WO2012164126A1 - Multi-task automatic collection station for sorting bulk materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-task automatic collection station for sorting bulk materials, which includes a handling device (10) for the flow of material to be sorted, a feeder conveyor belt (1) that carries the materials toward a detection unit (2) that includes a unit or a combination of different sensors to detect the materials to be sorted and robots (6) to separate the materials identified by the detection unit. The station includes a processing unit (9) that manages the operation of the different elements of the station.

Description

 DESCRIPTION

Title MULTITAREA STATION OF AUTOMATIC COLLECTION FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF BULK MATERIALS.

Object of the Invention The present invention relates to a multitasking automatic collection station for the classification of bulk materials using a robot for the separation of all types of bulk material, such as minerals, metals, plastics, wood, stone, glass, textiles, or tobacco and of streams or other bulk materials; and using one or more sensor technologies for the detection and analysis of materials that pass through a conveyor belt.

Field of the Invention

This station is applicable in the field of handling and classification of different bulk materials and especially in the recycling industries.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Speaking in environmental terms, today's most important objective for the western world, in addition to CO2 reduction is the reuse of materials to save resources in our own areas. Especially in the western world it will be very important to maintain our resources. This means, in many cases, that we have to recycle and it is not done, but these materials are sent to countries where cheap labor is hired to order and classify Western waste material streams and to recover valuables in very inhuman conditions that threaten health.

With today's technology standards, almost all materials can be recycled. To cite some examples: metals, glass, wood and plastic materials or waste; but also other materials that must be selected from the various fractions of most materials, especially those from collection containers or crushed materials in car recycling processes, scrap treatment electronics, construction waste, treatment of municipal and industrial waste and raw materials of all kinds. Even primary materials such as minerals have to be ordered before they can be processed.

Classification facilities for all types of diverse primary and secondary materials are not currently known, where a large amount of valuable material and important resources are collected for growing worldwide markets and industries for recycling and prepared for the production of construction and consumption goods such as wood, plastics, metals and textiles from municipal, industrial, automotive or hospital, as well as demolition and construction waste.

In the primary materials industries, in the handling of materials, such as minerals or stones, there are also numerous people involved for preselection and quality control to optimize refining performance and reduce slag and decrease the amount of material to be transported in open pit mines to treatment plants.

In this type of facility, people are working to select unwanted materials from a stream of mine input product, of a different type or separate from materials that were not sorted by automatic sorting machines or lost due to system failure. Ejection such as gold or diamond processes.

One or more main conveyor belts are arranged in a selection booth in which operators are standing, on both sides of a selection belt, to manually select objects that are of interest for their value or because they are undesirable impurities.

Examples of these sorting facilities are the selection lines for minerals and stones, food lines, tobacco and the recycling of clinical waste, demolition and waste from the construction of waste, homes and industry, WEEE or ELV plants.

In these sorting facilities the human factor is still very important. Although the automation of these sectors is growing, some parts of material have not yet been carried out by human force due to their special shape, or size, while the following machinery is not able to select the materials, due to the configuration of the machines, and since they are mostly capable of handling material sizes of up to 100-150 millimeters and only a few hundred grams of maximum weight.

Manual classification is a very monotonous job, and if the operator becomes ill or distracted, the result of the classification is not correct and the quality of production varies.

In some cases, the materials to be ordered or separated are dangerous and unhealthy for human beings in general, so these manual sorting jobs are complicated and require additional health protection equipment and facilities.

Due to these difficulties, employees who perform manual labor of Classification constantly change their jobs or they cannot do this type of work for a long period of time.

For these reasons, classification companies have a constant need to look for new workers and train them at work.

On the other hand, sorting machines are applied with the use of sensors for the detection and identification of specific materials by color, brightness, shape, size, shape, physical characteristics, surface properties, molecular composition or reflection properties or even your combinations

Sensors based on classification devices have been introduced in the aforementioned industries approximately in the last two years and are very well accepted today.

Many of the existing classification lines today are from the seventies and eighties of the last century. This invention is to improve the production process for the recovery of valuable resources, on the one hand and on the other hand, reduces dangerous and unhealthy work

The inventors of this invention are aware of the existence of sorting machines and inventions in sorting machines based on sensors, but this invention is based on sorting automation, and manual selection does not replace automatic sorting machines such as It was mentioned above. The automatic collection device will be able to replace manual sorting and increase recycling and / or current sorting capacity of valuable material from different inputs, such as classification of waste or primary material sequences.

For example, European Patent EP 1829 621 A1 and US Patent are known. US2007 / 0208455 A1 referring to "a system and method for classifying waste material elements" which claims to be able to replace existing sorting machines using air jets to expel material parts, which is in fact impossible. The robot can make a maximum of 60-120 selections per minute in a simple task, while the air jets can easily reach more than 200 cycles per second.

To be able to replace automatic sensors based on machines sorting the amount of robots are enormously and therefore, too expensive for purchase and operating costs. This invention will not be able to work in the manner described by the inventors.

The aforementioned invention also does not mention the possibility of replacing dangerous jobs with manual selection.

On the other hand, document WO2011 / 161304 A1 "Method for the selection of physical objects in a robot system" relates to many signals from computerized sensors to be able to collect the parts and to control the collection system as well as to find the faults of this system. It says nothing about the material coming from a conveyor belt, nor about the weight and size of the materials.

This document focuses on the material from which it is based and is not realistic and feasible for classification systems in a classification line with high capacities. It is not said how the material can be recognized and with What kind of sensor technology makes this possible.

The robot scheme of this background shows a stationary system and does not mention anything about how to move the currents of materials to be classified.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The multitasking automatic collection station for the classification of bulk materials object of the invention has characteristics oriented to cover the deficiencies of the systems described in the aforementioned background, and to provide a realistic and useful solution.

The invention makes it possible to obtain a new way and, above all, a more economical way to separate and obtain resources from waste.

The main advantage of this invention is the use of robots instead of humans for the classification of bulk materials in a recycling and mining process, avoiding the exposure of people to unhealthy situations and materials, and obtaining greater productivity taking into account the robots could take charge of their jobs and work continuously without getting sick or lowering their performance due to fatigue. In addition to environmental and health factors, the technical and commercial aspects of the invention should also be highlighted.

The use of systems based on detection sensors, in combination with the robots, helps to improve the qualities of our resources and increase the capacity in each selection plant. In addition to the considerably low investment this invention provides very functional operation. Cost effective, reliable and non-stop with a continuous level of quality and quantity.

With respect to this invention, and which serves as an example of application, the automatic collection station can either be placed behind existing separation technologies (unit pre-preparation), such as a magnet drum or behind a crusher unit followed by a magnetic separator or placed directly behind a screen or accelerator.

The input fractions are fed on the conveyor belt of the automatic collection station by means of a conveyor belt or a vibrating feeder.

This automatic process for the recovery and separation of important resources, helps us increase the quality and quantity of recycled materials for the production of new materials, as well as the use of renewable energy and fuel. With the improvement of automatic classification in the middle of the substitution of dangerous jobs and unhealthy human ordering by robot technology, we are able to increase our production and reduce the disease and inactivity of the time machine. The total costs for manual sorting will dramatically reduce due to low investment costs, as well as low operating costs.

This automatic sorting device can be installed after collecting material flows, as well as post material crusher streams. For the detection and separation of garbage or unacceptable materials in the incoming material stream after collection, this device is able to automatically separate these pieces and classify them into fractions of different materials. This is also possible with crushed materials from any recycling plant or facility, manual harvesting is done and is currently required. This bulk material handling and classification station can be used in different industries for the recovery and management of important resources used by sensor technologies to identify the shapes and forms, characteristics and location of the material placed on a conveyor belt. or the transport system. In combination with different types of industrial robots, this station is capable of handling all types and sizes of bulk materials and ordering them in numerous different product fractions. With a device for prior manipulation of the stream of materials to be separated, located before the material detection unit, the materials are prepared and placed in a monolayer that allows subsequent identification of the pieces or portions of material to be subsequently separated by part of the robots in a final separation zone.

The features of the invention, set out in the appended claims will be more readily understood in view of the exemplary embodiments shown, by way of illustration and not limitation, in the attached figures, which are described below.

Brief description of the figures

- Figure 1 shows a schematic plan view of an automatic sorting station, equipped with a device for prior handling of materials, a unit for detecting materials to be separated and two robots for the extraction of selected materials from the flow of materials to classify.

- Figure 2 shows a schematic elevational view of an embodiment of the material handling device, arranged at the entrance of the station's conveyor belt, which extends and separates the materials in a monolayer for later identification in the detection unit

- Figure 3 shows a partial elevation view of the station in which an example of embodiment of the detection unit can be seen, with an electromagnetic induction sensor unit and a laser camera.

- Figure 4 shows a view analogous to the previous one with a variant embodiment of the detection unit including in this case an induction sensor unit combined with an NIR (Near Infra Red) type optical sensor.

Preferred embodiment of the invention. In the example of figure 1, the station comprises a feed conveyor belt (1) through which a stream of bulk materials enters which it is desired to classify, being at its exit a main conveyor belt (4), and which moves at a higher speed than the mentioned feed conveyor belt (1). On the feeding conveyor belt (1) there is a detection unit (2) that recognizes them and determines which must be separated from said material stream.

This detection unit (2) comprises recognition sensors based on physical or chemical characteristics of the materials to be classified and are associated with an indoor computer that executes a recognition program. On both sides of the main conveyor belt (4) there are robots (6) with mechanical arms to pick up the materials classified by the detection unit (2) of the main conveyor belt (4) for separation.

Next to the robots (6) there are some material collection areas classify and extracted by robots (6). In this case, the collection areas serve two robots (6), comprising deposit belts (5) parallel to both sides of the main conveyor belt (4) so that the robots (6) deposit the materials classified in the swept on both sides of his arms. In turn, these collection areas also comprise a collection conveyor belt (3) in a transverse position below the main conveyor belt (4), this collection conveyor belt (3) receiving the classified materials of the deposition belts (5) for extraction outside the station.

At the exit of the main conveyor belt (4) there is a discharge conveyor belt (7) that moves the unclassified materials to another step of the installation, such as another station specialized in a different material.

As shown in Figure 1 the selective detection of material takes place below or on the feed conveyor belt (1), in the detection unit (2). This detection unit (2) is part of the complete classification facility and is configured differently for each classification task. In general it is composed of a conveyor belt (1) where the material is spread in a monolayer before moving on to the detection unit (2).

Through a selected sensor, the material flow passes through the conveyor belt through the detection unit (2) where it can be detected and analyzed for its color, size, weight, brightness, content, surface composition, molecular characteristics or other combinations of properties depending on the sensor or sensors incorporated in said detection unit. After the material has passed the detection unit (2), the information captured by the sensors is sent to the process unit (9) that uses the information to identify the characteristics of the pieces of scanned material.

This information is processed by a fast processor built in the control cabinet of the installation. This information is used to view detailed information about the characteristics of this piece of material and its position on the conveyor belt. If this information corresponds to the software configuration, this data is used to determine which part has to be selected and extracted by the automatic classification robots (6) in the second part of the classification installation, that is to say on the conveyor belt main (4).

Depending on the task of classification and type of material to be separated in the second part of the installation, the automatic separation unit is installed with one or more robots (6) that are perfectly assembled for the job. This means that the type and size of the robot (6), as well as the collection tool is carefully chosen for the respective job.

The collection robot (6) will select and grab the selected material part of the main conveyor belt (4) in operation and put this part in the placed material box or in an area that takes the material to a next transport system or any Another collection system. The remaining material will remain on the conveyor belt, and will be transported to the next treatment or is ready for trade.

In addition, the intellectual software, which is capable of giving the correct signals so that the robot arm (6) can follow the material on the main conveyor belt (4) and use the correct gripping device of the tool Choose this command to use the correct collection tool that is selected by the software that obtains the information about the material size and shape and give the commands to one of the tools on the arm of the multitasking robot (6).

An encoder mounted on the main conveyor belt (4) constantly measures the linear speed of the belt so that you can use the exact operating speed to calculate the necessary speed of the robot arm (6) and the start time so that It can be positioned at the right time at the beginning of the collection area of the collection unit on the selected material part before the material part is removed and dropped by the correct exit of the installation. It is the combination of this special software developed and the special multi-task arm of the robot. This special design of the robot arm allows to have several different collection instruments.

In the current of different materials, only one type of clamp has to be used to cover all these different shapes, weights and sizes of the pieces to be separated. Therefore, this invention combines different solutions with existing technologies to obtain the best possible results for the task.

This system can pick up compact and heavy parts, large pieces and flat pieces, and is even able to take out long sheets of plastic and wrapping paper or plastic wrap. This is why the present invention is a suitable option for the classification of waste from homes and industries.

The combination of grip systems to collect bulk materials, with different shapes, sizes and weights, together with a special tool for the grip by suction, by means of "Venturi", of flat pieces allows to lift the pieces of the main conveyor belt (4) and place them in the correct outlet.

Difficult parts of materials such as wrap sheets are gripped with a special clamp (61) and placed in front of a suction hose (8) that sucks the sheet assembly. By placing more suction points along the conveyor belt of the robot arm it is able to take more than one piece of aluminum from the belt within a short period of time, while the belt continues to operate

With the use of robots in combination with sensor technology instead of the human brain and human force to detect and select the selected set and parts, the invention allows for increased production of material flows, and at the same time Increase the quality of our resources with simple means in a highly safe and economical way. The combination of several proven technologies and sensors with a completely new way of using existing industrial robot technology will help reduce dangerous work considerably, as well as the loss of personnel caused by illness and monotonous work. This will reduce dirty and unhealthy work for human workers in current sorting plants.

Figure 2 shows a material handling device (10), arranged at the entrance of the feed conveyor belt and comprising a vibrating feeder (11) for extending the material to be separated in a monolayer.

It is important for this sorting facility the proper treatment of bulk material before it enters the detection unit (2). The pieces of material must be extended and separated on the conveyor belt (6). Overlap is not allowed, and it is important that there is a sufficient space between the materials for the unique detection of each piece of material located on the conveyor belt. In addition to the correct width of the machine feeding system, the length of the vibrating feeder (11) is important.

Depending on the input capacity of the installation, the vibrating feeder (2) must have enough space and length to carry the material in a single layer at the end of the feeder, before it descends to the feed conveyor belt (1 ).

The transport speed of the vibrating feeder (11) is the other factor that helps arrange the flow of material in a monolayer. It is very important to choose the correct position of the vibrating motors (12) located below the vibrating feeder tray (11); here the energy transmission of the motor force has to enter the feeder body a few millimeters before the center of gravity and at the correct angle, between 35-38 ⁰ with respect to the horizontal.

By mounting the vibrating motors (12) in a mobile seat (13), the point of application of the force line of said motors can be adjusted for the best possible propagation effect towards the end of the vibrating tray.

In this figure 2 a 3D laser camera (14) placed on the end of the tray can be seen as the control device of the monolayer and height of the materials. The addition of this option in the pre-handling phase of the materials to be classified helps the control process of the control facility, which guarantees continuous quality.

The laser camera (14) will send a signal to the process unit (9) of the installation in which the measurement of the material monolayer is controlled online and if the changes are detected, or if the singularization of the material stream is outside the automatically prescribed tolerance field, adjusted by means of a variable frequency converter , which controls the frequency of the electric current supplied to the vibrating motors (12) of the vibrating feeder. In this way the speed of the vibrating feeder (11) is adjusted so that it returns within the norm. The transport speed of the vibrating feeder varies between 0.3 - 0.4 m / sec. The standard speed of the automatic collection station varies between 0.5-1.0 m / sec. which brings us to the next step in the material handling section previously. Important for the acceleration of material flow from the conveyor belt feeder is the use of a slide ramp (15). This adjustable system allows the material to be carried at the proper speed, so that the capacity can be reached, as necessary, and in this way the uniqueness of the material will also be optimized. A monolayer and the best singularization of the material on the feeding conveyor belt (11) gives us the optimal working conditions for the next detection unit.

On the other hand, a good acceleration of the material makes a good transition from the slower speed of the vibrating feeder (11) to the feed conveyor belt (1).

Adjusters (16) on the slide ramp (15) allow adjusting the acceleration and optimizing the transition of the product to the feed conveyor belt (1). The smooth change of sliding to the belt ensures that the length of the conveyor can be kept to a minimum. This is another important aspect of the installation, and then the material has to stop completely on the belt before it is analyzed by the next detection unit (2). The second phase of this invention is the part of the installation where the material stream in the detection unit (2) is analyzed. The part of the detection unit may be of different configurations, combinations and compositions, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. In the example shown in Figure 3, the detection unit (2) comprises a sensor unit of electromagnetic induction (17) placed under the supply conveyor belt (1).

The material located at the top of the supply conveyor belt (1) passes over this electromagnetic induction sensor unit (17), which is composed of multiple 25 mm induction sensors. or 12.5 mm. diameter.

Two rows of these sensors are arranged transversely aligned with respect to the conveyor belt and are built in a special housing at a typical distance from each other, so that it cannot interfere with its electromagnetic field and at the same time give full coverage of the width of the machine , so that all the parts transported by the belt pass through one of the electromagnetic fields of the sensor coils located below the belt.

With this unit the sensor of the classification system is capable of detecting all metals. Depending on the composition and size of the material fractions or the additional classification tasks, an installation can be arranged 3D laser camera system (18) that give additional information about the sizes and heights of the particular parts to be separated by the robots (6).

Both the information of the induction sensors (17), and the optional information of the 3D laser camera (18) goes to the central computer process unit (9) located in the control cabinet. Here the information received will be analyzed in real time and used with the program configuration to make the correct classification decision. This means that the positioning of the robot arm (6) on the piece of material on the main conveyor belt (4), as well as the choice of the pick-up tool from the multitasking arm, which is mounted on a rotor part in the end of the robot arm.

The robot or robots (6) will be able to use the signals from the induction sensors (17) through the process unit (9) with a suitable clamp (61) to select the part of the material stream and leave it fall into the outlet duct on the right.

In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 4 a version capable of combining the information of induction sensors (17) and another optical sensor (19) is shown as a near infrared sensor (NIR Near Infra Red), a color camera , or a laser camera.

In this embodiment, an additional variation is contemplated consisting of the possibility of placing a unit with a second sensor on the slide (15) and on the conveyor belt, so that the material flow on the conveyor belt can be scanned and analyzed from from both sites at the same time. The induction sensors (17) located below the belt determine that all metallic material will be recognized. If a piece of metallic material passes to Through the electromagnetic field of one of the sensors it will always be detected and an electrical signal will be sent to the electronics of the process unit (9). The signal length, as well as the number of sensors that are reacting at the same time and the same area, gives an indication about the size of the pieces that pass through the sensor. Because in this embodiment the induction sensors (17) and a second optical sensor unit (19) are placed in the same position on the conveyor belt, it can be used to obtain more information about the characteristics as well as the size and the shape of the material to obtain the best possible classification results and the correct choice of the clamp system (61).

This optical sensor unit (19) is an additional module and can be used for various important information of the particular material stream to be sorted. For example, a stream of industrial waste with a mixed feed stream may contain different material, such as glass, plastics, wood, metals, paper and carbon in all kinds of various shapes and forms. Of course there are many other possible and thinkable configurations, but in this example, the combination of a metal sensor unit (induction sensor) with a near-infrared sensor has been represented.

Information from the optical sensor can be used for analytics and determination of the characteristics of the material that passes through the tape

With this information it is possible to verify if this information matches the material with the classification software configuration, where all the parameters are set for the particular classification task.

Other information from that same optical sensor, such as color, brightness, Particle shape and configuration can be used to select the best possible clamp system or even the suction system if it is a piece of aluminum foil. In this example we talk about the use of a near infrared sensor. Near Infra Red (NIR) technology is used in a wide range of industrial processes. There are different ways to use NIR technology to analyze materials online and in real time. Two options are described here. The first model is built with spectrometers with dispersion grids, using infrared sensor arrays for simultaneous registration of the complete spectra. These are particularly suitable for permanent analytical monitoring of polymer processes and also increasingly with mineral raw material. The advantages of the method are the rapid, non-contact measurement of the properties of the material in the reflection, the analysis without sample preparation and the ability to measure in rapid motion. NIR spectra are characterized by broadband spectral attributes and low molar absorption coefficients.

NIR absorption spectroscopy is generally applied to identify material, but also increasingly for quantitative examinations. The industry increasingly uses near-infrared spectrometers with dispersion gratings for process control and quality control. NIR spectroscopy is today also widely used in the classification of different plastics in recycling as well as in the food industry. But wood and different carbon material can also be detected.

The other option is to use a near infrared camera. Using near infrared spectrometers, with concave holographic grids the spectrum is recorded by a specially designed line camera for NIR spectroscopy. The measurement results are transferred to a computer and analyzed there. For process measurements, usually many measurement points or probes are required. Therefore an optical multiplexer precedes the spectrometer. The task of the multiplexer is that to change the probes key, one after another to the spectrometer. By applying the NIR fiber cables, the probes can be combined for a probe line.

Both the information of the induction sensors (5) and the NIR system (4), go to the central computer unit in the control cabinet (7). Here the information received will be analyzed in real time and used with the program settings to make the correct classification decision. This means that the positioning of the robot arm on the piece of material on the belt, as well as the choice of the pick-up tool from the multi-task arm, which is mounted on a rotating part at the end of the robot arm.

The robot (s) (6) will be able to use the signals from the sensors (3) through the control unit (7) with a suitable clamp (6) to select the part of the material stream and drop it in the outlet duct on the right.

The rotary clamp tool is a combination of different clamping systems and industrial vacuum tools, with standard systems and tools of the supplier industries, but also own creations designed. Due to the wide variety of pieces of material a combination grip tool makes sense.

All round clamps can make many different forms of material, but not always fast enough. That is why we decided to use a multitasking grip system with the rotation of the tool support at the end of the robot arm. This system can do Many different shapes and weights, but it is not good enough and especially not fast enough with flat pieces. The vacuum tool with a main "Venturi" can easily aspirate these flat pieces of the tape and place them in the chosen outlet of the material to be collected or gutter.

The material on the conveyor belt that was not selected and collected will eventually fall into a discharge belt that goes to a next treatment or another sorting step or to a collection compartment or container at the end of the sorting line. The material stream is the accept stream.

Finally, it should be mentioned that because the feed conveyor belt (1) can be constituted by an initial section of the main conveyor belt (4), since this does not affect the essentiality of the invention.

Once the nature of the invention has been sufficiently described, as well as a preferred embodiment, it is stated for the appropriate purposes that the materials, shape, size and arrangement of the described elements may be modified, provided that this does not imply an alteration. of the essential features of the invention that are claimed below.

Claims

1.- Automatic station of classification of materials, of the type that comprise a main conveyor belt (4) of materials, parts or objects to be classified supplied by a stream of materials from which those materials classified as of interest are separated, characterized because it comprises robots (6) and areas for collecting classified materials, arranged in a position adjacent to said main conveyor belt (4); the robots being associated with a detection unit (2) arranged at a point in the circulation of the materials prior to passing through the robots (6), for the detection and extraction of the detected materials from the main conveyor belt (4) according to indications of the detection unit (2) to said robots. 2. Station according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises several different sensors for the detection of more than one material to be classified. 3. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a robot (6) comprises two or more collection areas for classification by the same robot of two or more different materials separately. 4. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several robots (6) and several different collection areas along the main conveyor belt (4), to perform a classification of multiple materials that are extracted from the same stream of materials transported by said main conveyor belt (4). 5. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the collection areas of the classified materials It comprises a deposit belt (5) of materials for each robot and a collection conveyor belt (3) arranged at the exit of these deposition belts (5) for the extraction of classified materials from the station 6. Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) is arranged on a conveyor belt for feeding (1) of materials arranged at the entrance of the main conveyor belt (4). 7. Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises sensors individually or in multiple combinations arranged below and / or on the supply conveyor belt (1) for analysis and inspection of bulk material before access to the classification zone by one or more robots (6). 8. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises at least one recognition sensor unit based on physical or chemical characteristics of the materials to be classified, connected to a process unit (9 ) that it executes a recognition program to analyze, detect and select the flows of bulk materials of any type and that manages the operation of the robots (6) responsible for extracting the materials classified for separation from the main conveyor belt, 9. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises on the main conveyor belt (4) an encoder that constantly provides the process unit (9) with a measurement of the linear speed of the belt for the calculation, by part of the robot, of the necessary speed of the robot arm (6) during the collection of a certain part of selected material. 10. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a material handling device (10), arranged at the entrance of the feeding conveyor belt (1) and having a vibrating feeder (11) extending the material to be separated in a monolayer on said conveyor belt. 11. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vibrating feeder (11) comprises a tray on which vibrating motors (12) are mounted with an inclination between 35-38 ° with respect to the horizontal. 12. - Station, according to claim 11, characterized in that the vibrating motors (12) are mounted on the tray by means of a movable seat (13) with adjustable position. 13. - Station, according to any of claims 11, 12, characterized in that it comprises on the end of the tray of the vibrating feeder (11) a 3D laser camera (14) conforming to a control device of the monolayer and height of the materials . 14. - Station, according to claim 13, characterized in that the 3D laser camera (14) is connected to the process unit (9) that controls in line the measurement of the material monolayer, the speed of the vibrating feeder by means of a variation of the frequency of the electric current supplied to the vibrating motors (12) of the vibrating feeder (11). 15. - Station, according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that it comprises at the exit of the vibrating feeder (11) a slide ramp (5) of transition of the materials from the vibrating feeder (11) to the conveyor belt of feeding (1). 16. Station according to claim 16, characterized in that the slide ramp (15) comprises adjusters (16) for the acceleration of the products to be transferred to the feed conveyor belt (1). 17. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises an electromagnetic induction sensor unit (17) placed under the supply conveyor belt (1). 18. - Station, according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises two rows of induction sensors (17) arranged transversely with respect to the supply conveyor belt (1) covering the total width thereof. 19. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises a laser camera (18) in 3D connected to the process unit (9). 20. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection unit (2) comprises another optical sensor (19) selected from the group: a near infrared sensor (NIR Near Infra Red), color camera, or laser camera. 21. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises in the material separation zone of the main conveyor belt (4) at least one suction hose (8) for the extraction of portions constituted by long sheets of material separated by the robots (6) from the material stream. 22. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the robots (6) have a rotating robot arm with multiple gripping tools for gripping and sorting materials of all types of materials and shapes. 23. - Station, according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the robots (6) have vacuum tools for suction grip and separation of various materials. 24. Station according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feed conveyor belt (1) is constituted by an initial section of the main conveyor belt (4).