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WO2012127994A1 - Ressort en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres - Google Patents

Ressort en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012127994A1
WO2012127994A1 PCT/JP2012/054749 JP2012054749W WO2012127994A1 WO 2012127994 A1 WO2012127994 A1 WO 2012127994A1 JP 2012054749 W JP2012054749 W JP 2012054749W WO 2012127994 A1 WO2012127994 A1 WO 2012127994A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tensile
fiber
fiber layer
strain energy
stress
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2012/054749
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
良平 重松
美保 中園
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NHK Spring Co Ltd
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NHK Spring Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NHK Spring Co Ltd filed Critical NHK Spring Co Ltd
Publication of WO2012127994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012127994A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • F16F1/368—Leaf springs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fiber reinforced plastic spring to which a single swing bending load is applied, and particularly to a technique for preventing breakage due to compressive stress.
  • unidirectional springs spiral springs, mainsprings, leaf springs, etc.
  • these springs are required to be light and space-saving.
  • FRP spring fiber reinforced plastic spring
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an FRP tapered leaf spring as an FRP spring.
  • a plurality of sheets having different lengths are impregnated with glass fiber or carbon fiber, and the sheets are overlapped to form a tapered leaf.
  • Manufactures springs discloses.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an FRP leaf spring as an FRP spring, and in that technology, the leaf center portion is made of carbon fiber, and the leaf surface portion is made of glass fiber, thereby having flexibility. Propose to manufacture leaf springs.
  • CFRP spring carbon fiber reinforced plastic spring having a single layer structure as an FRP leaf spring
  • the compressive strength of the CFRP spring is 1 of the tensile strength. Since it is low at about 1 ⁇ 2 to 3, buckling occurs due to compression, and breakage is likely to occur in a region where compressive stress is generated. Since the fracture is caused by such a low load, the feature of CFRP excellent in tensile strength cannot be fully utilized, and the energy density of the available spring is substantially reduced.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a fiber-reinforced plastic spring that can prevent breakage due to compressive stress.
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic spring of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as FRP spring) is a fiber-reinforced plastic spring to which a swinging bending load is applied, and the neutral shaft is located closer to the compression stress generation region than the center in the plate thickness direction. It is characterized by that.
  • the neutral axis in the present invention is an axis that does not generate tensile stress and compressive stress and does not stretch or contract.
  • the tensile modulus in the present invention is calculated using the following relational expression using the first straight line part (the straight line part passing through the origin or the tangent line at the origin of the curve) in the tensile stress-strain curve obtained in the tensile test. (Reference: FRP Design Handbook, Japan Reinforced Plastics Association, 1979).
  • E ⁇ / ⁇ E is the tensile modulus (unit: N / mm 2 )
  • ⁇ is the stress difference (unit: N / mm 2 ) due to the average original cross-sectional area between two linear points
  • ⁇ is the strain between the two points. It is a difference.
  • the neutral axis is located closer to the compression stress generation region side than the center in the plate thickness direction, so that the thickness from the neutral axis to the surface on the compression stress generation region side is reduced.
  • the compressive stress generation region is reduced, so that the compressive deformation at the time of a one-way bending load can be reduced. Therefore, destruction due to compressive stress can be prevented.
  • the tensile stress generation region becomes large, the tensile deformation at the time of applying a swinging bending load increases.
  • the FRP spring is strong against the tensile deformation, it is possible to prevent breakage due to the tensile stress.
  • the breaking stress of the whole spring can be increased, the available energy density can be increased.
  • a laminated structure in which fibers having different tensile elastic moduli are laminated can be used.
  • a mode set as described above can be used.
  • the first N fibrous layer disposed in a surface portion of the spring having a minimum tensile modulus E N since the first N fibrous layer easy bending, effectively preventing the destruction of such breakage by buckling can do.
  • Such as tensile modulus stress strain diagram of a fiber reinforced plastic having a E 1, the tensile stress strain diagram of a fiber reinforced plastic having a stress-strain diagram ,, tensile modulus E N of the fiber-reinforced plastic having a modulus of elasticity E 2 Is obtained by a tensile compression test, and a strain energy ratio V′j ( U′jt / U′jc, j) between the tensile strain energy U′jt and the compressive strain energy U′jc is obtained from each of the stress strain diagrams.
  • the strain energy ratio Vj between the tensile strain energy Ujt of the j-th fiber layer on the generation region side and the compression strain energy Ujc of the j-th fiber layer on the compression stress generation region side is strain (when Ujt / Ujc, j is 2 or more).
  • a mode in which the position of the neutral axis is set to be equal to the energy ratio V′j can be used.
  • the position of the neutral axis can be set by setting the thickness of each fiber layer having different tensile elastic modulus corresponding to the stress distribution in the FRP spring at the time of the one-way bending load. Therefore, the characteristics of the FRP spring excellent in tensile strength can be used sufficiently effectively. Therefore, the breaking stress of the entire spring can be further increased, and as a result, the available energy density can be further increased.
  • the compressive strain energy Ujc and the tensile strain energy Ujt are calculated based on the mathematical formulas 1 to 3, and the compressive stress is generated in the first fiber layer so that the strain energy ratio V′j is equal to the strain energy ratio Vj.
  • the thicknesses h 1c and h 1t of the region and the tensile stress generation region, and the thicknesses h jc and h jt (when j is 2 or more) of the jth fiber layer on the compression stress generation region side and the tensile stress generation region side The set aspect can be used.
  • the strain energy due to the shear is smaller than the strain energy due to the bending in the mathematical formula 1, the strain energy due to the shear can be ignored.
  • M is a bending moment
  • E is a tensile modulus
  • I is a secondary moment of section
  • ⁇ is a shape factor
  • Q is a shearing force
  • G is a shear elastic modulus
  • A is a sectional area of the spring
  • l is a length of the spring
  • x is the coordinate axis in the length direction
  • b is the width of the spring.
  • ⁇ jc is the compressive stress
  • ⁇ is the radius of curvature of the neutral axis
  • ⁇ is the coordinate axis in the thickness direction when the neutral axis is the origin
  • h 0c is 0.
  • ⁇ jt is the tensile stress
  • ⁇ is the radius of curvature of the neutral axis
  • ⁇ is the coordinate axis in the thickness direction with the neutral axis as the origin
  • ⁇ h 0t is 0.
  • the FRP spring of the present invention it is possible to prevent the breakage due to the generated stress, so that the breakage stress of the whole spring can be increased, and thereby the available energy density can be increased.
  • the structure of the fiber-reinforced plastic spring which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is represented, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a side view. It is a figure for demonstrating the method of determining the thickness of each fiber layer of the fiber reinforced plastic spring which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, (A) is a figure for demonstrating numerical calculation, Comprising: The figure showing the state of bending, (B) is a stress strain diagram of the fiber reinforced plastic having the same tensile elastic modulus as the first fiber layer, (C) is the fiber reinforced plastic having the same tensile elastic modulus as the second fiber layer. It is a stress strain diagram. It is a sectional side view showing the partial composition of an example of the fiber reinforced plastic spring concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the stress distribution in the conventional fiber reinforced plastic spring at the time of the bending load of one swing.
  • SYMBOLS 1 FRP spring (fiber reinforced plastic spring), 20 ... Laminated structure, 21 ... First fiber layer, 21A ... Compression stress region, 21B ... Tensile stress region, 22 ... Compression side second fiber layer, 23 ... Tensile side first 2 fiber layers, Sa ... neutral shaft
  • FIG. 1A and 1B show a configuration of a fiber-reinforced plastic spring (hereinafter referred to as an FRP spring) according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a side view.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a method for determining the thickness of each fiber layer of the fiber-reinforced plastic spring according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the FRP spring 1 is a leaf spring having, for example, a leaf portion 11 and an eyeball portion 12.
  • the FRP spring 1 includes a laminated structure 20 in which, for example, the neutral axis Sa is located closer to the compressive stress generation region than the center in the plate thickness direction.
  • the neutral axis Sa is an axis in which tensile stress and compressive stress are not generated when a single swing bending load is applied, and the fiber does not stretch or contract.
  • the upper surface of the FRP spring 1 is a surface to which a one-way bending load (symbol P in FIG.
  • the upper region with respect to the neutral axis Sa of the laminated structure 20 is a compressive stress that generates compressive stress
  • the lower region with respect to the neutral axis Sa of the laminated structure 20 is a tensile stress region where tensile stress is generated.
  • 2A indicates the plate thickness of the laminated structure 20 of the FRP spring 1
  • ⁇ indicates the coordinate axis in the thickness direction when the neutral axis Sa is the origin.
  • the laminated structure 20 is a three-layer structure having, for example, a first fiber layer 21, a compression-side second fiber layer 22, and a tension-side second fiber layer 23.
  • the first fiber layer 21, the compression side second fiber layer 22, and the tension side second fiber layer 23 are, for example, UD (one direction) fiber layers in which fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the spring.
  • the first fibrous layer 21 has a tensile modulus E 1.
  • the compression side second fiber layer 22 and the tension side second fiber layer 23 have a tensile elastic modulus E 2 smaller than the tensile elastic modulus E 1 .
  • the neutral axis Sa is located in the first fiber layer 21, for example.
  • the first fiber layer 21 has a compressive stress region 21A that is an upper region with respect to the neutral axis Sa and a tensile stress region 21B that is a lower region with respect to the neutral axis Sa.
  • the fiber layers 21 to 23 of the laminated structure 20 for example, a prepreg can be used.
  • the resin may be either thermosetting or thermoplastic.
  • the fiber layers 21 to 23 of the laminated structure 20 may be formed by a filament winding method.
  • the fibers constituting the respective fiber layers 21 to 23 of the laminated structure 20 for example, carbon fibers, glass fibers, aramid fibers (Kevlar fibers), boron fibers and the like can be used.
  • the carbon fiber for example, both PAN-based and pitch-based can be used.
  • a tensile modulus E 1 of the first fibrous layer 21, to the tensile modulus E 2 of the second fibrous layer 22 and 23 is set differently, for example it may be changing the type of fibers, the spring You may change the orientation direction of the fiber with respect to the longitudinal direction. Further, instead of the UD fiber layer, a cloth fiber layer in which fibers are arranged so as to intersect at a predetermined angle may be used.
  • the compression-side second fiber layer 22 is disposed on the surface of the first fiber layer 21 on the compression stress generation region side, and the tensile fiber generation surface side of the first fiber layer 21 is on the tensile side.
  • the 2nd fiber layer 23 is arrange
  • the position of the neutral axis Sa that is located closer to the compressive stress generation region than the center in the plate thickness direction is set as follows, for example.
  • a bending moment is generated in each of the fiber layers 21 to 23.
  • the compression strain energy U2c is calculated, and the bending moment M2t at the tension-side second fiber layer 23 is substituted into Equation 1.
  • the tensile strain energy U2t is calculated.
  • FIG. 2 (C) is a stress-strain diagram of a fiber reinforced plastic having a tensile modulus E 2.
  • ⁇ 1c is a compressive strain at the time of breaking the fiber reinforced plastic
  • ⁇ 1t is a tensile strain at the time of breaking the fiber reinforced plastic
  • FIG. 2C ⁇ 2c is a compressive strain at the time of breaking the fiber reinforced plastic
  • ⁇ 2t is a tensile strain at the time of breaking the fiber reinforced plastic.
  • the compressive strain energy is calculated by integrating the stress strain diagram from the origin to the compressive strain.
  • the compression strain energy U′1c of the fiber reinforced plastic having the tensile elastic modulus E 1 is the area of the mesh portion on the compression side in FIG. 2B, and the fiber reinforced plastic having the tensile elastic modulus E 2.
  • the compressive strain energy U′2c is the area of the mesh portion on the compression side in FIG.
  • the tensile strain energy is calculated by integrating the stress strain diagram from the origin to the tensile strain.
  • the tensile strain energy U′1t of the fiber reinforced plastic having the tensile elastic modulus E 1 is the area of the mesh portion on the tensile side in FIG. 2B, and the fiber reinforced plastic having the tensile elastic modulus E 2.
  • the tensile strain energy U′2t is the area of the mesh portion on the tension side in FIG.
  • the strain energy ratio V1 obtained by numerical calculation is equal to the strain energy ratio V′1 obtained by the stress-strain diagram obtained by the tensile compression test, and the strain obtained by numerical calculation is obtained.
  • the thickness h 1t of the region 21B is set, and the thickness h 2c of the compression side second fiber layer 22 and the thickness h 2t of the tension side second fiber layer 23 are set.
  • FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a partial configuration of an example of the FRP spring 1.
  • carbon fiber is used as the fiber
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the fiber of the first fiber layer 21 is 210 GPa
  • the tensile elastic modulus of the fibers of the compression side second fiber layer 22 and the tensile side second fiber layer 23 is 150 GPa
  • the fiber volume content When Vf is set to 67% and the plate thickness H of the spring is set to 15 mm, the plate thickness of the first fiber layer 21 is set to 4 mm
  • the neutral shaft is set to a position 5.6 mm from the surface on the compression generation region side.
  • the plate thickness of the side second fiber layer 22 may be set to 2 mm
  • the plate thickness of the tension side second fiber layer 23 may be set to 9 mm.
  • the neutral axis Sa is located closer to the compressive stress generation region side than the center in the plate thickness direction, the thickness from the neutral axis Sa to the surface on the compressive stress generation region side is reduced. As a result, the compressive stress generation region is reduced, so that the compressive deformation at the time of a one-way bending load can be reduced. Therefore, destruction due to compressive stress can be prevented. Further, since the tensile stress generation region becomes large, the tensile deformation at the time of applying a swinging bending load becomes large. However, since the FRP spring 1 is strong against the tensile deformation, it is possible to prevent the breakage due to the tensile stress. As described above, by effectively utilizing the characteristics of the FRP spring 1 having excellent tensile strength, it is possible to prevent breakage due to generated stress. Therefore, since the breaking stress of the whole spring can be increased, the available energy density can be increased.
  • the compression-side second fibrous layer 22 and the tensile side second fibrous layer 23 is disposed in a surface portion of the spring, the second fibrous layer 22 and 23 because easy to bend with minimum tensile modulus E 2, the seat Breakage such as breakage due to bending can be effectively prevented.
  • the position of the neutral axis Sa is set by setting the thickness of each of the fiber layers 21 to 23 having different tensile elastic moduli in accordance with the stress distribution in the FRP spring 1 when a single swing bending load is applied. Therefore, the characteristics of the FRP spring 1 having excellent tensile strength can be sufficiently effectively used. Therefore, the breaking stress of the whole spring can be further increased, and as a result, the available energy density can be further increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un ressort en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres avec lequel un endommagement dû à une contrainte de compression peut être empêché. Ce ressort en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres FRP (1) est un ressort à lames ayant une structure stratifiée (20), par exemple. La structure stratifiée (20) est une structure à trois couches ayant une première couche de fibres (21), une seconde couche de fibres côté compression (22) et une seconde couche de fibres côté extension (23), par exemple. La première couche de fibres (21) a un module d'élasticité en traction E1. La seconde couche de fibres côté compression (22) et la seconde couche de fibres côté extension (23) ont un module d'élasticité en traction E2 qui est inférieur au module d'élasticité en traction E1. La première couche de fibres (21) a une région de contrainte de compression (21A), qui est la région supérieure par rapport à l'axe neutre Sa, et une région de contrainte de traction (21b) qui est la région inférieure par rapport à l'axe neutre Sa. Par rapport au centre dans la direction de l'épaisseur, l'axe neutre Sa est positionné davantage à proximité de la région dans laquelle la contrainte de compression se produit. Etant donné que l'épaisseur à partir de l'axe neutre Sa jusqu'à la surface de la région dans laquelle la contrainte de compression se produit est inférieure, une déformation par compression peut être réduite lorsqu'une charge de flexion pulsatoire est appliquée.
PCT/JP2012/054749 2011-03-24 2012-02-27 Ressort en matière plastique renforcée par des fibres Ceased WO2012127994A1 (fr)

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JP2011-066145 2011-03-24
JP2011066145A JP2012202454A (ja) 2011-03-24 2011-03-24 繊維強化プラスチック製ばね

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110126393A (zh) * 2013-08-29 2019-08-16 康宁股份有限公司 薄玻璃层压结构

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9657799B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-05-23 Polyone Corporation Suspension sub-assembly
WO2014145585A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Gordon Holdings, Inc. Ressort à lames composite à haute résistance, de poids léger et procédé de fabrication
JP6547763B2 (ja) * 2017-01-05 2019-07-24 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 スプリングバック量予測方法
JP7741038B2 (ja) * 2022-07-29 2025-09-17 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 レール締結構造に用いられる締結バネ

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5554737A (en) * 1978-10-19 1980-04-22 Toho Rayon Co Ltd Leaf spring and its manufacturing method
JPS57110838A (en) * 1980-12-27 1982-07-09 Hino Motors Ltd Leaf spring for car
JPS5854241A (ja) * 1981-09-29 1983-03-31 Hino Motors Ltd 繊維強化樹脂製板ばね
JPS5934036A (ja) * 1983-01-12 1984-02-24 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Ｆｒｐ板ばね
JPS6224039A (ja) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-02 Nhk Spring Co Ltd 繊維強化樹脂製板ばね
JPH02248728A (ja) * 1989-02-22 1990-10-04 Iveco Fiat Spa 車両のサスペンション用の板ばね及びその製造方法
JPH0727160A (ja) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-27 Eaton Corp 車両用懸架装置部材とその製造方法
JPH0754892A (ja) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-28 Eaton Corp 車両サスペンション部材およびその製造方法
JPH0777231A (ja) * 1991-04-08 1995-03-20 Toyota Motor Corp Ｆｒｐリーフスプリング
JP2001523793A (ja) * 1997-08-06 2001-11-27 パシフィック・コースト・コンポジティズ ハイブリッド型板バネ、及び車両における車軸支持用懸架装置
JP2005521002A (ja) * 2002-03-19 2005-07-14 パシフィック コースト コンポジッツ 接合ラインが補強されたハイブリッド型リーフスプリング

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5554737A (en) * 1978-10-19 1980-04-22 Toho Rayon Co Ltd Leaf spring and its manufacturing method
JPS57110838A (en) * 1980-12-27 1982-07-09 Hino Motors Ltd Leaf spring for car
JPS5854241A (ja) * 1981-09-29 1983-03-31 Hino Motors Ltd 繊維強化樹脂製板ばね
JPS5934036A (ja) * 1983-01-12 1984-02-24 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Ｆｒｐ板ばね
JPS6224039A (ja) * 1985-07-24 1987-02-02 Nhk Spring Co Ltd 繊維強化樹脂製板ばね
JPH02248728A (ja) * 1989-02-22 1990-10-04 Iveco Fiat Spa 車両のサスペンション用の板ばね及びその製造方法
JPH0777231A (ja) * 1991-04-08 1995-03-20 Toyota Motor Corp Ｆｒｐリーフスプリング
JPH0727160A (ja) * 1993-07-02 1995-01-27 Eaton Corp 車両用懸架装置部材とその製造方法
JPH0754892A (ja) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-28 Eaton Corp 車両サスペンション部材およびその製造方法
JP2001523793A (ja) * 1997-08-06 2001-11-27 パシフィック・コースト・コンポジティズ ハイブリッド型板バネ、及び車両における車軸支持用懸架装置
JP2005521002A (ja) * 2002-03-19 2005-07-14 パシフィック コースト コンポジッツ 接合ラインが補強されたハイブリッド型リーフスプリング

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110126393A (zh) * 2013-08-29 2019-08-16 康宁股份有限公司 薄玻璃层压结构

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