WO2012139847A1 - Drive system for a door - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive system (1) for a door, comprising a motor (6), which the drives the door and which can be operated in two running directions depending on the polarity of a supply voltage. The door is opened in a first running direction of the motor (6) and closed in a second running direction of the motor (6). Limit switches (8) are provided for predefining end positions of the door. An evaluation electronic unit (11) is provided, which controls a power switch by means of which the motor (6) can be activated for both running directions. The signals of the limit switches (8) are read into the evaluation electronic unit (11). In the evaluation electronic unit (11), upon identification of an end position on the basis of the signals of a limit switch (8), the motor (6) is turned off via the power switch.

Description

 Drive system for a gate

The invention relates to a drive system for a gate.

Such drive systems are generally used to operate a gate, in particular a garage door, a hinged door or a sliding gate, that is to move into a closed position or an open position. For this purpose, the drive system ssy has a motor, in particular an electric motor, with which the door can be moved. In the case of a garage door, for example, the motor is housed in a carriage which is connected to the gate and movable on a rail. The motor is controlled by a stationary control and supplied with a supply voltage. The running direction of the motor is determined by the polarity of the supply voltage, which is determined by the controller. Depending on the direction of the motor, the door is opened or closed.

The gate is moved between two end positions, that is to say the closing and opening position, these end positions being predetermined by limit switches. These two limit switches are integrated in a motor circuit, so that switching the motor circuit can be done by pressing the limit switch. In the case of mechanical limit switches, such as switching cam or slide switch, there is a direct switching of the motor circuit. In the case of the formation of the limit switch as a relay contacts an indirect switching of the motor circuit, for example by reed contacts or Hall sensors.

As switching elements, two power switches are provided in the motor circuit, wherein a circuit breaker is provided for each direction of the motor. Due to the polarity of the supply voltage, the controller direction of the engine, for which purpose the circuit breakers are switched accordingly. Furthermore, the end position detection takes place in the control by means of a current measurement. In fact, when a limit switch is switched, there is a drop in the motor current, which is detected in the controller. In the motor circuit two diodes are further provided, each associated with a diode a limit switch and a circuit breaker. These diodes are needed so that the motor can be started from an end position, because without the diodes could not be closed due to the actuation of a limit switch, the motor circuit. A disadvantage of such circuits is on the one hand, the relatively high circuit complexity, due to the two circuit breakers and diodes in the motor stromkrei s.

Furthermore, in such circuits no sufficient self-locking of the motor is ensured in one of the end positions. Such self-locking is required to keep the door safely in its closed or open position. To increase this self-locking, the motor is shorted when it is switched off via the controller. However, due to the diodes present in the motor circuits, the short circuit is not optimal, which leads to a non-optimal self-locking. Another disadvantage is that only a brief drop in the motor current is caused by the switching of the limit switch, since, for example, a limit switch in the form of a reed switch with two switching points, especially at higher speeds of the gate when opening the end position opens only briefly and then immediately closes again. This can cause the motor to overrun an end position.

The invention has for its object to provide a safe and reliable operating drive system for a goal with little design effort. To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The drive system for a gate according to the invention comprises a motor driving the gate, which is operable in two directions of travel as a function of the polarity of a supply voltage. In a first direction of the engine, the gate is opened and closed in a second direction of the engine. Limit switches are provided for specifying end positions of the door. An evaluation is provided, which controls a circuit breaker, by means of which the motor can be activated for both directions. The signals of the limit switches are read into the evaluation electronics. In the evaluation electronics, when an end position is detected using the signals of a limit switch, the motor is switched off via the circuit breaker.

An essential advantage of the invention is that only one circuit breaker is required in the circuit arrangement for controlling the motor. Compared to known systems, which work with two circuit breakers, thus a reduction of the circuit complexity is achieved. In addition, a smaller design of the circuit arrangement can be achieved thereby. Furthermore, the reliability of the drive system is thereby increased because with a circuit breaker only a preferably mechanically switching element is needed.

In the drive system according to the invention, the specification of the direction of rotation of the motor via an optionally remote from the motor and the motor drive control takes place, by specifying the polarity of the two terminals provided supply voltage. The transmitter then activates the circuit breaker to allow the motor to run in the desired direction. Since the circuit breaker generally forms a mechanical switching element, this switches regardless of the polarity of the supply voltage, which is required that only a single Circuit breaker is provided for switching the motor in both directions.

Another essential advantage of the invention is that the circuit arrangement for controlling the motor operation with the transmitter, the only one circuit breaker and the limit switches is designed so that no active components such as diodes are needed to after retraction of the gate in a by a limit switch Defined end position to accomplish a restart of the engine can. This, on the one hand, further reduces the circuit complexity. On the other hand, is achieved by the absence of diodes, that after retraction of the motor in an end position of this motor by the circuit breaker directly, that can be shorted without intervening diodes. As a result, an ideal self-locking of the motor is achieved by which the gate is held securely in the desired end position. As a result, the reliability of the drive system is significantly increased.

The circuit breaker consists of a mechanical switching element, which is designed in the simplest case of a relay or, if no special requirements are placed on the requirements of the self-locking of the motor, as normally open.

Particularly advantageously, the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. This changeover contact ensures, especially if this is placed as directly as possible on the engine, an ideal short-circuiting of the motor after entering an end position and thus a perfect self-locking of the motor.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, an edge detection of the signals of the limit switches takes place in the evaluation electronics. Upon detection of a first edge of the signal of a limit switch, the transmitter shuts off the motor. This results in a reliable detection of the end positions defined by the limit switch, that is, even at high speeds a dangerous driving over the limit switch is avoided.

According to an advantageous embodiment, a direction detection circuit is connected to the evaluation, by means of which the currently predetermined direction of the motor is detected. In the transmitter, a start of the motor in a wrong direction is prevented based on the signals generated in the direction detection circuit.

For a further reliability of the drive system is achieved. This reliability can be further increased by the fact that only the signals of the limit switch, which is associated with the detected direction of the running direction detection circuit running direction are evaluated in response to the signals of the direction detection circuit in the transmitter.

The drive system according to the invention can be used for doors of different design. In particular, the door can be designed as a garage door, hinged door or sliding gate.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it.

Figure 1: Schematic representation of a drive system for a garage door.

FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement of the drive system according to FIG. 1.

Figure 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the drive system 1 according to the invention for a goal, this gate is a garage door 2 in the present case. The garage door 2 can be moved by means of the drive system 1 between a closed position and an open position. FIG. 1 shows the garage door 2 in its closed position, in which it is located in a closed position. lying tical level a door opening of the garage closes. In its open position, the garage door 2 is located in the area of the ceiling of the garage, so that the door opening is open.

To move the garage door 2 this is connected to a push rod 3 or the like with a carriage 4, which can be moved along a rail 5 in the ceiling area of the garage. In the carriage 4, a motor 6 is integrated for this purpose. This drives, for example, a gear, not shown, which is in engagement with a running in the rail 5 chain. The supply voltage for the motor 6 is supplied via a stationarily arranged control 7 to the motor 6, for example via the rail 5 and chain as Stromzul supply means.

In the rail 5 two limit switches 8 are further placed, which define the end positions of the carriage 4 and thus the garage door 2, that is, the closed and open position. Reached the carriage 4 with the motor 6 one of the limit switches 8, so this switches, whereby the motor 6 is stopped. The limit switches 8 can be designed as mechanical limit switches 8, as reed contacts or as Hall sensors.

FIG. 2 shows the circuit arrangement 9 for controlling the motor 6 for the drive system 1 according to FIG. 1. The motor 6 is formed by an electric motor, in the present case by a DC motor. The provision of the supply voltage for the circuit arrangement 9 and the motor 6 via the control not shown in Figure 2 7. The supply voltage to two terminals 10a, 10b provided. Depending on the polarity of the supply voltage at the two terminals 10a, 10b, the motor 6 is operated in a certain direction. If a positive potential is present at the terminal 10a and a negative potential at the terminal 10b, the motor 6 is operated in a first running direction, for example for opening the gate. With reversed polarity of the supply voltage at the terminals 10a, 10b the motor 6 is operated in an opposite, second direction, for example to close the gate.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the circuit arrangement 9 has evaluation electronics 11, which are formed by a microprocessor or the like. The signals generated by the two limit switches 8 are read in at the inputs of the evaluation electronics 11 so that they can be evaluated in the transmitter 11.

To the transmitter 11, a direction detecting circuit 12 is connected. The running direction detection circuit 12 may be a discretely constructed circuit. With the direction detecting circuit 12, the running direction, the polarity of the supply voltage and thus the direction of the motor 6 is detected.

Furthermore, a power supply 13 is provided, which is fed by the supply voltage and supplies the components of the circuit arrangement 9 and the motor 6 with power.

Schließich is provided as a further part of the circuit 9, a single circuit breaker for switching on and off of the motor 6. In the present case, the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. The changeover contact is controlled by the transmitter 11. It has three connections. With a first connection, the so-called "common" (denoted C in Figure 2), the changeover contact is connected to the motor 6. Furthermore, the so-called "normally open" (denoted by NO in FIG so-called "normally closed" (denoted by NC in FIG. 2). In FIG. 2, the change-over contact is in the "normally closed" switching position. Regardless of the polarity of the supply voltage is thus switched off by the changeover contact the motor 6 and at the same time short-circuited. Since no active components such as diodes are present in the circuit arrangement 9 and advantageously the changeover contact is located very close to the motor 6 (without interposing). terer circuit components) is arranged, in the switching position "normally closed" an ideal short circuit of the motor 6 and thus a very good self-locking is obtained.

If the change-over contact is switched by the evaluation electronics 1 1 into the switching position "normally open", the motor 6 is activated, then the motor 6 runs in the running direction, which is specified by the control 7 by the polarity of the supply voltage 6 then takes place opening or closing of the garage door. 2

The gate is moved until the carriage 4 reaches a limit switch 8 with the motor 6. The limit switch 8 then generates a signal, in particular a pulse-shaped signal, which is read into the transmitter 11. There, not the entire waveform is evaluated, but only the first edge of the generated in the limit switch 8 pulse-shaped signal. This edge detection is carried out in the transmitter 11 safely and reliably and also regardless of whether the gate in normal operation is slowly approaching the end position or whether, for example, after an emergency release of the door this quickly and unrestrained retracts into the end position. If such a signal of a limit switch 8 is then detected in the evaluation electronics 11, the changeover contact is set to "normally closed", as a result of which the motor 6 is switched off and is also securely held by the short circuit and thereby ideal self-locking.

In order to avoid false circuits, carried out in the transmitter 11, a control operation such that always only the signals of the limit switch 8 are evaluated, which is assigned to the current direction of the motor 6. Thus, possibly faulty signals of the other limit switch 8 can not lead to malfunction.

Finally, with the direction detection circuit 12, a check is made that after a stop of the motor 6, it starts in the correct running direction. For this purpose, based on the polarity of the supply voltage for the Motor 6 provided direction detected and reported to the transmitter 11. If the evaluation electronics 11 detects that the direction of travel for the motor 6 is correct, the transmitter 11 releases the startup of the motor 6. In the other case, it locks the start of the engine. 6

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(1) drive system

 (2) garage door

 (3) push rod

 (4) sled

 (5) rail

 (6) Engine

 (7) control

 (8) limit switch

 (9) Circuitry

(10a) clamp

 (10b) clamp

 (11) Transmitter

 (12) Direction detecting circuit

(13) Power supply

Claims

claims 1. drive system (1) for a gate, with a gate driving motor (6) which is operable in two directions depending on the polarity of a supply voltage, wherein in a first direction of the motor (6) the gate is opened and in a second Direction of the motor (6) the gate is closed, and being provided for specifying end positions of the gate limit switch (8), characterized in that an evaluation (11) is provided, which controls a circuit breaker, by means of which the motor (6) is activated for both directions, and that the signals of the limit switch (8) are read into the transmitter (11), wherein in the transmitter (11) upon detection of an end position based on the signals of a limit switch (8) of the motor (6) via the Circuit breaker is switched off. 2. Drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the transmitter (11) edge detection of the signals of the limit switch (8), wherein upon detection of a first edge of the signal of a limit switch (8), the transmitter (11) the motor (6 ) turns off. 3. Drive system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that to the evaluation electronics (11) a running direction detection circuit (12) is connected, by means of which the currently predetermined running direction of the motor (6) is detected. 4. Drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that in the evaluation electronics (11) on the basis of the in the running direction detection Circuit (12) generated signals a start of the motor (6) is prevented in a wrong direction. Drive system according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that in dependence on the signals of the direction detection circuit (12) in the transmitter (11) only the signals of the limit switch (8) are evaluated, which of the with the Richtrichtungser- recognition circuit (12 ) is assigned detected running direction. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the circuit breaker is designed as a changeover contact. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that when the circuit breaker is closed, the motor (6) is short-circuited, whereby an improved self-locking of the motor (6) is achieved. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the limit switches (8) are designed as mechanical limit switches (8) or as reed contacts or as Hall sensors. 9. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the motor (6) is an electric motor, in particular a DC motor. 10. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the supply voltage from a controller (7) is provided. 11. Drive system according to claim 10, characterized in that the supply voltage to two terminals (10a, 10b) is applied, wherein the direction of rotation of the motor (6) is determined by the polarity of the voltages at the terminals (10a, 10b). 12. Drive system according to claim 11, characterized in that by means of the running direction detection circuit (12), the polarity of the voltages at the terminals (10a, 10b) is detected. 13. Drive system according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that with the supply voltage, the evaluation (11), the running direction detection circuit (12) and the power switch are supplied with power. 14. Drive system according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterized in that the evaluation electronics (11), the Laufrichtungserken- voltage circuit (12) and the power switch are part of a circuit arrangement (9), which is spatially closely associated with the motor (6). 15. Drive system according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the gate is a garage door (2), a swing gate or a sliding gate.