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WO2012023841A1 - Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement - Google Patents

Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012023841A1
WO2012023841A1 PCT/MY2010/000153 MY2010000153W WO2012023841A1 WO 2012023841 A1 WO2012023841 A1 WO 2012023841A1 MY 2010000153 W MY2010000153 W MY 2010000153W WO 2012023841 A1 WO2012023841 A1 WO 2012023841A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
pipeline
cover sheet
joint
fill material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/MY2010/000153
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Teik Cheh Jonathan Chong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OAG ENGINEERING Sdn Bhd
Original Assignee
OAG ENGINEERING Sdn Bhd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OAG ENGINEERING Sdn Bhd filed Critical OAG ENGINEERING Sdn Bhd
Priority to PCT/MY2010/000153 priority Critical patent/WO2012023841A1/fr
Publication of WO2012023841A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012023841A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00—Non-disconnectable pipe joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive, or caulked joints
    • F16L13/02—Welded joints
    • F16L13/0254—Welded joints the pipes having an internal or external coating
    • F16L13/0272—Welded joints the pipes having an internal or external coating having an external coating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/18—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings
    • F16L58/181—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation specially adapted for pipe fittings for non-disconnectable pipe joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/16—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like
    • F16L59/18—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints
    • F16L59/20—Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves or the like adapted for joints for non-disconnectable joints

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of protecting field joints of an offshore weight-coated pipeline during laying the pipeline.
  • weight-coated pipelines where the build-up of the outer diameter of the pipeline is significantly larger than the original outer diameter of the pipeline are commonly used and laid over a large range of water depths.
  • the pipelines are coated with weight coating where the coating provides stability for pipelines in subsea and wet environments.
  • the coating is applied on the surface of the pipeline that is already coated with anti-corrosion coating. Underneath the weight coating, if necessary an insulation coating is applied on the surface of the pipeline to provide heat insulation.
  • the pipeline is assembled in horizontal working surface on a ship by welding together the end portions of the steel pipes to form field joints. The end portions of the steel pipes are not coated with weight coating. As welding progresses, the pipeline is slowly lowered to the seabed.
  • a steel structure commonly named as stinger is used to support the pipeline when the pipeline is slowly lowered down through a set of rollers, to avoid the pipeline from buckling due to the excessive pressure and weight of the steel pipeline.
  • the pipeline is assembled by joining the end portions of the pipe sections by welding to form field joints. After welding together the sections, the conventional method of filling the void in the weight coating to achieve a constant outer diameter, was by pouring hot marine mastic into a mould around the joint. Since the mastic is hot and hazardous to handle, it has been commonly replaced in recent years by methods using polyurethane foam in-fill. In one such method, a removable mould is used to strengthen a cardboard paper cover sheet wrapped around the joint.
  • the cover sheet When polyurethane foam is being formed inside the cover sheet, around the joint, the cover sheet by itself will not have sufficient strength to withstand the pressures from the formation of the protective foam.
  • the removable mould is thus required to provide strength to the cardboard paper and prevent it from excessive deformation and often tearing/destruction.
  • the sheet in this case acts as a liner rather than a mould. This method is time-consuming due to the extra time required to attach and remove the mould from each field joint being processed.
  • the purpose of the in— fill is to build up the outer diameter of the pipeline at the field joint locations so that they are homogeneous and uniform with the outer diameter of the other portions of the pipeline. This allows the pipeline to smoothly traverse the roller support during pipe laying as well as protect the pipeline by absorbing the high reaction forces exerted on the pipeline at the roller locations during the pipe laying process.
  • U.S patent no. 5,900,195 discloses a method and apparatus for protecting exposed pipeline joints on weight-coated pipelines used in offshore applications.
  • a pliable sheet of cover material is first rolled around the pipeline and formed into a cylinder which is fitted over the exposed portions of the joint connection.
  • the longitudinal end portions of the pliable sheet of cover material overlap the adjacent edges of the weight coating.
  • the side edge portions of the sheet of cover material forming the cylinder are then overlapped tightly such that an annular pocket is formed about the exposed joint section.
  • the outside side edge is then sealed to the surface of the sheet of cover material, completely encasing the exposed pipe and the annular pocket.
  • the overlapping sides of the pliable sheet are then welded together.
  • Polyurethane chemicals are then injected into the empty annular space where they react to form a high density foam which fills the annular space.
  • This method uses a pliable sheet of polyethylene formed into a cylindrical sleeve over the exposed pipeline joint connection. Polyurethane chemicals are reacted to form a high density foam which fills an annular space between the pipe and the sleeve. The method does not require a removable mould.
  • the cover sheet used in this method is preferably formed from high density polyethylene but other thermoplastic materials may be used as well. As an alternative to the above thermoplastic cover sheet, the use of sheet metal has also been adopted. This again avoids the need to apply a removable mould during joint formation.
  • the cover sheet is essentially sacrificial.
  • the sheet is left in place and over time contributes to a problem of underwater pollution due to the fact that the material of the cover sheet is non-environmental friendly.
  • the materials of the cover sheets used in these methods may contribute significant cost as well.
  • Plastic being a non-biodegradable material has many environmental downsides, beginning with the production of plastics and extending to its disposal. a. Production problems
  • Plastic is actually a derivative of petroleum, natural gas or similar substances. They are transformed into a substance known as polymer resin, which is then shaped and formed into whatever object is desired. However, as a petroleum by-product, plastic contributes to oil dependency at a time when it is generally recognized that oil will not be available indefinitely. Also, the production method of plastic represents a major source of air and water pollution. b. Marine pollution
  • Plastic particles sometimes are so numerous that they appear to be ocean foam if viewed from a distance.
  • metals have the following disadvantages:
  • the invention provides a method of protecting field joints of an offshore weight-coated pipeline during laying of the pipeline, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the cover sheet is made of biodegradable material of sufficient strength that it is not excessively deformed by the in-fill material during the injection step;
  • biodegradable material as the cover sheet is that it is environmentally friendly in view that the sheet will be disposed to the ocean within a period of time.
  • the significantly lower cost of the biodegradable material as compared to metal or plastic materials will be an advantage in potentially lowering the cost of the whole installation process.
  • the cover sheet made of biodegradable material has sufficient strength to withstand the pressure amounting from the formation of the high density foam in the cavity. Therefore, an additional removable mould is not required.
  • This method without the usage of a removable mould, allows for a quicker process in installation and laying the pipeline where no additional time is required to apply and remove an external mould around the surface of the cover sheet during the injection step.
  • the mould which is used in conventional method consumes a long period of time of handling as well as contributes to added cost of materials.
  • the usage of the biodegradable material as the cover sheets have the advantage of not using the mould which contributes to a more time and cost-effective process.
  • the cover sheet is suitably made of agricultural waste by-products such as palm pulp based-material, sugar cane by-products and others, which are biodegradable materials.
  • the cover sheet is made of palm pulp-based material, which is a type of biodegradable material obtainable as a waste by-product in the palm oil extraction process.
  • the cover sheet can be made of other equivalent types of biodegradable materials as well, which have sufficient strength such that it is not excessively deformed by the in-fill material during the injection step.
  • weight coating shall extend to the inclusion of an underlying insulation coating, or even an insulation coating by itself.
  • a cover sheet which is typically produced in a roll form is cut into specific dimension requirements.
  • the dimension requirements of the cover sheet which is the length and width is dependent on the size of the diameters of the pipeline.
  • An opening is formed on the surface of the cover sheet for the injection of in-fill material into the cavity. The opening is suitably pre-formed in the sheet before the sheet is wrapped around the joint, but this is not essential.
  • the cover sheet is wrapped around the pipeline field joint such that a cavity between the sheet and the pipe is formed.
  • the opening on the surface of the cover sheet must face at the top of the pipeline but slightly tilted towards the side where the equipment to inject the in-fill material is located to ease the injection of the in-fill material.
  • the cover sheet may be strapped to the surface of the weight-coated pipeline with one or more banding straps.
  • the straps suitably made of steel, nylon or any equivalent materials, are tensioned and sealed around the cover sheet in order to provide a good seal at all edges of the cover sheet and prevent the in-fill material from leaking out. After the in-fill material is injected into the cavity, the in-fill material is allowed to settle and solidify to form the required high density polyurethane foam.
  • Polyurethane chemicals are used as the in-fill material.
  • the injection step will be done with an injection equipment which comprises a proportional machine and a mixing head.
  • the polyurethane chemicals are mixed and measured in the proportional machine.
  • the quantity of the polyurethane chemicals is calculated based on the parameters, size of the cavity and density of the required foam.
  • the density of the foam is determined by the required specifications. After the calculated quantity has been determined, the required amount of chemicals will be dispensed into the cavity through the mixing head of the injection equipment.
  • the optimum properties of the biodegradable cover sheet will depend on the particular application, and may be determined empirically. However, a minimum tensile strength of about 20Nm 2 /g is preferred. The maximum tensile strength that is expected to be needed in practice is about 80Nm 2 /g.
  • the thickness of the sheet will again depend on the application and type of biodegradable materials used. However, it may be in the range of 0.5 to 1.5mm. If required, two or more layers of the sheets may be utilized for each field joint.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a field joint of a weight-coated pipeline formed by welding
  • Fig. 2a is a plan view of a biodegradable cover sheet with an opening, before it is rolled to overlap the field joint of a pipeline
  • Fig. 2b is a perspective view of the biodegradable cover sheet after it is rolled to the shape of a cylinder to overlap the field joint of a pipeline to form a biodegradable cover sleeve;
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the cover sheet overlapping the field joint to form a sleeve
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the cover sheet overlapping the field joint to form a sleeve.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates, in a sectional view, a field joint 19 of a weight-coated pipeline 10 formed by welding the exposed end portions 17, 18 of two pipe sections 11 , 12.
  • the outer surface and perimeter of the pipe sections 15, 16 are completely covered by weight coating 13, 14, except the exposed end portions 17, 18 of the pipe sections 15, 16.
  • the weight coating 13, 14 is preferably concrete or other equivalent materials.
  • the thickness of the weight coating 13, 14 which completely covers the surface of the pipe sections 15, 16 is typically 40mm, dependent on the size of the pipe sections 15, 16.
  • the exposed end portions 17, 18 of the pipe sections 11 , 12 are joined by welding, forming a field joint 19 of a pipeline 10.
  • the exposed end portions 17, 18 of the pipe sections 11 , 12 are not coated with weight coating, but only by a corrosion coating 26.
  • the thickness of the anti-corrosion coating 26 is typically 3.6mm, depending on the size of the pipe sections.
  • the method begins with the installation of the cover sheet 20 which is used to form a cover sleeve 30 all around the exposed end portions 17, 18 of the pipeline 10 to protect the field joint 19.
  • Fig. 2a illustrates in a plan view, a flat cover sheet 20 which will be formed into a cylindrical shape.
  • the cover sheet 20 is a biodegradable palm pulp sheet which is a light material made up of 100% of cellulose.
  • the palm pulp sheet has a minimum tensile strength of 20Nm 2 /g.
  • the range of the width of the sheet is 914mm to 1219mm.
  • the range of thickness of the sheet is 0.5 to 1.5mm.
  • the length and width of the cover sheet 20 is dependent on the size of the diameters of the pipe sections 11 , 12.
  • the range of the outer diameter for the pipe sections 11 , 12 commonly used is 102mm to 1016 mm.
  • a sheet 20 of 0.5mm thickness x 914mm width x 1561 mm long is used.
  • An opening 21 is formed on the surface of the palm pulp sheet 20 for the purpose of providing an inlet to inject the in-fill material.
  • the opening 21 is formed by cutting or drilling on the surface of the cover sheet 20 before the sheet 20 is installed to overlap the field joint 19.
  • the size of the opening 20 is dependent on the type of injection equipment used to inject the in-fill material.
  • the location of the opening 21 on the surface of the sheet 20 is determined based on two parameters i.e.
  • Fig. 2b illustrates in a perspective view how the flat palm pulp cover sheet 20 is rolled to the shape of a cylinder to form a palm pulp cover sleeve 30.
  • This cover sleeve 30 overlaps the end portions 17, 18 of the pipeline 10 which constitute the field joint 19.
  • the cover sleeve 30 wrapped around the field joint 19 bridges the end portions 17, 18 of the weight-coated pipeline 10 to either side of the joint 19 to form a cavity 25 between the sleeve 30 and the joint 19.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder of the cover sleeve 30 is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the weight-coated pipe 10.
  • the cover sleeve 20 has sufficient length in such a way that when the sheet 20 is wrapped around the field joint 19 to form the sleeve 20, the side edges 22, 23 of the sheet 20 overlaps.
  • the range of the circumferential length over which the end portions of the cover sheet overlap is typically 76.2mm to 304.8mm (3 to 12 inch).
  • Fig. 3 illustrates in a sectional view how the palm pulp cover sleeve 30 is secured to the pipeline 10 by one or more nylon banding strap 24 on the surface of the weight-coated pipeline 10.
  • the cavity 25 between the sleeve 30 and the joint 19 is filled with in-fill material through an opening 21 on the surface of the cover sleeve 30.
  • the opening 21 is at the top of the field joint 19 of the pipeline 10 but slightly titled towards the side where the equipment to inject the in-fill material is located to ease the injection of the in-fill material.
  • the straps 24 are tensioned and sealed around the surface of the cover sleeve 30 in order to provide a good seal at all edges of the sleeve 30 and prevent the in-fill material from leaking out.
  • the in-fill material which is used to form the High Density Polyurethane Foam (HDPUF) to fill the cavity 25 is made from the combination of polyol blend and isocyanate chemicals.
  • the in-fill material is injected into the cavity 25 through the opening 21, till the cavity 25 is completely filled leaving no void areas.
  • the in-fill material is allowed to cream, rise, settle and solidify to form a foam 27 with a required density depending on the size of the weight-coated pipeline.
  • Fig. 4 is another, sectional view to show how the palm pulp sleeve 30 is formed by the wrapping of the palm pulp cover sheet 20 over the exposed portions 17, 18 of the pipeline 10 to protect the field joint 19 of the pipeline 10.
  • the palm pulp cover sheet 20 together with the high density foam 27 forms a rigid cover sleeve 30 to protect the field joint 19 during the laying and handling of the pipeline 10, as well as protection from the underwater pressures and corrosion.
  • the uniform outer diameter of the coated pipeline assists in its smooth travel over the rollers in the course of laying the pipeline from the support barge.
  • the palm pulp Despite the biodegradable palm pulp sheet being a lighter material, the palm pulp has sufficient strength to withhold the pressures from the formation of the High Density Polyurethane Foam (HDPUF) without yielding excessive deformation, preventing the need for a removable mould.
  • the minimum tensile strength of the palm pulp sheet is 20 Nm 2 /g.
  • palm pulp is a biodegradable material which generally costs less, being an agricultural by-product, notwithstanding that it is environmentally friendly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé pour protéger les raccords (19) d'une canalisation sous-marine revêtue (10) pendant la pose de la canalisation, le procédé comprenant les étapes d'installation d'une feuille de recouvrement (20) autour du raccord de canalisation (19) de manière à couvrir les parties de revêtement de lestage sur chaque côté du raccord, en formant ainsi une cavité (25) entre la feuille et le raccord. Une matière de charge est injectée dans la cavité à travers une ouverture (21) de la feuille jusqu'à ce que la cavité soit remplie, ce qui permet à la matière de charge de se tasser et de se solidifier. La feuille de recouvrement est faite d'une matière biodégradable ayant une résistance mécanique suffisante, qui n'est pas excessivement déformée par la matière de remplissage pendant l'étape d'injection. De cette façon, il n'est pas nécessaire d'utiliser un moule extérieur pour entourer la feuille de recouvrement pendant l'étape d'injection.
PCT/MY2010/000153 2010-08-20 2010-08-20 Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement Ceased WO2012023841A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MY2010/000153 WO2012023841A1 (fr) 2010-08-20 2010-08-20 Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MY2010/000153 WO2012023841A1 (fr) 2010-08-20 2010-08-20 Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012023841A1 true WO2012023841A1 (fr) 2012-02-23

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PCT/MY2010/000153 Ceased WO2012023841A1 (fr) 2010-08-20 2010-08-20 Procédé pour protéger des raccords d'une canalisation sous-marine lestée par revêtement

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WO (1) WO2012023841A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2520717A (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-03 Subsea 7 Ltd Techniques for coating pipeline field joints
WO2018167736A3 (fr) * 2017-03-17 2018-11-29 BRIE, Sebastián José Procédé de revêtement de joints par électrofusion dans des conduites à terre utilisées pour le transport de fluides, construites avec des tubes revêtus de manière externe par de la mousse de polyuréthane, revêtus ou chemisés par du polyéthylène et liaison obtenue par ledit procédé
US10711090B2 (en) 2013-06-24 2020-07-14 Materia, Inc. Thermal insulation
US11525539B2 (en) * 2016-12-13 2022-12-13 Jan-Allan Kristiansen Device for retention of inserts on pipes

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4728550A (en) * 1985-03-21 1988-03-01 Nv Raychem Sa Coated recoverable articles
US4909669A (en) * 1986-07-28 1990-03-20 Ralph Baker Pipeline joint protector
EP0545696A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 BPB INDUSTRIES public limited company Gainage de raccords de tuyaux
US5804093A (en) * 1995-11-02 1998-09-08 Foam Enterprises, Inc. Joint infill mold
US5900195A (en) * 1996-08-12 1999-05-04 Urethane Products International Protection of pipeline joint connections
WO2007121216A2 (fr) * 2006-04-17 2007-10-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Système de revêtement de protection et procédé convenant à des joints tubulaires

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4728550A (en) * 1985-03-21 1988-03-01 Nv Raychem Sa Coated recoverable articles
US4909669A (en) * 1986-07-28 1990-03-20 Ralph Baker Pipeline joint protector
EP0545696A1 (fr) * 1991-12-04 1993-06-09 BPB INDUSTRIES public limited company Gainage de raccords de tuyaux
US5804093A (en) * 1995-11-02 1998-09-08 Foam Enterprises, Inc. Joint infill mold
US5900195A (en) * 1996-08-12 1999-05-04 Urethane Products International Protection of pipeline joint connections
WO2007121216A2 (fr) * 2006-04-17 2007-10-25 3M Innovative Properties Company Système de revêtement de protection et procédé convenant à des joints tubulaires

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10711090B2 (en) 2013-06-24 2020-07-14 Materia, Inc. Thermal insulation
GB2520717A (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-03 Subsea 7 Ltd Techniques for coating pipeline field joints
GB2520717B (en) * 2013-11-28 2016-04-06 Subsea 7 Ltd Techniques for coating pipeline field joints
US10215324B2 (en) 2013-11-28 2019-02-26 Subsea 7 Limited Method of and system for coating a field joint of a pipe
US11168827B2 (en) 2013-11-28 2021-11-09 Subsea 7 Limited Method of and system for coating a field joint of a pipe
US11525539B2 (en) * 2016-12-13 2022-12-13 Jan-Allan Kristiansen Device for retention of inserts on pipes
WO2018167736A3 (fr) * 2017-03-17 2018-11-29 BRIE, Sebastián José Procédé de revêtement de joints par électrofusion dans des conduites à terre utilisées pour le transport de fluides, construites avec des tubes revêtus de manière externe par de la mousse de polyuréthane, revêtus ou chemisés par du polyéthylène et liaison obtenue par ledit procédé

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