WO2012141405A1 - Three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus for thick plate using high frequency induction heating by controlling automatic precise positioning of coil - Google Patents
Three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus for thick plate using high frequency induction heating by controlling automatic precise positioning of coil Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012141405A1 WO2012141405A1 PCT/KR2011/010072 KR2011010072W WO2012141405A1 WO 2012141405 A1 WO2012141405 A1 WO 2012141405A1 KR 2011010072 W KR2011010072 W KR 2011010072W WO 2012141405 A1 WO2012141405 A1 WO 2012141405A1
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- Prior art keywords
- thick plate
- heating
- coil
- frequency induction
- induction heating
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/20—Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
- B21D11/22—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/002—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
- B21D35/005—Processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00 characterized by the material of the blank or the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/14—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes combined with measuring of bends or lengths
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention uses high-frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control, and has a displacement measuring means to measure height displacement before and after heating of a thick plate to enable more precise curved processing.
- the shipyards design the alignment to have the optimum driving performance by considering the cargo load, speed and fuel consumption rate to meet the purpose of the ship and the requirements of the owner.
- the outer shell of the hull is composed of many three-dimensional curved surfaces.
- the hull shell, defined by the linear design, is divided into about 100-300 shells through a landing process.
- the thick plate is processed by using a variety of processing equipment such as rollers and presses.
- Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2009-0093657 discloses a "hulling shell forming apparatus using a method for calculating the multi-point press position information for forming the hull shell," and a schematic state diagram of use is shown in FIG.
- each outer plate since each outer plate rarely has the same shape and dimensions, and is a thick plate in the range of 10 to 40 mm thick, which is difficult to form into a desired shape at one time, the same shape is used only by a cold forming process such as a multi-point press. Since it is difficult to complete a hull curved surface processing, the hot working method using linear heating for processing the outer shell of a hull to a curved surface is repeatedly applied for final precision molding.
- the prior art of the hot working process using the linear heating is to generate plastic deformation in the thick plate through the tension and compression of the plate while undergoing the process of intensive heating and cooling a certain area corresponding to the surface of the plate using a gas torch By using the principle, it is used as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of gas torch 40 is provided on the rear plate 30 for the curved processing, and the plurality of gas torches 40 are disposed to be spaced apart in a straight line to radiate the flame downward.
- the hot working method has a problem that the material is deformed in an undesired direction if the temperature of the thick plate 30 is not precisely controlled by applying a high heat locally to the thick plate 30, and the heating direction, speed, heat input amount, cooling Since there are many factors affecting the work such as the method and the thickness of the plate, it is difficult to control the required curvature of the thick plate.
- an object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a three-dimensional displacement measuring means in performing a linear heating process using high-frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control desired heating wire before heating the thick plate Preliminary measurement of the virtual three-dimensional heating wire in the direction, and the measurement of the height direction displacement after the linear heating to enable more precise bending, three-dimensional bending of the thick plate using high frequency induction heating by automatic three-dimensional coil position control. It is in providing a device.
- Another object of the present invention is to optimize the shape and arrangement of the heating coil to enable rapid heating, and to provide automatic control of the coil position to improve workability and productivity by providing a conveying means to enable three-dimensional movement of the heating coil. It is to provide a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating.
- the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control is characterized by performing high frequency induction heating on a power plate, a frame supporting a plurality of parts, and a thick plate seated on a work table.
- the displacement measuring means is arranged to be spaced apart from the heating means, characterized in that for measuring the height data for each position of the thick plate to transmit to the control means.
- the displacement measuring means is characterized in that the contact sensor is applied.
- the conveying means is characterized in that the heating means is guided to be movable in three dimensions with respect to the thick plate.
- the heating means includes a transformer positioned under the heating means for induction heating the thick plate, a control box for controlling the output size of the high frequency current by receiving power from the power supply means, and the control box and the transformer electrically It characterized in that it comprises a connector for connecting.
- the transformer is characterized in that it comprises a coil for generating an alternating flux by receiving a high frequency current from the control box, and a core for receiving the coil therein.
- the coil is characterized in that it is formed by bending a bar having a rectangular cross section a number of times.
- the coil is bent to open in one direction.
- the core is characterized in that formed of a plurality of silicon steel sheet.
- the heat exchanger is characterized by simultaneously cooling the transformer and the connector.
- the transformer, the control box and the connector are integrally coupled and move simultaneously.
- the connector is formed by bending a metal plate a plurality of times, characterized in that the flow path is formed on one side via the cooling water provided from the heat exchanger.
- the outer side spaced apart from the transformer characterized in that it is provided with a spacing for limiting the separation distance between the transformer and the rear plate by rolling motion in contact with the rear plate.
- the conveying means is characterized in that it comprises a shanghai sending portion for allowing the heating means to linearly reciprocate in the height direction of the frame.
- the shape and arrangement of the coil and the core are optimized, and the movement of the coil is automatically controlled. Therefore, it was comprised so that rapid heating of the surface part near a coil may be possible in the heating wire center and thickness direction.
- the present invention has the advantage that the accuracy is improved because the machining error is reduced by measuring the height information for each position of the thick plate with a displacement measuring means and compared by position after the machining.
- FIG. 1 is a use state diagram of a thick plate bending machine according to the prior art
- Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a front view showing a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a heating means in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view showing a transformer which is a main component of a heating means in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a front view showing the configuration of a preferred embodiment of a transformer.
- FIG. 8 is a side view showing the configuration of a preferred embodiment of a transformer.
- Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a spacing maintenance block as one configuration in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a state diagram showing the configuration of the displacement measuring means as one configuration in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a heat transfer analysis result of the thick plate using the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a heat transfer analysis position of a thick plate using a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing a heat transfer analysis result for a heating line direction function at the position of FIG. 12.
- 15 is a real picture showing the cross-section of the thick plate manufactured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and displacement measurement results by position.
- Fig. 16 is a sectional photograph in which only the heating wire portion of the thick plate section is enlarged.
- 17 is a measurement data of the height before and after heating using a displacement measuring means of one configuration in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a table showing displacement before and after heating in the table of FIG. 17.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing the table of FIG. 18;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention
- Figure 4 is a three-dimensional processing apparatus of a thick plate using a high frequency induction heating according to the present invention (hereinafter ' Front view showing the " processing device "
- the curved apparatus is for processing the thick plate by induction heating to have a curved surface, and to compare and examine the positional displacement before and after heating of the three-dimensionally curved thick plate.
- Device DLK is for processing the thick plate by induction heating to have a curved surface, and to compare and examine the positional displacement before and after heating of the three-dimensionally curved thick plate.
- the grain processing apparatus the power supply means 100, the frame 200 for supporting a plurality of parts, and the heating means 300 for performing high frequency induction heating on the back plate (P) seated on the work table 210
- the conveying means 400 for guiding the movement of the heating means 300 or the work table 210, the heat exchanger 500 for cooling via one side of the heating means 300 and the thick plate (P)
- Displacement measuring means 60 for measuring the height displacement before and after heating
- control means for controlling the operation of the heating means 300, the transfer means 400, the heat exchanger 500 and the displacement measuring means 600. And 700.
- the power supply means 100 is a configuration for supplying power to the heating means 300 so that high frequency induction heating can be carried out, in the embodiment of the present invention generates a high frequency of up to 20 Hz, the output of 100 Hz It has a capacity and is configured to be heated up to 1000 °C.
- the frame 200 is located on the left side of the power supply means 100.
- the frame 200 supports a plurality of parts, and the work table 210 is provided at the front to allow the rear plate P to be seated.
- the work table 210 is coupled to a plurality of rods to each other to form a space therein so that the heating means 300 can be supported in a suspended state.
- the frame 200 is provided with a conveying means 400.
- the conveying means 400 is configured to guide the heating means 300 to move in three dimensions with respect to the rear plate (P), the heating means 300 is based on the frame 200 in the left / right direction and The linear reciprocating motion in the up / down direction is possible, and the linear reciprocation motion in the forward / rear direction of the work table 210 is enabled.
- the transfer means 400 is coupled to the heating means 300 and is mounted on the upper surface of the frame 200 to support the load of the heating means 300, the linear support reciprocating linearly in the left / right direction
- the left and right conveying unit 420 forcing the movement
- the front and rear conveying unit 440 for forcing the forward / backward movement by supporting the lower surface of the work table 210 upward
- the heating means 300 for the support 220 It is configured to include a shanghai conveying unit (reference numeral 460 of Fig. 5) forcing the up / down conveying of).
- the left and right transfer unit 420 and the front and rear transfer unit 440 includes a rail, a guide, and a motor forcing a linear reciprocating motion of the guide, and the shanghai transfer unit 460 has a screw and a cam applied thereto.
- the heat exchanger 500 is provided at the rear side of the frame 200.
- the heat exchanger 500 is configured to circulate the cooling water so that the heating means 300 is cooled, and may include a storage tank for storing the cooling water and a pump for forcibly circulating the cooling water stored in the storage tank. have.
- Displacement measuring means 600 is provided on the right side of the heating means 300.
- the displacement measuring means 600 measures the height data for each position of the rear plate (P) before the machining, and transmits and stores this data to the control means 700 by the position-specific height of the thick plate (P) after machining It is a configuration to measure the displacement compared to the data.
- the displacement measuring means 600 is capable of measuring the displacement by directly contacting the rear plate (P), it is configured to be able to calculate the curvature by measuring the position of the plate immediately after processing.
- the displacement measuring means 600 is preferably a contact sensor is applied, it is arranged to move in the same manner as the heating means 300 spaced apart from the heating means 300 by a predetermined distance.
- the control means 700 is provided on the right side of the frame 200.
- the control means 700 is for controlling the operation of the heating means 300, the transfer means 400 and the heat exchanger 500, the heating temperature of the thick plate (P) to be heated by the heating means 300, heating It is configured to control the driving of the transfer means 400 for the transfer of the means 300 or the work table 210, the flow rate of the cooling water circulation of the heat exchanger 500, and the like.
- the heating means 300 is provided on the left side of the control means 700.
- the heating means 300 is a configuration for induction heating the thick plate (P) by receiving power from the power supply means 100, a detailed configuration of the heating means 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. do.
- FIG 5 is a perspective view showing a heating means 300 in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention
- Figure 6 is a three-dimensional curve of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention
- a partially enlarged view showing a transformer which is a main component of the heating means 300 in the processing apparatus is shown.
- the heating means 300 is located below the heating means 300, and a transformer 320 for induction heating the thick plate P and power from the power supply means 100. It comprises a control box 340 for controlling the output size of the high-frequency current, and the connector 360 for the control box 340 and the transformer 320 is electrically connected.
- the transformer 320 is the most important configuration among the various configurations of the heating means 300, the coil 324 formed of a ferrite having a shape that is bent in one direction by bending a silicon steel rod having a rectangular cross section a number of times, and the coil And a core 322 that houses 324 therein.
- the connector 360 is provided above the transformer 320.
- the connector 360 is formed by bending a plurality of metal plates, and when viewed from the front, the center part is bent to have an approximately 'c' shape, and the transformer 320 is electrically connected to a lower end part.
- the connector 360 serves to electrically connect the control box 340 and the transformer 320.
- the connector 360, the control box 340, and the transformer 320 are integrally coupled and movable at the same time. That is, as described above, the supporter 220 is supported on the frame 200 so as to linearly reciprocate, and the load of the control box 340 is supported on the supporter 220.
- the flow path 362 is provided on the surface of the connector 360.
- the flow path 362 is configured to allow the cooling water cooled through heat exchange while passing through the heat exchanger 500 to pass through the connection hole 360.
- the flow path 362 has an empty tubular shape and is bent several times. It is attached to the outer surface of the connector 360.
- the coolant flowing along the flow path 362 may absorb and heat the heat of the connector 360.
- the heat exchanger 500 also performs the role of cooling the heating means 300 at the same time. That is, the cooling water passing through the heat exchanger 500 is configured to circulate along the cooling pipe 364 installed to pass through the heating means 300.
- the cooling pipe 364 is connected to communicate with the inside of the core 322 so that the cooling water may be cooled by heat exchange while passing through the transformer 320.
- cooling pipe 364 may be branched into a plurality of branches as shown in FIG. 5 to be coupled to communicate with the flow path 362 and the transformer 320.
- An outer space holding portion 380 is provided on the outside of the transformer 320.
- Four space keeping 380 is provided on the outside of the transformer 320 so as to be spaced apart from each other, and serves to limit the separation distance between the rear plate (P) and the transformer (320).
- the gap retaining zone 380 is located at the side of the heating unit 300 and fixed to the upright with respect to the ground, and is located below the coupling portion 382 and the rear plate (P) and optional It includes an elastic generating portion 384 for generating an elastic restoring force at the time of contact and a height adjusting portion 388 for height adjustment of the elastic generating portion 384.
- the coupling portion 382 is coupled to the height adjustment unit 388 and the lower end, the space is formed in the height adjustment unit 388 to enable the linear movement of the elastic generating unit 384 in the up and down direction ( See the right figure of FIG. 9). Then, the fastener 389 is provided through the right side surface of the height adjustment unit 388.
- the outer surface of the elastic generator 384 may be pressed by the rotation of the fastener 389 so that an insertion depth into the height adjusting unit 388 may be fixed.
- An elastic member 385 is provided inside the elastic generator 384, and a ball 386 is rotatably constrained under the elastic member 385. Therefore, the ball 386 is located at the lowermost side of the spacing 380 to be in contact with the rear plate (P), and pushes upwards as the contact pressure with the rear plate (P) increases, the elastic member ( 385) is configured to generate elastic restoring force.
- FIG. 10 is a state diagram showing the configuration of the displacement measuring means as one configuration in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
- the displacement measuring means 600 is configured to be able to adjust it on contact with the various thick plate (P).
- the displacement measuring means 600 includes a contact sensor 620 for measuring height data in contact with the rear plate P, and a holder 640 for supporting the contact sensor 620 to maintain a predetermined position. It is configured by.
- the holder 640 is coupled to the Shanghai East 460, the upper end is moved in the same speed and direction as the heating means 300, it is configured to enable length adjustment or angle adjustment.
- the contact sensor 620 is provided below the holder 640.
- the contact sensor 620 measures the position data by contacting the lower surface with the upper surface of the rear plate (P), is electrically connected to the power supply means 100 is supplied with power.
- the contact sensor 620 transmits the measurement data to the control means 700, the control means 700 is capable of measuring the height displacement before / after the processing by storing or comparing this data.
- Figure 11 is a heat transfer analysis result of the thick plate using the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention, in the experiment for the present invention, 17mm ⁇ 300mm ⁇ 500mm A thick plate (P) of SS400 material having a size of was used, and the core 322 has a ferrite magnetic material applied thereto, and is surrounded by a coil '' made of oxygen-free copper.
- P thick plate
- the core 322 has a shape in which a plurality of silicon steel sheets are stacked.
- the conveying speed of the thick plate (P) is 5mm / s, a power of 40 kHz having a frequency of 15 kHz was applied, the separation distance of the heating means 300 and the thick plate (P), that is, air gap (air gap) ) was 5 mm.
- the air convection coefficient is 0.02 N / sec / mm / ° C.
- a plurality of heating wires are defined on the thick plate P, and positions are assigned at equal intervals for each of the plurality of heating wires.
- the heat input amount was distributed intensively in the center region of the thick plate P where the heating line is located, and at least the austenite A3 transformation temperature of the thick plate P (minimum 950 °C or more) can be expected to increase the temperature.
- thermomechanical deformation in the furnace is proportional to the applied power.
- FIG. 15 is a physical photograph showing a cross section of a thick plate manufactured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and displacement measurement results for each position, and the absolute displacement value in the height direction for each position could be measured.
- 16 is a cross-sectional photograph in which only the heating wire portion of the thick plate section is enlarged, and it can be seen that the size of the heat affected zone is larger as the applied power increases.
- FIG. 17 is measurement data obtained by measuring a height before and after heating using a displacement measuring means as one component in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention
- FIG. It is a table which shows the displacement before and after
- FIG. 19 is a graph which shows the table of FIG.
- the shape and arrangement of the coil and the core are optimized, and the movement of the coil is automatically controlled, In the thickness direction, it was comprised so that rapid heating of the surface part near a coil might be possible.
- the displacement measuring means to measure the height information for each position of the thick plate and can be compared for each position after the machining, the machining error is reduced and more precise work is possible.
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용하고, 변위측정수단을 구비하여 후판의 가열 전/후의 높이 방향 변위를 측정하여 보다 정밀한 곡가공이 가능하도록 한 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention uses high-frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control, and has a displacement measuring means to measure height displacement before and after heating of a thick plate to enable more precise curved processing. A three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating.
조선소는 선박의 사용 목적과 선주의 요구 사항에 부합하도록 화물의 적재량, 속도, 연료 소비율 등을 고려하여 최적의 주행 성능을 갖도록 선형을 설계한다. The shipyards design the alignment to have the optimum driving performance by considering the cargo load, speed and fuel consumption rate to meet the purpose of the ship and the requirements of the owner.
따라서, 선체의 외판은 많은 3차원 곡면으로 구성된다. 선형 설계에 의하여 정의된 선체 외판은 랜딩(Landing) 과정을 거쳐 약 100~300개 정도의 외판으로 분할된다.Thus, the outer shell of the hull is composed of many three-dimensional curved surfaces. The hull shell, defined by the linear design, is divided into about 100-300 shells through a landing process.
이러한 다수의 외판은 선박의 내구성을 높이기 위해 후판으로 이루어지며 대략 70% 이상이 곡면으로 이루어져 있다.Many of these shells are made of thick plates to increase the durability of the vessel, and more than 70% of the outer shell is made of curved surfaces.
종래에는 다양한 롤러나 프레스등과 같은 곡가공 장치를 이용하여 후판의 곡가공을 실시하고 있다.Conventionally, the thick plate is processed by using a variety of processing equipment such as rollers and presses.
대한민국 공개특허 제10-2009-0093657호에는 "선체 외판의 성형을 위한 다점 프레스 위치정보 산출방법을 이용한 선체 외판 성형장치"가 개시되어 있으며, 개략적인 사용 상태도는 도 1에 도시되어 있다.Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2009-0093657 discloses a "hulling shell forming apparatus using a method for calculating the multi-point press position information for forming the hull shell," and a schematic state diagram of use is shown in FIG.
그러나, 상기 다점 프레스(20)를 이용한 선체의 외판(10)을 성형하는데에는 다음과 같은 문제점이 있다.However, there is a problem in forming the
즉, 프레스(20)를 이용하여 곡면 가공을 실시하게 되면, 초기에 많은 변형량이 발생하게 되며, 성형 위치, 성형 깊이 등의 공정 변수가 다수 존재하므로 곡률의 정밀도는 작업자의 숙련도에 크게 의존하게 되는 문제점이 있다.That is, when the surface processing is performed by using the
또한 각각의 외판이 같은 형상과 치수를 갖는 경우가 거의 없고, 한 번에 원하는 형상으로 성형하기 고날ㄴ한 두께 10 ~ 40㎜ 범위의 후판인 이유로 동일 형상을 단지 다점프레스와 같은 냉간 성형 공정으로만 선체 곡면 가공을 완성하기 어려우므로, 최종 정밀 성형을 위하여 선체의 외판을 곡면으로 가공하기 위한 선상 가열을 이용한 열간 가공방법이 반복적으로 적용되고 있다. In addition, since each outer plate rarely has the same shape and dimensions, and is a thick plate in the range of 10 to 40 mm thick, which is difficult to form into a desired shape at one time, the same shape is used only by a cold forming process such as a multi-point press. Since it is difficult to complete a hull curved surface processing, the hot working method using linear heating for processing the outer shell of a hull to a curved surface is repeatedly applied for final precision molding.
이러한 선상 가열을 이용한 열간 가공공정의 종래 기술은 가스 토치를 이용하여 판의 표면에 해당하는 일정 영역을 집중 가열하고 냉각하는 과정을 거치면서 판의 인장과 압축과정을 통해 후판에 소성변형을 발생시키는 원리를 이용한 것으로, 첨부된 도 2와 같이 사용된다.The prior art of the hot working process using the linear heating is to generate plastic deformation in the thick plate through the tension and compression of the plate while undergoing the process of intensive heating and cooling a certain area corresponding to the surface of the plate using a gas torch By using the principle, it is used as shown in FIG.
즉, 곡가공을 위한 후판(30) 상측에 다수의 가스토치(40)를 구비하고, 상기 다수 가스토치(40)는 일직선 상에서 이격 배치되어 하방향으로 화염을 방사하게 된다.That is, a plurality of
그러나, 열간 가공 방법은 후판(30)에 국부적으로 높은 열을 가하게 되어 후판(30)의 온도를 정밀 제어하지 못하면 재료가 원하지 않는 방향으로 변형되는 문제점이 있고, 가열방향, 속도, 입열량, 냉각방법, 판의 두께 등 작업에 영향을 주는 요인이 많아서 요구되는 후판의 곡률이 가공될 수 있도록 제어하는데 어려움이 있다.However, the hot working method has a problem that the material is deformed in an undesired direction if the temperature of the
또한 자동화를 위한 노력이 지속적으로 진행되고는 있으나, 가열 속도가 상대적으로 느린 관계로 실용화되지 못하고 있으며, CO2 가스를 다량 방출하고 큰 소음이 발생하는 등 비친환경적 요소가 많으며, 열변형 데이터베이스의 구축 및 열변형량 제어가 어려운 문제점이 있다.In addition, although efforts for automation are ongoing, the heating rate is relatively low, so it has not been put to practical use, and there are many environmentally-friendly factors such as emitting a large amount of CO 2 gas and generating loud noise. And it is difficult to control the heat deformation amount.
따라서 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 본 발명의 목적은, 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용하여 선상가열 공정을 수행함에 있어 3차원 변위측정수단을 구비하여 후판의 가열 전 원하는 가열선 방향으로 가상의 3차원 가열선을 선행 측정하고, 선상 가열 후의 높이 방향 변위를 측정하여 보다 정밀한 곡가공이 가능하도록 한 코일 위치 3차원 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 제공하는 것에 있다.Therefore, an object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide a three-dimensional displacement measuring means in performing a linear heating process using high-frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control desired heating wire before heating the thick plate Preliminary measurement of the virtual three-dimensional heating wire in the direction, and the measurement of the height direction displacement after the linear heating to enable more precise bending, three-dimensional bending of the thick plate using high frequency induction heating by automatic three-dimensional coil position control. It is in providing a device.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 가열코일의 형상 및 배치를 최적화하여 급속 가열이 가능하도록 하고, 가열코일의 3차원 움직임이 가능하도록 이송수단을 구비함으로써 작업성 및 생산성이 향상되도록 한 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 제공하는 것에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to optimize the shape and arrangement of the heating coil to enable rapid heating, and to provide automatic control of the coil position to improve workability and productivity by providing a conveying means to enable three-dimensional movement of the heating coil. It is to provide a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating.
본 발명에 의한 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치는, 전원공급수단과, 다수 부품을 지지하는 프레임과, 작업대에 안착된 후판에 고주파 유도 가열을 실시하는 가열수단과, 상기 가열수단 또는 작업대의 움직임을 안내하는 이송수단과, 상기 가열수단 일측을 경유하여 냉각하는 열교환기와, 상기 후판에 대하여 가열 전과 후의 높이 변위를 측정하기 위한 변위측정수단과, 상기 가열수단, 이송수단, 열교환기 및 변위측정수단의 동작을 제어하는 제어수단을 포함하여 구성됨을 특징으로 한다.The three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating by automatic coil position automatic precision control according to the present invention is characterized by performing high frequency induction heating on a power plate, a frame supporting a plurality of parts, and a thick plate seated on a work table. A heating means, a conveying means for guiding the movement of the heating means or a work table, a heat exchanger cooling through one side of the heating means, displacement measuring means for measuring height displacement before and after heating with respect to the thick plate, and the heating And means for controlling the operation of the means, the conveying means, the heat exchanger and the displacement measuring means.
상기 변위측정수단은, 상기 가열수단으로부터 이격 배치되며, 후판의 위치별 높이 데이터를 측정하여 상기 제어수단에 전송하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The displacement measuring means is arranged to be spaced apart from the heating means, characterized in that for measuring the height data for each position of the thick plate to transmit to the control means.
상기 변위측정수단은 접촉식 센서가 적용됨을 특징으로 한다.The displacement measuring means is characterized in that the contact sensor is applied.
상기 이송수단은, 상기 가열수단이 후판에 대하여 3차원적으로 이동 가능하도록 안내하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The conveying means is characterized in that the heating means is guided to be movable in three dimensions with respect to the thick plate.
상기 가열수단은, 상기 가열수단의 하측에 위치하여 후판을 유도 가열하는 트랜스포머와, 상기 전원공급수단으로부터 전원을 인가받아 고주파 전류의 출력크기를 제어하는 컨트롤박스와, 상기 컨트롤박스와 트랜스포머가 전기적으로 연결되게 하는 연결구를 포함하여 구성됨을 특징으로 한다.The heating means includes a transformer positioned under the heating means for induction heating the thick plate, a control box for controlling the output size of the high frequency current by receiving power from the power supply means, and the control box and the transformer electrically It characterized in that it comprises a connector for connecting.
상기 트랜스포머는 상기 컨트롤박스로부터 고주파 전류를 제공받아 교번자속을 발생하는 코일과, 상기 코일을 내부에 수용하는 코어를 포함하여 구성됨을 특징으로 한다.The transformer is characterized in that it comprises a coil for generating an alternating flux by receiving a high frequency current from the control box, and a core for receiving the coil therein.
상기 코일은 사각 단면을 가지는 봉재를 다수회 절곡하여 형성됨을 특징으로 한다.The coil is characterized in that it is formed by bending a bar having a rectangular cross section a number of times.
상기 코일은 일방향으로 개구되도록 절곡됨을 특징으로 한다.The coil is bent to open in one direction.
상기 코어는 다수의 규소강판으로 형성됨을 특징으로 한다.The core is characterized in that formed of a plurality of silicon steel sheet.
상기 열교환기는, 상기 트랜스포머와 연결구를 동시에 냉각하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The heat exchanger is characterized by simultaneously cooling the transformer and the connector.
상기 트랜스포머와 컨트롤박스 및 연결구는 일체로 결합되어 동시에 이동하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The transformer, the control box and the connector are integrally coupled and move simultaneously.
상기 연결구는, 금속판재를 다수회 절곡하여 형성되며, 일측에는 상기 열교환기로부터 제공되는 냉각수가 경유하도록 유로가 형성됨을 특징으로 한다.The connector is formed by bending a metal plate a plurality of times, characterized in that the flow path is formed on one side via the cooling water provided from the heat exchanger.
상기 트랜스포머로부터 이격된 외측에는, 상기 후판과 접촉하여 구름운동함으로써 상기 트랜스포머와 후판의 이격 거리를 제한하는 간격유지구가 구비됨을 특징으로 한다.The outer side spaced apart from the transformer, characterized in that it is provided with a spacing for limiting the separation distance between the transformer and the rear plate by rolling motion in contact with the rear plate.
상기 이송수단은, 상기 가열수단이 프레임의 높이 방향으로 직선 왕복 운동 가능하도록 하는 상하이송부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The conveying means is characterized in that it comprises a shanghai sending portion for allowing the heating means to linearly reciprocate in the height direction of the frame.
위에서 상세히 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명에 의한 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서는, 코일과 코어의 형상 및 배치를 최적화함과 동시에 코일의 움직임을 자동 제어, 국부적으로 가열선 중심부 및 두께 방향으로는 코일에 가까운 표면부 급속 가열이 가능하도록 구성하였다. As described in detail above, in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the coil position automatic precision control according to the present invention, the shape and arrangement of the coil and the core are optimized, and the movement of the coil is automatically controlled. Therefore, it was comprised so that rapid heating of the surface part near a coil may be possible in the heating wire center and thickness direction.
이때 코일 설계 미숙으로 인한 코일 모서리부의 추가적인 가열이 발생하지 않게 되므로 와전류에 의한 후판의 끝단 국부 용융 등 재질 변형을 미연에 차단하여 판재 전체적인 곡가공성이 향상되는 이점이 있다.In this case, additional heating of the coil edges due to inadequate coil design does not occur, thereby preventing the deformation of materials such as local melting at the end of the thick plate due to eddy current, thereby improving the overall workability of the sheet.
또한, 본 발명에서는 변위측정수단을 구비하여 후판의 위치별 높이 정보를 측정하고 곡가공 후 위치별 비교함으로써 가공 오차가 감소하게 되므로 정밀도가 향상되는 이점이 있다.In addition, the present invention has the advantage that the accuracy is improved because the machining error is reduced by measuring the height information for each position of the thick plate with a displacement measuring means and compared by position after the machining.
뿐만 아니라, 곡가공을 위한 공정 시간을 현저히 단축할 수 있게 되므로 생산성이 향상되는 이점이 있다.In addition, it is possible to significantly shorten the process time for grain processing has the advantage that the productivity is improved.
더불어 어떠한 가스도 이용하지 않으므로 기존 가스 토치 식에 비해 이산화탄소 배출이 전혀 없는 등, 친환경 공법으로의 적용이 가능하다.In addition, since it does not use any gas, it can be applied as an eco-friendly method because there is no carbon dioxide emission compared to the existing gas torch type.
도 1 은 종래 기술에 의한 후판 곡가공 장치의 사용 상태도.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a use state diagram of a thick plate bending machine according to the prior art;
도 2 는 다른 종래 기술에 의한 후판 곡가공 장치의 사용 상태도.2 is a use state diagram of another thick plate bending machine according to the prior art;
도 3 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 나타낸 사시도.Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 4 는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 나타낸 정면도.Figure 4 is a front view showing a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 5 는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 가열수단을 나타낸 사시도.5 is a perspective view showing a heating means in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 6 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 가열수단의 요부 구성인 트랜스포머를 나타낸 부분 확대도.6 is a partially enlarged view showing a transformer which is a main component of a heating means in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention;
도 7 은 트랜스포머의 바람직한 실시예의 구성을 보인 정면도.7 is a front view showing the configuration of a preferred embodiment of a transformer.
도 8 은 트랜스포머의 바람직한 실시예의 구성을 보인 측면도.8 is a side view showing the configuration of a preferred embodiment of a transformer.
도 9 는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 일 구성인 간격유지구의 구성을 보인 종단면도.Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a spacing maintenance block as one configuration in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus for a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 10 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 일 구성인 변위측정수단의 구성을 보인 사용 상태도.10 is a state diagram showing the configuration of the displacement measuring means as one configuration in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 11 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공시 열전달 해석 결과.11 is a heat transfer analysis result of the thick plate using the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 12 는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공시 열전달 해석 위치를 표시한 개략도.12 is a schematic diagram showing a heat transfer analysis position of a thick plate using a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 13 은 도 12의 위치에서 가열선 방향 함수에 대한 열전달 해석 결과를 나타낸 그래프.FIG. 13 is a graph showing a heat transfer analysis result for a heating line direction function at the position of FIG. 12. FIG.
도 14 는 3차원 곡가공 장치에 인가되는 파워의 크기 변화에 따른 응력 및 Z 방향 변형량을 해석한 FEM 결과.14 is a FEM result of analyzing the stress and the Z direction deformation amount according to the change in the power applied to the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus.
도 15 는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따라 제조된 후판의 단면을 나타낸 실물 사진 및 위치별 변위 측정 결과.15 is a real picture showing the cross-section of the thick plate manufactured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and displacement measurement results by position.
도 16 은 후판 단면 중 가열선 부분만 확대한 단면 사진.Fig. 16 is a sectional photograph in which only the heating wire portion of the thick plate section is enlarged.
도 17 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 일 구성인 변위측정수단을 이용하여 가열 전과 가열 후의 높이를 측정한 측정 데이터.17 is a measurement data of the height before and after heating using a displacement measuring means of one configuration in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
도 18 은 도 17의 표에서 가열 전/후의 변위를 나타낸 표.18 is a table showing displacement before and after heating in the table of FIG. 17.
도 19 는 도 18의 표를 나타낸 그래프.19 is a graph showing the table of FIG. 18;
이하에서는 첨부된 도 3 및 도 4를 참조하여 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치의 구성을 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying Figures 3 and 4 will be described the configuration of the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
이에 앞서 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이고 사전적인 의미로 해석되어서는 아니 되며, 발명자는 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.Prior to this, the terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed in the ordinary and dictionary sense, and the inventors may appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to best describe their invention. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that the present invention.
따라서 본 명세서에 기재된 실시 예와 도면에 도시된 구성은 본 발명의 바람직한 일 실시예에 불과할 뿐이고, 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 모두 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본 출원시점에 있어서 이들을 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형예들이 있을 수 있음을 이해하여야 한다.Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configuration shown in the drawings are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, and various equivalents may be substituted for them at the time of the present application. It should be understood that there may be water and variations.
도 3에는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 나타낸 사시도가 도시되어 있고, 도 4는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치(이하 '곡가공 장치'라 칭함)를 나타낸 정면도가 도시되어 있다.3 is a perspective view showing a three-dimensional processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a three-dimensional processing apparatus of a thick plate using a high frequency induction heating according to the present invention (hereinafter ' Front view showing the " processing device "
도면과 같이, 본 발명에 의한 곡가공 장치는, 후판을 고주파 유도 가열하여 곡면을 갖도록 가공함과 아울러 3차원적으로 곡가공된 후판의 가열 전/후의 위치 변위를 비교 및 검토할 수 있도록 하기 위한 장치DLK다.As shown in the drawing, the curved apparatus according to the present invention is for processing the thick plate by induction heating to have a curved surface, and to compare and examine the positional displacement before and after heating of the three-dimensionally curved thick plate. Device DLK.
이를 위해 상기 곡가공 장치는, 전원공급수단(100)과, 다수 부품을 지지하는 프레임(200)과, 작업대(210)에 안착된 후판(P)에 고주파 유도 가열을 실시하는 가열수단(300)과, 상기 가열수단(300) 또는 작업대(210)의 움직임을 안내하는 이송수단(400)과, 상기 가열수단(300) 일측을 경유하여 냉각하는 열교환기(500)와, 상기 후판(P)에 대하여 가열 전과 후의 높이 변위를 측정하기 위한 변위측정수단(60)과, 상기 가열수단(300), 이송수단(400), 열교환기(500) 및 변위측정수단(600)의 동작을 제어하는 제어수단(700)을 포함하여 구성된다.To this end, the grain processing apparatus, the power supply means 100, the
상기 전원공급수단(100)은 상기 가열수단(300)에 전원을 공급하여 고주파 유도 가열이 실시될 수 있도록 하는 구성으로, 본 발명의 실시예에서는 최대 20㎑ 의 고주파를 발생하고, 100㎾의 출력용량을 가지며 최대 1000℃까지 가열할 수 있도록 구성하였다.The power supply means 100 is a configuration for supplying power to the heating means 300 so that high frequency induction heating can be carried out, in the embodiment of the present invention generates a high frequency of up to 20 Hz, the output of 100 Hz It has a capacity and is configured to be heated up to 1000 ℃.
상기 전원공급수단(100)의 좌측에는 프레임(200)이 위치한다. 상기 프레임(200)은 다수의 부품을 지지하고, 전방에는 작업대(210)가 구비되어 후판(P)이 안착되도록 한다.The
보다 구체적으로 살펴보면, 상기 작업대(210)는 다수의 봉재를 서로 결합하여 내부에 공간이 형성되도록 함으로써 상기 가열수단(300)이 매달린 상태로 지지될 수 있도록 한다.Looking in more detail, the work table 210 is coupled to a plurality of rods to each other to form a space therein so that the heating means 300 can be supported in a suspended state.
상기 프레임(200)에는 이송수단(400)이 구비된다. 상기 이송수단(400)은 가열수단(300)이 후판(P)에 대하여 3차원적으로 이동 가능하도록 안내하는 구성으로, 상기 프레임(200)을 기준으로 가열수단(300)이 좌/우 방향 및 상/하 방향으로 직선 왕복운동 가능하게 하고, 상기 작업대(210)의 전/후 방향 직선 왕복운동을 가능하게 한다.The
즉, 상기 이송수단(400)은, 가열수단(300)과 결합되고 상기 프레임(200)의 상면에 안착되어 가열수단(300)의 하중을 지지하는 지지대(220)가 좌/우 방향으로 직선 왕복 운동하도록 강제하는 좌우이송부(420)와, 상기 작업대(210)의 하면을 상방향으로 지지하여 전/후 방향 움직임을 강제하는 전후이송부(440)와, 상기 지지대(220)에 대하여 가열수단(300)의 상/하 방향 이송을 강제하는 상하이송부(도 5의 도면부호 460)를 포함하여 구성된다.That is, the transfer means 400 is coupled to the heating means 300 and is mounted on the upper surface of the
상기 좌우이송부(420)와 전후이송부(440)는 레일과 가이드 그리고 가이드의 직선 왕복운동을 강제하는 모터를 포함하여 구성되며, 상기 상하이송부(460)는 스크류와 캠이 적용되었다.The left and
상기 프레임(200)의 후측에는 열교환기(500)가 구비된다. 상기 열교환기(500)는 냉각수를 순환시켜 상기 가열수단(300)이 냉각될 수 있도록 하는 구성으로, 냉각수를 저장하기 위한 저장조와, 상기 저장조에 저장된 냉각수를 강제 순환하기 위한 펌프 등으로 구성될 수 있다.The
상기 가열수단(300)의 우측에는 변위측정수단(600)이 구비된다. 상기 변위측정수단(600)은 곡가공 전의 후판(P)에 대하여 위치별 높이 데이터를 측정하고, 상기 제어수단(700)에 이러한 데이터를 전송하여 저장시킴으로써 곡가공 후 후판(P)의 위치별 높이 데이터와 비교하여 변위를 측정할 수 있도록 하는 구성이다.Displacement measuring means 600 is provided on the right side of the heating means 300. The displacement measuring means 600 measures the height data for each position of the rear plate (P) before the machining, and transmits and stores this data to the control means 700 by the position-specific height of the thick plate (P) after machining It is a configuration to measure the displacement compared to the data.
이를 위해 상기 변위측정수단(600)은 후판(P)과 직접적으로 접촉하여 변위를 측정 가능하며, 곡가공 후 판재 위치를 바로 측정하여 곡률 계산도 가능하도록 구성된다.To this end, the displacement measuring means 600 is capable of measuring the displacement by directly contacting the rear plate (P), it is configured to be able to calculate the curvature by measuring the position of the plate immediately after processing.
이를 위해 상기 변위측정수단(600)은 접촉식 센서가 적용됨이 바람직하며, 상기 가열수단(300)으로부터 일정 간격 이격된 곳에 가열수단(300)과 동일하게 움직일 수 있도록 배치된다.To this end, the displacement measuring means 600 is preferably a contact sensor is applied, it is arranged to move in the same manner as the heating means 300 spaced apart from the heating means 300 by a predetermined distance.
상기 프레임(200)의 우측에는 제어수단(700)이 구비된다. 상기 제어수단(700)은 가열수단(300), 이송수단(400) 및 열교환기(500)의 동작을 제어하기 위한 것으로, 가열수단(300)에 의해 가열되어질 후판(P)의 가열온도, 가열수단(300) 또는 작업대(210)의 이송을 위한 이송수단(400)의 구동, 열교환기(500)의 냉각수 순환 유량 등을 제어할 수 있도록 구성된다.The control means 700 is provided on the right side of the
한편, 상기 제어수단(700)의 좌측에는 가열수단(300)이 구비된다. 상기 가열수단(300)은 전원공급수단(100)으로부터 전원을 인가받아 후판(P)을 유도 가열하는 구성으로, 이하 가열수단(300)의 상세 구성을 첨부된 도 5 및 도 6을 참조하여 설명한다.On the other hand, the heating means 300 is provided on the left side of the control means 700. The heating means 300 is a configuration for induction heating the thick plate (P) by receiving power from the power supply means 100, a detailed configuration of the heating means 300 will be described with reference to FIGS. do.
도 5에는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 가열수단(300)을 나타낸 사시도가 도시되어 있고, 도 6에는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 가열수단(300)의 요부 구성인 트랜스포머를 나타낸 부분 확대도가 도시되어 있다.5 is a perspective view showing a heating means 300 in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a three-dimensional curve of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention A partially enlarged view showing a transformer which is a main component of the heating means 300 in the processing apparatus is shown.
먼저 도 5와 같이, 상기 가열수단(300)은, 상기 가열수단(300)의 하측에 위치하여 후판(P)을 유도 가열하는 트랜스포머(320)와, 상기 전원공급수단(100)으로부터 전원을 인가받아 고주파 전류의 출력크기를 제어하는 컨트롤박스(340)와, 상기 컨트롤박스(340)와 트랜스포머(320)가 전기적으로 연결되게 하는 연결구(360)를 포함하여 구성된다.First, as shown in FIG. 5, the heating means 300 is located below the heating means 300, and a
상기 트랜스포머(320)는 가열수단(300)의 여러 구성 중에서도 가장 중요한 구성으로서, 사각 단면을 가지는 규소 강판 봉재를 다수회 절곡하여 일방향으로 개구된 형상을 가지는 페라이트로 형성된 코일(324)과, 상기 코일(324)을 내부에 수용하는 코어(322)를 포함하여 구성된다.The
상기 트랜스포머(320)의 상측에는 연결구(360)가 구비된다. 상기 연결구(360)는 금속판재를 다수회 절곡하여 형성된 것으로, 전방에서 볼 때 중앙부가 대략 'ㄷ' 형상을 갖도록 절곡하였으며, 하단부에는 상기 트랜스포머(320)가 전기적으로 연결된다.The
그리고, 상기 연결구(360)의 상측 후단부는 상기 컨트롤박스(340)와 전기적으로 연결된다. 따라서, 상기 연결구(360)는 컨트롤박스(340)와 트랜스포머(320)가 전기적으로 연결될 수 있도록 하는 역할을 수행한다.In addition, the upper rear end of the
그리고, 상기 연결구(360)와 컨트롤박스(340) 및 트랜스포머(320)는 일체로 결합되어 동시에 이동 가능하다. 즉, 전술한 바와 같이 상기 프레임(200)에는 지지대(220)가 직선 왕복 운동 가능하도록 지지되어 있으며, 상기 지지대(220)에는 컨트롤박스(340)의 하중이 지지된다.In addition, the
따라서, 상기 지지대(220)의 이송에 따라 컨트롤박스(340)가 움직이게 되면, 상기 연결구(360)와 트랜스포머(320)는 프레임(200)을 기준으로 좌/우 방향의 직선 왕복 이동이 가능하게 된다.Therefore, when the
상기 연결구(360)의 표면에는 유로(362)가 구비된다. 상기 유로(362)는 열교환기(500)를 경유하면서 열교환되어 냉각된 냉각수가 연결구(360)를 경유할 수 있도록 하는 구성으로, 내부가 빈 관형상을 가지며, 다수회 절곡된 형상을 가진 상태로 상기 연결구(360)의 외면에 부착된다.The
따라서, 상기 유로(362)를 따라 유동하는 냉각수는 연결구(360)의 열을 흡열하여 냉각시킬 수 있게 된다.Therefore, the coolant flowing along the
한편, 상기 열교환기(500)는 가열수단(300)을 냉각하는 역할도 동시에 수행한다. 즉, 상기 열교환기(500)를 경유하는 냉각수는 가열수단(300) 내부를 경유하도록 설치된 냉각파이프(364)를 따라 순환하도록 구성된다.On the other hand, the
보다 구체적으로는 도 7 및 도 8과 같이 상기 냉각파이프(364)는 코어(322) 내부와 연통하도록 연결되어 냉각수가 상기 트랜스포머(320)를 경유하면서 열교환에 의해 냉각될 수 있도록 구성된다.More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the
또한 상기 냉각파이프(364)는 도 5와 같이 다수 갈래로 분지되어 상기 유로(362) 및 트랜스포머(320) 내부와 연통하도록 결합될 수도 있다.In addition, the
상기 트랜스포머(320)의 외측에는 간격유지구(380)가 구비된다. 상기 간격유지구(380)는 트랜스포머(320)의 외측에 서로 이격되도록 4개가 구비되며, 상기 후판(P)과 트랜스포머(320)의 이격 거리를 제한하는 역할을 수행한다.An outer
첨부된 도 9에는 간격유지구(380)의 상세 구성이 도시되어 있다. 도면과 같이, 상기 간격유지구(380)는 가열수단(300) 일측에서 지면에 대하여 직립하도록 고정된 결합부(382)와, 상기 결합부(382)의 하측에 위치하여 후판(P)과 선택적으로 접촉시에 탄성복원력을 발생하는 탄성발생부(384)와, 상기 탄성발생부(384)의 높이 조절을 위한 높이조절부(388)을 포함하여 구성된다.9 is a detailed configuration of the
상기 결합부(382)는 높이조절부(388)와 하단이 결합되며, 상기 높이조절부(388) 내부에는 공간이 형성되어 탄성발생부(384)의 상/하 방향 직선 운동이 가능하도록 한다(도 9의 우측 그림 참조). 그리고, 상기 높이조절부(388)의 우측면을 관통해서는 조임새(389)가 구비된다. The
따라서, 상기 조임새(389)의 회전에 의해 상기 탄성발생부(384)는 외면이 가압되어 높이조절부(388) 내부로의 삽입 깊이가 고정될 수 있다.Accordingly, the outer surface of the
그리고, 상기 탄성발생부(384) 내부에는 탄성부재(385)가 구비되고, 상기 탄성부재(385)의 하측에는 볼(386)이 회전 가능하게 구속되어 있다. 따라서, 상기 볼(386)은 간격유지구(380)의 최하측에 위치하여 후판(P)과 접촉하며, 상기 후판(P)과의 접촉 압력이 증가함에 따라 상방향으로 밀려올라가면서 탄성부재(385)에 탄성복원력이 발생될 수 있도록 구성된다.An
따라서, 상기 볼(386)은 전후이송부(440)의 작용에 의해 후판(P)이 이송될 때 후판(P)의 상면을 따라 구름운동하여 후판(P)에 찍힘 등의 불량이 미연에 방지될 수 있도록 한다.Therefore, when the
이하 첨부된 도 10을 참조하여 변위측정수단(600)의 상세 구성을 설명한다.Hereinafter, a detailed configuration of the displacement measuring means 600 will be described with reference to FIG. 10.
도 10에는 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 일 구성인 변위측정수단의 구성을 보인 사용 상태도가 도시되어 있다.10 is a state diagram showing the configuration of the displacement measuring means as one configuration in the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention.
상기 변위측정수단(600)은 다양한 후판(P)에 대하여 접촉시에 이를 조정할 수 있도록 구성된다.The displacement measuring means 600 is configured to be able to adjust it on contact with the various thick plate (P).
즉, 상기 변위측정수단(600)은 후판(P)과 접촉하여 높이 데이터를 측정하는 접촉센서(620)와, 상기 접촉센서(620)가 일정 위치를 유지할 수 있도록 지지하는 홀더(640)를 포함하여 구성된다.That is, the displacement measuring means 600 includes a
상기 홀더(640)는 상단부가 상하이동부(460)에 결합되어 상기 가열수단(300)과 동일한 속도 및 방향으로 움직이게 되며, 길이 조절이나 각도 조절이 가능하도록 구성된다.The
그리고, 상기 홀더(640)의 하부에는 상기 접촉센서(620)가 구비된다. 상기 접촉센서(620)는 하단부가 후판(P)의 상면과 접촉함으로써 위치 데이터를 측정하게 되며, 전원공급수단(100)과 전기적으로 연결되어 전원을 공급받게 된다.In addition, the
또한 상기 접촉센서(620)는 제어수단(700)에 측정 데이터를 전송하고, 상기 제어수단(700)은 이러한 데이터를 저장하거나 비교하여 곡가공 전/후의 높이 변위를 측정 가능하게 된다. In addition, the
이하 첨부된 도 11 내지 도 18을 참조하여 상기와 같이 구성되는 곡가공 장치를 이용한 실험결과를 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying Figures 11 to 18 will be described the experimental results using the processing apparatus configured as described above.
먼저, 도 11 은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치를 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공시 열전달 해석 결과로서, 본 발명을 위한 실험에서는, 17㎜×300㎜×500㎜의 크기를 갖는 SS400 재질의 후판(P)을 사용하였고, 상기 코어(322)는 페라이트 자성체가 적용되었으며, 무산소동으로 이루어진 코일 '' 모양으로 둘러싸고 있다. First, Figure 11 is a heat transfer analysis result of the thick plate using the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating according to the present invention, in the experiment for the present invention, 17mm × 300mm × 500mm A thick plate (P) of SS400 material having a size of was used, and the
그리고 상기 코어(322)는 다수의 규소 강판이 적층된 형상을 갖도록 하였다.In addition, the
상기 후판(P)의 이송속도는 5㎜/s 이며, 15㎑의 주파수를 갖는 40㎾ 의 전원을 인가하였으며, 상기 가열수단(300)과 후판(P)의 이격 거리 즉, 에어갭(air gap)은 5㎜를 유지하였다.The conveying speed of the thick plate (P) is 5mm / s, a power of 40 kHz having a frequency of 15 kHz was applied, the separation distance of the heating means 300 and the thick plate (P), that is, air gap (air gap) ) Was 5 mm.
공기 대류 계수(air convection coefficient)는 0.02N/sec/㎜/℃이다.The air convection coefficient is 0.02 N / sec / mm / ° C.
그리고, 상기 후판(P)에는 다수의 가열선을 정하고 상기 다수 가열선마다 등간격으로 위치를 선정하여 번호를 부여함으로써 곡가공 전/후의 변위 측정이 가능하도록 하였다.In addition, a plurality of heating wires are defined on the thick plate P, and positions are assigned at equal intervals for each of the plurality of heating wires.
상기와 같은 조건으로 유산 요소 해석한 결과, 도 11과 같이 가열선이 위치하는 후판(P)의 중심 영역에 집중적으로 열입량이 분포, 후판(P)의 오스테나이트(A3) 변태 온도 이상(최소 950 ℃ 이상)으로 온도가 올라감을 예측할 수 있다. As a result of the lactic acid element analysis under the conditions described above, as shown in FIG. 11, the heat input amount was distributed intensively in the center region of the thick plate P where the heating line is located, and at least the austenite A3 transformation temperature of the thick plate P (minimum 950 ℃ or more) can be expected to increase the temperature.
그리고, 도 13과 같이 각기 다른 5개의 지점에서 후판(P)의 온도 프로파일을 예측해 본 결과, step 1에 해당하는 후판(P)의 초기 모서리 부분에서 모서리 효과에 의한 와전류 극대화로 인해, 기타 부분에 비해 100 ℃ 이상 과열되는 현상이 발생한다. And, as a result of predicting the temperature profile of the thick plate (P) at five different points as shown in Figure 13, due to the eddy current maximized by the edge effect at the initial corner of the thick plate (P) corresponding to step 1, Compared with over 100 ℃ overheating occurs.
도 14는 3차원 곡가공 장치에 인가되는 파워의 크기 변화에 따른 응력 및 Z 방향 변형량을 해석한 FEM 결과로서, 인가 파워가 증가할수록 최대 응력값은 증가하고, 이에 따른 두께 방향(Z-axis)으로의 열기계적 변형량은 결국 인가 파워에 비례함을 알 수 있다.14 is a FEM result of analyzing the stress and the Z direction deformation according to the change in the power applied to the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus. As the applied power increases, the maximum stress value increases, and accordingly, the thickness direction (Z-axis). It can be seen that the amount of thermomechanical deformation in the furnace is proportional to the applied power.
이것은 단위 표면적에 인가되는 열속 증가로부터 기인한 것으로 판단된다.This is believed to be due to the increase in heat flux applied to the unit surface area.
도 15는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따라 제조된 후판의 단면을 나타낸 실물 사진 및 위치별 변위 측정 결과로, 위치별로 높이 방향으로의 절대적 변위값을 측정 가능하였다.FIG. 15 is a physical photograph showing a cross section of a thick plate manufactured according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and displacement measurement results for each position, and the absolute displacement value in the height direction for each position could be measured.
도 16 은 후판 단면 중 가열선 부분만 확대한 단면 사진으로, 열영향부의 크기가 인가 파워가 클수록 커짐을 확인할 수 있다.16 is a cross-sectional photograph in which only the heating wire portion of the thick plate section is enlarged, and it can be seen that the size of the heat affected zone is larger as the applied power increases.
도 17은 본 발명에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서 일 구성인 변위측정수단을 이용하여 가열 전과 가열 후의 높이를 측정한 측정 데이터이고, 도 18은 도 17의 표에서 가열 전/후의 변위를 나타낸 표이며, 도 19는 도 18의 표를 나타낸 그래프이다.FIG. 17 is measurement data obtained by measuring a height before and after heating using a displacement measuring means as one component in a three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of a thick plate using high frequency induction heating according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a table which shows the displacement before and after, and FIG. 19 is a graph which shows the table of FIG.
이들 실험 결과와 같이, 인가 파워를 40㎾ 인가하고 후판(P)에 대한 가열수단(300)의 이송 속도를 5㎜/s로 설정하여 실험하였을 때 곡가공 전의 편평도가 비교적 고르게 측정되어 도 19와 같은 그래프로 나타났다.As shown in these experimental results, when the applied power is applied to 40 kW and the feeding speed of the heating means 300 to the thick plate P is set to 5 mm / s, the flatness before the machining is measured relatively evenly. The same graph appeared.
즉, 가열선 방향(Y-axis) 방향으로 진행함에 따라 높이 방향(Z-axis)의 위치가 각 위치별로 유사하게 변화한 것을 확인할 수 있다.That is, it can be seen that the position of the height direction (Z-axis) similarly changed for each position as it proceeds in the heating line direction (Y-axis) direction.
이러한 본 발명의 범위는 상기에서 예시한 실시예에 한정하지 않고, 상기와 같은 기술범위 안에서 당업계의 통상의 기술자에게 있어서는 본 발명을 기초로 하는 다른 많은 변형이 가능할 것이다.The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-exemplified embodiments, and many other modifications based on the present invention will be possible to those skilled in the art within the above technical scope.
본 발명에 의한 코일 위치 자동 정밀 제어에 의한 고주파 유도 가열을 이용한 후판의 3차원 곡가공 장치에서는, 코일과 코어의 형상 및 배치를 최적화함과 동시에 코일의 움직임을 자동 제어, 국부적으로 가열선 중심부 및 두께 방향으로는 코일에 가까운 표면부 급속 가열이 가능하도록 구성하였다. In the three-dimensional curved processing apparatus of the thick plate using the high frequency induction heating by the automatic position control of the coil according to the present invention, the shape and arrangement of the coil and the core are optimized, and the movement of the coil is automatically controlled, In the thickness direction, it was comprised so that rapid heating of the surface part near a coil might be possible.
이때 코일 설계 미숙으로 인한 코일 모서리부의 추가적인 가열이 발생하지 않게 되므로 와전류에 의한 후판의 끝단 국부 용융 등 재질 변형을 미연에 차단하여 대면적 판재의 곡가공이 가능하다.At this time, additional heating of the coil edges due to inadequate coil design does not occur, and thus it is possible to cut a large area sheet by blocking material deformation such as local melting at the end of the thick plate due to eddy current.
그리고, 변위측정수단을 이용하여 후판의 위치별 높이 정보를 측정하고 곡가공 후 위치별 비교할 수 있으므로 가공 오차가 감소시켜 보다 정밀한 작업이 가능하다.And, by using the displacement measuring means to measure the height information for each position of the thick plate and can be compared for each position after the machining, the machining error is reduced and more precise work is possible.
또한, 곡가공을 위한 공정 시간을 현저히 단축할 수 있게 되므로 생산성이 향상되며, 어떠한 가스도 이용하지 않으므로 기존 가스 토치 식에 비해 이산화탄소 배출이 전혀 없는 등, 친환경 공법으로의 적용이 가능하다.In addition, since the process time for grain processing can be significantly shortened, productivity is improved, and since no gas is used, there is no carbon dioxide emission compared to the conventional gas torch, and thus it can be applied as an environmentally friendly method.
Claims (14)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011800042988A CN102933330A (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-12-26 | Three-dimensional curved surface processing device for thick plates with automatic and precise control of the position of high-frequency induction coils |
| DE112011100170T DE112011100170T5 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-12-26 | Apparatus for bending three-dimensional surfaces of heavy plate using a high frequency induction heater with precise control of the coil position |
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| KR10-2011-0034136 | 2011-04-13 | ||
| KR1020110034136A KR20120116604A (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-04-13 | A three dimensions curved surface processing apparatus for thick plate using of high frequency induction heating by controlling automatic positioning of the coil |
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| WO2012141405A1 true WO2012141405A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
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| PCT/KR2011/010072 Ceased WO2012141405A1 (en) | 2011-04-13 | 2011-12-26 | Three-dimensional curved surface processing apparatus for thick plate using high frequency induction heating by controlling automatic precise positioning of coil |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
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| KR (1) | KR20120116604A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102933330A (en) |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI564095B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2017-01-01 | 三千金屬工業股份有限公司 | Track structure for a sliding rail |
| CN114786285A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-07-22 | 华中科技大学 | Induction heating device |
| CN117265233A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-12-22 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Fork bending part strengthening device and its working method |
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| US10112227B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2018-10-30 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Large scale metal forming control system and method |
| US10231289B2 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2019-03-12 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Large scale metal forming |
| KR102185197B1 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-01 | 동우 화인켐 주식회사 | Inductive heating device |
| KR102328301B1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2021-11-17 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | A automatic plate bending apparatus |
| CN117531881B (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-26 | 四川省盛源鑫智能电气有限责任公司 | Copper bar bending machine tool |
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- 2011-04-13 KR KR1020110034136A patent/KR20120116604A/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-26 WO PCT/KR2011/010072 patent/WO2012141405A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-12-26 CN CN2011800042988A patent/CN102933330A/en active Pending
- 2011-12-26 DE DE112011100170T patent/DE112011100170T5/en not_active Ceased
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| KR100319651B1 (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 2002-03-08 | 마스다 노부유키 | Automatic plate bending system using high frequency induction heating |
| JP2001032016A (en) * | 1999-07-19 | 2001-02-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | High frequency induction heating device |
| KR100907761B1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2009-07-15 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Hull shell surface processing system and method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20120116604A (en) | 2012-10-23 |
| CN102933330A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| DE112011100170T5 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
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