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WO2012171478A1 - 一种基于胶原蛋白的液体栓塞材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于胶原蛋白的液体栓塞材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012171478A1
WO2012171478A1 PCT/CN2012/076981 CN2012076981W WO2012171478A1 WO 2012171478 A1 WO2012171478 A1 WO 2012171478A1 CN 2012076981 W CN2012076981 W CN 2012076981W WO 2012171478 A1 WO2012171478 A1 WO 2012171478A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
embolic material
embolization
collagen
liquid embolic
vascular
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2012/076981
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冷冰
康亚红
金巧蓉
谢志永
罗七一
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Microport Medical Shanghai Co Ltd
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Microport Medical Shanghai Co Ltd
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Priority to EP12800524.6A priority Critical patent/EP2722062A4/en
Publication of WO2012171478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012171478A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/39Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74Bacteria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L24/00Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
    • A61L24/001Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L24/00Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
    • A61L24/0047Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material
    • A61L24/0073Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material with a macromolecular matrix
    • A61L24/0094Composite materials, i.e. containing one material dispersed in a matrix of the same or different material with a macromolecular matrix containing macromolecular fillers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L24/00Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
    • A61L24/02Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing inorganic materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L89/00Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
    • C08L89/04Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair
    • C08L89/06Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof or hair derived from leather or skin, e.g. gelatin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2300/00Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
    • A61L2300/40Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
    • A61L2300/442Colorants, dyes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2400/00Materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L2400/06Flowable or injectable implant compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2430/00Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
    • A61L2430/36Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration for embolization or occlusion, e.g. vaso-occlusive compositions or devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel liquid embolic material based on collagen protein and a process for the preparation thereof. Background technique
  • Hemangiomas or other abnormalities are easily formed in arteriovenous vessels due to internal and external factors such as mechanical damage, hardening of the arteries, hypertension, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, bacterial or viral infections, induction of venous valve disease, and blood flow impact. .
  • the aneurysm with a rounded convex wall is often produced in the cranium.
  • the intracranial aneurysm is a cystic dilatation of the intracranial vessel wall, which occurs mostly near the Wills ring.
  • the biggest risk of aneurysm is easy to rupture and hemorrhage. Some people call it "untimed bomb".
  • the mortality rate per rupture is about 1/3. If there are three consecutive bleedings, the possibility of survival is extremely small, so it is timely and correctly treated.
  • An intracranial aneurysm is extremely important. Arteriovenous malformation
  • AVM is a congenital disease formed by the cerebral vascular development process in the third and fourth weeks of the embryo.
  • the arteries and veins are directly connected to each other. There are no capillaries between the arteries and veins. Abnormal vascular masses with uneven thickness and uneven wall thickness. These blood vessels lack elastic layer and muscular layer, and are easy to rupture and hemorrhage. They are one of the most vulnerable diseases in adolescents.
  • AVM has been a major problem in neurosurgery for many years due to its complexity and high mortality rate.
  • AVM's traditional treatment is mainly craniotomy.
  • this method is time consuming and may cause damage to brain tissue, and some patients with intracranial aneurysms or vascular malformations are not suitable for craniotomy or are unwilling to undergo craniotomy for some reason.
  • a variety of embolic materials have been disclosed in the prior art and can be generally classified into solid embolic materials and liquid embolic materials.
  • the solid embolic material can be classified into a permanent solid embedding material and an absorbable solid embedding material according to its degradability; the liquid embolic material is generally classified into two types: an adhesive liquid embolic material and a non-adhesive liquid embolic material. Since the liquid embolic material can be directly injected into the aneurysm cavity to accommodate the aneurysm cavity of different shapes and sizes, no gap is left between the tumor wall and the embolization material, thereby achieving permanent occlusion. At the same time, the liquid embolic material has the advantages of easy operation and low risk of intraoperative operation, and can be directly injected into the diseased blood vessel through the microcatheter.
  • the liquid embolization material is an ideal embolic material, and is mostly used in the field of endovascular treatment including intracranial aneurysms and brain.
  • AVM dural arteriovenous fistula
  • DAVF dural arteriovenous fistula
  • spinal vascular malformations etc.
  • the ideal liquid embolic material should have: 1
  • the liquid material has moderate viscosity, easy to pass through the elongated microcatheter, has low injection resistance, can be safely placed into vascular lesions, and can meet the purpose of embolization of vascular lesions; 2 easy to operate, easy to control 3, can be better than the development; 3 can be injected from the same catheter multiple times, until the embolization is satisfactory, then the tube is removed, and does not stick to the tube; 4 diffuse in the deformed vascular group is good, can diffuse from the diseased artery end to the entire lesion, but not Arriving at the venous end of the lesion; 5 embolization effect is permanent, no blood vessel recanalization; 6
  • the embolic material should have long-term stability, that is, the embolization effect is stable in the internal environment and during the action period, and does not produce harmful chemicals to the human body.
  • the adhesive liquid embolic material for clinical application is mainly n-butyl cyanoacrylate. Due to the strong adhesion of n-butyl cyanoacrylate, the problem of "sticky tube” is easy to occur, that is, the microcatheter adheres to the tube wall, causing residual foreign matter in the body, and has certain danger, and is easy to cause during embolization. Complications due to "sticky tube” problems.
  • Non-adhesive liquid embolic material is mainly onyx glue, etc., and its organic solvent DMSO has potential vascular toxicity. Thus it has become a major obstacle to its widespread application. At the same time, due to the nature of onyx itself, it is unable to adhere tightly to the diseased vessel wall. Clinical data show that the aneurysm after embolization by onyx, especially large or giant aneurysms, has a half-year recurrence rate close to 78%. It can be seen that the existing liquid embolic materials do not completely meet the above conditions, and a new embolic material is required, which not only does not cause cytotoxicity or sticking, and can permanently seal the vascular disease after embolization. No longer relapse.
  • CN1413743 discloses a novel vascular embolization material comprising an analgesic and an embolization material, the analgesic is doped in the embolic material or the analgesic is attached to the embolic material to form a granular structure or a block structure or a line structure or a spring structure.
  • CN1449741 discloses an easy-to-operate and quality-stabilized embolic material which is solved by providing an embolic material comprising a polysaccharide ester derivative having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 500,000 Daltons and an average degree of substitution of more than 2 acyl groups; An embolic agent for arteriovenous tumors comprising an embolic material and a suitable physiologically acceptable water-soluble organic acid; and a method of producing an embolic agent comprising dissolving the embolic material in a suitable physiologically acceptable water-soluble organic solvent A step of.
  • CN86107191 discloses a vascular embolization agent (TH glue) prepared by ⁇ -cyanoacrylate n-octyl acrylate, strontium powder and lipiodol (or iodophenyl ester), and a preparation method thereof.
  • the volume percentage can be 80-85: 1-5: 10-15, and 83.75:2. 5: 13.75 is better, the one-component stability is good, and the use is convenient.
  • the material embolic agent can be injected using a glass syringe.
  • the prior art also discloses an experimental study on embolization of a rabbit intracranial aneurysm by a collagen coil. Conclusions indicate that after the embolization of the collagen coil, obvious cellular reactions can occur, and progressive thrombosis and dense connective tissue matrix deposition occur.
  • Collagen is known as a biopolymer (extracellular protein), the most common structural feature of which is the triple helix. It consists of three c-chain polypeptides, each of which is a left-handed helical configuration. The three left-handed spiral chains are intertwined into a right-handed spiral structure, that is, the super-helix structure closes the unique triple helix structure of collagen, and is fibrous, which makes the molecular structure very stable, and has low immunogenicity and good biocompatibility.
  • the present invention provides a novel liquid embolic material based on collagen, wherein the decyl cyanoacrylate and collagen are formed in a self-assembled manner to form a multi-junction polymer during embolization.
  • Embolization material system The embolic material of the present invention may be further mixed with a blood vessel developing substance (contrast agent) to be suitable for fluorescent X-ray photography during and after surgery, macroscopic observation of arteriovenous tumor embolization, and blood vessel can be used without any particular limitation. Any of the types conventionally used in angiography.
  • contrast agents examples include: iodide, which includes 6-triiodoformic acid, sodium 6-triiodobenzoate, ioiotitanate, acetaminophen, iodine acid, iodoic acid, iopalic acid, iohexol and Iodine; a bismuth compound such as antimony trioxide; a metal powder such as strontium powder, gold powder, tungsten powder, etc.; and including any mixture thereof.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of the above novel liquid embolic material, which comprises: granulating collagen and adding the monomer of decyl cyanoacrylate to uniformly disperse, thereby forming a novel liquid embolic material.
  • the preparation method of the present invention Further included is the addition of a vascular developing material, for example, the addition of a metal powder at 37-5 CTC.
  • a vascular developing material for example, the addition of a metal powder at 37-5 CTC.
  • the key to the embolic material is that the adhesion of the cyanoacrylate allows the embolization body to quickly adhere to the blood vessel wall of the diseased tissue after embolization, thereby ensuring the initial embolization effect; at the same time, collagen not only has good biocompatibility It can promote cell adhesion and fibroproliferation, induce the growth of endothelial cells, and form a dense connective tissue matrix on the surface of the embolized body, making the embolized body more susceptible to sustained blood flow, and the embolization effect is stable for a long time.
  • the carbon atom is rapidly polymerized by the anion in the blood to achieve the purpose of embolization, and the decyl cyanoacrylate is 5 It is not easy to polymerize in the % glucose solution, and it is convenient to inject the liquid cyanoacrylate monomer into the blood vessel; and the hydrophilic group on the surface of the collagen is utilized, so that it rapidly expands during embolization, and it is combined with Self-assembly of decyl cyanoacrylate to prepare vascular disease embolization materials.
  • the multi-crosslinked point polymer formed by self-assembly can greatly reduce the total mass of the embolic material and also improve the toughness; and after embolization, collagen can induce the growth of the endothelial cell factor, so that the embolization effect is long-term and stable.
  • the addition of collagen in the present invention improves the stability of the embolic material in the lesion, provides a basis and a carrier for the grafting of the biological group, and is advantageous for the embolic material to induce the adsorption of biological factors, thereby promoting endothelialization.
  • the present invention is suitable for vascular diseases, particularly embolization materials for aneurysms, which has a simple preparation method, a stable embolization effect, and can reduce the weight of the total embolic material as the degradable components are degraded.
  • decyl cyanoacrylate is a classic liquid embolic material and has a good embolic effect
  • collagen water can rapidly expand and induce cell endothelial growth factor growth after embolization, which not only makes
  • the embolic body has a low density, good flexibility and can achieve permanent embolization without recurrence. Therefore, the embolic material of the present invention has better effects and higher safety than existing embolic agents.
  • a new collagen-based vascular embolization material First, 1.5 mol of collagen was granulated according to the above method, and then added to 3 mol of n-amyl cyanoacrylate, and the ultrasonic dispersion allowed the collagen particles to be uniformly dispersed in the monomer. 10 g of nano cerium powder was added to an argon atmosphere at 37 to 50 ° C and stirred to obtain a magnetic fluid having a uniform dispersion of n-amyl cyanoacrylate. Store in a sealed container, sterilize and store.
  • the embolic material prepared in Examples 1-3 was combined with Onyx gel in an in vitro model, and a group of aneurysms were completely embolized simultaneously through the microcatheter, and then the circulation pump was turned on, keeping the temperature in a constant temperature environment of TTC rc, let The fluid continuously flushes the aneurysm after embolization.
  • TTC rc a constant temperature environment
  • the self-assembly of collagen and cyanoacrylate monomer forms a self-toughening bioactive embolic material, which not only reduces the probability of sticking the embolic agent but also relieves its toughening effect.
  • Symptoms caused by problems such as the mass effect caused by complete embolization and the compression of peripheral nerves by aneurysms under inertia.
  • the combination of the two not only completes the embolization process in an instant, but also forms a dense connective tissue on the surface of the embolic body by collagen-induced growth of endothelial cells, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of embolization.
  • the embolization material is closely combined with the wall of the aneurysm, and endothelialization at the neck of the secondary aneurysm is formed to avoid the possibility of recurrence.

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Abstract

提供一种基于胶原蛋白的液体栓塞材料及其制备方法。该液体栓塞材料所含的氰基丙烯酸烷基酯和胶原蛋白在栓塞时以自组装的方式形成多连接点聚合体从而制得栓塞材料;所述栓塞材料的制备方法包括将胶原蛋白造粒后加入氰基丙烯酸烷基酯的单体中,分散均匀,从而形成液体栓塞材料。通过自组装形成的多交联点聚合体能大幅度地减少栓塞材料的总质量、提高韧性,并且在栓塞后,通过胶原蛋白可诱导细胞内皮因子生长,使栓塞效果长期稳定。

Description

一种基于胶原蛋白的液体栓塞材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域。 更具体而言, 本发明涉及一种基于胶 原蛋白的新型液体栓塞材料及其制备方法。 背景技术
由于机械损伤、 血管硬化、 高血压、 血管平滑肌细胞的增生、 细 菌或病毒感染、 静脉瓣疾病的诱导和血流冲击等内外因素的作用, 在 动静脉血管中容易形成血管瘤或者其他异变情况。 而具有圆凸壁的动 脉瘤往往产生在颅内, 颅内动脉瘤是颅内血管壁的囊性扩张, 多发生 于 Wills环附近。动脉瘤的最大危险性就是易破裂出血,有人称其为"不 定时炸弹" , 每次破裂出血死亡率约 1/3, 若连续三次出血, 其存活的 可能性极小, 故及时、 正确处理颅内动脉瘤极为重要。 动静脉畸形
( AVM) 是在胚胎三、 四周时, 脑血管发育过程受到阻碍, 动静脉之 间直接交脑通而形成的一种先天性疾病, 动静脉之间没有毛细血管, 代之以一团管径粗细不匀、 管壁厚薄不匀的异常血管团, 这些血管缺 乏弹力层及肌层, 易破裂出血, 是青少年最易致残的疾病之一。 AVM 由于其复杂性和致死致残率高, 多年来一直是神经外科的一大难题。 作为常规的治疗大脑颅内动脉瘤的手段, 一般采用外科手术对已 经形成的动脉瘤进行封堵, 包括针对动脉瘤母动脉的剪断、 结扎和采 用动脉瘤夹将动脉瘤颈夹住, 从而阻断血流对动脉瘤的冲击; AVM传 统的治疗主要是开颅切除畸形团。 但是, 这种方法耗时较长且有可能 造成脑组织的损伤, 而且有些颅内动脉瘤或者血管畸形患者, 由于某 种原因不适合开颅手术或不愿接受开颅。 近年来, 随着血管影像学的 发展, 采用介入手术方法, 通过将各种栓塞材料运输至大脑动脉瘤腔 内以封堵、 栓塞动脉瘤的介入治疗技术渐渐代替了大部分的外科手术。 并且血管内栓塞治疗也已成为脑动静脉畸形(AVM) 的重要治疗手段, 特别是巨大型、 深部位、 高血流量、 功能区及复杂的脑动静脉畸形是 血管内治疗的最佳适应症。 现有技术已经公开了多种栓塞材料, 总体来说可以将其分为固体 栓塞材料和液体栓塞材料两类。 其中, 固体栓塞材料按照其降解性可 分为永久性固体栓塞材料和可吸收性固体栓塞材料等; 液体栓塞材料 一般分为粘附性液体栓塞材料和非粘附性液体栓塞材料两种。 由于液 体栓塞材料可以直接注入动脉瘤瘤腔内, 适应不同形状和大小的动脉 瘤腔, 使瘤壁和栓塞材料之间不留任何空隙, 从而达到永久性闭塞。 同时, 液体栓塞材料具有易于操作、 术中操作风险小等优点, 可以通 过微导管直接注入病变血管, 因此液体栓塞材料是较为理想的栓塞材 料, 多用于血管内治疗领域包括颅内动脉瘤及脑 AVM、 硬脑膜动静脉 瘘 (DAVF) 、 脊髓血管畸形等。 理想的液体栓塞材料应具备: ①液体材料粘度适中, 易于通过细 长的微导管, 注射阻力小, 能够安全地置入血管病变中, 并能够满足 栓塞血管病变的目的; ②操作容易, 易控制, 显影要好; ③能够自同 一根导管多次注射, 直至栓塞满意后才撤管, 且不粘管; ④在畸形血 管团中弥散性要好, 能从病变的动脉端弥散至整个病变, 但不到达病 变的静脉端; ⑤栓塞效果永久, 无血管再通现象; ⑥该栓塞材料应具 有长时间的稳定性, 即在体内环境中和作用期限内栓塞效果稳定且不 产生对人体有害的化学及物理反应或变化; ⑦生物相容性好, 无毒性 及致畸致癌性, 无生物活性; ⑧栓塞治疗后的血管病变血管团柔软, 易于牵拉及手术切除。 目前, 临床应用的粘附性液体栓塞材料主要是氰基丙烯酸正丁酯。 由于氰基丙烯酸正丁酯粘附性较强, 容易发生 "粘管" 问题, 即微导 管粘附在管壁上, 造成体内异物残留, 并具有一定的危险性, 且在栓 塞过程中容易导致因 "粘管" 问题引起的并发症。 非粘附性液体栓塞 材料主要是 onyx胶等,其使用的有机溶剂 DMSO具有潜在的血管毒性 因而成为其广泛应用的主要障碍。 同时, 由于 onyx自身的性质使其无 法与病变血管壁紧密粘合。 临床数据显示, 经由 onyx栓塞后的动脉瘤 特别是大型或巨大型动脉瘤, 其半年复发率接近 78%。 由此可见, 现 有的液体栓塞材料都不完全符合上述条件, 需要一种全新的栓塞材料, 其不仅不会引起细胞毒性也不会粘管, 并且能够使得栓塞后的血管性 疾病永久封闭, 不再复发。
CN1413743 公开了一种新型血管栓塞材料, 包括止痛药和栓塞材 料, 止痛药掺杂在栓塞材料中或止痛药附着在栓塞材料上, 形成颗粒 状结构或块状结构或线条状结构或弹簧状结构; 通过止痛药的缓慢释 放, 有效地防止了血管栓塞术后患者靶目标缺血性疼痛问题。
CN1449741 公开了一种易操作和质量稳定的栓塞材料, 通过提供 一种含有具有 10,000-500,000道尔顿重均分子量和超过 2的酰基平均取 代度的多糖酯衍生物的栓塞材料解决; 一种适于动静脉瘤的栓塞剂, 它包括栓塞材料和适当的生理学可接受的水溶性有机酸; 以及一种生 产栓塞剂的方法, 它包括在适当的生理学可接受的水溶性有机溶剂中 溶解栓塞材料的步骤。 CN86107191公开了一种血管栓塞剂 (TH胶) 及其制备方法, 所 述血管栓塞剂由 α -氰基丙烯酸正辛酯、 钽粉和碘油 (或碘苯酯) 配制 而成, 三者的体积百分比可为 80-85: 1-5: 10-15, 而以 83. 75:2. 5: 13. 75 为更佳, 单组份稳定性好, 使用方便。 在体内聚合迅速, 发热量小, 聚合体柔软, 不会被血液或组织液吸收降解而失效, 能在 X光照射下, 体内聚合体显影的永久性血管栓塞材料。 该材料栓塞剂可用玻璃注射 器注射使用。 此外, 现有技术还公开了对胶原弹簧圈栓塞兔颅内动脉瘤的实验 研究。 结论表明, 胶原弹簧圈栓塞后可出现明显的细胞反应, 并出现 进行性血栓形成及致密结缔组织基质沉积; 而铂金弹簧圈栓塞组动物 模型仅出现松散的结缔组织基质沉积, 进行性血栓形成少见 (参见: 中国微侵袭神经外科杂志 (CMINSJ), 2009, 14(11)) 。 胶原蛋白(Collagen)已知是一种生物高分子物质(细胞外蛋白质), 其最普遍的结构特征是三螺旋结构。 其由 3 条 c 链多肽组成, 每一条 胶原链都是左手螺旋构型。 3 条左手螺旋链又相互缠绕成右手螺旋结 构, 即超螺旋结构闭胶原蛋白独特的三重螺旋结构, 而呈纤维状, 使 其分子结构非常稳定, 并且具有低免疫原性和良好的生物相容性等。 由于胶原分子链上含有大量的亲水基因, 所以与水结合的能力很强, 能在酸性和碱性介质中膨胀, 从而形成由一条条细长纤维组成的网套。 然而, 上述现有技术皆未报道胶原蛋白与氰基丙烯酸酯的结合使 用及其有益效果。 发明概述
为了解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供一种基于胶原蛋白的新型液 体栓塞材料, 其中所含的氰基丙烯酸垸基酯和胶原蛋白在栓塞时以自 组装的方式形成多连接点聚合体从而制得栓塞材料体系。 本发明的栓塞材料可进一步混合有血管显影物质 (造影剂) , 以 适于外科手术期间和之后荧光 X射线照相术、 肉眼可见的观察动静脉 瘤栓塞情况, 并且可以无任何特别限制地采用血管造影术中常规使用 的任何一种。 所述造影剂的例子为: 碘化物, 它包括 6-三碘甲酸、 6- 三碘苯甲酸钠、 碘钛酸、 甲泛影酸、 碘达酸、 碘克酸、 碘帕酸、 碘海 醇和碘曲仑; 铋化合物, 例如三氧化二铋; 金属粉末, 如钽粉、 金粉、 钨粉等; 并包括它们的任意混合物。 本发明还提供一种上述新型液体栓塞材料的制备方法, 其包括: 将胶原蛋白造粒后加入氰基丙烯酸垸基酯的单体中, 分散均匀, 从而 形成一种新型的液体栓塞材料。 在优选实施方案中, 本发明制备方法 进一步包括加入血管显影物质, 例如, 在 37-5CTC下加入金属粉末。 通 过微导管, 将该混合体系慢慢导入目标区域, 并随着单体浓度的增大 逐渐在血浆偏碱的条件下实现胶原蛋白的迅速膨胀及氰基丙烯酸酯的 阴离子聚合, 最终通过自组装得到以胶原蛋白为多个中心、 氰基丙烯 酸酯聚合物包裹的固化材料。 该栓塞材料的关键在于, 利用氰基丙烯酸酯的粘附性使得栓塞体 在栓塞后能够迅速与病变组织的血管壁粘合, 保证初期的栓塞效果; 同时, 胶原蛋白不但具有良好的生物相容性, 而且可促进细胞粘附和 纤维增生, 诱导细胞内皮因子生长, 可在栓塞体表面形成致密结缔组 织基质, 使得栓塞体更易接受持续血流的冲击, 栓塞效果长期稳定。 本发明中, 不仅利用了氰基丙烯酸垸基酯中氰基和羧基的双重吸 电子作用, 使碳原子受血液中的阴离子催化而迅速聚合, 达到栓塞目 的, 同时氰基丙烯酸垸基酯在 5%的葡萄糖溶液中不容易发生聚合, 能 够方便地将液体氰基丙烯酸酯单体注入到血管内; 而且利用了胶原蛋 白表面的亲水基团, 使得其在栓塞时迅速膨胀, 并将之与氰基丙烯酸 垸基酯自组装制备血管性疾病栓塞材料。 通过自组装形成的多交联点 聚合体能大幅度地减少栓塞材料的总质量, 也可提高韧性; 并在栓塞 后, 通过胶原蛋白可诱导细胞内皮因子生长, 使得栓塞效果长期、 稳 定。 特别是, 本发明中胶原蛋白的加入提高了栓塞材料在病变中的稳 定性, 为生物学基团的嫁接提供了基础和载体, 有利于栓塞材料诱使 生物学因子的吸附, 从而促进内皮化。 本发明适于血管性疾病, 特别是动脉瘤的栓塞材料, 它具有简单 的制备方法、 稳定的栓塞效果并能够随着可降解组分的降解而减轻总 栓塞物质的重量。 本发明的优点概述如下: 一方面氰基丙烯酸垸基酯作为经典的液 体栓塞材料、 具有良好的栓塞效果; 另一方面, 胶原蛋白吸水能迅速 膨胀, 栓塞后可诱导细胞内皮因子生长, 不但使得栓塞体密度低, 柔 韧性好并可达到永久栓塞不再复发。 因此, 本发明的栓塞材料相对于 已有的栓塞剂具有更好的效果和更高的安全性。 具体实施方式
为了进一步理解本发明, 下面将结合实施例对本发明的优选方案 进行描述。 这些描述只是举例说明本发明的特征和优点, 而非限制本 发明的保护范围。 实施例 1
按照以下步骤制备基于胶原蛋白的新型血管栓塞材料:
先将 0. 5 mol的胶原蛋白用沸腾床造粒 (参见赵江等于 2007年发 表在 《食品研究与开发》 上的 《沸腾床喷涂卵磷脂造粒技术生产蛋白 粉工艺的优化研究》 一文) , 得到粒径 50目左右的胶原蛋白粒子, 然 后加入到 3 mol的氰基丙烯酸正辛酯的单体中,超声分散使得胶原粒子 能够均匀的分散在单体中。 在 37~50°C下氩气气氛中加入 30 g纳米钽 粉并搅拌, 得到分散均一的氰基丙烯酸正辛酯的磁流体。 装入容器中 密封、 灭菌后存放。 实施例 2
按照以下步骤制备基于胶原蛋白的新型血管栓塞材料:
先将 1 mol的胶原蛋白按照上述方法造粒,然后加入到 3 mol的氰 基丙烯酸正辛酯的单体中, 超声分散使得胶原粒子能够均匀的分散在 单体中。 在 37~50°C下氩气气氛中加入 20 g纳米钽粉并搅拌, 得到分 散均一的氰基丙烯酸正辛酯的磁流体。 装入容器中密封、 灭菌后存放。 实施例 3
按照以下步骤制备基于胶原蛋白的新型血管栓塞材料: 先将 1. 5 mol的胶原蛋白按照上述方法造粒, 然后加入到 3 mol 的氰基丙烯酸正戊酯的单体中, 超声分散使得胶原粒子能够均匀的分 散在单体中。 在 37~50°C下氩气气氛中加入 10 g纳米钽粉并搅拌, 得 到分散均一的氰基丙烯酸正戊酯的磁流体。 装入容器中密封、 灭菌后 存放。 将实施例 1-3所制得的栓塞材料与 onyx胶一起在体外模型中, 经 微导管同时完全栓塞一组动脉瘤, 然后接通循环泵, 保持温度在 TTC 士 rc的恒温环境中,让液体不断地冲刷栓塞后的动脉瘤体。结果发现, 两个月后 onyx胶栓塞瘤体周围有液体出现, 而实施例 1-3的栓塞体还 保持着栓塞体与动脉瘤壁的紧密贴合, 未见任何液体, 说明其已经完 全密封该动脉瘤。 总之, 将胶原蛋白与氰基丙烯酸垸基酯单体通过自组装形成了一 种自增韧的具有生物活性的栓塞材料, 不但降低了该类栓塞剂粘管的 几率而且通过其增韧效果缓解了完全栓塞固化后引起的占位效应及动 脉瘤在惯性下压迫周围神经等问题所引起的症状。 更重要的是, 两者 的结合不但可在瞬间完成栓塞过程, 而且通过胶原蛋白诱导细胞内皮 因子的生长在栓塞体表面形成一种致密的结缔组织, 从而保证栓塞的 安全及可靠。 此外, 栓塞材料与动脉瘤壁之间紧密联合, 继发动脉瘤 颈口处的内皮化形成, 以避免复发的可能。 以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。 应当指 出, 对于本领域的普通技术人员而言, 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下, 还可以对本发明的可降解支架进行若干改进和修饰, 但这些改进和修 饰也落入本发明权利要求请求保护的范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种基于胶原蛋白的新型液体栓塞材料, 其中所含的氰基丙烯 酸垸基酯和胶原蛋白在栓塞时以自组装的方式形成多连接点聚合体从 而制得栓塞材料体系。
2. 权利要求 1的栓塞材料, 进一步混合有血管显影物质。
3. 权利要求 2的栓塞材料, 其中血管显影物质 (造影剂) 选自碘 化物, 铋化合物, 金属粉末和它们的任意混合物。
4. 权利要求 3的栓塞材料, 其中碘化物选自 6-三碘甲酸、 6-三碘 苯甲酸钠、 碘钛酸、 甲泛影酸、 碘达酸、 碘克酸、 碘帕酸、 碘海醇和 碘曲仑。
5. 权利要求 3的栓塞材料, 其中铋化合物选自三氧化二铋。
6. 权利要求 3的栓塞材料,其中金属粉末选自钽粉、金粉和钨粉。
7. 权利要求 1的栓塞材料的制备方法, 其包括: 将胶原蛋白造粒 后加入氰基丙烯酸垸基酯的单体中, 分散均匀, 从而形成一种新型的 液体栓塞材料。
8. 权利要求 7的制备方法, 其进一步包括加入血管显影物质。
9. 权利要求 8的制备方法, 其中血管显影物质为金属粉末, 且在 37-50°C下加入。
PCT/CN2012/076981 2011-06-17 2012-06-15 一种基于胶原蛋白的液体栓塞材料及其制备方法 Ceased WO2012171478A1 (zh)

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