WO2012163694A1 - Device for setting axial play - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for setting axial play, in particular on an armature shaft (44) of an electric motor. Said device comprises an axial play setting device (202), which can be accessed from the exterior (212) of the housing (28). On a shaft journal (64) of the armature shaft (44), a fine-pitch thread nut (206) is accommodated on a fine-pitch thread section (204). Said fine-pitch thread nut can be used to set the axial play with respect to a stop (214) of the armature shaft (44).

Description

 Description title

 Apparatus for Adjusting Axial Play Prior Art US 2,934,656 relates to an electric machine. At the commutator end of the electric machine, a spring-loaded ball is received in a bore of a shaft. The spring-loaded shaft is in turn surrounded by a multi-part socket on which a cover is attached. DE 73 33 438 relates to a longitudinally adjustable axial shaft bearing. This is used in particular on the rotor shaft of a low-power electric motor. There is provided a ground plane shaft end, wherein within a bore of a bearing plate immediately after the shaft end a ball and a threaded pin are arranged. The grub screw is provided with a fine thread.

DE 32 16 448 A1 relates to a starting device for internal combustion engines. The starting device comprises a drive shaft with an armature and a commutator. An armature shaft is rotatably mounted in a drive bearing and a Kommutatorlager, which are each mounted in the housing of the Andrehmotors, and has a

Ankerlängsspieleinstelleinrichtung on. At one end of the armature shaft is a

Long play compensation part arranged, which is held by a Längungspieleinstellteil on the armature shaft. The longitudinal clearance compensation part abuts against the commutator-side end face of the drive shaft. In the known from the prior art solutions results in an anchor longitudinal play an electrical machine, such as a starter device for cranking internal combustion engines from a tolerance chain, which results from the number of contiguous, adjacent components. The effective anchor longitudinal play amounts to the individual tolerances involved in the sum. Since the individual components involved in turn are subject to tolerances, it can in the best case, a low effective axial play In the worst case, the axial play is correspondingly greater due to the addition of high tolerances. Due to the number of many involved components according to the solutions of the prior art, the setting of a Axiallängsspiels, for example, an anchor play in an electric machine to a defined value is not possible or only with great effort.

Presentation of the invention

According to the invention, it is proposed that the end opposite to an armature shaft of the electric machine at a starting pinion, i. at the commutator end of the drive shaft to apply a fine thread on the armature shaft. One on the

Fine thread section at the end of the armature shaft screwed fine thread nut is tightened controlled, with a force-displacement monitoring is performed during the tightening process. The tightening takes place until the fine thread nut can no longer be moved, that is to say is turned on "stop"

Fine thread nut "on stop", there is an axial play of 0.

Subsequently, a defined turning back of the fine thread nut, a

Rotary movement of the fine thread nut in the opposite direction, so that depending on the number of revolutions in the direction opposite to the tightening direction, any desired, well-defined axial clearance can be adjusted. The self-adjusting axial clearance depends on the thread pitch that exists in the fine thread, as well as on the backward turning angle of the fine thread nut and the number of full turns of the fine thread nut opposite to the tightening direction.

To secure the position applied to the armature shaft for axial play adjustment

Fine thread nut, this can be embossed, for example, with the armature shaft, welded or glued with threadlocker. Advantageously, to counter the armature shaft in the setting of the well-defined axial play the end of

Anchor shaft provided with a contour. This contour is preferably introduced into the interior of the armature shaft, and may be formed, for example, by a hexagon socket, an internal torx, a slot or a cross slot, or the like. This depends in each case on the geometry of the counter-holding tool used to counteract. Brief description of the drawings

In the appended drawings, the invention will be described in more detail below.

It shows

1 shows a longitudinal section through an electric provided with permanent magnets

 Machine, in particular a starter device, Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through the commutator end of the armature shaft of

 electrical machine according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view from the outside of the commutator bearing cover,

Figure 4 is a mounted fine thread nut and

Figure 5 shows an overlap of the fine thread nut with a cap-shaped element. variants

The inventively proposed device for adjusting axial play can on electrical machines such as a starter device for

Internal combustion engines are used. In the following, the inventively proposed device for adjusting axial play in connection with a starter device provided with permanent magnets will be described. The invention proposed device for adjusting axial play could just as well be used in other electrical machines or in a starter device, the

Pole shoes with excitation windings includes.

Seen in a further context, the solution proposed according to the invention can be used on electrical machines whose armature longitudinal play is to be adjusted, wherein one end of the shaft to be adjusted or secured with respect to its axial play must be accessible from the outside of the housing of the electric machine. The starter device 10 according to FIG. 1 has, for example, a starter motor 13 and a toe-in actuator 16, designed, for example, as a relay or as a starter relay. The starter motor 13 and the electric Vorspuraktuator 16 are fixed to a common drive end plate 19. The starter motor 13 serves to drive a starter pinion 22 when this in a ring gear 25 of a not shown in Figure 1

Internal combustion engine is eingespurt.

The starter motor 13 has a pole tube as a housing 28, which carries permanent magnets 31 on its inner circumference. The permanent magnets 31 in turn surround an armature 37, which has a built-up of fins 40 armature package 43 and arranged in grooves 46

 Armature winding 49 has. The armature package 43 is for example pressed onto an armature shaft 44. At the end of the armature shaft 44 facing away from the starter pinion 22, a commutator 52 is further attached, which among other things consists of individual ones

Commutator blades 55 is constructed. The commutator bars 55 are electrically connected in a known manner with the armature winding 49, that when energized

Commutator blades 55 by carbon brushes 58 sets a rotational movement of the armature 37 within the pole tube 28. An arranged between the Vorspuraktuator 16 and the starter motor 13 power supply 61 supplied in the on state, the carbon brushes 58 with power. The armature shaft 44 is commutator side supported with a shaft journal 64 in a sliding bearing 67, which in turn is held stationary in a Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70. The commutator bearing cap 70 in turn is fastened in the drive end shield 19 by means of tie rods 73 which are distributed over the circumference of the pole tube 28 (screws, for example 2, 3 or 4 pieces). It supports the pole tube 28 on the drive end plate 19 and the commutator bearing cover 70 on the pole tube 28.

As seen in the drive direction, the armature 37 is followed by a sun gear 80, which is part of a planetary gear 83, in particular a planetary gear. The sun gear 80 is surrounded by a plurality of planetary gears 86, usually these are three planet wheels 86, which are supported by means of rolling bearings on journals 92. The

Planet wheels 86 roll in a ring gear 95, which is supported on the outside via an intermediate bearing 101 in the pole tube 28. Towards the output side, the planet gears 86 are adjoined by a planet carrier 98, in which the axle journals 92 are received. The planet carrier 98 is in turn stored in an intermediate storage 101 and in a slide bearing 104 arranged therein. The intermediate bearing 101 is designed cup-shaped, that in this both the planet carrier 98 and the planet wheels 86th are included. Furthermore, in the cup-shaped intermediate bearing 101, the ring gear 95 is arranged, which is ultimately closed by a cover 107 relative to the armature 37. The armature 37 has at the end facing away from the commutator 52 end of the armature shaft 44 has a further shaft journal 1 10, which is also received in a sliding bearing 1 13. The slide bearing 1 13 in turn is received in a central bore of the planet carrier 98. The planet carrier 98 is integrally connected to the output shaft 1 16. The output shaft 1 16 is supported with its end facing away from the intermediate bearing 101 1 19 in a further bearing 122 which is fixed in the drive bearing plate 19, supported. The output shaft 1 16 is divided into several sections. Thus, the section which is arranged in the sliding bearing 104 of the intermediate bearing 101, a section with a

Helical gear 125, which is part of a shaft-hub connection 128. The shaft-hub connection 128 in this case allows the axial sliding with the rearward

Rotary movement of a driver 131, based on the direction of rotation of the shaft. Of the

Mitnehmer 131 is a sleeve-like extension, which is integral with a cup-shaped

 Outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137 is connected. The freewheel 137 (directional locking mechanism) further comprises an inner ring 140, which is arranged radially within an outer ring 132. Between the inner ring 140 and a keyway of the outer ring 132 clamping body 138 are arranged. The clamping body 138 prevent in cooperation of inner and outer ring 132, 140, a relative rotation between the outer ring 132 and the inner ring 140 in a second direction. In other words, the freewheel 137 allows a

Relative movement between the inner ring 140 and the outer ring 132 in one direction only. In this embodiment, the inner ring 140 is formed integrally with the starter pinion 20 and its helical teeth 143 (external helical teeth).

The electric Vorspuraktuator 16, or the starting relay and the linearly movable relay armature 168 also have the task, with a tension member 187 to move in the drive bearing plate 19 movably arranged lever 190. The lever 190, usually designed as a fork lever, engages with two "tines" not shown here between two discs 193 and 194, thereby the starter pinion 22 in the

Sprocket 25 einzuspuren a not shown in Figure 1 internal combustion engine. Between the discs 193 and 194, a driver 197 is arranged. Between one of the discs 193 and 194 and the outer ring 132 of the freewheel 137 extends a

Einspur der 200. Subsequently, the Einspurmechanismus will be discussed. The electric Vorspuraktuator 16 has a connection bolt 150 which represents an electrical contact and in the case of Einbausein in the vehicle to the positive terminal of an electric starter battery, which is not shown in Figure 1, is connected. The terminal bolt 150 is passed through a lid 153. A second bolt 152 is a connection for the electric starter motor 13, which is supplied via the power supply 61 (thick wire). The lid 153 includes a housing 156 made of steel, which by means of several

Fasteners 159 (screws) is attached to the drive end plate 19. In the electric Vorspuraktuator 16 is a pusher 174 for exercising a

Thrust on the fork lever 190 and an electrical switching device 161, consisting of contacts 180, 181 and the contact bridge 184 arranged in the relay cover 153. The starter relay 16 has a holding winding 162 and a pull-in winding 165. Both

Windings 162, 165 each cause an electromagnetic field in the switched-on state, which flows through the components relay housing 156, magnet armature 168 and an armature return 171.

Reference numeral 177 denotes a switching pin or a switching axis, which is received in the armature circuit 171. Contacts 180 and 181 are contacted by a contact bridge 184, which is received on the circumference of the switching pin 177 and the switching axis 177 and in a socket.

The illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the commutator-side end of the armature shaft of the electric machine according to FIG. Figure 2 shows that the armature shaft 44 by means of the sliding bearing 67 in the commutator bearing cap

70 is stored. An end face 210 of the shaft journal 64 of the armature shaft 44 is accessible from the outside. Starting from the end face 210 of the shaft journal 64 of the armature shaft 44, a tool attachment 208 extends. The tool attachment 208 can be formed as a hexagon socket, as an internal torx, as a slot or as a cross slot geometry. Of the

Tool attachment 208 serves to counter the armature shaft 44, as soon as one in Figure 2 in

Section shown fine thread nut 206 is turned on a fine thread section 204 against a here annular stop 214. The fine thread nut 206 is tightened so firmly against the stop 214 that an axial clearance = 0 sets. As is apparent from the illustration of Figure 2, which is on the Fine thread portion 204 screwed fine thread nut 206 from the outside, ie an outside 212 of the commutator bearing cap 70 freely accessible.

In Figure 2, therefore, the bearing assembly is as follows: Between the commutator 52 and the fine thread nut 206 of the commutator bearing cap 70 and the stopper 214 are arranged. Between the commutator 52 and the stop 214 is the

Commutator bearing cap 70 molded with a tubular neck. In the neck, the sliding bearing 67 is inserted. The sliding bearing 67 is thus arranged between the commutator 52 and the stop 214. The stopper 214 is thus located between the tubular nozzle and its end face and the fine thread nut 206. The commutator 52 is provided with a friction-reducing thrust washer, which is here attached to the commutator 52 and rests against an inside of the commutator bearing cap 70.

On the armature shaft 44 of the commutator 52 is mounted, the commutator bars are designated by reference numeral 55. With reference numeral 58, the carbon brushes are referred to, which are employed from the outside via spring elements, not shown, to the commutator fins 55 of the commutator 52. The inventively proposed

Adjustment device 202 for adjusting the axial play of the armature shaft 44, the

Starter device 10, in addition to the fine thread portion 204 on the outside of the shaft journal 64, the said fine thread nut 206.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view from the outside of the commutator bearing cover. As can be seen from the perspective view according to FIG. 3, the housing of the electric machine 10 - in the present case a starter device for starting internal combustion engines is formed by the pole tube 28. Instead of permanent magnets 31, it would also be conceivable to arrange pole shoes on the inside of the pole tube serving as the housing, each of which has a field winding.

FIG. 3 further shows that the armature shaft 44 has the armature 37, which is shown here in section. The housing of the starter device 10 formed by the pole tube 28 is closed by the Kommutatorlagerdeckel 70 through which the shaft journal 64th protrudes outwardly and on the fine thread portion 204, the fine thread nut 206 is screwed.

Figure 4 shows a mounted fine thread nut of the device for adjusting the

Long play the armature shaft 44th

As can be seen from the perspective view according to FIG. 4, FIG

Fine thread nut 206 on its outer circumference, in this case arranged in 90 ° pitch tool lugs 216 on. A tightening tool plunges into these tool lugs 216 when the fine thread nut 206 is bolted to the fine thread portion 204 of the shaft journal 64. If the fine thread nut 206 is rotated by a corresponding, engaging in the tool projections 216 tool, holding the shaft journal 64 by inserting a corresponding counter-holding tool into the tool attachment 208, which is formed on the end face 210 of the shaft journal 64.

Figure 5 shows an overlap of the device for adjusting axial play by a cap-shaped element.

A cap 218 can - as shown in Figure 5 - after setting a

well-defined axial play on the invention proposed adjusting device

202 are screwed to the outside 212 of the commutator bearing cover 70, for example. As a result, the tool lugs 208 on the end face 210 of the shaft journal 64 on the one hand, and on the other hand, the tool lugs 216 on the circumference of the fine thread nut 206, protected against contamination and spray water.

Preferably, the cap 218 is manufactured as an injection molded component from a plastic material. Instead of the geometry shown in Figure 5 in perspective reproduction of the cap 218 other geometries are of course conceivable; only the cap 218 serves to protect the components 204 and 206 of the device 202 for adjusting the axial play of the armature shaft 44th

By a controlled tightening of the fine thread nut 206 "to stop" is done adjusting an axial clearance = 0. In this case, the fine thread nut 206 is flush with the stop 214, in particular designed as a stop ring on

well-defined turning back of the fine thread nut 206 by engaging a correspondingly configured screwing tool with tool lugs 216, which are located on the outer circumference of the fine thread nut 206. By turning back against the tightening direction of the fine thread nut 206 on the fine thread portion 204, any desired axial play armature shaft 44, in particular any desired Ankeraxialspiel be adjusted. The respectively adjustable axial clearance results from the thread pitch of the fine thread and the return angle of the fine thread nut 206 below

Consideration of the respective full turns of the fine thread nut 206 during its turning back.

Preferably, the fine thread nut 206 is after setting the well-defined

Axial play in their position on the fine thread portion 204 of the shaft journal 64 secured. The position assurance of the fine thread nut 206 can, for example, by embossing,

Welding or by using a screw locking bearing. As already mentioned above, the attachment of a counter-holding tool takes place in the

Tool attachment 208, which extends from the end face 210 of the shaft journal 64 from. The tool attachment 208 can, for example, as a hexagon socket, as Innenentorx-, as a slot or as a cross slot depending on the configuration of the inserted

Gegenhaltewerkzeuges be made.

Claims

claims 1 . Device for adjusting axial play, in particular on an armature shaft (44) of an electric machine (10) comprising an axial clearance adjusting device (202) accessible from an outer side (212) of the housing (28), characterized in that Shaft pin (64) of the armature shaft (44) a fine thread nut (206) on a fine thread portion (204) is received, which against a stop (214) for adjusting the axial play of the armature shaft (44) can be adjusted. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (214)  is annular, and is supported on the Kommutatorlagerdeckel (70). 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that on a front side (210) of the drive shaft (44), a tool attachment (208) is executed. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the tool attachment (208) is designed as a hexagon socket, Innentorx, as a slot or Phillips. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fine thread nut (206) on the fine thread portion (204) of the armature shaft (44) is secured in position. 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the storage protection as Verprägung, as cohesive connection or as  Threadlocking paint compound is executed. 7. A method for adjusting axial play on an armature shaft (44) with a  Adjustment device (202) according to one of the preceding claims with  the following process steps: a) controlled tightening of a fine-thread nut (206) against a stop (214), b) tightening of the fine-thread nut (206) until an axial play = 0 is reached, c) defined turning back of the fine thread nut (206) until the desired axial clearance is set, and d) securing the position of the fine thread nut (206) on the fine thread section (204) in its turned back position. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in step a) a force-displacement monitoring during the controlled tightening of  Fine thread nut (206) against the stop (214).