WO2012035806A1 - 立体画像表示装置 - Google Patents
立体画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012035806A1 WO2012035806A1 PCT/JP2011/056459 JP2011056459W WO2012035806A1 WO 2012035806 A1 WO2012035806 A1 WO 2012035806A1 JP 2011056459 W JP2011056459 W JP 2011056459W WO 2012035806 A1 WO2012035806 A1 WO 2012035806A1
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- liquid crystal
- image
- region
- phase difference
- image forming
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
- G09G3/3611—Control of matrices with row and column drivers
- G09G3/3648—Control of matrices with row and column drivers using an active matrix
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
- H04N13/337—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using polarisation multiplexing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/332—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD]
- H04N13/339—Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] using spatial multiplexing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133538—Polarisers with spatial distribution of the polarisation direction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/02—Composition of display devices
- G09G2300/023—Display panel composed of stacked panels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
- G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
- G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
- G09G2300/0426—Layout of electrodes and connections
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device.
- a parallax barrier method, a lenticular lens method, a switch backlight method, and the like have the advantage that dedicated eyeglasses are not required for viewers of images from the display device.
- the parallax barrier method and the lenticular lens method have a problem in that the resolution of image display is reduced, such as a decrease in the horizontal resolution.
- flicker that is flickering of the image is caused. It has a problem of occurring.
- a shutter glasses method As a method of using dedicated glasses, a shutter glasses method is known. This method has the advantage that the resolution is not lowered and the viewing angle of the display in the image display device is widened. However, this method has the problem that flicker that is a flicker of the display image, a decrease in luminance on the display screen, and a time difference occurs between the images shown on the left and right eyes, and a natural image cannot be obtained for the observer. Etc.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a stereoscopic image display device that uses two polarizing filters as such a novel optical means and does not require dedicated glasses.
- a right-eye polarizing filter section and a left-eye polarizing filter section whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other are arranged on the left and right sides of the light source. Then, each light that has passed through each filter section is irradiated onto the liquid crystal display as substantially parallel light by a Fresnel lens. Then, each of the polarizing filters on both sides of the liquid crystal display is alternately arranged with the linear polarizing filter line portions orthogonal to each other for each horizontal line, and the linear polarizing filter line portions facing each other on the light source side and the viewer side are orthogonal. The polarization direction to be used.
- the liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal display is configured to alternately display the video information for the right eye and the left eye for each horizontal line according to the light transmission lines of the two polarizing filters.
- all horizontal lines on the display screen are divided into odd lines and even lines, and left and right eye images are displayed on each line, and these are distributed to the left and right eyes of the observer with the new optical means. An image is displayed.
- the stereoscopic image is not damaged. Furthermore, the phenomenon that the horizontal resolution, which is a problem in the parallax barrier method and the lenticular lens method, is halved can be avoided.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a stereoscopic image display device using a new phase difference plate having two different regions capable of making the polarization axes of incident light orthogonal to each other as a novel optical means. Yes.
- a liquid crystal display that displays the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye in different areas, and the above-described retardation plate that is arranged to correspond to the left and right image display areas, The stereoscopic image is obtained by projecting the parallax image to the observer. It is known that an image with a wide viewing angle can be displayed.
- the right-eye image on the liquid crystal display is observed when observed from a certain viewing angle position with respect to the vertical center of the stereoscopic display device.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display device that can reduce flicker and crosstalk, has high screen brightness, can simultaneously view left and right images, and has no reduction in screen resolution. .
- a liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal panel configured by arranging a plurality of horizontal lines in which pixels are arranged in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction, and a pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal panel.
- Optical means provided on the front side of the liquid crystal display;
- a stereoscopic image display device comprising a control device for controlling image display on a liquid crystal display and a phase difference state of optical means,
- the liquid crystal display includes a first image forming area and a second image forming area which are configured by bundling a plurality of horizontal lines arranged in a row in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel and are alternately arranged.
- the first image forming area is configured to simultaneously display one image of the right eye image and the left eye image
- the second image forming area is configured to display the other image simultaneously.
- the first image forming area and the second image forming area are: (1) The right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched every time the frame is switched. Or (2) In cases other than (1), when switching frames, the right-eye image and the left-eye image are interchanged and the image displayed in the previous frame is overwritten.
- the optical means includes a first polarizing region and a second polarizing region that are disposed in ranges corresponding to the first image forming region and the second image forming region, respectively, and each has a different phase difference state.
- the present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device characterized in that each phase difference state is controlled by a control device in synchronism with a timing at which an image and a left-eye image are switched.
- the optical means is controlled by the control device so that the first polarization region and the second polarization region have different phase difference states, and the right-eye image and the left-eye image on the liquid crystal display. It is preferable that the phase difference state is switched between the first polarization region and the second polarization region in synchronization with the replacement timing.
- each of the first image forming area and the second image forming area is an image forming area composed of 2 to 60 horizontal lines arranged continuously in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel. preferable.
- the backlight is configured such that the entire lighting state is controlled by the control device in accordance with the timing at which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched, or the backlight of the optical means. It is preferable that a part of the lighting state is controlled to perform scanning so as to correspond to the switching of the phase difference state between the one polarization region and the second polarization region.
- the control device controls each horizontal line of the liquid crystal display to control the replacement of the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye on the liquid crystal display, and in synchronization with the control for each horizontal line, Control of the phase difference state of the first polarizing region or the second polarizing region of the optical means corresponding to the first image forming region or the second image forming region including the horizontal line of the liquid crystal display related to the control. Is preferred.
- the control device sequentially controls each horizontal line from the upper horizontal line to the lower horizontal line of the liquid crystal display to control the replacement of the right eye image and the left eye image, and in the optical unit. It is preferable that the phase difference state between the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region is controlled so as to be sequentially performed from the top to the bottom of the optical means in synchronization with the control of the liquid crystal display.
- the optical means includes a liquid crystal sandwiched between a pair of substrates having transparent electrodes disposed on opposite surfaces, and a retardation film provided on the outer surface of the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal. It is preferred that
- a light shielding portion is provided at least at a part of the boundary between the first polarizing region and the second polarizing region of the optical means.
- the optical means is preferably configured using any one liquid crystal element selected from the group consisting of a TN liquid crystal element, a homogeneous liquid crystal element, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal element. .
- the substrate constituting the optical means is any one film selected from the group consisting of a polycarbonate film, a triacetyl cellulose film, a cycloolefin polymer film, a polyethersulfone film, and a glass cloth reinforced transparent film. It is preferable that it is comprised.
- the frame switching in the liquid crystal display is preferably performed at a period of 120 Hz or more.
- the frame switching in the liquid crystal display is performed at a cycle of 240 Hz or more.
- only the right eye image light can be observed with the right eye, and only the left eye image light can be observed with the left eye. Therefore, the observer can recognize these right-eye image light and left-eye image light as a stereoscopic image.
- the aspect of the present invention it is possible to display at full resolution without reducing the resolution. Moreover, since the images for the right eye and the left eye are displayed at the same time, it is possible to reduce the fatigue of the viewer. In addition, there is an effect that the left-right video shift that occurs in the case of a stereoscopic image that is moving violently and the associated stereoscopic discomfort are not caused.
- the crosstalk in which part of the right-eye image reaches the left eye of the observer when observed from a certain viewing angle position with respect to the vertical center of the stereoscopic display device. Can be reduced.
- a stereoscopic image display with high luminance can be obtained.
- (A) is a figure which shows typically the structure of the conventional active drive type liquid crystal display element
- (b) is the principal part of the switching phase difference plate of this embodiment using an active drive type liquid crystal element. It is a figure which shows a structure typically.
- (A) is a figure explaining the method of making an observer recognize a certain one frame image using the stereoscopic image display apparatus of this Embodiment
- (b) is an image display area
- (A) And (b) is a figure explaining the structure and effect
- (A) And (b) is a figure explaining the structure and effect
- (A) And (b) is a figure explaining the structure and effect
- (A)-(f) is a figure explaining the 2nd operation
- FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded perspective view for explaining a main configuration of the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the stereoscopic image display device 1 includes a backlight 2, a liquid crystal display 3, and a switching phase difference plate 8 that is optical means in this order.
- a control device 12 for controlling the phase difference plate 8 is provided. And these are accommodated in the housing
- the stereoscopic image display device 1 includes polarized glasses 10. An observer 50 who observes a stereoscopic image uses this while observing the image on the screen from the front side of the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the backlight 2 is arranged on the farthest side of the stereoscopic image display device 1 when viewed from the observer 50. Then, in a state in which an image is displayed on the stereoscopic image display device 1 (hereinafter referred to as “use state of the stereoscopic image display device 1”), the white non-polarized light is directed toward one surface of the polarizing plate 5 with a uniform light amount.
- the light is emitted as follows.
- a surface light source is used for the backlight 2, but a combination of a point light source such as an LED and a condenser lens may be used instead of the surface light source.
- An example of this condensing lens is a Fresnel lens sheet.
- the Fresnel lens sheet has a concentric concave and convex lens surface on one side surface and can emit light incident from the central focal point on the back side to the front side as substantially parallel light.
- the backlight 2 of the present embodiment is configured to enable so-called scanning lighting with respect to the liquid crystal display 3.
- the liquid crystal display 3 includes a liquid crystal panel 6 sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates 5 and a polarizing plate 7.
- the polarizing plate 5 is disposed on the backlight 2 side of the liquid crystal panel 6 in the liquid crystal display 3.
- the polarizing plate 5 has a transmission axis and an absorption axis perpendicular to the transmission axis. Therefore, when non-polarized light emitted from the backlight 2 is incident, light having a polarization axis parallel to the transmission axis direction of the non-polarized light is transmitted and light having a polarization axis parallel to the absorption axis direction is blocked.
- the direction of the polarization axis is the vibration direction of the electric field in the light.
- the direction of the transmission axis in the polarizing plate 5 is a direction parallel to the horizontal direction when the observer 50 views the stereoscopic image display device 1 as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the liquid crystal panel 6 constituting the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 is configured by arranging a plurality of horizontal lines 23 in which pixels (not shown) are arranged in the horizontal direction in the vertical direction.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 is configured by sandwiching liquid crystal with a glass substrate or the like on which electrodes having necessary patterning are provided.
- the electrode is made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or the like.
- ITO Indium Tin Oxide
- the amount of transmitted light can be adjusted.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 is a component responsible for image formation in the stereoscopic image display device 1 and displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image simultaneously on a single screen.
- the configuration and the image display function will be described.
- a first image forming area 21 and a second image forming area 22 are provided that are partitioned in the horizontal direction.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are areas having substantially the same area obtained by dividing the liquid crystal panel 6 in the horizontal direction.
- a plurality of first image forming areas 21 and second image forming areas 22 are arranged in an alternating order in the vertical direction.
- an outer frame is disposed on the periphery of the liquid crystal panel 6, and the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 are supported by the outer frame.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are continuously arranged in the vertical direction, Each of the plurality of horizontal lines 23 can be controlled independently.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are each composed of three horizontal lines 23 arranged in succession.
- the first horizontal line to the third horizontal line at the top of the liquid crystal panel 6 are bundled to form a first image forming area 21.
- the fourth horizontal line to the sixth horizontal line are bundled to form a second image forming area 22.
- the seventh horizontal line to the ninth horizontal line are bundled to form the first image forming area 21, and the tenth horizontal line to the twelfth horizontal line are bundled to form the second image forming area 22.
- three horizontal lines 23 are sequentially bundled to form one set.
- a plurality of first image forming areas 21 and second image forming areas 22 are alternately arranged so as to correspond to the respective sets.
- the number of the horizontal lines 23 constituting the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 is not limited to three as shown in FIG. 2, but can be constituted by an arbitrary plurality of numbers. It is.
- the number of horizontal lines 23 constituting the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 can be set to ten.
- the first image forming area 21 is formed by bundling the first horizontal line to the tenth horizontal line at the top of the liquid crystal panel 6.
- the second image forming area 22 is configured by bundling the eleventh horizontal line to the twentieth horizontal line.
- the 21st horizontal line to the 30th horizontal line are bundled to form the first image forming area 21, and the 31st horizontal line to the 40th horizontal line are bundled to form the second image forming area 22.
- ten horizontal lines 23 are sequentially bundled, and a plurality of first image forming areas 21 and second image forming areas 22 are alternately arranged on the liquid crystal panel 6.
- the number of horizontal lines 23 constituting the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 is Selected.
- a right eye image and a left eye image are respectively displayed in the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of one frame image to be displayed. Display.
- the right-eye image and the left-eye image are exchanged between the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22.
- (1) The right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched every time the frame is switched.
- (2) In cases other than (1), at the time of frame switching, either the replacement of the right-eye image and the left-eye image or the overwriting of the image displayed in the immediately preceding frame is performed. Note that the case of (2) does not include a case in which each of the images for the right eye and the image for the left eye is kept without being exchanged.
- each of the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 has, for example, a right eye.
- a work image and a left eye image are generated.
- the transmitted light of the first image forming area 21 is the image light of the right-eye image (hereinafter referred to as the image light).
- the image light Abbreviated as “right eye image light”
- the transmitted light of the second image forming area 22 becomes image light of the left eye image (hereinafter abbreviated as “left eye image light”).
- the right-eye image and the left-eye image are exchanged corresponding to the frame switching, the left-eye image and the right-eye image are formed in the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22, respectively. Will come to be.
- the right eye image light that has passed through the first image forming area 21 and the left eye image light that has passed through the second image forming area 22 are transmitted through the polarizing plate 7 to be described later during the display of one frame image described above.
- the light passes through and becomes linearly polarized light each having a polarization axis in a specific direction.
- the polarization axes in specific directions may be in the same direction.
- the polarization axis is the same as the direction of the transmission axis in the polarizing plate 7.
- the polarizing plate 7 on the liquid crystal panel 6 is disposed on the viewer 50 side in the liquid crystal display 3.
- the polarization axis of these is the transmission axis. Transmits parallel light. Then, light whose polarization axis is parallel to the absorption axis (perpendicular to the transmission axis) is blocked.
- the direction of the transmission axis in the polarizing plate 7 is a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction when the observer 50 views the stereoscopic image display device 1 as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 disposed on the viewer 50 side of the polarizing plate 7 is a main optical unit that performs image formation together with the liquid crystal display 3 in the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment has a first polarizing region 31 and a second polarizing region 32. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 described later, the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 in the switching phase difference plate 8 have positions and sizes of the first image forming region 21 of the liquid crystal panel 6 and This corresponds to the range of the second image forming area 22, that is, the position and size.
- the positions and sizes of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 in the switching phase difference plate 8 are a set of three horizontal lines bundled in the liquid crystal panel 6 as shown in FIG. This corresponds to the positions and sizes of the one image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 for example, ten horizontal lines are sequentially bundled to form one set, and the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 may be formed.
- the positions and sizes of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 on the switching phase difference plate 8 are the same as the first image forming region 21 and the first image forming region 21 that are a set of the bundled ten horizontal lines. It corresponds to the position and size of the second image forming area 22.
- the first polarizing region 31 of the switching phase difference plate 8 is used for the right eye that has passed through the first image forming region 21 in the above case. Image light is incident. The left-eye image light transmitted through the second image forming region 22 in the above case is incident on the second polarizing region 32.
- the first polarization area 31 of the switching phase difference plate 8 includes the first image formation area. The image light for the left eye that has passed through 21 enters. Then, the right-eye image light transmitted through the second image forming region 22 enters the second polarizing region 32.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment is configured to be able to switch the phase difference state in each of the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display 3 portion and the switching phase difference plate 8 portion of the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the liquid crystal display 3 and the switching phase difference plate 8 are laminated and fixed with an adhesive 101 without any gap.
- the liquid crystal display 3 has the liquid crystal panel 6 sandwiched between the pair of polarizing plates 5 and 7.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 includes a liquid crystal 106 sandwiched between a pair of substrates 104 and 105.
- the first image forming areas 21 and the second image forming areas 22 described above are alternately arranged.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 that is an optical means includes a pair of substrates 114 and 115 opposed to each other.
- Transparent electrodes 119 and 120 made of ITO or the like are disposed on the opposing surfaces of the substrates 114 and 115, respectively.
- alignment films 117 and 118 for aligning liquid crystals are provided on the transparent electrodes 119 and 120. Therefore, the switching phase difference plate 8 is configured by sandwiching the liquid crystal 116 between a pair of substrates 114 and 115 including the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 and the alignment films 117 and 118. Therefore, in the switching phase difference plate 8, it is possible to induce an orientation change of the liquid crystal 116 by applying a voltage to the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 on the substrates 114 and 115.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 on the substrates 114 and 115 are patterned, or the alignment films 117 and 118 correspond to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22.
- Different orientation treatments are performed for each region to be performed. Therefore, it is possible to change the alignment state of the liquid crystal 116 for each area corresponding to the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal display 6.
- the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization corresponding to the ranges of the first image formation region 21 and the second image formation region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6, that is, their positions and sizes.
- Region 32 is provided. And it is comprised so that the orientation change of a liquid crystal can be induced mutually independently.
- the phase difference film 121 is arrange
- the retardation film 121 of the switching retardation plate 8 has, for example, an optical axis in the direction of 45 degrees on the upper right side (45 degrees on the upper right side of the paper) from the horizontal direction when the observer 50 views the stereoscopic image display device 1.
- a / 4 wavelength plate is formed.
- a black stripe 122 which will be described later as a light-shielding portion, is located between the substrate 114 and the transparent electrode 119 provided thereon and corresponding to the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32. Is provided.
- the right-eye image light transmitted through the first image forming region 21 is displayed in the first polarizing region 31. Incident. Then, the left-eye image light transmitted through the second image forming region 22 is incident on the second polarizing region 32. Thereafter, when the image formation areas of the right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched corresponding to the switching of the frames, the left-eye image light transmitted through the first image formation area 21 is incident on the first polarization area 31. become. Then, the right-eye image light transmitted through the second image forming region 22 enters the second polarizing region 32.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment it is possible to change the phase difference states of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 by changing the orientation of the liquid crystal 116 as described above. .
- the phase difference state can be changed independently of each other between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32. Therefore, when the image forming areas of the right-eye image and the left-eye image are exchanged on the liquid crystal display 3 in response to the switching of the frames, the first and second polarizing areas 31 and 31 are synchronized with the switching phase difference plate 8 in synchronization with this. It is possible to switch the phase difference state of each of the two polarization regions 32.
- the second polarization area 32 is the first polarization area 31 in the frame before the switching after the frame switching.
- the first polarization region 31 can have the phase difference state that the second polarization region 32 had in the frame before switching after the frame switching.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 of the liquid crystal display 3 are each composed of a plurality of horizontal lines 23. Is done.
- a first polarizing region 31 and a second polarizing region 32 are provided corresponding to the ranges of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 and are independent of each other. The phase difference state can be selected.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 it is also possible to provide the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 so as to correspond to each of all the horizontal lines related to the image display of the liquid crystal panel 6. is there.
- the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region correspond to the positions and sizes of the first image formation region 21 and the second image formation region 22 corresponding to each horizontal line 23. 32 will be formed.
- an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye are respectively provided in the first image forming area 21 corresponding to the horizontal odd line of the one frame image to be displayed and the second image forming area 22 corresponding to the horizontal even line. Is displayed. Then, for example, each time the frame is switched, the horizontal lines on which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed are alternately switched so that a frame image in which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are interlaced is displayed. it can.
- the observer 50 may observe a stereoscopic image on the stereoscopic image display device 1 with a certain viewing angle from the central vertical direction of the liquid crystal display 3 constituting the screen of the stereoscopic image display device 1.
- the observer 50 may observe a stereoscopic image on the stereoscopic image display device 1 with a certain viewing angle from the central vertical direction of the liquid crystal display 3 constituting the screen of the stereoscopic image display device 1.
- the formation of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 and the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 in the switching phase difference plate 8 are considered. It needs to be formed and further improved in structure.
- the type of crosstalk that becomes a problem here is provided corresponding to the liquid crystal panel 6 so that the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 having different phase difference characteristics are adjacent to each other in the switching phase difference plate 8. Due to the fact that That is, as described above, in the liquid crystal panel 6 of the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, for example, three horizontal lines 23 are bundled sequentially from the top in the vertical direction to form one set for convenience. . A first image forming area 21 and a second image forming area 22 having the same area are provided so as to correspond to each of the bundled horizontal lines 23. Accordingly, the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 of the corresponding switching phase difference plate 8 are provided so as to be adjacent to each other. Therefore, crosstalk is likely to occur when the observer 50 observes an image on the screen at a certain viewing angle in the vertical direction of the screen of the stereoscopic image display device 1.
- This type of crosstalk occurs in the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 adjacent to each other of the switching phase difference plate 8. Therefore, in order to reduce this, first of all, it is effective to reduce the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the adjacent second polarizing region 32 in the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 21 correspond to each of all the horizontal lines as described above.
- An image forming area 22 can be provided.
- 540 first image forming areas 21 and second image forming areas 22 are alternately provided.
- 540 first polarizing regions 31 and second polarizing regions are provided so as to correspond to the positions and sizes of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6. 32.
- 1079 boundary regions between the first polarizing region 31 and the adjacent second polarizing region 32 are formed.
- the observer 50 When the observer 50 observes the screen of the stereoscopic image display device 1 from above with a certain viewing angle, crosstalk occurs in each of the boundary regions. As described above, the intensity of the generation is highest when the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are provided so as to correspond to all the horizontal lines.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 may be configured by a plurality of horizontal lines 23. Is possible.
- the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 are formed corresponding to the positions and sizes of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6. . Accordingly, the areas of the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the switching phase difference plate 8 increase according to the number of horizontal lines 23 bundled together in the liquid crystal panel 6. As a result, in the switching phase difference plate 8, the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the adjacent second polarizing region 32 can be reduced.
- the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 that generates crosstalk and the adjacent second polarizing region 32 is reduced, the occurrence of crosstalk is reduced as a whole of the stereoscopic image display device 1. Therefore, since the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 are formed, the crosstalk is suppressed as the number of the horizontal lines 23 bundled together increases, and the observer 50 crosses. It becomes difficult to feel the talk.
- the viewing angle is expanded by reducing the crosstalk, and the viewing angle characteristics are improved. From the above, from the viewpoint of reducing crosstalk and improving viewing angle characteristics, when forming the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6, the horizontal lines are bundled together for convenience. It is preferable to increase the number of 23.
- a black stripe 122 as a light shielding portion is provided in the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 on the surface of the switching phase difference plate 8 facing the liquid crystal display 3. Is effective.
- the black stripe 122 has a strip shape, and is preferably disposed at a position corresponding to the boundary region between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 as shown in FIG.
- the right-eye or left-eye image light to be incident on the second polarization region 32 adjacent to the first polarization region 31 of the switching phase difference plate 8 is adjacent beyond the boundary. It becomes possible to absorb and block the image light incident on the first polarization region 31.
- the black stripe 122 by providing the black stripe 122, the image light for the right eye or the left eye to be incident on the first polarization region 31 adjacent to the second polarization region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 exceeds the boundary.
- the image light incident on the adjacent second polarizing region 32 can be absorbed and blocked.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 by providing the switching phase difference plate 8 with the black stripe 122 as a light shielding portion, it is possible to make it difficult for the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 to generate crosstalk.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 on the substrates 114 and 115 are patterned, or the alignment films 117 and 118 are subjected to the above-described alignment processing for each polarization region. Therefore, as described above, the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 are in different phase difference states corresponding to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal display 6. It is possible to change the orientation of the liquid crystal 116. For this reason, in the switching phase difference plate 8, there is a concern that liquid crystal disclination may occur at the boundary between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 due to different alignment changes of the liquid crystal.
- the black stripe 122 it is possible to cover the liquid crystal disclination generated at the boundary between the adjacent first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32. As a result, it is possible to prevent the influence of liquid crystal disclination from appearing in the image light for the right eye or the left eye.
- Such a black stripe 122 is generally formed by relief-depositing a vapor-deposited chromium thin film by photolithography using a photolithography method.
- it can be formed of a binder resin in which a filler component is dispersed.
- the filler component metal particles and oxides thereof, or pigments and dyes are used.
- the color tone of the filler component is preferably black with respect to the above-described right-eye image light and left-eye image light.
- the binder resin for dispersing or dissolving the pigment and the dye is a known resin, for example, acrylic resin, urethane resin, polyester, novolac resin, polyimide, epoxy resin, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer, nitrocellulose, or these resins Combinations and the like can be used.
- the black stripe 122 having the above effects is required to be considered as follows. That is, in the stereoscopic image display device 1, the switching phase difference plate 8 and the liquid crystal display 3 are disposed as shown in FIG. 3. Therefore, the surface of the liquid crystal display 3 on which the polarizing plate 7 is attached is opposed to the surface of the switching phase difference plate 8 where the black stripe 122 is provided. Then, the switching position of the liquid crystal display 3 is changed so that the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 face the first image generating region 21 and the second image generating region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6, respectively.
- the phase difference plate 8 is positioned in the mutual surface direction.
- the black stripe 122 functions in such a way as to block part of the image light that passes through the liquid crystal display 3 and reaches the eyes of the observer 50. That is, although effective in reducing crosstalk, the screen brightness in the image display of the stereoscopic image display device 1 is lowered.
- the second polarizing area 32 adjacent to the first polarizing area 31 The boundary area of is the largest.
- the number of black stripes 122 arranged for each boundary region is the largest. As a result, the influence of the decrease in screen luminance due to the formation of the black stripe 122 is the largest.
- the black stripe 122 is formed and used effectively for reducing crosstalk, it is preferable to reduce the number of formation as much as possible from the viewpoint of screen luminance.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 can be constituted by a plurality of horizontal lines 23. is there.
- the areas of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 correspond to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 as described above. Therefore, these areas increase in accordance with the number of horizontal lines 23 that are bundled together in the liquid crystal panel 6 to make a set for convenience.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are configured by a plurality of horizontal lines 23, so that the second polarizing area adjacent to the first polarizing area 31 in the retardation plate 8. 32 can be reduced.
- the number of black stripes 122 formed in the boundary region can be reduced.
- the observer 50 when observing a stereoscopic image with the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment, the observer 50 obtains a high-luminance stereoscopic image in which a decrease in screen luminance due to the black stripe 122 is reduced. be able to.
- a transparent and high-strength glass substrate can be selected and used for the substrates 114 and 115 constituting the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the thickness of the substrates 114 and 115 is increased, and there is a concern of promoting the occurrence of the above-described crosstalk. Therefore, it is desirable to select and use a thinner substrate for the substrates 114 and 115 while maintaining high strength and transparency.
- a polycarbonate (PC) film a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, or a PES (polyether sulfone) film
- PC polycarbonate
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- PES polyether sulfone
- the glass cloth reinforced transparent film is a film produced as follows. First, a long glass cloth is impregnated with a resin and dried to a semi-cured state. And after cut
- Such a glass reinforced transparent film has a structure in which a glass cloth is laminated in a matrix such as an epoxy resin, and has a particularly low thermal expansion coefficient in the surface direction of the glass cloth.
- the glass cloth reinforced transparent film has high heat resistance and high dimensional stability against temperature and humidity. And high transparency is realized by bringing the optical properties of epoxy resin and glass closer. Furthermore, the gas barrier property can be improved by coating with silicon dioxide, and ITO can be formed on the surface.
- the substrates 114 and 115 are thinner, lighter, and less likely to break.
- the number of horizontal lines 23 in one group is preferably a plurality. Furthermore, it has been found that it is preferable to increase the number of horizontal lines 23 that are bundled together to make one set for convenience.
- the areas of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 correspond to the positions and sizes of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6. It has been found that it is preferable to make it larger. At the same time, it was found that the substrates 114 and 115 constituting the switching phase difference plate 8 are preferably thin.
- the number of horizontal lines 23 that are grouped together for convenience in the liquid crystal panel 6 can be increased without limitation in accordance with the above consideration.
- the same problem as that known in the above-described conventional stereoscopic image display apparatus is caused. That is, in the conventional shutter glasses type stereoscopic image display device, the flickering of the display image is generated, the luminance on the display screen is reduced, and a time difference is generated between the images appearing on the left and right eyes. There is a problem that a natural image cannot be obtained.
- the same problem may occur when the number of horizontal lines 23 that are combined into one set for the sake of convenience in the liquid crystal panel 6 is increased without limit. Become.
- the flicker in consideration of the reduction of crosstalk and the reduction of screen luminance, the flicker can be suppressed and a natural stereoscopic image for the observer 50 can be realized. It is necessary to consider this point. Then, based on considerations from such a conflicting viewpoint, the number of horizontal lines 23 that are bundled together to form the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 is selected. It is preferable to do. Then, an optimum substrate is selected in the switching phase difference plate 8, and the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region are corresponding to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 in the liquid crystal panel. 32 is preferably formed.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 are each of the liquid crystal panel 6. It was found that the image forming area is preferably composed of 2 to 60 horizontal lines 23 arranged continuously in the vertical direction.
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 are each arranged continuously in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel 6. It has been found that an image forming area composed of 30 horizontal lines 23 is more preferable. Further, it has been found that an image forming area composed of 5 to 15 horizontal lines 23 is most preferable. And it turned out that it is preferable to form the 1st polarizing region 31 and the 2nd polarizing region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 by the position and magnitude
- right-eye image light is incident on the first polarizing region 31 of the switching phase difference plate 8 as linearly polarized light whose polarization axis is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Then, by the selection of the alignment state in the liquid crystal 116 and the action of the retardation film 121, the incident right-eye image light can be emitted as counterclockwise circularly polarized light. Further, in that case, in the second polarizing region 32, similarly, the incident left-eye image light is emitted as clockwise circularly polarized light by the selection of the alignment state in the liquid crystal 116 and the action of the retardation film 121.
- the alignment state of the liquid crystal different from the previous state is realized in the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32.
- the retardation film 121 together with the action of the retardation film 121, it is possible to emit the left-eye image light incident on the first polarizing region 31 as clockwise circularly polarized light.
- the right-eye image light is emitted as counterclockwise circularly polarized light by the selection of the alignment state in the liquid crystal 116 and the action of the retardation film 121.
- the right-eye image light transmitted through the first polarizing region 31 and the left-eye image light transmitted through the second polarizing region 32 have their rotation directions opposite to each other as indicated by arrows in FIG. Circularly polarized light.
- the arrows in the switching phase difference plate 8 in FIG. 1 schematically indicate the rotation direction of polarized light that has passed through the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the stereoscopic image display device 1 may arrange a diffusion plate closer to the viewer 50 than the switching phase difference plate 8. That is, it has a diffusion plate that diffuses the right-eye image light and the left-eye image light transmitted through the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 in at least one of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. May be.
- a diffuser plate for example, a lenticular lens sheet in which a plurality of cylindrically shaped convex lenses (cylindrical lenses) extending in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction is used, or a lens array sheet in which a plurality of convex lenses are arranged in a planar shape are used. It is done.
- the observer 50 When observing a stereoscopic image with the stereoscopic image display device 1, the observer 50 observes the right-eye image light and the left-eye image light projected from the stereoscopic image display device 1 with the polarizing glasses 10.
- a right eye glasses unit 41 is disposed at a position corresponding to the right eye side of the observer 50, and a left eye glasses unit 42 is disposed at a position corresponding to the left eye side.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view illustrating the configuration of the right eyeglass part 41 and the left eyeglass part 42.
- 4A illustrates the configuration of the left-eye glasses unit 42
- FIG. 4B illustrates the configuration of the right-eye glasses unit 41.
- the right eyeglass part 41 and the left eyeglass part 42 constituting the polarizing glasses 10 are respectively composed of quarter wave plates 43a and 43b, polarizing plates 45a, 45b in this order, and these are fixed to the frame.
- the optical of the quarter wavelength plate 43 a of the right-eye glasses unit 41 when the observer 50 at the time of use wears the polarizing glasses 10 and faces the liquid crystal display 3, the optical of the quarter wavelength plate 43 a of the right-eye glasses unit 41.
- the axis is in the direction of 45 degrees on the upper right from the horizontal direction (45 degrees on the upper right of the page).
- the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 45a is in a direction parallel to the horizontal direction.
- the right eye image light 41 and the left eye image light which are circularly polarized light respectively transmitted through the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 of the stereoscopic image display device 1, are the right eye glasses 41.
- the light enters the quarter-wave plates 43a and 43b of the left-eye glasses 42 and is emitted as linearly polarized light by their action.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 that is a main part of the stereoscopic image display device 1 according to the present embodiment will be described more specifically.
- a configuration example will be described.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the stereoscopic image display device 1 changes the orientation of the liquid crystal 116 by applying a voltage to the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 on the substrates 114 and 115. It is configured to be able to cause.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 can be configured using various liquid crystal modes used in a liquid crystal display. For example, a TN (twisted nematic) liquid crystal element, a homogeneous liquid crystal element, or a ferroelectric liquid crystal element can be used.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment a manufacturing method and a configuration of an example using a TN type liquid crystal element will be described.
- the manufacturing of the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a TN liquid crystal element
- substrates 114 and 115 made of a glass cloth reinforced transparent film are prepared.
- the black stripe 122 patterned in a band shape is formed on the substrate 115 on the front side.
- a transparent conductive layer for example, an ITO film
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are formed by patterning the transparent conductive layer using a photolithography method.
- alignment films 117 and 118 are formed with a thickness of 50 nm so that the liquid crystals are horizontally aligned with a predetermined pretilt angle on the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 using a spin coating method.
- a rubbing process is applied to 118.
- the rubbing process for the alignment films 117 and 118 is performed so that the rubbing directions are orthogonal to each other when the substrates 114 and 115 are arranged to face each other.
- the substrate gaps of the pair of substrates 114 and 115 are bonded so that the cell gap is 5.2 ⁇ m.
- a pair of substrates 114 and 115 are arranged so as to face each other, and a thermosetting adhesive printed around the display area. Both substrates are fixed by curing with.
- a liquid crystal 116 is formed by filling a gap between the substrates 114 and 115 with a liquid crystal material using a vacuum injection method.
- the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal material having a refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ n) of 0.0924 and containing 0.15 wt% of the optically active substance CB15.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a TN type liquid crystal element, has two states, a state in which the liquid crystal 116 has an optical rotation of 90 degrees and a state in which the optical rotation does not have an optical rotation due to the induction of the orientation change of the liquid crystal 116. It functions as a switching phase difference plate 8 capable of switching between two states.
- the switching phase difference plate 8, which is an example using a TN type liquid crystal element receives image light incident as linearly polarized light whose polarization axis is in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction when the liquid crystal 116 has an optical rotation of 90 degrees. It is possible to emit as linearly polarized light parallel to the horizontal direction.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a TN type liquid crystal element is aligned with the pixel of the liquid crystal display 3 described above for pixel display. Then, bonding is performed via the adhesive material 101.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a homogeneous liquid crystal element
- substrates 114 and 115 made of a glass cloth reinforced transparent film are prepared.
- the black stripe 122 patterned in a band shape is formed on the substrate 115 on the front side.
- a transparent conductive layer (for example, an ITO film) is formed with a thickness of 100 nm to 140 nm on each of the substrates 114 and 115 by sputtering.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are formed by patterning the transparent conductive layer using a photolithography method.
- alignment films 117 and 118 are formed with a thickness of 50 nm so that the liquid crystals are horizontally aligned with a predetermined pretilt angle on the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 using a spin coating method.
- a rubbing process is applied to 118.
- the rubbing process for the alignment films 117 and 118 is performed so that the rubbing directions are parallel to each other when the substrates 114 and 115 are arranged to face each other, and the observer 50 views the stereoscopic image display device 1 in the alignment direction.
- the direction is 45 degrees from the horizontal direction to the upper left (upper left 45 degrees on the paper surface).
- the substrate gap between the pair of substrates 114 and 115 is laminated so that the cell gap is 1.03 ⁇ m.
- a pair of substrates 114 and 115 are arranged so as to face each other, and a thermosetting adhesive printed around the display area. Both substrates are fixed by curing with.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element has a phase difference value corresponding to 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength on the basis of 550 nm. Therefore, the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element is a half-wave plate with no phase difference and a phase difference of 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength due to induction of orientation change of the liquid crystal 116 for each polarization region. It functions as a switching phase difference plate 8 capable of switching between two states.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element is aligned with the pixels of the liquid crystal display 3 described above for pixel display. Then, bonding is performed via the adhesive material 101.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment a manufacturing method and configuration of an example using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element will be described.
- the manufacturing method and configuration of the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element, first, substrates 114 and 115 made of a glass cloth reinforced transparent film are prepared. Then, as described above, the black stripe 122 patterned in a band shape is formed on the substrate 115 on the front side.
- a transparent conductive layer (for example, an ITO film) is formed on each of the substrates 114 and 115 with a thickness of 100 nm to 140 nm in a solid shape on the substrates 114 and 115 by using a sputtering method to form transparent electrodes 119 and 120.
- the spin coating method is used on the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 to form the alignment films 117 and 118 for photo-alignment with a thickness of 30 nm so that the liquid crystal is horizontally aligned, and the alignment films 117 and 118 are subjected to a photo-alignment technique. Is applied to form a horizontal alignment film.
- the orientation directions of the liquid crystal 116 realized when the respective voltages are applied differ from each other corresponding to the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element.
- the photo-alignment process is performed under the condition divided for each polarization region.
- the pair of substrates 114 and 115 are bonded together so that the cell gap, which is the distance between the substrates, becomes 3 ⁇ m.
- a pair of substrates 114 and 115 are arranged so as to face each other, and a thermosetting adhesive printed around the display area. Both substrates are fixed by curing with.
- the optical axis of the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 is determined by the observer 50 as a stereoscopic image.
- the second polarizing region 32 is in a state different from the first polarizing region, and is in the direction of 45 degrees on the upper left from the horizontal direction (45 degrees on the upper left on the paper) or in the horizontal direction.
- the optical axis of the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 is determined by the observer 50. From the horizontal direction when viewing the stereoscopic image display device 1, the direction is 45 degrees to the upper left (upper left 45 degrees on the paper surface) or the horizontal direction.
- the second polarizing region 32 is different from the first polarizing region, and the optical axis of the liquid crystal 116 is in the horizontal direction or in the direction of 45 degrees to the upper left from the horizontal direction (upper left 45 degrees on the paper surface).
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element by applying voltages having different polarities, the horizontal direction and the upper left direction of 45 degrees are respectively applied. Switch. At that time, the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 are configured such that the optical axes of the liquid crystal 116 are shifted from each other by 45 degrees. Next, the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element is aligned with the pixels of the liquid crystal display 3 described above for pixel display. Then, bonding is performed via the adhesive material 101.
- the structure of the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 is solid all over, but the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are patterned in the same manner as the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using the above-described TN liquid crystal element. It can also be used. In that case, it is also possible to pattern the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 in a stripe shape corresponding to the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the switching retardation plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element. By doing so, it becomes possible to induce a change in the orientation of the liquid crystal 116 at any part of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32. That is, it is possible not only to induce the alignment change of the liquid crystal 116 all at once, but also to cause the sequential change of the liquid crystal 116 in any place and in any order.
- the specific configuration example of the switching phase difference plate 8 has been described above. However, when the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 included in the switching phase difference plate 8 are patterned, the structure is different from the conventional case where the liquid crystal element is used as a display element. Is desirable.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram schematically showing an electrode structure of a conventional passive drive type liquid crystal display element
- FIG. 5B is a diagram schematically showing an electrode structure of the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5A in the conventional passive drive type liquid crystal display device 300, the upper electrode 302 and the lower electrode 301 are patterned in a stripe shape, and are arranged in a matrix shape so as to be orthogonal to each other.
- the upper transparent electrode 120 and the lower transparent electrode 119 are respectively patterned in stripes.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 can be patterned by determining the size corresponding to the size and positional relationship between the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6. . That is, in the liquid crystal panel 6, the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 are configured by bundling the horizontal lines 23 in a desired number to form one set. In the switching phase difference plate 8, the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are patterned to an appropriate size so as to correspond to the positions and sizes of the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area, and the switching phase difference plate is used. 8 can constitute the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32.
- the patterning of the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 it is possible to define the size and the positional relationship so as to correspond to all the horizontal lines 23 of the liquid crystal panel 6, and to perform patterning of the electrodes similar to the liquid crystal panel 6.
- a pair having the same configuration can be formed with the transparent electrode 119 and the transparent electrode 120 with respect to one set formed by bundling a desired number of horizontal lines 23 in the liquid crystal panel 6.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a conventional active drive type liquid crystal display element 310
- FIG. 6B is a switching phase difference of the present embodiment using the active drive type liquid crystal element. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the principal part of the board.
- the scanning lines 312 and the signal lines 311 are arranged in a matrix so as to be orthogonal to each other, and an active element 313 is provided at the intersection.
- a pixel electrode 314 is arranged.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment when configured using an active drive type liquid crystal element, the scanning line 320 and the signal line 321 are parallel to each other. Install.
- the pixel electrode which is the transparent electrode 120 on the upper side, preferably has a horizontally long structure with a maximum width that can drive the liquid crystal 116 by the active element 323 provided.
- the size of the transparent electrode 120 is determined according to the size and positional relationship of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6. It is possible to provide an active element 323 by patterning. That is, in the liquid crystal panel 6, the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 as one set are configured by bundling the horizontal lines 23 in a desired number. In the switching phase difference plate 8, the transparent electrode 120 and the active element 323 having appropriate sizes are formed so as to correspond to the positions and sizes of the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22.
- the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the phase difference plate 8 can be configured.
- the size and the positional relationship are determined so as to correspond to all the horizontal lines 23 of the liquid crystal panel 6, the transparent electrode 120 is patterned, and an active element is provided for each. Is also possible. In that case, a predetermined number of combinations of the active elements 323 and the transparent electrodes 120 are bundled into one set in accordance with the selection of the number of horizontal lines 23 bundled together in the liquid crystal panel 6. And it is possible to comprise the 1st polarizing area 31 and the 2nd polarizing area 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 with the group. Then, the same driving is performed for each set, and the change in the alignment state in the liquid crystal 116 is induced, and the switching retardation plate 8 is switched. As a result, the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 can realize a liquid crystal alignment state different from the previous state.
- the main configuration of the stereoscopic image display device 1 according to the present embodiment has been described above. Next, a method for causing the observer 50 to recognize a stereoscopic image from the right-eye image light and the left-eye image light using the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining a method of causing the observer 50 to recognize a stereoscopic image using the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram for explaining a method for allowing the observer 50 to recognize a single frame image.
- FIG. 7B shows a frame image after the image display area is switched by switching the frame. It is a figure explaining the method of making an observer recognize.
- the observer 50 observes a stereoscopic image with the stereoscopic image display device 1
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 of the liquid crystal panel 6 are not described above.
- a right-eye image and a left-eye image are formed corresponding to each other.
- the light enters the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the linearly polarized light incident from the polarizing plate 7 is directly incident on the phase difference film 121 in the first polarization region 31 of the liquid crystal 116.
- the light is converted so as to have a polarization axis parallel to the horizontal direction and is incident on the retardation film 121.
- the incident right-eye image light is emitted as counterclockwise circularly polarized light, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. .
- the incident left-eye image light is emitted as clockwise circularly polarized light as indicated by an arrow in FIG.
- the image light for the right eye and the image light for the left eye thus obtained are incident on the polarized glasses 10 worn by the observer 50, respectively.
- the polarizing glasses 10 include a right eyeglass portion 41 and a left eyeglass portion 42.
- the light passes through the quarter-wave plate 43 a included in the right-eye glasses unit 41, is rotated into linearly polarized light parallel to the horizontal direction, and reaches the right eye of the observer 50.
- the quarter-wave plate 43b included in the left-eye glasses unit 42 is provided as shown by an arrow in FIG. It is transmitted and converted into linearly polarized light that is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Then, although it enters the polarizing plate 45b, it cannot pass through the polarizing plate 45b and is blocked, and does not reach the left eye of the observer 50.
- the image light for the left eye that has been clockwise circularly polarized light is transmitted through the quarter-wave plate 43b included in the left eyeglass unit 42 and converted into linearly polarized light parallel to the horizontal direction, and the left eye of the observer 50 Will arrive.
- left-eye image light that is clockwise circularly polarized light is incident on the right-eye glasses unit 41, it is transmitted through the quarter-wave plate 43a included in the right-eye glasses unit 41 and converted into linearly polarized light that is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. Is done. Then, it is incident on the polarizing plate 45a but cannot be transmitted and is blocked, and does not reach the right eye of the observer 50.
- the polarizing glasses 10 are applied as described above to form a three-dimensional image.
- the image display device 1 only the right eye image light can be observed with the right eye, and only the left eye image light can be observed with the left eye. Therefore, the observer 50 can recognize these right-eye image light and left-eye image light as a stereoscopic image.
- the image forming areas are switched as the frames are switched.
- the case will be described. That is, a case will be described in which a left-eye image and a right-eye image are formed in the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 after frame switching.
- the phase difference state of the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 is switched in the switching phase difference plate 8 in response to the replacement of the image forming regions accompanying the switching of the frames.
- the first polarization region 31 switches to a phase difference state similar to the phase difference state of the second polarization region 32 before frame switching.
- the 2nd polarization area 32 it switches to the phase difference state similar to the phase difference state of the 1st polarization area 31 before switching of a frame.
- the left-eye image light transmitted through the first image forming area 21 and the right-eye image light transmitted through the second image forming area 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 are indicated by arrows in FIG.
- it passes through the polarizing plate 7 and becomes linearly polarized light having a polarization axis in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction.
- the left-eye image light is incident on the first polarization region 31 of the switching phase difference plate 8. Then, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 7B, the incident left-eye image light is emitted as clockwise circularly polarized light. In the second polarizing region 32, the incident right-eye image light is emitted as counterclockwise circularly polarized light. Next, the image light for the left eye and the image light for the right eye thus obtained are respectively incident on the polarizing glasses 10 worn by the observer 50.
- the image light for the left eye which is clockwise circularly polarized light, is incident on the left eyeglass portion 42 and is transmitted through the 1 ⁇ 4 wavelength plate 43b included in the left eyeglass portion 42. As shown by an arrow in FIG. It is converted into linearly polarized light parallel to the direction, passes through the polarizing plate 45 b as it is, and reaches the left eye of the observer 50.
- the right-eye image light that has been counterclockwise circularly polarized light is transmitted through the quarter-wave plate 43a included in the right-eye glasses 41 and parallel to the horizontal direction, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 7B.
- the light is converted into linearly polarized light, passes through the polarizing plate 45a as it is, and reaches the right eye of the observer 50.
- the stereoscopic image display device 1 is observed by wearing the polarizing glasses 10 within the range in which the left-eye image light and the right-eye image light transmitted through the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the retardation film 8 are emitted.
- the image forming area is switched in which the areas for forming the right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched with the frame switching, only the right-eye image light can be observed with the right eye.
- the observer 50 can always recognize these right-eye image light and left-eye image light as a stereoscopic image.
- the image display device 1 can display at the full resolution with the full performance of the liquid crystal display 3 without reducing the resolution at all.
- the conventional stereoscopic image display device only one of the left and right eye images is always displayed, and there may be a time difference when recognizing a stereoscopic image. Since the left and right eye images are always displayed on the display device, the viewer's feeling of fatigue can be reduced. In addition, there is also an effect that the sense of incongruity of stereoscopic vision caused by the shift of the left and right images that occurs in the case of a stereoscopic image that moves vigorously is not caused.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating the configuration and operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 using a TN type liquid crystal element, which is a first example of the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8A shows the operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 when a certain frame image is formed
- FIG. 8B shows the frame image when the image display area is switched by switching the frame. The effect
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using a TN type liquid crystal element which is a first example of the switching phase difference plate 8
- the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6 correspond to each other.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are patterned, and the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 are provided. Therefore, in the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32, it is possible to select the ON state and the OFF state of the liquid crystal by applying a voltage, and it is possible to change the orientation of the liquid crystal independently.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 when the linearly polarized light 201 from the polarizing plate 7 of the liquid crystal display 3 enters the switching phase difference plate 8 which is an example using a TN type liquid crystal element, the switching phase difference plate 8 is used.
- the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 can be turned on to induce a change in the orientation of the liquid crystal.
- no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116 in the second polarizing region 32, and the liquid crystal 116 can be turned off to maintain the initial alignment state (90-degree twist alignment) of the liquid crystal.
- the linearly polarized light 201 passes through the first polarization region 31 having no optical rotation as it is and enters the retardation film 121 as the linearly polarized light 202.
- the linearly polarized light 201 is converted into linearly polarized light 203 parallel to the horizontal direction by rotating the optical axis in the optically polarized second polarizing region 32, and enters the retardation film 121.
- the linearly polarized light 202 and the linearly polarized light 203 are converted into a counterclockwise circularly polarized light 204 and a clockwise circularly polarized light 205, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- the switching retardation plate 8 which is an example using a TN type liquid crystal element
- the switching retardation plate is used. No voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 of 8, and the liquid crystal 116 is turned off to maintain the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal.
- a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116 to turn on the liquid crystal, thereby inducing a change in the alignment of the liquid crystal.
- the linearly polarized light 206 is converted into linearly polarized light 207 parallel to the horizontal direction by rotating the optical axis in the optically polarized first polarizing region 31, and enters the retardation film 121.
- the linearly polarized light 206 passes through the second polarization region 32 having no optical rotation as it is and enters the retardation film 121 as linearly polarized light 208.
- the linearly polarized light 207 and the linearly polarized light 208 are converted into the clockwise circularly polarized light 209 and the counterclockwise circularly polarized light 210, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- FIGS. 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating the configuration and operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element, which is a second example of the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9A shows the operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 when forming a certain frame image
- FIG. 9B shows the frame image when the image display area is switched by switching the frame. The effect
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 are patterned so as to correspond to the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6, respectively.
- a polarizing region 31 and a second polarizing region 32 are provided. Therefore, the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 can independently select the ON state and the OFF state of the liquid crystal by applying a voltage, and the alignment of the liquid crystal can be changed independently.
- the linearly polarized light 211 from the polarizing plate 7 of the liquid crystal display 3 is incident on the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element, the first of the switching phase difference plate 8 is displayed.
- the liquid crystal 116 in the polarizing region 31 can be turned on to induce a change in the orientation of the liquid crystal.
- no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116 in the second polarizing region 32, and the liquid crystal 116 can be turned off to maintain the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using the homogeneous liquid crystal element is selected by switching between two states, a state where there is no phase difference and a state where the phase difference is 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength, as described above. Functions as a possible retardation plate. That is, in the switching phase difference plate 8 using a homogeneous liquid crystal element, a region having no phase difference and a region acting as a half-wave plate for each polarization region of the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 are provided. Configured to be selectable.
- the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal 116 is parallel alignment.
- the orientation direction is the direction of the arrow shown in the second polarizing region 32 shown in FIG.
- the orientation direction is in the direction of 45 degrees on the upper left side from the horizontal direction (45 degrees on the upper left side of the drawing). Therefore, the second polarizing region 32 in FIG. 9A and the first polarizing region 31 in FIG. 9B in which the liquid crystal 116 is in the OFF state are half-wave plates whose optical axes are in the upper left 45 ° direction. Function.
- the linearly polarized light 211 passes through the first polarization region 31 having no phase difference as it is and enters the phase difference film 121 as the linearly polarized light 212.
- the linearly polarized light 211 is converted into linearly polarized light 213 parallel to the horizontal direction by rotating the optical axis in the second polarizing region 32 having a phase difference of 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength, and is incident on the retardation film 121.
- the linearly polarized light 212 and the linearly polarized light 213 are converted into the counterclockwise circularly polarized light 214 and the clockwise circularly polarized light 215, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- the second phase of the switching phase difference plate 8 is changed.
- a voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal 116 in the one polarizing region 31, and the liquid crystal 116 is turned off to maintain the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal.
- a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116 to turn on the liquid crystal, thereby inducing a change in the alignment of the liquid crystal.
- the linearly polarized light 216 is converted into linearly polarized light 217 parallel to the horizontal direction by rotating the optical axis in the first polarizing region 31 having a phase difference, and is incident on the retardation film 121. Then, the linearly polarized light 216 passes through the second polarization region 32 having no phase difference as it is and enters the phase difference film 121 as the linearly polarized light 218.
- the linearly polarized light 217 and the linearly polarized light 218 are converted into the clockwise circularly polarized light 219 and the counterclockwise circularly polarized light 220, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are views for explaining the configuration and operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element, which is a third example of the switching phase difference plate 8 of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10A shows the operation of the switching phase difference plate 8 when forming a single frame image
- FIG. 10B shows a frame image when the image display area is switched by switching the frame.
- action of the switching phase difference plate 8 at the time of forming is shown.
- two stable liquid crystal alignment states that can be selected by applying voltages of different polarities are used.
- the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 correspond to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 in the liquid crystal panel 6. And are provided.
- the alignment films 117 and 118 are aligned so that the liquid crystal 116 is aligned in different directions when a voltage is applied.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element is used. It is possible to induce a change in the alignment of the liquid crystal by simultaneously applying a voltage to the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32. And it can be set as the orientation state of a different direction. When this voltage is applied, the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 function as half-wave plates with different optical axis directions.
- the orientation direction of the liquid crystal 116 when a voltage is applied is the horizontal direction when the observer 50 views the stereoscopic image display device 1 in the first polarizing region 31.
- the direction is 45 degrees on the upper left when the observer 50 looks at the stereoscopic image display device 1 (45 degrees on the upper left on the paper surface).
- the first polarizing region 31 functions as a half-wave plate whose optical axis is the horizontal direction.
- the optical axis functions as a half-wave plate whose direction is 45 degrees from the horizontal to the upper left (upper left 45 degrees on the paper surface).
- the linearly polarized light 221 passes through the first polarizing region 31 as it is and enters the retardation film 121 as linearly polarized light 222.
- the linearly polarized light 221 is linearly polarized light whose optical axis is rotated and parallel to the horizontal direction. It is converted into 223 and enters the retardation film 121.
- the linearly polarized light 222 and the linearly polarized light 223 are converted into a counterclockwise circularly polarized light 224 and a clockwise circularly polarized light 225, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 when the linearly polarized light 226 from the polarizing plate 7 of the liquid crystal display 3 is incident on the switching phase difference plate 8 using a ferroelectric liquid crystal element, the switching phase difference plate 8.
- the liquid crystal 116 in the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 can be simultaneously applied with a voltage having a polarity different from that described above to induce a change in the orientation of the liquid crystal, thereby obtaining an alignment state in a direction different from the above.
- the orientation direction of the liquid crystal 116 when a voltage is applied is the direction of 45 degrees on the upper left when the observer 50 looks at the stereoscopic image display device 1 in the first polarizing region 31 (45 degrees on the upper left of the paper surface).
- the second polarization region 32 is in the horizontal direction when the observer 50 looks at the stereoscopic image display device 1. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal 116, the first polarizing region 31 functions as a half-wave plate whose optical axis is in the direction of 45 degrees from the horizontal to the upper left (upper left 45 degrees in the drawing).
- the second polarizing region 32 functions as a half-wave plate whose optical axis is the horizontal direction.
- the linearly polarized light 226 is a straight line parallel to the horizontal direction by rotating its optical axis. It is converted into polarized light 227 and is incident on the retardation film 121.
- the linearly polarized light 226 passes through the second polarizing region 32 as it is and enters the retardation film 121 as the linearly polarized light 228.
- the linearly polarized light 227 and the linearly polarized light 228 are converted into a clockwise circularly polarized light 229 and a counterclockwise circularly polarized light 230, respectively, by the action of the retardation film 121 which is a quarter wavelength plate.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 using the above-described ferroelectric liquid crystal element is configured as an example in which the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 to be used are not patterned, but are entirely solid, and a voltage is applied to the entire surface of the liquid crystal.
- the transparent electrodes 119 and 120 can be patterned like the switching phase difference plate 8 using the TN liquid crystal element. Instead of inducing a uniform change in the orientation of the liquid crystal 116 at a time by uniformly applying a voltage across the entire surface of the liquid crystal, a voltage is sequentially applied to each of the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 of the liquid crystal 116. It is also possible to sequentially select the alignment state in the liquid crystal 116.
- the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image simultaneously in one frame image when displaying a stereoscopic image.
- the system which distributes an image to the right and left eyes of the observer 50 using the switching phase difference plate 8 which is the above-mentioned optical means, and displays a stereo image is taken.
- all the horizontal scanning lines continuously arranged in the vertical direction of the display screen are divided into the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 21 each composed of a plurality of horizontal lines 23. It is effective to divide the image forming area 22.
- the first image forming area 21 displays one of the right eye image and the left eye image
- the second image forming area 22 displays the other image simultaneously.
- the image forming area for displaying the left-eye image and the right-eye image is exchanged at a predetermined cycle corresponding to the switching of the frames as appropriate.
- the phase difference state of the first polarizing area 31 and the second polarizing area 32 of the switching phase difference plate 8 is switched. Use of such a method is effective for displaying all video information and for viewing by the observer 50.
- FIG. 11 is a figure explaining the display method of a general liquid crystal display.
- a blinking operation of the backlight 2 is introduced to reduce crosstalk related to frame image information update. It is possible to realize.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a first operation method of the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the stereoscopic image display device 1 includes the backlight 2, the liquid crystal display 3, and the retardation plate 8 that is optical means in this order, and also includes a control device 12. These are housed in a housing (not shown). Then, as described above, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 includes the polarizing glasses 10 used by the observer 50 who wants to observe a stereoscopic image.
- the control device 12 instructs the liquid crystal display 3 to output the right eye image and the left eye image simultaneously on one frame image.
- the first image forming area 21 and the first image forming area 21 provided corresponding to a plurality of horizontal lines 23 arranged in the vertical direction of the liquid crystal panel 6 are arranged.
- a right-eye image and a left-eye image are displayed in each of the two image forming areas 22.
- the control device 12 controls the switching phase difference plate 8 to select and control the phase difference states in the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 corresponding to the first image formation region 21 and the second image formation region 22. To do.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 and the switching phase difference plate 8 are controlled, and the image forming areas on which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed are alternately switched.
- the frame images arranged alternately can be displayed.
- the control device 12 controls to display the right-eye image and the left-eye image simultaneously on one frame image on the liquid crystal display 3, and then replace the image forming area in the next frame. It is also possible not to perform. In this case, the control device 12 can perform control so that the liquid crystal display 3 is overwritten as it is, display the overwritten image for at least the next one frame period, and control the switching phase difference plate 8 so as to correspond.
- the control device 12 can simultaneously control the lighting state of the backlight 2. That is, the backlight 2 is turned on for a period during which one frame image is displayed. Then, in the frames in which the image forming areas in which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed before and after that are interchanged, the backlight 2 can be turned off, or the brightness can be appropriately reduced. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the observer 50 from detecting the above-described crosstalk based on the replacement of the afterimages of the right-eye image and the left-eye image and the image forming area.
- the observer 50 can surely perform the right-eye image in the right eye. Only the light can be observed, and only the image light for the left eye can be observed with the left eye. Therefore, the observer 50 can always recognize the right-eye image light and the left-eye image light as a stereoscopic image without sensing the above-described crosstalk based on the replacement of the image forming areas.
- the image formation area is not replaced in the next frame, and when the image is overwritten as it is, the number of times the image is replaced. Decrease.
- the smoothness of the displayed image is lost.
- the backlight blinking performed every frame is performed at a cycle of 30 Hz. Therefore, the blinking of the backlight 2 is detected by the observer 50, and there is a concern that the observer 50 may feel flicker due to the blink.
- the frame frequency in the liquid crystal display 3 is 120 Hz or more.
- the frame frequency is 120 Hz or more.
- the frame frequency in the liquid crystal display 3 can be set to 240 Hz, which is controlled by the control device 12.
- the control device 12 controls the right-eye image and the left-eye image to one frame image on the liquid crystal display 3, and the next frame is overwritten as it is without replacing the image forming area. Further, the image forming area is replaced in the next frame, and overwriting is performed as it is in the subsequent frames. It is possible to control by the control apparatus 12 according to such a pattern. That is, it is possible to control the image formation by the control device 12 according to a pattern in which the display area of the right eye image and the left eye image on the liquid crystal display 3 and the overwriting as it is are repeated in that order for each frame. is there.
- the frame frequency in the liquid crystal display 3 is 240 Hz
- image formation is performed in the subsequent three frames. It is possible to control by the control device 12 so that the area is overwritten without being replaced. In that case, it is also possible to display the overwritten image on the liquid crystal display 3 for the next three frame periods to form a stereoscopic image corresponding to a frame frequency of 60 Hz.
- the backlight 2 is turned off only for 1/240 seconds that is the first one frame period, and then the overwritten image display is performed. Then, the backlight 2 is turned on for 3/240 seconds that is the three frame period. it can.
- the number of replacement of the image forming area is reduced as compared with the above-described pattern in which the display area of the right-eye image and the left-eye image in the liquid crystal display 3 is repeatedly replaced and overwritten as it is.
- the period during which the backlight is turned off can be reduced correspondingly. As a result, the brightness of the stereoscopic display image in the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 can be further improved.
- the flashing of the backlight 2 is also performed at a cycle of 60 Hz. Therefore, there is no concern that the flicker resulting from the flashing of the backlight 2 is also perceived by the observer 50.
- the frame frequency of the liquid crystal display 3 such as 120 Hz or 240 Hz, it is possible to enjoy natural and high-quality stereoscopic display image display.
- a frame image is maintained while maintaining high luminance without introducing a blinking operation of the backlight 2. It is possible to reduce the crosstalk associated with the information update. That is, in the liquid crystal display 3, when switching the frame image, the screen is sequentially updated from the upper horizontal line of the liquid crystal display 3 screen toward the lower horizontal line. Then, the phase difference state of the first polarization region 31 and the second polarization region 32 is switched in the switching phase difference plate 8 in synchronization with the update. In this way, crosstalk can be reduced.
- FIGS. 13A to 13F are diagrams for explaining a second operation method of the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the control device 12 of the stereoscopic image display device 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 12 outputs the right-eye image and the left-eye image simultaneously on one frame image to the liquid crystal display 3. Instruct.
- the liquid crystal display 3 performs, for example, the next image formation on the liquid crystal panel 6 constituting the liquid crystal display 3. That is, as shown in FIG. 13A, each of the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22 is composed of a plurality of horizontal lines arranged continuously in the vertical direction and arranged alternately. A right-eye image and a left-eye image are displayed.
- the control device 12 controls the switching phase difference plate 8, and the first polarizing region 31 corresponding to the first image forming region 21 and the second image forming region 22 In each of the second polarization regions 32, the phase difference state is selected and controlled so that the right eye image and the left eye image are appropriately sensed by the observer's 50 right eye and left eye, respectively.
- FIG. 13A arrows are shown in the first image forming area 21 and the second image forming area 22.
- the direction of the arrow indicates the distinction between the output image for the right eye and the image for the left eye. Therefore, when a right-eye image is output, it is represented by a right-pointing arrow, and when a left-eye image is output, it is represented by a left-pointing arrow.
- FIGS. 13C and 13E The same applies to FIGS. 13C and 13E.
- the right-eye image and the left-eye image are being switched on the horizontal line in the area. Is shown. The same applies to FIG. 13D, and the first polarization region 31a corresponding to the first image forming region 21a indicates that the phase difference state is being switched.
- the liquid crystal panel 6 and the switching phase difference plate 8 are controlled, and the image forming areas in which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed are alternately switched or overwritten, so that the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed.
- the frame images in which the business images are alternately arranged are displayed.
- the first image forming area 21a is an area in the middle of switching between the right-eye image and the left-eye image on the horizontal line in the area.
- the switching phase difference plate 8 does not wait for switching of the phase difference state until the replacement of the entire screen in the liquid crystal panel 6 is completed according to the control by the control device 12.
- the phase difference state of the first polarization region 31 and the phase difference state of the second polarization region 32 can also be switched in conjunction with the switching phase difference plate 8. That is, by controlling the signal synchronized with the scanning signal for image formation in the liquid crystal panel 6, the screen of the liquid crystal panel 6 is updated, and as shown in FIG. The phase difference state between the first polarizing region 31 and the second polarizing region 32 is switched for each region.
- the observer 50 By adopting the above operation method, even if the areas for forming the right-eye image and the left-eye image are switched at a predetermined cycle corresponding to the frame switching, the observer 50 always has the right-eye image light in the right eye. Only the image light for the left eye can be observed with the left eye. Therefore, the observer 50 can always recognize the right-eye image light and the left-eye image light as a stereoscopic image without sensing the above-described crosstalk based on the replacement of the image forming areas. In the stereoscopic image display device 1, it is not necessary to turn off the entire backlight 2 even in a frame in which the image forming area where the right-eye image and the left-eye image are displayed on the liquid crystal panel 6 is exchanged. As a result, the stereoscopic image display device 1 can obtain a bright stereoscopic image display.
- the backlight can be scanned in conjunction with switching between the phase difference state of the first polarization region 31 and the phase difference state of the second polarization region 32 in the switching phase difference plate 8 controlled by the control device 12. is there. In that case, it is controlled by the control device 12, and the backlight is turned off or the luminance is lowered at that portion in accordance with the position of the switching region of the phase difference state in the switching phase difference plate 8. As a result, it is possible to suppress crosstalk while keeping the decrease in brightness to a minimum.
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Abstract
Description
液晶ディスプレイの背面側に配置されたバックライトと、
液晶ディスプレイの前面側に設けられた光学手段と、
観察者が掛けて使用する偏光メガネと、
液晶ディスプレイでの画像表示と光学手段の位相差状態とを制御する制御装置とを備えた立体画像表示装置であって、
液晶ディスプレイは、液晶パネルの垂直方向に連続して並べられた複数の水平ラインを束ねて構成され且つ交互に配設された第一画像形成領域と第二画像形成領域とを有し、制御装置で制御されて、その第一画像形成領域は右目用画像および左目用画像のいずれか一方の画像を、第二画像形成領域は他方の画像をそれぞれ同時に表示するよう構成されており、
その第一画像形成領域と前記第二画像形成領域は、
(1)フレーム切り替え毎に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えを行う、
または、
(2)(1)以外の場合であって、フレームの切り替え時に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えおよび直前のフレームで表示された画像の上書きのいずれか一方を行うよう構成されており、
光学手段は、その第一画像形成領域と第二画像形成領域とにそれぞれ対応する範囲に、第一偏光領域と第二偏光領域とが配置され、それぞれが異なる位相差状態を有するとともに、右目用画像と左目用画像を入れ替えるタイミングに同期して、制御装置によりそれぞれの位相差状態が制御されるよう構成されたことを特徴とする立体画像表示装置に関する。
また、右目用および左目用画像が同時に表示されていることから、観視者の疲労感を軽減することができる。そして、激しい動きをしている立体画像の場合に起きる左右の映像のずれ、そしてそれに伴う立体視の違和感を生じさせないという効果もある。
そして、液晶パネル6は、必要なパターニングがなされた電極が設けられたガラス基板等により液晶を挟持して構成されたものである。電極はITO(Indium Tin Oxide:酸化インジウム錫)等からなる。そして、液晶パネル6としては、例えば、TN(Twisted Nematic)モードやIPS(In-Plane-Switching)モード、あるいはVA(Vertical Alignment)モードの液晶パネルの使用が可能である。これらはいずれも印加される電圧に従い液晶の配向変化が起こる。そして、液晶パネル6の両面に配設された偏光板5、7の作用と組み合わされて、その透過光量の調節を可能としている。
(1)フレーム切り替え毎に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えを行う。
(2)(1)以外の場合であって、フレームの切り替え時に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えおよび直前のフレームで表示された画像の上書きのいずれか一方を行う。尚、(2)の場合では、入れ替えを行わずにそれぞれが右目用画像と左目用画像を維持し続ける場合を含まない。
本実施の形態の切替位相差板8は、第一偏光領域31および第二偏光領域32を有する。図1および後述する図3に示すように、この切替位相差板8における第一偏光領域31および第二偏光領域32は、その位置および大きさが、液晶パネル6の第一画像形成領域21および第二画像形成領域22の範囲、すなわち、位置および大きさに対応している。
図3に示すように、立体画像表示装置1において、液晶ディスプレイ3と切替位相差板8とが積層されており、接着剤101によって互いに隙間なく固定されていることが好ましい。
また、基板114とその上に設けられた透明電極119との間であって、第一偏光領域31と第二偏光領域32の境界領域に対応する位置に、遮光部として後述するブラックストライプ122が設けられている。
すなわち、立体画像表示装置1の画面を構成する液晶ディスプレイ3の中央鉛直方向からある視野角をもって、観察者50が立体画像表示装置1上の立体画像を観察する場合がある。本来、ある一つのフレーム画像表示時では、切替位相差板8の第一偏光領域31には、上述の場合の液晶パネル6の第一画像形成領域21を透過した右目用画像光のみが入射する必要がある。そして、第二偏光領域32には、第二画像形成領域22を透過した左目用画像光のみが入射する必要がある。しかし、上下視野角を大きくとった場合に、液晶パネル6の第一画像形成領域21を透過した右目用画像光の一部が、本来左目用画像光のみが入射すべき第二偏光領域32に入射してしまうことがある。そして、そのまま左目用画像光とともに観察者50の左目に届いてしまうことがある。
すなわち、上述のように、本実施の形態の立体画像表示装置1の液晶パネル6においては、上から垂直方向に順次、例えば3本ずつの水平ライン23が束ねられて便宜上一つの組を構成する。そして、その束ねられた水平ライン23の組のそれぞれに対応するよう、それぞれ同一面積の第一画像形成領域21と第二画像形成領域22とが設けられている。したがって、対応する切替位相差板8の第一偏光領域31および第二偏光領域32は、互いに隣接するように設けられる。そのため、クロストークは、立体画像表示装置1の画面の上下方向のある視野角以上で、観察者50が画面上の画像を観察する場合に起こりやすい。
以上から、クロストークの低減および視野角特性の向上という観点からは、液晶パネル6の第一画像形成領域21および第二画像形成領域22を形成する際に、便宜上束ねて一組にする水平ライン23の本数をより多くすることが好ましい。
このように、切替位相差板8に遮光部としてブラックストライプ122を設けることにより、立体画像表示装置1においてクロストークを生じにくくさせることができる。
すなわち、立体画像表示装置1では、図3に示すように、切替位相差板8と液晶ディスプレイ3とが配置される。そのため、液晶ディスプレイ3における偏光板7が取り付けられた側の面が、切替位相差板8におけるブラックストライプ122が設けられた面と対向している。そして、切替位相差板8の第一偏光領域31および第二偏光領域32が、液晶パネル6の第一画像生成領域21および第二画像生成領域22とそれぞれ対向するように液晶ディスプレイ3と切替位相差板8とが互いの面方向について位置決めされている。
図3に示すように、切替位相差板8を構成する基板114、115について、透明で高強度のガラス基板を選択して用いることが可能である。しかし、基板114、115の厚さは厚くなり、上記したクロストークの発生を助長する懸念がある。
したがって、基板114、115には、高い強度と透明性を維持しつつ、厚さがより薄い基板を選択して使用することが望ましい。
まず、長尺のガラスクロスに樹脂を含浸させ、半硬化の状態まで乾燥する。そして、この半硬化の状態で適当な大きさに切断をした後、樹脂が硬化する温度でプレス等加熱処理を行い、所望のガラスクロス強化透明フィルムを完成する。
このようなガラス強化透明フィルムは、エポキシ樹脂等マトリクス中にガラスクロスが積層されている構造であり、ガラスクロスの面方向において特に低い熱膨張率を有する。
そして、そのとき併せて、切替位相差板8を構成する基板114,115を薄いものとすることが好ましいことがわかった。
図4(a)および図4(b)に示すように、偏光メガネ10を構成する右目用メガネ部41および左目用メガネ部42は、それぞれ1/4波長板43a、43bと、偏光板45a、45bとをこの順で備え、これらがフレームに固定されている。
TN型液晶素子を利用した例である切替位相差板8の製造においては、まず、ガラスクロス強化透明フィルムからなる基板114、115を用意する。そして、前面側の基板115上に、上述したように、帯状にパターニングされたブラックストライプ122を形成する。次にそれぞれの基板114、115上にスパッタリング法を用いて透明導電層(たとえばITO膜)を厚さ100nm~140nmで形成する。その後、透明導電層を、フォトリソグラフィー法を用いてパターニングすることにより透明電極119、120を形成する。
こうすることにより、液晶116は電圧無印可状態である初期状態において、90度ねじれ配向の状態となる。したがって、TN型液晶素子を利用した例である切替位相差板8は、液晶116の配向変化の誘起によって、液晶116が90度の旋光性を有する状態とそうした旋光性を有しない状態との二つの状態を切替ることが可能な切替位相差板8として機能する。尚、TN型液晶素子を利用した例である切替位相差板8は、液晶116が90度の旋光性を有する場合、偏光軸が水平方向と垂直な方向にある直線偏光として入射した画像光を、水平方向と平行な直線偏光として出射することが可能である。
ホモジニアス型液晶素子を利用した例である切替位相差板8の製造においては、まず始めに、ガラスクロス強化透明フィルムからなる基板114、115を用意する。そして、前面側の基板115上に、上述したように、帯状にパターニングされたブラックストライプ122を形成する。次にそれぞれの基板114、115上にスパッタリング法を用いて透明導電層(たとえばITO膜)を厚さ100nm~140nmで形成する。その後、透明導電層を、フォトリソグラフィー法を用いてパターニングすることにより透明電極119、120を形成する。
強誘電性液晶素子を利用した例である切替位相差板8の製造においては、まず始めに、ガラスクロス強化透明フィルムからなる基板114、115を用意する。そして、前面側の基板115上に、上述したように、帯状にパターニングされたブラックストライプ122を形成する。次にそれぞれの基板114、115上にスパッタリング法を用いて透明導電層(たとえばITO膜)を厚さ100nm~140nmで基板114、115上全面ベタ状に形成し、透明電極119、120とする。
こうすることにより、透明電極119、120に電圧を印加して液晶116に対して面内均一に電圧を印加した場合、第一偏光領域31の液晶116の光学軸は、観察者50が立体画像表示装置1を見たときの水平方向か、または水平方向から左上45度の方向(紙面の左上方45度)となる。そして、第二偏光領域32では第一偏光領域と異なる状態となって、水平方向から左上45度の方向(紙面の左上方45度)か、または水平方向となる。
次に、強誘電性液晶素子を利用した切替位相差板8を画素表示のための上述の液晶ディスプレイ3の画素にあわせて位置合わせを行う。そして、接着材101を介して貼り合わせを行う。
図5(a)に示すように、従来のパッシブ駆動型液晶表示素子300では、上部電極302と下部電極301はそれぞれストライプ状にパターニングされ、それぞれが直交するよう、マトリクス状に設置される。
図6(a)は、従来のアクティブ駆動型液晶表示素子310の構成を模式的に示す図であり、図6(b)は、アクティブ駆動型の液晶素子を利用する本実施形態の切替位相差板8の主要部の構成を模式的に示す図である。
一方、本実施形態の切替位相差板8では、図6(b)に示すように、アクティブ駆動型の液晶素子を利用して構成する場合、走査線320と信号線321とを平行となるよう設置する。そして、上部側の透明電極120である画素電極は、具備するアクティブ素子323で液晶116を駆動することができる最大の横幅を有して横長の構造となることが好ましい。
次に、こうして得られた左目用画像光と右目用画像光はそれぞれ観察者50の掛ける偏光メガネ10に入射する。
その結果、直線偏光201は旋光性の無い第一偏光領域31をそのまま通過し、直線偏光202として位相差フィルム121に入射する。
そして、1/4波長板である位相差フィルム121の作用により、直線偏光202と直線偏光203は、それぞれ左回りの円偏光204と右回りの円偏光205に変換される。
そして、直線偏光206は旋光性の無い第二偏光領域32をそのまま通過し、直線偏光208として位相差フィルム121に入射する。
そして、1/4波長板である位相差フィルム121の作用により、直線偏光207と直線偏光208は、それぞれ右回りの円偏光209と左回りの円偏光210に変換される。
図9(a)および(b)は、本実施形態の切替位相差板8の第二の例であるホモジニアス型液晶素子を利用した切替位相差板8の構成と作用について説明する図である。そして、図9(a)では、ある一つのフレーム画像を形成する際の切替位相差板8の作用を示し、図9(b)では、フレームの切り替えにより画像表示領域が入れ替わった場合のフレーム画像を形成する際の切替位相差板8の作用を示す。
そして、直線偏光211は、位相差が1/2波長である第二偏光領域32で光学軸が回転されて水平方向と平行な直線偏光213に変換され、位相差フィルム121に入射する。
そして、直線偏光216は位相差の無い第二偏光領域32をそのまま通過し、直線偏光218として位相差フィルム121に入射する。
そして、1/4波長板である位相差フィルム121の作用により、直線偏光217と直線偏光218は、それぞれ右回りの円偏光219と左回りの円偏光220に変換される。
図10(a)および(b)は、本実施形態の切替位相差板8の第三の例である強誘電性液晶素子を利用した切替位相差板8の構成と作用について説明する図である。そして、図10(a)では、ある一つのフレーム画像を形成する際の切替位相差板8の作用を示し、図10(b)では、フレームの切り替えにより画像表示領域が入れ替わった場合のフレーム画像を形成する際の切替位相差板8の作用を示す。強誘電性液晶素子を利用した切替位相差板8では、異なる極性の電圧の印加により選択可能な二つの安定な液晶配向状態をそれぞれ利用する。
そして、光学軸が水平方向から左上45度の方向で位相差が1/2波長である第二偏光領域32において、直線偏光221は、自身の光学軸が回転されて水平方向と平行な直線偏光223に変換され、位相差フィルム121に入射する。
したがって、液晶116への電圧印加時において、第一偏光領域31では、光学軸が水平方向から左上45度の方向(紙面の左上方45度)である1/2波長板として機能する。一方、第二偏光領域32では、光学軸が水平方向である1/2波長板として機能する。
そして、1/4波長板である位相差フィルム121の作用により、直線偏光227と直線偏光228は、それぞれ右回りの円偏光229と左回りの円偏光230に変換される。
上述のように、本実施の形態の立体画像表示装置1は、立体画像の表示をする場合、一つのフレーム画像において右目用画像と左目用画像とを同時に表示する。そして、上述の光学手段である切替位相差板8を用いて観察者50の左右の目に画像を振り分けて立体画像を表示する方式をとる。その場合、全ての画像情報を表示するため、まず表示画面の垂直方向に連続して並べられた全水平走査ラインを、複数の水平ライン23からそれぞれ構成される第一画像形成領域21と第二画像形成領域22とに分割するのが有効である。
以上のように、液晶ディスプレイ3におけるフレーム周波数を120Hzや240Hzなど向上させることにより、自然で高画質な立体表示画像表示を楽しむことが可能となる。
すなわち、液晶ディスプレイ3では、フレーム画像の切り替えに際し、液晶ディスプレイ3画面の上側の水平ラインから下側の水平ラインに向けて順次画面を更新して行く。そして、その更新と同期させて切替位相差板8において、第一偏光領域31と第二偏光領域32の位相差状態を切り替えていく。このようにすることで、クロストークを低減することが可能となる。
このことは図13(d)についても同様であり、第一画像形成領域21aに対応する第一偏光領域31aでは、位相差状態の切り替えの最中であることを表している。
すなわち、液晶パネル6における画像形成のための走査信号に同期する信号の制御により、液晶パネル6における画面の更新にともなって、図13(d)に示すように、対応する切替位相差板8の第一偏光領域31および第二偏光領域32の位相差状態の切替を領域毎に行っていく。
そして、立体画像表示装置1では、液晶パネル6で右目用画像と左目用画像の表示された画像形成領域を入れ替えるフレームにおいてもバックライト2全体を消灯する必要はない。その結果、立体画像表示装置1では、明るい立体画像表示を得ることが可能となる。
すなわち、制御装置12により制御され、切替位相差板8における第一偏光領域31の位相差状態と第二偏光領域32の位相差状態の切り替えに連動して、バックライトをスキャンすることが可能である。その場合、制御装置12に制御され、切替位相差板8における位相差状態の切り替え領域の位置に合わせ、その部分でバックライトを消灯もしくは輝度を落とすようにする。その結果、明るさの減少を最低限に保ちながら、クロストークを抑えることが可能となる。
2 バックライト
3 液晶ディスプレイ
5、7、45a、45b 偏光板
6 液晶パネル
8 切替位相差板
10 偏光メガネ
12 制御装置
21、21a 第一画像形成領域
22 第二画像形成領域
23 水平ライン
31、31a 第一偏光領域
32 第二偏光領域
41 右目用メガネ部
42 左目用メガネ部
43a、43b 1/4波長板
50 観察者
101 接着剤
104、105、114、115 基板
106、116 液晶
117、118 配向膜
119、120 透明電極
121 位相差フィルム
122 ブラックストライプ
201、202、203、206、207、208、211、212、213、216、217、218、221、222、223、226、227、228 直線偏光
204、205、209、210、214、215、219、220、224、225、229、230 円偏光
300 パッシブ駆動型液晶表示素子
301 下部電極
302 上部電極
310 アクティブ駆動型液晶表示素子
311、321 信号線
312、320 走査線
313、323 アクティブ素子
314 画素電極
Claims (12)
- 画素を水平方向に配列してなる水平ラインを、垂直方向に複数並べて構成された液晶パネルと、前記液晶パネルを挟持する一対の偏光板とを有する液晶ディスプレイと、
前記液晶ディスプレイの背面側に配置されたバックライトと、
前記液晶ディスプレイの前面側に設けられた光学手段と、
観察者が掛けて使用する偏光メガネと、
前記液晶ディスプレイでの画像表示と前記光学手段の位相差状態とを制御する制御装置とを備えた立体画像表示装置であって、
前記液晶ディスプレイは、前記液晶パネルの垂直方向に連続して並べられた前記複数の水平ラインを束ねて構成され且つ交互に配設された第一画像形成領域と第二画像形成領域とを有し、前記制御装置で制御されて、前記第一画像形成領域は右目用画像および左目用画像のいずれか一方の画像を、前記第二画像形成領域は他方の画像をそれぞれ同時に表示するよう構成されており、
前記第一画像形成領域と前記第二画像形成領域は、
(1)フレーム切り替え毎に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えを行う、
または、
(2)(1)以外の場合であって、フレームの切り替え時に右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えおよび直前のフレームで表示された画像の上書きのいずれか一方を行うよう構成されており、
前記光学手段は、前記第一画像形成領域と前記第二画像形成領域とにそれぞれ対応する範囲に、第一偏光領域と第二偏光領域とが配置され、それぞれが異なる位相差状態を有するとともに、前記右目用画像と前記左目用画像を入れ替えるタイミングに同期して、前記制御装置によりそれぞれの位相差状態が制御されるよう構成されたことを特徴とする立体画像表示装置。 - 前記光学手段は、前記制御装置により制御されて、前記第一偏光領域と前記第二偏光領域とがそれぞれが異なる位相差状態を有するとともに、前記液晶ディスプレイでの前記右目用画像と前記左目用画像の入れ替えのタイミングに同期して、前記第一偏光領域と前記第二偏光領域との間で位相差状態が入れ替わるよう構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記第一画像形成領域と前記第二画像形成領域とはそれぞれ、前記液晶パネルの垂直方向に連続して並べられた2本から60本の水平ラインからなる画像形成領域であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記バックライトは、前記右目用画像と前記左目用画像を入れ替えるタイミングに合わせて、前記制御装置によって、全体の点灯状態が制御されるよう構成されたものであるか、または前記第一偏光領域と前記第二偏光領域との間の位相差状態の入れ替えに対応するよう一部の点灯状態が制御されてスキャンニングをするよう構成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記液晶ディスプレイの水平ライン毎に制御して当該液晶ディスプレイでの前記右目用画像と前記左目用画像の入れ替えを制御するとともに、当該水平ライン毎の制御と同期させて、当該制御にかかる液晶ディスプレイの水平ラインを含む前記第一画像形成領域または前記第二画像形成領域に対応する、前記光学手段の前記第一偏光領域または前記第二偏光領域の位相差状態の制御を行うものであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記制御装置は、前記液晶ディスプレイの上の水平ラインから下の水平ラインに向けて水平ライン毎に順次制御して右目用画像と左目用画像の入れ替えを制御するとともに、前記光学手段における前記第一偏光領域と前記第二偏光領域との間の位相差状態の入れ替えを前記液晶ディスプレイでの当該制御に同期させて、前記光学手段の上から下に向けて順次行うよう制御するものであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記光学手段は、対向する表面に透明電極が配設された一対の基板の間に液晶を挟持するとともに、前記液晶を挟持する基板の外側の面に位相差フィルムを設けて構成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記光学手段の前記第一偏光領域と第二偏光領域との境界の少なくとも一部には、遮光部が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記光学手段は、TN型液晶素子、ホモジニアス型液晶素子および強誘電性液晶素子よりなる群から選ばれるいずれか1つの液晶素子を利用して構成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記光学手段を構成する基板は、ポリカーボネイトフィルム、トリアセチルセルロースフィルム、シクロオレフィンポリマーフィルム、ポリエーテルスルホンフィルムおよびガラスクロス強化透明フィルムからなる群から選ばれるいずれか1つのフィルム用いて構成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記液晶ディスプレイにおけるフレームの切り替えは、120Hz以上の周期で行われることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載の立体画像表示装置。
- 前記液晶ディスプレイにおけるフレームの切り替えは、240Hz以上の周期で行われることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の立体画像表示装置。
Priority Applications (4)
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|---|---|---|---|
| US13/318,251 US9142176B2 (en) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | Stereoscopic image display apparatus |
| JP2011522723A JP5420665B2 (ja) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | 立体画像表示装置 |
| CN2011800012925A CN102859420A (zh) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | 立体图像显示装置 |
| KR1020117017699A KR101230067B1 (ko) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | 입체 화상 표시장치 |
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| JP2010204823 | 2010-09-13 | ||
| JP2010-204823 | 2010-09-13 |
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| WO2012035806A1 true WO2012035806A1 (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
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| PCT/JP2011/056459 Ceased WO2012035806A1 (ja) | 2010-09-13 | 2011-03-17 | 立体画像表示装置 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US9142176B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5420665B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101230067B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102859420A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2012035806A1 (ja) |
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| KR20140044593A (ko) * | 2012-10-05 | 2014-04-15 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 입체영상 표시장치 |
| WO2015049929A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-09 | シャープ株式会社 | 立体表示装置 |
| WO2015059996A1 (ja) * | 2013-10-24 | 2015-04-30 | シャープ株式会社 | 立体表示装置 |
| CN112534317A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-03-19 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 层叠体、液晶显示装置、有机电致发光装置 |
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| KR101068880B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-09-30 | 주식회사 파버나인코리아 | 멀티 모드 입체 영상 표시 장치 |
| KR20130140960A (ko) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-12-26 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 액티브 리타더 역할을 하는 패널과 이의 제조 방법 및 이를 구비한 입체 영상 구현 시스템 |
| KR101977241B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-23 | 2019-05-10 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 패턴드 리타더 방식의 입체 영상 표시장치에 적용되는 블랙 스트립을 구비한 편광 필름 |
| CN102722044B (zh) * | 2012-06-07 | 2015-05-20 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | 立体显示系统 |
| CN103916651A (zh) * | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-09 | 东莞万士达液晶显示器有限公司 | 可平衡左右眼图像亮度的立体图像系统及相关驱动方法 |
| CN103399412A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 立体显示装置及其制造方法 |
| CN103676319B (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-08-17 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | 液晶显示器、3d眼镜和显示系统 |
| CN105204105A (zh) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-30 | 株式会社有泽制作所 | 眼镜用部件、眼镜及眼镜用部件的制造方法 |
| KR102250045B1 (ko) * | 2014-10-06 | 2021-05-11 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 디스플레이 장치 및 디스플레이 시스템 |
| CN105093554B (zh) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-07-11 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种3d显示模组及其制作方法、显示装置 |
| JP6815249B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2021-01-20 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 表示装置 |
| JP7122673B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-08-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 表示器、表示システム、移動体 |
| CN116300130A (zh) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-06-23 | 斌研技术咨询(上海)有限公司 | 偏光调节组件、立体图像和视频拼合方法及立体显像系统 |
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- 2011-03-17 CN CN2011800012925A patent/CN102859420A/zh active Pending
- 2011-03-17 US US13/318,251 patent/US9142176B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN112534317A (zh) * | 2018-08-06 | 2021-03-19 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 层叠体、液晶显示装置、有机电致发光装置 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20120037906A (ko) | 2012-04-20 |
| JPWO2012035806A1 (ja) | 2014-01-20 |
| US20120147281A1 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
| JP5420665B2 (ja) | 2014-02-19 |
| CN102859420A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
| US9142176B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 |
| KR101230067B1 (ko) | 2013-02-05 |
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