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WO2012032810A1 - Fantôme pour biopsie et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Fantôme pour biopsie et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012032810A1
WO2012032810A1 PCT/JP2011/060621 JP2011060621W WO2012032810A1 WO 2012032810 A1 WO2012032810 A1 WO 2012032810A1 JP 2011060621 W JP2011060621 W JP 2011060621W WO 2012032810 A1 WO2012032810 A1 WO 2012032810A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phantom
biopsy
layer
container
biopsy needle
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
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PCT/JP2011/060621
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
荒井毅久
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Fujifilm Corp
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Fujifilm Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2012032810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012032810A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B10/00—Instruments for taking body samples for diagnostic purposes; Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. for vaccination diagnosis, sex determination or ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
    • A61B10/02—Instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy
    • A61B10/0233—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments
    • A61B10/0266—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample
    • A61B10/0275—Pointed or sharp biopsy instruments means for severing sample with sample notch, e.g. on the side of inner stylet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/022—Stereoscopic imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0407—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body
    • A61B6/0414—Supports, e.g. tables or beds, for the body or parts of the body with compression means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/12—Arrangements for detecting or locating foreign bodies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
    • A61B6/4233—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using matrix detectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/502—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30—Anatomical models
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/00707—Dummies, phantoms; Devices simulating patient or parts of patient
    • A61B2017/00716—Dummies, phantoms; Devices simulating patient or parts of patient simulating physical properties

Definitions

  • the present invention provides the inspection object used for biopsy training for the doctor to puncture a biological inspection object such as a human body with a biopsy needle and collect the tissue of the biopsy site in the inspection object, and the biopsy It relates to a phantom that simulates the tissue of a test site.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the phantom.
  • biopsies have been widely used in which a doctor punctures a biopsy needle such as a human body with a biopsy needle and collects a tissue at a biopsy site in the test subject.
  • the biopsy since it is difficult to visually recognize a biopsy site (for example, a lesion in the breast) in the inspection object from the outside, the biopsy performs stereo imaging for irradiating the inspection object with radiation and performs the inspection.
  • a three-dimensional coordinate position of the biopsy site is calculated from the stereo image, and then a doctor uses the biopsy needle to the inspection object based on the calculated three-dimensional coordinate position.
  • the tissue at the biopsy site is collected with the biopsy needle. Since the collected tissue is also opaque, it is possible to confirm the inside of the tissue based on the radiographic image by performing radiography on the tissue and acquiring a radiographic image.
  • the phantom of US Pat. No. 5,273,435 incorporates a liquid iodine (a black pigment) that simulates a tumor as a tissue of a biopsy site in gelatin that simulates a breast as an object to be examined.
  • the gelatin is a material that transmits radiation and light
  • the black pigment is a material that is opaque to the radiation and light. Therefore, the doctor punctures the phantom with a biopsy needle, collects the black pigment and a part of the gelatin in the vicinity of the black pigment as a collection, removes the biopsy needle from the phantom and removes the collection. By taking out, biopsy training using the phantom can be performed.
  • the black pigment has a diameter of several millimeters that simulates a tumor and is a liquid substance of iodine. For this reason, when a doctor punctures the biopsy needle and collects the black pigment, the collected material has a shape different from an actual tumor while the liquid material has spread. Therefore, even if the doctor performs biopsy training using the phantom, it is difficult to improve the skill level of the biopsy.
  • the black pigment sticks to the trace of the biopsy needle in the phantom.
  • a part of the collected calcified tissue does not stick to the trace of the biopsy needle. Therefore, such adhesion of the black pigment is a phenomenon that cannot normally occur in an actual biopsy.
  • a biopsy needle composed of a hollow cylinder with a sharp tip is punctured into the phantom, and the black pigment and gelatin in the vicinity of the opening are sucked from the opening formed near the tip through the hollow portion.
  • VAB Vauum Assisted Biopsy
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a phantom capable of training a biopsy for collecting a small tissue such as a calcified tissue, and easily visualizing the contents of the collected material from the outside, and a method for manufacturing the same. To do.
  • a phantom according to the present invention has a first member that simulates a living body, and a second member that simulates a calcified tissue in the living body and is built in the first member.
  • the first member includes a polysaccharide capable of transmitting radiation and light
  • the second member is a substance having a low transmittance for the radiation and light compared to the first member, or It is a substance that is opaque to the radiation and the light.
  • the second member simulating the calcified tissue is built in the first member, biopsy training for collecting a small tissue such as the calcified tissue can be performed. It becomes possible. Therefore, when a doctor performs biopsy training using the phantom, for example, the doctor's skill in biopsy for collecting calcified tissue in the breast can be improved.
  • the doctor punctures the first member with a biopsy needle by, for example, VAB, and the biopsy needle is inserted into the second member and the second member. While sucking a part of the first member in the vicinity of the second member, the second member and a part of the first member are collected as a sample, and then the biopsy needle is extracted from the first member When the sample is taken out from the biopsy needle, the shape of the sample taken out can maintain the shape of a part of the second member and the first member at the time of collection.
  • the doctor can easily visually check the contents of the collected material from the outside. That is, since the doctor can easily check the presence or absence of the second member without disassembling the collected material, the collected material can be easily analyzed. As described above, since the presence or absence of the second member in the sample can be easily recognized, the second object to be sampled can be obtained without performing radiography (acquisition of a radiation image) on the sample. The biopsy needle can be accurately positioned with respect to the member, and it can be easily confirmed whether or not the sample containing the second member has been collected as intended.
  • the second member is a substance having a low transmittance with respect to the radiation and the light compared to the first member, or is a substance that is impermeable to the radiation and the light, the doctor In either case, the first member and the second member in the sample are collected even if the sample is visually recognized or a radiographic image is obtained by performing radiography on the sample. It can be easily identified.
  • the first member includes a water-soluble natural polymer polysaccharide, and more preferably, the water-soluble natural polymer polysaccharide is gellan gum.
  • the said extract can maintain the shape of a part of said 2nd member and said 1st member at the time of extraction
  • the biopsy needle formed on the phantom is traced to the trace. It is possible to avoid sticking of the metal or the ceramic.
  • the biopsy needle is removed from the biopsy needle. It is possible to reliably prevent the lead or the alumina from sticking, and even if the doctor visually recognizes the collected material, or performs radiography on the collected material, Even in this case, the first member and the lead or the alumina in the sample can be easily identified.
  • the doctor can accurately place the biopsy needle on the calcified tissue with a precision of about ⁇ 1 mm. It is also possible to perform training for positioning with the, so that the skill level of biopsy can be further improved.
  • the first member is constituted by a laminated structure of a first layer and a second layer laminated on the first layer, and the second member is provided at an interface between the first layer and the second layer. You may arrange.
  • the phantom is completed by laminating the second layer on the upper surface of the first layer on which the second member is arranged. be able to.
  • the second member can be easily built in the first member, and the phantom can be easily manufactured.
  • the phantom can be easily stored.
  • the gellan gum is shielded from the outside air, so that generation of mold or the like in the phantom can be prevented.
  • the container accommodates the phantom and has a container body in which an opening communicating with the housing area of the phantom is formed, and a cover that closes the opening in a state where the phantom is housed in the container body
  • the cover member may be thinner than the container body, and the biopsy needle may be pierced into the first member by breaking through the cover member.
  • the upper surface of the phantom and the cover member may be brought into close contact with each other, or the container may be filled with an inert gas.
  • biopsy phantom described above is manufactured by the following process.
  • the biopsy phantom manufacturing method includes a first member that simulates a living body and a second member that simulates a calcified tissue in the living body and is incorporated in the first member.
  • a phantom manufacturing method Solidifying a gellan gum powder in water to form a first layer; A step of dispersing and arranging the plurality of second members on the upper surface of the solidified first layer; Each gellan gum powder dissolved in water is solidified on the upper surface of the first layer to form a second layer, whereby each of the first members composed of the first layer and the second layer is included in the first member.
  • Arranging the second member It is characterized by consisting of.
  • FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a phantom according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the phantom of FIG. 1A
  • 2A is a perspective view showing a state in which the phantom of FIGS. 1A and 1B is housed in a container
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the phantom and container of FIG. 2A
  • FIG. 3A is a perspective view before the biopsy needle is punctured into the container
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the biopsy needle, phantom, and container of FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the tip of the biopsy needle is torn off the cover member of the container, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state punctured.
  • FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the biopsy needle starts suctioning a part of the second member and the first member
  • FIG. 5B shows a sample obtained by collecting a part of the second member and the first member by the biopsy needle. It is sectional drawing which shows the state extract
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the collected material is sucked
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the biopsy needle is extracted from the phantom and the container.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the collected material is sucked
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the biopsy needle is extracted from the phantom
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing a state in which the biopsy needle is pulled out from the phantom and the container
  • FIG. 7B is a perspective view showing a sample taken out from the biopsy needle.
  • It is a perspective view of a mammography apparatus. It is a partial side view of the mammography apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating typically the stereo imaging
  • the phantom 10 includes a first member 12 that simulates a test object (eg, breast) of a living body such as a human body, and a calcified tissue in the test object. It has a simulated second member 16 and is used as a biopsy training phantom for a doctor to puncture the biopsy needle 30 (see FIG. 3A) and collect the second member 16.
  • the rectangular first member 12 is configured by sequentially stacking a block-shaped first layer 12a and a second layer 12b, and a plurality of interfaces are formed on the interface 14 between the first layer 12a and the second layer 12b.
  • a particulate second member 16 is disposed.
  • the first member 12 includes a polysaccharide that can transmit radiation and light.
  • the polysaccharide is a water-soluble natural polymer polysaccharide produced by a microbial fermentation method and having a viscosity higher than that of gelatin, more preferably gellan gum.
  • the second member 16 is made of a material having a low transmittance with respect to radiation and light as compared with the first member 12 or a material impermeable to radiation and light.
  • the second member 16 is made of metal or ceramic, more preferably lead or alumina.
  • the second member 16 is a particle having a diameter of 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, which is approximately the same size as the actual calcified tissue in the breast, and this size is the outer diameter of the biopsy needle 30, more preferably the raw material.
  • the size is smaller than the inner diameter (approximately several mm) of the hollow portion 36 of the meter-reading 30.
  • the phantom 10 is manufactured, for example, by the following steps (1) to (4) (a method for manufacturing a biopsy phantom).
  • the gellan gum powder dissolved in water to form a sol is poured into a bottom of a rectangular mold (not shown) and solidified (gelled) to form the first layer 12a.
  • a plurality of second members 16 are dispersedly arranged on the upper surface of the solidified first layer 12a.
  • a gel layer gum powder dissolved in water to form a sol is poured into a space formed by the side surface of the mold and the top surface of the first layer 12a to solidify, thereby forming the second layer 12b. Thereby, the phantom 10 is completed.
  • the completed phantom 10 is taken out from the mold.
  • the first member 12 made of gel-like gellan gum may generate mold when exposed to the outside air, it is housed in a container 18 that can transmit radiation and light as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. Is done.
  • the container 18 includes a substantially rectangular container body 20 in which an opening 28 for accommodating the phantom 10 is formed, and a flange 22 and an opening 28 at the upper end of the container body 20 in a state where the phantom 10 is accommodated in the container body 20. And a sheet-like cover member 24 covering the.
  • the cover member 24 closes the opening 28, the inside of the container 18 and the outside air are blocked, and a chamber 26 for containing (accommodating) the phantom 10 is formed.
  • the thickness of the cover member 24 is set to be thinner than the thickness of the container body 20.
  • the phantom 10 may be sealed in the container 18 so that the upper surface of the phantom 10 and the cover member 24 are in close contact without providing such a gap.
  • an antifungal agent or bittern may be added to the first member 12.
  • the gap between the phantom 10 the container body 20 and the cover member 24 is filled with a liquid to which an antifungal agent or bittern is added, and then the flange 22 and the opening 28 are formed. Even if it is covered with the cover member 24 and the phantom 10 is sealed in the container 18, generation of mold in the first member 12 can be prevented.
  • the doctor performs biopsy training on the examination object (breast) in the order of [1] to [6] below.
  • the biopsy needle 30 is a biopsy needle that is actually used for biopsy for an inspection object.
  • the distal end portion 34 of the hollow cylindrical needle body 32 is processed into a sharp shape, and an opening 38 communicating with the hollow portion 36 is formed on the side surface of the needle body 32 in the vicinity of the distal end portion 34. Is formed.
  • a hollow cylindrical cutter 40 (see FIGS. 3A to 7A) is disposed in the hollow portion 36 so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the direction of the tip end portion 34.
  • a suction pump (not shown) is connected to the hollow portion 36 and the hollow portion of the cylindrical cutter 40.
  • the suction pump is driven to suck the object in the vicinity of the opening 38 into the hollow portion 36 through the opening 38, the hollow portion 36, and the hollow portion of the cylindrical cutter 40.
  • VAB Vauum Assisted Biopsy
  • the biopsy needle 30 is exaggerated in order to illustrate the structure of the biopsy needle 30 in detail.
  • the doctor moves the tip 34 of the biopsy needle 30 above the second member 16 to be collected based on each calculated three-dimensional coordinate position, and then moves the biopsy needle 30 toward the phantom 10.
  • the distal end portion 34 of the biopsy needle 30 penetrates the thin cover member 24 and enters the container 18, and reaches the upper surface of the second layer 12 b constituting the phantom 10.
  • the distal end portion 34 of the biopsy needle 30 may enter the second layer 12b.
  • a stereo image of the phantom 10 With the distal end portion 34 of the biopsy needle 30 reaching the second layer 12b, a stereo image of the phantom 10, the container 18, and the biopsy needle 30 is acquired again by performing a second stereo shooting in which radiation is irradiated from the outside. Thereafter, the amount of movement of the biopsy needle 30 necessary for positioning the opening 38 of the biopsy needle 30 in the vicinity of the second member 16 is calculated.
  • the doctor lowers the biopsy needle 30 by the calculated amount of movement of the biopsy needle 30, thereby opening the opening at a position facing the second member 16, as shown in FIGS. 4B and 5A.
  • the third stereo imaging in which radiation is irradiated from the outside is performed, and a stereo image in which the biopsy needle 30 is punctured into the phantom 10 is acquired. Thereby, it can be confirmed whether or not the opening 38 of the biopsy needle 30 is disposed in the vicinity of the second member 16 to be collected.
  • the opening 38 is a part of the first layer 12 a centering on the interface 14, the second member 16. And it arrange
  • the suction member (not shown) connected to the hollow portion 36 of the biopsy needle 30 and the hollow portion of the cylindrical cutter 40 is driven, and the second member 16 facing the opening 38 and the second member 16 are driven. A part of the first member 12 near the two members 16 is sucked into the hollow portion 36 through the opening 38.
  • a portion of the hollow portion 36 facing the opening 38 is filled with a part of the second member 16 and the first member 12 (first layer 12a and second layer 12b) by the suction action of the suction pump. 2, the second member 16 and a part of the first member 12 are cut by lowering the cylindrical cutter 40 toward the distal end portion 34 and collected as a substantially cylindrical sample 42 (see FIG. 5B). Thereby, a cavity 44 in which a part of the second member 16 and the first member 12 is cut off by the biopsy needle 30 is formed at a location near the opening 38 in the phantom 10.
  • the collected material 42 is sucked through the hollow portion 36 and the hollow portion of the cylindrical cutter 40 by the suction action of the suction pump, while shown in FIGS. 6B and 7A.
  • the biopsy needle 30 is extracted upward from the phantom 10 and separated from the phantom 10 and the container 18. As a result, a trace 46 of the biopsy needle 30 communicating with the cavity 44 is formed in the phantom 10.
  • the position of the cylindrical cutter 40 may be returned to the position before the cylindrical cutter 40 is lowered as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
  • the stereo image of the phantom 10 and the container 18 may be acquired by performing the fourth stereo shooting on the phantom 10 and the container 18 in which the trace 46 is formed.
  • the fourth stereo shooting may be performed before the biopsy needle 30 is extracted from the phantom 10. Regardless of which state of the stereo shooting is performed, it can be confirmed from the stereo image whether or not the second member 16 to be sampled is collected from the phantom 10.
  • the collected material 42 taken out from the biopsy needle 30 includes a collected tissue 42a that is a part of the first layer 12a, a collected tissue 42b that is a part of the second layer 12b, It is composed of a collection tissue 42c which is the second member 16 to be collected.
  • the sample 42 is collected by lowering the cylindrical cutter 40 in a state where the portion of the hollow portion 36 facing the opening 38 is filled with a part of the second member 16 and the first member 12.
  • the 1st member 12 is comprised from the gel-form gellan gum whose viscosity is higher than gelatin. Accordingly, the collected material 42 is not a tattered shape, but maintains a columnar shape (a shape at the time of collection) corresponding to the hollow portion of the cylindrical cutter 40, and the collected tissue 42a (a part of the first layer 12a).
  • the structure is such that the collected tissue 42c (second member 16) is sandwiched between the collected tissue 42b (a part of the second layer 12b).
  • the doctor can directly collect the sample 42 by directly viewing the sample 42 without performing stereo imaging (radiography) of the sample 42. It can be easily determined whether or not the collected tissue 42c exists inside the object 42. Needless to say, a stereo image (radiation image) of the sample 42 may be acquired by performing the fifth stereo shooting of the sample 42. Even in this case, it can be confirmed from the stereo image whether the second member 16 to be collected is present in the collected material 42 as the collected tissue 42c.
  • the mammography apparatus 50 that performs the above-described stereo imaging, the three-dimensional coordinate positions of the second member 16 and the biopsy needle 30 using the stereo image acquired by the stereo imaging, and the movement amount of the biopsy needle 30 are determined. The calculation will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the mammography apparatus 50 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is a radiographic apparatus for obtaining a stereo image of a mammo of the human body.
  • the phantom 10 or the collected material 42 contained in the container 18 is used.
  • the mammography apparatus 50 is used to acquire a stereo image. Therefore, in the following description, the configuration of the mammography apparatus 50 necessary for obtaining a stereo image of the phantom 10 or the sample 42 will be described.
  • the mammography apparatus 50 is housed in the container 18, a base 52 that is installed in an upright state, an arm member 56 that is fixed to a distal end portion of a pivot shaft 54 that is disposed at a substantially central portion of the base 52, and the container 18.
  • the radiation source 64 for irradiating the radiation 62 to the phantom 10 (or the sample 42) is accommodated, and the radiation source accommodation unit 66 fixed to one end of the arm member 56 and the phantom 10 (or the sample 42) are arranged.
  • An imaging table 70 that houses a solid state detector (radiation detector) 68 that detects the transmitted radiation 62 and is fixed to the other end of the arm member 56, and a compression plate that holds the phantom 10 with respect to the imaging table 70.
  • 72 and a biopsy hand portion 76 that is attached to the compression plate 72 and collects a desired second member 16 from the phantom 10.
  • the compression plate 72 holds the container 18 in cooperation with the imaging table 70 to the extent that the container 18 arranged on the imaging table 70 does not move. Further, when the sample 42 is arranged on the imaging table 70, the compression plate 72 is arranged at a predetermined height position that does not contact the sample 42. Further, in the mammography apparatus 50, a display operation unit 80 capable of setting shooting conditions of the phantom 10 or the sample 42 is disposed on the base 52.
  • the arm member 56 that couples the radiation source housing portion 66 and the imaging table 70 is configured to be adjustable about the direction with respect to the container 18 by turning about the turning shaft 54.
  • the radiation source accommodating portion 66 is connected to the arm member 56 via the hinge portion 82, and is configured to be rotatable independently of the imaging table 70 in the direction of the arrow ⁇ .
  • handle portions 84 for gripping a human body are provided on both side portions of the arm member 56 along the arrow X direction.
  • the compression plate 72 is disposed between the radiation source housing portion 66 and the imaging table 70 in a state where the compression plate 72 is coupled to a groove portion 86 formed in the arm member 56, and is configured to be displaceable in the arrow Z direction.
  • the biopsy hand portion 76 described above is attached to the vicinity of the groove portion 86 on the upper surface of the compression plate 72 (the surface located on the radiation source 64 side of the compression plate 72). Further, a rectangular opening 92 for tissue collection using the biopsy hand portion 76 is formed on the distal end side (container 18 side) of the compression plate 72.
  • the biopsy hand section 76 includes a post 94 fixed to the compression plate 72, a first arm 96 pivotally supported along the surface of the compression plate 72, one end of which is pivotally supported on the post 94, and the first arm 96. One end is pivotally supported at the end, and a second arm 98 that can pivot along the surface of the compression plate 72 is provided. A biopsy needle 30 that can move in the arrow Z direction is attached to the other end of the second arm 98.
  • the biopsy needle 30 can be moved in the XY plane along the surface of the compression plate 72 by the first arm 96 and the second arm 98 of the biopsy hand unit 76, and a doctor operates an operation unit (not shown).
  • a doctor operates an operation unit (not shown).
  • the opening 38 of the biopsy needle 30 can be disposed in the vicinity of the second member 16 described above.
  • the solid detector 68 detects the radiations 62a and 62b that have passed through the phantom 10 and the container 18 and converts them into radiation images (stereo images). To do. In this case, the number of shots and the shooting order for stereo shooting are set as appropriate. Further, the movement of the radiation source 64 between the A position and the B position is performed by rotating the radiation source housing section 66 around the hinge section 82 as described above.
  • the radiation 62a and 62b are irradiated with the radiation source 64 arranged at the A position and the B position, respectively.
  • the radiation source 64 is disposed at the C position and the A position on the vertical axis 100.
  • stereo imaging in which the radiation 62 is irradiated in the disposed state and stereo imaging in which the radiation 62 is irradiated in the state where the radiation source 64 is disposed at the C position and the B position are possible.
  • FIG. 10 as an example, stereo imaging with respect to the container 18 in which the phantom 10 is accommodated is illustrated, but the phantom 10 with the biopsy needle 30 punctured, the phantom 10 with the biopsy needle 30 removed, or collection
  • the object 42 can be similarly stereo-photographed.
  • the doctor determines a desired second member 16 in the phantom 10 as a collection target, and, for example, two stereos of the phantom 10 displayed on a display screen (not shown).
  • the console connected to the mammography apparatus 50 uses a known three-dimensional coordinate position calculation method in stereo photography. Based on this, the three-dimensional coordinate position of the second member 16 instructed to select and the three-dimensional coordinate position of the biopsy needle 30 are calculated.
  • the biopsy hand unit 76 operates the first arm 96 and the second arm 98 to move the biopsy needle 30 in the XY plane, and moves the distal end portion 34 of the biopsy needle 30 above the second member 16. It becomes possible to arrange.
  • the container 18, and the biopsy needle 30 when stereo imaging is performed with the distal end portion 34 of the biopsy needle 30 reaching the second layer 12b and a stereo image including the phantom 10, the container 18, and the biopsy needle 30 is acquired,
  • the computer calculates the three-dimensional coordinate position of the distal end portion 34 or the opening 38 of the biopsy needle 30 and the three-dimensional coordinate position of the second member 16 based on the known three-dimensional coordinate position calculation method.
  • the amount of movement of the biopsy needle 30 is calculated based on each calculated three-dimensional coordinate position, and the calculated amount of movement is displayed on the display or the display operation unit 80.
  • the doctor can operate the operation unit (not shown) to advance the opening 38 of the biopsy needle 30 to the vicinity of the second member 16 along the arrow Z direction.
  • the second member 16 simulating a calcified tissue is built in the first member 12, a small tissue such as a calcified tissue is collected. It becomes possible to perform biopsy training for. Therefore, when a doctor performs biopsy training using the phantom 10, for example, the skill level of the doctor with respect to the biopsy for collecting calcified tissue in the breast can be improved.
  • the second member 16 and a part of the first member 12 are collected as the sample 42 while sucking a part of the first member 12 near the second member 16, and then the biopsy needle 30 from the first member 12.
  • the sample 42 is taken out from the biopsy needle 30 and the shape of the sample 42 taken out can be maintained as a part of the shape of the second member 16 and the first member 12 at the time of sampling. .
  • the doctor can easily visually recognize the contents of the collected material 42 from the outside. That is, since the doctor can easily confirm the presence or absence of the second member 16 (collected tissue 42c) without disassembling the collected material 42, the analysis work of the collected material 42 can be easily performed. Can do. In this manner, since the presence or absence of the collected tissue 42c in the collected material 42 can be easily visually confirmed, the second member 16 to be collected can be obtained without performing radiography (acquisition of a radiation image) on the collected material 42. Therefore, the biopsy needle 30 can be accurately positioned, and it can be easily confirmed whether or not the sample 42 including the second member 16 (collected tissue 42c) has been sampled as intended.
  • the second member 16 is a substance having a low transmittance for radiation and light as compared to the first member 12 or a substance that is opaque to radiation and light, the doctor can remove the specimen 42. Even in the case of visual recognition or radiographic imaging of the collected material 42, the first member 12 and the second member 16 (collected tissue 42c) in the collected material 42 can be easily identified. It becomes possible.
  • the collected material 42 has a shape of a part of the second member 16 and the first member 12 at the time of collection. Can be easily maintained.
  • the biopsy needle 30 is extracted from the phantom 10 after collecting the sample 42 by using the solid metal or ceramic as the second member 16, the trace 46 of the biopsy needle 30 formed on the phantom 10 is extracted. It is possible to avoid metal or ceramics sticking to the surface.
  • the second member 16 even if lead or alumina is used as the second member 16, even if the biopsy needle 30 is extracted from the phantom 10 after the biopsy needle 30 is punctured into the phantom 10 and the sample 42 is collected, the trace 46 of the biopsy needle 30 is removed. In this case, it is possible to reliably prevent lead or alumina from sticking to the surface, and even if a doctor visually recognizes the sample 42 or performs radiography of the sample 42 to obtain a radiographic image. However, the first member 12 and the lead or alumina (second member 16) in the sample 42 can be easily identified.
  • the second member 16 is a metal (lead) or ceramic (alumina) particle having a diameter of 100 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m, which is approximately the same size as the actual calcified tissue, the doctor can Since it is possible to perform training for positioning the biopsy needle 30 with an accuracy of about ⁇ 1 mm, the skill level of biopsy can be further improved.
  • the biopsy needle 30 can be positioned accurately in the calcified tissue. Training can be performed by a doctor.
  • the first member 12 has a laminated structure of the first layer 12a and the second layer 12b, and the second member 16 is disposed at the interface 14 between the first layer 12a and the second layer 12b, as described above.
  • the second layer 12b can be laminated on the upper surface to complete the phantom 10, so that the second member 16 can be easily attached to the first member 12.
  • the phantom 10 can be easily manufactured.
  • the phantom 10 can be stored easily by accommodating the phantom 10 inside the container 18 that can transmit radiation and light and blocking the inside of the container 18 from the outside air.
  • the first member 12 is made of gellan gum
  • the gellan gum is shielded from the outside air, so that generation of mold or the like in the phantom 10 can be prevented.
  • the doctor can Even if the phantom 10 is not taken out of the phantom 10, the biopsy training can be performed while the phantom 10 is housed in the container 18, so that the phantom 10 can be easily handled.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un fantôme pour biopsie (10) comprenant un premier élément (12) qui simule le corps vivant et un second élément (16) qui simule un tissu calcifié dans le corps et est incorporé dans le premier élément (12). Le premier élément (12) comprend un polysaccharide qui est perméable au rayonnement (62, 62a, 62b) et à la lumière. Le second élément (16) est une substance ayant une perméabilité au rayonnement (62, 62a, 62b) et à la lumière inférieure à celle du premier élément (12), ou est une substance qui est imperméable au rayonnement (62, 62a, 62b) et à la lumière.
PCT/JP2011/060621 2010-09-10 2011-05-09 Fantôme pour biopsie et son procédé de fabrication Ceased WO2012032810A1 (fr)

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CN104244831A (zh) * 2012-03-29 2014-12-24 株式会社岛津制作所 医疗用x射线装置
CN107038923A (zh) * 2017-05-22 2017-08-11 太和县人民医院 一种超声引导穿刺体外模拟训练装置
JP2019101432A (ja) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-24 国立大学法人 岡山大学 穿刺練習具
EP3517035A1 (fr) * 2018-01-30 2019-07-31 Siemens Healthcare GmbH Unité de biopsie intégrable et dispositif de mammographie
US10821306B2 (en) 2015-07-28 2020-11-03 The Trustees Of Indiana University MRI-CT compatible dynamic motion phantom

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JP2020086079A (ja) * 2018-11-22 2020-06-04 テルモ株式会社 穿刺練習器具及び穿刺練習器具の使用

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CN104244831A (zh) * 2012-03-29 2014-12-24 株式会社岛津制作所 医疗用x射线装置
US10821306B2 (en) 2015-07-28 2020-11-03 The Trustees Of Indiana University MRI-CT compatible dynamic motion phantom
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US11278265B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2022-03-22 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Integratable biopsy unit and mammography device

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