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WO2013041750A1 - Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer le transfert de matière dans des processus à basse température au moyen d'ultrasons à haute intensité - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer le transfert de matière dans des processus à basse température au moyen d'ultrasons à haute intensité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013041750A1
WO2013041750A1 PCT/ES2012/070652 ES2012070652W WO2013041750A1 WO 2013041750 A1 WO2013041750 A1 WO 2013041750A1 ES 2012070652 W ES2012070652 W ES 2012070652W WO 2013041750 A1 WO2013041750 A1 WO 2013041750A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
equal
transfer
solvent
matrix
application
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070652
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Victor Manuel Acosta Aparicio
Juan Andrés CARCEL CARRIÓN
Juan Antonio Gallego Juarez
José Vicente GARCÍA PÉREZ
Antonio Mulet Pons
Ramón PEÑA CERVERO
Enrique Riera Franco De Sarabia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
Original Assignee
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
Universidad Politecnica de Valencia
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia filed Critical Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIC
Publication of WO2013041750A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013041750A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B2/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general
    • A23B2/50—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by irradiation without heating
    • A23B2/57—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general by irradiation without heating by treatment with ultrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B7/00—Preservation of fruit or vegetables; Chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVATION OF FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES
    • A23B7/00—Preservation of fruit or vegetables; Chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated
    • G10K9/122—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated using piezoelectric driving means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and device based on the application of ultrasound of high intensity (equal to or greater than 150 dB) to accelerate processes of transfer of matter that are carried out at low temperature (equal to or less than 15 ° C) between a solid, semi-solid matrix (such as high concentration suspensions, purees, pastes, etc.) or liquid and a gaseous medium (such as air, CO 2 , N 2 , etc.). Due to the low temperature used, the transfer of matter is done without affecting the quality properties of the matrix.
  • the process can be carried out at absolute pressures equal to or greater than 0.5 atm, that is, close to atmospheric or higher. This procedure has applications in the agri-food, chemical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields.
  • Matter transfer processes between solid, semi-solid or liquid matrices and gases are common at the industrial level in the agri-food, chemical, cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields.
  • US5630911; EP0723127; JP1245804 there is a high concern in the literature to accelerate the transfer of matter and thus increase energy efficiency and production capacity, so that the process is accelerated and reduced.
  • the transfer rate of a solvent occluded in a matrix to a gas can be increased by increasing the matrix temperature, either by heating directly or by application of technologies with high thermal capacity, such as infrared radiation (US3883958; WO2006020749) and microwaves (GB2343502B; US2008179318).
  • the increase in the temperature of the matrix entails a degradation of the quality properties, so it is necessary to find other alternatives to improve the transfer of matter without inducing a degradation of the quality properties.
  • the permanent effects produced in the medium treated with high intensity ultrasonic waves are mainly due to a series of mechanisms, such as: radiation pressure, acoustic currents, agitation, instability at the interfaces, diffusion, etc., which are linked to the non-linear phenomena produced by ultrasonic waves of great amplitude.
  • This invention has different objectives than those set forth in the process proposed herein, since it refers to the improvement of the formation of ice crystals by the ultrasonic vibration generated by a transducer in direct contact with the particles in the freezing process
  • the application of high intensity ultrasound produces both an increase in solvent diffusion due to structural effects that occur within the matrix, as a decrease in the boundary layer, which leads to an increase in the external coefficient of matter transfer.
  • the increase in the transfer coefficients of matter occurs with a low thermal effect, so that the efficient application of high intensity ultrasound translates into a decrease in processing time without increasing the temperature of the matrix.
  • a first object of the invention is a process for accelerating and improving the transfer of matter from at least one solvent occluded in a solid, semi-solid or liquid matrix to a gaseous medium (such as air, CO 2 , N 2 , etc.) to a pressure close to atmospheric or higher (equal to or greater than 0.5 atm) and at a temperature equal to or less than 15 ° C, by applying a high intensity ultrasonic field (equal to or greater than 150 dB).
  • a gaseous medium such as air, CO 2 , N 2 , etc.
  • the transfer of matter occurs as a result of the difference in solvent leakage (preferably water and organic solvents) in the matrix and in the gas.
  • solvent leakage preferably water and organic solvents
  • This transfer of matter is accelerated by the mechanical phenomena produced by the efficient application of high intensity ultrasonic waves both in the structure of the matrix and at the interfaces, for which an acoustic field with an intensity equal to or greater than 150 is required. dB These phenomena can lead to a reduction in processing times of up to 70-80%. Due to the low temperature used, the quality properties of the matrix are not affected.
  • the application of the ultrasonic field can be carried out by air and without the need to modify the pressure of the gaseous medium.
  • this application of the ultrasonic field can be carried out from selected systems so that they have a good adaptation of impedance with the gas, large amplitudes of vibration (preferably, equal to or greater than 10 ⁇ ), large capacity of power (preferably, equal or greater than 50 W), a large radiant surface (preferably, equal to or greater than 750 cm 2 ), as well as a capacity to generate an acoustic field with a high concentration of energy (preferably, equal to or greater than 0.1 W / cm 2 ) .
  • a further object of the invention is a device for carrying out a method as previously described, characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical or vibrating plate radiating element integrated in a chamber to contain the solid or semi-solid matrix, as well as a system for circulating a gas flow around the matrix.
  • This device may additionally comprise an electronic excitation system of at least one piezoelectric transduction element, wherein said electronic system can in turn comprise a resonant frequency control and monitoring system.
  • the temperature at which the procedure is carried out is equal to or lower than 15 ° C, this temperature may be above the freezing point of the organic compound, or it may be below the point of freezing of said organic compound. In this way, the elimination of the organic compound in one case or another is carried out by different physical processes (evaporation versus sublimation).
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. represent a first and a second configuration of the device for carrying out the process object of the invention.
  • an ultrasonic device with a cylindrical radiator (FIG. 1) has been used that can be used mainly in mobile bed treatment chambers, and an ultrasonic device with vibrating plate radiator (FIG. 2), usable in any type of treatment chamber.
  • These devices can be designed to work in the frequency range of 20-50 kHz.
  • the currents generated in the gaseous medium due to the high amplitudes of the acoustic wave characteristic of an acoustic field of an intensity equal to or greater than 150 dB, cause a decrease of the boundary layer reducing the external resistance to the transfer of matter.
  • the acoustic wave reaches the matrix, it causes cycles of compressions and decompressions that favor the elimination of the solvent due to an increase in the diffusion coefficients.
  • an electronic system for generating, controlling and adapting the electrical signal (7) has been designed and built, consisting of a power generator with low impedance of output, a power amplifier, an impedance coupling circuit and a resonance frequency control and monitoring system that keeps the power applied to the piezoelectric element constant.
  • a specific software for measuring and controlling the parameters of the electrical signal and resonance frequency has been designed.
  • the ultrasonic device with vibrating plate radiator (11), as well as the electronic system for generating, controlling and adapting the electrical signal (7) are of the same type as those included in the International Application
  • the electrical signal is piezoelectrically converted into a mechanical vibration that is amplified by the mechanical amplifier (5) and that excites the radiating element in the form of a cylinder (4) or vibrating plate (11). Additionally, the electrical excitation signal of the piezoelectric power or transduction element (6) is isolated from the gaseous medium low temperature outside to avoid moisture or condensation problems in the piezoelectric elements that could lead to a short circuit.
  • both the piezoelectric part and the mechanical amplifier (5) are placed inside a sealed metal housing that also protects the piezoelectric element from power or transduction (6) from possible shocks or impacts due to improper handling.
  • Ultrasonic radiators, cylindrical (4) or vibrating plate (11) produce a vibration that is transmitted through the gaseous medium to the matrix.
  • the dimensions of the application systems may vary depending on the volume of the treatment chamber.
  • the samples are placed inside the treatment chamber, through which a stream of gas is circulated at low temperature (2), without the need to control its pressure.
  • the samples are placed at a certain distance from the radiating plate radiator (11) and the low temperature gas flow (2) can be parallel or perpendicular to the plate surface.
  • the structure of the acoustic field of the transducer inside the radiator is that of a stationary field with cylindrical geometry.
  • the designed ultrasonic devices are conditioned to work at low temperatures, so that both the piezoelectric power or transduction element (6) and the ultrasonic radiators will operate in those conditions with good electroacoustic performance.
  • the developed / used ultrasonic devices have high performance (greater than or equal to 60%) for gas generation.
  • Example 1 Elimination of water in apple
  • FIG. 3 the results of the experimentation carried out to remove water (dehydration process) from fresh apple cubes (10 mm side).
  • the apple cubes were frozen at -20 ° C 24 hours before the beginning of the experiences.
  • the samples were placed inside the cylindrical ultrasonic radiator (4) through which a stream of air was circulated at relative humidity (7%), absolute pressure (1 atm), temperature (-13 ° C) and speed (2 m / s) controlled. Given these experimental conditions, solvent removal was performed by sublimation. It can be seen that in the experiences where high intensity ultrasound (156 dB) were applied, the dehydration time was drastically reduced compared to the experiences that were performed without ultrasound application. Thus, to achieve a moisture content of 1 kg water / kg dry product the drying time was reduced from 60 hours to 20 hours by the application of ultrasound. This means a decrease in process time close to 70%.
  • Example 2 Elimination of ethanol in a solid matrix. Examples are included in FIG. 4, the results of the experimentation carried out to remove ethanol (organic solvent) from a solid matrix.
  • the dehydrated apple cubes of Example 1 which were impregnated in vacuo for 2 hours with ethanol (96% purity), were chosen as the solid matrix.
  • the apple cubes impregnated with ethanol were placed inside the cylindrical ultrasonic radiator (4) through which a stream of air was circulated at relative humidity (7%), absolute pressure (1 atm) temperature (-13 ° C) and speed (2 m / s) controlled. Given these experimental conditions, solvent removal was performed by evaporation. Similar to example 1, the application of high intensity ultrasound (156 dB) significantly reduced the treatment time. To achieve an ethanol content of 125,000 ppm, the treatment time was reduced from 225 to 45 minutes. This means a decrease in process time close to 80%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé qui permet d'accélérer et d'améliorer le transfert d'au moins un solvant, enfermé dans une matrice solide, semi solide ou liquide, à un milieu gazeux à une pression absolue égale ou supérieure à 0,5 atm et à une température égale ou inférieure à 15°C, ledit procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend l'application d'un champ d'ultrasons à haute intensité, d'une intensité égale ou supérieure à 150 dB. La présente invention a également pour objet un dispositif de mise en oeuvre dudit procédé et son utilisation dans le domaine des industries de l'agroalimentaire, de la chimie, des cosmétiques et/ou de la pharmacie.
PCT/ES2012/070652 2011-09-20 2012-09-12 Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer le transfert de matière dans des processus à basse température au moyen d'ultrasons à haute intensité Ceased WO2013041750A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201131512 2011-09-20
ES201131512A ES2403785B1 (es) 2011-09-20 2011-09-20 Procedimiento y dispositivo para mejorar la transferencia de materia en procesos a baja temperatura mediante el uso de ultrasonidos de elevada intensidad

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013041750A1 true WO2013041750A1 (fr) 2013-03-28

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PCT/ES2012/070652 Ceased WO2013041750A1 (fr) 2011-09-20 2012-09-12 Procédé et dispositif permettant d'améliorer le transfert de matière dans des processus à basse température au moyen d'ultrasons à haute intensité

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ES (1) ES2403785B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013041750A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2548458A1 (es) * 2014-04-15 2015-10-16 Bsh Electrodomésticos España, S.A. Aparato refrigerador doméstico con dos áreas de almacenamiento para alimentos y un dispositivo de ultrasonidos, y método para poner en funcionamiento un aparato refrigerador doméstico

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020040643A1 (en) * 2000-09-25 2002-04-11 Ware Gerald J. Desiccation apparatus and method
WO2004090446A1 (fr) * 2003-04-11 2004-10-21 Elizabeth Acton Procede et appareil destines a lyophiliser des materiaux
WO2006015604A1 (fr) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-16 Force Technology Méthode et dispositif pour améliorer un procédé impliquant un objet solide et un gaz
CN101126593A (zh) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-20 发泰（天津）科技有限公司 超声冷冻干燥方法及其设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020040643A1 (en) * 2000-09-25 2002-04-11 Ware Gerald J. Desiccation apparatus and method
WO2004090446A1 (fr) * 2003-04-11 2004-10-21 Elizabeth Acton Procede et appareil destines a lyophiliser des materiaux
WO2006015604A1 (fr) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-16 Force Technology Méthode et dispositif pour améliorer un procédé impliquant un objet solide et un gaz
CN101126593A (zh) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-20 发泰（天津）科技有限公司 超声冷冻干燥方法及其设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOSÉ VICENTE GARCÍA PÉREZ: "Contribucion al estudio from aplicacion of ultrasonidos of potencia in the secado convectivo of alimentos", TESIS DOCTORAL, 2007, VALENCIA, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/1890> *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2403785B1 (es) 2014-08-04
ES2403785R1 (es) 2013-09-17
ES2403785A2 (es) 2013-05-21

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