WO2012102598A2 - System for converting wave impact into energy using piezoelectric and other means - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for converting energy resulting from the impact of waves over a body of water, generating pressure and deformations on coverings provided on piezoelectric electric energy generators, said bodies of water being delimited by the coast, sand, rock or earth. The invention includes a mooring or foundation element which is secured to the bottom or side of the earth, retaining structure, port protection structure, breakwater or wave impact containment element. The buoy receives the impact of the waves and passively collects the energy generated by the wave impact in spaces housing the piezoelectric generator receivers mounted in the buoy. This cavity includes a circular or rectangular opening which is covered in order to protect the piezoelectric systems and which is oriented in the general direction of the waves. In addition, the invention includes a coupling system for connecting the buoy to the mooring or foundation securing element, such that the buoy rests on an element anchored by means of a vertical central shaft to the stationary securing element. In order to make further use of the piezoelectric generators and the wave impact in an integral manner, the invention also includes at least one piston for exerting pressure and pumping a hydraulic fluid when the piston extends and retracts respectively.

Description

 CONVERSION SYSTEM OF IMPACT OF THE WAVES IN ENERGY BY PIEZOELECTRIC MEANS AND OTHERS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the use of the energy generated by the impact and vibration generated by waves and sea currents upon impact on a deformable surface containing piezoelectric generating parts; the impact presses and deforms the piezoelectric generators managing to convert the mechanical energy of the deformation of the piece into electrical energy, transmitting this generated electrical energy to batteries or to the network; To this piezoelectric generation system driven by the impact of the waves of the sea, a system of devices that harness the energy generated by the waves and the currents of the sea that by means of hydraulic systems converts the energy of the waves and the waves is added currents in usable energy.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Piezoelectricity is the property that certain materials called piezoelectric have. These materials generate an electrical voltage (voltage) when they are hit or deformed. Additionally, when a piezoelectric material is exposed to electrical stress, it will undergo mechanical deformation.

Both phenomena stimulate each other, which means that if a material with piezoelectric qualities is struck or deformed, said deformation will cause a voltage that will in turn deform the material, generating an electrical voltage again, and so on. This is known as swing.

Piezoelectricity finds several uses especially in electronics where it is used in microphones, speakers, ceramic filters and oscillator stabilization. The piezoelectric phenomenon was first described by the Curie brothers, who observed that certain materials can generate electric current when they are deformed. Today, piezoelectric materials have multiple uses in the industry as well as sensors and actuators.

Currently, a new generation of piezoelectric generators has been developed with a mechanical / electrical association Ideal for harvesting the mechanical energy generated by impacts. Very efficient storage systems have also been developed to collect and store the electricity produced by these generators. Stored energy can be used for local energy needs or sent to the network.

The recovery of lost mechanical energy is maximized to convert it into electrical energy. Subsequently, energy is stored with minimal energy losses. Energy is also produced in the vicinity of end users.

For the use of the energy generated by the sea waves, different systems have been proposed that may include devices with buoys or floating or anchored systems that oscillate vertically after the movement of the sea waves, thereby converting the energy of the waves Sea in energy storage.

Floating systems usually use the force of gravity, inducing upward thrust by waves and falling by cantilever. In other devices, static units convert the horizontal flow of water into electricity.

Therefore, each device uses only one form of wave energy. Attempts were made to convert wave energy by means of the rise and fall of buoys into electrical energy that is generated by a cog-wheel rotation force to operate a hydraulic pump. The cogwheels are connected to the buoy means and to a hydraulic pump that releases a fluid to an accumulator that passes the hydraulic fluid to the electricity production station.

A disadvantage of such devices based on flotation means is that the amount of energy captured by means of buoyancy depends on the location of the buoys in relation to the level of the tides, which can vary by a few meters depending on the height of the tide

In addition, some devices may include components to be installed at the bottom of the sea. on the coast or on a platform and therefore, they are very expensive to build and maintain, limited by the depth of the water or designed only to be installed near the shore.

Several solutions have been proposed, including the use of a transmitter connected to computers to accurately monitor the movement of floating units. The proposed solutions had disadvantages, including the need to use electrical equipment that is prone to malfunctions that may be inefficient or too expensive to install and operate. Devices that were installed on the high seas require expensive equipment to convert the energy of the waves and transmit it to the mainland. In order to overcome the disadvantages, it is necessary to have extensive knowledge to convert the energy of sea waves into energy usable as electricity, with the advantages of efficiency and low price. In addition, available and proven technologies that make the most of the infrastructure must be combined that is placed so that the costs of operation and maintenance are lower and the generation of energy greater.

These issues and others will be addressed in the invention detailed in this document. DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to the use of energy generated by the impact and vibration generated by waves and sea currents a! hitting a deformable surface, placed on floating systems (Buoys) containing piezoelectric generating parts; the impact presses and deforms the piezoelectric generators, managing to convert the mechanical energy of the deformation of the piece into electrical energy, transmitting said generated electrical energy to batteries or to the grid.

To optimize the generation of electricity and maximize the costs of installation and equipment, the present invention includes a system for converting sea waves or any body of water; including a foundation system or static (stable) element that can be installed interchangeably at the bottom of the sea, on rocks, on walls, on breakwaters or in port or wave protection constructions towards marine or recreational ports, where they will be insatiated ios supports for coiocar ios rotating or mobile systems of floating systems or buoys. Said static elements will be where the buoy will be held in a plane close to the central axis of the static element, which will have at least one piston that expands and retracts, respectively; the piston is connected at one end with the static element such as rocks, walls, breakwaters or protective constructions or with the coast, and; at the other end, it would be connected to fas buoys or connections; a hydraulic motor is connected hydraulic or mechanically with an electric alternator or a suitable device, and; a piping system to connect the hydraulic fluid of the piston with a hydraulic motor.

The buoyancy means include a buoy that has spaces or cavities in its front and / or fender and / or side that accommodate the piezoelectric generators that are connected by cables to the top of the buoys for connection towards the investment systems, controllers and other systems to connect the electricity generated to the network or batteries; the front, side and bottom parts are covered by deformable materials that, through the impact of sea waves, generate deformation and exert pressure on the piezoelectric generators, converting the mechanical energy of the deformation of the part into electrical energy; The buoy has an additional function, which is collecting energy from the wave. The support unit preferably consists of at least two arms or support brackets stand them; each of said arms or supports is connected to the static element and to the floating equipment; each support arm is important to be in a plane of proximity to the static element and floating equipment; the length of each support arm between the hinges is equal to all parallel support arms, therefore, the buoy has freedom to move in a circle or a part of a circle in the same plane perpendicular to the static support element, where a part of the buoy remains above the collector. The tilt area of the wave is compressed by means of the buoy, increasing the opening towards the next wave. In addition and this is not mandatory, at least one support arm has a counterweight to generate a balance obtained from the central axis to the opposite side of the buoy. Another aspect of the previous system consists of a pipe system that connects it to an accumulator. The piping system connects the hydraulic fluid of the accumulator piston and the accumulator to a hydraulic motor. Preferably, a hydraulic system consisting of pipelines or pipes directs the hydraulic fluid of at least one piston towards the accumulator, where the first tube directs hydraulic fluid towards the accumulator when the piston expands and the second tube directs hydraulic fluid towards the accumulator when The piston retracts. Additionally, a pipe system consisting of a reserve container to provide hydraulic fluid for the piston and receive the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor and the excess hydraulic fluid from the accumulator.

 The piping system may include a number of one-way check or switch valves or pressure variation control valves to press the hydraulic fluid in the desired direction; The pressure accumulator or hydraulic motor may be equipped with a pressure valve to drain excess fluid from the system.

Preferably, the accumulator stores any gas, high pressure gas, to ensure silent operation when the pressure is transferred to the hydraulic motor.

According to another aspect of the invention, changes in the oil flow from the hydraulic piston pass through a hydraulic oil valve designed to limit oil pressure and displacement and to prevent significant changes in the hydraulic oil flow. due to changes in the waves. The energy conversion is smoother and the system is protected against potential damage. Hydraulic oil from the valve enters the hydro-pneumatic accumulator, which contains nitrogen at the top. In the middle part there is a partition and in the lower part is the hydraulic oil. The arrangement of the described configuration absorbs the impact of the waves, which affect the device.

According to another aspect of the invention, the wave conversion system includes a means to control the amount of waves that affect the device based on the intensity of the waves, so that an increase in the force of the waves will lead to a smaller number of waves to achieve energy conversion.

A pair of buoys or more are used to catch the waves for the conversion system; The system changes the angle between the buoys based on the intensity of the waves to allow only a monitored number of waves to reach the conversion system. A new construction system and conversion system fixation for areas near the coast includes: i) Stacking sand in the water next to the beach until the sand rises above sea level;

ü) Build the conversion system in the sand and remove the sand as necessary. The sand is used as a solid base for workers, construction equipment and components of the conversion system during construction;

iii) Anchoring the system to the bottom of the sea while digging in the sand as necessary. The referred construction system may include the option of removing the sand at the end of the construction of the wave conversion system. Alternatively, the sand can wash itself over time. Other objects, advantages and features of the invention as described herein, will become apparent to those skilled in the art on reading the disclosure set forth below.

Figure 1 schematically illustrates the system for the conversion of energy generated by the impact of fascias on the deformable surface between the waves and the piezoelectric generators and the complement of the equipment that converts the energy of sea waves into mechanical energy. Usable to generate additional electrical energy to the invention. Figure 2 shows the isometric illustrating the floating system or buoy that contains the piezoelectric generators that will generate the electrical energy and the piston that will serve as an additional complement for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention. Figure 3 shows the isometric illustrating the floating system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators, as a second configuration, with an additional system of one or more side wheels that rotate by means of the impulse of the sea waves and generates lateral pressure on others. piezoelectric generators additional to those found on the front and bottom plate and which are the ones that will generate the electric power; Additionally, the piston that will serve as a complement to the equipment for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by hydraulic pressure means is shown.

Figure 4 illustrates a schematic side view of the floating system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators, as a third configuration, with an additional system of one or more front and / or lower rollers that rotate by means of the impulse of sea waves and generates pressure on the piezoelectric generators that are on the front and bottom plate and which will generate the electric power; Additionally, the piston that will serve as a complement to the equipment for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by hydraulic pressure means is shown.

Figure 5 shows the side view more clearly than Figure 3, which consists of the phyotant system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators, as a second configuration, with an additional system of one or more side wheels that rotate by means of the pulse from the waves of the sea and generates lateral pressure on other piezoelectric generators additional to those found on the front and bottom plate and which are the ones that will generate the electric power; additionally e! piston that will serve as a complement to the equipment for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by hydraulic pressure means.

Figure 6 shows the schematic side view more clearly than Figure 4, which consists of the floating system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators, as a third configuration, with an additional system of one or more front and / or lower rollers that turn by means of the impulse of the waves of the sea and generates pressure on the piezoelectric generators that are in the frontal and inferior plate and that are those that will generate the electrical energy; Additionally, the piston that will serve as a complement to the equipment for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by hydraulic pressure means is shown.

Figure 7 illustrates the front view of the floating system board (front and bottom) containing the piezoelectric generators (they can be cylindrical, cubic or any geometric shape) and the wiring that will transport the electricity to the battery system or directly to the network; it also illustrates piezoelectric generators. Figure 8 illustrates by means of the isometric drawing, the method of connecting the buoys to the electric power hydraulic generator, which is the complementary part of generating electric power to the invention. Figure 9 shows a possible construction system for fixing the buoy structure at the bottom of the sea or lake or river surface.

Figure 10 illustrates the possible configuration binding buoys or floating systems with pistons receive ios wave impacts to generate electricity fa ^'by piezoelectric generators and; additionally, the pistons that will complement the generation of electrical energy by hydraulic means. These may be configured in a parallel, perpendicular line or at any angle that is appropriate to optimize the impact on floating systems or buoys for the generation of piezoelectric electricity and its complement by means of energy from sea waves by means of hydraulic pressure (mechanical conversion).

Figure 1 1 is the isometric drawing of the hydraulic piston structure. Figure 12 shows the side view and the top view, respectively, of a two buoy system.

Figure 13 shows the side view! and front (in section) of a ring that will be installed inside a wheel or rim and that houses the piezoelectric generating parts. Figure 14 shows the side view and in isometric drawing of the cross-section of a tire or wheel that contains between the tread layer and the carcass shell piezoelectric generators. The preferred configurations of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 schematically illustrates the main components of the conversion system of the water wave impact by piezoelectric means object of the invention and the components of its complement consisting of a system of conversion of the wave by mechanical and hydraulic means into additional electrical energy. For reference purposes, hereinafter referred to simply as "The System".

Because THE SYSTEM is primarily designed to take advantage of large, medium and small waves that are present in the ocean, the sea, rivers and large lakes, the elements depicted in the schematic drawing of Figure 1, are shown elementally and intentionally. It was expanded for illustrative purposes. For example, the height and width of the stationary element may vary depending on whether THE SYSTEM is installed on the sea or deep ocean floor.

The system shown in Figure 1 can be based on the base of any body of water (2), whether marine, lake or riverine; according to the conditions of the place where it will be installed, a shallow or deep pile or foundation (1) and a foundation or anchor die of the structure (3) can be placed by means of a vertical fixing system or post (4) . "THE SYSTEM" is formed by a stationary element secured to the bottom of the sea, river or lake (3), (1) by means of a foundation system preferably of concrete (3),

H IEL SYSTEM captures the impact of water wave energy through the front and bottom wall (8) of the floating system or buoy (9) that is floating in the water. Likewise, to complement the invention with greater production of electrical energy THE SYSTEM captures the energy of the otas through a buoy (9) that floats in the water. The buoy (9) is composed of a part of the buoyancy means (30) and water wave energy collector (26). The cavity (31) contains various cavities or openings in which the piezoelectric generators are installed.

The buoy (9) is connected to the stationary element (4) by means of the connection element (12) which can be as simple as a metal bar and the buoy (9) can be installed with a single connector (14) and a connector horizontal near the vertical axis of the stationary fixing element (4).

The representation shown in Figure 1 presents a more complicated connection which has at least 2 support arms and armed supports (1 1) and (12); each one is connected to the stationary element (4) and to the buoys (9). The support arm (12) is connected to the stationary element shaft (4) by means of the bolt (14) and to the buoy (9) by means of the bolt and coupling system (10). The support arm (1 1) is connected to the stationary element axis (4) by means of the bolt (13) and to the buoy (9) and buoys by means of the bolt (7). Each support arm is important to place on a vertical plain near the axis in the stationary element (4) and the buoy (9).

The length of each support arm between the hinges is equal to all parallel support arms. Accordingly, a parallelogram is always defined by the axis of each pair of support arms, as the axis of (7), (10), (13) and (14).

It is evident from the description above, that if all auxiliary arms such as (1 1) and (12) allow uninterrupted movement, the axis of the buoy (9), defined by the bolts (7) and (10), will allow the buoy (9) always maintain an upward and downward circular motion, respectively.

The buoy (9) always has the freedom to move in a circular direction, defined approximately halfway between hinges (10) and (14) or part of a circle, in a vertical plane in relation to the stationary element (4) and part of the buoy (9) that always stays above to collect the wave (26). The relationship of the buoy (9) and the support arms may be such that the circular movement of the support arms is partially limited. Factors such as structural strength and the ratio between the average height of the sea wave and the radius of the circle turn must be taken into account when designing THE SYSTEM.

When water waves affect their impact on the buoys (9), the buoys (9) float and rise due to their weight. The inner part that is the collector of impact and vibration (31) generated by the water causes deformation and vibrations that affect the piezoelectric generators, which generate the electricity.

- The combination of water with the weight of the buoy (9) uses the force of the thrust of the force of gravity. Optionally, it can be included in at least one support arm

(12) a counterweight (15) on the opposite side of the buoy (9) to generate additional balance.

In the additional system to the invention, in order to generate more electricity by taking advantage of the installed infrastructure, it is assumed that the buoy (9) moves in an oscillating circular motion, and the wave causes a perpendicular vector force; in view that the buoy (9) moves in a circular manner at its maximum points up and down in the body of water, THE SYSTEM must be designed so that the location of the buoy (9) is reaching the largest Part of time α the maximum points of its upper and lower semicircular path in the dominant parts of the water body currents.

Additionally, in case there is a change in the direction of the ears, the system simply changes direction to cope with the direction of the approaching waves. For example, the stationary element or its upper part move freely on its axis with hydrodynamic emphasis of the buoy (9) that resemble a weather vane. In the additional system to the invention, to convert wave energy into usable energy, THE SYSTEM is composed of at least one piston (6) or (27), so that that piston (6) or (27) presses and exerts hydraulic fluid pumping when the piston extends and retracts, respectively. The piston (6) is connected at one end with the hinge (5) in Figure 1, and with the support arm (12) indicated in Figure 1, at a suitable distance from the shaft or the piston (27) can be connected directly to the buoy (9). The piston (6) will be connected at its other end to the stationary element (4) or directly at the bottom of the sea. The generation system additional to the invention, consists of a system of pipes (33) that transport the hydraulic fluid generated by the pressure in the piston (6) or (27) to the hydraulic motor (21).

The pipe system (33) may optionally include an accumulator (22). In this case, the piping system (33) combines the hydraulic fluid of the piston (6) or (27) with the accumulator (22) and the hydraulic motor (21).

In the above description, the pipe system (33) can provide a simple closed circle that connects the piston (6) or (27) directly to the hydraulic motor (21). However, the system of Piping (33) includes a hydraulic fluid reserve container (25) to supply hydraulic fluid to the piston (6) or (27) and collects hydraulic fluid from hydraulic motor {21).

If the accumulator (22) is part of the piping system (33), the hydraulic fluid reserve container (25) is designed to supply hydraulic fluid to the piston (6) or (27) and collect the hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor ( 21) and excess hydraulic fluid from the accumulator (22).

The pipe system (33) includes a multitude of unidirectional flow control valves or switches or control valves of different pressures to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid in the desired direction. For example, the hydraulic fluid accumulator (19) can be equipped with a control valve (24) to release pressure and drain excess liquid from the accumulator (23).

 Valves (16) and (25) are installed in the pipes (34) and (35), respectively and will allow a single direction of the hydraulic fluid to the accumulator (19) or to the hydraulic motor (21) if it is fed directly by the pipes (34) and (35). The valve (17) allows only one-way flow to the pipes (36) and (37) when the piston (6) or (27) generates the pumping force in one of the tubes. An equal configuration, including mechanical or electronic valves to control or connect, can be used in a similar process.

The accumulator (19) is an intermediate device that is used to control the unwanted pressure created by the piston (6) or (27) due to weather storms and its effect on the waves and to control the unwanted movement of the buoys (9)

The accumulator (19) contains high pressure gas (38), at hundreds of atmospheres, and a reserve of the hydraulic fluid (23). The pressure in the accumulator (19) increases when the piston (6) or (27) presses each time more liquid to the accumulator (19). The gas, which is preferably lower in relation to the hydraulic fluid, softens the pressure of the accumulator (19) towards the hydraulic motor (21) and makes it quieter. If hydraulic oil is used as a hydraulic fluid, nitrogen can be used as a gas because it is cheap and does not react with the hydraulic fluid. The valve (20) allows the unidirectional flow of fluid from the hydraulic accumulator (19) to the hydraulic motor (21); When the pressure in the accumulator (19) increases and reaches a preset level or when the valve is opened (20) by external monitoring.

 The trajectory of the turning radius of the system (the length of the support arms) can be changed in accordance with the intensity of the waves, to protect the system with the presence of strong waves and to improve conversion efficiency (productivity) of energy This is the way to achieve the adaptability of the SYSTEM.

It is an expert assertion that the invention has no limits; As indicated and explained by the previous example, the invention disclosed in terms of this is limited only by the claims presented.

Figure 2 describes the floating system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators that will generate the electrical energy and the piston that will serve as an additional complement to the invention for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by means of wave energy conversion. The float unit (9) or buoy is located on shallow water, usually at sea level. The unit or buoy (9) has in its front part and / or in its lower part spaces or cavities (40) in which the piezoelectric generators (42) of any geometric shape and thickness will be housed, which will be housed in the space that be it will form between the buoy (9) and the flexible element (43) that is the one that receives the impact of the waves or waves of the water (26) (waves of the sea, lakes or rivers) and generates the deformation and vibration that causes the Piezoelectric generators manage to convert the mechanical energy of the deformation of the piece into electrical energy, transmitting this generated electrical energy to batteries or to the grid. Within the additional system to the invention that is claimed, to take advantage of the infrastructure and generate more electricity, the floating unit or Buoy (9), is connected by means of an arm to a hydraulic piston (27) that has movement and follows the same movement of the buoy (9) and sends the pressure of the hydraulic oil generated by its expansion and contraction through the outlets and inlets of the piston (44) towards systems of electricity generation by hydraulic means. The hydraulic piston can be anchored to the wall, bottom of the sea, rock wall or any type of artificial or natural wall or dike either built by man or created by nature through the hole (39) and the buoy through the connector (41).

Figure 3 illustrates the floating system or buoy containing the piezoelectric generators that will generate the electrical energy and the piston that will serve as an additional complement to the invention for greater generation of electrical energy complementary to the invention by means of wave energy conversion. The float unit (9) or buoy is located on shallow water, usually at sea level. The unit or buoy (9) has in its front part and / or in its lower part spaces or cavities (40) in which the piezoelectric generators (42) of any geometric shape and thickness will be housed, which will be housed in the space that It will be formed between the buoy (9) and the flexible element (43) which is the one that receives the impact of the waves or waves of the water (26) (waves of the sea, lakes or rivers) and generates the deformation and vibration that causes the generators Piezoelectric converts the mechanical energy of the deformation of the piece into electrical energy, transmitting this generated electrical energy to batteries or the network. As additional elements to Figure 2, to generate more electricity, where possible, an upper rail (45) will be installed in the buoy (45) that will house a rolling system (46) that will be connected and tensioned by a spring [47]. ) which will cause the system to return to its original position after moving by the impact of the water waves in one direction and thus moving in both directions (48); This rolling system will be holding one or more vertical supports (49) that will hold a wheel of any material (50) that will exert pressure on its bearing base, which is part of the buoy (9). This wheel will be connected by means of an axle system to a guide rail (51) that is part of the buoy (9) to keep it perpendicular to the bearing surface, and at the other end of the axle, it will be connected to a pallet system of any material (52) which, by means of turns (53) or rotation, will cause the wheel (50) to move back and forth (56) and exert pressure on the deformable surface of the base of the buoy (9) and thereby generate deformations and pressure on both sides of the piezoelectric generators (42) achieving greater electricity generation. The wheel (50) will also be connected to a spring (54) that will exert tension so that the wheel has a downward vector thrust (57), added to the pressure exerted by its own weight with the gravity force in the lower direction ( 55). Within the system additional to the invention that is claimed, to take advantage of the infrastructure and generate more electricity, the floating unit or buoy (9), is connected by means of an arm to a hydraulic piston (27) that has movement and follows the same movement of the buoy (9) and sends the hydraulic oil pressure generated by its expansion and contraction by means of the piston outlets and inlets (44) towards systems of Electricity generation by hydraulic means. The hydraulic piston can be anchored to the wall, bottom of the sea, rock wall or any type of artificial or natural wall or dike either built by man or created by nature through the hole (39) and the buoy through the connector (41).

Figure 4 illustrates, in schematic view, the front part (58) and the base (59) of the buoy (9) that house the piezoelectric generators (40) in their spaces that receive the pressure in two directions or directions ( 60) and / or (61) through the deformation of the deformable plates (43) that are installed in the front and / or lower part of the buoy (9). The piston (27), which is part of the complementary system to the invention, is also illustrated to generate more electricity.

Figure 5 illustrates in side view, the parts of Figure 3, which consist of the buoy (9), the front plates (58) and bottom (59) that house the piezoelectric generators (42) that move in one direction by the impact of the water waves on the deformable surfaces placed in the front and / or the base of the buoy (43) and return when the impact is released in the other direction (60) and (61) generating the deformation and vibration that becomes in electrical energy; Likewise, the upper guide rail (45) that houses the upper bearing system (62) of the vertical support (49) of the wheel (50) is shown. This guide or upper rail, has a spring or retractable system (47) and / or (55) attached to the support system (49) of the wheel, to force the return to the original position of the wheel (50) after the impact of the water waves spin the vane system (52) and slide the wheel (50) on the surface of the bottom of the buoy (59). The wheel (50) has an axle that, on the one hand, is connected to a guide rail (51) to maintain a position perpendicular to the bearing surface and to another spring or retractable system (47) that reinforces the work of returning to the wheel to its original position before being moved in one direction by the impact of the water waves on the rotating blades (52) and keep a constant bearing in both directions (56); this spring or retractable system (55) located in the lower base (59) of the buoy (9) additionally will exert downward vector pressure, exerting an additional deformation that will help complement the deformation exerted on the piezoelectric generators. The piston (27) which is part of the complementary system to the invention to generate more electricity is also illustrated. Figure or describes in side view}, schematically, the front part (58) and the base (59) of the buoy (9) that house the piezoelectric generators (42) in their spaces that receive the pressure in two directions or directions (60) and / or (61) through the deformation of the deformable plates (43) that are installed in the front and / or lower part of the buoy (9), likewise, rotating rollers (63) are illustrated. which are driven by rotating vanes (64) placed at both ends of the rotating rollers exerting pressure on the deformable plates (43) generating additional pressure when rolling, to that exerted by the impact of the water waves on the piezoelectric generators (42) , these rollers are held by retractable arms [65) that expand and contract in both directions (66) and fixed by bolts (67) in the buoy, allowing their free movement (68) in both directions in permanent contact with the front and bottom (43) defor buoys (9) to generate the desired pressure and vibration on the piezoelectric generators. The piston (27) which is part of the complementary system to the invention to generate more electricity is also illustrated.

Figure 7 describes the front view of the plate (58) and / or (59) of the buoy (9), at its front (58) and / or bottom (59), which has the. spaces (68) that house the piezoelectric generators (42) of any geometric shape or size {only 2 shapes are exemplified: the cylindrical (69) with its safida cable (70) and the sense that the pressure exerts for the generation of electricity (71) and the cubic (72) with its output cable (73) and the direction exerted by the pressure for the generation of electricity {74); the above, for practical purposes, since they can be manufactured in any geometric form and grouped in any size to make them conglomerate units and the cable systems that make up the electricity circuit (75) that transports the electric energy generated by means of a set of cables, or other of greater capacity (76) towards the batteries, or to the connectors and adapters to connect to the public or private electrical network.

Figure 8 illustrates in the isometric drawing the system of conversion into energy, of the waves of the sea (as an additional system to that of the invention to take advantage of the installed infrastructure and boost the generated energy). The buoy or floating system (9) is installed in low waters, usually at sea level. The floating unit or buoy (9) is connected, which can be by means of an arm, to a hydraulic piston (27) that moves following the movement of the buoy or flotation system (9). The hydraulic piston must be anchored to the sea floor or to the structure of concrete, rock, dike, breakwater or natural or artificial protection system at the opposite end to the buoy or flotation system. The movement of the hydraulic piston (27) causes hydraulic oil flow due to the expansion and retraction of the piston (27). Changes in the oil flow of the hydraulic piston (27) pass through the hydraulic oil valve (16) which is designed to limit the displacement and pressure of the oil, to avoid changes significant in the hydraulic oil flow caused by random changes in the intensity of the water wave. Hydraulic oil flowing from the valve (16) enters the hydropneumatic accumulator tank

(22).

 The hydropneumatic accumulator tank (22) is designed to contain nitrogen gas in its upper inner part (23) and hydraulic oil in its lower inner part (8) dividing the two by means of a separator (76).

As a result of the waves exerting pressure on the device, large changes in the oil pressure reach the accumulator (22), but as it is designed in such a way that it contains oil in its lower part and nitrogen in its upper part, blows and changes they arrive soften at their exit and the nitrogen that flows to the electric generator (21) is more continuous and has no fluctuations.

Nitrogen flows from the top (38) of the accumulator (22) and powers the electric generator (21) that produces electricity.

. The buoy (9) that connects through an arm with the hydraulic piston, moves along the arm in accordance with the intensity of the waves.

 During the stormy sea and strong waves, the arm becomes shorter so that a smaller amount of significant changes reach the hydraulic piston. When the sea is calm, the arm becomes longer and even small changes in water waves reach the hydraulic piston.

Figure 9 describes the method of building the system. The shore or beach is (77) and the sea is (26). Sand is taken to the site and the construction of a hill is formed (78); This is where all the system components will be placed and the system will be built. May Build a fence around the site to prevent the entry of seawater. During construction, the system is also fixed or anchored to the bottom of the sea (79). The sale is that construction is easier. At the end of the construction, the sand is removed and the built system remains safe in the sea.

In the drawing, the buoy (9) is shown with all the parts of the system that are fixed at the bottom of the sand hill.

Figure 10 details the connection of the buoys to the wall or a stationary post (29) (rock, breakwater, artificial or natural wall, vintage protection, etc.) and a method of connecting buoys or floating systems (9) and units hydraulics that can be attached or placed on a wall, a pole or the bottom of the sea. The wall or solid post marked as (29). The buoy (9) is connected to the hydraulic piston (27). The hydraulic unit is anchored to the wall or at the bottom of the sea.

 The hydraulic unit (80) is connected through the connectors (27) to the remaining units of the conversion system.

The buoy (9) is connected to buoys (9-a) and (9-b) through the hydraulic connections (80-a) and (80-b), respectively. The hydraulic units (80-a) and (80-b) are connected to the remaining parts of the energy conversion system through the connectors (27-a) and (27-b) respectively.

Figure 1 1 illustrates the structure of the hydraulic piston. Within the hydraulic piston unit (27), the piston (81) moves as a result of the pressure exerted by the movements of the buoy. As it moves, the piston (81) pushes the hydraulic fluid through pipes (82) towards the hydropneumatic accumulator and the electricity generating generator. Figure 12 shows a side view and a top view, respectively, of a system comprised of two buoys or flotation units.

The buoys or flotation units (9) and (9) are connected to each other by a hydraulic piston (27).

The hydraulic piston (27) can be anchored to the wall, rock, breakwater, natural or artificially constructed structure (29). Both pistons can be used to transform the energy of sea waves into usable energy through the pressure of the hydraulic fluid. Figure 13 shows the side and front sectional view of the ring

(83) to be placed inside a wheel (rim) (84) that can be optionally placed on the sides of the buoy. Said solid ring (83) contains spaces (85) at its outer end of its surface that will cover the entire bearing area inside the wheel (rim) (84) that is installed, where other piezoelectric generating parts ( 86), which, when turning, will exert pressure and deformations that will produce electrical energy. Said electrical energy will be conducted by cables (87) to a collector or conductive plate (88) and from there to batteries or to the network. Additionally, the described ring will contain a space (89) that will be adjusted in its manufacture, according to the size of the wheel that supports the rim or wheel (84). The piezoelectric application described and illustrated in Figure 13, additionally, has various useful applications for different purposes, such as automotive vehicles (automobiles, trucks, etc.), industrial uses, aircrafts and ships.

Figure 14 shows a cross-sectional view of the wheel (rim), which will contain the piezoelectric generators (92) between the tread layer (90) and the tire shell (91) of the rim (92). all the length and width of the space included between the tread band (90) and the carcass sheath or in any of the intermediate layers between them (91) and will be interconnected by means of cables (93) to join and exit through the wheel ring (94) to a pair of cables (95), positive and negative (96), hence the connection to batteries or the network. The design or structure (97) of the tread will be in permanent contact with the lateral parts of the buoys or flotation elements so that with the pressure and vibration when turning it generates, when deformed, the electricity through the piezoelectric generators . The cables will be protected by a rubber lining inside the tire (wheel) (98) and will not be placed near the tire spine (wheel) (99).

The piezo application described and illustrated in Figure 14, additionally, has several useful applications for different purposes, such as e! case of motor vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.), industrial uses, aircrafts and boats

Because several modifications can be made in my invention as described, and many seemingly broad materializations of it can be made within the spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all the material contained in the accompanying specifications they should be interpreted only as illustrations and not in a limited sense.

Claims

1. A system for the use of the energy produced by the impact and vibration generated by the waves and currents ^" of the sea, lakes, rivers and in general, any body of water, upon impact on a deformable surface containing generating parts piezoelectric, the impact presses and deforms the piezoelectric generators, converting the mechanical energy of the deformation of the part into electrical energy, transmitting this generated electrical energy to batteries or to the network.The deformable surface is installed on the front and / or side and / or upper and / or lower of a floating or floating float or unit Piezoelectric generators transmit the electricity generated by means of a cable system that joins together and leads to battery systems or directly to the network, by means of a wave impact conversion system of a body of water with sand, rock, breakwaters, natural or artificial boundary structures of cor water pos, comprising: a floating system or buoy; front and / or side and / or top and / or bottom and / or rear plates, which will house the piezoelectric generators that will generate the electrical energy through spaces or cavities and grooves to carry the electrical circuit wires to the outside and there to the batteries or electrical network; at least one hydraulic piston that will serve as an additional complement for further generation of complementary electrical energy by means of wave energy conversion; a plate or flexible element fixed on the outside as a covering of the buoys or floating systems that is the one that receives the impact of the waves of the sea or the waves of any body of water that produces a deformation in the body receiving the impact and whose vibration causes the piezoelectric generators to convert the mechanical energy of the deformation of the piece into electrical energy, transmitting said generated electrical energy to batteries or the network; the possibility of installing lateral systems on buoys or flotation systems that will be formed by an upper rail housing a rolling system connected and pressed by a spring that will cause the system to return after one movement due to the impact of water waves to its original position and with this move both ways. a rolling system holding one or more vertical supports that will hold a wheel (rim) of any material that will exert pressure on its bearing base, which is part of the buoy. Said wheel (rim), will be connected by means of an axle system to a guide rail that is part of the buoy to keep it perpendicular to the bearing surface and at the other end of the axle, will be connected to a vane system of any material that, by means of turns or rotation, will cause the wheel (rim) to advance and exert pressure on the also deformable surface of the base of the buoy and thereby generate deformations and pressure on both sides of the piezoelectric generators achieving greater generation Of electricity. The wheel (rim) being connected, also to a spring that will exert tension so that the wheel (rim) has a downward vector thrust, added to the pressure exerted by its own weight with the force of gravity in the lower direction, the possibility of be installed in the system rotating rollers that are driven by rotating vanes placed on both ends of the rolling rollers exerting pressure on the deformable plates generating additional pressure when rolling, to that exerted by the impact of water waves over piezoelectric generators; said rollers being held by retractable arms that expand and contract in both directions and are fixed by bolts on the side parts of the buoy, allowing their free movement in both directions while always maintaining permanent contact with the deformable front and bottom parts of the buoy to generate the desired pressure and vibration on the piezoelectric generators. 2. A system according to claim 1, which is used in conjunction with a system of devices that harness the energy generated by the waves of the sea or the waves of any body of water, which by means of hydraulic systems converts the energy of waves and currents into usable energy, by means of a system of converting the impulse of the wave into a body of water with sand, rock, breakwaters, natural or artificial bordering structures of bodies of water, which includes: a stationary element, which is secured to the bottom or side of a body of water; floating units or buoys, including the portion of the collecting buoy of the energy wave oriented toward the general direction of the nearby waves; at least one coupler to connect the buoy with the stationary element, so that the buoy is in a vertical plane with respect to the central axis of the presumed stationary element; at least one piston for hydraulic fluid pressure and pumping, when the piston expands and retracts, respectively, and in which the piston is connected to one end of the stationary element or to the ground and at the other end to the buoy or coupling of the same buoy; at least one hydraulic motor connected to the electric generator or a similar device; a pipe system that combines the hydraulic fluid of the piston with the hydraulic motor.  3. A system according to claim 2, wherein the coupling unit is composed of at least one pair of parallel support arms, each connected to a stationary element and the buoy; Each support arm rests in a vertical plane close to the stationary element and the buoys. The parallel length of the support arms and the buoys is free to move circularly or in part of a circular motion, in a plane that is normal in relation to the stationary element when a part of the buoy or flotation element is held over the collector  4. A system according to claim 2, wherein the duct or pipe system includes an accumulator, and the duct or pipe system combines the hydraulic fluid in the piston towards the accumulator and from the accumulator to the hydraulic motor.  5. A system according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic system is composed of at least two ducts or pipes that direct the hydraulic fluid from at least one piston to an accumulator, wherein the first duct or tube directs the hydraulic fluid to the accumulator when the piston retracts, and the second duct directs the hydraulic flow to the accumulator when the piston expands.  6. A system according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a reserve container for supplying hydraulic fluid to the piston and for receiving hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor. 7. A system according to claim 2, wherein the hydraulic system comprises a reserve container for supply hydraulic fluid to the piston and to receive hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic motor and excess hydraulic fluid from the accumulator.  8. A system according to claim 2, the piping system may include a multitude of one-way switch valves or control valves at different pressures to direct the hydraulic fluid in the desired direction.  9. A system according to claim 2, wherein the accumulator and / or the hydraulic grinder is equipped with a control valve to relieve pressure and drain excess fluid from the system.  10. A system according to claim 2, wherein the system has high pressure gas to operate silently. The pressure goes from the accumulator to the hydraulic motor.  1 1. A system according to (to claim 2, further including means for controlling wave blows on the device.  12. A system according to claim 1, wherein the means for controlling the blows of the waves in the device include hydraulic oil valve, designed to limit the displacement and pressure of the oil and to prevent significant changes in the hydraulic oil fluid resulting from random changes in the waves.  13. A system according to fas claims 1 1 and 12, wherein the means for controlling the blows of the sea waves towards the device, further includes a hydropneumatic accumulator.  14. A system according to claim 13, wherein the hydraulic oil flowing from the valve enters the hydropneumatic accumulator, which contains nitrogen in its upper part, a partition in the middle of the container and hydraulic oil in its lower part . 15. A system according to claim 2, further including means for monitoring the amount of waves arriving at the energy conversion system according to the intensity of the wave or wave, so that an increase in wave intensity leads to a smaller amount of waves that reach the conversion system.  16. The energy conversion system of the sea waves or the waves of any body of water according to claim 15, wherein a pair of buoys are used to collect the waves for the conversion system and the changes of the angles in the system, in accordance with the intensity of the wave, to pass a controlled amount of the waves to the conversion system,  1 7. A method of building the wave energy conversion system in the water near the shore, including:  stacking sand in the water near the beach or coast until the sand exceeds or exceeds the water level; construction of a sand conversion system, while the sand is removed as required, using the sand as a solid base for workers, for construction equipment and for the construction of energy systems in the construction period; an anchoring system of the system to the bottom of the aquifer body, as necessary. 18. A method of construction of the wave or wave energy conversion system according to claim 1 7, further including removing the sand at the end of the construction of the energy conversion system.