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WO2012151641A1 - Appareil et procédé de concassage - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de concassage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012151641A1
WO2012151641A1 PCT/AU2012/000535 AU2012000535W WO2012151641A1 WO 2012151641 A1 WO2012151641 A1 WO 2012151641A1 AU 2012000535 W AU2012000535 W AU 2012000535W WO 2012151641 A1 WO2012151641 A1 WO 2012151641A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolls
roll
pair
casing
mineral material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2012/000535
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Anton Vorster DE SWARDT
George Louis SIDNEY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MCLANAHAN Corp Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
MCLANAHAN Corp Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2011901790A external-priority patent/AU2011901790A0/en
Application filed by MCLANAHAN Corp Pty Ltd filed Critical MCLANAHAN Corp Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2012253238A priority Critical patent/AU2012253238A1/en
Priority to CA2835639A priority patent/CA2835639C/fr
Publication of WO2012151641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012151641A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details

Definitions

  • Double roll crushers are well known in the mineral processing industry as a means for crushing minerals. They consist of a pair of inwardly rotating rolls mounted within a casing beneath a hopper which is loaded with the mineral material to be crushed. The mineral material is drawn between the rolls as they are inwardly rotated and the mineral is crushed. The rolls are spaced apart by a gap distance which is set according to the size of the crushed product desired. The feed material passes between the rolls when it is crushed sufficiently to fit through the gap.
  • the rolls typically have curved face plates (segments), fastened to the perimeter of the roll, which are replaced as they wear.
  • the segments typically include outwardly extending protrusions or teeth which grip the mineral material and draw it into the gap between the rolls.
  • a sizer is essentially a double roll crusher with the distinguishing feature being that the rolls rotate relatively slowly.
  • a sizer would operate below about 85rpm whereas a general purpose crusher would operate at a higher speed.
  • the lower speed of the sizer reduces the amount of fines generation in the crushing operation. A consequence is that it significantly reduces the cost of washing the ore/mineral.
  • the more uniform product produced also fetches a higher price, especially in the case of coking coal.
  • There is also an environmental benefit because a coarser product is less prone to generate airborne dust than is a fine product. For these reasons a sizer is often preferred over a crusher.
  • Sizers are commonly divided into two categories, namely secondary and tertiary sizers. The main difference is that a secondary sizer typically takes a 200 to 300mm nominal diameter feed product and reduces that down to about a nominal 125mm product whereas tertiary sizers typically take about a 125mm nominal diameter feed and reduce that down to about a nominal SO to 60mm product. In normal mine operations, there would commonly be a preceding primary crushing to produce the 200 to 300mm lump size feed which is then fed to secondary and tertiary crushing operations.
  • a problem with inward rolling sizers is the relatively low throughput when compared with higher speed crushers.
  • the cost to produce larger machines increases in a non-linear fashion so there is no economy of scale available from using larger machines. It can therefore be more cost effective to install two or more sizers of a smaller size rather than a single sizer having a larger capacity.
  • This increases the overall footprint of the crushing equipment.
  • Crushers of this type typically have rolls of about 600mm or 750mm diameter and 600mm, 900mm or 1200mm long.
  • the segments are curved plates typically about 450mm to 600mm long.
  • the components are therefore relatively heavy for manual handling and replacement of segments on a conventional roll crusher is notoriously awkward and difficult with the maintenance person having to climb into the crusher and stand on the rolls while replacing the segments.
  • An aim of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus which overcome, or at least reduce, one or more of the abovementioned difficulties.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for crushing mineral material, said apparatus comprising four rolls, each said roll having a respective substantially horizontal longitudinal axis and each said roll being mounted parallel to the other said rolls in a casing which has an opening at the top for ingress of said mineral material and an opening at the bottom for discharge of said mineral material after said crushing, wherein:
  • the rolls are arranged as two pairs of rolls with each said pair positioned towards a respective side of the casing;
  • said first angle has the same magnitude as said second angle.
  • said first plane is inclined oppositely to said second plane.
  • said axes of said higher first rolls are at substantially the same height.
  • said axes of said second rolls are at substantially the same height.
  • the lower of the rolls in each said pair may be located towards the centre of the casing.
  • the upper of the rolls in each said pair may be located towards the centre of the casing.
  • the casing is formed as two portions releasably fastened to each other and means are provided for separating the two portions to thereby provide access for a person to enter between said pairs of rolls for maintenance of the rolls.
  • the peripheral speed of one roll of each said pair is at least 5% greater than the peripheral speed of its paired roll.
  • the invention provides an apparatus for crushing mineral material, said apparatus comprising a plurality of rolls, each said roll having a respective substantially horizontal longitudinal axis, and each said roll being mounted parallel to each other in a casing which has an opening at the top for ingress of said mineral material and an opening at the bottom for discharge of said mineral material after said crushing between the rolls, wherein said casing is formed as two portions releasably fastened to each other and means are provided for separating the two portions to thereby provide access for a person to enter between each portion for maintenance of the rolls.
  • said separation of the two portions is substantially along a centreline of the casing and parallel to said rolls.
  • the invention provides a method of crushing mineral material in a crusher comprising at least one pair of rolls, the rolls being mounted parallel to each other in a casing which has an opening at the top for ingress of said mineral material and an opening at the bottom for discharge of said mineral material after said crushing, wherein:
  • the peripheral speed of one roll of said pair is at least 5% greater than the peripheral speed of the other roll of said pair.
  • the peripheral speed of one roll of said pair is in the range from 10% to 30% greater than the peripheral speed of the other roll of said pair and, more preferably, from 20 to 25% greater.
  • the pair of rolls may rotate at the same rotational speed and said one roll has a greater diameter than said other roll. Alternatively, or in addition, said one roll may rotate faster than said other roll.
  • Figure 1 is an isometric view of a crusher according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the crusher shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is an end view of the crusher shown in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the crusher shown in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a section view through A-A indicated on Figure 2 onto which is indicated the flow paths of mineral material through the crusher;
  • FIG 6 is an isometric view of the crusher in Figure 1 shown with its casing split and separated for maintenance;
  • Figure 7 is a section view in the manner of Figure S through a crusher according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the crusher 10 shown in Figures 1 to 6 has four rolls 11, 12, 13 and 14 mounted in a casing 16.
  • Roll 12 is hidden in Figures 1 and 6 but is shown in Figures 2 and 5.
  • Each roll is independently driven by its own four-pole induction motor 18 driving through a reducer (gearbox) 20 having a reduction ratio of around 30: 1. All four rolls have the same diameter, which is about 600mm, and are driven at the same speed. All the rolls therefore have the same nominal peripheral speed.
  • the casing 16 has a feed opening 22 at its top for ingress of the material to be crushed and an exit opening 24 at the bottom for discharge of the mineral material after it is crushed.
  • the casing 16 comprises a steel ladder-type frame 17 to which replaceable end frame liner wear plates 55 and side frame wall liner wear plates 57 are affixed from the inside of the casing.
  • Rolls 11 and 13 in combination form a first pair 26 of crushing rolls while rolls 12 and 14 in combination form a second pair 28 of crushing rolls.
  • the direction of rotation of the rolls is shown by the arrows 31, 32, 33 and 34 in Figure 5.
  • the upper portions 15 of the rolls 11 and 13 rotate inwards towards each other so as to draw the mineral material into the gap 27 between those rolls.
  • the upper portions of the rolls 12 and 14 rotate inwards towards each other so as to draw the mineral material into the gap 29 between those rolls.
  • the rolls 11 to 14 have a journal (not visible in the drawings) at each end which engages with a respective bearing mounted into the casing 16.
  • One end of each roll is driven by a respective motor 18 through a gearbox 20.
  • the core portion 40 of each roll within the casing 16 carries curved wear plates (segments) 41 which are screwed onto the peripheral face of the core portion.
  • Each segment 41 extends over one third of the circumference of the roll and, in the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 6, each segment 41 extends for one third of the length of the roll within the casing 16.
  • the segments 41 carry outwardly extending teeth 42.
  • a spring-loaded tramp relief mechanism 44 is provided on each of the rolls to reduce the maintenance required if a piece of steel is accidentally fed to the crusher.
  • the feedstream 45 to the crusher 10 drops into the opening 22 at the centre of the top of the casing 16.
  • Rolls 11 and 13 rotate inwards relative to each other, and rolls 12 and 13 rotate inwards relative to each other.
  • the gap between rolls 11 and 13 and the gap between rolls 12 and 14 form the primary flow paths of material through the machine. These primary flow paths are indicated by the two large arrows marked 46 and 47 respectively in Figure 5.
  • the discharge flows 46 and 47 are directed from the centre of the casing outwards towards the side wall liner wear plates 57.
  • the capacity of the crusher 10 is theoretically estimated to be around 2,2 times the capacity of a crusher having only one pair of rolls of the same length and diameter, while the cost is less than twice that of the crusher having one pair of rolls.
  • the longitudinal axis 38 of roll 13 is higher than the longitudinal axis 36 of roll 11, and the longitudinal axis 37 of roll 14 is higher than the longitudinal axis 39 of roll 12.
  • a plane 63 passing through axes 36 and 38 is inclined at an angle a of 60° to the horizontal, and a plane 64 passing through axes 37 and 39 is similarly inclined at an angle ⁇ of 60° to the horizontal.
  • Angles a and ⁇ have the same magnitude but are oppositely inclined. Angles a and ⁇ need not have the same magnitude in other embodiments. When described as being inclined oppositely it is meant the slope of the planes 63 and 64 are in opposite directions.
  • An advantage of having rolls 13 and 14 mounted above rolls 11 and 12 is that it reduces the footprint of the casing 16 when compared with a casing having the four rolls side by side. It also provides for better distribution of the material into the roll gaps.
  • the advantage of having rolls 13 and 14 raised falls away quickly if the angle is less than 45°. However the angle can be increased to almost 90° whereby rolls 13 and 14 are almost directly above rolls 11 and 12 respectively and may become close enough to provide an additional crushing function therebetween for the material then being fed into the crusher. This means that a single crusher can be operated as both a secondary and tertiary sizing operation in the one machine. This is a large advantage since a user can reduce the number of crushers in his processing plant.
  • larger diameter rolls can be substituted for rolls 13 and 14 which are the higher rolls in the crusher 10. If driven at the same rotational speed as rolls 11 and 12, this would provide the rolls 13 and 14 with a higher peripheral speed than that of rolls II and 12 with which they respectively engage.
  • An advantage of providing a speed differential between engaging rolls is that the material being crushed will be acted upon by greater shear forces as well as compressive forces.
  • a peripheral speed differential between the opposing surfaces of engaging rolls could alternatively be provided by altering the rotational speed at which one roll in an engaging pair is driven. This could be achieved by using a different reduction ratio gearbox 20 on the respective drive assembly, or by using a variable speed drive on the respective electric motor 18 and then controlling the speed differential by electronic control of the variable speed drive.
  • the bearings supporting rolls 13 and 14 may be adjusted horizontally in the casing 16 in order to adjust the position of those rolls and the gap between them and rolls 11 and 12.
  • the casing 16 of the crusher is split along its centre 25 for maintenance purposes.
  • the two halves 67 of the casing 16 can be separated by rolling one or each half on its respective wheels 59 (shown in Figure 3) until there is a gap 61 of at least 800mm.
  • An operator can then enter through the gap 61 in the casing in order to easily replace the segments 41 on the rolls. Maintenance personnel then do not have to climb up on top of the crushing gap in order to perform this maintenance.
  • the two halves of the casing are held together by simple bolted fastenings. There is not a great load on those bolted fastenings during operation of the crusher as the rolls 11 and 12 are not being significantly pushed apart from each other by the material being crushed.
  • Each half of the crusher, with its rolls and drive assemblies, is identical to the other half.
  • a mortise type joint 65 at each interface provides for improved rigidity of the join.
  • the invention also provides for a lower start-up torque under choked conditions compared with a twin roll crusher of the same capacity.
  • the crusher 110 shown in Figure 7 shares most of the features of the crusher shown in Figures 1 to 6. It has four rolls 111, 112, 113 and 114 mounted in a casing 116. All four rolls have the same diameter, which is about 600mm and are driven at the same nominal speed.
  • Rolls 111 and 113 in combination form a first pair 126 of crushing rolls while rolls 112 and 114 in combination form a second pair 128 of crushing rolls.
  • the direction of rotation of the rolls is shown by the arrows 131, 132, 133 and 134,
  • the upper portions of the rolls 111 and 113 rotate inwards towards each other so as to draw the mineral material into the gap 127 between those rolls.
  • the upper portions of the rolls 112 and 114 rotate inwards towards each other so as to draw the mineral material into the gap 129 between those rolls.
  • the feed to the crusher 110 drops into the opening 122 at the top of the casing 116.
  • the gap 127 between rolls 111 and 113 and the gap 129 between rolls 112 and 114 form the primary flow paths of material through the machine. These primary flow paths are indicated by the two large arrows marked 146 and 147.
  • the flow paths 146 and 147 are directed from near the side wall liner wear plates 1S7 inwards towards the centre of the casing 116.
  • the longitudinal axis 136 of roll 111 is higher than the longitudinal axis 138 of roll 113, and the longitudinal axis 139 of roll 112 is higher than the longitudinal axis 137 of roll 114.
  • a plane 163 passing through axes 136 and 138 is inclined at an angle a of 60° to the horizontal, and a plane 165 passing through axes 137 and 139 is similarly inclined at an angle a of 60° to the horizontal.
  • An advantage of the configuration of crusher 110 compared with that of crusher 10 is that there is a further reduction in the generation of fines because there is less roll surface in contact with the stationary or slow moving feed material. Another advantage is that the more central discharge of crushed product from the rolls results in less wear on the chute (not shown) mounted below the discharge opening 124. In contrast, an advantage of the configuration of crusher 10 compared with that of crusher 110 is that it would incur more symmetrica] wear when used with an unchoked feed. This is because, with an unchoked feed at the opening 122 of the casing 116, the flow of material would in practice be unevenly distributed with more flow going to one pair of rolls than to the other, so the crusher 110 would suffer non- symmetrical wear.
  • a difference in the peripheral speeds of engaging rollers in a crushing pair in the crusher 110 can be created as described above in relation to crusher 10.
  • larger diameter rolls can be substituted for rolls 113 and 114 in crusher 1 10, or the rolls can be driven at differing rotational speeds by using different ratio gearboxes or different speeds for the respective electric motors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un concasseur (10) pour de la matière minérale comprenant quatre rouleaux (11-14) à axes horizontaux parallèles (36-39). Les rouleaux sont dans une enveloppe (16) ayant une ouverture supérieure (22) pour l'introduction de la matière minérale et une ouverture au fond (24) pour son évacuation après concassage. Les rouleaux sont disposés en deux paires (26, 28), chaque paire étant placée vers un côté respectif de l'enveloppe. Pour chaque paire les parties supérieures des rouleaux tournent l'une vers l'autre pour entraîner la matière dans un espace (27, 29) entre ceux-ci. Dans chaque paire l'axe d'un rouleau est plus élevé que l'axe du second rouleau. Un plan (63) passant par les axes d'une paire est incliné à plus de 45° alors qu'un plan (64) passant par les axes de l'autre paire est incliné dans l'autre sens à plus de 45°.
PCT/AU2012/000535 2011-05-12 2012-05-14 Appareil et procédé de concassage Ceased WO2012151641A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2012253238A AU2012253238A1 (en) 2011-05-12 2012-05-14 Crushing apparatus and method
CA2835639A CA2835639C (fr) 2011-05-12 2012-05-14 Appareil et procede de concassage

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2011901790 2011-05-12
AU2011901790A AU2011901790A0 (en) 2011-05-12 Crushing Apparatus and Method
AU2011902828A AU2011902828A0 (en) 2011-07-15 Crushing Apparatus and Method
AU2011902828 2011-07-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012151641A1 true WO2012151641A1 (fr) 2012-11-15

Family

ID=47138579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2012/000535 Ceased WO2012151641A1 (fr) 2011-05-12 2012-05-14 Appareil et procédé de concassage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2012253238A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2835639C (fr)
CL (1) CL2013003234A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO6940387A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012151641A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223524A1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-19 Takraf Gmbh Maschinenrahmen für eine Rollenpresse
CN106807516A (zh) * 2017-03-30 2017-06-09 碎得机械(北京)有限公司 一种四轴破碎机
CN107335502A (zh) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-10 天津市川浩塑料制品有限公司 一种新型四辊研磨装置
CN110394210A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-01 济南大学 一种环保矿山破碎机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107466615B (zh) * 2017-08-24 2018-06-22 台州市黄岩福海包装有限公司 一种可再生能源加工设备

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB887322A (en) * 1957-05-13 1962-01-17 Simon Ltd Henry Improvements in rollermills for the grinding of cereal products
SU1494972A1 (ru) * 1987-07-15 1989-07-23 Коммунарский металлургический комбинат Устройство дл дроблени материала
CN201807395U (zh) * 2010-10-19 2011-04-27 大连宝锋机器制造有限公司 齿辊破碎机

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB887322A (en) * 1957-05-13 1962-01-17 Simon Ltd Henry Improvements in rollermills for the grinding of cereal products
SU1494972A1 (ru) * 1987-07-15 1989-07-23 Коммунарский металлургический комбинат Устройство дл дроблени материала
CN201807395U (zh) * 2010-10-19 2011-04-27 大连宝锋机器制造有限公司 齿辊破碎机

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223524A1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-19 Takraf Gmbh Maschinenrahmen für eine Rollenpresse
US10065192B2 (en) 2014-11-18 2018-09-04 Takraf Gmbh Machine frame for a roll press
CN107335502A (zh) * 2016-05-03 2017-11-10 天津市川浩塑料制品有限公司 一种新型四辊研磨装置
CN106807516A (zh) * 2017-03-30 2017-06-09 碎得机械(北京)有限公司 一种四轴破碎机
CN110394210A (zh) * 2019-09-06 2019-11-01 济南大学 一种环保矿山破碎机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2012253238A1 (en) 2013-11-28
CL2013003234A1 (es) 2014-07-11
CO6940387A2 (es) 2014-05-09
CA2835639A1 (fr) 2012-11-15
CA2835639C (fr) 2020-06-30

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