WO2012029366A1 - 静電容量型レベル計 - Google Patents
静電容量型レベル計 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012029366A1 WO2012029366A1 PCT/JP2011/061862 JP2011061862W WO2012029366A1 WO 2012029366 A1 WO2012029366 A1 WO 2012029366A1 JP 2011061862 W JP2011061862 W JP 2011061862W WO 2012029366 A1 WO2012029366 A1 WO 2012029366A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- peripheral surface
- exterior
- level meter
- fuel oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/266—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors measuring circuits therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
- G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
- G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a capacitance type level meter.
- a capacitance level meter is widely used as a fuel oil meter for detecting the remaining amount of fuel in a fuel tank.
- This fuel oil meter has two cylindrical electrodes arranged so that the fuel can enter between them, and by measuring the capacitance between these electrodes, the remaining amount of fuel can be measured. It is to detect.
- this electrode has been made of metal that also serves as a structure.
- GFRP glass fiber reinforced plastic
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a capacitance type level meter that can suppress the occurrence of charging even when an insulator is used for the structure. To do.
- One embodiment of the present invention includes a columnar inner structure formed of an insulator, and a hollow cylindrical outer structure formed of an insulator that is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner structure with an interval around the entire circumference.
- a capacitance between the inner electrode and the outer electrode comprising: a structure; an inner electrode affixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner structure; and an outer electrode affixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer structure.
- a capacitance type level meter that detects the level of an object to be measured existing between the inner electrode and the outer electrode, and moves the electric charge from the outer peripheral surface to the outer electrode on the outer structure. It is a capacitance type level meter provided with a plurality of outer conductive portions that can be made.
- the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure made of an insulator is in direct contact with the object to be measured. To do. Further, since the outer electrode is present on the inner peripheral surface of the outer structure, an electric double layer is formed, and a large amount of static electricity may be charged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure. Since the outer structure is provided with a plurality of outer conductive portions that enable the movement of charges from the outer peripheral surface to the outer electrode, the charges charged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure pass through the outer conductive portion to the outer electrode. And move out of the system via the outer electrode.
- the inner structure has a hollow structure in which the object to be measured is present, and the inner structure has a plurality of inner conductive portions that allow charge to move from the inner peripheral surface to the inner electrode. May be provided.
- the columnar inner structure may be a solid structure or a hollow structure. If a hollow structure is used to reduce the weight of the inner structure, the object to be measured is present in the hollow portion of the inner structure, so that the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure is charged. However, since the amount of the object to be measured existing in the hollow portion of the inner structure is considerably smaller than that for the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure, it is conceivable that the magnitude of charging does not become a problem level. In the case where the magnitude of the charge is a problem level, the inner structure is provided with a plurality of inner conductive portions that allow the charge to move from the inner peripheral surface to the inner electrode.
- the electric charge charged on the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure moves to the inner electrode through the inner conductive portion, and moves out of the system via the inner electrode. Therefore, an insulator is used for the inner structure.
- the occurrence of charging can be suppressed. This can reduce the possibility of discharge due to static electricity on the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure, so that even if the object to be measured is flammable, it can be prevented from igniting. .
- electrical_connection part may be comprised by the outer side through-hole penetrated from the outer peripheral surface of the said outer side structure to the said outer side electrode. In this way, static electricity generated on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure is not charged on the outer peripheral surface, but moves to the outer electrode through the outer through-hole, so that charging to the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure is suppressed. Can do.
- electrical_connection part may be comprised with the outer side conductor from the outer peripheral surface of the said outer side structure to the said outer side electrode.
- the outer conductor may be formed by filling the outer through hole with a conductive material, or may be formed, for example, by sticking a rod-shaped conductor such as metal into the outer structure.
- the inner conductive portion may be configured by an inner through hole penetrating from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure to the inner electrode. In this way, the static electricity generated on the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure is not charged on the inner peripheral surface, but moves to the inner electrode through the inner through hole, so that the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure is charged. Can be suppressed.
- the inner conductive portion may be formed of an inner conductor extending from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure to the inner electrode.
- the inner conductor may be formed by filling the inner through hole with a conductive material, or may be formed, for example, by sticking a rod-shaped conductor such as metal into the inner structure.
- the outer structure is provided with a plurality of outer conductive portions that enable the movement of charges from the outer peripheral surface to the outer electrode, The charged electric charge moves to the outer electrode through the outer conductive portion, and moves out of the system through the outer electrode.
- generation of charging can be suppressed, so that the possibility of discharging due to static electricity can be reduced.
- the object to be measured has flammability, it can be prevented from igniting, and can be applied, for example, as a fuel oil meter for an aircraft fuel tank.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a partially broken main wing of an aircraft.
- the main wing 1 is provided with an upper skin 3, a lower skin 5, a front spar 7, a rear spar 9, and a plurality of ribs 11.
- the upper skin 3 and the lower skin 5 are thin plates that constitute the outer shape of the main wing 1 and also serve as an aerodynamic surface. It is responsible for part of the load.
- the front spar 7 and the rear spar 9 are structural members that extend in the blade length direction of the main wing 1 and are disposed between the upper skin 3 and the lower skin 5.
- a plurality of stringers, which are auxiliary members extending in the blade length direction of the main wing 1, are arranged on the inner surface of the upper skin 3 or the lower skin 5 between the front spar 7 and the rear spar 9.
- the rib 11 is a structural member that extends in the width direction of the main wing 1 and is disposed between the upper skin 3 and the lower skin 5 as shown in FIG.
- the rib 11 is a structural member that extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the front spar 7 and the rear spar 9, and is a plate-like member formed in the cross-sectional shape of the main wing 1.
- a portion surrounded by the front spar 7, the rear spar 9, the upper skin 3 and the lower skin 5 is used as a fuel tank 13 for storing fuel.
- the fuel tank 1 is called an integral tank because the airframe structure itself is a container.
- a fuel pipe (not shown) for receiving and supplying jet fuel, a plurality of fuel oil level meters (capacitance level meters) 15 for detecting the amount of fuel oil, and a fuel oil level meter 15 Wiring (not shown) and the like are installed.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of the fuel oil amount meter 15.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the fuel oil meter 15.
- FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing the upper part of the fuel oil amount meter 15.
- FIG. 5 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a part of the longitudinal section of the fuel oil meter 15.
- the fuel oil meter 15 includes an outer electrode structure portion 17 having a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, and an inner electrode structure having a substantially hollow cylindrical shape and disposed so as to have substantially the same axis center inside the outer electrode structure portion 17.
- a portion 19 and a connecting member 21 that connects the outer electrode structure portion 17 and the inner electrode structure portion 19 are provided.
- the outer electrode structure portion 17 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, and has an outer structure 23 that secures structural strength, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer structure body 23 over substantially the entire surface. And an attached outer electrode 25.
- the outer electrode 25 may be attached to a range necessary for measurement, and may be attached to a part of the inner peripheral surface of the outer structure 23.
- the outer structure 23 is made of GFRP (insulator) which is insulative.
- the outer structure 23 has, for example, an outer diameter of approximately 25 mm and a thickness of slightly more than 0.5 mm.
- the length of the outer structure 23 is set so as to substantially cover the height of the fuel tank 13.
- the outer electrode 25 is a metal thin film and is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer structure 23.
- the inner electrode structure portion 19 has a substantially hollow cylindrical shape, and is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner structure body 27 over substantially the entire inner structure body 27 that ensures the structural strength.
- an inner electrode 29 provided.
- the inner electrode 29 may be attached to a range necessary for measurement, and may be attached to a part of the outer peripheral surface of the inner structure 27.
- the inner structure 27 is made of insulating GFRP (insulator).
- the inner structure 27 has an outer diameter of slightly less than 20 mm and a thickness of slightly more than 0.5 mm.
- the length of the inner structure 27 is approximately the same as that of the outer structure 23.
- the inner electrode 29 is a metal thin film and is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner structure 23.
- the fiber reinforced plastic constituting the outer structure 23 or the inner structure 27 is an epoxy resin as a base material and a fiber reinforced plastic using polyester fiber, cotton fiber, or nylon fiber as reinforcing fiber. It is also possible to use polyimide resin as a base material, and fiber reinforced plastic using glass fiber, polyester fiber, cotton fiber or nylon fiber as reinforcing fiber, and is not particularly limited. .
- the connecting member 21 is formed of an insulator.
- the connecting member 21 is installed at a plurality of locations in the height direction, and a plurality of, for example, three, are installed in the circumferential direction at substantially the same height position. As shown in FIG. 3 when viewed in plan, the connecting member 21 is attached so as to maintain the distance between the inner electrode structure portion 19 and the outer electrode structure portion 17 at three positions at 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the electrode structure 19 is held by the outer electrode structure 17 so that both are centered on substantially the same axis.
- the outer electrode structure portion 17 includes a plurality of outer through holes (outer conducting portions) 31 that penetrate from the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 to the inner peripheral surface of the outer electrode 25. ing.
- the outer through hole 31 enables the charge to move from the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 to the outer electrode 25.
- the inner electrode structure portion 19 is provided with a plurality of inner through holes (inner conduction portions) 33 that penetrate from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 to the outer peripheral surface of the inner electrode 29.
- the outer through hole 31 and the inner through hole 33 have an inner diameter of about 2 mm and are drilled substantially horizontally in a substantially radial direction.
- the inner through-hole 33 allows the charge to move from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 to the inner electrode 29.
- the interval between adjacent outer through holes 31 or inner through holes 33 is about 18 mm.
- This interval is increased, charge transfer from the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 to the outer electrode 25 or from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 to the inner electrode 29 becomes insufficient.
- interval becomes small, the intensity
- the inner diameter, the number, the interval, and the like of the outer through hole 31 and the inner through hole 33 are selected in consideration of these.
- the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole 33 is processed after the outer electrode structure 17 or the inner electrode structure 19 is formed. For this reason, in order to reach the outer electrode 25 or the inner electrode 29 reliably, the outer electrode 25 or the inner electrode 29 is also penetrated.
- the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole 33 is processed into the outer structure 23 or the inner structure 27 before the outer electrode 25 or the inner electrode 29 is attached, for example, the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole is formed. As shown in FIG. 6, the hole 33 may penetrate only the outer structure 23 or the inner structure 27. In this case, since the outer electrode 25 or the inner electrode 29 is continuous and exists at the bottom of the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole 33, the charge moving through the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole 33 can be reduced. It becomes easy to move out of the system.
- an outer conductor 35 or an inner conductor 37 which is a metal rod-shaped body, is connected to the outer electrode 25 from the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 as shown in FIG.
- the outer structure 23 or the inner structure 27 may be pierced from the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 to the inner electrode 29. In this way, static electricity generated on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 or the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 moves to the outer electrode 25 or the inner electrode 29 through the outer conductor 35 or the inner conductor 37.
- the outer conductor 35 or the inner conductor 37 may be formed by filling the outer through hole 31 or the inner through hole 33 with a conductive material. Further, when the outer conductor 35 or the inner conductor 37 is formed, a continuous portion having conductivity in the thickness direction may be formed.
- the space formed between the outer electrode structure portion 17 and the inner electrode structure portion 19 in the fuel oil amount meter 15 having a donut shape is open at the upper and lower ends, and is stored in the fuel tank 13.
- the fuel enters the space from the lower end until it reaches the same level as the fuel level. Since a gas atmosphere having a dielectric constant different from that of the fuel exists above the fuel in this space, the level of the fuel can be detected by measuring the capacitance between the outer electrode 25 and the inner electrode 29. .
- the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 made of an insulator, the outer electrode 25, the inner electrode 29, and the inner structure 27 Static electricity is generated on the peripheral surface due to fluid charge. Charges due to electrostatic charging in the outer electrode 25 and the inner electrode 29 move out of the system through the outer electrode 25 and the inner electrode 29.
- the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 are charged by a flow charging phenomenon or the like. Further, since the outer electrode structure 17 and the inner electrode structure 19 form an electric double layer, a large amount of static electricity may be charged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27. .
- the electric charge charged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer structure 23 moves to the outer electrode 25 through the outer through hole 31 and moves out of the system via the outer electrode 25.
- the electric charge charged on the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 moves to the inner electrode 29 through the inner through hole 33, and moves out of the system through the inner electrode 29.
- the outer structure body 23 and the inner structure body 27 are made of an insulator, the occurrence of charging can be suppressed, so that the possibility of discharging due to static electricity can be reduced.
- the fuel can be prevented from igniting.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the test apparatus 41.
- the test apparatus 41 charges the specimen 42 simulating the fuel oil amount meter 15 held in the holding unit 43 by corona discharge, and then discharges the specimen 42 and measures the discharge charge.
- the test device 41 includes a corona charging device 45 that charges the specimen 42 by applying a charge by corona discharge, and a discharge charge measuring device 47 that discharges the charged specimen 42 and measures the discharge charge at that time. It has been.
- the corona charging device 45 charges the outer structure 23 of the fuel oil meter 15 by corona discharging the charge of the high voltage power source 49 from the needle electrode 51.
- the discharge charge measuring device 47 discharges the spherical electrode 53 close to the outer structure 23 of the fuel oil meter 15, measures the voltage difference before and after the capacitor 57 with the voltmeter 55, and records it on the recorder 59. . The discharge charge is calculated based on this voltage difference.
- FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining the discharge charge of the fuel oil amount meter 15 corresponding to the case where the power supply voltage of the corona charging device is changed.
- a graph A in FIG. 9 illustrates the discharge charge of the fuel oil meter 15 that does not include the outer through-hole 31, and a graph B illustrates the discharge charge of the fuel oil meter 15 of the present embodiment. It is.
- charging to the outer structure 23 is performed by corona discharge, and the voltage at the time of corona discharge is 5 kV to 30 kV.
- the discharge charge of about 1500 nC is obtained by corona discharge with a power supply voltage of 30 kV, and the outer surface of the outer structure 23 is charged to a large extent. It shows that it has.
- the charge by corona discharge with a power supply voltage of 30 kV is about 50 nC, which is about 1/30 of that of graph A. It is moved out of the system through the hole 31 and shows that charging is well suppressed.
- the inner structure 27 has a hollow structure, and the charge generated on the inner peripheral surface of the inner structure 27 is released to the inner electrode 29 through the inner through hole 33.
- the inner through-hole 33 is not provided in the case of a solid structure. Even if the inner structure 27 has a hollow structure, the amount of fuel present in the hollow portion of the inner structure 27 is small, and if the magnitude of charging due to flow charging does not become a problem level, the inner penetration The hole 33 may be omitted.
- the present invention is applied to the fuel oil level meter 15 for an aircraft.
- the present invention can be applied not only to an aircraft but also to a fuel oil level meter for a transportation device such as an automobile.
- the present invention can be applied not only to fuel but also to various tanks that store combustible materials inside.
- Fuel oil meter Capacitance type level meter
- outer structure 25 outer electrode 27 inner structure 29 inner electrode 31 outer through-hole (outer conducting portion) 33 Inner through hole (inner conduction part) 35 Outer conductor (outer conducting part) 37 Inner conductor (inner conductive part)
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- Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この燃料油量計は、燃料が相互間に進入自在となるように配置された2つの円筒状電極を有しており、この電極間の静電容量を測定することにより、燃料の残量を検出するものである。
従来、この電極は、たとえば、特許文献1に示されるように構造体を兼ねた金属製とされていた。
また、円筒構造体の一面には電極が存在するので、電気二重層を形成することになり、円筒構造体の電極と反対側の面に大量の静電気が帯電することとなる。
なお、円筒状構造体が導電性を有する炭素繊維強化プラスチック(以下、「CFRP」と表記する。)によって形成されるようにすると、この帯電は十分抑制することができる。
本発明の一態様は、絶縁物で形成された柱状の内側構造体と、該内側構造体の外周側に全周に亘り間隔を空けて配置され、絶縁物で形成された中空筒状の外側構造体と、前記内側構造体の外周面に貼られた内側電極と、前記外側構造体の内周面に貼られた外側電極と、を備え、前記内側電極および前記外側電極間の静電容量を測定し、前記内側電極および前記外側電極間に存在する被測定物のレベルを検出する静電容量型レベル計であって、前記外側構造体に、外周面から前記外側電極へ電荷の移動を可能とする複数の外側導通部が備えられている静電容量型レベル計である。
外側構造体に、外周面から外側電極へ電荷の移動を可能とする複数の外側導通部が備えられているので、外側構造体の外周面に帯電した電荷は、外側導通部を通って外側電極に移動し、外側電極を介して系外に移動する。
このように、外側構造体に絶縁物を用いても帯電の発生を抑制することができるので、静電気が帯電することによって放電する可能性を低くすることができる。このため、たとえ、被測定物が可燃性を有していたとしても引火することを防止できるので、静電容量型レベル計を、たとえば、航空機の燃料タンクの燃料油量計として適用することができる。
帯電の大きさが問題となるレベルの場合には、内側構造体に、内周面から内側電極へ電荷の移動を可能とする複数の内側導通部を備えるようにする。
このようにすると、内側構造体の内周面に帯電した電荷は、内側導通部を通って内側電極に移動し、内側電極を介して系外に移動するので、内側構造体に絶縁物を用いても帯電の発生を抑制することができる。これにより、内側構造体の内周面に静電気が帯電することによって放電する可能性を低くすることができるので、たとえ、被測定物が可燃性を有していたとしても引火することを防止できる。
このようにすると、外側構造体の外周面に発生した静電気は、外周面に帯電せず、外側貫通孔を通って外側電極に移動するので、外側構造体の外周面への帯電を抑制することができる。
このようにすると、外側構造体の外周面に発生した静電気は、外周面に帯電せず、外側導電体を通って外側電極に移動するので、外側構造体の外周面への帯電を抑制することができる。
外側導電体は、外側貫通孔を導電物で埋めて形成してもよいし、たとえば、金属等の棒状の導電体を外側構造体に突き刺して形成してもよい。
このようにすると、内側構造体の内周面に発生した静電気は、内周面に帯電せず、内側貫通孔を通って内側電極に移動するので、内側構造体の内周面への帯電を抑制することができる。
このようにすると、内側構造体の内周面に発生した静電気は、内周面に帯電せず、内側導電体を通って内側電極に移動するので、内側構造体の内周面への帯電を抑制することができる。
内側導電体は、内側貫通孔を導電物で埋めて形成してもよいし、たとえば、金属等の棒状の導電体を内側構造体に突き刺して形成してもよい。
このように、外側構造体に絶縁物を用いても帯電の発生を抑制することができるので、静電気が帯電することによって放電する可能性を低くすることができる。このため、たとえ、被測定物が可燃性を有していたとしても引火することを防止できるので、たとえば、航空機の燃料タンクの燃料油量計として適用することができる。
図1は、航空機の主翼を一部破断して示す斜視図である。
主翼1には、上側スキン3と、下側スキン5と、前側スパー7と、後側スパー9と、複数のリブ11と、が備えられている。
上側スキン3および下側スキン5は、主翼1の外形を構成し、空力面も兼ねる薄板であり、前側スパー7、後側スパー9およびストリンガ(図示省略)とともに主翼1に働く引っ張り荷重や、圧縮荷重の一部を受け持つものである。
前側スパー7と後側スパー9との間を、主翼1の翼長方向に延びる補助部材である複数のストリンガが上側スキン3または下側スキン5の内側面に配置されている。
燃料タンク3の内側には、ジェット燃料を受け入れ、供給する燃料配管(図示省略)、燃料油量を検出する複数の燃料油量計(静電容量型レベル計)15およびを燃料油量計15の配線(図示省略)などが設置されている。
燃料油量計15には、略中空円筒形状をした外側電極構造部17と、略中空円筒形状をし、外側電極構造部17の内部に略同一軸線中心を有するように配置された内側電極構造部19と、外側電極構造部17および内側電極構造部19を連結する連結部材21と、が備えられている。
外側構造体23は、絶縁性であるGFRP(絶縁物)で形成されている。外側構造体23は、たとえば、外径が略25mm、厚さが0.5mm強である。外側構造体23の長さは、燃料タンク13の高さを略カバーできる程度とされている。
外側電極25は、金属製の薄膜であり、外側構造体23の内周面に貼り付けられている。
内側構造体27は、絶縁性であるGFRP(絶縁物)で形成されている。内側構造体27は、たとえば、外径が20mm弱、厚さが0.5mm強である。内側構造体27の長さは、外側構造体23と同程度とされている。
内側電極29は、金属製の薄膜であり、内側構造体23の外周面に貼り付けられている。
連結部材21は、平面視すると図3に示されるように、周方向で120°間隔で3箇所において、内側電極構造部19と外側電極構造部17との間隔を保持するように取り付けられ、内側電極構造部19を外側電極構造部17に両者が略同一軸線中心となるように保持している。
外側貫通孔31および内側貫通孔33は、内径が略2mmで、略半径方向に略水平に削孔されている。内側貫通孔33は、内側構造体27の内周面から内側電極29へ電荷の移動を可能とするものである。
外側貫通孔31および内側貫通孔33の内径、個数、間隔等はこれらを考慮して選定されることになる。
このようにすると、外側電極25あるいは内側電極29は連続し、かつ、外側貫通孔31あるいは内側貫通孔33の底部に存在するので、外側貫通孔31あるいは内側貫通孔33を通って移動する電荷を系外に移動させやすくなる。
このようにすると、外側構造体23の外周面あるいは内側構造体27の内周面に発生した静電気は、外側導電体35あるいは内側導電体37を通って外側電極25あるいは内側電極29に移動する。
また、外側導電体35あるいは内側導電体37を形成する際に、厚さ方向に連続した導電性を有する部分を形成するようにしてもよい。
燃料油量計15における外側電極構造部17および内側電極構造部19の間に形成される断面がドーナツ形状をした空間は、上下端で開放されているので、燃料タンク13の内部に蓄えられている燃料が下端部から燃料のレベルと同じレベルになるまでこの空間に進入する。この空間の燃料よりも上部には燃料と誘電率の異なる気体雰囲気が存在するので、外側電極25と内側電極29との間の静電容量を測定することによって燃料のレベルを検出することができる。
外側電極25および内側電極29における静電気帯電による電荷は、外側電極25および内側電極29を通って系外に移動する。
外側構造体23の外周面に帯電した電荷は、外側貫通孔31を通って外側電極25に移動し、外側電極25を介して系外に移動する。一方、内側構造体27の内周面に帯電した電荷は内側貫通孔33を通って内側電極29に移動し、内側電極29を介して系外に移動する。
このように、外側構造体23および内側構造体27を絶縁物で構成したとしても、帯電の発生を抑制することができるので、静電気が帯電することによって放電する可能性を低くすることができ、燃料に引火することを防止できる。
図8は、試験装置41の概略構成を示す模式図である。試験装置41は、保持部43に保持された燃料油量計15を模擬した供試体42をコロナ放電によって帯電させた後、供試体42を放電させ、放電電荷を測定する。
試験装置41には、供試体42にコロナ放電による電荷を付与して帯電させるコロナ帯電装置45と、帯電した供試体42を放電させ、その時の放電電荷を測定する放電電荷測定装置47とが備えられている。
放電電荷測定装置47は、球電極53を燃料油量計15の外側構造体23に近づけて放電させ、電圧計55によってコンデンサ57の前後の電圧差を測定し、レコーダ59に記録するものである。この電圧差に基づいて放電電荷が算出される。
図9におけるグラフAは、外側貫通孔31を備えていない燃料油量計15の放電電荷を説明するものであり、グラフBは、本実施形態の燃料油量計15の放電電荷を説明するものである。
ここで、外側構造体23への帯電はコロナ放電により行われ、コロナ放電時の電圧は5kVから30kVである。
これに対し、グラフBに示されるように、電源電圧30kVのコロナ放電による帯電により約50nCの放電電荷、グラフAに比べて1/30程度となり、外側構造体23の外表面の帯電が外側貫通孔31を通って系外へ移動され、帯電がよく抑制されていることを示している。
また、内側構造体27が中空構造であっても、内側構造体27の中空部に存在する燃料の量が少なく、流動帯電による帯電の大きさが問題となるレベルにならない場合には、内側貫通孔33を省略してもよい。
たとえば、上記実施形態においては、本発明を航空機の燃料油量計15に適用しているが、航空機に限らず自動車等の輸送機器の燃料油量計に適用することができる。
また、燃料に限らず、その他、可燃物を内部に蓄える各種のタンクに適用することができるものである。
23 外側構造体
25 外側電極
27 内側構造体
29 内側電極
31 外側貫通孔(外側導通部)
33 内側貫通孔(内側導通部)
35 外側導電体(外側導通部)
37 内側導電体(内側導通部)
Claims (6)
- 絶縁物で形成された柱状の内側構造体と、該内側構造体の外周側に全周に亘り間隔を空けて配置され、絶縁物で形成された中空筒状の外側構造体と、前記内側構造体の外周面に貼られた内側電極と、前記外側構造体の内周面に貼られた外側電極と、を備え、前記内側電極および前記外側電極間の静電容量を測定し、前記内側電極および前記外側電極間に存在する被測定物のレベルを検出する静電容量型レベル計であって、
前記外側構造体に、外周面から前記外側電極へ電荷の移動を可能とする複数の外側導通部が備えられている静電容量型レベル計。 - 前記内側構造体は内部に前記被測定物が存在する中空構造とされ、
前記内側構造体に、内周面から前記内側電極へ電荷の移動を可能とする複数の内側導通部が備えられている請求項1に記載の静電容量型レベル計。 - 前記外側導通部は、前記外側構造体の外周面から前記外側電極まで貫通する外側貫通孔で構成されている請求項1または2に記載の静電容量型レベル計。
- 前記外側導通部は、前記外側構造体の外周面から前記外側電極までに至る外側導電体で構成されている請求項1または2に記載の静電容量型レベル計。
- 前記内側導通部は、前記内側構造体の内周面から前記内側電極まで貫通する内側貫通孔で構成されている請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載の静電容量型レベル計。
- 前記内側導通部は、前記内側構造体の内周面から前記内側電極までに至る内側導電体で構成されている請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載の静電容量型レベル計。
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| RU2013107956/28A RU2539739C2 (ru) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | Емкостный датчик уровня |
| CN201180041577.1A CN103080704B (zh) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | 静电电容型液面计 |
| CA2809104A CA2809104C (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | Capacitive level gauge |
| BR112013004701-1A BR112013004701B1 (pt) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | medidor de nível capacitivo |
| EP11821384.2A EP2613130B1 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | Capacitance meter |
| US13/818,829 US9182267B2 (en) | 2010-09-03 | 2011-05-24 | Capacitive level gauge |
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| JP2010197819A JP5529684B2 (ja) | 2010-09-03 | 2010-09-03 | 静電容量型レベル計 |
| JP2010-197819 | 2010-09-03 |
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| US (1) | US9182267B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2613130B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5529684B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN103080704B (ja) |
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| CN109238401A (zh) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州热博科技有限公司 | 液位检测装置及方法 |
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| CN104880235B (zh) * | 2015-06-24 | 2018-06-01 | 西安华舜测量设备有限责任公司 | 一种电场测量变压器套管内油位的指示器及其测量方法 |
| DE102016205811A1 (de) * | 2015-08-21 | 2017-02-23 | Mahle International Gmbh | Wasserstandsensoreinrichtung eines Kraftstofffilters |
| US10591343B2 (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2020-03-17 | Zodiac Aerotechnics | Fluid gauging system and fuel tank equipment |
| DE102018203633A1 (de) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg | Betriebsflüssigkeitsbehälter mit kapazitiver Erfassung von Füllständen |
| JP2021056079A (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 物理量検出装置および印刷装置 |
| CN113324623B (zh) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-03-24 | 北京锐达仪表有限公司 | 电容导波磁致复合液位计及测量装置 |
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| CA2809104A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| CN103080704B (zh) | 2016-04-13 |
| EP2613130B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
| CA2809104C (en) | 2016-06-21 |
| RU2013107956A (ru) | 2014-10-10 |
| BR112013004701A2 (pt) | 2016-11-29 |
| BR112013004701B1 (pt) | 2020-04-07 |
| JP5529684B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
| EP2613130A1 (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| US20130152676A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| EP2613130A4 (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| JP2012053008A (ja) | 2012-03-15 |
| US9182267B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
| CN103080704A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
| RU2539739C2 (ru) | 2015-01-27 |
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