WO2012173008A1 - レーザ処理装置およびレーザ処理方法 - Google Patents
レーザ処理装置およびレーザ処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012173008A1 WO2012173008A1 PCT/JP2012/064376 JP2012064376W WO2012173008A1 WO 2012173008 A1 WO2012173008 A1 WO 2012173008A1 JP 2012064376 W JP2012064376 W JP 2012064376W WO 2012173008 A1 WO2012173008 A1 WO 2012173008A1
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- laser light
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02656—Special treatments
- H01L21/02664—Aftertreatments
- H01L21/02667—Crystallisation or recrystallisation of non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. regrowth
- H01L21/02675—Crystallisation or recrystallisation of non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. regrowth using laser beams
- H01L21/02678—Beam shaping, e.g. using a mask
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/073—Shaping the laser spot
- B23K26/0732—Shaping the laser spot into a rectangular shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02365—Forming inorganic semiconducting materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02656—Special treatments
- H01L21/02664—Aftertreatments
- H01L21/02667—Crystallisation or recrystallisation of non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. regrowth
- H01L21/02691—Scanning of a beam
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/26—Bombardment with radiation
- H01L21/263—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
- H01L21/268—Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser radiation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser processing apparatus and a laser processing method for performing predetermined processing by irradiating a workpiece with laser light.
- a semiconductor wafer into which impurities are introduced by ion implantation or the like is subjected to heat treatment for the purpose of activating impurities or recovering crystal damage.
- heat treatment method in addition to furnace annealing for heating a semiconductor wafer in a heating furnace, laser annealing for irradiating and heating a semiconductor wafer with a laser beam is known.
- Patent Document 1 As laser annealing, for example, a method of irradiating a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer with two laser beams having different wavelengths has been proposed (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
- a first laser beam which is a continuous wave laser beam
- a second laser beam having a wavelength different from the first laser beam are simultaneously irradiated onto the same surface of a semiconductor wafer.
- a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device that activates impurities implanted in a semiconductor wafer is described.
- the moving speeds of the first laser beam and the second laser beam on the semiconductor wafer are the same, and the beam spot size in the moving direction of the first laser beam and the second laser beam is controlled.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that in a two-wavelength laser surface treatment apparatus for condensing and irradiating a sample with a fundamental wave light pulse and a harmonic light pulse, either the fundamental wave light pulse or the harmonic light pulse is delayed. It is described that a delay of at least the pulse time width of the optical pulse is given during the period.
- the irradiation time of visible laser light is preferably about 1 ⁇ sec, while the irradiation time of near infrared laser light is preferably about 100 ⁇ sec.
- the irradiation time of visible laser light is preferably about 1 ⁇ sec, while the irradiation time of near infrared laser light is preferably about 100 ⁇ sec.
- laser oscillators that continuously oscillates visible laser light have an output of 10 W and are sold at a price of about several million yen.
- laser oscillators that emit green laser light in a pulsed manner have an output of 100 W and are sold at a price of about 10 million yen.
- the laser oscillator that continuously oscillates is about five times as expensive as the laser oscillator that oscillates in pulse, in terms of the price per output.
- Patent Document 2 describes that, with respect to scanning of laser light, an irradiated sample is mounted on a moving fine movement stage, and a position and a part to be surface-treated can be arbitrarily selected. .
- a position and a part to be surface-treated can be arbitrarily selected.
- the beam shape of the laser light is shaped into, for example, a line shape.
- the optical system or the like it is not easy to adjust the optical system or the like so that these line-shaped laser lights are combined under the same conditions over the entire beam length. Absent. Further, in the configuration in which the stage is moved and the laser beam is scanned, it is necessary to return the movement of the stage in order to irradiate the entire surface of the semiconductor wafer with the laser beam.
- the present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and can irradiate visible laser light and near-infrared laser light with high controllability with an inexpensive apparatus configuration, and can laser-treat a workpiece with high productivity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a laser processing apparatus and a laser processing method capable of processing.
- the first present invention includes a visible laser light source that outputs visible laser light, a near-infrared laser light source that outputs near-infrared laser light, And a multiplexing optical system that multiplexes the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light and guides them to an object to be processed.
- a laser processing apparatus in the first aspect of the present invention, includes a visible optical system that guides the visible laser light, a near-infrared optical system that guides the near-infrared laser light, With The multiplexing optical system combines the visible laser light guided by the visible optical system and the near-infrared laser light guided by the near-infrared optical system into the object to be processed. It is characterized by being guided.
- the visible laser light guided by the combining optical system is a pulse wave, and is guided by the combining optical system.
- the near infrared laser beam to be emitted is a continuous wave.
- the laser processing apparatus is the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects of the invention, wherein the multiplexing optical system irradiates the object to be processed with the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light. It has a scanning part which changes the direction continuously or intermittently, and moves the irradiation position of the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam on the object to be processed.
- the laser processing apparatus is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, the scanning section includes a galvanometer mirror and an f ⁇ lens.
- a laser processing apparatus is the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, further comprising: a holding unit that holds the object to be processed when the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light are irradiated. It is provided with the holding
- the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the multiplexing optical system combines the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam. It has the part.
- the multiplexing unit transmits one of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light, and the other has the same transmission direction. It is characterized by comprising a dichroic mirror that reflects in the direction of and combines the two.
- the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the present invention, wherein a part of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light guided by the multiplexing optical system is used.
- Inspection light extraction unit that extracts from the multiplexing optical system as inspection light
- inspection light detection that detects the irradiation position of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light assuming irradiation of the object to be processed by the inspection light And a section.
- a laser processing apparatus in the ninth aspect of the present invention, is a visible optical system that guides the visible laser light, a near-infrared optical system that guides the near-infrared laser light, An adjustment mechanism that adjusts a position or / and a waveguide direction of the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system; and an irradiation position control unit that controls the adjustment mechanism, and the irradiation position control unit includes the inspection
- control is performed to adjust the adjustment mechanism so that the irradiation position of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light on the object to be processed becomes a predetermined position.
- a laser processing apparatus is the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to tenth aspects of the present invention, wherein the laser processing apparatus is generated from an irradiation surface on the target object irradiated with the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light.
- the irradiation surface has a predetermined temperature
- a temperature control unit that adjusts the energy density of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light before the multiplexing, and an output adjustment unit that adjusts the outputs of the visible laser light source and the near-infrared laser light source, respectively
- an attenuator for adjusting the transmittance of the visible laser light of the visible optical system and the transmittance of the near infrared laser light of the near-infrared optical system, respectively
- the temperature control unit includes the output adjusting unit and the attenuator One or both of Control to and performing adjustment of the energy density on the irradiated surface.
- a laser processing apparatus is the laser processing apparatus according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects of the present invention, wherein the visible laser light guided by the multiplexing optical system is a pulse wave, and the pre-multiplexing optical system
- the near-infrared laser beam guided by is a continuous wave
- a reflected light detector that receives the near-infrared laser light reflected from an irradiation surface on the object irradiated with the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light
- An irradiation surface measurement unit that receives the detection result of the reflected light detection unit and measures the state of the irradiation surface of the object to be processed.
- a laser processing apparatus is the laser processing apparatus according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, further comprising a shutter that opens and closes an optical path in an optical path from an irradiation surface on the object to be processed to the reflected light detection unit.
- the operation of the shutter is controlled so as to open intermittently.
- the shutter is opened only within a time during which the object to be processed is irradiated for each pulse in accordance with the period of the pulse wave. The operation is controlled.
- a laser processing method in which a visible laser beam output from a visible laser light source and a near infrared laser beam output from a near infrared laser light source are combined and guided by a common optical system. Then, the object to be processed is irradiated.
- a laser processing method according to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the visible laser light output from the visible laser light source and the near infrared laser light output from the near infrared laser light source are different from each other. It is characterized in that it is guided by a system, and the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light that have been guided are combined, guided by a common optical system, and irradiated to a target object.
- the laser processing method according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, wherein the visible laser beam and the near red light are guided when the visible laser beam and the near infrared laser beam are guided by the different optical systems. It is characterized by shaping the beam shape of one or both of the external laser beams.
- the laser processing method according to any one of the fifteenth to seventeenth aspects of the present invention, wherein the irradiation directions of the combined visible laser light and near-infrared laser light are changed continuously or intermittently. Changing the irradiation position of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light on the object to be processed and moving the object to be processed, thereby moving the visible laser light and the Irradiation is performed while scanning with near-infrared laser light.
- the laser processing method according to any one of the fifteenth to eighteenth aspects of the present invention, wherein a part of the combined visible laser light and near infrared laser light is extracted as inspection light, and
- the inspection laser detects a relative irradiation position of the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam assuming irradiation of the object to be processed, and the visible laser light on the object to be processed is based on a detection result.
- adjusting one or both of the optical system that guides the visible laser light and the optical system that guides the near-infrared laser light so that the irradiation position of the near-infrared laser light becomes a predetermined position. It is characterized by.
- a laser processing method is the laser processing method according to any one of the fifteenth to nineteenth aspects of the present invention, wherein the laser processing method is generated from an irradiation surface of the target object irradiated with the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light The intensity of the emitted light is detected, and based on the correlation between the intensity of the emitted light and the temperature of the irradiated surface, the visible laser light and the near-before light are combined so that the irradiated surface has a predetermined temperature. The energy density of one or both of the infrared laser beams is adjusted.
- the visible laser beam guided by the common optical system is a pulse wave
- the near-infrared laser beam guided by is a continuous wave, Detecting the near-infrared laser light reflected from an irradiation surface on the object to be processed irradiated with the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light; The state of the irradiation surface of the object to be processed is determined based on the detection result.
- the laser processing method according to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention is the method according to the twenty-first aspect, wherein the reflected light is intermittently opened and closed by intermittently opening and closing the optical path from the irradiation surface on the object to be detected to the detection of the reflected light. It is characterized by detecting automatically.
- the laser processing method according to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention is the laser processing method according to the twenty-first aspect, wherein the reflected light from the irradiation surface on the object to be detected is detected for each pulse in accordance with the period of the pulse wave. It is characterized by detecting all or part of the time during which the processing object is irradiated.
- the visible laser light output from the visible laser light source and the near-infrared laser light output from the near-infrared laser light source are combined and guided by a common optical system to be processed. Irradiate. Therefore, visible laser light and near infrared laser light can be irradiated with high controllability with an inexpensive apparatus configuration, and the substrate can be heat-treated with high productivity. Note that the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light can be guided by different optical systems, and can be combined and guided by the combining optical system.
- the laser treatment in the present invention involves, for example, heat-treating the object to be treated by irradiating the object with visible laser light and near-infrared laser light.
- the content of the processing is not particularly limited.
- the target object to be laser processed is not particularly limited, and examples of the target object include a semiconductor layer formed on a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate.
- Si wafers, SiC wafers, and other semiconductor wafers into which impurities have been introduced by ion implantation or the like can be cited as objects to be processed.
- laser processing is performed by irradiating a semiconductor wafer with laser light.
- the impurities introduced into the semiconductor wafer are activated.
- the laser processing apparatus of the present invention has a visible laser light source and a near-infrared laser light source as a light source of laser light irradiated to the object to be processed.
- An example of the visible laser light source is a green laser oscillator that outputs a second harmonic wave of a YAG laser.
- a semiconductor laser can be illustrated as a near-infrared laser light source. Laser light output from these generally high-power laser oscillators has low coherence, and, for example, no significant interference fringes are generated even when guided by an optical fiber.
- the intensity distribution at the edge is a uniform top flat.
- the visible laser light guided by the multiplexing optical system described later is preferably a pulse wave
- the near-infrared laser light guided by the multiplexing optical system is preferably a continuous wave.
- a visible laser beam that is preferably irradiated for a short period of time on a workpiece is converted into a pulse wave
- a near-infrared laser beam that is preferably irradiated for a longer period of time than a visible laser beam is converted into a continuous wave.
- the number of expensive continuous wave lasers used can be reduced, and the heat treatment of the object to be processed by laser irradiation can be performed with high energy efficiency.
- the visible optical system is not limited as long as it can guide the visible laser light output from the visible laser light source.
- the visible laser beam has a rectangular shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or other predetermined shape. It may have a beam shape shaping part for shaping into the shape.
- the beam shape shaping section in the visible optical system an optical fiber having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, a kaleidoscope, or the like can be used.
- the visible optical system may include a collimator lens or a homogenizer that makes visible laser light whose beam shape is shaped by the beam shape shaping unit parallel light.
- the near-infrared optical system only needs to be able to guide the near-infrared laser light output from the near-infrared laser light source.
- the beam shape of the near-infrared laser light is changed to a rectangular shape.
- a beam shape shaping unit in the near-infrared optical system an optical fiber having a predetermined cross-sectional shape, a kaleidoscope, or the like can be used.
- the near-infrared optical system may include a collimator lens, a homogenizer, or the like that converts near-infrared laser light whose beam shape has been shaped by the beam shape shaping unit into parallel light.
- the beam shape shaping by the beam shape shaping unit may be performed on one of the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam or on both. For example, if the laser light source can output in a predetermined beam shape, the optical system may not perform beam shaping.
- the multiplexing optical system combines the visible laser light guided by the visible optical system and the near infrared laser light guided by the near-infrared optical system and guides them to the object to be processed. .
- You may have a beam shape shaping part which shapes the beam shape of the laser beam combined by the multiplexing optical system into square, circular shape, ellipse shape, and other predetermined shapes.
- the multiplexing unit can be composed of, for example, a dichroic mirror.
- the dichroic mirror transmits one of visible laser light and near-infrared laser light, reflects the other in the same direction as the transmission direction, and combines the two.
- the multiplexing optical system can be provided with a scanning unit.
- a scanning part moves the irradiation position of the visible laser beam and near-infrared laser beam with respect to a to-be-processed object continuously or intermittently.
- the scanning unit for example, the optical path of visible laser light and near infrared laser light is moved continuously or intermittently, or the irradiation position on the object to be processed is moved by changing the reflection direction continuously or intermittently.
- Can do By moving the irradiation position of visible laser light and near-infrared laser light by the scanning unit of the multiplexing optical system, it is not necessary to frequently fold the stage holding the object to be processed, or the frequency is greatly increased. Can be small.
- the scanning unit includes, for example, a galvano mirror that continuously or intermittently changes the irradiation direction of visible laser light and near infrared laser light, and a visible laser beam and a near infrared laser whose irradiation direction is changed by the galvano mirror.
- the optical system can be configured to include an f ⁇ lens that moves light at a constant speed while condensing light on the object to be processed.
- a holding unit moving device that moves a holding unit that holds the object to be processed can be provided.
- the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light irradiated by the scanning unit provided in the multiplexing optical system are moved on the object to be processed by the movement of the object to be processed by the holding unit moving device.
- Near-infrared laser light can be scanned.
- the scanning unit moves the object to be processed in a certain direction while crossing the direction in which the object to be moved moves by the scanning unit.
- the irradiation position of the infrared laser light is repeatedly moved back and forth. Thereby, visible laser light and near-infrared laser light can be efficiently irradiated over the entire processing region of the object to be processed.
- the laser processing apparatus of the present invention includes an inspection light extraction unit that extracts a part of visible laser light and near infrared laser light guided by the combining optical system from the combining optical system as inspection light, and an inspection light.
- An inspection light detection unit that detects a relative irradiation position of visible laser light and near-infrared laser light assuming irradiation of the object to be processed may be provided.
- the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system are set so that the irradiation positions of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light on the object to be processed become predetermined positions. It is possible to adjust the position and / or the waveguide direction. Therefore, visible laser light and near-infrared laser light can always be irradiated to the object to be processed in an appropriate positional relationship.
- a dichroic mirror constituting the multiplexing unit can also be used.
- the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light are combined as described above, and one part of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light is reflected, and the other part is reflected by the reflection.
- the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam are partially extracted as inspection light.
- the extraction position of the inspection light is not particularly limited, and the inspection light can be extracted at any position on the optical member of the multiplexing optical system or the optical path in the area of the multiplexing optical system.
- the inspection light detection unit for example, a CCD camera can be used, but the present invention is not particularly limited, and an appropriate optical sensor may be used.
- a condensing lens having the same focal length as that of the f ⁇ lens in the scanning unit is arranged between the inspection light extraction unit and the inspection light detection unit, and the inspection light is inspected by the condensing lens. You may make it condense to a photon detection part.
- the inspection light is condensed on the inspection light detection unit by the condensing lens having the same focal length as that of the f ⁇ lens that actually condenses the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light on the object to be processed. Therefore, it is possible to more accurately grasp and manage the relative irradiation positions of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light on the object to be processed.
- the adjustment of the position and / or the waveguide direction of the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system based on the detection result by the inspection light detection unit can be manually performed by an operator, but is configured to be performed automatically. You can also In this case, the laser processing apparatus of the present invention is provided with an adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the positions and / or waveguide directions of the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system, and an irradiation position control unit for controlling the adjustment mechanism. be able to.
- the adjustment mechanism is preferably one that can adjust either the visible optical system or the near-infrared optical system alone, and preferably one that can adjust both. However, in the present invention, only one of the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system may be adjusted.
- Examples of the adjustment contents include one or both of the position of the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system and the waveguide direction.
- Examples of the position of the optical system to be adjusted include vertical and horizontal positions in a direction intersecting the waveguide direction and positions in the waveguide direction.
- the waveguide direction includes an inclination with respect to a predetermined reference line.
- the reference line can be set arbitrarily.
- the position of the entire optical system and the waveguide direction may be adjusted, or may be adjusted by changing the position, arrangement direction, and inclination direction of a part of the optical system, for example, an optical fiber, a mirror, and a lens. .
- the optical fiber can easily change the irradiation position of the laser beam by changing the arrangement position and the arrangement direction. If the visible laser beam and the near-infrared laser beam are guided by different optical systems and the respective optical systems can be adjusted, the position of each laser beam on the irradiation surface can be easily adjusted.
- the irradiation position control unit performs control to adjust the adjustment mechanism so that the irradiation position of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light on the object to be processed is a predetermined position in response to the detection result of the inspection light detection unit.
- the control of the irradiation position it is desirable to adjust the irradiation positions of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light so that the irradiation positions of both laser lights are relatively appropriate.
- the irradiation position control unit can be configured by a CPU and a program for operating the CPU, and holds data in which the irradiation position is associated with the adjustment amount by the adjustment mechanism, and calculates the necessary adjustment amount from the detection result to adjust the adjustment mechanism. It is possible to control a drive unit provided in the vehicle.
- the drive unit can be configured by a motor, a hydraulic device, or the like, and the present invention is not limited to a specific one.
- the laser processing apparatus of the present invention includes a synchrotron radiation detector that detects the intensity of synchrotron radiation generated from the irradiated surface on the object irradiated with visible laser light and near infrared laser light, and synchrotron radiation detection. Based on the correlation between the radiated light intensity and the irradiated surface temperature, the energy density of the visible laser light and near-infrared laser light before combining so that the irradiated surface has a predetermined temperature.
- a temperature controller for adjusting the temperature.
- a correlation between the emitted light intensity and the irradiated surface temperature is acquired in advance, and the temperature of the irradiated surface can be determined from the detected emitted light intensity based on this correlation.
- the temperature of the irradiated surface can be set to a predetermined temperature.
- the emitted light detection unit can be arranged at a fixed position or arranged to move in conjunction with the holding unit.
- the adjustment of the energy density and the power density with which the laser beam is irradiated on the object to be processed can be performed by adjusting the output of the laser light source.
- the energy density of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light can be adjusted by controlling the output adjusting unit for adjusting the outputs of the visible laser light source and the near infrared laser light source by the temperature control unit.
- the temperature controller controls the attenuators that adjust the transmittance of visible laser light in the visible optical system and the transmittance of near infrared laser light in the near infrared optical system, respectively.
- the energy density of the laser beam can be adjusted.
- the temperature control unit may control one of the output adjustment unit and the attenuator, or may control both.
- the laser process with respect to a to-be-processed object it is preferable to grasp the state (melting, non-melting, solidification, etc.) of the irradiation surface of the to-be-processed object irradiated with visible laser light and near-infrared laser light. Therefore, the reflected light of the near-infrared laser light that is a continuous wave irradiated to the object to be processed can be detected, and the irradiation surface state of the object to be processed can be measured using the detection result. The measurement can be performed by converting the detection result into data or visualizing, and the irradiation surface state can be determined by an observer or automatically by a computer.
- the irradiation surface state can be determined more accurately.
- Various determinations can be made by setting the light reception timing and the light reception time within the irradiation time. Intermittent light reception can be performed with a shutter such as a camera that detects reflected light, but a shutter can be arranged in the optical path of the reflected light and light reception can be adjusted with this shutter.
- visible laser light and near-infrared laser light can be irradiated from an oblique direction to the irradiation surface of the object to be processed so that the reflected light does not return to the multiplexing optical system.
- a half mirror or the like may be disposed in the optical path irradiated with visible laser light and near infrared laser light so that the laser light is transmitted in the irradiation direction and the laser light is reflected in the traveling direction of the reflected light. .
- the visible laser light output from the visible laser light source and the near infrared laser light output from the near infrared laser light source are guided by different optical systems, respectively.
- the combined visible laser light and near-infrared laser light are guided by a common optical system and irradiated onto the object to be processed. Therefore, the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light are high in an inexpensive apparatus configuration. Irradiation can be performed with controllability, and the object to be processed can be laser-treated with high productivity.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Similarly, it is the schematic which looked at the structural part containing a scanning part and a stage from the laser light source arrangement
- the laser processing apparatus of this embodiment has a visible laser light source G1 that outputs visible laser light GL1 that is a pulse wave, and a near-infrared laser light source R1 that outputs near-infrared laser light RL1 that is a continuous wave.
- the visible laser light source G1 is a laser oscillator that generates green laser light having a wavelength of 532 nm, which is a second harmonic of a YAG laser, by pulsing with an output of 50 W, an oscillation frequency of 10 kHz, and a pulse energy of 5 mJ, for example.
- the wavelength of the visible laser beam is not limited to a specific wavelength, but for example, a wavelength of 355 to 577 nm can be exemplified.
- the near-infrared laser light source R1 is, for example, a semiconductor laser that oscillates continuously at an output of 350 W and generates near-infrared laser light having a wavelength of 808 nm.
- the wavelength of the near-infrared laser beam is not limited to a specific one, but examples include those having a wavelength of 795 to 980 nm.
- An optical fiber G2 that guides the visible laser light GL1 is disposed on the laser light emission side of the visible laser light source G1.
- the optical fiber G2 may be connected to the light emission port of the visible laser light source G1, or may introduce visible laser light emitted from the visible laser light source G1.
- the optical fiber G2 has a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape of, for example, 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, and the visible laser light GL1 guided in the optical fiber G2 has a beam shape according to the waveguide cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber G2.
- the shape is shaped.
- the numerical aperture of the optical fiber G2 is 0.1, for example.
- a collimating lens G3 is arranged on the optical path after the laser beam emitting end of the optical fiber G2, and a dichroic mirror M1 is arranged so that the reflecting surface is inclined and opposed in the irradiation direction of the laser beam transmitted through the collimating lens G3.
- the focal length of the collimating lens G3 is, for example, 50 mm.
- the optical fiber G2 and the collimating lens G3 are components of the visible optical system GS of the present invention.
- the visible optical system GS may include other optical members.
- an optical fiber R2 that guides the near-infrared laser light RL1 is disposed on the laser light emission side of the near-infrared laser light source R1.
- the optical fiber R2 may be connected to the light emission port of the near infrared laser light source R1, or may introduce the near infrared laser light RL1 after being emitted from the near infrared laser light source R1.
- the optical fiber R2 has a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape of 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m, for example, and the near-infrared laser light RL1 guided in the optical fiber R2 is a beam according to the waveguide cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber R2.
- the shape is shaped into the shape.
- the numerical aperture of the optical fiber R2 is, for example, 0.22.
- a condensing lens R3 and an optical fiber R4 for condensing the near-infrared laser beam RL2 are sequentially arranged along the laser beam traveling direction on the optical path after the laser beam emission end of the optical fiber R2.
- the focal length of the condenser lens R3 is 100 mm, for example.
- the optical fiber R4 has, for example, a 200 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m square cross-sectional shape, and the near-infrared laser light RL3 focused by the condenser lens R3 and guided in the optical fiber R4 is the optical fiber R4.
- the beam shape is shaped in accordance with the waveguide cross-sectional shape.
- the numerical aperture of the optical fiber R4 is, for example, 0.1.
- a collimating lens R5 is disposed on the optical path after the laser light emitting end of the optical fiber R4, and the dichroic mirror M1 is disposed in the traveling direction of the laser light transmitted through the collimating lens R5.
- the transmitting surface is inclined and opposed to the traveling direction of the near-infrared laser beam.
- the focal length of the collimating lens R5 is, for example, 50 mm.
- the dichroic mirror M1 the direction in which the visible laser light GL3 is mainly reflected coincides with the direction in which the near-infrared laser light RL5 is mainly transmitted.
- the optical fiber R2, the condensing lens R3, the optical fiber R4, and the collimating lens R5 are components of the near-infrared optical system RS of the present invention. Note that the near-infrared optical system RS may include other optical members.
- a galvano mirror M2 On the optical path in the main reflection direction and main transmission direction of the dichroic mirror M1, a galvano mirror M2 is arranged, and an f ⁇ lens M3 is arranged in the reflection direction by the galvano mirror M2.
- a stage 2 that holds an object 1 such as a semiconductor wafer is disposed in the transmission direction of the f ⁇ lens M3.
- the focal length of the f ⁇ lens M3 is 100 mm, for example.
- the galvanometer mirror M1 can oscillate the reflection surface within a predetermined angle range, and thereby the reflection direction of the laser light incident on the galvanometer mirror M1 can be changed.
- the moving speed of the laser beam that moves on the workpiece 1 by the galvanometer mirror M1 is not particularly limited in the present invention, and examples thereof include a range of 0.01 to 2 m / sec.
- the dichroic mirror M1, the galvanometer mirror M2, and the f ⁇ lens M3 are components of the multiplexing optical system MS of the present invention.
- the multiplexing optical system MS may include other optical members.
- the dichroic mirror M1 corresponds to a multiplexing unit of the present invention, and the galvanometer mirror M2 and the f ⁇ lens M3 constitute a scanning unit of the present invention.
- the stage 2 corresponds to the holding unit of the present invention.
- the stage 2 is provided on a stage moving device 3 that can move the stage 2 in the X and Y directions.
- the stage moving device 3 corresponds to the holding unit moving device of the present invention.
- the moving speed by the stage moving device 3 is not particularly limited in the present invention, but a range of 0.01 to 1 mm / second can be exemplified as a preferable example.
- the direction in which a part of the visible laser beam GL3 is transmitted and the direction in which a part of the near-infrared laser beam RL5 is reflected coincide with each other, and the same focal point as the f ⁇ lens M3 is on this optical path.
- a condenser lens C1 having a distance is provided, and a CCD camera C2 is disposed at an image forming position by the condenser lens C1.
- the focal length of the condenser lens C1 is the same as the focal length of the f ⁇ lens M3, for example, 100 mm.
- the condenser lens C1 and the CCD camera C2 correspond to the inspection light detection unit of the present invention.
- the dichroic mirror M1 extracts part of the visible laser light and part of the near-infrared laser light RL5 as inspection light, and corresponds to the inspection light extraction unit of the present invention.
- the inspection light is extracted by the dichroic mirror M1.
- the extraction position and the extraction method are not limited to this.
- the extraction position is an area including the multiplexing optical system. It can be taken out at any point.
- the extraction can be performed using, for example, a half mirror.
- the intensity of radiation emitted from the irradiation surface of the object 1 irradiated with the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 is detected above the vicinity of the irradiation surface of the object 1 held on the stage 2.
- a synchrotron radiation detector T1 is disposed. The emitted light detection unit T1 is at a fixed position with respect to the multiplexing optical system MS.
- the control unit 5 controls the entire laser processing apparatus of the present embodiment, and is mainly configured by a CPU and a program for operating the CPU.
- the control unit 5 controls the movement of the stage moving device 3 and further controls the swing of the galvano mirror M2. Further, the control unit 5 controls the outputs of the visible laser light source G1 and the near infrared laser light source R1. Further, when the control unit 5 includes an adjustable attenuator (not shown) in the visible optical system and the near-infrared optical system, it is possible to perform control for adjusting the attenuation rate of the attenuator.
- control unit 5 the outputs of the visible laser light source G1 and the near infrared laser light source R1, the attenuation of the attenuators provided in the visible optical system and the near infrared optical system, according to the detection result of the radiated light detection unit T1.
- Control to adjust the rate can be performed. That is, the output of the laser light source and the attenuator are adjusted so that the temperature detected by the emitted light detection unit T1 falls within a predetermined range.
- the control unit 5 functions as a temperature control unit of the present invention.
- the emitted light detection unit T1 can detect the maximum temperature on the irradiation surface of the object 1 to be processed.
- the laser light is scanned and moved from the detection position, so that the temperature change in the irradiation surface with time can be detected. It can also be detected.
- the control unit 5 receives the imaging data of the CCD camera C2, and determines the irradiation position on the object 1 of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light guided by the multiplexing optical system. be able to. Therefore, the condensing lens C1 and the CCD camera 2 constitute an inspection light detection unit of the present invention.
- the visible laser light source G1 outputs visible laser light GL1.
- the near infrared laser light source R1 outputs a near infrared laser beam RL1.
- the visible laser beam GL1 output from the visible laser light source G1 is incident on one end in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber G2.
- the visible laser beam GL1 incident on the optical fiber G1 is guided in the optical fiber G1, and the beam shape is shaped into a square shape by the optical fiber G2 having a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape.
- the visible laser beam GL2 emitted from the laser beam emitting end of the optical fiber G2 is converted into parallel visible laser beam GL3 by the collimator lens G3, and then incident on one reflecting surface side of the dichroic mirror M1, and visible laser beam GL3. Is mainly reflected by this reflecting surface, and part of it is transmitted through the dichroic mirror M1.
- Near-infrared laser beam RL1 output from near-infrared laser light source R1 is incident on one end in the longitudinal direction of optical fiber R2.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL1 incident on the optical fiber R2 is guided in the optical fiber R2, and the beam shape is shaped into a square shape by the optical fiber R2 having a square cross-sectional shape. It is emitted as near infrared laser light RL2 from the other end in the direction.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL2 emitted from the optical fiber R2 is condensed by the condenser lens R3 to be a near-infrared laser beam RL3.
- Near-infrared laser beam RL3 is incident on one end in the longitudinal direction of optical fiber R4.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL3 incident on the optical fiber R4 is guided in the optical fiber R4, the beam shape of the optical fiber R4 having a square cross-sectional shape is shaped into a square shape, and the length of the optical fiber R4 is increased. It is emitted as near infrared laser light RL4 from the other end in the scale direction.
- the near-infrared laser light RL4 emitted from the optical fiber R4 is converted into parallel near-infrared laser light RL5 by the collimator lens R5 and then incident on the transmission surface side of the dichroic mirror M1.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL5 mainly passes through the dichroic mirror M1, and a part of the near-infrared laser beam RL5 is reflected on the reflecting surface side.
- the visible laser light GL4 obtained by reflection of the visible laser light GL3 and the near infrared laser light RL6 obtained by transmission of the near infrared laser light RL5 are combined as the processing light PL.
- the visible laser beam GL5 obtained by transmitting a part of the visible laser beam GL3 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 obtained by reflecting a part of the near-infrared laser beam RL5 are inspection light. Taken out as CL.
- the inspection light CL is condensed by the condenser lens C1 and imaged on the CCD camera 2.
- the visible laser beam GL5 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 constituting the inspection light CL are imaged.
- Imaging data from the CCD camera C2 is transmitted to the control unit 5 as described above, and it becomes possible to detect the irradiation positions of the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 on the object 1 to be processed.
- the imaging data transmitted to the control unit 5 may be displayed on an appropriate display so that the irradiation positions of the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 may be confirmed, and image analysis of the imaging data is performed.
- the irradiation position of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near infrared laser beam RL6 may be calculated to determine the relationship with the appropriate position.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 combined as the processing light PL by the dichroic mirror M1 are reflected while changing the reflection direction by the oscillating galvanometer mirror M2.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 reflected by the galvanometer mirror M2 are condensed on the object 1 to be processed by the f ⁇ lens M3 and move on the object 1 at a constant speed.
- the oscillation of the galvanometer mirror M2 may be either continuous or intermittent.
- the stage 2 is moved by the stage moving device 3, so that the irradiation positions of the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 on the object to be processed 1 are widened.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 can be irradiated over the entire surface of the target region of the target object 1.
- the movement of the stage 2 by the stage moving device 3 may be either continuous or intermittent.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 are scanned on the workpiece 1 at a relatively high speed by the galvanometer mirror M2, and the stage 2 is moved at a relatively low speed by the stage moving device 3, thereby moving the stage.
- the burden on the apparatus 3 can be reduced, and the generation of vibrations caused by the operation of the stage moving apparatus 3 can be minimized.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the locus of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 that are scanned while the irradiation position on the object 1 is moved as described above.
- the workpiece 1 is moved by the stage moving device 3 in the X direction at a speed Ux.
- the stage 2 can be moved by the stage moving device 3 either continuously or intermittently. In this embodiment, the stage 2 is moved continuously.
- the irradiation positions of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 are moved in the Y direction at the speed Vy by the galvano mirror M2, and the object 1 is moved.
- the irradiation positions of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 actually move at the direction and speed in which the Y-direction velocity Vy and the X-direction velocity ⁇ Vx are combined.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 are irradiated on the object 1 in an overlapping direction. In FIG. 3, the composition of speed is not shown, and the irradiation position is shown simply.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 move in the Y direction by the scan length due to the oscillation of the galvanometer mirror M2, and then reverse the direction in the Y direction to velocity in the Y direction -Vy, velocity in the X direction Move with -Vx.
- the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 can be irradiated over a wide area of the object 1 to be processed.
- the workpiece 1 When processing a region other than the region processed by the reciprocating movement in the Y direction and the moving in the X direction, the workpiece 1 is moved in the Y direction by the stage moving device 3 as necessary, and the same operation as above is repeated. Thus, it is possible to perform processing by laser light irradiation on the entire necessary region of the object 1 to be processed.
- the scan length for reciprocating the irradiation position is preferably larger than the width of each device formed on the workpiece 1. This is because the irradiation condition of the laser beam changes when reversing the direction in which the irradiation position is moved. Therefore, it is easier to manage the process if the region for changing the moving direction is not used for the device region. Further, it is preferable that the scan length is short. This is because as the scan length is shorter, more temperature measurement points by the radiated light detection unit T1 can be secured on the object 1 to be processed, and a smaller f ⁇ lens M3 can be used, thereby reducing the apparatus cost. Because it can.
- the silicon wafer is irradiated with green laser light and near infrared laser light, which are visible light laser lights, as the object to be processed 1
- the visible laser light source G1 a laser oscillator that generates green laser light having a wavelength of 532 nm by pulsating with an output of 50 W, an oscillation frequency of 10 kHz, and a pulse energy of 5 mJ is used, and an optical fiber G2 having a rectangular cross section of 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m And having a numerical aperture of 0.1.
- the visible laser beam GL2 emitted from the optical fiber G2 is reflected by the dichroic mirror M1 as the parallel laser beam visible laser beam GL3 by the f50 mm collimating lens G3, and further reflected by the oscillating galvanometer mirror M2 and f100 mm f ⁇ lens M3.
- the silicon wafer is irradiated with visible laser light GL4 having a top flat intensity and a wavelength of 532 nm in a beam shape of 200 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m on the stage 2.
- the visible laser beam GL4 has a maximum energy density of 10 J / cm 2 on the irradiation surface of the silicon wafer, and has an energy density sufficient to melt the silicon wafer.
- the near-infrared laser light source R1 a semiconductor laser light source that generates near-infrared laser light having a wavelength of 808 nm by continuous oscillation at an output of 350 W is used as the near-infrared laser light source R1, and the optical fiber R2 has a 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m square cross-sectional shape. Then, an optical fiber having a numerical aperture of 0.22 is used, and an optical fiber having a square sectional shape of 200 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m and a numerical aperture of 0.1 is used as the optical fiber R4.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL4 emitted from the optical fiber R4 is converted into a parallel light beam by the f50 mm collimating lens R5 to be a near-infrared laser beam RL5, and after passing through the dichroic mirror M1, is reflected by the oscillating galvanometer mirror M2,
- the light is condensed by an f ⁇ lens M3 of f100 mm, and a visible laser beam GL4 having a beam shape of 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m with a top flat intensity and a wavelength of 808 nm is irradiated on the same position as the visible laser beam GL4 on the silicon wafer.
- the near-infrared laser beam RL5 has a maximum power density of 175 kW / cm 2 on the irradiation surface of the silicon wafer, and has a power density sufficient to melt the silicon wafer.
- a visible laser beam GL4 having a wavelength of 532 nm irradiated in an irradiation region of 200 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m and a near-red wavelength of 808 nm irradiated in an irradiation region of 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m
- the speeds Vy and Vx are respectively calculated by the following equations.
- Vy beam width W ⁇ (1-Sy) ⁇ oscillation frequency
- R Vx beam length L ⁇ (1-Sx) ⁇ Vy / scan length D
- Sy the overlap rate in the Y direction
- the irradiation time per 200 mm wafer is 100 seconds
- Embodiment 2 Next, a laser processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
- symbol is attached
- the irradiation positions of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6 on the object 1 to be processed may be shifted from each other as well as being aligned at appropriate positions. When the irradiation positions of both laser beams are shifted, there is a possibility that the processing cannot be performed properly.
- This embodiment has a mechanism for adjusting the deviation of the irradiation position of the visible laser beam GL4 and the near-infrared laser beam RL6.
- an adjustment mechanism 4a for adjusting the position and the waveguide direction is provided for the optical fiber G2 and the collimating lens G3 constituting the visible optical system GS.
- An adjustment mechanism 4b that adjusts the position and the waveguide direction is provided for the optical fiber R2, the condensing lens R3, the optical fiber R4, and the collimating lens R5 that constitute the near-infrared optical system RS.
- the control unit 5 is connected to the CCD camera C2, and imaging data captured by the CCD camera C2 is transmitted to the control unit 5.
- the adjustment mechanism 4a, 4b is connected to the control unit 5 in a controllable manner.
- the control unit 5 of this embodiment functions as an irradiation position control unit of the present invention.
- the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 are irradiated to the object 1 as in the laser processing apparatus of the first embodiment.
- the CCD camera C2 the visible laser beam GL5 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 in the inspection light CL collected by the condenser lens C1 are imaged, and imaging data of both laser beams is transmitted to the control unit 5. .
- the CCD camera C2 detects the irradiation positions of both laser beams (step s1). Therefore, the condensing lens C1 and the CCD camera C2 cooperate to function as an inspection light detection unit.
- the control unit 5 acquires imaging data transmitted from the CCD camera C2, and determines the irradiation positions of the visible laser beam GL5 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 by image analysis (step s2).
- the visible laser beam GL5 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 are picked up by the same CCD camera C2.
- the visible laser beam GL5 and the near-infrared laser beam RL7 have different wavelengths or the like. They may be separated by using them to enable detection of each irradiation position.
- the control unit 5 determines whether or not the irradiation positions of the visible laser light GL4 and the near-infrared laser light RL6 on the target object 1 are deviated from the appropriate positions.
- Step s3 Data on the appropriate position is secured in advance, a threshold value of the deviation from the appropriate position is determined, and it can be determined that there is a deviation when the deviation at the predetermined position is greater than or equal to the threshold, and no deviation when the deviation is less than the threshold.
- the threshold value can be configured to be stored in a non-volatile storage unit provided in the control unit 5 together with data of an appropriate position and read out as necessary.
- step s4 it is determined whether there is a position shift of the visible laser beam. If there is a positional deviation of the visible laser beam (step s4, YES), the adjustment mechanism 4a is controlled so as to eliminate the positional deviation and the position of the visible optical system and the waveguide direction are adjusted (step s5). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the near infrared laser beam is misaligned (step s6). If there is no position shift of the visible laser beam in step s4, the process proceeds to step s6 to determine whether or not there is a position shift of the near infrared laser beam.
- step s6, YES If there is a position shift of the near-infrared laser light (step s6, YES), the adjustment mechanism 4b is controlled so that the position shift is eliminated to adjust the position of the near-infrared optical system and the waveguide direction ( Step s7). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the relative positions of the visible laser light and the near-infrared laser light are not shifted (step s8). If there is no position shift of the near-infrared laser beam in step s6, the process proceeds to step s8. If there is no relative displacement in step s8, the process ends. If there is a relative displacement, the process returns to step s4 to repeat the determination of the displacement of the visible laser light and near infrared laser light.
- step s3 it may be possible to eliminate the relative deviation of the irradiation position by using a stricter threshold for determining the deviation of the irradiation position in step s3. According to the above procedure, it is possible to appropriately maintain the irradiation position of the visible laser beam and the near infrared laser beam on the object to be processed based on the inspection light.
- the positional deviation of each of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light and the relative positional deviation between them are determined. However, the positional deviation of each of the visible laser light and the near infrared laser light. Only the determination may be made to correct the positional deviation, or only the relative positional deviation between the two laser beams may be determined to correct the positional deviation.
- the laser processing apparatus of this embodiment has a visible laser light source G1 that outputs visible laser light GL10 that is a pulse wave, and a near-infrared laser light source R1 that outputs near-infrared laser light RL10 that is a continuous wave. Yes.
- the visible laser light source G1 pulsates with, for example, an output of 50 W, an oscillation frequency of 10 kHz, and a pulse energy of 5 mJ, and generates a green laser beam having a wavelength of 532 nm and a pulse width of 100 ns, which is a second harmonic of the YAG laser.
- the wavelength of the visible laser light in the visible laser light source G1 is not limited to a specific one, but for example, a wavelength of 355 to 577 nm can be exemplified.
- the near-infrared laser light source R1 continuously oscillates at an output of 350 W, for example, and generates near-infrared laser light having a wavelength of 808 nm.
- the wavelength of the near-infrared laser light RL10 in the near-infrared laser light source R1 is not limited to a specific wavelength, but for example, a wavelength of 795 to 980 nm can be exemplified.
- An optical fiber G2 that guides the visible laser light GL10 is disposed on the laser light emission side of the visible laser light source G1.
- the optical fiber G2 has a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape of, for example, 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, and the visible laser light GL10 guided in the optical fiber G2 has a beam shape according to the waveguide cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber G2. The shape is shaped.
- a collimating lens G3 is disposed on the optical path after the laser light emitting end of the optical fiber G2, and one reflecting surface is inclined with respect to the irradiation direction in the irradiation direction of the laser light transmitted through the collimating lens G3. In this way, the dichroic mirror M1 is arranged.
- the focal length of the collimating lens G3 is, for example, 50 mm.
- the optical fiber G2 and the collimating lens G3 are components of the visible optical system GS1.
- the visible optical system GS1 may include other optical members.
- An optical fiber R2 that guides the near-infrared laser beam RL10 is disposed on the laser beam emission side of the near-infrared laser light source R1.
- the optical fiber R2 has a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape of 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 400 ⁇ m, for example, and the near-infrared laser light RL10 guided in the optical fiber R2 is a beam according to the waveguide cross-sectional shape of the optical fiber R2.
- the shape is shaped into the shape, and the near-infrared laser beam RL11 is emitted.
- a collimating lens R5 is disposed on the optical path after the laser light emitting end of the optical fiber R2, and a dichroic mirror M6 is disposed in the traveling direction of the laser light transmitted through the collimating lens R5.
- the dichroic mirror M6 has a transmission surface inclined with respect to the traveling direction of the near-infrared laser beam RL12.
- the focal length of the collimating lens R5 is, for example, 50 mm.
- the direction in which 808 nm light is transmitted, the light in 532 nm is reflected, and the visible laser beam GL12 is reflected on the reflection surface coincides with the direction in which the near-infrared laser beam RL12 is transmitted through the transmission surface.
- the optical fiber R2 and the collimating lens R5 are components of the near infrared optical system RS1.
- the near infrared optical system RS1 may include other optical members.
- An optical fiber M4 is disposed on the optical path in the direction in which the visible laser beam GL12 is reflected by the reflecting surface and the direction in which the near-infrared laser beam RL12 is transmitted through the transmitting surface by the dichroic mirror M1.
- the optical fiber M4 has, for example, a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape of 400 ⁇ m ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, and the visible laser light GL12 and the near-infrared laser light RL12 guided in the optical fiber M4 are the same as those of the optical fiber R2.
- the beam shape is shaped into the shape according to the waveguide cross-sectional shape.
- a collimating lens M5 is disposed on the optical path after the laser light emitting end of the optical fiber M4, and a mirror M6 is disposed in the traveling direction of the laser light transmitted through the collimating lens M5.
- the mirror M6 can scan while reciprocating the laser beam in a direction crossing the traveling direction of the laser beam, and can be configured by a galvano mirror or the like.
- the focal length of the collimating lens M5 is, for example, 100 mm.
- the projection lens M7 is arranged in the direction of reflection by the mirror M6.
- a stage 2 that holds an object 1 such as a semiconductor wafer is disposed in the transmission direction of the projection lens M7.
- the projection lens M7 can be configured by an f ⁇ lens or the like.
- the irradiation light path of the laser light that passes through the projection lens M7 is inclined with respect to the surface of the object 1 to be processed, and the light reflected by the surface of the object 1 is not returned to the irradiation light path of the laser light. .
- a half mirror or the like is arranged in the irradiation light path, the irradiated laser light is transmitted and reaches the object to be processed 1, and the light reflected from the object to be processed 1 is reflected by the half mirror.
- the dichroic mirror M1, the optical fiber M4, the collimating lens M5, the mirror M6, and the projection lens M7 are components of the multiplexing optical system MS1.
- the multiplexing optical system MS1 may include other optical members.
- the reflected light reflected from the irradiation surface of the target object 1 irradiated with the processing light PL3 composed of visible laser light and near-infrared laser light is provided above the vicinity of the irradiation surface of the target object 1 held on the stage 2.
- a reflected light detector T2 that receives and detects F1 is disposed.
- the reflected light detection unit T2 is at a fixed position with respect to the multiplexing optical system MS1.
- the reflected light detection unit T2 receives and detects near-infrared laser light that is a continuous wave, but a near-infrared laser beam is provided by arranging a wavelength filter or the like in the optical path of the reflected light or the reflected light detection unit T2.
- the transmitted light may be received and detected by the reflected light detector T2, or the visible light laser beam and the near infrared laser beam may be received, and then the near infrared laser beam may be separated and detected. It may be.
- the detection result of the reflected light detection unit T2 is transmitted to the reflected light measurement unit T3.
- the visible laser light source G1 outputs visible laser light GL10
- the near-infrared laser light source R1 outputs near-infrared laser light RL10.
- the visible laser light GL10 output from the visible laser light source G1 is incident on the optical fiber G2, guided in the optical fiber G1, and the beam shape is squared by the optical fiber G2 having a rectangular waveguide cross-sectional shape. It is shaped and emitted as visible laser light GL11 from the laser light emitting end of the optical fiber G2.
- the visible laser beam GL11 is shaped into a collimated visible laser beam GL12 by the collimator lens G3, and is incident on one reflecting surface side of the dichroic mirror M1, and the visible laser beam GL12 is mainly reflected by the reflecting surface, and a part thereof is dichroic. It passes through the mirror M1.
- the near-infrared laser light RL10 output from the near-infrared laser light source R1 is incident on the optical fiber R2, guided in the optical fiber R2, and shaped in the beam direction by the optical fiber R2 having a square cross-sectional shape. After being shaped into a shape, it is emitted as a near infrared laser beam RL11 from the laser beam emitting end of the optical fiber R2.
- Near-infrared laser beam RL11 is shaped into collimated near-infrared laser beam RL12 by collimating lens R5 and incident on one transmission surface side of dichroic mirror M1, and near-infrared laser beam RL12 mainly transmits through the transmission surface. However, part of the light is reflected by the dichroic mirror M1.
- the visible laser beam GL12 transmitted through the dichroic mirror M1 and the near-infrared laser beam RL12 reflected by the dichroic mirror M1 can be extracted and used as inspection light in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
- the visible laser beam GL12 reflected by the dichroic mirror M1 and the near-infrared laser beam RL12 transmitted through the dichroic mirror M1 are combined as the processing light PL1.
- the processing light PL1 is incident on one end in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber M4, guided in the optical fiber M4, and the beam shape of the optical fiber M4 having a square cross-sectional shape is shaped into a square shape. It is emitted as processing light PL2 from the other end in the longitudinal direction.
- the processing light PL2 is incident on the collimating lens M5, converted into parallel processing light PL3 by the collimating lens M5, then incident on the mirror M6, and the processing light PL3 reflected by the mirror M6 passes through the projection lens M7. 1 is irradiated while being scanned back and forth in the Y direction from an oblique direction.
- the target object 1 on the stage 2 is moved in the X direction by the stage moving device 3 during the irradiation of the laser beam and is subjected to predetermined processing.
- the A part of the processing light PL3 is reflected by this irradiation, and the reflected light F1 passes through an optical path different from the irradiation optical path and is reflected by the mirror TM1, and then the near-infrared laser light is received and detected by the reflected light detection unit T2. .
- the near-infrared laser beam may be transmitted through the wavelength filter.
- the detection result of the reflected light detection unit T2 is transmitted to the reflected light measurement unit T3 so that the reflected light measurement unit T3 can evaluate the state of the irradiated surface by imaging, image analysis, or digitization. To do.
- the operator may observe the measurement result and evaluate the state of the irradiated surface, or the reflected light measurement unit T3 may automatically perform the evaluation. Good.
- the reflected light measuring unit T3 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the received continuous wave.
- a continuous wave used for processing is used for monitoring without requiring a complicated apparatus configuration, and the state of the object to be processed (melting, solidification, etc.) due to a change in reflectance state on the irradiation surface ) Can be measured.
- the continuous wave has a constant intensity due to continuous oscillation, so that the intensity change of the reflected light can be regarded as the state change of the irradiated surface. Even if the continuous wave is not used for processing, the continuous wave can be used exclusively for monitoring.
- the state of the irradiated surface is grasped by continuously receiving and detecting continuous waves.
- a camera or the like is used as the reflected light receiving unit, it is difficult to accurately detect a change in the state of the irradiated surface due to pulse irradiation depending on the performance of the camera shooting speed. For this reason, it is possible to more accurately grasp the state change by detecting the light by the reflected light detection unit every extremely short time.
- FIG. 7 the same components as those in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof can be omitted or simplified.
- a shutter TM2 that opens and closes the reflected light path is disposed on the front side of the reflected light path from which the laser beam is reflected from the irradiation surface of the object to be processed and reaching the reflected light receiving unit T2.
- the shutter TM2 may be either the front side or the rear side of the mirror TM1 on the reflected light path. In this embodiment, it is arranged on the rear side of the mirror TM1.
- the shutter TM2 is controlled to be opened and closed by a control unit that controls the entire laser processing apparatus, and is controlled to open only within the irradiation time for each pulse of the visible laser beam.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the pulse wave and the opening / closing timing of the shutter TM2.
- the reflected light receiving unit T2 by receiving a continuous wave within an extremely short time when the shutter TM2 is open, it is possible to more accurately grasp the state of the irradiation surface of the workpiece 1 using the afterimage effect. .
- the time during which the shutter TM2 is open can be appropriately selected as long as it is within the irradiation time for each pulse.
- the shutter TM2 can be controlled to open in accordance with the time zone during which melting is most advanced.
- the laser processing apparatus of the present invention performs processing of a target object by irradiating the target object with visible laser light and near-infrared laser light, and the target object and the content of the processing are not limited to specific ones. However, it is suitable for an annealing process using a semiconductor as an object to be processed. Examples of the semiconductor include a semiconductor wafer and a substrate in which a semiconductor thin film is formed. As the processing contents, amorphous crystallization, semiconductor modification, and the like can be exemplified as suitable ones.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1には、いずれも連続発振レーザ光である第1のレーザ光と、第1のレーザ光とは異なる波長を有する第2のレーザ光とを、半導体ウエハーの同じ面に同時に照射して半導体ウエハー中に注入された不純物の活性化を行う半導体装置の製造方法が記載されている。特許文献1には、第1のレーザ光および第2のレーザ光の半導体ウエハー上での移動速度は同一であり、第1のレーザ光および第2のレーザ光の移動方向のビームスポットサイズを制御することにより両レーザ光の照射時間を制御して、半導体ウエハーの深さ方向の温度分布を制御することが記載されている。また、特許文献1には、ステージを駆動して半導体ウエハーを一定速度で移動させることにより、第1のレーザ光および第2のレーザ光の半導体ウエハー上の照射位置を一定速度で移動させることが記載されている。
また、特許文献2には、基本波光パルスと高調波光パルスとを被照射試料に集光照射する二波長レーザ表面処理装置において、基本波光パルスあるいは高調波光パルスのいずれかを遅延させて、両パルスの間に、少なくとも光パルスのパルス時間幅以上の遅延を与えることが記載されている。
まず、連続発振レーザ光を使用する場合に、ステージを移動させることによりレーザ光の半導体ウエハー上の照射位置を移動させたのでは、1μ秒以下のような短時間の照射時間を実現することが困難である。例えば、1μ秒以下の照射時間を実現するためには、半導体ウエハー上に集光するレーザ光のビーム幅が10μmの場合、10m/秒もの高速度でステージを移動させる必要がある。このように高速度でステージを移動させると、レーザ光の照射位置周辺に乱気流などが発生し、その結果、半導体ウエハーを安定して所定の温度に加熱することが困難になると考えられる。
また、ステージを移動させてレーザ光を走査する構成では、半導体ウエハー全面にレーザ光を照射するためにステージの移動を折り返す必要がある。この場合、ライン状に整形したレーザ光のビーム長が数mmであると、半導体ウエハーの大きさと比較してビーム長が小さいため、ステージの移動を折り返す回数が多くなる。ステージは重量があるため、移動の折り返しのための加減速には1秒程度の時間を要する。このため、例えば、ビーム長2mm程度のレーザ光を200mm半導体ウエハーの全面に照射する場合には、半導体ウエハー1枚当たり、100回×1秒=100秒の折り返しに要する時間が照射時間以外に必要となり、生産性が低いものとなる。
前記可視レーザ光と前記近赤外レーザ光とを合波して被処理体に導波する合波光学系と、を有することを特徴とする。
前記合波光学系は、前記可視光学系により導波された前記可視レーザ光と、前記近赤外光学系により導波された前記近赤外レーザ光とを合波して前記被処理体に導波することを特徴とする。
前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体上の照射面から反射される前記近赤外レーザ光を受光する反射光検出部と、
前記反射光検出部の検出結果を受けて、前記被処理体照射面の状態を計測する照射面計測部と、を備えることを特徴とする。
前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体上の照射面から反射される前記近赤外レーザ光を検出し、
前記検出結果に基づいて、前記被処理体照射面の状態を判定することを特徴とする。
なお、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光は、それぞれ異なる光学系によって導波し、合波光学系で合波して導波することができる。
なお、後述の合波光学系で導波される可視レーザ光は、パルス波であることが好ましく、合波光学系で導波される近赤外レーザ光は、連続波であることが好ましい。被処理体に対して短時間照射することが好ましい可視レーザ光をパルス波とする一方で、可視レーザ光よりも長時間照射することが好ましい近赤外レーザ光を連続波とすることにより、複数のパルス発振レーザのみを用いる場合と比較して高価な連続発振レーザを使用する数を低減するとともに、レーザ照射による被処理体の熱処理を高いエネルギー効率で行うことができる。
また、可視光学系は、ビーム形状整形部によりビーム形状が整形された可視レーザ光を平行光とするコリメートレンズやホモジナイザなどを有するものであってもよい。
また、近赤外光学系は、ビーム形状整形部によりビーム形状が整形された近赤外レーザ光を平行光とするコリメートレンズやホモジナイザなどを有するものであってもよい。
合波光学系が有する走査部により可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光の照射位置を移動させることにより、被処理体を保持するステージを頻繁に折り返し移動させる必要をなくすか、その頻度を大幅に小さくすることができる。これにより、高い生産性で被処理体に対してレーザ処理を行うことができる。
なお、走査部は、例えば、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光の照射方向を連続的または間欠的に変化させるガルバノミラーと、ガルバノミラーにより照射方向が変えられた可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光を被処理体上で集光しつつ等速度で移動させるfθレンズとを有するもので構成することができる。
例えば、保持部移動装置により保持部を一定方向に移動させることにより、被処理体を一定方向に移動させつつ、被処理体が移動する方向と交差する方向に、走査部により可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光の照射位置を繰り返し往復して移動させる。これにより、被処理体の処理領域全面にわたって可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光を効率よく照射することができる。
なお、本発明としては検査光の取り出し位置が特に限定されるものではなく、合波光学系の光学部材や、合波光学系の領域にある光路の任意の位置で取り出すことができる。
また、検査光検出部としては、例えば、CCDカメラを用いることができるが、本発明としては特に限定されるものではなく、適宜の光学センサを用いるものであってもよい。
また、検査光取出し部と検査光検出部との間には、上記走査部におけるfθレンズの焦点距離と同一の焦点距離を有する集光レンズを配置し、この集光レンズにより、検査光を検査光検出部に集光するようにしてもよい。この場合、実際に被処理体上に可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光を集光するfθレンズの焦点距離と同一の焦点距離を有する集光レンズにより検査光検出部に検査光を集光するため、被処理体上における可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光の相対的な照射位置をより正確に把握して管理することができる。
上記調整では、光学系全体の位置や導波方向を調整してもよく、光学系の一部、例えば光ファイバやミラー、レンズの位置や配置方向、傾斜方向を変えることで調整してもよい。光ファイバは、配置位置や配置方向の変更によってレーザ光の照射位置を容易に変更することができる。
可視レーザ光と近赤外レーザ光とを異なる光学系で導波し、それぞれの光学系の調整を可能にすれば、照射面における各レーザ光の位置を容易に調整することができる。
そこで、本発明のレーザ処理装置には、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光が照射された被処理体上の照射面から発生する放射光の強度を検出する放射光検出部と、放射光検出部の検出結果を受けて、放射光強度と照射面温度との相関関係に基づいて、照射面が所定の温度を有するように、合波前の可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光のエネルギー密度を調整する温度制御部とを設けることができる。放射光強度と照射面温度との相関関係を予め取得しておき、この相関関係に基づき、検出された放射光強度から照射面の温度を判定することができる。この温度の判定結果に基づき、合波前の可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光のエネルギー密度を調整することにより、照射面の温度を所定の温度とすることができる。放射光検出部は、固定された位置に配置したり、保持部と連動して移動するように配置したりすることができる。これにより、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光が合波光学系の走査部で走査される際に、また照射位置が移動する際に、レーザ光が照射された照射面の温度変動を検知することができる。従来装置のように、レーザ光と放射光検出部とが固定された位置関係にあると、現に照射されている位置のみ、温度の測定を行うことができ、照射時以降の温度の経時変化を検知することができない。
そこで、被処理体に照射された連続波である近赤外レーザ光の反射光を検出し、その検出結果を利用して被処理体の照射面状態を測定することができる。該測定は、検出結果をデータ化したり、視認化したりすることにより行うことができ、照射面状態の判定は、観察者が行ったり、コンピュータにより自動的に行ったりすることができる。
なお、上記反射光の検出では、出力が安定した連続波を用いることでより的確な判定を行うことができるが、連続波を間欠的に受光することで測定効果を上げることができる。さらに、パルス波の周期に合わせてパルス毎に照射時間内で反射光を間欠的に受光することで、より的確な照射面状態の判定を行うことができる。照射時間内で受光時期や受光時間を設定することで多様な判定を行うことができる。間欠的な受光は、反射光を検出するカメラなどのシャッターで行うこともできるが、反射光の光路にシャッターを配置し、このシャッターによって受光を調整することもできる。
また、この反射光が合波光学系に戻らないように、被処理体の照射面に対し、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光を斜め方向から照射することができる。また、可視レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光が照射される光路にハーフミラーなどを配置し、照射方向ではレーザ光が透過し、反射光の進行方向ではレーザ光が反射されるようにしてもよい。
本発明の一実施形態のレーザ処理装置を図1、図2に基づいて説明する。
本実施形態のレーザ処理装置は、パルス波である可視レーザ光GL1を出力する可視レーザ光源G1と、連続波である近赤外レーザ光RL1を出力する近赤外レーザ光源R1とを有している。
可視レーザ光源G1は、例えば、出力50W、発振周波数10kHz、パルスエネルギー5mJでパルス発振して、YAGレーザの2倍波である波長532nmの緑色レーザ光を発生するレーザ発振器である。なお、本発明としては可視レーザ光の波長は特定のものに限定されないが、例えば355~577nmのものを例示することができる。
また、近赤外レーザ光源R1は、例えば、出力350Wで連続発振して、波長808nmの近赤外レーザ光を発生する半導体レーザである。なお、本発明としては近赤外レーザ光の波長は特定のものに限定されないが、例えば795~980nmのものを例示することができる。
光ファイバG2、コリメートレンズG3は、本発明の可視光学系GSの構成要素である。なお、可視光学系GSには、その他の光学部材を含むものであってもよい。
光ファイバR2、集光レンズR3、光ファイバR4、コリメートレンズR5は、本発明の近赤外光学系RSの構成要素である。なお、近赤外光学系RSには、その他の光学部材を含むものであってもよい。
ダイクロイックミラーM1は、本発明の合波部に相当し、ガルバノミラーM2およびfθレンズM3は、本発明の走査部を構成する。また、ステージ2は、本発明の保持部に相当する。
ステージ2は、ステージ2をX、Y方向に移動可能なステージ移動装置3上に設けられている。ステージ移動装置3は、本発明の保持部移動装置に相当する。
ステージ移動装置3による移動速度は、本発明としては特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、0.01~1mm/秒の範囲を好適例として例示することができる。
集光レンズC1およびCCDカメラC2は、本発明の検査光検出部に相当する。ダイクロイックミラーM1は、可視レーザ光の一部と近赤外レーザ光RL5の一部を検査光として取り出すものであり、本発明の検査光取出し部に相当する。
なお、この実施形態では、ダイクロイックミラーM1によって検査光を取り出すものとして説明したが、取り出し位置や取り出し方法はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば取り出し位置は、合波光学系が含まれる領域のどの地点においても取り出しが可能である。取り出しは、例えばハーフミラーなどを用いて取り出すことができる。
制御部5では、ステージ移動装置3の移動を制御し、さらにガルバノミラーM2の揺動を制御する。さらに、制御部5では、可視レーザ光源G1、近赤外レーザ光源R1の出力を制御する。また、制御部5では、可視光学系、近赤外光学系に図示していない調整可能な減衰器を備える場合、該減衰器の減衰率を調整する制御を行うことができる。
さらに、制御部5では、放射光検出部T1の検出結果に応じて、可視レーザ光源G1、近赤外レーザ光源R1の出力や、可視光学系、近赤外光学系に備えられる減衰器の減衰率を調整する制御を行うことができる。すなわち、放出光検出部T1によって検出される温度が所定の範囲になるように、レーザ光源の出力や減衰器の調整を行う。この場合、制御部5は、本発明の温度制御部としての機能を果たす。なお、上記放射光検出部T1では、被処理体1の照射面における最高温度を検知することができ、さらにレーザ光が走査されて検知位置から移動することで照射面における経時的な温度変化を検知することもできる。
また、制御部5では、CCDカメラC2の撮像データを受けて、合波光学系で導波される可視レーザ光と近赤外レーザ光の、前記被処理体1上での照射位置を判定することができる。したがって、集光レンズC1、CCDカメラ2は、本発明の検査光検出部を構成する。
ステージ2上には、レーザ処理を行うべき半導体ウエハーなどの被処理体1が載置されて保持される。
可視レーザ光源G1では、可視レーザ光GL1が出力される。これとともに、近赤外レーザ光源R1では、近赤外レーザ光RL1が出力される。
可視レーザ光源G1から出力された可視レーザ光GL1は、光ファイバG2の長尺方向一端に入射される。光ファイバG1に入射された可視レーザ光GL1は、光ファイバG1内を導波し、方形状の導波断面形状を有する光ファイバG2によってビーム形状が方形状に整形され、光ファイバG2の長尺方向他端から可視レーザ光GL2として出射される。
光ファイバG2のレーザ光出射端から出射された可視レーザ光GL2は、コリメートレンズG3により平行光の可視レーザ光GL3とされた後、ダイクロイックミラーM1の一反射面側に入射され、可視レーザ光GL3は主にこの反射面で反射され、一部はダイクロイックミラーM1を透過する。
光ファイバR4から出射された近赤外レーザ光RL4は、コリメートレンズR5により平行光の近赤外レーザ光RL5とされた後、ダイクロイックミラーM1の透過面側に入射される。近赤外レーザ光RL5は主にダイクロイックミラーM1を透過し、一部は反射面側で反射する。
また、ダイクロイックミラーM1では、可視レーザ光GL3の一部が透過して得られる可視レーザ光GL5と近赤外レーザ光RL5の一部が反射して得られる近赤外レーザ光RL7とが検査光CLとして取り出される。
また、上記ガルバノミラーM2の揺動に加えて、ステージ移動装置3によってステージ2を移動させることで、被処理体1上での可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6の照射位置を広範囲に移動させることが可能になり、被処理体1の被処理領域全面にわたって可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6を照射することができる。ステージ移動装置3によるステージ2の移動は、連続的、間欠的のいずれであってもよい。
なお、ガルバノミラーM2によって可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6を被処理体1上で比較的高速に走査し、ステージ移動装置3によってステージ2を比較的低速で移動させることで、ステージ移動装置3の負担を軽減でき、また、ステージ移動装置3の動作による振動の発生などを極力小さくすることができる。
被処理体1は、ステージ移動装置3によってX方向に速度Uxで移動されるものとする。ステージ移動装置3によるステージ2の移動は、連続的に行うもの、間欠的に行うもののいずれであってもよい。この実施形態では、ステージ2の移動は連続的に行われるものとする。
X方向に速度Uxで移動する被処理体1上では、可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6の照射位置は、ガルバノミラーM2によりY方向に速度Vyで移動し、被処理体1の移動に伴って相対的にX方向に速度-Vx(=-Ux)で移動する。なお、可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6の照射位置は、実際には、Y方向速度Vy、X方向速度-Vxが合成された方向および速度で移動することになり、X方向およびY方向で可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6が被処理体1上にオーバラップ照射されることになる。図3では、速度の合成は示さず、照射位置を簡略に示している。
また、スキャン長は短い方が好ましい。これは、スキャン長が短いほど、放射光検出部T1による温度測定点を被処理体1上により多く確保することができ、また、より小さいfθレンズM3を用いることができ、装置コストを低減することができるからである。
可視レーザ光源G1として、出力50W、発振周波数10kHz、パルスエネルギー5mJでパルス発振して波長532nmの緑色レーザ光を発生するレーザ発振器を使用し、光ファイバG2として、100μm×100μmの方形状の断面形状を有し、開口数が0.1のものを使用する。
ここで、速度VyおよびVxは、下記式によりそれぞれ算出される。
Vy=ビーム幅W×(1-Sy)×発振周波数R
Vx=ビーム長L×(1-Sx)×Vy/スキャン長D
ただし、Syは、Y方向におけるオーバーラップ率、Sxは、X方向におけるオーバーラップ率である。
トップフラットビームのため、Sx=Sy=0、L=W=200μm、R=10kHzとし、Dがシリコンウエハー上に製作するデバイスの大きさより長くしてD=20mmのとき、Vy=2m/秒、Vx=20mm/秒となる。
このとき、200mmウエハー一枚あたりの照射時間は100秒、近赤外レーザ光の1箇所あたりの照射時間は0.4mm÷2m/秒=200μ秒、最大エネルギー密度175kW/cm2×200μ秒=35J/cm2である。
次に、本発明の他の実施形態のレーザ処理装置を図4に基づいて説明する。なお、上記実施形態1と同様の構成については同一の符号を付して説明を省略または簡略化する。
被処理体1上での可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6の照射位置は、適正位置に揃う場合のみならず、互いにずれる場合がある。両レーザ光の照射位置がずれた場合には、処理が適正に行われなくなるおそれがある。この実施形態は、可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6の照射位置のずれを調整する機構を有するものである。
また、近赤外光学系RSを構成する光ファイバR2、集光レンズR3、光ファイバR4、コリメートレンズR5に対して、これらの位置および導波方向を調整する調整機構4bが設けられている。
本実施形態のレーザ処理装置においても、上記実施形態1のレーザ処理装置と同様にして、被処理体1に対して可視レーザ光GL4および近赤外レーザ光RL6が照射される。その間に、CCDカメラC2では、集光レンズC1で集光された検査光CLにおける可視レーザ光GL5および近赤外レーザ光RL7が撮像され、両レーザ光の撮像データが制御部5に送信される。CCDカメラC2は、両レーザ光の照射位置を検出することになる(ステップs1)。したがって、集光レンズC1およびCCDカメラC2は、協働して検査光検出部として機能する。
照射位置のずれ判定においてずれなしと判定される場合(ステップs3、NO)、検査光による照射位置のずれ判定処理を終了する。
上記手順によって、検査光に基づいて可視レーザ光と近赤外レーザ光の被処理体上における照射位置を適正に維持することが可能になる。
次に、他の実施形態を図6に基づいて説明する。なお、前記各実施形態と同様の構成については同一の符号を付してその説明を簡略にする。
本実施形態のレーザ処理装置は、パルス波である可視レーザ光GL10を出力する可視レーザ光源G1と、連続波である近赤外レーザ光RL10を出力する近赤外レーザ光源R1とを有している。
この形態で、可視レーザ光源G1は、例えば、出力50W、発振周波数10kHz、パルスエネルギー5mJでパルス発振して、YAGレーザの2倍波である波長532nm、パルス幅100nsの緑色レーザ光を発生する。可視レーザ光源G1における可視レーザ光の波長は特定のものに限定されないが、例えば355~577nmのものを例示することができる。
光ファイバG2、コリメートレンズG3は、可視光学系GS1の構成要素である。なお、可視光学系GS1には、その他の光学部材を含むものであってもよい。
光ファイバR2のレーザ光出射端以降の光路上には、コリメートレンズR5が配置され、コリメートレンズR5を透過したレーザ光の進行方向に、ダイクロイックミラーM6が配置されている。ダイクロイックミラーM6は、近赤外レーザ光RL12の進行方向に対し、透過面が傾斜して位置している。コリメートレンズR5の焦点距離は、例えば50mmである。ダイクロイックミラーM1では、808nmの光が透過し、532nmの光が反射し、可視レーザ光GL12が反射面で反射する方向と、近赤外レーザ光RL12が透過面を通して透過する方向とが一致する。
光ファイバR2、コリメートレンズR5は、近赤外光学系RS1の構成要素である。なお、近赤外光学系RS1には、その他の光学部材を含むものであってもよい。
光ファイバM4のレーザ光出射端以降の光路上には、コリメートレンズM5が配置され、コリメートレンズM5を透過したレーザ光の進行方向に、ミラーM6が配置されている。ミラーM6は、レーザ光の進行方向と交差する方向にレーザ光を往復しつつ走査することができ、ガルバノミラーなどで構成することができる。コリメートレンズM5の焦点距離は、例えば100mmである。
反射光検出部T2は、合波光学系MS1に対し固定された位置にある。反射光検出部T2は、連続波である近赤外レーザ光を受光して検出するものであるが、反射光の光路や反射光検出部T2に波長フィルタなどを配置して近赤外レーザ光のみが透過して反射光検出部T2で受光、検出されるようにしてもよく、また、可視光レーザ光および近赤外レーザ光を受光し、その後、近赤外レーザ光を分離検出するようにしてもよい。反射光検出部T2の検出結果は、反射光測定部T3に送信される。
ステージ2上には、半導体ウエハーなどの被処理体1が載置、保持される。可視レーザ光源G1では、可視レーザ光GL10が出力さ、近赤外レーザ光源R1では、近赤外レーザ光RL10が出力される。
可視レーザ光源G1から出力された可視レーザ光GL10は、光ファイバG2に入射され、光ファイバG1内を導波して、方形状の導波断面形状を有する光ファイバG2によってビーム形状が方形状に整形され、光ファイバG2のレーザ光出射端から可視レーザ光GL11として出射される。
可視レーザ光GL11は、コリメートレンズG3により平行光の可視レーザ光GL12に整形され、ダイクロイックミラーM1の一反射面側に入射され、可視レーザ光GL12は主に反射面で反射され、一部はダイクロイックミラーM1を透過する。
ダイクロイックミラーM1を透過した可視レーザ光GL12とダイクロイックミラーM1で反射した近赤外レーザ光RL12とは、前記した実施形態と同様に検査光として取り出して利用することができる。
処理光PL1は、光ファイバM4の長手方向一端に入射され、光ファイバM4内で導波され、方形状の断面形状を有する光ファイバM4によりのビーム形状が方形状に整形され、光ファイバM4の長手方向他端から処理光PL2として出射される。
この実施形態によれば、複雑な装置構成を要することなく、処理に使用する連続波をモニタ用に利用して、照射面上の反射率の状態変化により被処理体の状態(溶融、固化など)を計測することができる。これは、連続波が連続発振によって一定の強度を有するため、反射光の強度変化を照射面の状態変化として捉えることができるためである。
なお、連続波を処理に使用しない場合でも、連続波をモニタ専用に使用することができる。
上記実施形態3では、連続波を連続して受光、検出することで照射面の状態把握を行っている。ただし、反射光受光部としてカメラなどを用いる場合、カメラの撮影速度の性能によっては、パルス照射による照射面の状態変化を的確に検出することが難しくなる。このため、反射光検出部で極短時間ごとに光を検出するようにして状態変化の把握をより的確にすることができる。この形態を図7、8に基づいて説明する。
図7において、図6と同様の構成については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略または簡略にすることができる。
シャッターTM2は、例えば、レーザ処理装置全体を制御する制御部によって開閉が制御され、可視レーザ光のパルス毎に、照射時間内でのみ開くように制御される。図8は、パルス波とシャッターTM2の開閉タイミングとの関係を示すグラフである。反射光受光部T2では、シャッターTM2が開いている極短い時間内で連続波を受光することで、被処理体1の照射面の状態を残像効果を利用してより的確に把握することができる。なお、シャッターTM2が開いている時間は、パルス毎の照射時間内であれば適宜選定することができる。また、シャッターTM2の開はパルス波の周期に合わせて行うのが望ましいが、開の時期、すなわちパルス波に対するシャッターTM2開動作の位相差は適宜選定することができる。例えば、溶融が最も進む時間帯に合わせてシャッターTM2が開くように制御することもできる。
2 ステージ
3 ステージ移動装置
4a 調整機構
4b 調整機構
5 制御部
G1 可視レーザ光源
G2 光ファイバ
G3 コリメートレンズ
R1 近赤外レーザ光源
R2 光ファイバ
R3 集光レンズ
R4 光ファイバ
R5 コリメートレンズ
M1 ダイクロイックミラー
M2 ガルバノミラー
M3 fθレンズ
C1 集光レンズ
C2 CCDカメラ
T1 放射光検出部
T2 反射光受光部
T3 反射光測定部
TM2 シャッター
GL1~GL5 可視レーザ光
RL1~RL7 近赤外レーザ光
GL10~GL12 可視レーザ光
RL10~RL12 近赤外レーザ光
PL 処理光
PL1 処理光
PL2 処理光
PL3 処理光
CL 検査光
Claims (23)
- 可視レーザ光を出力する可視レーザ光源と、
近赤外レーザ光を出力する近赤外レーザ光源と、
前記可視レーザ光と前記近赤外レーザ光とを合波して被処理体に導波する合波光学系と、を有することを特徴とするレーザ処理装置。 - 前記可視光レーザ光を導波する可視光学系と、
前記近赤外レーザ光を導波する近赤外光学系と、を備え、
前記合波光学系は、前記可視光学系により導波された前記可視レーザ光と、前記近赤外光学系により導波された前記近赤外レーザ光とを合波して前記被処理体に導波することを特徴とする請求項1記載のレーザ処理装置。 - 前記合波光学系で導波される前記可視レーザ光がパルス波であり、前記合波光学系で導波される近赤外レーザ光が連続波であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記合波光学系は、前記被処理体に対する前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射方向を連続的または間欠的に変えて前記被処理体上で前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射位置を移動させる走査部を有することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記走査部は、ガルバノミラーとfθレンズとを有することを特徴とする請求項4記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射に際し、前記被処理体を保持する保持部を移動させる保持部移動装置を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記合波光学系は、前記可視光レーザ光と前記近赤外レーザ光とを合波する合波部を有することを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記合波部は、前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の一方を透過し、他方を前記透過の方向と同一の方向に反射して、両者を合波するダイクロイックミラーからなることを特徴とする請求項7記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記合波光学系で導波される前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の一部を検査光として合波光学系から取り出す検査光取出し部と、前記検査光によって、前記被処理体への照射を想定した前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射位置を検出する検査光検出部と、を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記可視光レーザ光を導波する可視光学系と、前記近赤外レーザ光を導波する近赤外光学系と、前記可視光学系および前記近赤外光学系の位置または/および導波方向をそれぞれ調整する調整機構と、該調整機構を制御する照射位置制御部とを有し、
前記照射位置制御部は、前記検査光検出部の検出結果を受けて前記被処理体上における前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射位置が所定の位置になるように前記調整機構を調整する制御を行うことを特徴とする請求項9記載のレーザ処理装置。 - 前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体上の照射面から発生する放射光の強度を検出する放射光検出部と、
前記放射光検出部の検出結果を受けて、放射光強度と照射面温度との相関関係に基づいて、前記照射面が所定の温度を有するように、前記合波前の前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光のエネルギー密度を調整する温度制御部と、
前記可視レーザ光源および近赤外レーザ光源の出力をそれぞれ調整する出力調整部と、前記可視光学系の可視レーザ光の透過率および近赤外光学系の近赤外レーザ光の透過率をそれぞれ調整する減衰器とを備え、
前記温度制御部は、前記出力調整部および減衰器の一方または両方を制御して照射面上の前記エネルギー密度の調整を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。 - 前記合波光学系で導波される前記可視レーザ光がパルス波であり、前合波光学系で導波される近赤外レーザ光が連続波であり、
前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体上の照射面から反射される前記近赤外レーザ光を受光する反射光検出部と、
前記反射光検出部の検出結果を受けて、前記被処理体照射面の状態を計測する照射面計測部と、を備えることを特徴とする請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理装置。 - 前記被処理体上の照射面から前記反射光検出部に至る光路に光路の開閉を行うシャッターが備えられており、前記シャッターは、間欠的に開くように動作制御されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 前記シャッターは、前記パルス波の周期に合わせてパルス毎に前記被処理体に照射されている時間内でのみ開くように動作制御されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載のレーザ処理装置。
- 可視レーザ光源から出力された可視レーザ光と、近赤外レーザ光源から出力された近赤外レーザ光とを合波して共通する光学系で導波して被処理体に照射することを特徴とするレーザ処理方法。
- 可視レーザ光源から出力された可視レーザ光と、近赤外レーザ光源から出力された近赤外レーザ光とをそれぞれ異なる光学系によって導波し、前記導波がされた前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光を合波して共通する光学系で導波して被処理体に照射することを特徴とする請求項15記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光を異なる前記光学系で導波する際に、前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の一方または両方のビーム形状を整形することを特徴とする請求項16記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 合波された前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射方向を連続的または間欠的に変えて前記被処理体上で前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射位置を移動させるとともに、前記被処理体を移動させることによって、前記被処理体に対し、前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光を走査しつつ照射することを特徴とする請求項15~17のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 合波された前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の一部を検査光として取り出し、前記検査光によって、前記被処理体への照射を想定した前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の相対的な照射位置を検出し、検出結果に基づいて前記被処理体上における前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の照射位置が所定の位置になるように、前記可視レーザ光を導波する光学系と前記近赤外レーザ光を導波する光学系の一方または両方の調整を行うことを特徴とする請求項15~18のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体の照射面から発生する放射光の強度を検出し、前記放射光の強度と前記照射面の温度との相関関係に基づいて、前記照射面が所定の温度となるように、合波前の前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光の一方または両方のエネルギー密度を調整することを特徴とする請求項15~19のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 前記共通する光学系で導波される前記可視レーザ光がパルス波であり、前記共通する光学系で導波される近赤外レーザ光が連続波であり、
前記可視レーザ光および前記近赤外レーザ光が照射された前記被処理体上の照射面から反射される前記近赤外レーザ光を検出し、
前記検出結果に基づいて、前記被処理体照射面の状態を判定することを特徴とする請求項15~20のいずれかに記載のレーザ処理方法。 - 前記被処理体上の照射面から前記反射光の検出に至る間で、光路を間欠的に開閉して反射光を間欠的に検出することを特徴とする請求項21に記載のレーザ処理方法。
- 前記被処理体上の照射面から前記検出に至る反射光を、前記パルス波の周期に合わせて前記パルス毎に前記被処理体に照射されている時間内の全部または一部で検出することを特徴とする請求項21に記載のレーザ処理方法。
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| KR20140020816A (ko) | 2014-02-19 |
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| JPWO2012173008A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
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