WO2012014605A1 - Fiber substrate and fiber-reinforced composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosed fiber substrate (10) is formed by flattening a tubular braid having a braid structure. The tubular braid is constituted from multiple first fiber bundles (11) arranged so as to intersect the axis direction of said tubular braid at angle θ, and multiple second fiber bundles (12) arranged so as to intersect at angle -θ. The first fiber bundles (11) are constituted from reinforcement fiber bundles (14). The second fiber bundles (12) are constituted from auxiliary threads (15). The basis weight of the auxiliary threads (15) is 20% or less than the basis weight of the reinforcement fiber bundles (14). In the fiber substrate (10), there are no intersections where reinforcement fiber bundles (14) cross one another.

Description

Fiber base and fiber reinforced composite material

The present invention relates to a fiber substrate and a fiber reinforced composite material, and more particularly to a fiber substrate suitable as a reinforcing material for a composite material, and a fiber reinforced composite material including the fiber substrate as a reinforcing material.

A fiber reinforced composite material (hereinafter simply referred to as a composite material) is used as a lightweight and high strength material. In a composite material, mechanical properties (mechanical properties) are enhanced as compared to the matrix itself by mixing reinforcing fibers in a matrix of resin, metal or the like. For this reason, composite materials are preferred as structural components.

The following are known as methods for producing composite materials. First, a sheet composed of a woven fabric (for example, plain woven fabric) composed of warps and wefts or a fiber bundle arranged in one direction is prepared. Next, the sheet is impregnated with a resin to form a prepreg. Subsequently, a plurality of prepregs are formed, and these are laminated to form a laminate. And a composite material is formed by heating and pressurizing a layered product using a forming die. Apart from this, a method of laminating a plurality of plain woven fabrics or the above-mentioned sheets in a molding die, injecting a resin into the laminate in the molding die, impregnating it, and curing it may also be mentioned.

In order to make the composite material have pseudo-isotropy, it is preferable to set the arrangement direction of the fiber bundles constituting the laminate to 0 °, 90 °, + 45 °, and -45 °. As a method of obtaining such a laminate, a plurality of sheets of fiber bundles arranged in one direction are prepared, and the arrangement direction of the fiber bundles is 0 °, 90 °, + 45 °, -45 °. There is a method of laminating each sheet. Apart from this, there is a method of cutting the woven fabric from the plain weave in the direction of 45 ° to the warp and weft and laminating the cut-out woven fabric on the plain woven. However, in the former case, it takes time to form a prepreg in which fiber bundles are arranged in one direction (for example, 45 ° direction). Further, in the latter case, in the method of cutting the woven fabric in the direction of ± 45 ° diagonally from the plain woven fabric, many unusable portions occur. For this reason, the yield is poor, and the productivity is significantly deteriorated particularly in the formation of a long product. In addition, it is difficult to maintain the accuracy in joining together the cut-out fabrics, and the strength of the joint portion is also likely to be reduced.

In order to solve these problems, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a long diagonal fiber fabric used for a very large FRP product (for example, 6 m in length). In the production method disclosed in this document, a braider (braiding machine) is used which has a diagonal direction yarn feed and an axial yarn feed. The oblique direction yarn supply unit supplies oblique direction yarns (filament yarns) on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel at a predetermined angle ± θ with respect to the axial center of the mandrel. The axial yarn supply unit supplies axial yarns arranged in the axial direction of the mandrel. The mandrel is movably inserted in the axial direction with respect to the bladder. In this state, a plurality of diagonal direction yarns are respectively supplied from the diagonal direction yarn supply portion on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel. Thus, a tubular woven fabric is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel. Subsequently, the tubular woven fabric is cut open along the axial direction of the mandrel. As a result, a long axial direction yarn attached diagonal yarn fiber fabric in which a plurality of diagonal direction yarns are obliquely arranged is manufactured. A well-known round hammer is used as the bladder.

Patent Document 2 discloses a unidirectional reinforcing fabric exhibiting excellent properties for composite materials. The unidirectional reinforcing fabric comprises a sheet comprising a group of flat reinforcing fiber multifilament yarns, a weave direction auxiliary yarn group provided on both upper and lower sides of the sheet and intersecting the reinforcing fiber multifilament yarns, and a weave structure with a weft direction auxiliary yarn group And a plurality of reinforcing fiber multifilament yarns and parallel direction auxiliary yarns. The reinforcing fiber multifilament yarns are aligned in one direction and parallel to one another so as not to bend the sheet.

However, Patent Document 1 does not take into consideration the crimp that occurs at the intersection of the oblique direction yarns or at the intersection of the oblique direction yarn and the axial direction yarn in relation to the oblique direction yarn fiber fabric. Therefore, when producing a composite material containing a diagonal direction fiber fabric as a reinforcing material, one reinforcing fiber is arranged in the matrix with crimps present at each intersection with other reinforcing fibers. For this reason, the originally intended properties of the reinforcing fiber are not fully utilized. Moreover, in patent document 1, there exist problems, such as the deterioration of the yield at the time of cutting out the long textiles whose alignment direction of a thread | yarn is +/- 45 degrees, from a plain weave, and the remarkable deterioration of productivity. However, Patent Document 2 does not mention at all the problems of Patent Document 1 described above.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-310393 Patent No. 3279049

An object of the present invention is a fiber substrate having at least reinforcing fibers arranged to intersect with the longitudinal direction of the fiber substrate, and suppressing crimp of the reinforcing fibers and having high productivity, and a fiber It is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber reinforced composite material including a substrate as a reinforcing material.

In order to solve the above-mentioned subject, according to the 1st mode of the present invention, a textiles substrate which consists of a cylindrical textiles structure which has braid tissue is provided. The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles intersecting with the first fiber bundle. The fiber base material is a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers constituting at least a part of the first fiber bundle or the second fiber bundle, and an auxiliary yarn in which the basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is at most 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle. And. According to the present invention, there are reinforcing fiber bundles that intersect with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and there are no intersections where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, or intersections where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect. In this case, any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers.

Here, the "braid tissue" means a plurality of yarns (yarns or fiber bundles) arranged in at least two directions crossing each other and integrated. "Reinforcing fiber" means a fiber bundle that reinforces the matrix of the composite material when the fiber substrate is used as a reinforcement of the composite material. The “auxiliary yarn” is a yarn for preventing the arrangement of reinforcing fibers from being disturbed when handling the fiber substrate in the manufacturing process of the composite material, and the deformation of the fiber substrate during transfer of the fiber substrate. means. The auxiliary yarn itself does not have to contribute to the mechanical strength of the composite material. The auxiliary yarn may be a single filament or a bundle of fibers. The "weight" means the weight of a yarn of a predetermined length, which is reflected in the thickness of the yarn. Hereinafter, the same meaning is used in this specification.

According to this invention, the fiber base material is formed of a cylindrical body having a braided structure in which fiber bundles are arranged in two axial directions. In the fiber substrate, there are reinforcing fiber bundles that intersect the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. In addition, when there is no intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, or when there is an intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, any reinforcing fiber bundle that constitutes the first fiber bundle consists of reinforcing fibers. It is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle. Therefore, the crimp is suppressed in the reinforcing fiber bundles arranged parallel to the axial direction of the tubular braid or the reinforcing fiber bundles arranged to intersect the axial direction. For example, the productivity of the tubular braid is higher than in the case of forming a fiber base (textile base) in which fiber bundles are arranged in one direction (for example, the angle θ direction) in a plain weave. Therefore, when manufacturing a composite material, it comprises a fiber base material which has at least a reinforcing fiber which is arranged to intersect with the longitudinal direction (0 ° direction), and a crimp of the reinforcing fiber is suppressed. Can. Moreover, productivity of a fiber base material can also be improved.

In the above-mentioned fiber base material, it is preferable that the fiber base material is formed by flattening a tubular fiber structure.

According to the present invention, the fiber base is obtained by flattening the tubular braid. For this reason, when a plurality of reinforcing fiber layers are required as a reinforcing material of the composite material, the time and effort for laminating the fiber base material is reduced.

In order to solve the above problems, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fibrous base material formed by cutting a tubular fibrous structure having a braided structure along its axial direction to form a sheet. The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles intersecting with the first fiber bundle. The fiber base material is a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers constituting at least a part of the first fiber bundle or the second fiber bundle, and an auxiliary yarn in which the basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is at most 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle. And. According to the present invention, there are reinforcing fiber bundles that intersect with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and there are no intersections where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, or intersections where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect. In this case, any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers.

According to this invention, basically, the same function and effect as the invention described in claim 1 are exerted. However, the reinforcing fiber layer constituting the fiber base is one layer. For this reason, when used as a reinforcing material of a composite material, unlike the invention according to claim 1, it is possible to prevent overlapping of reinforcing fiber layers intersecting with the longitudinal direction (0 ° direction) of the composite material. . Thus, the degree of freedom of the laminated structure of the reinforcing fiber layer is increased.

In order to solve the above problem, according to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of first fiber bundles parallel to each other, a plurality of first fiber bundles parallel to each other, and a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ There is provided a fiber substrate having a braided structure constituted by two fiber bundles. Each of the first and second fiber bundles includes a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers and an auxiliary yarn in which the basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is at most 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle. In the fiber base material, there is a crossing portion where reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, and any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is disposed on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers It is done.

According to the present invention, the fiber base is configured by arranging reinforcing fibers (reinforcing fiber bundles) in two axial directions. For this reason, in the fiber base material, there always exist intersections where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect. However, any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers. For this reason, crimp is suppressed in the first and second fiber bundles.

In the above-mentioned fiber base material, it is preferable that one of the first and second fiber bundles is a reinforcing fiber bundle constituted by reinforcing fibers, and the other is an auxiliary yarn.

According to this invention, there is no intersection between the reinforcing fiber bundles. For this reason, compared with the case where the cross | intersection part of reinforcement fiber bundles exists, the crimp of a reinforcement fiber is easy to be suppressed.

In the above fiber base material, in each of the first and second fiber bundles, it is preferable that reinforcing fiber bundles composed of reinforcing fibers and auxiliary yarns be alternately arranged.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fiber base in which reinforcing fibers are arranged in two axial directions, unlike the fiber base in which any one of the first and second fiber bundles is composed of reinforcing fiber bundles. In addition, since the reinforcing fiber bundles and the auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged in the first and second fiber bundles, the reinforcing fiber bundles and the auxiliary yarns can be arranged uniformly.

In the above fiber base material, the first fiber bundle intersects with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure at an angle θ, and the second fiber bundle forms an angle -θ with respect to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. It is preferable to intersect at

According to this invention, a known braided braiding machine can be used for the production of the fiber substrate.

In the above fiber base material, the second fiber bundle extends in parallel with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a specific fiber bundle of the second fiber bundle is a specific one of the first fiber bundles. Cross on one side with respect to the fiber bundle of the second fiber bundle, and the remaining fiber bundle of the second fiber bundle cross on the other side with respect to the remaining fiber bundle of the first fiber bundle preferable.

According to the present invention, unlike in a normal braid, the directions of the two axes can be made in two directions of the axial direction (0 ° direction) of the braided tissue and the angle θ.

In order to solve the said subject, according to the 4th aspect of this invention, the fiber base material which consists of a cylindrical fiber structure which has a braided structure is provided. The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles parallel to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. . The second fiber bundle is composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle made of reinforcing fibers and an auxiliary yarn whose basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle. According to the present invention, the reinforcing fiber bundles and the auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged, or one reinforcing fiber bundle and a set of a plurality of adjacent auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged. The first fiber bundle is configured by alternately arranging sets of a plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles adjacent to each other and one auxiliary yarn. The reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle intersects the second fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle on the outside or inside of the tubular fiber structure, and the auxiliary yarn is constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle It crosses on the other side with respect to the second fiber bundle.

According to the present invention, with respect to one second fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle, there is a crossing portion with the first fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle. The intersections are intersections between reinforcing fiber bundles, and a plurality of intersections are formed so as to be adjacent to each other in succession. When forming the tubular fiber structure, comparing the tensions of the first fiber bundle and the second fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle, it can be seen that the second fiber bundle is parallel to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. Is weaker than the first fiber bundle intersecting with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. That is, the first fiber bundle is more difficult to bend (curve) than the second fiber bundle. However, the first fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle is arranged to intersect on the same side with the second fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle. For this reason, even if the intersections of the reinforcing fiber bundles of the first and second fiber bundles are continuously arranged adjacent to each other, the crimp is suppressed in the first and second fiber bundles. In the first fiber bundle set including a plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles adjacent to each other, the number of first fiber bundles is set in consideration of the easiness of handling the fiber base material and the ease of assembling the tubular fiber structure. Be done.

In order to solve the above problems, according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fibrous base material formed by cutting a tubular fibrous structure having a braided structure along its axial direction to form a sheet. The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles parallel to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. . The second fiber bundle is composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle made of reinforcing fibers and an auxiliary yarn whose basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle. According to the present invention, the reinforcing fiber bundles and the auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged, or one reinforcing fiber bundle and a set of a plurality of adjacent auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged. The first fiber bundle is configured by alternately arranging sets of a plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles adjacent to each other and one auxiliary yarn. The reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle intersects the second fiber bundle constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle on the outside or inside of the tubular fiber structure, and the auxiliary yarn is constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle It crosses on the other side with respect to the second fiber bundle.

Also in this invention, as in the invention according to the ninth aspect, even if the intersections between the reinforcing fiber bundles of the first and second fiber bundles are continuously arranged adjacent to each other, the first fiber Crimping is suppressed in the bundle and the second fiber bundle.

In the above fiber substrate, the angle is preferably 45 °.

According to this invention, it is possible to obtain a fiber base in which the fiber bundles are arranged at 45 ° or 45 °. Thus, the mechanical properties of the composite material can be made to have quasi-isotropy.

In the above fiber base material, the auxiliary yarn is preferably made of organic fibers.

According to the invention, the organic fibers are softer than the inorganic fibers. For this reason, compared with the case where an inorganic fiber is used as an auxiliary yarn, an auxiliary yarn can be bent preferentially at the intersection between the auxiliary yarn and the reinforcing fiber. Thereby, the crimp which arises to a reinforced fiber can be suppressed.

In order to solve the above problems, according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fiber-reinforced composite material comprising the above-mentioned fiber base as a reinforcing material.

The reinforcing material used for the fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention has the effect of the fiber base material according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

In order to solve the above problems, according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a prepreg in which a resin is impregnated in the fiber base material according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

(A) is a plan view of the braided layer located on the upper side of the fiber base material of the first embodiment, (b) is a plan view of the braided layer located on the lower side of the fiber base, (c) is FIG. 1) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1c-1c, FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1d-1d of FIG. 1A, and FIG. Figure. The perspective view of a cylindrical braid. The partially broken perspective view of a composite material. (A) is a top view of the braided layer located in the upper side of the fiber base material of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is sectional drawing along the 4b-4b line | wire of Fig.4 (a). The top view of the fiber base material of 3rd Embodiment. The partially broken perspective view of a composite material. The top view of the fiber base material of 4th Embodiment. (A) is a schematic view showing a fiber bundle arranged in the axial direction of the cylindrical braid and a fiber bundle arranged to intersect the axial direction, (b) and (c) are bobbins of the braiding apparatus FIG. (A) The top view of the fiber base material of 5th Embodiment, (b) is a partially broken perspective view of a composite material. The top view of the fiber base material of 6th Embodiment. (A), (b) is a top view of the fiber base material of another embodiment, respectively. The top view of the fiber base material of another embodiment. (A), (b), (c) is a top view which shows the state which cuts out the fiber base material of another embodiment, respectively.

First Embodiment
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the fiber base and the fiber-reinforced composite material of the present invention are embodied will be described according to FIGS. 1 (a) to 3.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the fiber base 10 includes a plurality of first fiber bundles 11 and a plurality of second fiber bundles 12. The fiber base 10 is formed by flattening a tubular braid 13 as a tubular fibrous structure shown in FIG. The first fiber bundle 11 is arranged to intersect with the axial direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 1A and 1B) of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ. The second fiber bundles 12 are arranged to intersect the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle -θ. Here, the angle θ is 45 °.

One of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 is constituted by a reinforcing fiber bundle 14 consisting of reinforcing fibers, and the other is constituted by an auxiliary yarn 15. Here, the first fiber bundle 11 is constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, and the second fiber bundle 12 is constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15. "Reinforcing fibers" means fibers that reinforce the matrix of the composite material when the fiber substrate 10 is used as a reinforcement of the composite material. As the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, a non-twisted fiber bundle of light weight, high breaking strength and high elastic modulus is used. Here, carbon fibers are used as the reinforcing fiber bundles 14. The carbon fiber has, for example, about 10,000 to several tens of thousands of filaments, although it depends on the required performance of the composite material.

The auxiliary yarn 15 disturbs the arrangement of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 constituting the fiber substrate 10 at the time of production of the composite material, and prevents the deformation of the fiber substrate 10 at the time of transfer of the fiber substrate 10. The auxiliary yarns 15 need not themselves contribute to the mechanical strength of the composite material.

The auxiliary yarn 15 is constituted by a yarn or a fiber bundle. The basis weight of the auxiliary yarn 15 is 20% or less of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, and preferably less than 10%. The auxiliary yarn 15 is set by the strength required for the fiber base 10 as a reinforcing material of the composite material and the material of the auxiliary yarn 15. The "weight" means the weight of a yarn of a predetermined length, which is reflected in the thickness. The auxiliary yarn 15 is preferably made of a lightweight and flexible organic fiber as compared to the inorganic fiber. Here, the auxiliary yarn 15 is made of polyester fiber.

The fiber base 10 has a two-layer structure in which the tubular braid 13 is flattened. In the state of the tubular braid 13 shown in FIG. 2, the first fiber bundle 11 intersects the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ, regardless of which direction the tubular braid 13 is viewed from, and the second The fiber bundle 12 intersects the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle -θ. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the angle θ between the arrangement direction of the first fiber bundle 11 and the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 is clockwise with respect to the axial direction. Then, it becomes 45 ° in the upper layer 10 a and −45 ° in the lower layer 10 b. That is, the upper layer 10a has the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 arranged at 45 ° to the axial direction of the braided tissue, and the lower layer 10b is arranged at -45 ° to the axial direction of the braided tissue It has a reinforcing fiber bundle 14. In the upper layer 10a and the lower layer 10b, there is no intersection between the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, and only the intersection 17a between the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 is present.

The tubular braid 14 which constitutes the fiber base material 10 is, for example, a cubic cord disclosed in a known round braiding machine (round hammer), Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-64619, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-13463, etc. Manufactured using an original breeder (rotor carrier type three-dimensional textile loom). Here, a mandrel having an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the tubular braid 13 to be formed is used. First, the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 are wound around the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel so as to form an angle (θ and −θ) with the axial direction of the mandrel. The obtained tubular braid 13 is cut into the length of the fiber base 10. Thereafter, the tubular braid 13 is crushed and flattened to complete the fiber base material 10 which is a reinforcing material of the composite material.

The fiber substrate 10 is cut into a predetermined length. The fiber substrate 10 is laminated with another fiber substrate to constitute a four-axis reinforcing material. Other fiber substrates have reinforcing fibers (reinforcing fiber bundles) at angles of 0 ° and 90 ° with the longitudinal direction of the composite material. As another fiber base material in this case, a plain weave fabric (angle 0 °) using a reinforcing fiber as a warp and an auxiliary yarn as a weft is used. In addition, plain weave fabrics (angle 90 °) using reinforcing fibers for the weft and auxiliary yarns for the warp are also used. Also, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a plain weave fabric W1 may be used in which each of the warp yarns and weft yarns is composed of reinforcing fibers and auxiliary yarns, and reinforcing fibers and auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged. In FIG. 3, the reinforcing fibers of the plain weave fabric W1 are indicated by thick lines, and the auxiliary yarns are indicated by thin lines.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the composite material 16, the fiber base material 10 is laminated on both sides of a plain weave fabric W1 in which reinforcing fibers and auxiliary yarns are alternately arranged, and the obtained laminate is impregnated with a matrix resin and cured. Manufactured. FIG. 3 shows portions of the upper layer 10 a and the lower layer 10 b of the fiber substrate 10. In order to make the mechanical properties of the composite material 16 have quasi-isotropy, reinforcing fibers arranged at 0 °, 45 °, -45 ° and 90 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the composite material 16 may be present. . In this case, a composite material 16 having quasi-isotropic mechanical properties is obtained using at least one plain weave fabric W1 and one fiber substrate 10. The required performance of the composite material 16 sets the number of the residual fiber base material 10 and the plain fabric W1 to be laminated.

The composite material 16 is manufactured by laminating the fiber substrate 10 together with other fiber substrates in a mold, impregnating the laminate with a resin as a matrix, and curing the resin. As a matrix resin, thermosetting resins, such as an epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, are used, for example. The impregnation and curing of the resin is performed, for example, by RTM (resin transfer molding) method.

Next, the operation of the above-mentioned fiber base 10 will be described.

When the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 are both constituted by only the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, at the intersection where the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 constituting the fiber substrate 10 intersect, The first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 bend under one another under similar pressure. Therefore, when the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 are both constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, the cross section of the fiber material 0 along the first fiber bundle 11 is as shown in FIG. 1 (e). become. In this case, in the first fiber bundle 11, crimps that are bent in the opposite direction to the second fiber bundle 12 exist at every location corresponding to the second fiber bundle 12. Further, in the cross section of the fiber base 10 along the second fiber bundle 12, the second fiber bundle 12 has a direction opposite to that of the first fiber bundle 11 at every location corresponding to the first fiber bundle 11. There is a crimp that flexes. Therefore, when the composite material 16 including the fiber base material 10 as a reinforcing material is manufactured, the high tensile strength of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is not sufficiently exhibited in the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12.

In that respect, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), in the first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, the second fiber bundle 11 constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15 There is almost no crimp at locations corresponding to the fiber bundles 12. Thus, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are held in a substantially straight array. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1 (d), in the second fiber bundle 12, there is a crimp that is bent in the opposite direction at each location corresponding to the first fiber bundle 11 configured by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14. Therefore, when the composite material 16 including the fiber base material 10 as a reinforcing material is manufactured, in the first fiber bundle 11 configured by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, the high tensile strength of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is sufficiently exhibited. .

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The fiber base 10 is formed by flattening the tubular braid 13. The plurality of first fiber bundles 11 are arranged to intersect the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ. The plurality of second fiber bundles 12 are arranged to intersect the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle -θ. Therefore, the productivity of the fiber base 10 can be enhanced as compared with a textile base (one-direction reinforced textile) in which fiber bundles are arranged in one direction (for example, the angle θ direction).

(2) The first fiber bundle 11 is constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, and the second fiber bundle 12 is constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15. For this reason, there is no intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 intersect. That is, only the intersection 17 a of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 is present as the intersection of the first fiber bundle 11 and the second fiber bundle 12. As a result, the crimp is suppressed in the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 intersecting with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13. Therefore, it is possible to constitute the fiber base 10 having at least the reinforcing fibers intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the fiber base and in which the crimp of the reinforcing fibers is suppressed.

(3) The fiber base 10 has two layers of reinforcing fiber layers by flattening the tubular braid 13. In this case, in the upper layer 10a and the lower layer 10b, the arrangement direction of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is symmetrical with respect to the axial direction of the braided tissue. For this reason, when a plurality of reinforcing fiber layers are required as a reinforcing material of the composite material 16, the time and effort of overlapping the fiber base 10 is reduced.

(4) The angle θ between the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 is 45 °. The fiber base 10 is formed by flattening the tubular braid 13. Therefore, the fiber base 10 in which the fiber bundles are arranged at 45 ° or -45 ° can be obtained, and the mechanical properties of the composite material 16 can be made to have quasi-isotropy. Further, the arrangement direction of the first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is different between the upper layer 10 a and the lower layer 10 b of the fiber base material 10. Therefore, when used as a reinforcing material of the composite material 18, the reinforcing fiber layer in which the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is arranged at 45 ° by the single fiber substrate 10 and the reinforcing fiber layer arranged at -45 ° Can be provided.

(5) The auxiliary yarn 15 is made of organic fiber. For this reason, compared with the case where an inorganic fiber is used as the auxiliary yarn 15, the crimp of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 can be easily suppressed.

Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment will be described according to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the arrangement configuration of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12. The same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the detailed description is omitted.

As shown to Fig.4 (a), in each of the 1st and 2nd fiber bundle 11 and 12, the reinforcement fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 are arranged alternately. In the fiber base material 10 of the first embodiment, there is no intersection between the first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 . In this embodiment, the intersection between the first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, that is, the intersection portion between the reinforcing fiber bundles 14. There is 17b. However, the crossing portions 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are not arranged adjacent to each other. That is, the intersection 17a of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 or the intersection 17c of the auxiliary yarn 15 is present between the intersections 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14. When there is a crossing portion 17 b where the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 cross each other, all the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 are arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle 12 made of reinforcing fibers. It is done. That is, all the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 are disposed on the outer side of the tubular braid 13 (the front side with respect to the paper surface in FIG. 4A). Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, the first fiber bundle 11 composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is present on one side of the second fiber bundle 12, and the auxiliary yarn 15 is provided on the other side. There is a first fiber bundle 11 composed of For this reason, unlike the case where the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 exist on both sides of the second fiber bundle 12, no large crimp occurs in the second fiber bundle 12. Similarly, any reinforcing fiber bundle 14 constituting the second fiber bundle 12 is disposed on the same side with respect to the first fiber bundle 11. Therefore, the crimp is also suppressed in the first fiber bundle 11.

Therefore, according to the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the same effects as (1) and (3) to (5) of the first embodiment.

(6) In each of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged. Therefore, unlike the fiber base 10 in which any one of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 is composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, a fiber base in which the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are arranged in two axial directions. You can get ten.

(7) Since the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged in each of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 may also be arranged evenly. it can.

(8) All reinforcing fiber bundles 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 are arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle 12 made of reinforcing fibers. For this reason, the crimp of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 can be suppressed.

Third Embodiment
Next, a third embodiment will be described according to FIGS. 5 and 6. The third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the fiber base 20 is not a two-layer structure but a single layer. The same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the detailed description will be omitted.

The fiber base 20 is formed by cutting the tubular braid 13 along the axial direction thereof into a sheet. Therefore, when the same cylindrical braid 13 is used, as shown in FIG. 5, the width of the fiber base 20 is twice the width of the fiber base 10 in which the tubular braid 13 is flattened. The fiber base material 20 intersects the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle -θ with a plurality of first fiber bundles 11 arranged to intersect the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ. A plurality of second fiber bundles 12 are arranged. The first fiber bundles 11 are all constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, and the second fiber bundles 12 are all constituted by the auxiliary yarns 15. In the fiber base 20, the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 intersects with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ (45 °).

The fiber substrate 20 is used to produce a composite material 16 having quasi-isotropic mechanical properties. In this case, at least two fiber substrates 20 are required. Both fiber base materials 20 are laminated upside down. As shown in FIG. 6, both fiber base materials 20 sandwich the plain weave W1 with two fiber base materials 20, and the first fiber bundle 11 of one fiber base material 20 and the other fiber base material 20. And the first fiber bundle 11 are arranged symmetrically and stacked.

Therefore, according to the third embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (2) and (5) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(9) The fiber base 20 is formed by cutting and opening the tubular braid 13 along the axial direction thereof. The braid structure comprises a plurality of first fiber bundles 11 intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 and a plurality of second fiber bundles 12 intersecting the first fiber bundles 11 ing. In this case, the reinforcing fiber layer of the fiber base 20 is one layer. For this reason, when using the fiber base material 20 as a reinforcing material of the composite material 16, it is possible to prevent the two reinforcing fiber layers crossing each other in the 0 ° direction from overlapping. Thus, the degree of freedom of the laminated structure of the reinforcing fiber layer is increased. Moreover, when manufacturing the fiber base material 20 with a wide width compared with the fiber base material 10 formed by making the cylindrical braid 13 flat, a small braiding apparatus can be used. For example, the fiber base material 20 of twice the width can be formed from the cylindrical braid 13 of the same diameter.

Fourth Embodiment
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 8C. The fourth embodiment is the same as the fiber base 10 of the first and second embodiments in that the tubular braid 13 is formed flat. On the other hand, the fourth embodiment is significantly different from the two embodiments in the arrangement of the fiber bundles constituting the braided tissue. The same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the detailed description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the fiber base material 30, the first fiber bundle 11 is arranged to intersect the axial direction of the cylindrical braid 13 at an angle θ, and the second fiber bundle 12 is made of the cylindrical braid 13. It is arranged parallel to the axial direction. The axial direction of the braided structure of the fiber base 30 is two directions of 0 ° direction and angle θ. The angle θ is 45 °. The first fiber bundles 11 are all constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, and the second fiber bundles 12 are all constituted by the auxiliary yarns 15. All intersections of the first fiber bundle 11 and the second fiber bundle 12 are intersections 17 a of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15.

In order to assemble the tubular braid 13, the following conditions need to be satisfied. As the first condition, as shown in FIG. 8A, there are two types, a diagonal thread 31a passing inside the specific axial thread 32b and a diagonal thread 31b passing outside the specific axial thread 32b. is there. The second condition is an axial thread 32a passing inside the specific diagonal thread 31a and an axial thread 32b passing outside the specific diagonal thread 31a.

The braiding apparatus (braiding machine) which satisfy | fills this condition is shown in FIG.8 (b). As shown in the figure, the bobbin B1 for the oblique yarn 31a is placed outside the axial yarn 32a and the axial yarn 32b by a carrier (not shown) for an even number of axial yarns 32a and 32b alternately positioned. And sequentially move along the path 36. Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, the bobbin B2 for the oblique yarn 31b moves along the path 37 in order between the inside of the axial yarn 32a and the outside of the axial yarn 32b by the carrier not shown. . The bobbins B1 and B2 move along different trajectories, but move in the same direction with respect to the center of the braiding machine.

In the manufacture of the tubular braid 13, a mandrel with an outer diameter equal to the inner diameter of the tubular braid 13 is used. The axial yarns 32a and 32b to be the second fiber bundle 12 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel. Then, the diagonal yarns 31a and 31b to be the first fiber bundle 11 are respectively supplied from the bobbin B1 for the diagonal yarn 31a and the bobbin B2 for the diagonal yarn 31b. At this time, the tubular braid 13 is formed such that the oblique yarns 31a and 31b and the axial yarns 32a and 32b form a predetermined angle θ. After the tubular braid 13 is cut into the length of the fiber base 30, the tubular braid 13 is crushed and flattened. Thereby, the fiber base material 30 used as a reinforcing material of the composite material 16 is completed.

According to the fourth embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (2) to (5) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(10) The second fiber bundle 12 is arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13. The specific fiber bundle of the second fiber bundle 12 intersects on one side with the specific fiber bundle of the first fiber bundle 11, and the remaining fiber bundles are of the first fiber bundle 11. It crosses on the other side with respect to the remaining fiber bundle of them. Therefore, the axial direction of the braided structure of the fiber substrate 30 can be made into two directions of 0 ° direction and angle θ.

Fifth Embodiment
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described according to FIGS. 9 (a) and 9 (b). The fifth embodiment is largely different from the above embodiments in that the angle θ formed by the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 and the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 is not 45 ° but 30 °. . The other configuration is basically the same as that of the second embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those of the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the detailed description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 9A, in each of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged. In the fiber base 10, the crossing portions 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are not arranged adjacent to each other. That is, the intersection 17a of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 or the intersection 17c of the auxiliary yarn 15 is present between the intersections 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14. As in the second embodiment, any reinforcing fiber bundle 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 is disposed on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle 12 made of reinforcing fibers. Therefore, the crimp is suppressed in the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 formed of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 even when the intersections 17 b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are present.

The first fiber bundle 11 intersects the second fiber bundle 12 at an angle of 60 °. For this reason, in order to make the mechanical properties of the composite material 16 have quasi-isotropy, it is necessary to laminate the fiber base 10 on another textile base to constitute a triaxial reinforcing material. Other textile substrates have reinforcing fibers arranged at 90 ° to the longitudinal direction of the composite 16. As another textile base material in this case, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), a plain weave fabric W2 using a reinforcing fiber for the weft and an auxiliary yarn for the warp is used. In this case, a composite material 16 having quasi-isotropic mechanical properties is obtained using at least one plain woven fabric W2 and one fiber base material 10. The required performance of the composite material 16 sets the number of the fiber base 10 and the plain weave W2 to be laminated.

Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (1), (3), (5) of the first embodiment and (6) to (8) of the second embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. You can get it.

(11) The angle θ between the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 is 30 °, and the fiber base 10 is formed by flattening the tubular braid 13. Therefore, as a reinforcing material for making the mechanical properties of the composite material 16 have pseudo-isotropy, specifically, the composite material 16 in which triaxial reinforcing fibers intersect with each other at 60 °. It can be suitably used as a reinforcing material of

Sixth Embodiment
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described according to FIG. In the sixth embodiment, the first fiber bundle 11 intersects with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ (for example, 45 °), and the second fiber bundle 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 In a certain point, it is the same as the fourth embodiment. On the other hand, the sixth embodiment is largely different from the above-described embodiments in that the crossing portions 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are continuously formed. The other configuration is basically the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Therefore, the same parts as those of the fourth embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the detailed description will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the second fiber bundle 12, reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged. In the first fiber bundle 11, a set of one auxiliary yarn 15 and two reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are alternately arranged. The first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15 passes the outside of the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 (the front side in the drawing of FIG. 10), and the first fiber bundle 11 is constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15 It passes through the inside of the second fiber bundle 12 (the back side in the drawing of FIG. 10). A pair of first fiber bundles 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 passes through the inside of the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and a second fiber bundle constituted by the auxiliary yarns 15. Pass 12 outside. That is, with respect to one second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, a portion where two crossing portions 17 b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are continuous, a crossing portion between the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 17a is repeated in order.

The first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 intersects the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 on the same side. That is, when there is a crossing portion 17 b where the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 cross each other, any reinforcing fiber bundle 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 has the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle 12 made of reinforcing fibers. Is located in Therefore, even if a plurality of intersections 17b of the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 formed by the second fiber bundle 12 and the first fiber bundle 11 are continuously formed, the crimp is suppressed in the second fiber bundle 12 .

When the number of first fiber bundles 11 configured by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 increases, the number of first fiber bundles 11 configured by the auxiliary yarns 15 that hold the second fiber bundles 12 decreases. As a result, the function of holding the second fiber bundle 12 by the first fiber bundle 11 is reduced. Therefore, the number of reinforcing fiber bundles 14 is set in consideration of the easiness of handling the fiber base material 30 and the easiness of manufacturing the tubular braid 13 for a set of a plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles 14 adjacent to each other.

Therefore, according to the sixth embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (3) to (5) of the first embodiment and (10) of the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(12) In the second fiber bundle 12, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged, and in the first fiber bundle 11, a pair of a plurality of adjacent reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and one The auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged. In this case, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are arranged in the axial direction (0 ° direction) of the braided tissue and in the direction intersecting with the axial direction of the braided tissue at an angle θ. When the number of first fiber bundles 11 is the same, compared with a fiber base 30 in which the intersections 17b of the reinforcing fibers 14 of the second fiber bundles 12 and the first fiber bundles 11 are not adjacent to each other, The number of first fiber bundles 11 constituted by 14 can be increased.

The above embodiments may be modified as follows.

In the first to fifth embodiments, it is not necessary for the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 to cross each other alternately to pass through the outside and the inside of the other fiber bundle. For example, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), the first fiber bundle 11 is arranged to alternately repeat a portion passing through the outside and a portion passing the inside of the adjacent two second fiber bundles 12 Alternatively, the second fiber bundle 12 may be arranged to alternately repeat a portion passing through the outside and a portion passing the inside of the two adjacent first fiber bundles 11. Further, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), in the fiber base material 10, two first fiber bundles 11 and two second fiber bundles 12 alternate with the outside of the other fiber bundle, respectively. It may cross so as to pass through the inside. The inside and the outside of the fiber bundle correspond to the inside and the outside of the tubular braid 13.

In the first to fifth embodiments, the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 pass through the outside and the inside of the other fiber bundle by the first fiber bundle 11 and the second fiber bundle 12. Each may be different. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, in the first fiber bundle 11, after passing the outside of the adjacent three second fiber bundles 12, the fibers passing the inside of one second fiber bundle 12. The bundle and the fiber bundle passing the outside of one second fiber bundle 12 after passing through the inside of the adjacent three second fiber bundles 12 are alternately arranged. Further, in the second fiber bundle 12, the fiber bundle alternately passes through the outer side and the inner side of the adjacent first fiber bundle 11 and the outer side of the adjacent two first fiber bundles 11, Fiber bundles passing inside the two adjacent first fiber bundles 11 are alternately arranged.

As in the fourth embodiment, a fiber base material in which the first fiber bundle 11 intersects with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ and the second fiber bundle 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 Also in 30, the configurations of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 may be changed as in the second embodiment and the third embodiment. That is, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 may be alternately arranged, and the fibrous base material 30 may be formed by cutting the tubular braid 13 in the axial direction into a sheet form.

The sixth embodiment may be modified as follows. For example, in the second fiber bundle 12, one reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and a plurality of auxiliary yarns 15 may be arranged without arranging the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 alternately. Further, in the second fiber bundle 12, a portion in which the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are alternately arranged and a portion in which one reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the plurality of auxiliary yarns 15 are arranged are mixed It is also good. Further, the number of the first and second fiber bundles 11 and 12 may be three or more for a set of a plurality of adjacent reinforcing fiber bundles 14. In addition, the fiber base 30 may be formed by cutting the tubular braid 13 along the axial direction thereof into a sheet. The angle θ may be other than 45 °.

The tubular braid 13 is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles 11 intersecting at the axial direction with the angle θ, and a second fiber bundle 12 intersecting at the coaxial direction with the angle −θ. The tubular braid 13 is flattened, or the tubular braid 13 is cut open along the axial direction thereof to form a sheet, whereby a fiber base is formed. The angle θ at this time may be 0 ° <θ <30 °, 30 ° <θ <45 °, 45 ° <θ <90 °, in addition to 30 ° and 45 °. However, the angle θ is preferably 30 ° or 45 ° in order to reduce the number of fiber substrates to be laminated to obtain quasi-isotropy.

In the fiber base materials 10 and 20 in which the first fiber bundle 11 intersects with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle θ, and the second fiber bundle 12 intersects with the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle -θ, The reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 can be freely combined as long as the following conditions are satisfied. The condition is that, when there is a crossing portion 17b between the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, any reinforcing fiber bundle 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 at the crossing portion 17b is also a second fiber bundle 12 consisting of reinforcing fibers. Are placed on the same side with respect to. Therefore, instead of alternately arranging reinforcing fiber bundles 14 and auxiliary yarns 15, a set of one reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and a plurality of auxiliary yarns 15 may be alternately arranged, or a first fiber bundle Any one of the 11 and the second fiber bundle 12 may be constituted by the auxiliary yarn 15. However, in these cases, the number of reinforcing fiber bundles 14 is reduced, and the strength of the fiber base 10 is reduced.

The same condition applies to the fiber base material 30 in which the first fiber bundle 11 intersects with the axial direction of the cylindrical braid 13 at an angle θ and the second fiber bundle 12 is parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical braid 13. If satisfied, the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 can be freely combined. That is, if the first fiber bundle 11 constituted by the reinforcement fiber bundle 14 is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle 12 constituted by the reinforcement fiber bundle 14, the reinforcement fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarn 15 can be freely combined. However, the first fiber bundle 11 needs to be constituted by at least one reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and at least one auxiliary yarn 15.

When the tubular braid 13 is cut open to form a sheet-like fiber substrate, the direction in which the tubular braid 13 is cut is not limited to the axial direction of the tubular braid 13. As shown in FIG. 13 (a), all of the first fiber bundle 11 is composed of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14, all of the second fiber bundle 12 is composed of the auxiliary yarn 15, and the first fiber bundle 11 is A cylindrical braid 13 intersecting the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of 45 ° and having the second fiber bundle 12 intersecting the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of −45 ° You may cut open along. In this case, in the sheet-like fiber substrate obtained, the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are arranged so as to form + 90 ° with respect to a two-dot chain line indicating a direction in which the tubular braid 13 is cut. Further, as shown in FIG. 13 (b), all the first fiber bundles 11 are constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, all the second fiber bundles 12 are constituted by the auxiliary yarns 15, and the first fiber bundles 11 are A cylindrical braid 13 intersecting the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of 60 ° and having the second fiber bundle 12 intersecting the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of −60 ° is a second fiber bundle 12 You may cut open along. In this case, the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 forms + 120 ° with respect to a two-dot chain line indicating a direction in which the tubular braid 13 is cut.

The direction in which the tubular braid 13 is cut is not limited to the arrangement direction of the second fiber bundle 12 (auxiliary yarn 15). For example, as shown in FIG. 13 (c), all the first fiber bundles 11 are constituted by the reinforcing fiber bundles 14, all the second fiber bundles 12 are constituted by the auxiliary yarns 15, and the first fiber bundles 11 are The tubular braid 13 intersects the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of 60 °, and the second fiber bundle 12 intersects the axial direction of the tubular braid 13 at an angle of −60 °, the angle of 15 ° to the axial direction It may be cut open along the line which makes In this case, the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 forms + 45 ° with respect to a two-dot chain line indicating a direction in which the tubular braid 13 is cut. When the tubular braid 13 is cut obliquely to the axial direction, a long unidirectional fiber substrate can be obtained as compared with the case of cutting along the axial direction.

The fiber substrate is not limited to one formed by flattening the tubular braid 13, and may be bent in, for example, a tubular shape, a wavy shape, or a zigzag shape.

The reinforcing fiber bundle 14 is not only carbon fiber but also inorganic fiber such as glass fiber or ceramic fiber, or high strength, high elastic modulus such as aramid fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, etc. It may be an organic fiber. When the required performance of rigidity and strength is high, carbon fiber is preferable. Inexpensive glass fibers may be used as the reinforcing fibers for low cost.

Different reinforcing fiber bundles 14 may be used as the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 constituting the first fiber bundle 11 or the second fiber bundle 12, respectively. For example, the first fiber bundle 11 may be carbon fiber, and the second fiber bundle 12 may be glass fiber. Alternatively, the first fiber bundle 11 may be an aramid fiber, and the second fiber bundle 12 may be a carbon fiber.

The organic fiber which comprises the auxiliary yarn 15 may be polyamide other than polyester. As the organic fiber constituting the auxiliary yarn 15, one not melting at the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin to be the matrix resin of the composite material 16 is preferable. As the auxiliary yarns 15, inorganic fibers such as carbon fibers, glass fibers, ceramic fibers, etc. or organic fibers with high strength and high elastic modulus such as aramid fibers may be used, and the reinforcing fiber bundle 14 and the auxiliary yarns 15 are It may be the same fiber. In that case, the basis weight of the auxiliary yarn 15 may be 20% or less of that of the reinforcing fiber bundle 14.

In the composite material 16, it is not necessary to arrange the reinforcing fibers so that the mechanical strength is quasi-isotropic. The composite material 16 may be manufactured using only the fiber base 10 in which the reinforcing fiber bundles 14 are arranged in two axial directions as a reinforcing material.

The composite material 16 is manufactured by laminating the fiber substrate 10 together with other textile substrates in a mold, impregnating the laminate in the mold with a matrix resin, and curing the resin. In this case, the fiber substrate 10 and the other fabric substrate are laminated in advance outside the mold, and the laminates such as the adjacent fiber substrate 10 are bonded by the binder resin or the binder fiber, and the obtained preform is molded It may be accommodated in the In addition to the above method, for example, the composite material 16 may be manufactured by pressurizing and heating a prepreg in which the fiber base material 10 is impregnated with a resin in advance with a molding die.

The matrix may be metal other than resin. If the matrix is metal, organic fibers can not be used as the reinforcing fiber bundle 14. Fibers that do not soften or melt at the melting point of the matrix metal, such as carbon fibers and ceramic fibers, are used.

The matrix resin constituting the composite material 16 may be a thermoplastic resin such as polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, or polyphenylene ether, in addition to the thermosetting resin. For example, when the composite material 16 is used as an energy absorbing member, a thermosetting resin is preferable to a thermoplastic resin in terms of strength. However, in terms of toughness, thermoplastic resins are also superior to thermosetting resins. In this case, the energy absorption is large and the safety is improved without the entire cross section breaking at once due to the collision load. Among thermoplastic resins, polyamide is preferable in terms of moldability, mechanical properties and cost.

The tubular fiber structure can be manufactured using a cylindrical loom disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-4013, as well as the round braiding machine and the three-dimensional braider. According to this cylindrical loom, the circumferential direction yarn supply unit is provided according to the number of first fiber bundles 11. Also, a bobbin holder having a bobbin around which radial direction yarns are wound is provided according to the number of second fiber bundles 12. A cylindrical cored bar is fixed between the fixed plates. A bobbin is attached to each bobbin holder. The ends of the radial threads unwound from the bobbins are fixed to one of the stationary plates and arranged radially. The end of the circumferential yarn drawn out from the circumferential yarn bobbin is fixed to one of the fixed disks. Then, the circumferential yarn and the radial yarn are repeatedly wound in a spiral while raising one of the fixing disks. The circumferential yarn is wound in the opposite direction to the radial yarn.

Claims (14)

A fiber base material comprising a tubular fiber structure having a braid structure,
The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles intersecting with the first fiber bundle. , Said fiber substrate is
A reinforcing fiber bundle comprising reinforcing fibers constituting at least a part of the first fiber bundle or the second fiber bundle;
And the auxiliary yarn whose basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle,
When the reinforcing fiber bundle that intersects the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure is present, and there is no intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, or when there is an intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect. A fiber base material characterized in that any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers. In the fiber substrate according to claim 1,
A fiber base material characterized in that the fiber base material is formed by flattening the tubular fiber structure. A fibrous base material formed into a sheet by cutting open a tubular fibrous structure having a braided structure along its axial direction,
The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles intersecting with the first fiber bundle. , Said fiber substrate is
A reinforcing fiber bundle comprising reinforcing fibers constituting at least a part of the first fiber bundle or the second fiber bundle;
And the auxiliary yarn whose basis weight of the auxiliary yarn is not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle,
When the reinforcing fiber bundle that intersects the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure is present, and there is no intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect, or when there is an intersection where the reinforcing fiber bundles intersect. A fiber base material characterized in that any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers. A fiber base material having a braided structure composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles parallel to one another and a plurality of second fiber bundles parallel to one another and intersecting the first fiber bundles at an angle θ There,
Each of the first and second fiber bundles includes a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers, and an auxiliary yarn having a basis weight of the auxiliary yarn not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle,
At the fiber base, there is a crossing portion where the reinforcing fiber bundles cross each other,
A fiber base material characterized in that any reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is arranged on the same side with respect to the second fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers. The fiber substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3
A fiber base material characterized in that one of the first and second fiber bundles is the reinforcing fiber bundle composed of the reinforcing fibers, and the other is the auxiliary yarn. The fiber substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
In each of the first and second fiber bundles, the reinforcing fiber bundle composed of the reinforcing fibers and the auxiliary yarn are alternately arranged. The fiber base material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, 6
The first fiber bundle intersects with the axial direction of the tubular fiber at an angle θ,
A fiber base material characterized in that the second fiber bundle intersects with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure at an angle -θ. The fiber base material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5, 6
The second fiber bundle extends in parallel with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure,
A particular fiber bundle of the second fiber bundle intersects one side with a particular fiber bundle of the first fiber bundle,
A fiber base material characterized in that the remaining fiber bundles of the second fiber bundle intersect the remaining fiber bundles of the first fiber bundle on the other side. A fiber base material comprising a tubular fiber structure having a braid structure,
The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles parallel to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. And
The second fiber bundle is composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers and an auxiliary yarn having a basis weight of the auxiliary yarn of not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle, and the reinforcing fiber bundle and the auxiliary yarn Alternately arranged, or one set of the reinforcing fiber bundle and a plurality of adjacent auxiliary yarns arranged alternately;
The first fiber bundle is configured by alternately arranging sets of the plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles adjacent to each other and one of the auxiliary yarns, and a reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is formed by The second fiber bundle formed by the reinforcing fiber bundle intersects the outside or the inside of the tubular fiber structure, and the auxiliary yarn is the other of the second fiber bundle formed by the reinforcing fiber bundle. A fiber base material characterized in that it crosses on the side of. A fibrous base material formed into a sheet by cutting open a tubular fibrous structure having a braided structure along its axial direction,
The braided structure is composed of a plurality of first fiber bundles intersecting at an angle θ with the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure, and a plurality of second fiber bundles parallel to the axial direction of the tubular fiber structure. And
The second fiber bundle is composed of a reinforcing fiber bundle consisting of reinforcing fibers and an auxiliary yarn having a basis weight of the auxiliary yarn of not more than 20% of the basis weight of the reinforcing fiber bundle, and the reinforcing fiber bundle and the auxiliary yarn Alternately arranged, or one set of the reinforcing fiber bundle and a plurality of adjacent auxiliary yarns arranged alternately;
The first fiber bundle is configured by alternately arranging sets of the plurality of reinforcing fiber bundles adjacent to each other and one of the auxiliary yarns, and a reinforcing fiber bundle constituting the first fiber bundle is formed by The second fiber bundle formed by the reinforcing fiber bundle intersects the outside or the inside of the tubular fiber structure, and the auxiliary yarn is the other of the second fiber bundle formed by the reinforcing fiber bundle. A fiber base material characterized in that it crosses on the side of. The fiber substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
The fiber base material characterized in that the angle θ is 45 °. The fiber substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The said auxiliary | assistant yarn is comprised with the organic fiber, The fiber base material characterized by the above-mentioned. A fiber reinforced composite material comprising the fiber base according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as a reinforcing material. A prepreg in which the fiber base material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 is impregnated with a resin.

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