 30 degrees.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example embodiment of plies of composite that form a substrate in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of the substrate of FIG. 1 formed into a collector shell in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side perspective view of an example of a collector formed from the collector shell of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side perspective schematic view of the collector of FIG. 3 reflecting solar energy to a receiver in accordance with the present invention.
  • composite layers 10i_ n (which may also be referred to as plies) that in the example of Figure 1 are substantially planar members.
  • carbon fibers 12 that traverse between opposing lateral edges of each of the layers 10i_ n .
  • the carbon fibers 12 in each of the layers 10i_ n in the example of Figure 1 are arranged substantially parallel to other carbon fibers 12 within the same layer 10i_ n .
  • a thermoset polymer 14 is included with the carbon fibers 12 in the layers 10i_ n of Figure 1; where the thermoset polymer 14 may be uncured.
  • the layers 10i_ n are cut from a unidirectional prepreg tape (not shown) having carbon fibers that extend coplanar within the tape and are generally parallel with one another.
  • the tape includes carbon fibers set in B stage resin.
  • the thermoset polymer 14 can make up about 38% by weight of the layers 10i_ n .
  • the carbon fibers 12 in adjacent layers 10i_n are not parallel.
  • carbon fibers 12 in layer 10 2 are aligned at an angle ⁇ 12 with respect to carbon fibers 12 in layer 10i
  • carbon fibers 12 in layer 10 3 are aligned at an angle ⁇ 23 with respect to carbon fibers 12 in layer 10 2
  • carbon fibers 12 in layer 10 3 are aligned at an angle ⁇ 13 with respect to carbon fibers 12 in layer lOi.
  • angle ⁇ 13 is greater than angle ⁇ 12 .
  • layers 10 4 _ n are arranged so their respective carbon fibers 12 are arranged at subsequently increasing or decreasing angles with respect to the carbon fibers 12 of layer lOi.
  • Example embodiments include an orientation of the carbon fibers 12 of 0° in layer lOi, 45° in layer 10 2 , -45° in layer 10 3 , 90° in layer 10 4 , -90° in layer 10 5 , -45° in layer 10 6 , 45° in layer 10 7 , and 0° in layer 10s.
  • composite layers numbering more or less than eight can be used to form a substrate.
  • the carbon fibers 12 have a tensile strength ranging from about 30xl0 6 pounds per square inch up to about 120 xlO 6 pounds per square inch. Additional examples include the carbon fibers 12 having a tensile strength of about 33xl0 6 pounds per square inch up to about 50xl0 6 pounds per square inch. In another example, the tensile strength can range from about 30xl0 6 pounds per square inch up to about 33 xlO 6 pounds per square inch.
  • the thermoset polymer 14 include an epoxy thermo-set that polymerizes when subjected to a particular temperature. In one example, the thermoset polymer 14 is polymerized by exposure to a temperature of about 250° F for about 20 minutes. In another example, the thermoset polymer 14 is a cyanate ester that polymerizes when subjected to a temperature of 350° F for about 2 hours.
  • the layers 10i_ n are shown laminated together into a substrate and shaped into a collector shell 16.
  • the collector shell 16 is generally curved so that one surface has a generally concave like configuration and an opposing surface has a generally convex like surface. Unlike a true concave or convex surface, the opposing surfaces on the shell 16 can have a curvature that changes with position.
  • polymerizing the thermoset polymer 14 within the layers 10i_ n solidifies the thermoset polymer 14. Pressing together the layers 10i_ n during polymerization forms a consolidated composite member of carbon fibers 12 and thermoset polymer 14. It is believed to be well within the capabilities of those skilled in the art, and without undue experimentation, to identify appropriate values of pressure, time, and temperature under which to subject the layers 10i_ n during polymerization.
  • a reflecting material is added to the concave like surface of the shell 16 to form a reflective surface 18.
  • the concave like surface of the shell 16 is shaped so that light reflected away from the reflective surface 18 is focused into an image (not shown).
  • the reflecting material can be metallic, a metallic nanolaminate, and can be applied with a spray, as a layer, or vapor or chemically deposited.
  • Providing the reflective surface 18 on the shell 16 defines an example of a solar collector 20.
  • FIG 4 schematically illustrates an example of the solar collector 20 set in a path of solar rays 22 for generating electricity.
  • solar rays 22 reflect from the reflective surface 18 into reflective rays 24 that converge to form an image superimposed on a photovoltaic receiver 26.
  • the receiver 26 is mounted in a module 28 strategically positioned so that the image lands on the receiver 26.
  • the receiver 26 is further illustrated in electrical communication with leads 30, 32 that connect to an electrical load 34.
  • the electrical load 34 can represent something that consumes electricity or something where electrical potential is stored.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une coque à des fins d'utilisation pour la réalisation d'un capteur solaire qui est formé à partir d'un stratifié de couches de fibres de carbone dans des polymères thermodurcis. Les fibres dans chacune des couches sont arrangées pour reposer de manière sensiblement parallèle les unes par rapport aux autres. Les couches sont arrangées de sorte que les fibres dans des couches adjacentes sont décalées les unes par rapport aux autres. Les fibres ont une solidité à la rupture allant d'environ 30x106 psi à environ 33x106 psi.
PCT/US2012/058227 2011-09-30 2012-10-01 Capteur solaire ayant un substrat comportant de multiples nappes composites Ceased WO2013049784A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161541950P 2011-09-30 2011-09-30
US61/541,950 2011-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013049784A1 true WO2013049784A1 (fr) 2013-04-04

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PCT/US2012/058227 Ceased WO2013049784A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2012-10-01 Capteur solaire ayant un substrat comportant de multiples nappes composites

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3039887A1 (fr) * 2015-08-03 2017-02-10 Patrice Micolon Procede de fabrication d'un miroir concentrateur pour la production d'energie solaire et miroir concentrateur obtenu selon le procede

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6089054A (ja) * 1983-10-21 1985-05-18 Toshiba Corp 放射線検出器
JP2002046137A (ja) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-12 Nippon Graphite Fiber Corp 熱伝導性シートの製造方法
WO2007108861A1 (fr) * 2006-03-23 2007-09-27 Guardian Industries Corp. Miroir paraboloïde ou cylindro-parabolique utilisé dans un appareil de concentration d'énergie solaire et procédé de fabrication correspondant
US20090255529A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Tsinghua University Solar collector and solar heating system using same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6089054A (ja) * 1983-10-21 1985-05-18 Toshiba Corp 放射線検出器
JP2002046137A (ja) * 2000-08-04 2002-02-12 Nippon Graphite Fiber Corp 熱伝導性シートの製造方法
WO2007108861A1 (fr) * 2006-03-23 2007-09-27 Guardian Industries Corp. Miroir paraboloïde ou cylindro-parabolique utilisé dans un appareil de concentration d'énergie solaire et procédé de fabrication correspondant
US20090255529A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Tsinghua University Solar collector and solar heating system using same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3039887A1 (fr) * 2015-08-03 2017-02-10 Patrice Micolon Procede de fabrication d'un miroir concentrateur pour la production d'energie solaire et miroir concentrateur obtenu selon le procede

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