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WO2012151588A1 - Accouplement de pompes électrocinétiques - Google Patents

Accouplement de pompes électrocinétiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012151588A1
WO2012151588A1 PCT/US2012/036827 US2012036827W WO2012151588A1 WO 2012151588 A1 WO2012151588 A1 WO 2012151588A1 US 2012036827 W US2012036827 W US 2012036827W WO 2012151588 A1 WO2012151588 A1 WO 2012151588A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrokinetic
electrokinetic pump
flow rate
cycle
delivery fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2012/036827
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth Kei-ho NIP
Kenneth R. Hencken
Doris Sun-Chia SHIEH
Robert B. LEWIS
Tuan Quoc MAI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eksigent Technologies LLC
Original Assignee
Eksigent Technologies LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eksigent Technologies LLC filed Critical Eksigent Technologies LLC
Publication of WO2012151588A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012151588A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/04—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F04B23/06—Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of reciprocating positive-displacement type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive
    • F04B43/043—Micropumps

Definitions

  • This application relates generally to methods for delivery a volume of fluid with a pump system. More specifically, the disclosure relates to a pump system including a plurality of electrokinetic pumps ganged together.
  • Electrokinetic or electro-osmotic manipulations of fluids represent the state- of-the art in controlled, high precision, small volume fluid transport and handling. Electro- osmosis involves the application of an electric potential to an electrolyte, in contact with a dielectric surface, to produce a net flow of the electrolyte.
  • EK pumps have widespread and wide ranging applications, such as for chemical analysis, drug delivery, and analyte sampling.
  • design challenges associated with using EK pumps such as obtaining a high flow rate, a large range of flow rates from a single EK pump system, and achieving continuous flow.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a pump system having a plurality of EK pumps ganged together to achieve a high flow rates, a large range of flow rates, and/or substantially continuous flow.
  • an electrokinetic system in one aspect, includes a first electrokinetic pump, a second electrokinetic pump, a reservoir having delivery fluid therein, and a controller.
  • the first electrokinetic pump is configured to provide a first range of flow rates.
  • the second electrokinetic pump is configured to provide a second range of flow rates.
  • the second range includes flow rates that are greater than the flow rates of the first range.
  • the reservoir is fluidically attached to the first electrokinetic pump and the second electrokinetic pump.
  • the controller is configured to apply voltage to one of the first or second electrokinetic pumps and then apply voltage to the other of the first or second electrokinetic pumps so as to vary the flow rate range of delivery fluid pump from the reservoir.
  • a method of pumping fluid includes applying voltage with a controller to a first electrokinetic pump to pump delivery fluid from a reservoir at a first flow rate; and applying voltage with the controller to a second electrokinetic pump to pump delivery fluid from the reservoir at a second flow rate, the second flow rate different than the first flow rate.
  • the flow rate range of the electrokinetic system can be from approximately 0.0001 mL/hr to 1,200 mL/hr, such as 0.0001 mL/hr to 1,000 mL/hr, for example 0.01 mL/hr to 30 mL/hr.
  • the system can further include a third electrokinetic pump configured to provide a third range of flow rates.
  • the third range can include flow rates that are greater than the flow rates of the second range.
  • the reservoir can be fluidically connected to the third electrokinetic pump, and wherein the controller is configured to apply voltage to one of the first or second or third electrokinetic pumps and then apply voltage to the another of the first or second electrokinetic pumps so as to vary the flow rate range of delivery fluid pumped from the reservoir.
  • the flow range of the first electrokinetic pump can be approximately 0.01-5mL/hr, and the flow rate of second
  • the electrokinetic pump can be approximately 0.1 -15mL/hr.
  • the first and second pumps can be electrically connected in parallel.
  • the first electrokinetic pump can include a first pressure sensor, and the second electrokinetic pump can include a second pressure sensor.
  • the first electrokinetic pump can include a first check valve, and the second electrokinetic pump can include a second check valve.
  • the controller can be configured to apply voltage to both of the first and second electrokinetic pumps simultaneously to increase the flow rate of delivery fluid pumped from the reservoir.
  • an electrokinetic system includes a first electrokinetic pump and a second electrokinetic pump, a reservoir having delivery fluid therein, and a controller.
  • the reservoir is fluidically attached to the first electrokinetic pump and the second electrokinetic pump.
  • the controller is configured to apply voltage in a first cycle to the first electrokinetic pump and to apply voltage in a second cycle to a second electrokinetic pump.
  • the controller is further configured to stagger the start-time of the first and second cycles so as to provide substantially continuous flow of the delivery fluid from the reservoir.
  • a method of pumping includes applying voltage in a first cycle to a first electrokinetic pump and applying voltage in a second cycle to a second pump.
  • the first and second electrokintic pumps are fluidically connected to a reservoir having a delivery fluid therein.
  • the start-time of the second cycle is delayed relative to the start-time of the first cycle so as to provide substantially continuous flow of the delivery fluid from the reservoir.
  • the system can further include a third electrokinetic pump and a fourth electrokinetic pump.
  • the reservoir can be fluidically attached to the third and fourth electrokinetic pumps.
  • the controller can be configured to apply voltage in a third cycle to the third electrokinetic pump and to apply voltage in a fourth cycle to the fourth electrokinetic pump.
  • the controller can be configured to stagger the start-times of the first, second, third, and fourth cycles so as to provide substantially continuous flow of the delivery fluid from the reservoir.
  • the controller can be configured to synchronize the cycles such that the first cycle includes an intake or outtake stroke only when the second cycle includes a zero-voltage phase, the second cycle includes an intake or an outtake stroke only when the first cycle includes a zero-voltage phase, the third cycle includes an intake or an outtake stroke only when the fourth cycle includes a zero-voltage phase, the fourth cycle includes an intake or an outtake stroke only when the third cycle includes a zero-voltage phase.
  • the controller can be further configured to synchronize the cycles such that the first cycle includes an intake stroke when the third cycle includes an outtake stroke, and the third cycle includes an intake stroke when the first cycle includes an outtake stroke.
  • the controller can be configured to synchronize the cycles such that the first cycle includes an intake stroke while the second cycle includes an intake stroke.
  • the third cycle can include an intake stroke while the second cycle includes an intake stroke.
  • the fourth cycle can include an intake stroke while the third cycle includes an intake stroke.
  • the first electrokinetic pump can be connected to a first electrokinetic engine, and the first electrokinetic engine can be further connected to a third electrokinetic pump.
  • the second electrokinetic pump can be connected to a second
  • the electrokinetic engine, and the second electrokinetic engine can be further connected to a fourth electrokinetic pump.
  • the first and second engines can be reciprocating engines.
  • the instantaneous flow rate can never drop to zero during the delivery of fluid.
  • the instantaneous flow rate of the system can vary by less than 20% from a target flow rate, such as less than 10%, for example less than 5%.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional diagram of an EK pump assembly.
  • FIG. 2A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for an EK pump assembly.
  • FIG. 2B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic of a ganged EK pump system having a plurality of EK pump assemblies connected together.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic a ganged EK pump system having two EK pump assemblies connected hydrodynamically and electrically in parallel.
  • FIG. 5 A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for the ganged EK pump system of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 5B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic of a ganged EK pump system having two EK pump assemblies connected hydrodynamically in parallel and controlled by a single controller.
  • FIG. 7A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for the ganged EK pump system as shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 7B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic of a ganged EK pump system having two EK pump assemblies connected hydrodynamically in parallel and having distributed control.
  • FIG. 9A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for a ganged EK pump system having four EK pump assemblies connected as shown in FIG. 8 with no overlap in application of voltage.
  • FIG. 9B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time.
  • FIG. 10A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for a ganged EK pump system having four EK pump assemblies connected as shown in FIG. 8 with overlap in application of voltage.
  • FIG. 10B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic of a ganged EK pump system having two reciprocating
  • EK engines configured to run four electrokinetic pumps that are connected together
  • FIG. 12A shows an exemplary graph of voltage vs. time for the ganged EK pump system of FIG. 11 with no overlap in application of voltage.
  • FIG. 12B shows the corresponding flow rate profile vs. time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
  • an electrokinetic (“EK”) pump assembly 100 includes an EK pump 101 connected to an EK engine 103.
  • the EK engine 103 includes a first chamber 102 and a second chamber 104 separated by a porous dielectric material 106, which provides a fluidic path between the first chamber 102 and the second chamber 104.
  • Capacitive electrodes 108a and 108b are disposed within the first and second chambers 102, 104, respectively, and are situated adjacent to or near each side of the porous dielectric material 106.
  • the EK engine 103 includes a movable member 110 in the first chamber 102, opposite the electrode 108a.
  • the moveable member 110 can be, for example, a flexible impermeable diaphragm.
  • a pump fluid such as an electrolyte, can fill the EK engine, such as be present in the first and/or second chambers 102 and 104, including the space between the porous dielectric material 106 and the capacitive electrodes 108a and 108b.
  • the capacitive electrodes 108a and 108b are in communication with an external voltage source, such as through lead wires or other conductive media.
  • the EK pump 101 includes a delivery chamber 122 and a movable member 113 having a first edge 112 contacting the delivery chamber 122 and a second edge 111 contacting the second chamber 104.
  • the first and second edges 112, 111 are flexible diaphragms having a mechanical piston therebetween.
  • the first and second edges 112, 111 are flexible diaphragms having a gel material therebetween. Gel couplings are described further in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/482,889, filed May 5, 2011 , and titled "GEL COUPLING FOR ELECTROKINETIC DELIVERY SYSTEMS," and U.S. Patent Application No.
  • the delivery chamber 122 can include a delivery fluid, such as a drug or medication, e.g., insulin or pain management medications, or a cleansing fluid, such as a wound cleansing fluid, supplied to the delivery chamber 122 from a fluid reservoir 141.
  • a delivery fluid such as a drug or medication, e.g., insulin or pain management medications
  • a cleansing fluid such as a wound cleansing fluid
  • An inlet check valve 142 between the fluid reservoir 141 and delivery chamber 122 can control the supply of delivery fluid to the delivery chamber 122, while an outlet check valve 144 can control the delivery of delivery fluid from the delivery chamber 122, such as to a patient.
  • a first pressure sensor 152 and a second pressure sensor 154 can monitor the flow of fluid from the system.
  • a flow restrictor 160 can be present in the pump 101 to produce a pressure differential between sensors 152, 154 so as to provide a mechanism for measuring the flow of the fluid. Mechanisms for monitoring fluid flow are described further in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.
  • the electrokinetic assembly 100 works by producing electrokinetic or electroostmostic flow.
  • a voltage such as a positive voltage, is applied to the electrodes 108a, 108b, which causes the engine fluid to move from the second chamber 104 to the first chamber 102.
  • the engine fluid may flow through or around the electrodes 108a and 108b when moving between the chambers 104, 102.
  • the flow of fluid causes the movable member 110 to be pushed out of the chamber 102 and the movable member 113 to be pulled into chamber 104.
  • delivery fluid is pulled from the reservoir 141 into the delivery chamber 122.
  • the movement of delivery fluid from the reservoir into the delivery chamber 122 is called the "intake stroke" of the pump cycle.
  • the opposite voltage such as a negative voltage
  • fluid moves from the first chamber 102 to the second chamber 104.
  • the movement of engine fluid between chambers causes the movable member 110 to be pulled into the first chamber 102 and the movable member 113 to expand to compensate for the additional volume of engine fluid in the second chamber 104.
  • delivery fluid in the chamber 122 is pushed out of the chamber 122 and delivered, such as to a patient, through the outlet check valve 144.
  • the delivery of fluid is called the "outtake stroke" of the pump cycle.
  • a positive voltage corresponds to the intake stroke and a negative voltage corresponds to an outtake stroke
  • a controller can be used to control the voltage applied to the electrodes 108a, 108b.
  • a controller can be configured to apply voltage to the EK assembly 100 in a pump cycle 261.
  • Each pump cycle 261 includes an intake stroke 263, a dwell phase 265, an outtake stroke 267, and a wait phase 269.
  • the controller applies a positive voltage to pull delivery fluid from the fluid reservoir 141 into the pump 101.
  • a negative voltage is applied to push delivery fluid out of the pump 101, e.g., to a patient.
  • a zero voltage is applied.
  • the zero voltage phases are important to allow for the delivery fluid to finish traveling through the pump 101 after the voltage has stopped being applied and to control the overall flow rate of the delivery fluid from the pump 101, i.e. to allow fluids in the various chambers to settle and to allow the check valves to fully close to prevent fluid back-flow into the pumping chamber.
  • the controller can have a programmed delay 271 prior to the start-time 273 of the cycle of cycles 261. Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, each pump cycle 261 will result in the delivery of a single bolus 275 of fluid.
  • the electrokinetic pump assembly 100 can be configured to stop pumping in a particular direction, i.e. with negative or positive current, prior to the occurrence of a Faradaic process in the liquid. Accordingly, the electrodes will advantageously not generate gas or significantly alter the pH of the pump fluid.
  • the set-up and use of various EK pump assemblies are further described in U.S. Patent Nos. 7,235, 164 and 7,517,440, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • two or more EK pump assemblies 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d can be ganged, i.e., connected together, in a single electrokinetic pump system 399 to deliver fluid from a single reservoir 341.
  • the pump assemblies 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d can have their output lines connected at a fitting 383, such as a T-fitting or trio of Y-fittings, so as to provide a single output 305.
  • a controller 391 can be configured to control the cycles all of the pump systems 300a, 300b, 300c, 300d such that the desired flow profile is obtained from the EK pump system 399.
  • two or more EK pump assemblies 400a (having EK engine 403a and EK pump 401a), 400b (having EK engine 403b and EK pump 401b) can be connected together in parallel both electrically and hydrodynamically to form a single EK pump system
  • a single controller 491 can be connected to both EK engines 403a, 403b to control delivery of fluid from a single reservoir 441. Because the sensors are connected in parallel, a single set of pressure sensors 452, 454 and a single set of check valves 442, 444 can be used for the entire EK pump system 499.
  • a single controller 491 applies a positive voltage
  • both pump assemblies 400a, 400b will produce an intake stroke 563a, 563b
  • both pump assemblies 400a, 400b will produce an outtake stroke 567a, 567b.
  • the EK pump system 499 will experience a single dwell time 565 and a single wait time 569.
  • the individual boluses 575a, 575b associated with each pump assembly 400a, 400b, respectfully, will occur at the same time, thereby producing a single large bolus 575 of fluid for the EK pump system 499.
  • the flow rate of the EK pump system can be increased without hindering manufacturability or efficiency. Because the flow rate of a single EK assembly is directly proportional to the area of the EK pump element, one mechanism for increasing the flow rate is to increase the size of the EK pump element. However, doing so can cause manufacturing difficulties, such as producing a large porous dielectric material and requiring production of a variety of sizes of EK engines. Another mechanism for increasing the flow rate is to increase the applied voltage. However, doing so can be inefficient because, while the voltage is directly proportional to the flow rate, increasing the voltage also increases the required current draw.
  • EK pump assemblies 600a having EK engine 603a and EK pump 601a
  • 600b having EK engine 603b and EK pump 601b
  • Each EK system 600a, 600b can include a separate intake valve 642a, 642b, outtake valve 644a, 644b, first pressure sensor 652a, 652b, and second pressure sensor 654a, 654b, respectively.
  • a single controller 691 can be connected to both EK engines 603a, 603b to control delivery of fluid with the EK pump system 699 from a single reservoir 641.
  • the controller 691 can be connected to a multiplexer or mechanical relay 693 to select which pump to communicate with at a given time.
  • EK assembly 600a can have a different range of flow rates than EK assembly 600b.
  • EK assembly 600b can be configured to run at greater flow rates than EK assembly 600a.
  • FIG. 6 shows only two EK assemblies 600a, 600b connected together, there can be more than two EK assemblies in a ganged EK pump system.
  • a third EK system could be connected to the first and second pumps and configured to run at a range of flow rates different than the first or second ranges, such as a range having rates that are higher than the first and second EK systems.
  • At least one of the EK systems is configured to pump fluid at approximately 0.01 to 5 mL/hr and at least one of the EK systems is configured to pump fluid at approximately .1 to 15mL/hr. In another embodiment, at least one of the EK systems is configured to pump fluid at approximately 0.01 to 5 mL/hr and at least on of the EK systems is configure to pump fluid at approximately 1 to 300 mL/hr. In another embodiment, at least one of the EK systems is configured to pump fluid at approximately 0.1 to 15mL/hr and at least one of the EK systems is configured to pump fluid at approximately 1 to 300 mL/hr.
  • the controller 691 can first apply a positive voltage to pump assembly 600a to produce an intake stroke 763a and then a negative voltage to produce an outtake stroke 767a. Subsequently, the controller 691 can switch and apply a positive voltage to pump assembly 600b to produce an intake stroke 763b and then a negative voltage to produce an outtake stroke 767b. Optionally, the controller 691 can then switch back to running EK pump system 600a. As shown in FIG. 7B, the bolus 775b produced by the second EK pump assembly 600b, designed to have a higher flow rate than the first EK pump assembly 600a, will be larger than the bolus 775a produced by the fist EK pump assembly 600a.
  • a system having a wide range of flow rates can be achieved.
  • the system can be configured to have a range of flow rates from 0.0001 mL/hr to 1200 mL/hr, such as 0.0001 mL/hr to 1,000 mL/hr, for example O.OlmL/hr to 30mL/hr.
  • Having a wide range of flow rates can be advantageous during various medical procedures, such as IV infusion or insulin delivery.
  • basal flow rates need to be very low, such as O.lml/hr, while bolus rates need to be very fast, such as 30ml/hr.
  • the controller 691 can run both EK assemblies 600a, 600b at the same time, thereby increasing the total flow rate range achievable by the EK pump system 699.
  • the accuracy of the system can be increased relative to using a single EK assembly having a large flow rate. That is, each EK pump system has an optimal delivery volume where the EK engine is most efficient. For example, a large delivery pump that has only a small percentage error can still cause significant errors if being used to deliver small volumes.
  • the corresponding system components such as the sensors and check valves, can be dialed with a resolution that matches the optimal volume to achieve better accuracy.
  • timing errors caused by slow responsiveness of larger components can be minimized by controlling smaller pumps to move small amounts of liquid rather than using a large pump to deliver small volumes of liquid. Accordingly, a ganged pumped system having pumps of different volumes can advantageously provide a more robust response range based upon the optimal ranges of the pumps used.
  • each EK assembly 800a, 800b can include a separate intake valve 842a, 842b, outtake valve 844a, 844b, first pressure sensor 852a, 852b, and second pressure sensor 854a, 854b, respectively.
  • a single master controller 891 can be used for the EK pump system 899.
  • the master controller 891 can be connected to a first slave controller 895a for controlling delivery of fluid from the reservoir 841 with the first EK assembly 800a and to a second slave controller 895b for controlling delivery of fluid from the reservoir 841 with the second EK assembly 800b.
  • the slave controllers 895a, 895b can, for example, perform feedback measurements, control loop calculations, and current controls.
  • the master controller 891 in contrast, can be configured to align the pump cycles of each of the assemblies 800a, 800b to achieve the desired flow profile for the EK pump system 899.
  • Communication between the master controller 891 and slave controllers 895a, 895b can include which slave is controlling delivery at a particular time, what volume of fluid is delivered, and any errors in delivery.
  • the controller 891 can be configured to synchronize the pump cycles of each of the EK assemblies 800 to achieve substantially continuous flow for the EK pump system 899.
  • the controller 891 can be configured to stagger the start-times 973a, 973b, 973c, 973d such that there is no overlap between any of the intake strokes 963a, 963b, 963c, 963d and so that there is no overlap between the outtake strokes 967a, 967b, 967c, 967d.
  • the cycle for the first pump assembly can start at time zero
  • the cycle for the second pump assembly can start after a delay 971b, which corresponds to the length of time of the intake stroke 963a
  • the cycle for the third pump assembly can start after a delay 971c, which corresponds to the length of time required for the intake strokes 963a and 963b
  • the cycle for the fourth pump assembly can start after a delay 97 Id, which corresponds to the length of time required for the intake strokes 963a, 963b, 963c.
  • FIG. 9B there will be a series of boluses 975a, 975b, 975c, 975d strung closely together so as to achieve substantially continuous flow of fluid, i.e. the instantaneous flow rate measured at the distal end of the pump system proximate to where the pump system is connected to the patient never drops to zero.
  • the controller 891 can be configured to stagger the start-times 1073a, 1073b, 1073c, 1073d such that there is overlap between at least some of the intake strokes 1063a, 1063b, 1063c, 1063d and so that there is overlap between at least some of the outtake strokes 1067a, 1067b, 1067c, 1067d.
  • the start-times 1073a, 1073b, 1073c, 1073d such that there is overlap between at least some of the intake strokes 1063a, 1063b, 1063c, 1063d and so that there is overlap between at least some of the outtake strokes 1067a, 1067b, 1067c, 1067d.
  • the cycle for the first pump assembly can start at time zero
  • the cycle for the second pump assembly can start after a delay 1071b, which is shorter than the length of time of the intake stroke 1063a
  • the cycle for the third pump assembly can start after a delay 1071c, which has a length of time shorter than the length of delay 1071b plus the intake stroke 1063b
  • the cycle for the fourth pump assembly can start after a delay 107 Id, which has a length of time shorter than the length of delay 1071c plus the length of the intake stroke 1063c.
  • the controller 891 can run two or more cycles concurrently so as to increase flow.
  • the system set-up of FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 can provide substantially continuous flow of fluid from the fluid reservoir.
  • substantially continuous flow can be provided.
  • a peak concentration level of delivery fluid such as a medication
  • Minimizing peak concentration level can reduce the risk of toxic effects associated with peak concentrations.
  • Such a system can be particularly advantageous for medications having a high toxicity.
  • the variation in the instantaneous flow rate can advantageously be decreased.
  • the instantaneous flow rate measured at the distal end of the pump will never drop to zero and can be maintained within 20% of the target flow rate, such as within 10% of the target flow rate, for example within 5% of the target flow rate.
  • EK pump assemblies 1100a, 1100b can be connected together in EK pump system 1 199.
  • the system 1199 can have the same features as the system of FIG. 8 except that each EK pump assembly 1100a, 1100b can include reciprocating engines 1103a, 1103b. Accordingly, engine 1103a can power two pumps 1101a, 1101c, and engine 1 103b can power two pumps 1 101b, 1 1 Old. Further, each pump can have its own set of pressure sensors and inlet/outlet valves.
  • EK engine 1 103a can produce an intake stroke 1263a and an outtake stroke 1267c at the same time.
  • EK engine 1103b can produce an intake stroke 1263b and an outtake stroke 1267d at the same time. Accordingly, only one delay 1271b is needed to synchronize the EK pump assemblies 1 100a, 1 100b, resulting in boluses 1275a, 1275b, 1275c, 1275d that produce substantially continuous flow.
  • reciprocating pumps can be cheaper and easier to assemble, are more compact, and can increase the efficiency of the system relative to single engine - single pump systems.
  • FIG. 12A shows only non-overlapping intake and outtake strokes, the controller 1191 can be configured to overlap the intake/outtake strokes so as to achieve more continuous flow for the EK pump system 1 199.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système électrocinétique, qui comprend une première pompe électrocinétique, une deuxième pompe électrocinétique, un réservoir contenant un fluide d'apport, et un organe de commande. La première pompe électrocinétique est conçue pour fournir une première plage de débits. La deuxième pompe électrocinétique est conçue pour fournir une deuxième plage de débits. La deuxième plage comprend des débits supérieurs à ceux de la première plage. Le réservoir est relié de manière fluidique à la première pompe électrocinétique et à la deuxième pompe électrocinétique. L'organe de commande est conçu pour appliquer une tension à l'une des deux pompes électrocinétiques, et appliquer ensuite une tension à l'autre desdites pompes électrocinétiques afin de faire varier la plage de débits de la pompe du fluide d'apport provenant du réservoir.
PCT/US2012/036827 2011-05-05 2012-05-07 Accouplement de pompes électrocinétiques Ceased WO2012151588A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US201161482949P 2011-05-05 2011-05-05
US61/482,949 2011-05-05

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CN105822614A (zh) * 2016-04-14 2016-08-03 南京航空航天大学 一种电静液作动器

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